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NATO UNCLASSIFIED
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
ORGANISATION
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
ORGANISATION
www.rta.nato.int
AC/323(AVT-089)TP/63
RTO MEETING PROCEEDINGS 91
AVT-089
Advances in Rocket Performance
Life and Disposal
(Les avancées en performances, en durée
de vie et en mise au rebut des fusées)
Papers presented at the RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT)
Specialists’ Meeting held in Aalborg, Denmark, 23-26 September 2002.
This document should be announced and supplied only to NATO,
Government Agencies of NATO nations and their bona fide contractors,
and to other recipients approved by the RTO National Coordinators.
Ce document ne doit être notifié et distribué qu’à l’OTAN, qu’aux
instances gouvernementales des pays membres de l’OTAN, ainsi qu’à
leurs contractants dûment habilités et qu’aux autres demandeurs
agréés par les Coordonnateurs Nationaux de la RTO.
Published October 2003
Official Information
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NATO UNCLASSIFIED
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
ORGANISATION
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
ORGANISATION
www.rta.nato.int
AC/323(AVT-089)TP/63
RTO MEETING PROCEEDINGS 91
AVT-089
Advances in Rocket Performance
Life and Disposal
(Les avancées en performances, en durée
de vie et en mise au rebut des fusées)
Papers presented at the RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT)
Specialists’ Meeting held in Aalborg, Denmark, 23-26 September 2002.
This document should be announced and supplied only to NATO,
Government Agencies of NATO nations and their bona fide contractors,
and to other recipients approved by the RTO National Coordinators.
Ce document ne doit être notifié et distribué qu’à l’OTAN, qu’aux
instances gouvernementales des pays membres de l’OTAN, ainsi qu’à
leurs contractants dûment habilités et qu’aux autres demandeurs
agréés par les Coordonnateurs Nationaux de la RTO.
Official Information
NATO UNCLASSIFIED
No Public Release
NATO UNCLASSIFIED
The Research and Technology
Organisation (RTO) of NATO
RTO is the single focus in NATO for Defence Research and Technology activities. Its mission is to conduct and promote
co-operative research and information exchange. The objective is to support the development and effective use of
national defence research and technology and to meet the military needs of the Alliance, to maintain a technological
lead, and to provide advice to NATO and national decision makers. The RTO performs its mission with the support of an
extensive network of national experts. It also ensures effective co-ordination with other NATO bodies involved in R&T
activities.
RTO reports both to the Military Committee of NATO and to the Conference of National Armament Directors. It
comprises a Research and Technology Board (RTB) as the highest level of national representation and the Research and
Technology Agency (RTA), a dedicated staff with its headquarters in Neuilly, near Paris, France. In order to facilitate
contacts with the military users and other NATO activities, a small part of the RTA staff is located in NATO
Headquarters in Brussels. The Brussels staff also co-ordinates RTO’s co-operation with nations in Middle and Eastern
Europe, to which RTO attaches particular importance especially as working together in the field of research is one of the
more promising areas of co-operation.
The total spectrum of R&T activities is covered by the following 7 bodies:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AVT
Applied Vehicle Technology Panel
HFM
Human Factors and Medicine Panel
IST
Information Systems Technology Panel
NMSG NATO Modelling and Simulation Group
SAS
Studies, Analysis and Simulation Panel
SCI
Systems Concepts and Integration Panel
SET
Sensors and Electronics Technology Panel
These bodies are made up of national representatives as well as generally recognised ‘world class’ scientists. They also
provide a communication link to military users and other NATO bodies. RTO’s scientific and technological work is
carried out by Technical Teams, created for specific activities and with a specific duration. Such Technical Teams can
organise workshops, symposia, field trials, lecture series and training courses. An important function of these Technical
Teams is to ensure the continuity of the expert networks.
RTO builds upon earlier co-operation in defence research and technology as set-up under the Advisory Group for
Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) and the Defence Research Group (DRG). AGARD and the DRG share
common roots in that they were both established at the initiative of Dr Theodore von Kármán, a leading aerospace
scientist, who early on recognised the importance of scientific support for the Allied Armed Forces. RTO is capitalising
on these common roots in order to provide the Alliance and the NATO nations with a strong scientific and technological
basis that will guarantee a solid base for the future.
The content of this publication has been reproduced
directly from material supplied by RTO or the authors.
Published October 2003
Copyright © RTO/NATO 2003
All Rights Reserved
Single copies of this publication or of a part of it may be made for individual use only by those organisations or
individuals in NATO nations defined by the limitation notice printed on the front cover. The approval of the RTA
Information Management Systems Branch is required for more than one copy to be made or an extract included in
another publication. Requests to do so should be sent to the address on the back cover.
ii
RTO-MP-091
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Advances in Rocket Performance
Life and Disposal
(RTO MP-091 / AVT-089)
Executive Summary
The aim of this Specialist’s Meeting was to provide a forum to present the latest advances in rocket motor
technology with a clear emphasis upon new propellants but also encompassing critical, operationally orientated
disciplines such as service life assessment, end of life disposal and environmental impact assessment.
This responds to the challenge of designing new solid propellant formulations with new oxidisers, energetic
binders and plasticisers that promise significant performance gains. They must meet the user expectations and
practical limits based on the established properties of propellants, such as specific impulse, operational
conditions, signature, life cycle costs and ease of disposal, aiming also to extend the boundaries of these
established norms. A large industrial base exists for propellant manufacture across the NATO countries,
imposing technical and economic constraints for step-by-step development.
The opening papers of the meeting gave a first insight into three major programmes, the US Integrated High
Payoff Propulsion Technology Programme, the European Co-operative Programme for New Propellants,
and the UK Research on Propellants. They were followed by a substantial number of papers on new propellant
family formulations. These necessarily very technical papers highlighted the fact that difficulties still remain in
applying the gains offered by energetic ingredients to service systems. However significant progress has been
achieved notably by the introduction of a GAP propellant for a naval application, see for example paper 8.
The remaining half of the meeting concentrated on the use of propellants and systems. Disposal issues were
covered in session IV essentially at overview level to provide a full life cycle context for propellant research
although the central issue still remains for in-service systems today. Design for disposal disciplines were
introduced in concept. The development and application of miniaturised sensors for monitoring propellant grain
environmental history during service was a prominent theme in session VI, Service Life Assessment. To fully
utilise the benefits of such sensors will require close collaboration between service users and designers, and the
topic has been taken up by an AVT Exploratory Team. Internal ballistics were treated in nine papers in sessions
VIII and IX. Burning rate measurement continues to provide many challenges. A recent RTO Task Group has
analysed this question and detail (RTO-TR-043).
Several papers re-introduced the concept of solid/liquid hybrid propulsion for tactical systems which warrants
re-evaluation in the light of changing user needs and new emphasis on thrust control.
Within the time constraints of a Specialist’s Meeting it was not intended to cover all of the issues confronting
rocket propulsion, however, the main objective of reviewing recent developments in the context of user needs
was achieved. Additional topics deserving attention have been pointed out in the Technical Evaluation Report.
The meeting was well supported by attendees from industry, universities and government organisations
indicating that rocketry continues to be a subject of importance to the NATO capability.
RTO-MP-091
iii
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NATO SANS CLASSIFICATION
Les avancées en performances, en durée
de vie et en mise au rebut des fusées
(RTO MP-091 / AVT-089)
Synthèse
Cette réunion de spécialistes a eu pour objectif de servir de forum pour la présentation des dernières avancées
en matière de technologies de moteurs-fusées, avec une grande importance accordée aux nouveaux propergols,
mais englobant aussi des disciplines orientées vers les opérations, telles que l’évaluation de la durée de vie
utile, la mise au rebut et l’impact sur l’environnement. Ainsi, cette réunion a relevé le défi qui consiste à
concevoir de nouvelles formules de propergols solides, avec de nouveaux comburants, de nouveaux liants
énergétiques et de nouveaux plastifiants, susceptibles d’apporter des gains en performances considérables.
Elles doivent répondre aux attentes des utilisateurs dans les limites pratiques imposées par les caractéristiques
établies des propergols, telles que l’impulsion spécifique, les conditions opérationnelles, la signature, les coûts
du cycle de vie et la facilité de mise au rebut, tout en visant le développement de ces normes établies. La grande
base industrielle de fabrication de propergols qui existe dans les pays de l’OTAN impose pourtant des
contraintes techniques et économiques sur le développement échelonné voulu.
Les premières communications présentées lors de la conférence ont donné un aperçu de trois grands
programmes, à savoir le programme US intégré à haute rentabilité sur les technologies de propulsion,
le programme coopératif européen sur les nouveaux propergols, et la recherche sur les propergols au RoyaumeUni. Ces présentations étaient suivies d’un grand nombre de communications sur les nouvelles formules
de propergols. Ces communications très techniques par définition ont mis en relief le fait que des difficultés
persistent en ce qui concerne l’exploitation des gains offerts par les ingrédients énergétiques. Cependant,
de réels progrès ont été enregistrés, notamment par la mise en service d’un propergol GAP pour applications
navales (présentation No. 8).
Le restant de la réunion a concerné la mise en œuvre des propergols et des systèmes. La mise au rebut a été
couverte lors de la session IV sous la forme d’un tour d’horizon des différents aspects du cycle de vie complet
dans le contexte des travaux de recherche sur les propergols, bien que les questions essentielles concernent les
systèmes en service aujourd’hui. Le concept des disciplines de la « conception intégrant la mise au rebut » a été
évoqué. Le développement et l’application de capteurs miniaturisés pour le contrôle écologique du bloc de
poudre au cours de sa vie utile était l’un des sujets principaux de la session VI, intitulée « L’évaluation de la
durée de vie utile ». Une collaboration étroite entre les utilisateurs et les concepteurs sera nécessaire à l’avenir
afin de tirer le meilleur parti des avantages offerts par de tels capteurs. En effet, le sujet a été adopté par une
équipe exploratoire AVT. La balistique interne a été le sujet de neuf communications présentées lors des
sessions VIII et IX. Le calcul du taux de combustion continue de poser de nombreux problèmes. Récemment,
cette question a été analysée dans le détail par le groupe de travail RTO-TR-043.
Plusieurs auteurs ont présenté de nouveau le concept de la propulsion hybride propergols solides/propergols
liquides pour systèmes tactiques, qui mérite d’être réexaminé à la lumière des nouveaux besoins des utilisateurs
et de l’accent qui est actuellement mis sur le contrôle de la poussée.
Dans le temps alloué pour une réunion de spécialistes il n’a pas été possible de couvrir l’ensemble des
questions qui sont posées dans le domaine de la propulsion par fusée, mais l’objectif initial, qui consistait
à passer en revue les derniers développements par rapport aux besoins des utilisateurs, à été atteint.
D’autres sujets encore, méritant d’être examinés, ont été mentionnés dans le rapport d’évaluation technique.
Les nombreux participants, de l’industrie, des universités et des organisations gouvernementales ont témoigné
de l’importance continue de la propulsion par fusée pour l’OTAN.
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Table of Contents
Page
Executive Summary
iii
Synthèse
iv
Theme/Thème
viii
Publications of the RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel
Programme Committee
x
xii
Reference
Technical Evaluation Report
by R.L. Derr
T
SESSION I: OVERVIEW AND NEW PROPELLANT FORMULATIONS – 1
Paper 1 – Keynote withdrawn
The Integrated High Payoff Rocket Propulsion Technology Program and Tactical
Missile Propulsion Status
by D. DeGeorge and S. Fletcher
2
A European Co-Operative Programme for New Rocket Propellants
by Y. Longevialle
3
Assessment of High Energy/High Elongation Propellant
by J. Dodds, G. Kavanagh, J. Theobald and D. Tod
4
UK Propellants Research and Future Needs
by A.S. Cumming
5
SESSION II: NEW PROPELLANT FORMULATIONS – 2
Development of Smokeless GAP Propellants with Various Oxidizers
by E. Unneberg, T.K.E. Karsrud, T.C. Johannessen and I. Sollien
6
Paper 7 withdrawn
Development of a Gas-Generator Propellant for a Rescue System for Submarines
based on the Energetic Binder GAP
by P. Jacob
8
Stabilization of the New Oxidizer Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) in Solid Phase
by M. Bohn
9
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SESSION III: NEW PROPELLANT FORMULATIONS – 3
HNF: Oxidiser for High Performance, Low-Signature Propellants
by A.E.D.M. van der Heijden, W.H.M. Welland-Veltmans and H.L.J. Keizers
10
Interest of Hybrid Propulsion For Missile Applications
by G. Lengellé, G. Singla and Y. Maisonneuve
11
Nano-Scale Studies for Environmentally Benign Explosives and Propellants
by A. L. Ramaswamy, P. Kaste and S. Trevino
12
Minimum Smoke Propellants with High Burning Rates and Thermodynamic
Performance
by K. Menke, S. Eisele, M. Bohn and P. Gerber
13
Experimental and Theoretical Combustion Investigations Assisting the Development
of New Liquid and Gelled Propellants
by V. Weiser, N. Eisenreich, S. Kelzenberg, Y. Plitzko and F. Hidalgo
14
Characterization of Flow and Spray Behavior of Gelled Fuels with Regard to Air
Blast and Impinging Jet Atomizers
by H.K. Ciezki, A. Robers and G. Schneider
15
A Through-Life Environmental Impact Assessment Database
by R. Parker
16
Recycling and Reuse as Ultimate Object for Cost Reduction in Disposal
by E. Herbst, P. Zatko and V. Novotny
17
Design for Demilitarisation
by D.M. Stalker
18
SESSION IV: INSENSITIVE MUNITIONS
Numerical Simulation of Reaction Violence to Cook-Off Experiments
by D. Desailly, Y. Guengant, B. Briquet, P. Brunet and D. Houdusse
19
Insensitive Reduced-Smoke Propellant with Low-Cost Binder
by M.L. Chan, T. Bui and A.D. Turner
20
Solid Rocket Propellants for Improved IM Response – Recent Activities in the
NIMIC Nations
by M. Fisher and M. Sharp
21
IM Improvement of Rocket Motor by Composite Motor Case
by S. Tenden and K. Fossumstuen
22
SESSION V: SERVICE LIFE ASSESSMENT – 1
A Solid Rocket Motor Manufacturer’s View of Sensors and Aging Surveillance
by R. Scott Hyde
23
Forecasting Structural Reliability of Rocket Solid Propellants Over Time
by G.L. Biggs
24
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Evaluation of Rocket Motor Safelife Based on Condition Monitoring and
Ageing Modelling
by H.L.J. Keizers, G.C. Reeling Brouwer, J. Weijl and F.P. Weterings
25
SESSION VI: SERVICE LIFE ASSESSMENT – 2
A Strain Based Design Criterion for Solid Propellant Rocket Motors
by R. Neviere, A. Pfiffer and F. Stankiewicz
26
Effects of the Diffusion Processes in the Modelling of Composite Propellant Ageing
by S. Chevalier, E. Liebens and R. Neviere
27
Paper 28 withdrawn
SESSION VII: INTERNAL BALLISTICS – 1
Validation of Internal Flow Prediction Codes for Solid Propellant Motors
by H.T. Tinaztepe, M.E. Yumuşak and F. Vuillot
29
A 2D Moving Boundary Cartesian Grid Solver for Internal Flow Fields of SPRM’s
by K. Pekkan and A.S. Ücer
30
Aluminum Particle Size Influence on Ignition and Combustion of AP/HTPB/A1
Solid Rocket Propellants
by A. Olivani, L. Galfetti, F. Severini, G. Colombo, F. Cozzi, F. Lesma and
M. Sgobba
31
Ballistic Properties of Scavenged Solid Rocket Propellants
by F. Cozzi, S. Manenti, A. Olivani, L.T. DeLuca and A.L. Ramaswamy
32
SESSION VIII: INTERNAL BALLISTICS – 2
Non-Intrusive Regression Rate Measurements in a Hybrid Rocket
by A. Russo Sorge and C. Carmicino
33
Evaluation of Methods for Solid Propellant Burning Rate Measurement
by R.S. Fry, L. DeLuca, R. Frederick, G. Gadiot, R. Strecker, H-L Besser,
A. Whitehouse, J-C. Traineau, D. Ribereau and J-P. Reynaud
34
Burning Rate Measurements from Small-Scale Test Motors
by L.T. DeLuca, F. Maggi, A. Annovazzi, R.O. Hessler and R.L. Glick
35
Scale Effect on Composite Solid Propellant Burning Rate
by D. Ribereau, P. Le Breton, S. Ballereau and C. Marraud
36
Burning Rate Assessment of Minimum Smoke Solid Propellants
by F. Lillo, B. D’Andrea, G. Marcelli and A Brotzu
37
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Theme
Rocket motors are used to provide propulsion for the majority of tactical missile systems in use today.
Many key attributes of the in service rocket motor such as performance, operational envelope, life, ease of
disposal and life cycle costs are defined by the propellant. The drive for better life cycle management and
concerns over the environmental impact of disposal and use are putting new demands upon research
activities. Tactical rocket propulsion has been dominated by composite and double base propellant
variants for many years. These propellants are well known and there is a large industrial base for their
manufacture across the NATO countries. The established properties of these propellants have come to
define expectations and practical limits for specific impulse, operational conditions, and signature.
Research on solid propellant formulations with new oxidisers, energetic binders and plasticisers that
promise significant performance gains aims to extend the boundaries of these established norms. However
the challenge of combining such advances in the energetics of the propellant with acceptable mechanical,
Insensitive Munition and ballistic properties is a difficult one. Added to this is the user expectation for
increased life, wider operating environmental limits, reduced disposal costs and reduced environmental
impact. Hybrid and gelled propellants have also received attention from propellant research chemists in
recent times and offer their own particular benefits with respect to exhaust cleanliness and thrust
management capability.
In this context the Specialist’s Meeting aims to provide a forum in which to present the latest advances in
rocket motor technology with a clear emphasis upon new propellants but also encompassing critical,
operationally orientated disciplines such as service life assessment, end of life disposal and environmental
impact assessment.
viii
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Thème
Les moteurs fusées assurent la propulsion de la plupart des systèmes de missiles tactiques en service
aujourd’hui. En outre, un grand nombre des caractéristiques clés des moteurs fusées en service, telles que
les performances, le domaine opérationnel, la durée de vie, la facilité de destruction et les coûts globaux
de possession sont en effet définies par le propergol. La demande d’une meilleure gestion du cycle de vie,
alliée à certaines préoccupations concernant l’impact sur l’environnement de la mise en oeuvre et de la
destruction des fusées ont créé de nouvelles exigences en matière de recherche. La propulsion des fusées
tactiques se trouve fortement influencée par différentes versions de propergols à double base depuis de
nombreuses années. Ces propergols sont bien connus et il existe une importante capacité industrielle
permettant leur fabrication au sein des pays membres de l’OTAN. Les caractéristiques établies de ces
propergols ont influencé les attentes et les limites pratiques en matière d’impulsion spécifique, de
conditions opérationnelles, et de signature. Les travaux de recherche en cours sur les formulations des
propergols avec de nouveaux comburants, de nouveaux liants énergétiques et de nouveaux plastifiants
promettent des gains de performance sensibles, susceptibles de faire reculer les limites des normes établies
dans ce domaine. Cependant, les difficultés qui se posent pour combiner de telles avancées dans le
domaine de l’énergétique des propergols avec des caractéristiques mécaniques, balistiques et de risque
attenué acceptables sont considérables. A ces difficultés il faut ajouter les attentes des utilisateurs en ce qui
concerne le prolongement du cycle de vie, la réduction des limites d’exploitation imposées pour tenir
compte de l’environnement, la diminution des coûts de destruction et l’atténuation de l’impact sur
l’environnement. Les propergols hybrides et gélifiés ont également fait l’objet d’études soigneuses de la
part de chercheurs chimistes récemment. En effet, ils apportent des avantages particuliers par rapport à la
propreté des émissions et à la gestion de la poussée.
Dans ce contexte, la réunion de spécialistes a pour objectif de créer un forum pour la présentation des
dernières avancées en matière de technologies des moteurs fusées, lequel, tout en mettant l’accent sur les
nouveaux propergols, englobera aussi les disciplines orientées opérations, telles que l’évaluation de la
durée de vie utile, la destruction en fin de vie utile et l’évaluation de l’impact sur l’environnement.
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Publications of the RTO
Applied Vehicle Technology Panel
MEETING PROCEEDINGS (MP)
Combat Survivability of Air, Sea and Land Vehicles
MP-090, September 2003
Reduction of Military Vehicle Acquisition Time and Cost through Advanced Modelling and Virtual Simulation
MP-089, March 2003
Advanced Flow Management: Symposium Part A – Vortex Flows and High Angle of Attack for Military Vehicles /
Part B – Heat Transfer and Cooling in Propulsion and Power Systems
MP-069(I), February 2003
Low Cost Composite Structures / Cost Effective Application of Titanium Alloys in Military Platforms
MP-069(II), February 2003
Ageing Mechanisms and Control: Symposium Part A – Developments in Computational Aero- and Hydro-Acoustics /
Part B – Monitoring and Management of Gas Turbine Fleets for Extended Life and Reduced Costs
MP-079(I), February 2003
Ageing Mechanisms and Control: Specialists’ Meeting on Life Management Techniques for Ageing Air Vehicles
MP-079(II), February 2003
Unmanned Vehicles (UV) for Aerial, Ground and Naval Military Operations
MP-052, January 2002
Active Control Technology for Enhanced Performance Operational Capabilities of Military Aircraft, Land Vehicles
and Sea Vehicles
MP-051, June 2001
Design for Low Cost Operation and Support
MP-37, September 2000
Gas Turbine Operation and Technology for Land, Sea and Air Propulsion and Power Systems (Unclassified)
MP-34, September 2000
Aerodynamic Design and Optimization of Flight Vehicles in a Concurrent Multi-Disciplinary Environment
MP-35, June 2000
Structural Aspects of Flexible Aircraft Control
MP-36, May 2000
New Metallic Materials for the Structure of Aging Aircraft
MP-25, April 2000
Small Rocket Motors and Gas Generators for Land, Sea and Air Launched Weapons Systems
MP-23, April 2000
Application of Damage Tolerance Principles for Improved Airworthiness of Rotorcraft
MP-24, January 2000
Gas Turbine Engine Combustion, Emissions and Alternative Fuels
MP-14, June 1999
Fatigue in the Presence of Corrosion
MP-18, March 1999
Qualification of Life Extension Schemes for Engine Components
MP-17, March 1999
Fluid Dynamics Problems of Vehicles Operation Near or in the Air-Sea Interface
MP-15, February 1999
Design Principles and Methods for Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines
MP-8, February 1999
Airframe Inspection Reliability under Field/Depot Conditions
MP-10, November 1998
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EDUCATIONAL NOTES (EN)
Intelligent Systems for Aeronautics
EN-022, June 2003
Active Control of Engine Dynamics
EN-020, November 2002
Supercavitating Flows
EN-010, January 2002
Aging Aircraft Fleets: Structural and Other Subsystem Aspects
EN-015, March 2001
Aging Engines, Avionics, Subsystems and Helicopters
EN-14, October 2000
Measurement Techniques for High Enthalpy and Plasma Flows
EN-8, April 2000
Development and Operation of UAVs for Military and Civil Applications
EN-9, April 2000
Planar Optical Measurements Methods for Gas Turbine Engine Life
EN-6, September 1999
High Order Methods for Computational Physics, Published jointly with Springer-Verlag, Germany
EN-5, March 1999
Fluid Dynamics Research on Supersonic Aircraft
EN-4, November 1998
Integrated Multidisciplinary Design of High Pressure Multistage Compressor Systems
EN-1, September 1998
TECHNICAL REPORTS (TR)
Future Technological and Operational Challenges Associated with the Single Fuel Concept
TR-066, September 2003
Performance Prediction and Simulation of Gas Turbine Engine Operation
TR-044, April 2002
Evaluation of Methods for Solid Propellant Burning Rate Measurements
TR-043, February 2002
Design Loads for Future Aircraft
TR-045, February 2002
Ice Accretion Simulation Evaluation Test
TR-038, November 2001
NATO East-West Workshop on Magnetic Materials for Power Applications
TR-031, August 2001
Verification and Validation Data for Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
TR-26, October 2000
Recommended Practices for Monitoring Gas Turbine Engine Life Consumption
TR-28, April 2000
A Feasibility Study of Collaborative Multi-facility Windtunnel Testing for CFD Validation
TR-27, December 1999
RTO-MP-091
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Programme Committee
CHAIRMAN
Mr. A. Whitehouse
Royal Ordnance plc
Rocket Motors, Summerfield
Kidderminster, Worcestershire DY11 7RZ
UNITED KINGDOM
email: [email protected]
MEMBERS
FRANCE
Mr. P. Kuentzmann
ONERA
Branche Mecanique des Fluides et Energetique
29, avenue de la Division Leclerc
BP 72
92322 Chatillon Cedex
email: [email protected]
GERMANY
Dipl.-Ing H.L. Besser
Bayern-Chemie GmbH
P.O. Box 1131
84544 Aschau am Inn
email: [email protected]
TURKEY
Eng. A. Göcmez
Tubitak-Defence Industries Research
and Development Institute
PK 16 Mamak
06261 Ankara
email: [email protected]
Dr. T. Tinaztepe
ROKETSAN
Samsun Yolu. 40 km
06780 Elmadag
Ankara
email: [email protected]
UNITED STATES
Mr. M. Huggins
AFRL/PRS
10 Saturn Road
Edwards AFB
CA 93524-7680
email: [email protected]
ITALY
Prof. L. De Luca
Politecnico di Milano
Dipartimento di Energetica
Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32
20133 Milano
email: [email protected]
NORWAY
Mr. I. Sollien
Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
(FFI)
P.O. Box 25
2027 Kjeller
email: [email protected]
Dr. K. Schadow
Strategic Analysis Inc.
2896 Calle Heraldo
San Clemente
CA 92673
email: [email protected]
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
1. Recipient’s Reference
2. Originator’s References
3. Further Reference
RTO-MP-091
AC/323(AVT-089)TP/63
5. Originator
4. Security Classification
of Document
NATO
UNCLASSIFIED
Research and Technology Organisation
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
BP 25, F-92201 Neuilly-sur-Seine Cedex, France
6. Title
Advances in Rocket Performance Life and Disposal
7. Presented at/Sponsored by
The RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT) Specialists’ Meeting held in
Aalborg, Denmark, 23-26 September 2002.
8. Author(s)/Editor(s)
9. Date
Multiple
October 2003
10. Author’s/Editor’s Address
11. Pages
Multiple
12. Distribution Statement
540 (text)
127 (slides)
This document is distributed in accordance with NATO Security
Regulations and RTO policies.
13. Keywords/Descriptors
Binders (materials)
Burning rate
Chemical properties
Composite rocket propellants
Cook off
Degradation
Demilitarization
Disposal
GAP (Glycidyl azide polymer)
propellants
Gelled rocket propellants
Hybrid rocket propellants
IM (Insensitive munitions)
Interior ballistics
Life (durability)
Mechanical properties
Physical properties
Propellant sensitivity
Service life
Smokeless propellants
Solid propellant rocket engines
Solid rocket oxidizers
Solid rocket propellants
Stabilizers (agents)
14. Abstract
The Meeting provided advances in rocket motor technology with emphasis upon new propellants and
encompassing operationally orientated disciplines such as service life assessment, end of life disposal and
environmental impact assessment, contributing to designing new solid propellants with new oxidisers,
energetic binders and plasticizers. User expectations are based on the established properties and extend the
boundaries is one goal.
The meeting was organised in sessions on New Propellant Formulations, Insensitive Munitions, Service life
Assessment, and Internal ballistics with a total of 34 papers.
It included overviews on the US Integrated High Payoff Propulsion Technology Programme, the European
Co-operative Programme for New Propellants, and the UK Research on Propellants. Technical papers
covered propellant formulations and the use of propellants and systems. Disposal issues covered a full life
cycle context for propellant research and introduced design for disposal. Miniaturised sensors for
monitoring propellant grain environmental history were covered, as were internal ballistics and burning rate
measurement. Several papers re-introduced the concept of solid/liquid hybrid propulsion for tactical systems
orientated towards user needs and new emphasis on thrust control. Additional topics deserving attention
have been pointed out in the Technical Evaluation Report.
RTO-MP-091
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RTO-MP-091
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