The Study of Motorcycle Accident Injury Data
Transcription
The Study of Motorcycle Accident Injury Data
«‘™“°“√ The Study of Motorcycle Accident Injury Data Sirikul Kulleab, BN.S. Khan Kean Hospital Abstract This is a descriptive research aimed to study situation of the injury and death from motorcycle accident injury patient. The obtained data then were explored for factor that cause injury and death as well as correlation comparison between factors that caused accident and severity of injury and death. And, furthermore, another objective was seeking for policy and planning idea concerning preventive and corrective suggestion issues. Target group : Motorcyclists who was presenting at Emergency Room in 12 provincial hospitals which 3 hospital from each of 4 regions were randomly selected. Data were collected by interviewed 1200 injured motorcyclists which were 100 randomly selected from each hospital. Structured interview form was used during April 1st, 2009-end of October 2009. Data were analyzed by percentage and chi -square test. Results : it were found that accident mostly occurred on straight road 61.9% on main road 29.9% on village or in community road and axillaryûs road 24.8%. Most of them were male at 19-30 year of age 37% ages lower than 15 were 7% which the lowest was 9 while the oldest was 82 years old. Occupation : the most were workers/ employers 46% students were 22%. Did not hold driving license 64.3% .Learn how to drive by themselves 54.3% . Drunk driving 31.6%.Did not used helmet 78.9%. Driving speed exceeded than 80 km/hrs 31.1%. Most of the drunk and over speed driving experienced accident around 4.00-12.00 pm. 41.2%. large motorcycle over than 100 c.c. 38.5%. Among entire of 1200 drivers 20 were death 1.7%. Mostly were extremities injuries. Head and neck 37.4%.4 Becomes cripples 3%. Type of accident mostly were accidentally turn over. Which mostly fast driving 32%, drunk before drive 42.2%, only one hand used in controlling the motorcycles 4%, did not wore helmet 84.2%. Its obvious that those who accidentally turn over were drunk and none of them wore helmet (100%). Risk behavior of the drivers were significantly associated with alcohol drinking , did not wear helmet, over speed driving, no license holding at level 0.05, respectively. Conclusion and recommendation for policy maker : motorcycle accident occurred mostly from risk behavior of the drivers associated with alcohol consumed and high speed riding. Concern of cabinet on youth motorcycle driver control and effectively immense law enforcement as well as devout quality license obtaining process such as safe riding practice training for every novice riders before license hand over and the most important issue to be considered is amendment of queries of 15 years old for motorcycle driving license to ride 90 c.c. which, currently, has no more 90 c.c. but only 100 c.c. or over have, now, had been available in motorcycleûs market. What could be done is to increase the license obtaining age at 18 years old that may be more suitable for 100 c.c. motorcycle. Keywords : Motorcycle Accident Injury Data. MAHASARAKHAM HOPITAL JOURNAL Vol. 7 No. 4 Fabruary - April 2011 55 °“√»÷°…“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå »‘√‘°ÿ≈ °ÿ≈‡≈’¬∫., æ¬∫. ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¢Õπ·°àπ ∫∑§—¥¬àÕ °“√»÷°…“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õß°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå‡ªìπ°“√ ”√«®·≈–«‘®—¬‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Descriptive Survey) ¡’«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧ凿◊ËÕ »÷°…“ ¿“æªí≠À“·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ«‘‡§√“–ÀåÀ“ªí®®—¬°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫·≈–‡ ’¬™’«‘µ®“°°“√¢—∫¢’Ë√∂ ®—°√¬“π¬πµå §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π—Èπ µàÕ°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ·≈–§«“¡√ÿπ·√ß„π°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫·≈–‡ ’¬™’«‘µ ‡æ◊ÕË °“√«“ß·ºππ‚¬∫“¬·≈–·π«∑“ß„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π·≈–·°â‰¢ªí≠À“‡°’¬Ë «°—∫°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫µ— ‡‘ Àµÿ∑“ß∂ππ®“°√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå °≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬‡ªìπºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå ∑’ˇ¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ „πÀâÕß©ÿ°‡©‘π¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈®—ßÀ«—¥ 12 ·Ààß ‚¥¬ ÿà¡ ¿“§≈– 3 ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„™â·∫∫ —¡¿“…≥å‚¥¬°“√ —¡¿“…≥废⢗∫¢’Ë∑’Ë∫“¥‡®Á∫ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈≈– 100 §π √«¡ ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 1,200 §π «‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„™â√âÕ¬≈–·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å chi-square test √–À«à“ß«—π∑’Ë 1 ‡¡…“¬π 2552 ∂÷ßµÿ≈“§¡ 2552 º≈°“√»÷°…“ æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ∫π∂ππ∑“ßµ√ß 61.9% ∂π𠓬À≈—° 29.9% ∂ππ„π™ÿ¡™πÀ¡Ÿà∫â“π ∂π𠓬√Õß 24.8% à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ‡æ»™“¬ Õ¬Ÿà„π°≈ÿà¡Õ“¬ÿ 19-30 ªï 37% ·≈–Õ“¬ÿµË”°«à“ 15 ªï ¡’ 7% Õ“¬ÿµË” ÿ¥ 9 ªï Ÿß ÿ¥ 82 ªï Õ“™’æ√—∫®â“ß 46% π—°‡√’¬π/π—°»÷°…“ 22% ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë 64.3% À—¥¢—∫‡Õß 54.3% ¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ 31.6% ‰¡à «¡ À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 78.9% ¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡/™¡. 31.1% à«π„À≠ຟ⢗∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈–¢—∫√∂‡√Á« ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ¡“°„π™à«ß 16.00-24.00 π. 41.2% √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ¡’¢π“¥‡°‘π 100 ´’´’ 38.5% „π®”π«πºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë 1,200 §π ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ 20 §π 1.7% à«π„À≠à∫“¥‡®Á∫∫√‘‡«≥·¢π¢“ 56.3% ∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ 37.4% ¡’ºŸâæ‘°“√ 4 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ 0.3% ≈—°…≥– °“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ à«π„À≠à ≈⡇Õß 44.1% ´÷Ëß„π°≈ÿà¡π’È¢—∫√∂‡√Á« 32% ¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“°àÕπ¢—∫ 42.2% ¢—∫√∂¡◊Õ‡¥’¬« 4% ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 84.2% ¢Õß√∂∑’Ë≈⡇Õß ·≈–æ∫«à“ºŸâ∑’Ë¢—∫√∂≈⡇Õß∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“®–‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 100% 惵‘°√√¡ ‡ ’ˬߢÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫惵‘°√√¡°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“, °“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬, °“√¢—∫√∂‡√Á«, °“√‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë Õ¬à“ß ¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘„π∑‘»∑“ß∫«°∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ 20 §π ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 19 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 95 ∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë §Õ·≈–»’√…– 15 §π „π°≈ÿà¡π’ȉ¡à «¡À¡«°∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 75 ¢ÕߺŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ ·≈–惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬߢÕߺŸâ∑’ˇ ’¬™’«‘µ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫惵‘°√√¡°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“, ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬, ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë·≈–¢—∫√∂‡√Á« Õ¬à“ß¡’«‘π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘„π ∑‘»∑“ß∫«°∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.5 √ÿª·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–‡™‘ßπ‚¬∫“¬ Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ®“°√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå à«π„À≠à‡°‘¥®“°æƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß ¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈–¢—∫√∂‡√Á« √—∞∫“≈§«√„Àâ§«“¡ ”§—≠°—∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√„™â√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå¢ÕߺŸâ ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¡’Õ“¬ÿπâÕ¬„Àâ¡“°¢÷Èπ·≈–∫—ß§—∫„™â°ÆÀ¡“¬„À⇢⡢âπ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¡“°¢÷Èπ √«¡∑—Èߪ√—∫ª√ÿß√–∫∫°“√ÕÕ°„∫¢—∫¢’Ë „Àâ¡’§ÿ≥¿“欑Ëߢ÷Èπ ‚¥¬„Àâ¡’°“√Õ∫√¡°“√¢—∫¢’ËÕ¬à“ߪ≈Õ¥¿—¬ ”À√—∫ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë¡◊Õ„À¡à°àÕπÕÕ°„∫Õπÿ≠“µ¢—∫¢’Ë·≈–§«√·°â‰¢ °ÆÀ¡“¬°“√¢Õ√—∫„∫Õπÿ≠“µ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå 90 CC „π°≈ÿà¡Õ“¬ÿ 15 ªï¢÷Èπ‰ª ´÷Ëßªí®®ÿ∫—π‰¡à¡’·≈â«¡’·µà 100 CC ¢÷Èπ‰ª ‚¥¬Õ“®‡æ‘ˡՓ¬ÿ ”À√—∫°“√¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë√∂ 100 CC ‡ªìπ 18 ªï ‡ªìπµâπ §” ”§—≠ : Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ®√“®√ √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå, ∂‘µ‘Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ, ‡¡“·≈â«¢—∫, À¡«°π‘√¿—¬, 惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß. 56 «“√ “√‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¡À“ “√§“¡ ªï ∑’Ë 7 ©∫— ∫ ∑’Ë 4 °ÿ ¡ ¿“æ— π ∏å - ‡¡…“¬π 2554 ∫∑π” „πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬¡’Õ∫ÿ µ— ‡‘ Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå‡ªìπ 70-80% ¢ÕßÕÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ®“°¬“πæ“Àπ–∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‡ªì𠓇Àµÿ°“√µ“¬ ¢Õß§π‰∑¬∑—Èß™“¬·≈–À≠‘߉¡àπâÕ¬°«à“ªï≈–Àπ÷ËßÀ¡◊Ëπ§π µàÕ‡π◊ËÕ߇ªìπ∑»«√√…1 (®“°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢Õßµ”√«®·Ààß™“µ‘) ®“°°“√»÷°…“∑“ß«‘™“°“√ æ∫«à“ √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå‡ªìπ æ“Àπ–∑’Ë¡’Õ—µ√“§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ Ÿß°«à“ ¬“πæ“Àπ–ª√–‡¿∑Õ◊ËπÊ À“°‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫°“√‡¥‘π∑“ß ¥â«¬√∂‰ø √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå®–¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√‡°‘¥ Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ¡“°°«à“∂÷ß 100 ‡∑à“ ·≈– Ÿß¡“°°«à“√∂¬πµå∂÷ß 17 ‡∑à“2 ®“°°“√«‘ ‡ §√“–Àå ∞ “π¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ Õÿ ∫— µ‘ ‡ Àµÿ ¢ Õߢâ Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ Injury Sarvillance (IS) ¢Õß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¢Õπ·°àπ ªï 1997-2008 æ∫«à“ √∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå¡’Õ—µ√“°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ∑“ß∂ππ ¡“°°«à“¬“πæ“Àπ–™π‘¥Õ◊πË Ê ‚¥¬¡’Õµ— √“°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫µ— ‡‘ Àµÿ ªï≈–ª√–¡“≥ 75.87%-81.60% ´÷Ëß à«π„À≠à¡’Õ“™’æ√—∫®â“ß ·≈–√Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡π—°‡√’¬π/π—°»÷°…“ ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“ ∂÷ßæƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬ߄π°“√¢—∫¢’Ë æ∫«à“ ¡’Õ—µ√“°“√¥◊Ë¡·≈â« ¢—∫ Ÿß∂÷ß 36.64%-45.89% ·≈–æ∫«à“¡’Õ—µ√“µ“¬„π°≈ÿà¡ ¥◊Ë¡·≈â«¢—∫ Ÿß°«à“°≈ÿà¡∑’ˉ¡à¡’°“√¥◊Ë¡·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å ∑ÿ°Ê ªï à«π°“√ «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ æ∫«à“ à«π¡“°ºŸâ¢—∫¢’ˉ¡à «¡ À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ Ÿß∂÷ß 72.16%-86.43% ´÷Ëß¡’Õ—µ√“°“√µ“¬„π °≈ÿࡉ¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏åµàÕÕ—µ√“°“√µ“¬ Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ 0.05 3 ®“° ∂‘µ‘¥—ß°≈à“« ®–‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√·°âªí≠À“Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂ ®— ° √¬“π¬πµå ¡’ § «“¡®”‡ªì π Õ¬à “ ߬‘Ë ß ∑’Ë ® –µâ Õ ß≈ß¡◊ Õ ∑” Õ¬à“߇√àߥà«π ∑—ßÈ „π¥â“π°“√§âπÀ“Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿ„â π¥â“π«‘™“°“√ ·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√ Õß§å§«“¡√Ÿâπ—Èπ𔉪 Ÿà°“√·°â‰¢ ·≈–ªÑÕß°—πªí≠À“Õ¬à“ß·∑â®√‘ß ®÷ß„Àâ»÷°…“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√ ∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå¢÷Èπ «—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å 1. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“ ¿“æªí≠À“°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫·≈–‡ ’¬™’«‘µ ®“°°“√¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå 2. «‘‡§√“–ÀåÀ“ªí®®—¬∑’˰àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫·≈– ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ®“°°“√¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß ªí®®—¬‡À≈à“π—πÈ µàÕ°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫µ— ‡‘ Àµÿ·≈–§«“¡√ÿπ·√ß„π°“√ ∫“¥‡®Á∫·≈–‡ ’¬™’«‘µ 3. §âπÀ“¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–¥â“π°“√«“ß·ºππ‚¬∫“¬ ·≈–·π«∑“ß„π°“√ªÑÕß°—π·≈–·°â‰¢ªí≠À“‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√ ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ °“√»÷°…“§√—ßÈ π’‡È ªìπ°“√ ”√«®·≈–«‘®¬— ‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Deseriptive Survey) ‚¥¬»÷ ° …“®“°°≈ÿà ¡ ºŸâ ¢— ∫ ¢’Ë √ ∂ ®—°√¬“π¬πµå ∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå ¿“¬„π 24 ™—Ë«‚¡ß °àÕπ∂÷ß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈∑’ˇ¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“ ∑’ËÀâÕß©ÿ°‡©‘π‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ‚¥¬°“√ ÿà¡Õ¬à“ßßà“¬ (Simple random Sampling) ´÷Ëß ÿà¡®“°‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¢π“¥„À≠à¢Õß ®—ßÀ«—¥·µà≈–¿“§ ¿“§≈– 3 ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ´÷Ëߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈π§√»√’ ∏ √√¡√“™ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈°√–∫’Ë ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈À“¥„À≠à ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¢Õπ·°àπ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ π§√√“™ ’¡“ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈Õÿ¥√∏“π’ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈‡®â“æ√–¬“ ¬¡√“™ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈æ√–ª°‡°≈ⓜ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈™≈∫ÿ√’ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ‡™’¬ß√“¬ª√–™“πÿ‡§√“–Àå ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈π§√ æ‘ß§å ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈æÿ∑∏™‘π√“™ ‚¥¬„™â·∫∫ —¡¿“…≥å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫ ®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå ‚¥¬‡°Á∫‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈≈– 100 §π ·∫à߇ªìπºŸâªÉ«¬„π®”π«π 70 §π ºŸâªÉ«¬πÕ° ®”π«π 30 §π √«¡ 1,200 §π ®“° 12 ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ º≈°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬ ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå‡ªìπ ‡æ»™“¬ √âÕ¬≈– 70.3 (843 §π) ·≈–‡æ»À≠‘ß√âÕ¬≈– 29.7 (357 §π) à«π„À≠àÕ¬Ÿà„π°≈ÿà¡Õ“¬ÿ 19-30 ªï 37% (444 §π) √Õß≈ß¡“ °≈ÿà¡Õ“¬ÿ 31-40 ªï 16.2% (194 §π) ·≈–æ∫«à“ ‡¥Á°µË”°«à“ 15 ªï ¡’ 7.1% (85 §π) µË” ÿ¥ 9 ªï ·≈–Õ“¬ÿ‡°‘π 60 ªï 5% (60 §π) Ÿß ÿ¥ 82 ªï à«π„À≠à¡’Õ“™’æ√—∫®â“ß 46% (552 §π) √Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìππ—°‡√’¬π / π—°»÷°…“ 22% (264 §π) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“Õ“¬ÿ°“√„™âß“π¢Õß√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’Ë ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à¡’Õ“¬ÿ°“√„™âß“π 1-5 ªï √âÕ¬≈– 55.5% (666 §—π) √Õß≈ß¡“µË”°«à“ 1 ªï 21% (255 §—π) ·≈–„™â¡“°°«à“ 10 ªï 4.5% (56 §—π) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“∂÷ß §«“¡·√ߢÕß√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå (CC) æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à√∂∑’Ë ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ ‡ªìπ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå√–¥—∫ 100 CC ¢÷Èπ‰ª MAHASARAKHAM HOPITAL JOURNAL Vol. 7 No. 4 Fabruary - April 2011 57 32.9% (463 §—π) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“∂÷ß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π°“√¢—∫¢’Ë æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠àÀ—¥¢—∫¢’ˇÕß 54.3% (652 §π) æàÕ ·¡à À√◊Õ ≠“µ‘ Õπ„Àâ 32.5% (390 §π) ‡æ◊ËÕπ Õπ„Àâ 13% (156 §π) ‡¢â“‚√߇√’¬π Õπ¢—∫¢’·Ë ≈–Õ∫√¡¢—∫¢’ªË ≈Õ¥¿—¬¡’ 0.2% (2 §π) ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√¢—∫¢’Ë æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¡“°°«à“ 10 ªï 52.9% (635 §π) √Õß≈ß¡“ 5-10 ªï 20.9% (251 §π) µË”°«à“ 1 ªï 4.1% (49 §π) ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë 64.3% (772 §π) 惵‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß æ∫«à“ ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’Ë ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ ¥◊Ë¡·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å 31.6% (379 §π) ‰¡à «¡ À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 78.9% (947 §π) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“∂÷ß “‡Àµÿ¢Õß°“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ °√“ø∑’Ë 1 √âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬®”·π°µ“¡‡Àµÿº≈ ‰¡à «¡À¡«° 42 §π 4.4% °≈“ß§◊π¡Õ߉¡à™—¥ 38 §π 4.0% ‰¡à «¡‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡¡“ 15 §π 1.6% º¡‡ ’¬∑√ß/√”§“≠ 83 §π 8.8% ‰¡à «¡‡¥‘π∑“߉¡à‰°≈ 769 §π 81.2% ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ ‰¡à «¡¡«°π‘√¿—¬‡æ√“–‡¥‘π∑“߉¡à‰°≈ 81.2% °“√¢—∫√∂‡√Á« æ∫«à“ ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’Ë∫“¥‡®Á∫¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π°ÆÀ¡“¬°”Àπ¥ (¡“°°«à“ 80 °¡./™¡.) 31.1% (373 §π) ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 ®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡™à«ß‡«≈“∑’ˇ°‘¥·≈–惵‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß ™à«ß‡«≈“/ 惵‘°√√¡ ™à«ß‡«≈“(§π(%) √«¡ (%) 08.01-12.00 π. 12.01-16.00π. 16.01-20.00π. 20.01-24.00π. 00.01-04.00π. 04.01-08.00π. - ¥◊Ë¡·≈â«¢—∫ 53(14) - ¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π°”Àπ¥ 63(16.9) ¡“°°«à“ 80 °¡./™¡. - ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 199(21) - ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë 146(18.9) 51(13.5) 74(19.8) 82(21.6) 65(17.4) 86(22.7) 54(14.5) 54(14.2) 62(16.6) 53(14) 55(14.8) 379(100) 373(100) 206(21.8) 183(23.7) 207(21.9) 150(19.4) 157(16.6) 119(15.4) 90(9.5) 80(10.4) 88(14.8) 94(9.2) 947(100) 772(100) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“∂÷ß™à«ß‡«≈“∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ·≈–惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬߡ“°°«à“ 1 Õ¬à“ß ¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ æ∫«à“ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë ∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈–¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥„π™à«ß‡«≈“ 12.01-16.00 π. §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 20.6 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 58 «“√ “√‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¡À“ “√§“¡ ªï ∑’Ë 7 ©∫— ∫ ∑’Ë 4 °ÿ ¡ ¿“æ— π ∏å - ‡¡…“¬π 2554 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 ®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡™à«ß‡«≈“∑’ˇ°‘¥·≈–惵‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß 2 Õ¬à“ß ™à«ß‡«≈“(§π(%) ™à«ß‡«≈“/惵‘°√√¡ √«¡ (%) ‡ ’ˬß√à«¡°—π 08.01-12.00 π. 12.01-16.00π. 16.01-20.00π. 20.01-24.00π. 00.01-04.00π. 04.01-08.00π. - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈– 32(13.7) 38(16.3) ¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈– 34(15.5) 29(13.2) ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈– 28(21) 32(13.6) ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¢—∫√∂‡√Á« 40 (13.1) 68(22.2) ‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. ·≈–‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 27(11) 42(17.1) 80 °¡./™¡. ·≈–‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë - ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˉ¡à «¡À¡«° 106(18.5) 118(20.6) π‘√¿—¬·≈–‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë 47(20.2) 49(21) 38(16.3) 29(12.5) 233(100) 52(23.6) 46(20.9) 32(14.5) 27(12.3) 220(100) 47(19.9) 53(22.5) 46(19.5) 30(12.7) 236(100) 52(17) 49(16) 52(17) 45(14.7) 306(100) 53(21.6) 47(19.2) 40(16.3) 36(14.8) 245(100) 99(17.2) 99(17.2) 87(15.2) 65(11.3) 574(100) ≈—°…≥–¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ æ∫«à“ ºŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂ ®—°√¬“π¬πµå à«π„À≠à≈⡇Õß 44.1% (529 §π) √Õß≈ß¡“ ™π°—π √∂¬πµå 30.8% (370 §π) ‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ∫π∂ππ à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ∑“ßµ√ß 61.8% (743 §π) æ◊Èπº‘«∂ππ‡√’¬∫ 79.7% (957 §π) à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ∂ππ≈“¥¬“ß 63.8% (76.6 §π) à«π„À≠à‡°‘¥∫π∂ππ∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ 48.9% (587 §π) ∂ππ∑“ßÀ≈«ß 29.9% (359 §π) ∂ππ∑“ßÀ≈«ß™π∫∑ 20.4% (245 §π) °√“ø∑’Ë 2 √âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡Õ«—¬«–∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ °≈ÿà¡°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫À≈“¬ à«π 3 §π 0.2% °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…– 433 §π 36.1% °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥µâπ§Õ 15 §π 1.3% °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥Õ° 34 §π 2.8% °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥·¢π-¢“ 675 §π 56.3% °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥∑âÕß à«π≈à“ß 40 §π 3.3% Õ«—¬«–∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå à«π„À≠à‰¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥·¢π¢“ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 56.3 √Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπ°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë»’√…– √âÕ¬≈– 36.1 MAHASARAKHAM HOPITAL JOURNAL Vol. 7 No. 4 Fabruary - April 2011 59 °√“ø∑’Ë 3 √âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡ ¿“æ∑’ËÕÕ°®“°‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ 20 §π 1.7% °“√ àßµàÕ 24 §π 2.0% Ÿ≠‡ ’¬Õ«—¬«– ‡™àπ ¥«ßµ“ ·¢π ¢“ 4 §π 0.3% ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√√—°…“ 16 §π 1.3% √Õ¥™’«‘µ·µà Ÿ≠‡ ’¬¿“æ≈—°…≥å 95 §π 7.9% ºŸâªÉ«¬Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ßπÕπ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ 9 §π 0.8% √Õ¥™’«µ‘ ·≈–‰¡à ≠ Ÿ ‡ ’¬Õ«—¬«– 1,032 §π 86.0% ∂“π¿“æ‡¡◊ËÕÕÕ°®“°‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈ (¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¿“¬„π 30«—π®“°«—π∑’ˇ¢â“√—°…“µ—«„π‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈) ºŸ¢â ∫— ¢’∑Ë ‡’Ë °‘¥Õÿ∫µ— ‡‘ Àµÿ «à π„À≠à√Õ¥™’«µ‘ ·≈–‰¡à ≠ Ÿ ‡ ’¬ Õ«—¬«– §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 86 √Õß≈ß¡“ §◊Õ √Õ¥™’«‘µ·µà‡ ’¬ ¿“æ≈—°…≥å (‡™à𠇥‘π‰¡à –¥«°µâÕß„™â‰¡â§È”¬—π π‘È«¢“¥ ‡¢â“‡ΩóÕ°¥“¡·¢π ‡ªìπµâπ) §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 7.9 „π°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë¡’ ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 20 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 1.7 Ÿ≠‡ ’¬Õ«—¬«– (‡™àπ ·¢π¢“¥ 1 §π µ—¥¢“µ—Èß·µà∫√‘‡«≥‡¢à“ 3 §π) ®”π«π 4 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 0.3 ·≈–¬—ßÕ¬Ÿà√—°…“µ—«µàÕ (µ—¥¬Õ¥∑’Ë 30 «—π) Õ’° 9 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 0.8 ·≈–ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë àßµàÕ‰ª √—°…“¬—ß‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈Õ◊Ëπ·≈–‰¡à ¡—§√„®√—°…“Õ’° 40 §π §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 3.3 ‡¡◊ËÕ»÷°…“∂÷ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˉ¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë °—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬßÕ◊ËπÊ æ∫«à“ 1. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√‰¡à¡„’ ∫¢—∫¢’°Ë ∫— °“√¢—∫ √∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.006) „π∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 2. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√‰¡à¡„’ ∫¢—∫¢’°Ë ∫— 惵‘°√√¡ °“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.001) „π∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 3. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°“√‰¡à¡„’ ∫¢—∫¢’°Ë ∫— 惵‘°√√¡ °“√¥◊Ë¡·≈â«¢—∫¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ ∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05(P-value 0.024) „π∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 60 «“√ “√‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¡À“ “√§“¡ ªï ∑’Ë 7 ©∫— ∫ ∑’Ë 4 °ÿ ¡ ¿“æ— π ∏å - ‡¡…“¬π 2554 ‡¡◊ËÕ»÷°…“∂÷ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ æ∫«à“ 1. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßæƒµ‘°√√¡°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“°—∫ 惵‘°√√¡°“√¢—∫‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—π Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.002) „π ∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 2. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßæƒµ‘°√√¡°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“°—∫ 惵‘ ° √√¡°“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘ √ ¿— ¬ ¡’ § «“¡ — ¡ æ— π ∏å °— π Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.000) „π ∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 3. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßæƒµ‘°√√¡°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“°—∫ 惵‘ ° √√¡°“√¢— ∫ √∂‰¡à ‡ ªî ¥ ‰øÀπâ “ ¡’ § «“¡ — ¡ æ— π ∏å °— π Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.028) „π ∑‘»∑“ß∫«° ‡¡◊ËÕ»÷°…“∂÷ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’Ë¢—∫√∂‡√Á« ‡°‘π 80 °¡./™¡. æ∫«à“惵‘°√√¡°“√¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡./ ™¡. °—∫°“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’ π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫π—¬ ”§—≠ 0.05 ¡’ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ ®“°Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë3 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3 ®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–·≈–√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå∑’ˇ ’¬™’«‘µ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ®”π«π (√âÕ¬≈–) √âÕ¬≈– 17 3 85 15 2 7 4 2 3 2 10 35 20 10 15 10 5 2 13 25 10 65 3 3 10 4 15 15 50 20 15 4 1 75 20 5 13 7 65 35 1 19 5 95 9 11 45 55 4 16 20 80 ‡æ» - ™“¬ - À≠‘ß Õ“¬ÿ - 15 - 18 ªï - 19 - 30 ªï - 31 - 40 ªï - 41 - 50 ªï - 51 - 60 ªï - ¡“°°«à“ 60 ªï ª√– ∫°“√≥å°“√¢—∫¢’Ë - 1 - 5 ªï - 5 - 10 ªï - ¡“°°«à“ 10 ªï ºŸâ∑’Ë Õπ¢—∫¢’Ë - ≠“µ‘ æàÕ ·¡à §√Õ∫§√—« - ‡æ◊ËÕπ - À—¥¢—∫‡Õß - Õ◊ËπÊ °“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ - ∑“ß»’√…–·≈–§Õ - ∫√‘‡«≥Õ° - ∫√‘‡«≥∑âÕß à«π≈à“ß æƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß - °“√¥◊Ë¡‡À≈â“ - ¥◊Ë¡ - ‰¡à¥◊Ë¡ - °“√ «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ - «¡ - ‰¡à «¡ - °“√¢—∫√∂‡√Á« - µË”°«à“À√◊Õ‡∑à“°—∫ 80 °¡./™¡. - ¡“°°«à“ 80 °¡./™¡. - „∫¢—∫¢’Ë - ¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë - ‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë MAHASARAKHAM HOPITAL JOURNAL Vol. 7 No. 4 Fabruary - April 2011 61 ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“∂÷ßÕ«—¬«–∑’Ë∫“¥‡®Á∫¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë∑’ˇ°‘¥ ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬‡≈¬ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 100 ¢ÕߺŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ·≈–‡ ’¬™’«‘µ°—∫°“√ «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ æ∫«à“ ºŸâ∑’Ë ∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ·≈–‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬·≈–ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ∑’Ë ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ ¡’®”π«π 15 §π ·≈– «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë™àÕß∑âÕß 1 §π ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 4 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 4 ®”π«π¢ÕߺŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ∑’ˇªìπºŸâ¢—∫¢’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡°“√ «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬·≈–Õ«—¬«–∑“ß°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ °“√ «¡ À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ ‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ √«¡ Õ«—¬«–∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∫“¥‡®Á∫ √«¡ ∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§Õ 15 0 15 ∑’Ë∑√«ßÕ° 4 0 4 ‡¡◊ËÕ»÷°…“∂÷ßæƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬ߷≈–°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘µæ∫«à“ 1. ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ∑’ˉ¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å °—∫°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…–·≈–§ÕÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ ∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 (P-value 0.026) „π∑‘»∑“ß∫«° 2. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π°≈ÿ¡à ºŸ‡â ’¬™’«µ‘ °—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß °“√‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ (P-value 0.001), °“√¢—∫√∂‡√Á« (P-value 0.04), °“√‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë (P-value 0.04), °“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ (P-value 0.003) ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π∑‘»∑“ß∫«°Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 ™àÕß∑âÕß 0 1 1 19 1 20 3. §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π°≈ÿ¡à ºŸ‡â ’¬™’«µ‘ ∑’¡Ë ª’ √– ∫°“√≥å °“√¢—∫¢’Ë¡“°°«à“ 10 ªï °—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬ߰“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ °“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ ‰¡à «¡°¡«°π‘√¿—¬ ¢—∫√∂‡√Á«‡°‘π 80 °¡. ‰¡à ¡’ „ ∫¢— ∫ ¢’Ë ¡’ § «“¡ — ¡ æ— π ∏å „ π∑‘ » ∑“ß∫«°Õ¬à “ ß¡’ π— ¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05 ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“„π™à«ßÕ“¬ÿ 1518 ªï ¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ à«π„À≠à‰¡à «¡À¡«°π‘√¿—¬ 87.5% ¥◊Ë¡·≈â«¢—∫ 76.1% ¢—∫‡√Á« 41.5% ·≈–‰¡à¡’„∫¢—∫¢’Ë 76.7% ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 5 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 5 ®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–¢ÕߺŸâ¢—∫¢’Ë„π°≈ÿà¡ 15-18 ªï ∑’ˇ°‘¥Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿœ ‚¥¬®”·π°µ“¡æƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß „∫¢—∫¢’Ë §«“¡‡√Á« ¡’ ‰¡à¡’ √«¡ <80CC >80CC √«¡ 15-18 ªï 41 135 176 103 73 176 √âÕ¬≈– 23.3 76.7 100 58.5 41.5 100 ™à«ß Õ“¬ÿ 62 «“√ “√‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¡À“ “√§“¡ ªï ∑’Ë 7 ©∫— ∫ ∑’Ë 4 °ÿ ¡ ¿“æ— π ∏å - 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