A Study of Youthûs† Knowledge and Attitudes† towards† Sexual

«‘™“°“√
A Study of Youthûs† Knowledge and
Attitudes† towards† Sexual† Risk Behaviors,
Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province
Klangploy Ueawvithavasuporn
Onnicha Pomountip
Social medicine Devision Maharat Hospital, Nakhon Ratchasima.
Abstract
This cross-section descriptive research aims to study the youthûs knowledge and attitudes towards sexual risk
behaviors in Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The target population of the study was chosen by using
stratified sampling and systematic sampling technique; 382 secondary school students from 5 secondary schools in
Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The data were collected by questionnaires from August to September
2011.The statistics used for the analysis of the general data were frequency distribution, percentage, Standard Deviation (SD) means (X).† Frequency count and Standard Deviation (SD)†
The results of the study revealed that was shown the 64.40 percent of female teenage (SD 1.6 from MINI
11 years old and MAX 18 years† average† grade 2.73 They stay with their parents 77.20 percent. percent. the youth
had ever† sexual† intercourse 17.0 percent.†
The youthûs knowledge of sexual risk behaviors were at the low level of 30.40 percent. The average score
of the questionnaire was 16.09 out of 30.00. In other words, their knowledge of sexual risk behavior was rather poor.
The youthûs right knowledge sexual intercourse didnût used condom the 87.7 percent. The youth are particularly
infected transmission disease. The 75.9 percent. The youthûs wrong knowledge about touching hands hugging
cuddling.† The risk of sexually transmission disease (STD) from sharing contenders† ex. Gonorrhea, Venereal disease,
Syphilis, & AIDS† etc. The† 68.3 percent wrong about answer Condoms can prevent 100 percent of sexually transmission
disease.
However, their attitude towards sexual risk behavior was satisfactorily high 62.80 percent. The average means
was 4.33 out of 5.† They were aware that having sexual relationship with more than one mate was more risky for
contacting AIDS than that with one single mate and that it was acceptable in Thai culture for men to have sexual
relationship before getting married. The average means were 4.16 and 3.74 respectively. In addition, it was found from
the analysis that another sexual risk attitude showed that they disapproved the idea of having an abortion as the best†
way to solve the problem in case of unintentional pregnancy. This means of the youth disapproval was 4.42. Furthermore,
the means of youthûs attitude towards the rejection of the use of condoms with his or her sleeping mate was as high as
4.12 while the means of the use of condoms with prostitute was 4.06 respectively.
MAHASARAKHAM HOSPITAL JOURNAL
Vol. 8 No. 3 November - December 2011
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As a result, it can be concluded that most of the students in the study were found to have poor knowledge
about sex and sexual relationship. However, their attitude towards sex and sexual relation was relatively high. This
means they have good attitude towards prevention of sexual risk behaviors. To solve this problem, the school should
teach the students about sex and sexual relationship with appropriate contents so that they can deal with it appropriately
and that they can avoid risk sexual behaviors. Additionally, the parents should pay more attention to their children and
teach their children about sex so that their children understand† how to behave and can think critically and find
appropriate solutions to their problems. These measures are for the children to avoid risk sexual behavior from having
sexual relationship. These suggestions will be able to solve youth sexual problem.
Keywords : Knowledge and Attitudes, Sexual Risk Behaviors, Youth
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µ—«∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ𔉪 Ÿà°“√¡’惵‘°√√¡∑“߇æ»Õ¬à“ß
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∑—»π§µ‘∑µË’ Õà µàÕ惵‘°√√¡ ÿ¢¿“æ °“√¡’§“à π‘¬¡∑’¥Ë „’ π™’«µ‘
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ß“π à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ®÷ß π„®∑’Ë®–»÷°…“‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–
∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß
®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ’¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕπ”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â‰ª‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß„π
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惵‘°√√¡ (Behavior) À¡“¬∂÷ß °‘√¬‘ “Õ“°“√· ¥ßÕÕ°
∑ÿ°√Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß ‘ßË ¡’™«’ µ‘ ‡æ◊ÕË µÕ∫ πÕßµàÕ ‘ßË ‡√â“ ∑—ßÈ ¿“¬πÕ°
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¡’ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“∑’Ë· ¥ßÕÕ°„π‡√◊ËÕ߇æ»∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π√–À«à“߇æ»
µ√ߢⓡ†
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— ¡ æ— π ∏ÿå °— 𠧫“¡√Ÿâ ‡ °’Ë ¬ «°— ∫ 惵‘ ° √√¡‡ ’Ë ¬ ß∑“߇æ»
À¡“¬∂÷ß ¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ
∑—Èß∑“ßµ√ß·≈–∑“ßÕâÕ¡ ¢Õßπ—°‡√’¬π¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ ‚¥¬
«—¥®“°·∫∫∑¥ Õ∫∑’˺Ÿâ»÷°…“ √â“ߢ÷Èπ®“°°“√∑∫∑«π
«√√≥°√√¡∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‰¥â·°à °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏åµ—Èß·µàÕ“¬ÿ
πâÕ¬ °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºŸâ¢“¬∫√‘°“√ °“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈–
„™â “√‡ 浑¥ °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å‚¥¬‰¡à„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬
·≈–°“√¡’§ŸàπÕπÀ≈“¬§π
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∑’Ë ‡ ªì π º≈®“°ª√– ∫°“√≥å ° “√‡√’ ¬ π√Ÿâ ∑’Ë ‡ °’Ë ¬ «¢â Õ ß°— ∫
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∑—»π§µ‘∑’˺Ÿâ»÷°…“‰¥â √â“ߢ÷Èπ®“°°“√∑∫∑«π«√√≥°√√¡∑’Ë
‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß ‰¥â·°à °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å‚¥¬‰¡à„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬
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√Ÿª·∫∫°“√»÷°…“ °“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬§√—Èßπ’ȇªìπ°“√«‘®—¬
‡™‘ß ”√«®¿“§µ—¥¢«“ß (Cross-sectional survey research)
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ª√–™“°√∑’Ë»÷°…“ «—¬√ÿàπ„π‚√߇√’¬π¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ ®”π«π††
27,625 §π 12 ‚√߇√’ ¬ π „π‡¢µÕ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊ Õ ß†®— ß À«— ¥
π§√√“™ ’¡“ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë»÷°…“ ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß‚¥¬°“√ ÿà¡
·∫∫·∫àß™—Èπ (Stratified Sampling) ‰¥â 5 ‚√߇√’¬π ®“°π—Èπ
„™â°“√ ÿࡇ≈◊Õ°ÀâÕ߇√’¬π‚¥¬„™â°“√ ÿà¡Õ¬à“ßßà“¬ (Simple
Random Sampling) ‡≈◊Õ°ºŸâµÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‚¥¬„™â°“√
ÿà¡Õ¬à“ß¡’√–∫∫ (Systematic Sampling)
§”π«≥¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ß ‚¥¬‡≈◊Õ°„™âº≈°“√»÷°…“
‡√◊ËÕß æƒµ‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿà𙓬 „π‚√߇√’¬π
“¬ “¡—≠ ®—ßÀ«—¥ ߢ≈“·≈–æ—∑≈ÿß7 §à“‡©≈’ˬ§–·ππ
§«“¡√Ÿâ惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ √âÕ¬≈– .30†
†††††††††
Ÿµ√§”π«≥¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“߆
n = ¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“߆†
Z = §à“ ∂‘µ¡‘ “µ√∞“π„µâ‚§âߪ°µ‘∑Ë’ C = 0.05, C/2 = 0.025††
ZC/2 = 1.96
P† = —¥ à«π§«“¡√Ÿ‡â √◊ÕË ß惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß∑“ß‡æ» ‡∑à“°—∫ 0.30
d† = §«“¡§≈“¥‡§≈◊Ë Õ π∑’Ë ¬ Õ¡√— ∫ „Àâ ‡ °‘ ¥ ¢÷È π „π°“√
ª√–¡“≥§à“ —¥ à«π d = 0.05
n† = (1.96)2 x .30 x .7 = 322.69
(0.05)2
‰¥â¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’ Ë “¡“√∂‡ªìπµ—«·∑π¢Õߪ√–™“°√
Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥‡∑à“°—∫ 323 §π
‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√«‘®—¬
† † † † ‡§√◊ÕË ß¡◊Õ∑’„Ë ™â„π°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„π§√—ßÈ π’‡È ªìπ·∫∫
Õ∫∂“¡∑’˺Ÿâ«‘®—¬ √â“ߢ÷Èπ‡Õß ‚¥¬¡’‡π◊ÈÕÀ“ 3 à«π ‰¥â·°à
¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—«Ë ‰ª¢Õß«—¬√ÿπà † §«“¡√Ÿ‡â °’¬Ë «°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß∑“߇æ»
∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“ß‡æ» °“√µ√«® Õ∫
§«“¡µ√ßµ“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ (content validity) ‚¥¬
π”·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ „À⺟â∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘‡ªìπºŸâæ‘®“√≥“µ√«® Õ∫
§«“¡µ√߇π◊ÈÕÀ“ §«“¡∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇À¡“– ¡¢Õß¿“…“ ®”π«π
3 ∑à“π ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ºŸâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘ ¥â“π°“√«‘®—¬®”π«π 2
∑à“π ·≈–ºŸâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“πªÑÕß°—π惵‘°√√¡
‡ ’ˬß∑“ß‡æ» 1 ∑à“π À≈—ß®“°π—Èππ”·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡¡“À“
¥—™π’§«“¡µ√߇π◊ÈÕÀ“ (content validity index) °“√À“§à“
§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ (reliability) ºŸâ»÷°…“𔇧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ
∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢‰ª„™â„π°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß
®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ’¡“ ®”π«π 30 §π ·≈–π”¡“∑¥ Õ∫
§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ ‚¥¬·∫∫«—¥§«“¡√Ÿâ„™â KR-20 ‰¥â§à“§«“¡
‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ .8286 ·∫∫«—¥∑—»π§µ‘„™â —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï·∫∫Õ—≈øÉ“
(cronbachûs Alpha Coefficien) ‰¥â§à“§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ .8477
®√‘¬∏√√¡°“√«‘®—¬†ºŸâ«‘®—¬·≈–§≥– ‰¥â àß‚§√ß√à“ß«‘®—¬„Àâ
MAHASARAKHAM HOSPITAL JOURNAL
Vol. 8 No. 3 November - December 2011
23
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∑“ß‡æ» ¡’®”π«π 24 ¢âÕ «‘‡§√“–Àå‚¥¬°“√·®°·®ß§«“¡∂’Ë
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∑’ˉ¥â‡∑’¬∫‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– ®“°§–·ππ‡µÁ¡ ¥—ßπ’È
‰¥â§–·ππ¡“°°«à“√âÕ¬≈– 80 ¢÷Èπ‰ª
‰¥â§–·ππ√–À«à“ß√âÕ¬≈– 70 - 79
‰¥â§–·ππ√–À«à“ß√âÕ¬≈– 60 - 69
‰¥â§–·πππâÕ¬°«à“À√◊Õ‡∑à“°—∫ √âÕ¬≈– 59†
(§–·ππ¡“°°«à“ 20)
(§–·ππ√–À«à“ß 17 - 19)
(§–·ππ√–À«à“ß 15 - 16)
(§–·πππâÕ¬°«à“ 14)
¥â“π∑—»π§µ‘ ¡’®”π«π 24 ¢âÕ ≈—°…≥–§”µÕ∫‡ªìπ¡“µ√“ à«πª√–‡¡‘π§à“ (rating scale) 5 √–¥—∫ ‚¥¬¡’‡°≥±å „π
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¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—«Ë ‰ª °≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“߇ªìπ‡æ»À≠‘ß √âÕ¬≈– 64 .4††
·≈–‡æ»™“¬ √âÕ¬≈– 35.6 ‚¥¬¡’Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’ˬ 15.03 (Õ“¬ÿ
µË” ÿ¥ 11 ªï Ÿß ÿ¥ 18 ªï† §à“‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π 1.6) ‡ªìπ
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√âÕ¬≈– 10.2 ‰¥â√—∫‡ß‘π§à“„™â®à“¬‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 2009.37 ∫“∑
§à“„™â®“à ¬¢Õß°≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à‰¥â√∫— ®“°∫‘¥“¡“√¥“
√âÕ¬≈– 86.6 ·≈–®“°≠“µ‘ √âÕ¬≈– 8.6 °“√„™â‡«≈“«à“ߢÕß
°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à„™â‡«≈“„π°“√¥Ÿ‚∑√∑—»πå √âÕ¬≈– 35.6
™à«¬æàÕ·¡à∑”ß“π √âÕ¬≈– 23.6 à«π„À≠à¡’√∂®—°√¬“π¬πµå
„™â √âÕ¬≈– 53.4 ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à¡’‚∑√»—æ∑å¡◊Õ∂◊Õ
√âÕ¬≈– 93.2 °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à¡’‡æ◊ËÕπ π‘∑µà“߇æ»
√âÕ¬≈– 70.9 ·≈–‡§¬¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å √âÕ¬≈– 17 „πºŸâ∑’ˇ§¬
¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏åæ∫«à“¡’°“√„™â∂ßÿ ¬“ßÕπ“¡—¬ √âÕ¬≈– 73.38 ‡§¬
‰¥â√∫— §«“¡√Ÿ‡â √◊ÕË ß‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å·≈–惵‘°√√¡
‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滮“°§√Ÿ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ √âÕ¬≈– 70.7 √Õß≈ß¡“‰¥â√—∫
§«“¡√Ÿ®â “°∑’«’ √âÕ¬≈– 51.3†† ·≈– √âÕ¬≈– 50.0† ‰¥â√∫— §«“¡√Ÿâ
®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢†µ“¡≈”¥—∫
¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇æ»
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∑“ß‡æ» 6 ¥â“π ‰¥â·°à ¥â“π°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏åµ—Èß·µàÕ“¬ÿπâÕ¬
¥â“π°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºŸâ¢“¬∫√‘°“√ ¥â“π°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ ·≈–
°“√„™â “√‡ 浑¥ ¥â“π°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å‚¥¬‰¡à„™â∂ÿ߬“ß
Õπ“¡—¬ ¥â“π°“√¡’§ŸàπÕπÀ≈“¬§π ·≈–¥â“π°“√ªÑÕß°—π
‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å (µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1)
µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 ®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß®”·π°µ“¡√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇æ»
√–¥—∫§–·ππ
§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫µË”
(§–·ππµË”°«à“ 14)†
§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (§–·ππ√–À«à“ß 15-16)
§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¥’
(§–·ππ√–À«à“ß 17-19)
†§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¥’¡“° (§–·ππ¡“°«à“ 20)
†††††††††††††††
√«¡
®”π«π
√âÕ¬≈–
116
70
95
101
382
30.4
18.3
24.9
26.4
100.0
§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ = 16.09 à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π = 4.58 §–·ππ Ÿß ÿ¥‡∑à“°—∫ 24.0 §–·ππµË” ÿ¥‡∑à“°—∫ 0
®“°µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 æ∫«à“°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë»÷°…“¡’§–·ππ
‡©≈’¬Ë §«“¡√Ÿ‡â °’¬Ë «°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß∑“ß‡æ» Õ¬Ÿ„à π√–¥—∫µË”†
√âÕ¬≈– 30.4 √Õß≈ß¡“√–¥—∫¥’¡“° √âÕ¬≈– 26.4 ·≈–√–¥—∫¥’
√âÕ¬≈–†24.9 µ“¡≈”¥—∫
¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—»π§µ‘‡°’¬Ë «°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß∑“ß‡æ» æ∫«à“
°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë»÷°…“ ¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫
惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滂¥¬√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° √âÕ¬≈–†
62.8 √Õß≈ß¡“¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡
‡ ’ˬß∑“߇æ»Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß √âÕ¬≈– 20.7 ·≈–√–¥—∫
¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥†√âÕ¬≈– 8.9 µ“¡≈”¥—∫ (√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2)
MAHASARAKHAM HOSPITAL JOURNAL
Vol. 8 No. 3 November - December 2011
25
µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2†®”π«π·≈–√âÕ¬≈–¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ®”·π°µ“¡√–¥—∫∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡∑“߇æ»
√–¥—∫∑—»π§µ‘
√–¥—∫πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥†
√–¥—∫πâÕ¬††
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√–¥—∫¡“°†† † †
√–¥—∫¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥
(§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 1.00-1.50)
(§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 1.51-2.50)
(§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 2.51-3.50)
(§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 3.51-4.50)
(§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ‡∑à“°—∫ 4.51-5.00)
®”π«π§π
√âÕ¬≈–
0
29
79
240
34
0.0
7.6
20.7
62.8
8.9†
§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ = 3.755 §–·ππµË” ÿ¥ = 1.58 §–·ππ Ÿß ÿ¥ = 4.88 à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π ¡“µ√∞“π 0.68038
Õ¿‘ª√“¬º≈°“√»÷°…“
º≈°“√»÷°…“§«“¡√Ÿ·â ≈–∑—»π§µ‘‡°’¬Ë «°—∫惵‘°√√¡
‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ’¡“†
ºŸâ«‘®—¬Õ¿‘ª√“¬º≈µ“¡«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ ´÷Ëß¡’
√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¥—ßπ’È
1. §«“¡√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“ß‡æ» æ∫«à“
°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à¡’§«“¡√ŸâÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫µË” ´÷ËßÕ∏‘∫“¬
‰¥â«à“† °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇ªìππ—°‡√’¬π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π ∂“π»÷°…“ ·≈–
®“°°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߉¥â§«“¡√Ÿâ¡“®“°§√Ÿ ¡“°
∑’ Ë ¥ÿ √âÕ¬≈– 70.7 √Õß≈ß¡“‰¥â√∫— §«“¡√Ÿ®â “°∑’«’ √âÕ¬≈– 51.3
·≈– √âÕ¬≈– 50.0 ‰¥â√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢†
´÷Ëßªí®®ÿ∫—π ∂“π»÷°…“µâÕßæ—≤π“°“√„À⧫“¡√Ÿâ·°àπ—°‡√’¬π†
„π‡√◊ËÕß惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“ß‡æ» ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ë߇√◊ËÕß
°“√ªÑÕß°—π‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å à«π°“√‡º¬·æ√à
¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√µà“ßÊ ∑“ß ◊ËÕ „πªí®®ÿ∫—π¡’‰¥âÀ≈“¬∑“ß §«√
¡’°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√„™â ◊ËÕ„Àâ‡À¡“– ¡°—∫«—¬√ÿàπ º≈°“√»÷°…“
· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ °“√∑’Ë«—¬√ÿàπ¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ†§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß
„π‡√◊ÕË ß‡æ»»÷°…“ ®–™à«¬„À⫬— √ÿπà √Ÿ®â °— §‘¥«‘‡§√“–Àå À“§”µÕ∫
∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫µ—«‡Õß “¡“√∂∑’Ë®–‡≈◊Õ°¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ
∑“߇滉¥âÕ¬à“ߺŸâ∑’ˇ¢â“„® √Ÿ‡â ∑à“∑—𧫓¡µâÕß°“√¢Õßµπ‡Õ߆
¡’ µ‘ √—∫º‘¥™Õ∫∑—ÈßµàÕµπ‡Õß·≈–§π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß µ≈Õ¥®π
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„π∑“ß≈∫Õ—π‡π◊ËÕß¡“®“°°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏ÿå ‰¡à‡æ≈’ˬßæ≈È”
‡¢â“ Ÿà惵‘°√√¡‡ ’Ë¬ß ‰¡à Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“‡√◊ËÕ߆
惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿà𙓬 „π‚√߇√’¬π “¬
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πÕ°®“°π’È °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß √âÕ¬≈– 68.6 ¬—߇ªìπ«—¬√ÿàπ
26
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ªï∑’Ë 8 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 3 惻®‘°“¬π - ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
µÕπ°≈“ß∑’¡Ë °’ “√‡ª≈’¬Ë π·ª≈ß∑“߇æ»∑’ Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å∑ß—È ‡æ»À≠‘ß
·≈–‡æ»™“¬ àߺ≈„À⇰‘¥§«“¡µâÕß°“√Õ¬“°‡√’¬π√Ÿ‡â °’¬Ë «°—∫
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¢≥–π’È ®÷߇ªìπ‚Õ°“ ∑’Ë∑”„ÀâÀ≠‘ß™“¬„π —ߧ¡‰∑¬ªí®®ÿ∫—π
™“¬À≠‘ß¡’‚Õ°“ „°≈♑¥°—π¡“° µ—Èß·µà„π ∂“π»÷°…“∂÷ß
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ÕÕ°‡ªìπ√“¬¥â“π §◊Õ °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏凡◊ËÕÕ“¬ÿ¬—ßπâÕ¬†
°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°—∫À≠‘ߢ“¬∫√‘°“√ °“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“·≈–°“√
„™â “√‡ 浑¥ °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å‚¥¬‰¡à„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬
·≈–°“√¡’§ŸàπÕπÀ≈“¬§π æ∫«à“°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ„π
√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß ‡™àπ °≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’»Ë °÷ …“ ¡’§«“¡√Ÿ∑â ∂Ë’ °Ÿ µâÕß
‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å‚¥¬‰¡à„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬∑”„Àâ¡’
‚Õ°“ µ‘¥‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏剥â √âÕ¬≈– 87.7 √Õß
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81.7 ‡∑à“°—π ·≈–µÕ∫º‘¥ √âÕ¬≈– 68.3 „π‡√◊ÕË ß∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬
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‰¡à “¡“√∂ªÑÕß°—π‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏剥â 100%†
2. ∑—»π§µ‘‡°’ˬ«°—∫惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滆 æ∫«à“
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√’√«‘∑¬“ °“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬·≈–æ—≤π“°“√
∑“ß‡æ» °“√µ‘¥µàÕ°—∫‡æ»µ√ߢⓡ °“√¡’§√Õ∫§√—« °“√
Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π„π —ߧ¡ ·≈–§√Ÿ “¡“√∂∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡√Ÿâ‡À≈à“π’È
„Àâ °— ∫ ‡¥Á ° ‰¥â „ πÀ≈— ° Ÿ µ √∑’Ë °”À𥉫â Õ ¬à “ ߇À¡“– ¡
πÕ°®“°π’Èπ—°‡√’¬π¬—ß “¡“√∂À“§«“¡√Ÿâ‰¥â‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡®“°
◊ËÕµà“ßÊ ∑’Ë¡’„π —ߧ¡ ‡™àπ 𑵬 “√ ‚∑√∑—»πå Õ‘π‡µÕ√å‡πÁµ
‡¢â“ Ÿ™à ¡ÿ ™π §√Õ∫§√—«‰¥â‡ªìπµ—«°≈“ß„π°“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡√Ÿâ
µà“ßÊ „Àâ°—∫«—¬√ÿàπ‰¥â¥’ ∑—π‡Àµÿ°“√≥å °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߉¥â√—∫
§«“¡√Ÿâ®“°®“°∑’«’ √âÕ¬≈– 51.3 ®“°Õ‘π‡µÕ√å‡πÁµ √âÕ¬≈–
41.4 ·≈–®“°Àπ—ß ◊Õ𑵬 “√µà“ßÊ √âÕ¬≈– 44.2 π—°‡√’¬π
à«π„À≠à„™â‡«≈“«à“ß„π°“√¥Ÿ‚∑√∑—»πå √âÕ¬≈– 35.6 √âÕ¬≈–
23.6 ™à«¬æàÕ·¡à∑”ß“π
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µâÕß¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å ‚¥¬¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ 4.33 √Õß≈ß¡“¡’
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“¡“√∂¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏剥â°àÕπ·µàßß“π¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ 3.74
µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ·≈–¡’∑—»π§µ‘∑’ˉ¡à‡ÀÁπ¥â«¬Õ¬à“߬‘Ë߇°’ˬ«°—∫ ∂â“
§Ÿà√—°¢Õß∑à“π‡°‘¥°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å∑à“𧑥«à“°“√∑”·∑â߇ªìπ°“√
·°â‰¢ªí≠À“∑’Ë¥’∑’Ë ÿ¥¡’§–ππ‡©≈’ˬ 4.42 √Õß¡“°“√¡’§ŸàπÕπ
À≈“¬§π‡ªìπ°“√· ¥ß∂÷ß°“√¡’‡ πàÀ姖·ππ‡©≈’ˬ 4.13†
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‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°∫— À≠‘ߢ“¬∫√‘°“√‡ªìπ°“√ºàÕπ§≈“¬∑“߇滆
§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ ‡∑à“°—∫ 3.78 °“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°—∫À≠‘ß
¢“¬∫√‘°“√∑“߇滇ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∏√√¡¥“§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ ‡∑à“°—∫
3.81 π—°‡√’¬π à«π„À≠àÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∫‘¥“¡“√¥“ ´÷Ë߬—߉¡à¡’
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°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“°“√„™â “√‡ 浑¥ æ∫«à“°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’§–·ππ
∑—»§µ‘Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¥’ ‡™àπ ‚¥¬¡’§«“¡‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“
°àÕπ°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å “¡“√∂ªÑÕß°—π‚√§‡¢â“ Ÿà√à“ß°“¬†
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· ¥ßÕÕ°∂÷ß°“√‡ªìπºŸ™â “¬ ¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’¬Ë 3.81 °“√¥◊¡Ë ÿ√“
™à«¬„À⫬— √ÿπà °≈â“· ¥ßÕÕ°¡’§–·ππ‡©≈’¬Ë 3.39††°“√¥◊¡Ë ÿ√“
®π‡¡“¡“¬Õ“®∑”„Àâ¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë¢“¥°“√ªÑÕß°—π‰¥â†
§–·ππ‡©≈’ˬ 4.05 „πªí®®ÿ∫—πæ∫«à“ ◊ËÕµà“ßÊ ¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ
惵‘°√√¡¥â“πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ´÷Ë߇ªìπ«—¬∑’Ë™Õ∫‡≈’¬π·∫∫
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à«π„À≠à‰¥â√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ®“°§√Ÿ √âÕ¬≈– 70.7 √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ
‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ √âÕ¬≈– 50
¥â“π∑—»π§µ‘°“√¡’§πŸà ÕπÀ≈“¬§π æ∫«à“ °≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“ß
à«π„À≠à¡’∑—»π§µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫¡“°∂÷ß¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈–‰¡à‡ÀÁπ
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ªí®®ÿ∫—π¬Õ¡√—∫°“√¡’§ŸàπÕπÀ≈“¬§π‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∏√√¡¥“10
¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–µàÕ°“√π”º≈°“√»÷°…“‰ª„™â
1. ®“°°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∫“ß à«π¡’
∑—»π§µ‘ §«“¡√Ÿâ ‰¡à∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇√◊ËÕß°“√„™â∂ÿ߬“ßÕπ“¡—¬°“√
¥◊Ë¡ ÿ√“ ·≈–°“√„™â “√‡ 浑¥ ¥—ßπ—Èπ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß
MAHASARAKHAM HOSPITAL JOURNAL
Vol. 8 No. 3 November - December 2011
27
Àπ૬ߓπ∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫®÷ߧ«√æ‘®“√≥“À“·π«∑“ß„π°“√
„À⧫“¡√Ÿâ°—∫π—°‡√’¬π∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ª≈Ÿ°Ωíß∑—»π§µ‘∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß
‡æ◊ÕË ªÑÕß°—π惵‘°√√¡‡ ’¬Ë ß„π°“√µ‘¥ “√‡ 浑¥‰¥â·≈–Õ“®
‡ ’ˬߵàÕ°“√µ‘¥‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏剥ↆ†
2. ®“°°“√»÷°…“§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫
惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß æ∫«à“π—°‡√’¬π
‰¥â√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ®“°§√Ÿ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ‚√߇√’¬π§«√®—¥∑” ◊ËÕ
æ—≤π“ ◊ËÕ°“√ Õπ √Ÿª·∫∫°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ„À⥟‡À¡“– ¡
·≈–¡’ ‡ π◊È Õ À“ “√–∑’Ë ¥’ ‡À¡“– ¡°— ∫ ‡¥Á ° ·≈–§«√„Àâ
§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡°—∫π—°‡√’¬π„π‚√߇√’¬π∑ÿ°§π
3. °“√‡ΩÑ“√–«—ß惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ
µâÕ߉¥â√—∫§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°§√Ÿ ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢† ·≈–
ºŸâª°§√Õߥ⫬®÷ß®–∫√√≈ÿ«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧ剥â†
4. ®“°°“√»÷°…“§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–∑—»π§µ‘ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫
惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß æ∫«à“π—°‡√’¬π
‰¥â√—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ‡æ»»÷°…“®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ √âÕ¬≈–
50†††
®÷߇ªìπ‚Õ°“ ¥’„π°“√æ—≤π“ß“π√–∫∫°“√∫√‘°“√
¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ«—¬√ÿàπ„Àâ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æÕ¬à“ߧ√∫«ß®√µàÕ‰ª ‡æ◊ËÕ
„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ·≈–ªÑÕß°—πªí≠À“ —ߧ¡·°à‡¬“«™π
¢Õß™“µ‘ ´÷Ë߇ªìπ∑√—欓°√¡πÿ…¬å∑’Ë ”§—≠„π°“√æ—≤π“
ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬„πÕ𓧵µàÕ‰ª
°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»
ºŸâ«‘®—¬·≈– ”π—°‡¢µæ◊Èπ∑’Ë°“√»÷°…“¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ ‡¢µ 31 ‚√߇√’¬π¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“∑’˵—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà„π‡¢µÕ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß
π§√√“™ ’¡“ ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥Õ“®“√¬å∑’˪√÷°…“„π°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬§√—Èßπ’È π“¬·æ∑¬å ÿ√ ‘∑∏å ®‘µ√æ‘∑—°…å‡≈‘» Õ“®“√¬å
π«≈≈–ÕÕ «‘«—≤πå«√æ—π∏å 𓬷æ∑¬å‡¥™“†† §π∏¿—°¥’ ·≈–∑’¡«‘∑¬“°√„π°“√®—¥Õ∫√¡‡™‘ߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“
π—°«‘®—¬π—°∫√‘°“√ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘¢Õß∑’¡ À “¢“«‘™“™’æ √–¥—∫‡¢µ 14 ∑’Ë°√ÿ≥“„À⧔ª√÷°…“„À⧔·π–π”∑“ß«‘™“°“√
·≈–°“√«‘®—¬†
‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß
1. ”π—°√–∫“¥«‘∑¬“,√“¬ß“π ∂“π°“√≥å‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; 2554.
†2. ®—π∑å摵“ 惰…“π“ππ∑å, 惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬ߰“√„π«—¬√ÿàπ, ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å; 2538.
3. ª√’™“† ‡ªïò¬¡æß»å “πµå, ¡πÿ…¬å Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡°“√æ—≤π“·∫∫¬—Ë߬◊π, §≥–‡»√…∞»“ µ√å ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å
¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬; 2538.
4. °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, √“¬ß“π¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–‡™‘ßπ‚¬∫“¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬ߄π‡¥Á°π—°‡√’¬π ‡Õ° “√
Õ—¥ ”‡π“ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢;2549.
5. ®—π∑√å·√¡ ∑Õß»‘√‘, 惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ „π‡¢µÕ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß®—ßÀ«—¥πà“π, °“√§âπ§«â“·∫∫Õ‘ √–
“∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à; 2539 .
6. ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ’¡“. √“¬ß“πÕπ“¡—¬·¡à·≈–‡¥Á°, π§√√“™ ’¡“ : ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ®—ßÀ«—¥
π§√√“™ ’¡“; 2554 .
7. °—≠®≥’ æ≈Õ‘π∑√å, ∞‘µ‘æ√ Ցߧ∂“«√«ß»å, ÿ√’¬åæ√ °ƒ…‡®√‘≠. 惵‘°√√¡‡ ’ˬß∑“߇滢Õß«—¬√ÿà𙓬 „π‚√߇√’¬π
“¬ “¡—≠, §≥–欓∫“≈»“ µ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å; 2551.
8. µ—È¡ ∫ÿ≠√Õ¥. 惵‘°√√¡·≈–ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ„π ∂“π»÷°…“ —ß°—¥ ”π—°ß“π
§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√Õ“™’«–»÷°…“ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ¢Õß®—ßÀ«—¥·ÀàßÀπ÷Ëß∑“ß¿“§„µâ. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“
“∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ; 2549.
28
«“√ “√‚√ß欓∫“≈¡À“ “√§“¡
ªï∑’Ë 8 ©∫—∫∑’Ë 3 惻®‘°“¬π - ∏—𫓧¡ 2554