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I4PERR11 (6 ECTS credits)
Heterogeneous reaction engineering
Objectives :
At the end of this module, the student will have understood and be able to explain (main concepts) :
- the different types of chemical and biological catalysts and their operating modes
- the stoichiometry, kinetic laws and their combination for the description of microbial cell behaviour for growth and production,
- the notion of limiting step(s) in heterogeneous reactions
- the notion of apparent reaction rate
- the expression and meaning of dimensionless numbers (Hatta, Thiele, Weiss, Biot...)
- the notions of effectiveness factor and enhancement factor
- the description and modelling of batch, fed-batch and continuous, single or multi stage biological reactors with or without recycling.
The student will be able to:
- determine the limiting process(es) in a chemical heterogeneous reaction
- express the apparent global rate of a chemical reaction depending on the working conditions
- identify the general metabolic scheme of microbial growth
- establish the stoichiometric equations and kinetic laws for biological reactions with respect to the environmental conditions establish an intrinsic kinetic law
- select and design the most suitable reactor to perform a given reaction
- integrate and prioritize the mechanisms in order to model homogeneous and heterogeneous biological and chemical reactors
Description :
Program (detailed contents) :
- Utility of and technologies for heterogeneous reactors.
- Catalytic reactors: Notions of catalyst and heterogeneous kinetics; limitations by external or internal mass transfer, Calculation of effectiveness factors, Thiele Modulus,
Modelling and design of fixed bed reactors (mass balances).
- Gas/liquid reactors: Gas/liquid mass transfer with chemical reactions; Hatta Number; Enhancement factor, Working regimes; Modelling and design of gas/liquid reactors;
Choice of reactor type.
- Biological reactions and reactors: analysis of stoichiometry and kinetics of biological reactions; bioreactor analysis: design and operation of batch, fed-batch and continuous
bioreactors, with or without recycling based on simple reaction kinetics with the goal of cell or metabolite production and pollution treatment
Organisation:
Lectures, tutorials, lab-work.
Case studies in small groups: definition of the physical problem and writing of the equations for a complex system, including the transport and heterogeneous reaction steps,
and its resolution using numerical methods.
Main difficulties for students:
- The concept of rate determining steps
- The notion of apparent rate
- Integration and classification of different mechanisms
- Specificities of microbial reactions
Assessment :
How do you assess that the objectives have been reached ?
2 Written exams (total 4h30)
1 Lab-work report
1 Case study report
How does your assessment system help the student to reach the objectives ?
Written examinations allow students to test their knowledge. Writing the report requires students to understand the problems and formulate explanations and answers in an
organized manner.
Assessment method : Written exam, Report, Lab work
Number of hours : 32.5h (lectures), 25.5h (tutorials), 7.5h (lab work), 12h (Project), 75h (Personal work)
Prerequisites :
Transport and reaction in fluid media.
Fluid properties and mass transfer.
Thermodynamics.
Thermal transfers and reactors.
Microbiology and statistics.
Unit of study coordinator : Jean-Stéphane PIC
Mode of study : Initial training
Semester : 1
Bibliography :
Danckwerts PV., Gas-liquid Reactions. McGraw-Hill, New York. (1970) ISBN 978-0-070152878
Froment G, Bischoff KB. Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design. John Wiley and Sons, New York. (1979) ISBN 978-0471510444
Levenspiel O., Chemical Reaction Engineering, 3e édition. John Wiley and Sons, New York, (1998) ISBN 047125424X
Levenspiel O., The Chemical Reactor Omnibook, Oregon St Univ Bookstores, (1993) ISBN 0882461605
Schweich D., Génie de la Réaction Chimique. Tec & Doc Lavoisier, Paris, (2001) ISBN 2-7430-0459-2.
Villermaux J., Traité Génie des Procédés. Bases Théoriques, Volume J1.Techniques de l'Ingénieur, Paris. ISBN 2-85206-759-5
Villermaux J., Génie de la Réaction Chimique. Conception et fonctionnement des réacteurs, 2e édition. Tec & Doc Lavoisier, Paris, (1993) ISBN 2-85206-759-5.
Roustan M., Transferts gaz-liquide dans les procédés de traitement des eaux et des effluents gazeux, Tec & Doc Lavoisier, Paris, (2003) ISBN 2-7430-0605-6.
Atkinson B. and Mavituna F., Biochemical engineering and biotechnology handbook, Ed. MacMillan(1991), ISBN 978-0333424032
Bu'lock J.D., Fermentation kinetics and modelling, Ed. Wiley & Son, (1991) ISBN 978-0471932086
Mcduffie N.G., Bioreactor design fundamentals. Ed. Butterworth-Heinemann (1991) ISBN 978-075069107
Institut des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse
http://odf.insa-toulouse.fr/