Debianuel-Notes on a linux experience - Emmanuel Branlard

Transcription

Debianuel
Notes on a linux experience
Emmanuel Branlard
March 2012
Contents
I
Notes on linux
8
1 Unix commands
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vi Vim or gVim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vim Colorscheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vim QuickFix window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vim-latex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vim en color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grep - List of my REGEXP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FORLOOPS/ FIND / XARGS and SPACECHARACTERS
TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TEST - COMPOUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STANDARD IN, STANDARD OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Command FIND - application to album cover le . . . . . .
Remove consecutive blank lines - duplicate empty line . . .
AWK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DU and DF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Patches - apply patch - create patch -reverse patch . . . . .
Git . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Latex
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
Install new latex font . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tkz and gnuplot - problem with gnuplot 4.4
svg2latex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Latex et packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Latex et windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3 Debian wheezy with xfce4
3.1 Important stu to do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Rhythmbox problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Debian squeeze - tweaks - latest updates
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Important stu to do . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FlashPlayer - plugin for mozilla . . . . . . .
Chrome - Get latest java working . . . . . .
Compiling evince 2.31 on debian squeeze . .
Compiling inkscape 0.48 for debian squeeze
Xfce4.8 on debian squeeze . . . . . . . . . .
1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
9
9
9
12
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
19
19
19
19
20
20
21
21
22
23
23
23
23
24
25
25
CONTENTS
5 APPPLICATIONS
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
5.22
5.23
5.24
5.25
5.26
5.27
5.28
5.29
5.30
5.31
5.32
5.33
5.34
5.35
5.36
5.37
5.38
5.39
5.40
5.41
5.42
5.43
5.44
5.45
5.46
5.47
xrandr - arandr - Dynamic Multiple screens - xinerama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Download google books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thunderbird with calendar - Debian squeeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vmail - gmail in vim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vimperator - plugin to use vi in refox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use Vi mode in bash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Playlists - Format - Conversions - Rhythmbox - Solving the problem of moved les
Send email with attachment using the shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mp3 tag from lenamejwith tagtool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equalize MP3 using mp3 gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xls2csv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PDF password - password crack - pdfcrack - bypass - print by keeping CR . . . . .
R - Bypass user le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iceweasel Backspace to go back one page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Congure pulseaudio for Debian - Iceweasel Soud problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Custom letypes in geany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indexation - Search in pdf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCR Text recognition and searchable PDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Antivirus for linux- ClamAV - freshclam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Install Microsoft Oce 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mount .bin/.cue - convert them to .iso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pdf2png - pdftopng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuseiso - Monter iso facilement- thunar shortcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meld : File/Folder comparison- thunar shortcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Catsh : Find les- thunar shortcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Java - iceweasel debian - Network problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Snapshot - Capture d'ecran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FOR LOOPS/ FIND / XARGS and SPACE CHARACTERS -> Find in PDF . . .
Iceweasel / Firefox et java plugin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VISIO 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Firefox / iceweasel slow, tweak it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PDF Croping - suppression d'espace de marges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renommage massif unix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Faire un dictionaire - Compter le nombre de keywords d'une page web . . . . . . .
Aspirer un site avec wget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Modication pdf - Avec le paquet pdftk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manipulation d'images en masse : image magick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Evince cannot open any pdf documents anymore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio format conversion : ogg, au, mp3, wav, snd,ai ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
dos2unix : package tofrodos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Listen ou Exaile ou Quod libet ou banshee ou xrmms pour remplacer Amarok . . .
WICD pour remplacer Gnome Netwok Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installer un nouveau pager : most . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gparted equivalent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logiciels equivalent linux / windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personaliser xterm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RAW photo images nikon .NEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E. Branlard
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
27
29
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
33
33
33
37
37
38
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
40
41
41
42
42
43
44
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
48
2
CONTENTS
6 Xorg - clavier souris touchpad
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
Starting dierent x servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bien lire le log Xorg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Xorg ou/et HAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
X11 working x11 without hald/dbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Numlockx conicting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ctrl alt Backspace to restart X server . . . . . . . . . . . . .
QWERTY et accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Get keyboard keycodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monitor going to sleep after 10 minutes - Power management
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Important xfce folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remember where xfce4-panel layout is stored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disable roll up of windows with mousewheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tiling with xfwm4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accessing les on the desktop without having to go to the desktop . . . . . .
Cleaning up Xfce menu - applications wine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Understanding Mimetypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Command for Toggle Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thunar - Congure shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xfce shortcuts are stored in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thunar - User customed actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XFCE Default User directories - Thunar Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Astuce XFCE : transparent background for panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Astuce XFCE : Handle acpi event for power button, show Xfce logout options
Xubuntu xfce saved session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound mixing - xfce4-volumed - amixer - pulseaudio . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Applications pour environnement xfce sans dependances gnome ou kde . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7 XFCE - xfce4
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
7.17
7.18
8 SYSTEM
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.11
8.12
8.13
8.14
8.15
8.16
8.17
8.18
8.19
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Password protect single user mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Turn o php expose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heure machine exact - NTP daemon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase password strength with PAM cracklib or passwdqc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Init Boot sequence messages in color - [ok] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nettoyage des log automatique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Informations systeme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Addressse MAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Journaux systemes - bootlog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Add a path to locate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANSI Escape sequences - escape codes for bashrc and login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Geeking around with the login prompt - Customization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A quiet boot with color-coded error messages in Debian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use aptitude - Utiliser aptitude - liste de paquets - dpkg - apt-get - Manage Packages package list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bien maitriser ses paquets - application a nvidia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Command to reload fstab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changer le nom de votre machine, change hostname . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rendre clef USB amorcable - install distribution iso from usb bootable . . . . . . . . .
Comment savoir si on est 32 ou 64bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E. Branlard
49
49
49
49
50
50
51
51
51
51
53
53
53
53
53
54
55
55
55
56
56
56
56
56
57
57
58
58
59
60
60
60
60
60
60
61
61
61
62
62
62
63
63
63
64
64
64
65
65
3
CONTENTS
8.20
8.21
8.22
8.23
8.24
8.25
8.26
8.27
8.28
8.29
8.30
8.31
8.32
8.33
ExÃ©cuter plusieurs versions de Debian avec chroot . . . . . . . . . . . .
Probleme d'heure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Make your own init script - launching scripts at boot - init.d . . . . . . .
Bip systeme - tab - arret systeme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Congurer son reseau a la main . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conversion UTF8 ISO-8859-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Initramfs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restaurer une installation Debian - Restore Debian install - Package list
Accents, caracteres accentues, font terminal amarok . . . . . . . . . . . .
Congurer sudoers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Eteindre / redemarrer : droits utilisateur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Demarrage - gestionnaire de connexion - autologin . . . . . . . . . . . .
Demarrage - gestionnaire de connexion - auto-startx - autostartx . . . .
Autologin, fenetre de connexion sans gdm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
66
66
66
67
67
67
68
68
68
68
69
69
70
70
9 FILESYSTEMS, UTILISATEURS, GROUPES, DROITS
71
10 Grub, dual-boot, MBR
79
11 WIFI
82
12 SERVERS - PHP SQL APACHE SAMBA FTP SSH
87
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
Policykit - local authority - rights for reboot, mount usb etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Les droits d'endossement SetUID et SetGID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Begin:waiting for resume on startup, resume process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forcer le montage en ecriture d'une partition ntfs apres un mauvais demontage de windows
Disque externe en lecture seule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilisateurs et groupes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Droits partage dossier chiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
org.freedesktop.hal.storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.1 Congure Grub 2 - create grub.d congs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.2 Instal grub in MBR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.3 Installer un dual boot avec Vista, sans utiliser le MBR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.1 Congurer ma carte wi bcm4312, broadcom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.2 Cracker wi WEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.3 Monitor mode for wi usb key : TL-WN321G chipset Ralink rt73 . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.1 VirtualBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.2 SQL editor: sqlitebrowser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.3 Free shell servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.4 Debian Serveur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.5 Video surveillance - Zone minder . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.6 CUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.7 Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.8 Creer une base de donnees sql pour amarok . . . . . .
12.9 PHP mysql et apache sous ubuntu . . . . . . . . . . .
12.10Apache - example of htaccess le . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.11Apache - probleme de liens symbolic . . . . . . . . . .
12.12Aide server apache - les bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.13Aide server apache - l'autoindex et le probleme de php
12.14Aide server apache - protection par mot de passe . . .
12.15iptables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.16Server FTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.17DynDNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E. Branlard
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
71
72
73
74
74
74
75
77
79
79
81
82
85
86
87
87
87
88
89
89
90
90
90
92
93
94
94
95
96
96
97
4
CONTENTS
12.18Voisimage reseau : pyNeighborhood . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.19Samba fusesmb pyNeighborhood . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.20Communiquer avec les reseaux microsoft . . . . . . . . .
12.21Activation du voisinage rÃ©seau Windows dans Thunar .
12.22fusemb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13 Multimedia
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5
13.6
Lire wmv windows media video ? . .
Video capture . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timidity is not yet congured. . . .
Timidity GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FFMPEG et MP3 lame sous debian
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
14 Optimizations ?
14.1 Swappiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.2 Optimisation - Date de modif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.3 Readahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.4 Optimisation - Preload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.5 Optimisation - DÃ©marrer les applications plus rapidement avec Prelink
14.6 Optimisation - Suppression services - Init scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.7 Bootchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.8 Optimisation - Cong reseau demarrage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.9 Optimisation - chargement polices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.10Open oce optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
98
98
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
101
101
102
102
102
103
104
104
104
108
108
109
109
15 Misceleanous
110
II
112
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
Java Gcj versus Sun - select defaults JVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connexion ssh avec mot de passe automatique, methode bourrin mot de passe en clair
Nvidia drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virer le Usplash splash screen demarrage ubuntu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supplementary notes
16 Conguration Files
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.7
/.bashrc . . . .
/.bash_prole
/.xinitrc . . . .
/.xsession . . .
/.Xdefaults . .
/.vimrc . . . .
/.conkyrc . . .
17 Shell scripts
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.8
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
exaileplaylist2rhythmox
cnx-vjk.expect . . . . . .
backupSyst . . . . . . .
RisoUnMount . . . . . .
showTag . . . . . . . . .
syncStorage . . . . . . .
audioInfo . . . . . . . .
shrinkFig2 . . . . . . . .
E. Branlard
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
110
110
110
111
113
113
115
116
117
118
118
126
127
127
128
128
130
131
131
132
133
5
CONTENTS
17.9 ifort-setup . . . . . . . . .
17.10texclean . . . . . . . . . .
17.11sendit . . . . . . . . . . .
17.12topdf . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.13pdfFind . . . . . . . . . .
17.14GETAPTKEY . . . . . .
17.15shrinkFig . . . . . . . . .
17.16svg2latex.py . . . . . . . .
17.17RisoMount . . . . . . . .
17.18xfce4ToggleDesktop . . . .
17.19pdfocr . . . . . . . . . . .
17.20pdfocr-tess . . . . . . . . .
17.21PulseMediaKeys.sh . . . .
17.22alarmaniac . . . . . . . . .
17.23keyboardSetup . . . . . .
17.24pdfAutoRename . . . . .
17.25unix2win . . . . . . . . . .
17.26formatWebVersion . . . .
17.27DoBootchart . . . . . . .
17.28Terminator.sh . . . . . . .
17.29svg2png . . . . . . . . . .
17.30m3u2xspf.py . . . . . . . .
17.31tomp3 . . . . . . . . . . .
17.32ECN-RenameByTitle.sh .
17.33rhythmboxplaylist2exaile .
17.34rhythmboxstart . . . . . .
17.35keywordsSetUp . . . . . .
17.36pm-inhibit.py . . . . . . .
17.37pdfBind . . . . . . . . . .
17.38compilWebVersion . . . .
17.39LaunchSession.sh . . . . .
17.40rhythmboxstartlong . . . .
17.41convertEnc . . . . . . . .
17.42pdfAlternRotation . . . .
17.434terms . . . . . . . . . . .
17.44MoveWindowLeftRight.sh
17.45ScreenConf.sh . . . . . . .
17.46xsetnumlock.c . . . . . . .
17.47ref . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.48DEFAULT . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
133
133
134
135
135
136
136
137
147
147
147
148
150
151
151
152
154
155
155
155
156
158
160
161
161
162
163
163
163
164
168
168
169
172
173
173
173
173
174
174
18 Debian
176
19 Fluxbox
185
18.1 Install Debian from scratch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
18.2 Program list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
19.1 Install Debian with Fluxbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
19.2 Notes on Fluxbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
19.3 Tuning Fluxbox Appearence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
E. Branlard
6
CONTENTS
20 Languages and programs
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
Unix . . . . . .
Awk . . . . . .
Vim . . . . . .
Language C++
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
188
188
189
190
192
21 Makeles
195
22 Kernel compilation
203
21.1 Fortran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
21.2 Latex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
23 Old notes on linux
23.1 Google Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.2 Matlab : Ajouter un repertoire dans la variable PATH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.3 Congure skype sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.4 Hacker xterm - source code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.5 Congurer Geany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.6 Telecharger les jaquettes des pistes de la liste de lecture d'amarok dans leur dossier
23.7 Cong souris logitech lx8 left handed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.8 Mise en veille et hibernation qui plante avec cartes Nvidia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.9 Equivalent win split revolution with wmctrl - raccourcis clavier xfce . . . . . . . . .
23.10Tip XFCE : How to include all application while switching windows . . . . . . . .
23.11Migrate from Ext3 a Ext4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.12Fluxbox et wi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.13WIFI, et GESTIONNAIRE DE TROUSSEAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.14Probleme gnome barre verticale - liste de fenetres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.15Mot de passe mise en veille . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.16NetworkManager - wi au reveil apres mise en veille ou hibernation . . . . . . . . .
23.17Histoire de memoire vive detectee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.18Debian - conseil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.19Optimisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E. Branlard
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
210
210
210
210
211
211
211
211
212
212
214
214
215
215
216
217
217
217
217
218
7
Part I
Notes on linux
8
Chapter
1
Unix commands
1.1 Commands
* s o r t S o r t s l i n e s i n a s c e n d i n g , d e s c e n d i n g and unique o r d e r
* grep Searches for r e g u l a r e x p r e s s i o n s in s t r i n g s or f i l e s
* basename S t r i p s t h e path from a path s t r i n g t o l e a v e j u s t t h e
filename
* dirname Removes t h e f i l e from a path s t r i n g t o l e a v e j u s t t h e
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
pathname
c u t Chops up a t e x t s t r i n g by c h a r a c t e r s o r f i e l d s
wc Count t h e c h a r a c t e r s , words , o r l i n e s
[ ( test ) ] Predicate or c o n d i t i o n a l p r o c e s s o r
t r ' a ' ' b ' Transform c h a r a c t e r s
expr Simple a r i t h m e t i c p r o c e s s o r
bc B a s i c C a l c u l a t o r
eval E v a l u a t e v a r i a b l e s
echo Output s t r i n g s
date Create date s t r i n g s
nawk Manipulate t e x t s t r i n g s
head | t a i l A c c e s s l i n e s i n f i l e s
sed stream e d i t o r , p e r f o r m s s e a r c h and r e p l a c e
1.2 Vi Vim or gVim
%%
%Motions
:
h j k l 0 $ ^
$%s i m u l t i l i g n e s : u t i l i s e r gk g j g $ g0
12G : go t o l i n e 12
M : go t o t h e middle o f t h e s c r e e n
%z s t u f f − combine i t with : s e t s c r o l l o f f =3 f o r a smooother s c r e e n
offset
z t : w i l l s c r o l l s o t h a t t h e c u r r e n t c u r s o r i s a t t h e top
z z : w i l l s c r o l l s o t h a t t h e c u r r e n t c u r s o r i s a t t h e middle
zb : w i l l s c r o l l s o t h a t t h e c u r r e n t c u r s o r i s a t t h e bottom
CTRL−E CTRL−Y : s c r o l l down
CTRL−B CTRL−F : page backwards page f o r w a r d
CTRL−U CTRL−D : h a l f page up h a l f page down , o r whatever you s e t with
s c r o l l ( d e f a u l t s c r o l l =0)
CTRL−o CTRL− I : go t o o l d e r / newr p o s i t i o n
w b e : next / p r e v i o u s word
W B E : same but u s e s s p a c e s a s d e l i m i t e r s
9
CHAPTER 1. UNIX COMMANDS
%%
%
Basic
<C−r> : r e d o ! ! !
u U : undo
w : save
wq : s a v e and q u i t
ZZ : s a v e and c l o s e f i l e
%%
%
I n s e r t i o n s ( ne pas s e l i m i t e r a i ! ! ! )
a i o
A I O
%%
%
x
xp
dd
dj
dw
de
D e l e t i o n / Change
/
Selection
: r e v e r s e two l e t t e r s , u s e f u l l
Copy − Same b e h a v i o r
/
for
typos l i k e : f r o
: d e l e t e c u r r e n t l i n e and below
: d e l e t e t h e r e s t o f t h e word and next s p a c e ( good f o r f u l l words )
: d e l e t e r e s t o f t h e word but not t h e s p a c e ( good f o r t h e end o f a word
)
%%
%
di }
dt }
df }
vi }
va }
yi }
ci }
Block s t u f f ( don ' t know p r o p e r term )
o r d i { : d e l e t e e v e r y t h i n g between b r a c k e t s
: d e l e t e t o l l t h e next b r a k e t but d o e s not d e l e t e t h e }
: same but d e l e t e t h e b r a c k e t
: s e l e c t e v e r y t h i n g between b r a c e s ( same a s v i { )
: idem but i n c l u d e s b r a c e s
: copy c o n t e n t between b r a c e s
: etc . .
% Upercase −> t i l l t h e end
D o r d $ : d e l e t e t i l l end o f l i n e
The same apply f o r c and C, v V
$
%%
%
Replacement
r
cw : change word
bde : d e l e t e c u r r e n t word i n t o t a l l i t y
bce : change c u r r e n t word i n t o t a l l i t y
~ : switch uppercase lowercase
%%
%
Programming
% : go t o next b r a c e
zo : open f o l d e d code
z f i n v e r b o s e mode t o f o l d
zR : u n f o l d a l l l e v e l s
zM : f o l d a l l
za : t o g g l e paragraph f o l d i n g , vim− l a t e x o n l y ?
< > : indent , use . to repeat
>>< << : i n d e n t
] p : l i k e p but a d j u s t s i n d e n t
== : a u t o i n d e n t s e l e c t i o n ?
= : autoindent l i n e
I f on a f i r s t b r a k e t { then : =% w i l l i n d e n t e v e r y t h i n t o t h e matchning
bracket
I f w i t h i n g a code b l o c k then =a { w i l l work a s w e l l
%%
%
set
E. Branlard
Paragraph r e f o r m a t i n g
t e x t w i d t h =80 0 t o c a n c e l
10
gqap : c u r r e n t paragraph
gggqG : a l l p a r a g r a p h s i n f i l e
J
: j o i n with l i n e below ; whole f i l e : u s e cmd p a s t e
rENTER : s p l i t . .
%%
%
Copy p a s t e c u t
p : put a f t e r ( u s e s t h e r e g i s t e r " , i . e . e q u i v a l e n t t o " "p )
P : put b e f o r e
yy p : copy p a s t e one l i n e
dd p : c u t p a s t e one l i n e
v y P : s e l e c t copy p a s t e
"+y e t "+gp ou "+gP c o p i e e n t r e documents ? ? ? ?
" 0p : p a s t e t h e r e g i s t e r 0 ( i . e . t h e one t h a t has been yanked )
: reg display r e g i s t e r s
%%
%
Marks ( u s e f u l l when c o p y i n g smthg f a r away )
ma : mark ' a ' , not a command no :
` a : go t o a
%%
%
S e a r c h and r e p l a c e
: s e a r c h , moving with n and N
: s / aa / bb / g : a l l i n c u r r e n t l i n e
:% s / aa / bb / g : i n a l l document
: l 1 , l 2 s / aa / bb / g : a l l between l 1 and l 2
: set hlsearch
: nohlsearch
/
% i n s e r t at beginning of l i n e
S e l e c t b e g i n n i n g o f l i n e u s i n g CTR−V then SHIFT+I then type t e x t t o i n s e r t
, then ESC ( not CTRL+C)
% a t end o f l i n e :
:<,> s /$/TEXT/ g
b l a bla −$
%%
%
Buffers
A l l f i l e s open i n vim a r e l i s t e d a s b u f f e r s . They can be opened , i n tab o r
windows , i t d o e s n t matter . This means t h a t a t any time you can a c c e s s
any b u f f e r and put i t i n a tab o r a window
: ls : list
: bn
: b number : go t o b u f f e r number
: bd : c l o s e s c u r r e n t b u f f e r
%%
%
. Vimrc f i l e
: s o % : s o u r c e t h e f i l e you a r e e d i t i n g . i f i t ' s . vimrc , then c o n f i g i s
reloaded automatically
%%
%
Windows
: sp : opens i n a s p l i t window
<C−W> s : s p l i t s h o r i z o n t a l l y
<C−W> v : s p l i t s v e r t i c a l l y
<C−W> w : l o o p through windows
<C−W> j k h l : move between windows
<C−W> _ : maximize window
<C−W> c : c l o s e window
%%
%
Tabs
: tabnew : new tab
: t a b e : open a f i l e i n a new tab
E. Branlard
11
: tabc
: tabn o r gT : next tab
: tabN o r g t : p r e v i o u s tab
%%
%
INSERT mode
CTRL+C CTRL+[ o r ESC t o e s c a p e
CTRL+N CTRL+P : Word/ v a r i a b l e /command c o m p l e t i o n ! ! !
CTRL+H : b a c k s p a c e
LOOK a t my vimrc f o r my I n s e r t s e t t i n g s
%%
%
t h e g command on a c u r r e n t word
% go t o d e f i n i t i o n
gd gD
g * : l o o k f o r t h i s word ( i t s t a r t s i m m e d i a t e l y . . s o u s e CTRL−O t o go t o
previous position )
%%
%
Rec or di ng
qa r e c o r d a macro i n r e c o r d i n g a
q stops recording
@a : r e p e a t r e c o r d i n g
%%
%
Command h i s t o r y
i n many s i t u a t i o n s , a b e t t e r s o l u t i o n i s t h e command− l i n e window which you
can open i n two ways :
Type q : f o r commands , o r q / f o r s e a r c h e s ; o r
Type : o r / t o s t a r t e n t e r i n g a command o r s e a r c h , then p r e s s t h e '
c e d i t ' key ( d e f a u l t i s C t r l − f : h e l p ' c e d i t ' ) .
The advantage o f t h e command− l i n e window i s t h a t you can u s e a l l Vim ' s
e d i t i n g power , i n c l u d i n g s e a r c h i n g with ' / ' i n normal mode , o r u s i n g
whole − l i n e c o m p l e t i o n ( : h e l p compl−whole − l i n e ) i n i n s e r t mode . A f t e r
e d i t i n g a command , you can :
P r e s s Enter t o e x e c u t e t h e c u r r e n t l i n e ( and c l o s e t h e command− l i n e
window ) ; o r
P r e s s C t r l −c t w i c e t o c l o s e t h e command− l i n e window ( c a n c e l ) .
1.3 Vim Colorscheme
for
: so
t e s t s ( : help hi )
$VIMRUNTIME/ s y n t a x / h i t e s t
. vim
$
1.4 Vim QuickFix window
: cn : go t o next e r r o r
: cp : go t o p r e v i o u s e r r o r
: cw : open q u i c k f i x window : cope
: c l : c l o s e q u i c k f i x window
1.5 Vim-latex
E. Branlard
12
<−−>:
p r e s s CTRL−J t o go t o
%%
%
Vim Latexcommands with s w i t c h \
\ l l : compile
\ l v : view
\ rf : refresh folds
%%
%
Completion
<F9> and g r e p i n s t a l l e d
%%
%
SCH
SSE
SSS
SPG
Latex i n i n s e r t mode
: chapters
: sections
: sub
: paragraph
%e n v i r o n m e n t s
EIF : i n s e r t f i g u r e
EIT : i t e m i z e
then <A−I> f o r i t e m s
EEQ
# where I p u t t h e Imaps and some s h o r t c u t s . On windows , i n MyImpas . vim i n
the f o l d e r plugin
a f t e r / f t p l u g i n / t e x . vim
% maths s t u f f s
`/ : frac
` I : int
<A−L> a f t e r o f b e f o r e a p a r e n t h e s i s , c o m p l e t e s i t with \ l e f t
%%
%
%%
%
`{
`(
...
R e f e r e n c e s and c i t a t i o n s c o m p l e t i o n with <F9> ! ! !
LATEX VISUAL mode
p u t s \ l e f t { around s e l e c t i o n
%%
%
Bib f i l e s
BBB : new e n t r y
1.6 Vim en color
Dans l e home m e t t r e un f i c h i e r . vimrc avec :
s y n t a x enable
s e t background=dark
f i l e t y p e on
A p a r t ca , pour un s i m p l e f i c h i e r t a p e r " : s y n t a x e n a b l e " s u f f i t
− S i on a c e message :
E319 : Sorry , t h e command i s not a v a i l a b l e i n t h i s v e r s i o n : s y n t a x on
a l o r s f a i r e un a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l vim ( c a r t o u s l e s runtime ne s o n t pas
presents )
1.7 Grep - List of my REGEXP
− I n r s i : my t y p i c a l o p t i o n
E. Branlard
13
−s I r n i
Basics options :
−r : r e c u r s i v e i n f o l d e r s
−− c o l o r=auto : f o r b e t t e r d i s p l a y
−I : i g n o r e b i n a r y f i l e s
−E : w i l l i n t e r p r e t t h e p a t t e r n a s an extended r e g e x p
−F : w i l l i n t e r p r e t t h e p a t t e r n a s a f i x e d s t r i n g
− i : i g n o r e c a se
−n : l i n e number
− s : remove e r r o r m ess age s
g r e p − r I −− c o l o r=auto p a t t e r n . /*
Geany :
−nHIiF
%%
%
Regexp
Remember :
. : match one unique char , d o e s not depend on what i s b e f o r e
* : z e r o , one o r s e v e r a l times what i s b e f o r e
? : z e r o o r one time
+ : one time o r more
( ) , n} : n times
( ) {m, n} : between m and n
%Dates :
echo " 1 18 19 20 21 1665 1620 1865 1995 2010 2100 " | g r e p −E " ( 1 8 | 1 9 | 2 0 )
[0 − 9]{2} "
%E x t e n s i o n s 3−4 c h a r a c t e r s
echo " s d f . png" | g r e p −E " [ . ] [ a−zA−Z ] { 3 , 4 } $ "
% f i l e name u g l y
echo " s d f l _d s Ã © f − k l k f . ds f s k f j s " | g r e p −E " ^ [ a−Z0 −9\_ − ] * [ . ] "
f i l e n a m e = $ { f %. * }
1.8 FORLOOPS/ FIND / XARGS and SPACECHARACTERS
#!
/ b i n / bash
" Looking f o r " $ 1
echo
SAVEIFS=$ IFS
IFS=$ ( echo −en " \n\b" )
for
i i n ` f i n d −name " * . pdf " − p r i n t f '%h /%f \n '
2>
/ dev / n u l l
`
do
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
"$ i " ;
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
p d f t o t e x t $ i − | g r e p −− c o l o r=always
s t r i n g s "$ i " | g r e p $1
echo
echo
#
done ;
$1
IFS=$SAVEIFS
1.9 TEST
E. Branlard
14
Look a t Compound !
%%
%
[ −z
S t r i n g i s empty
$ { var } ]
Conditionnals t e s t s are in bracket [ ]
See man t e s t f o r d e t a i l s , l i k e :
E x p r e s s i o n comparison : ! EX1 −a Ex2 , Ex1 −o Ex2
S t r i n g comp : S1 = S2 , S1 !=S2
I n t comp :
I 1 −ne I 2
IF
if
:
[] ||
WARNING
[]
!!
&&
[] ;
then
...;
elif
[] ;
then
you need s p a c e s around [ and =
...;
else
...;
fi
!!!!!!!!!!
1.10 TEST - COMPOUND
%%
%
S t r i n g matching
[ [ " abc d e f . d , x−−" == a [ abc ] * \ ?d * ] ] ;
echo $ ?
1.11 STANDARD IN, STANDARD OUT
| : PIPE
. / c o m p i l e_a s t r a 2>&1 | t e e l o g . loG
1.12 Shell
e x t e n s i o n = $ { f #* . }
f i l e n a m e = $ { f %. * }
%%
%
l o c a t i o n for local s c r i p t s
% i f local p a r t i t i o n
(/usr/local/bin )
% o r i n . bash_ p r o f i l e
PATH=$PATH: /home/manu/ s c r i p t s /
1.13 Command FIND - application to album cover le
#f i n d . / −name " * . j p g "
toCover . sh :
#! / b i n / sh
− e x e c echo " ` dirname "{}" ` / c o v e r . j p g " \ ;
a=$ 1
"$a "
path =` dirname " $ a " `
echo " $ path "
cp " $ a " " $ path / c o v e r . j p g "
echo " "
echo
E. Branlard
15
f i n d . / −name " * . j p g "
f i n d . / −name " * . JPG"
−exec . / toCover . sh ' { } ' \ ;
−exec . / toCover . sh ' { } ' \ ;
f i n d . / −name " * .wma"
−exec wma2mp3 ' { } ' \ ;
f i n d . /* − s i z e 0b −type f −exec
rm
{} \ ;
1.14 Remove consecutive blank lines - duplicate empty line
h t t p : // unstableme . b l o g s p o t . com/ 2008 / 12 / remove− d u p l i c a t e −blank − l i n e s −bash −
awk . html
%%
% Way1 :
c a t ( 1 ) g i v e s an o p t i o n named
−s , −− s q u e e z e −blank
which s a y s : n e v e r more than one s i n g l e blank l i n e
$ c a t −s f i l e . t x t
%%
% Way2 :
$ awk ' /^$/ { i f ( ! blank++) p r i n t ; next } { blank =0; p r i n t } ' f i l e . t x t
1.15 AWK
i s a p a t t e r n s c a n n i n g and p r o c e s s i n g l a n g u a g e .
By d e f a u l t i t r e a d s s t a n d a r d i n p u t and w r i t e s s t a n d a r d output .
awk
Usage : awk − f p r o g f i l e [ −− ] f i l e
Usage : awk ' program ' f i l e
Usage : . / a w k f s c r i p t
−F ,
: f i e l d s e p a r a t o r comma ( , )
−F " ; "
: f i e l d s e p a r a t o r semicolumn ( ; )
−F " ; | , " : f i e l d s e p a r a t o r semicolumn o r comma ( ; )
#f i r s t 1000 l i n e s
awk 'NR<1000 { p r i n t } ' r a d i a l . i n i >r a d i
#l i g n e s p a i r e s
NR % 2 == 1 { p r i n t
$0
}
#a f f i c h e l e numero de l i g n e
{ p r i n t NR, $ 0 }
# First three f i e l d s
awk −F , 'NR>1 { p r i n t
$1 ,$2 ,$3;}
# Not matching a p a t t e r n
awk ' ! / D i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t
$0
' tab . c s v > tab2
} ' d r i f t . in
# Cut a l i n e e v e r y 20 f i e l d s
awk −F , ' { f o r ( i =1; i<=NF; i=i +1){ i f ( ( i %20)==0
){
p r i n t f $ i " ; " } } p r i n t f " \n"
} ' p . c s v >r . c s v
printf
$i
" ; \ n"
} else {
# p r i n t sum o f f i r s t r e c o r d
awk ' { sum += $ 1 } ; END { p r i n t sum } ' f i l e
awk
E. Branlard
−F= 'NR<10 { f o r ( i =1; i<=NF; i ++){ p r i n t f
$i
"=" } ; p r i n t " " } ' d r i f t . i n
16
#p r i n t f "&NEWRUN\n
D i s t r i b u t i o n =' $ b u n c h d i r /$ 3 '\ n" | t e e
$2>/ dev / n u l l
#awk 'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1; FS=" ,|="}; / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){
i f ( $ i ~/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / ) {} e l s e { p r i n t " " , $ i ,"=" , $ ( i +1)} }
} NR>1 &&
/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t } ' $ c a s e d i r /$ 2 > $ t e m p B u f f e r
#c a t $ t e m p B u f f e r | t e e −a $2>/ dev / n u l l
awk
#!
'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1; FS=" ,|= " } ; / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){
( $ i ~/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / ) { s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ; p r i n t a [ 1 ] = a [ 2 ; ] } e l s e {
p r i n t " " , $ i , "=" , $ ( i +1)} }
} NR>1 && ! / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t } ' $
c a s e d i r /$ 2 D i s t r i b u t i o n =\' $ b u n c h d i r /$ 3\'> $ 2
!
if
/ b i n / awk
BEGIN {
IGNORECASE=1
FS=" ,|= "
s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ;
b=t o l o w e r ( a [ 1 ] )
}
$0 ~
b { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){ i f ( $ i ~b ) { s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ; p r i n t " " , a
[ 1 ] , "=" , a [ 2 ] ; } e l s e { gsub ( " " , " " , $ i ) ; p r i n t " " , $ i , "=" , $ ( i +1)} }
}
$0 !~ b { p r i n t }
1.16 DU and DF
%%
%DU
du −sh FOLDER/FILE : d i s k u t i l i s a t i o n , r e a d a b l e by human , s : i n c l u d e
subfolders
t h e above w i l l return t h e t o t a l
#l i s t i n g s p a c e used by t h e s u b f o l d e r s i n t h e c u r r e n t f o l d e r
a l i a s duf ='du −−max−depth=1 −h '
%%
%DF
d f −a l : d i s k s p a c e
a l i a s d f =' d f −hT | e g r e p − i " f i l e | ^ / " '
1.17 Patches - apply patch - create patch -reverse patch
%apply a patch
patch −p1 < / path / t o / f i l e . patch
man patch
%r e v e r s e a patch
patch −R < / path / t o / f i l e . path
% c r e a t e a patch
d i f f −crB F o l d e r 1 F o r l d e r 2 > F o l d e r . patch
E. Branlard
17
1.18 Git
% download l a t e s t v e r s i o n
g i t c l o n e g i t : // g i t . gnome . o r g / e v i n c e
g i t branch : l i s t b r a n c h e s
g i t branch −a : a l l
% c r e a t e a l o c a l branch c o r r e s p o n d i n g t o t h e remote branch
g i t c h e c k o u t −b l o c a l −gnome −2−30 r e m o t e s / o r i g i n / gnome −2−30
% s w i t c h t o a s p e c i f i c branch ( u p d a t e s f i l e s ) ( u s e l e s s a f t e r p r e v i o u s
command and t h e s w i t c h −b )
g i t c h e c k o u t l o c a l −gnome −2−30
% Make d i r e c t o r y a c c o r d i n g t o t h i s branch
%g i t p u l l
E. Branlard
18
Chapter
2
Latex
2.1 Install new latex font
Go on t h e CTAN page c o n c e r n i n g urw a r i a l and
best option !
as root or s t a f f or
g e t n o n f r e e f o n t s −s y s
read
t h e readme , that ' s t h e
u s e r ???
−− h e l p
−− l s f o n t s
a r i a l −urw
−− a l l
%%
%
g e t n o n f r e e f o n t s − s y s a r i a l −urw
% l o o k now f o r ua1 . map ( sudo updatedb , l o c a t e ua1 . map) p r o b a b l y i n
l o c a l / texmf /
echo 'Map ua1 . map ' > / e t c / texmf /updmap . d /25− a r i a l
update −updmap
vim / var / l i b / texmf / web2c /updmap . c f g
udpmap− s y s
/usr/
texhash
updmap −−enable Map u t o p i a . map
2.2 Tkz and gnuplot - problem with gnuplot 4.4
Ed it / u s r / s h a r e / texmf / t e x / g e n e r i c / p g f / modules / p g f m o d u l e p l o t . code . t e x
R ep l ac e
\ x d e f \ pgf@gnuplot@head#1{ s e t t e r m i n a l t a b l e ; s e t o u t p u t "#1. t a b l e " ; s e t
format "%.5 f "}
By
\ x d e f \ pgf@gnuplot@head#1{ s e t t a b l e ; s e t o u t p u t "#1. t a b l e " ; s e t format
"%.5 f "}
2.3 svg2latex
19
CHAPTER 2. LATEX
With i n k s c a p e 0.48 − 1 − 2 , no need t o u s e t h e s c r i p t s v g 2 l a t e x . py :
i n k s c a p e −z −D −− f i l e =A. svg −−export−pdf=A. pdf −−export− l a t e x
B e t t e r , t h i s can be run when t h e f i l e i s changed d i r e c l t y from l a t e x with :
an svg i n l u d e d with t h e a d e f i n e d command " i n c l u d e s v g "
\newcommand{\ e x e c u t e i f f i l e n e w e r } [ 3 ] { %
\ ifnum \ pdfstrcmp {\ p d f f i l e m o d d a t e {#1}}%
{\ p d f f i l e m o d d a t e {#2}}>0%
{\ immediate \ w r i t e 1 8 {#3}}\ f i%
}
\newcommand{\ i n c l u d e s v g } [ 1 ] { %
\ e x e c u t e i f f i l e n e w e r {#1 . s v g }{#1. p d f }
{ i n k s c a p e −z −D −− f i l e =#1 . s v g −− e x p o r t −p d f =#1. p d f −− e x p o r t − l a t e x }%
\ i n p u t {#1 . p d f_t e x}%
}
2.4 Latex et packages
editer
/ e t c / texmf / texmf
. cnf , r e p Ã ¨ r e l a l i g n e TEXMFHOME = $HOME/ texmf
comenter %, r e m p l a c e r par TEXMFHOME = /home/manu/ C o n f i g / texmf ,
c r e e r l ' a r b o r e s c e n c e texmf / t e x / l a t e x / e t y m e t t r e t o u s s e s . s t y
Puis f a i r e un :
t e x h a s h ~/ C o n f i g / texmf
p o s s i b i l i t e d ' i n s t a l l e r a u s s i t e x l i n e −g e n e r i c −e x t r a
2.5 Latex et windows
Les f i c h i e r s c r e e r s o u s windows peuvent e t r e u t i l i s e s . I l f a u t l e s o u v r i r
en 8859 − 16 pour d e t e c t e r l e s a c c e n t s .
L' entete doit etre
%\u s e p a c k a g e [ T1 ] { f o n t e n c }
\ usepackage [ l a t i n 1 ] { inputenc }
E. Branlard
20
Chapter
3
Debian wheezy with xfce4
3.1 Important stu to do
%− Check out my s c r i p t S e t u p S y s t f o r most m o d i f i c a t i o n s r e q u i r e d
%− Check t h e p o l i c i e s ( s e e my n o t e on P o l i c i k i t p o l k i t −1 i n t h i s document )
%− s e t Network automount t o f a l s e : sudo vim / u s r / s h a r e / g v f s / mounts /
network . mount
DBus e r r o r o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . DBus . E r r o r . I n v a l i d A r g s : Mountpoint Already
registered .
f i x e d i n : h t t p : // g i t . x f c e . o r g / x f c e / thunar / commit / ?h=x f c e − 4.8&i d=
a14345dafd7cb6333317d5ebddf62fbddc946c27 \
%? not t r y i e d :
h t t p s : // b u g z i l l a . x f c e . o r g / show_bug . c g i ? i d =7373
Renaming / u s r / s h a r e / g v f s / remote −volume−m o n i t o r s / gdu . monitor t o gdu .
monitor . f o o
%− o r r e c o m p i l e source ( what I ' ve
v i e w t o p i c . php? i d =112184)
cd ~/ C o n f i g / b u i l d s
mkdir thunar −nonetwork
cd thunar −nonetwork
apt −g e t source thunar
sudo apt −g e t b u i l d −dep thunar
done )
: ( h t t p s : // bbs . a r c h l i n u x . o r g /
Modify thunar / thunar − s h o r t c u t s −model . c and thunar − t r e e −model . c , and
comment t h e two l i n e s :
if
( thunar_g_v f s_i s_u r i_scheme_s u p p o r t e d ( " network " ) )
system_p a t h s = g_ l i s t _append ( system_paths , g_ f i l e _new_f o r_u r i ( "
network : // " ) ) ;
./configure
make
sudo make i n s t a l l
%−purge exim4 ( maybe u s e ssmtp i n s t e a d , s e e g m a i l )
update − r c . d − f exim4 remove
update − r c . d atd remove
update − r c . d − f l p d remove
update − r c . d − f t i m i d i t y remove
update − r c . d − f r s y n c remove
21
CHAPTER 3. DEBIAN WHEEZY WITH XFCE4
update − r c . d − f
a p t i t u d e purge
b o o t l o g s remove
b o o t l o g d remove
avahi −daemon remove
p r o c p s remove
stop −b o o t l o g d − s i n g l e remove
stop −b o o t l o g d remove
r m n o l o g i n remove
r c . l o c a l remove
cups remove
n e t w o r k i n g remove
hddtemp remove
mi n i s s d p d
%− Modify i n i t t a b
comment t h e C t r l − a l t − d e l command, o r l e a v e i t f o r 123
A f t e r d o i n g t h e a u t o l o g i n , you have t o a l l o w anybody t o run t h e x s e r v e r
sudo dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e x11−common
3.2 Rhythmbox problems
− b u i l d p l u g i n remember t h e rhythm and i n s t a l l g i r 1 .2 − peas − 1.0 , and python
− a l l wouldn ' t h u r t
− For c o v e r a r t : i n s t a l l python −g i − c a i r o
E. Branlard
22
Chapter
4
Debian squeeze - tweaks - latest updates
4.1 Important stu to do
%%
%
Gamin i n s t e a d o f fam d o e s not work t h a t w e l l
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l gamin
%%
%
m a k e f i l e c o n c u r r e n c y and readahead : a s r o o t
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l readahead readahead − f e d o r a
echo CONCURRENCY=m a k e f i l e >> / e t c / d e f a u l t / r c S
aptitude i n s t a l l insserv
dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e i n s s e r v sysv − r c
%%
%
new p a g e r
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l most
update − a l t e r n a t i v e s −− c o n f i g p a g e r
%%
%
flash
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l f l a s h p l u g i n −n o n f r e e
%%
% java
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l sun−java6 − j r e sun−java6 − p l u g i n
update −java − a l t e r n a t i v e s −−s e t java −6−sun
4.2 FlashPlayer - plugin for mozilla
i n s t a l l package f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e
For u p g r a d e s : update − f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e −− i n s t a l l
See which v e r s i o n o f f l a s h p l a y e r you have i n s t a l l e d
h t t p : //www. adobe . com/ s o f t w a r e / f l a s h / about /
4.3 Chrome - Get latest java working
This HOWTO shows how t o g e t Java Runtime r u n n i n g under Google Chrome
1 . Download Java Runtime from h t t p : //www. j a v a . com
2 . Make and opt / d i r e c t o r y i n home
23
CHAPTER 4. DEBIAN SQUEEZE - TWEAKS - LATEST UPDATES
CODE: SELECT ALL
mkdir ~/ opt
3 . Move t h e Java . b i n f i l e t o ~/ opt /
CODE: SELECT ALL
chmod +x j r e −6u18−l i n u x −x64 . b i n
. / j r e −6u18−l i n u x −x64 . b i n
cd ~/ opt / j r e 1 . 6 . 0 _18 / b i n /
ControlPanel
S e l e c t t h e Java Tab
C l i c k View . . .
C l i c k Find . . .
C l i c k Next . . .
S e l e c t ~/ opt / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_18 /
C l i c k Next . . .
C l i c k Finsh . . .
d e s e l e c t t h e o t h e r s JREs
C l i c k OK . . .
C l i c k Apply . . .
C l i c k OK . . .
4 . As r o o t
CODE: SELECT ALL
mkdir / opt / g o o g l e / chrome / p l u g i n s
cd / opt / g o o g l e / chrome / p l u g i n s
l n − s ~/ opt / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_18 / l i b / amd64 / l i b n p j p 2 . s o
5 . Run Google Chrome with p l u g i n s e n a b l e d
CODE: SELECT ALL
g o o g l e −chrome −−enable− p l u g i n s %U
Add o p t i o n : a l l o w −outdated − p l u g i n s
have t h e l a t e s t v e r s i o n
if
chrome i n s i s t s i n s a y i n g you don ' t
4.4 Compiling evince 2.31 on debian squeeze
Get source :
g i t c l o n e g i t : // g i t . gnome . o r g / e v i n c e
Dependencies
i n s t a l l gnome−common gtk −doc − t o o l s
libgnome −k e y r i n g −dev
l i b d b u s −1−dev
l i b d b u s − g l i b −1−dev
l i b p o p p l e r −dev l i b p o p p l e r − g l i b −dev
autogen . sh −− d i s a b l e − n a u t i l u s
Platform . . . . . . . . . . . :
gnome
GConf Support . . . . . . :
yes
GTK+ Unix P r i n t . . . . :
yes
Keyring Support . . . . :
yes
DBUS Support . . . . . . . :
yes
SM c l i e n t s u p p o r t . . : xsmp
Nautilus Plugin . . . . :
Thumbnailer . . . . . . . . :
E. Branlard
no
yes
24
CHAPTER 4. DEBIAN SQUEEZE - TWEAKS - LATEST UPDATES
Previewer . . . . . . . . . . :
Gtk−Doc Support . . . . :
Debug mode . . . . . . . . . :
GObj . I n t r o s p e c t i o n :
Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :
yes
no
no
no
yes
PDF Backend . . . . . . . . :
P o s t S c r i p t Backend . :
TIFF Backend . . . . . . . :
DJVU Backend . . . . . . . :
DVI Backend . . . . . . . . :
P ix bu f Backend . . . . . :
Comics Backend . . . . . :
I m p r e s s Backend . . . . :
yes
no
yes
yes
no
no
yes
no
4.5 Compiling inkscape 0.48 for debian squeeze
i n s t a l l f o l l o w i n g p a c k a g e s : i n t l t o o l l i b p n g −dev l i b g c −dev l i b f r e e t y p e 0 6 −
dev l i b l c m s −dev libgtkmm −2.4 − dev l i b x s l t −dev l i b g s l 0 −dev l i b b o o s t −dev
l i b p o p t −dev libwpg −dev l i b m a g i c k++−dev
run . / c o n f i g u r e and l o o k a t what i t s a y s . I might have m i s p e l l e d some
packages . .
make
4.6 Xfce4.8 on debian squeeze
h t t p : // ahwhattheheck . w o r d p r e s s . com/ 2011 / 07 / 06 / x f c e 4 −8s q u e e z e /
apt −g e t i n s t a l l g c c gcc − m u l t i l i b a u t o c o n f automake1 . 9 \
l i b t o o l f l e x b i s o n gdb gcc −4.4 − m u l t i l i b l i b m u d f l a p 0 −4.4 − dev \
gcc −4.4 − l o c a l e s l i b g c c 1 −dbg libgomp1 −dbg l i b m u d f l a p 0 −dbg \
l i b c l o o g −p p l 0 l i b p p l −c2 l i b p p l 7 automake make gnu−s t a n d a r d s \
b u i l d − e s s e n t i a l i n t l t o o l python −g o b j e c t −dev l i b d b u s −1−dev \
l i b d b u s − g l i b −1−dev xorg −dev
l i b x 1 1 −dev
l i b g t k 2 .0 − dev
l i b g l a d e 2 −dev \
libwnck −dev
l i b g u d e v −1.0 − dev
l i b n o t i f y −dev l i b g s t r e a m e r 0 .10 − dev \
l i b g h c 6 −g s t r e a m e r −dev l i b k e y b i n d e r −dev
E. Branlard
25
Chapter
5
APPPLICATIONS
5.1 xrandr - arandr - Dynamic Multiple screens - xinerama
a r a n d r i s a g r a p h i c a l t o o l f o r xrandr
make a c o n f i g u r a t i o n and export i t a s a s c r i p t .
x=` xrandr −−query | g r e p 1920 | wc − l ` ;
5.2 Download google books
Greasemonkey s c r i p t
This i s t h e most p o w e r f u l and s t a b l e way t o download Google Book . You can
e a s i l y download any book from books . g o o g l e . com u s i n g Greasemonkey
s c r i p t . J u s t f o l l o w t h e s i m p l e s t e p s below .
This hack o n l y works with f i r e f o x b r o w s e r . Make s u r e you i n s t a l l
f i r e f o x browser .
Now i n s t a l l Greasemonkey S c r i p t and then i n s t a l l Google book
downloader u s e r s c r i p t .
I n s t a l l F l a s h g o t t o f i r e f o x b r o w s e r and r e s t a r t your f i r e f o x b r o w s e r .
S e a r c h any book on books . g o o g l e . com and you ' l l n o t i c e a download
button a t t h e s i d e b a r a s shown i n s c r e e n s h o t .
C l i c k t h e download button t o download t h e images o f each . S e l e c t t h e
p a g e s you wish t o download and then r i g h t c l i c k and s e l e c t FlashGot
S e l e c t i o n t o download t h e s e l e c t e d p a g e s .
%%
%S c r i p t
topdf
%! ! ! Might have problem with D i r e c t C l a s s PseudoClass e t c , u s e :
c o n v e r t −page A4 − u n i t s P i x e l s P e r I n c h − d e n s i t y 100 f i l e s * . png f i l e . pdf
%! ! ! watch out
for
the f i l e s that are a c t u a l l y jpeg . .
5.3 Thunderbird with calendar - Debian squeeze
i c e d o v e i c e o w l −e x t e n s i o n
26
CHAPTER 5. APPPLICATIONS
5.4 Vmail - gmail in vim
has r e c e n t d e p e n d e n c i e s
5.5 Vimperator - plugin to use vi in refox
B a s i c motions from vim work : h j k l C−u C−d gg G C−b C− f C−e C−y
C−p C−n : go from one tab t o t h e o t h e r
R : refresh
C: c a n c e l
C− i : next
C−o : p r e v i o u s
d : d e l e t e tab
f o r F : a c t i v a t e h i n t s ( numbered l i n k s )
F : w i l l open i n new tab
/
n
: search
N : go through s e a r c h r e s u l t s
/
: o g o o g l e s e a r c h i n c u r r e n t window
: t g o o g l e s e a r c h i n new tab
5.6 Use Vi mode in bash
###B a s i c s
In your . b a s h r c :
s e t −o v i
When t y p i n g a
command,
p r e s s ESC o r CTRL− [ t o go t o v i mode
###For o t h e r t e r m i n a l app
in the . inputrc f i l e :
set
set
set
e d i t i n g −mode v i
keymap v i
c o n v e r t −meta on
### Tips
P r e s s i n g # anywhere w h i l e i n command mode w i l l make t h e command a comment
so t h a t you can a c c e s s i t l a t e r
More :
h t t p : //www. j u k i e . n e t / b a r t / b l o g / 20040326082602
man 3 r e a d l i n e
5.7 Playlists - Format - Conversions - Rhythmbox - Solving the problem of moved les
E. Branlard
27
Formats :
m3u : j u s t a l i s t o f f i l e l o c a t i o n , Comments a l l o w e d with #
x f p f : a s t a n d a r d xml
Rhythmbox u s e s i t s own xml format f o r p l a y l i s t s .
Backup t h e p l a y l i s t f i l e : ~/ . s h a r e / rhythmbox / p l a y l i s t s . xml
Thanks t o python s c r i p t s found h e r e h t t p : // ubuntuforums . o r g / showthread . php
? t =1740610 you can c o n v e r t rhythmbox xml f i l e t o a l i s t s o f m3u f i l e s
### Content o f f i l e r h y t h m b o x p l a y l i s t 2 e x a i l e :
#! / u s r / b i n / python
import os , s t r i n g
marker = 0
marker2 = 0
orderlist = []
a = open ( ' p l a y l i s t s . xml ' , ' r ' )
i f not o s . path . e x i s t s ( " p l a y l i s t s " ) :
o s . makedirs ( " p l a y l i s t s " )
os . chdir ( " p l a y l i s t s " )
z = open ( ' o r d e r_ f i l e ' , 'w' )
for l i n e in a . x r e a d l i n e s ( ) :
i f marker == 1 :
i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' < l o c a t i o n > ') != −1 and l i n e . r f i n d ( ' < / l o c a t i o n > ')
− 1:
l i n e = l i n e [ l i n e . f i n d ( ' < l o c a t i o n > ') + 1 0 : ]
l i n e = l i n e [ : l i n e . f i n d ( ' < / l o c a t i o n > ') ]
l i n e = s t r i n g . r e p l a c e ( l i n e , '&amp ; ' , '& ' )
i f marker2 == 0 :
m = open ( name + '. p l a y l i s t ' , 'w' )
z . w r i t e ( name+'\n ' )
marker2 = 1
m. w r i t e ( l i n e +'\n ' )
e l i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' ') != − 1:
i f marker2 == 0 :
!=
continue
m. w r i t e ( 'EOF\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' random_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' random_mode=S : t r a c k \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' r e p e a t_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' r e p e a t_mode=S : p l a y l i s t \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' dynamic_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' c u r r e n t_pos=I : −1\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' name=U: '+name+'\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( '_i s_custom=B : True \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( '_n e e d s_s a v e=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. c l o s e ( )
marker = 0
marker2 = 0
e l i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' ') == − 1:
l i n e = l i n e [ l i n e . f i n d ( ' < p l a y l i s t name=" ' ) + 1 6 : ]
line = line [ : line . find ( ' " ') ]
name = l i n e
marker = 1
a . close ()
E. Branlard
28
z . w r i t e ( 'EOF\n ' )
z . close ()
5.8 Send email with attachment using the shell
#mail : s i m p l e e m a i l s
m a i l − s "SUBJECT" to@serv . com < m a i l . t x t
#mutt : e m a i l s w i t h a t t a c h m e n t s
echo " t e x t " | mutt −a FILE − s SUBJECT −− to@serv . com
#mail+uencode : can send a t t a c h m e n t s
smtp o r s e n d m a i l can be used t o send m a i l s .
An e a s y way c o n s i s t s i n u s i n g an e x i s t i n g g m a i l a c c o u n t with smtp :
h t t p : //www. webupd8 . o r g / 2009 / 11 / use −gmail −to −send −e m a i l s −from − t e r m i n a l . html
See my s c r i p t
Check
for
s e n d i n g e x t e r n a l e m a i l s with Thunar .
/ var / l o g / m a i l
. log
for
errors
5.9 Mp3 tag from lenamejwith tagtool
5.10 Equalize MP3 using mp3 gain
f i n d . − name ' * . mp3 ' −exec mp3gain − r −k {} \ ;
#But f i r s t , t o h c e c k l e v e l w i t h o u t d o i n g a n y t h i n g run :
f i n d . − name ' * . mp3 ' −exec mp3gain − s s {} \ ;
5.11 xls2csv
command
among o t h e r t o o l from package " c a t d o c "
5.12 PDF password - password crack - pdfcrack - bypass - print by
keeping CR
## E n c r y p t i n g i n f o
pdfinfo
## F i r s t t r y g h o s t s c r i p t ( i f read a c c e s s b u t no modif )
g s −q −dNOPAUSE −dBATCH −sDEVICE=p d f w r i t e − s O u t p u t F i l e=unencrypted . pdf −c
. s e t p d f w r i t e − f c r y p t e d . pdf
## For b r u t e f o r c e c r a c k i n g :
E. Branlard
29
p d f c r a c k f i l e . pdf −o
p d f c r a c k f i l e . pdf −o −c ` c a t a s c i i l i s t . txt `
5.13 R - Bypass user le
R −−no− i n i t − f i l e
5.14 Iceweasel Backspace to go back one page
about : c o n f i g i n t h e a d r e s s bar
f i l t e r for backspace
s e t t h e b r o w s e r . b a c k s p a c e_a c t i o n v a l u e t o 0 .
type
5.15 Congure pulseaudio for Debian - Iceweasel Soud problem
Curent c o n f i g , t h a t seem t o work :
For skype
pulse pulse pulse
%%
% Pulse input device
I n t e r n a l Audio Analog S t e r e o −> Analog L in e In ( s e t a s f a l l b a c k ? ? ? , don ' t
put i t t o s i l e n c e ! ! ! ! )
( With h e a d s e t Analog Microphone w i l l work )
%%
%%
%%
%
%%
% / e t c / p u l s e / daemon .
high − p r i o r i t y = y e s
nice − l e v e l = −11
conf
r e a l t i m e −s c h e d u l i n g = y e s
r e a l t i m e −p r i o r i t y = 5
%%
%
Xfce a p p l i c a t i o n a u t o s t a r t
I desactivate pulseaudio
%%
% Daemon s t a r t e d a t boot ( w i l l warn b e c a u s e o f p e r u s e r s e t t i n g s )
/ e t c / i n i t . d/ p u l s e a u d i o
( update − r c . d p u l s e a u d i o d e f a u l t s )
% The o t h e r o p t i o n i s not t o s t a r t t h e daemon a t boot , and u s e x f c e
autostart .
% As i t i s , t h e sound w i l l be such t h a t skype g o e s c u t s rhythmbox . I t was
not l i k e t h i s b e f o r e . . I t ' s p r o b a b l y b e c a u s e now they go through / u s r /
l i b / i 3 8 6 −l i n u x −gnu / l i b s n d f i l e . s o
%%
%#
Introduction
The problem comes when s e v e r a l a p p l i c a t i o n s t r y t o a c c e s s t h e sound d e v i c e
directly .
There a r e two o p t i o n s :
− Use a mixer between t h e a p p l i c a t i o n and t h e hardware ( p u l s e a u s i o , o r
jack )
− Use t h e hardware mixer with an p p l i c a t i o n l i k e dmix p r o v i d e d a l s a
P u l s e a u d i o d o e s t h i s mixing job , and thus , a l l o w p l a y i n g o f s e v e r a l
a p p l i c a t i o n s a t t h e same time .
E. Branlard
30
P u l s e a u d i o , s t a r t s by d e f a u l t ,
if
c a l l e d p r o p e r l l y by t h e a p p l i c a t i o n .
So l e t ' s t r y with p u l s e a u d i o which i s now d e f a u l t i n d e b i a n and ubuntu .
S e v e r a l p e o p l e remove p u l s e a u d i o and don ' t have t r o u b l e . . . w e l l , l e t ' s
take the c h a l l e n g e .
# Firefox / Iceweasel /Flash player
v l c & rhythmbox t o g e t h e r , no problem , they c a l l p u l s e a u d i o .
The problem comes from i c e w e a s e l o r maybe j u s t t h e f l a s h p l u g i n which t r y
t o a c c e s s t h e sound d e v i c e d i r e c t l y .
I f p u l s e a u d i o i s c a l l e d f i r s t , then i c e w e a s e l d o e s not have a c c e s s t o t h e
c a r d / dev / snd /* .
I f i c e w e a s e l i s c a l l e d f i r s t and then p u l s e a u d i o , i t ' s p u l s e a u d i o t h a t can
' t a c c e s s the card .
To s e e who i s u s i n g what :
l s o f −w | e g r e p ' snd | dsp '
Use t h i s command e x t e n s i v e l y t o debug : i f you s e e t h a t f i r e f o x −b i n u s e s
dev / snd /* then , i t w i l l o b v i o u s l y not work . The o n l y one t h a t s h o u l d
use i t i s pulseaudio !
/
Below I g i v e my s o l u t i o n , but I r e c e n t l y d i s c o v e r e d t h i s o f f i c i a l page
t h a t c o u l d h e l p ( though i t made t h i n g s worse f o r me do t o t h e g s t r e a m e r
c o n f i g u r a t i o n ) : h t t p : // p u l s e a u d i o . o r g / w i k i / P e r f e c t S e t u p
%%
%
The s o l u t i o n t h a t worked f o r me :
#( S t e p 0 : As I was q u i t e u n c e r t a i n o f my l a s t i n s t a l l o f f l a s h p l a y e r , I
d i d a c l e a n i n s t a l l , b u t t h i s i s not n e c e s s a r y
− Purged f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e *
− Removed ~/ . m o z i l l a / p l u g i n s / f l a s h p l u g i n * . s o ( not s u r e about t h e name
anymore )
− l o c a t e f l a s h p l u g i n * t o s e e i f e v e r u t h i n g was purged c o r r e c t l y
− i n s t a l l f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e and that ' s a l l
n o t e f o r upgrade : sudo update − f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e −− i n s t a l l
)
#S t e p 1 : i n s t a l l a l l t h e p u l s e a u d i o s t u f f :
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l p u l s e a u d i o l i b a o 4 l i b p u l s e −mainloop − g l i b 0
p u l s e a u d i o −module− j a c k p u l s e a u d i o −module−h a l p u l s e a u d i o −module−x11
g s t r e a m e r 0 .10 − p u l s e a u d i o p u l s e a u d i o − u t i l s l i b a s o u n d 2 − p l u g i n s l i b p u l s e −
browse0 p u l s e a u d i o −esound −compat l i b p u l s e 0
I f you want t o u s e b l u e t o o t h : p u l s e a u d i o −module− b l u e t o o t h
I f you want t o u s e some v i s u a l i n t e r f a c e s t u f f : pavumeter p a p r e f s
pavucontrol
! ! ! PAVUCONTROL i s r e a l l y good . For i n s t a n c e , f o r r e c o r d i n g a u d i o c a r d
f l u x . Launch r e c o r d i n g with a u d a c i t y . then i n p a v u c o n t r o l / r e c o r d i n g
change i n t e r n a l t o monitor i n t h e a u d a c i t y l i n e .
#S t e p 2 : T e l l ALSA a p p l i c a t i o n s t o use a " p u l s e " d e v i c e .
C r e a t e / Ed it f i l e ~/ . a s o u n d r c ( o r / e t c / asound . c o n f ) with t h e f o l l o w i n g
content :
pcm . p u l s e {
type p u l s e
}
c t l . pulse {
E. Branlard
31
type
}
pulse
pcm . ! d e f a u l t {
type p u l s e
# I f d e f a u l t s . namehint . s h o w a l l i s s e t t o o f f i n a l s a . conf , t h e n t h i s
is
# n e c e s s a r y t o make t h i s pcm show up i n t h e l i s t r e t u r n e d by
# snd_d e v i c e_name_h i n t or a p l a y −L
h i n t . d e s c r i p t i o n " D e f a u l t Audio D ev ic e "
}
ctl . ! default {
type p u l s e
}
Note , I added t h e f o l l o w i n g
s u r e i t was u s e f u l l :
#pcm . dmixout {
#
type pulse
#}
for
skype , but
then
I commented i t , I 'm not
This w i l l c r e a t e a pseudo − d e v i c e c a l l e d " p u l s e " t h a t w i l l be used by
d e f a u l t by ALSA a p p l i c a t i o n s
#S t e p 3 : Make s u r e you have pcm( mixing ) volume none z e r o
In t e r m i n a l you can u s e a l s a m i x e r ( I had t o u s e t h e o p t i o n −c 0 ) o r
aumixer , o r p r o b a b l y t h e p u l s e a u d i o commandline pacmd .
o r whatever volume mixer i n t e r f a c e l i k e x f c e 4 −mixer , o r t h e p u l s e a u d i o
one i f you i n s t a l l e d i t .
#S t e p 4 : Test
K i l l a l l a p p l i c a t i o n s u s i n g sound , i n c l u d i n g p u l s e a u d i o . The command l s o f
−w | e g r e p ' snd | dsp ' s h o u l d return n o t h i n g .
Do some t e s t i n g . H o p e f u l l y you s h o u l d be a b l e t o have youtube / v l c /
rhythmbox working a l l t o g e t h e r a t t h e same time f o r a good cachophony .
%%
%
Wait , now I 'm having a t r o u b l e , rhythmbox d o e s not l a u n c h p u l s e a u d i o
by i t s e l f
On some w e b s i t e they a d v i s e t o c o n f i g u r e g s t r e a m e r t o s e t i t t o u s e
p u l s e s i n k and p u l s e r s r c . But t h i s a c t u a l l y made t h i n g s c r a s h f o r me ,
rhythmbox o r totem won ' t s t a r t p u l s e a u t o m a t i c a l l y .
%What they s u g g e s t s and t h a t make t h i n g s didn ' t work ( maybe I 'm m i s s i n g a
package o r something ) :
g c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / a u d i o s i n k
pulsesink
g c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / a u d i o s r c
pulsesrc
g c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / m u s i c a u d i o s i n k
pulsesink
%What worked f o r me i s t o s e t e v e r y t h i n g a s auto
g c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / a u d i o s i n k
autoaudiosink
f c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / a u d i o s r c
autoaudiosrc
g c o n f t o o l −2 − t s t r i n g −−s e t / system / g s t r e a m e r / 0 . 1 0 / d e f a u l t / m u s i c a u d i o s i n k
autoaudiosink
%%
%
E. Branlard
32
In t h e f i l e / e t c / i c e w e a s e l / i c e w e a s e l r c , r e p l a c e t h e l i n e ICEWEASEL_DSP="
none " by ICEWEASEL_DSP=" a o s s "
a o s s i s a s i m p l e wrapper s c r i p t which f a c i l i t a t e s t h e u s e o f t h e ALSA OSS
compatibility library .
To i n s t a l l i t :
r o o t @ l o c a l h o s t : ~#apt − g e t i n s t a l l a l s a −o s s
Does i t work ??
%%
%
advanced s e t u p s
pacmd l i s t − s i n k s
pacmd
s e t −d e f a u l t −s i n k
1
5.16 Custom letypes in geany
# t o make i t r e a l l y custon , you need t o comnpile one . . .
O t h e r w i s e u s e an e x i s t i n g p a r s e r ( p e r l C, LaTeX) and c u s t o m i z e i t
# First step
l a u n c h Geany , Tool>>C o n f i g u r a t i o n f i l e s >>f i l e t y p e_e x t e n s i o n s . c o n f
Add t h e l i n e
Bib=* . b i b ;
and saved i n
~/ .
c o n f i g / geany / f i l e t y p e_e x t e n s i o n s . c o n f
cp / u s r / s h a r e / geany / f i l e t y p e s
. conf
. latex
/ home /manu/ .
c o n f i g / geany / f i l e t y p e s . b i b
5.17 Indexation - Search in pdf
#
s w i s h++ appear a s a good s o l u t i o n , i t i s c o n f i g u r a b l e v i a a . c o n f f i l e
i n s t e a d o f u s i n g a c o n f f i l e , one can u s e
c o n v e r t a l l pdf t o t x t v i a p d f t o t e x t
then i n d e x them with i n d e x++
then s e a r c h with s e a r c h++
do
i t manually
#
Use t r a c k e r . . . i t ' s e a s i e r and more complete
t r a c k e r −c o n t r o l −s
: To l a u n c h t h e i n d e x i n g :
t r a c k e r −p r e f e r e n c e s
: for options
t r a c k e r −s e a r c h − t o o l
: for g r a p h i c a l i n t e r f a c e
tracker search bla
: command l i n e s e a r c h
t r a c k e r s e a r c h − t b l a : s e a r c h i n documents
5.18 OCR Text recognition and searchable PDF
Idea :
− s p l i t t i n g pdf
− c o n v e r t i n g t o good image format ( 1 bpp )
− u s e an OCR t o o l t o c r e a t e hOCR data ( html OCR)
E. Branlard
33
− u s e h o c r 2 p d f t o put t h e t e x t data i n t o t h e pdf
− combine t h e pdf ( u s i n g p d f j o i n from pdfjam )
%%
%
Step by s t e p t o o l s
# pdftk
# pdf2ppm
# C r e a t i n g hocr f i l e s from images
− t e s s e r a c t ( you need v e r s i o n 3 not 2 . 0 4 a s i n Debian s e e below )
− cuneiform
c u n e i f o r m − l l a n g u a g e − f h o c r −o output . h o c r i n f i l e . ppm
# h o c r 2 p d f : p u t s hOCR d a t a i n t o t h e p d f ( b e h i n d images )
h o c r 2 p d f comes with e x a c t i m a g e
−i i n p u t f i l e
−o output pdf
−n : no image , a l l o w s t o s k i p t h e image n o r m a l l y shadowing t h e t e x t t o
e i t h e r s a v e s t o r a g e s p a c e o r t a k e a l o o k how e x a c t l y t h e g l y p h s a r e
positioned .
− s : s l o p p y t e x t can improve copy p a s t e t e x t
example :
h o c r 2 p d f − i s c a n . t i f f − s −o
test
. pdf < cunei form −out . h o c r
%%
%
T o o l s / s c r i p t s t o do i t
gkovacs − p d f o c r ( h t t p s : // g i t h u b . com/ g k o v a c s / p d f o c r )
p d f 2 o c r ( h t t p : // b l o g . k o n r a d v o e l k e l . de / 2010 / 01 / l i n u x −ocr −and−pdf −problem −
solved/)
# w a t c h o c r i s a l i n u x d i s t r i b u t i o n a c t i n g as s e r v e r t o do t h i s ( u s i n g
h o c r 2 p d f and cuneiform )
%%
%
S c r i p t 1 − Using T e s s e r a c t 3
#! / b i n / bash
echo " u s a g e : p d f o c r . sh document . pdf \ " a u t h o r \ " \" t i t l e \ " "
# Adapted from h t t p : // b l o g . k o n r a d v o e l k e l . de / 2010 / 01 / l i n u x −ocr −and−pdf −
problem − s o l v e d /
# NOTE: This s c r i p t has been s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o d i f i e d / s i m p l i f i e d from t h e
original .
# This v e r s i o n does not a l l o w r o t a t i o n , l a n g u a g e s e l e c t i o n or c r o p p i n g .
# Those p a r a m e t e r s were a l l r e q u i r e d i n t h e o r i g i n a l , b u t I don ' t r e a l l y
need them .
# I f you can t h i n k o f a way t o make them o p t i o n a l , p l e a s e s h a r e .
# This v e r s i o n a l s o u s e s T e s s e r a c t , which I f i n d t o be s u b s t a n t i a l l y more
# a c c u r a t e than Cuneiform f o r E n g l i s h t e x t .
# u s a g e examples :
p d f t k " $ 1 " b u r s t dont_ask
f o r f i n pg_* . pdf
do
" pre − p r o c e s s i n g $ f . . . "
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − d e n s i t y 300 −depth 8 " $ f " " $ f . t i f "
echo no s p l i t t i n g
echo
done
for
f i n pg_* . t i f
do
E. Branlard
34
" processing $f . . . "
t e s s e r a c t "$ f " "$ f " h o c r
echo " Merging TIFF and hOCR i n t o PDF f i l e a t 150 DPI . . . "
#Downsample t o c u t down on f i l e b l o a t
h o c r 2 p d f − r 150 − i " $ f " −o " $ f −o c r . pdf " <" $ f . t i f . html "
echo
done
" InfoKey : Author " > i n . i n f o
" I n f o V a l u e : $ 2 " >> i n . i n f o
echo " InfoKey : T i t l e " >> i n . i n f o
echo " I n f o V a l u e : $ 3 " >> i n . i n f o
echo " InfoKey : C r e a t o r " >> i n . i n f o
echo " I n f o V a l u e : PDF OCR s c a n s c r i p t " >> i n . i n f o
p d f j o i n −− f i t p a p e r −− t i d y −− o u t f i l e " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " "pg_*− o c r . pdf "
rm − f pg_*
p d f t k " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " update_i n f o doc_data . t x t output " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf "
p d f t k " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf " update_i n f o i n . i n f o output " $1− o c r . pdf "
rm − f " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf " doc_data . t x t i n . i n f o
echo
echo
%%
%
Script 2 using cuneiform
#! / b i n / bash
p d f t k " $ 1 " b u r s t dont_ask
f o r f i n pg_* . pdf
do
" pre − p r o c e s s i n g $ f . . . "
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − r o t a t e $ [ 9 0 *$ 2 ] −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e − d e n s i t y 300 " $ f " "
$ f . png"
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − c r o p $ 6x $7+$4+$ 5 " $ f . png" " $ f . png"
i f [ " 1 " = "$3 " ] ;
echo
then
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − c r o p $ [ $ 6 / 2 ] x $7+0+0 " $ f . png" " $ f . 1 . png"
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − c r o p 0x $7+$ [ $ 6 / 2]+0 " $ f . png" " $ f . 2 . png"
rm − f " $ f . png"
else
echo
no s p l i t t i n g
fi
rm
− f "$ f "
done
for
f i n pg_* . png
do
" processing $f . . . "
c o n v e r t " $ f " " $ f . bmp"
c u n e i f o r m − l $ 8 − f h o c r −o " $ f . h o c r " " $ f . bmp"
c o n v e r t − b l u r 0 . 4 " $ f " " $ f . bmp"
h o c r 2 p d f − i " $ f . bmp" − s −o " $ f . pdf " < " $ f . h o c r "
rm − f " $ f " " $ f . bmp" " $ f . h o c r "
echo
done
" InfoKey : Author " > i n . i n f o
" I n f o V a l u e : $ 9 " >> i n . i n f o
echo " InfoKey : T i t l e " >> i n . i n f o
echo " I n f o V a l u e : $ 10 " >> i n . i n f o
echo " InfoKey : C r e a t o r " >> i n . i n f o
echo " I n f o V a l u e : PDF OCR s c a n s c r i p t " >> i n . i n f o
p d f j o i n −− f i t p a p e r −− t i d y −− o u t f i l e " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " "pg_* . png . pdf "
rm − f pg_* . png . pdf
p d f t k " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " update_i n f o doc_data . t x t output " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf "
p d f t k " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf " update_i n f o i n . i n f o output " $1− o c r . pdf "
echo
echo
E. Branlard
35
rm
rm
− f " $ 1 . o c r 1 . pdf " " $ 1 . o c r 2 . pdf " doc_data . t x t i n . i n f o
− r f pg_*_ f i l e s
%%
%
p d f t k i n f i l e . pdf b u r s t dont_ask
p d f t k i n f i l e . pdf dump_data
pdftoppm pg_0 0 1 . pdf > pg_0 0 1 .ppm
c u n e i f o r m − l l a n g u a g e − f h o c r −o out . h o c r f i l e . ppm '
o c r o s c r i p t r e c o g n i z e f i l e . ppm > out . h o c r "
h o c r 2 p d f − i f i l e . ppm − s −o i n f i l e −new . pdf < out . h o c r "
p d f t k i n f i l e *−new . pdf c a t output merged . pdf
p d f t k merged . pdf update_i n f o p d f i n f o . t x t output o u t f i l e . pdf
%%
%
Tesseract 3
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l l i b p n g 1 2 −dev
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l l i b j p e g 6 2 −dev
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l l i b t i f f 4 −dev
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l z l i b g −dev
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l l e p t o n i c a
svn c h e c k o u t h t t p : // t e s s e r a c t −o c r . g o o g l e c o d e . com/ svn / trunk / t e s s e r a c t −ocr −
read−o n l y
. /runautoconf
./configure
make
#download l a n g u a g e d a t a
cd / u s r / l o c a l / s h a r e / t e s s d a t a
sudo wget h t t p : // t e s s e r a c t −o c r . g o o g l e c o d e . com/ f i l e s / eng . t r a i n e d d a t a . gz
#a c t i v a t e hocr
cd / u s r / l o c a l / s h a r e / t e s s d a t a / c o n f i g s
sudo v i h o c r
You need t o know how t o u s e Vim t o do t h i s b i t
Put t h i s i n : " t e s s e d i t_c r e a t e_h o c r 1 "
Save with " : x"
#u s a g e
Convert − d e n s i t y 300 s c a n p a g e 1 . pdf −depth 8 s c a n p a g e 1 . t i f
Tesseract scanpage1 . t i f outputtext
Tesseract scanpage1 . t i f outputtext hocr
pdftk burst
test
. pdf
c o n v e r t − q u i e t −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e − d e n s i t y 300 pg_0 0 0 1 . pdf pg_0 0 0 1 . png
c o n v e r t pg_0 0 0 1 . png pg_0 0 0 1 .bmp
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − d e n s i t y 300 −depth 8 −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e pg_0 0 0 1 . pdf pg
_0 0 0 1 . t i f
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − d e n s i t y 300 −depth 8 −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e pg_0 0 0 1 . pdf pg
_0 0 0 1 .bpm
t e s s e r a c t pg_0 0 0 1 .bmp pg_0001 h o c r
t e s s e r a c t pg_0 0 0 1 . t i f pg_0002 h o c r
t e s s e r a c t pg_0 0 0 1 . png pg_0003 h o c r
c u n e i f o r m − f h o c r −o pg_0 0 0 1 . h o c r pg_0 0 0 1 .bmp
c o n v e r t −b l u r 0 . 4
E. Branlard
pg_0 0 0 1 . png
pg_0 0 0 4 .bmp
36
hocr2pdf
hocr2pdf
hocr2pdf
hocr2pdf
−i
−i
−i
−i
pg_0 0 0 1 .bmp
pg_0 0 0 1 . t i f
pg_0 0 0 1 . png
pg_0 0 0 1 . png
h o c r 2 p d f − i pg_0 0 0 1 . png
−n
−n
−n
−n
−s
−s
−s
−s
−o
−o
−o
−o
out_0 0 0 1 . pdf
out_0 0 0 2 . pdf
out_0 0 0 3 . pdf
out_0 0 0 5 . pdf
<
<
<
<
pg_0 0 0 1 . html
pg_0 0 0 2 . html
pg_0 0 0 3 . html
pg_0 0 0 4 . html
−n − s −o out_0 0 0 4 . pdf < pg_0 0 0 1 . h o c r
#h o c r 2 p d f − i " $ f . bmp" −n − s −o " $ f . p d f " < " $ f . hocr "
#rm − f " $ f " " $ f . bmp" " $ f . hocr "
rm − f " $ f " " $ f . bmp"
5.19 Antivirus for linux- ClamAV - freshclam
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l clamav
5.20 Install Microsoft Oce 2007
%%
%
For d e b i a n s q u e e z e :
− maybe t h e r e i s a way by u s i n g wine − u n s t a b l e ( wine 1 . 1 . 4 2 )
− O t h e r w i s e ( what I ' ve done ) download t h e . deb f o r wine 1 . 2 f o r ubuntu
jaunty
This w i l l r e q u i r e you t o d e s i n s t a l l t h e p r e v i o u s wine . And i t ' s b e s t i f
you remove your ~/ . wine d i r e c t o r y f i r s t
then do
a winecfg
the i n s t a l l
( i f you can ' t type t h e p r o d u c t key , you p r o b a b l y i n s t a l l e d r i c h e d 2 0
l i b r a i r i e with w i n e t r i c k s , remove i t )
do
%%
%
Minimum , i t worked
get winetricks
w i n e t r i c k s c o r e f o n t s tahoma vcrun2005sp1 w s h 5 6 j s a l l f o n t s
%%
%
Font smoothing
wget h t t p : // f i l e s . p o l o s a t u s . ru / w i n e f o n t s s m o o t h i n g_en . sh
bash w i n e f o n t s s m o o t h i n g_en . sh
%%
%
xls2latex
#1
I manage t o g e t x l s 2 l a t e x working , by adding t h i s macro t o t h e custom
t o o l b a r on top o f t h e r i b b o n
Open x l s 2 l a t e x
C l i c k on top o f t h e ribbom −> Customize commands −> Macro −> ToLatexTable
#2
I m o d i f i e d t h e VBA code , now i t ' s working . Use t h e F i l e E x c e l 2 L a t e x ? Linux .
Execute CreateCommandBar
I t s h o u l d be i n a d d i n s now
I removed t h e buggy forms
I t copy t h e l a t e x t a b l e i n t h e c l i p b o a r d
%%
%
E. Branlard
More ???
37
. / w i n e t r i c k s msxml3 d o t n e t 2 0 g d i p l u s r i c h e d 2 0 r i c h e d 3 0 vcrun2005sp1
allfonts
5.21 Mount .bin/.cue - convert them to .iso
The e a s i e s t : c o n v e r t them t o i s o with bchunk
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l bchunk
The s y n t a x from bchunk i s a s f o l l o w s :
bchunk [ − v ] [ − p ] [ − r ] [ −w ] [ − s ]
bchunk image . b i n image . cue image . i s o
Mount t h e i s o :
mount −o l o o p − t i s o 9 6 6 0 image . i s o /mnt/ image
5.22 pdf2png - pdftopng
Best I found :
c o n v e r t − d e n s i t y 300 − format png n p o i n t s 3 . pdf n p o i n t 3 . png
Bof :
c o n v e r t − q u a l i t y 100 n p o i n t s 3 . pdf n p o i n t 3 . png
m o g r i f y − q u a l i t y 100 − format png n p o i n t s 3 . pdf
Ma s o l u t i o n : (NON ACTUALISE)
Compiler l e code source r e d h a t de K r i s t i a n Hogsberg <krh@redhat . com>
( I n f o r m a t i q u e / Programmation /C/ pdf2png )
Chercher c a i r o / t e s t s u r i n t e r n e t
M a k e f i l e . am*
M a k e f i l e . win *
pdf2png . c *
pdf2png . dev *
pdf2png . l a y o u t *
p o p p l e r −a c t i o n . c c *
p o p p l e r −a c t i o n . h*
p o p p l e r −attachment . c c *
poppler . cc*
p o p p l e r −document . h *
p o p p l e r −f e a t u r e s . h . i n *
poppler . g i d l *
p o p p l e r . h*
p o p p l e r −page . c c *
p o p p l e r −page . h *
p o p p l e r − p r i v a t e . h*
t e s t −p o p p l e r − g l i b . c *
5.23 Fuseiso - Monter iso facilement- thunar shortcut
a d d u s e r manu f u s e
##Mounting command :
E. Branlard
38
f u s e i s o −n −p %f %f . mount
appearance c o n d i t i o n s :
* . i s o ; * . ISO ; * . b i n ; * . BIN ; * . nrg ; * .NRG; * . mdf ; * .MDF
## Unmouting command :
fusermount −u %f
* . mount
5.24 Meld : File/Folder comparison- thunar shortcut
meld %F
5.25 Catsh : Find les- thunar shortcut
c a t f i s h −− f i l e m a n=thunar −−path=%f
( on d i r e c t o r i e s )
5.26 Java - iceweasel debian - Network problem
i n s t a l l i n g java :
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l sun−java6 − j r e sun−java6 − p l u g i n
update −java − a l t e r n a t i v e s −−s e t java −6−sun
Here i s t h e s o l u t i o n .
open f i l e
/etc/ sysctl
. d / b i n d v 6 o n l y . c o n f and s e t n e t . i p v 6 . b i n d v 6 o n l y =0,
t h e p r o c f s with invoke − r c . d p r o c p s r e s t a r t
then
restart
h e r e a r e t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g bugs
h t t p : // bugs . d e b i a n . o r g / c g i −b i n / b u g r e p o r t . c g i ? bug =560238
h t t p : // bugs . d e b i a n . o r g / c g i −b i n / b u g r e p o r t . c g i ? bug =560056
This wasted q u i e t some time f o r me , s o I thought I ' d warn you .
I t happens i f you update package n e t b a s e t o 4 . 4 0 and i t can a f f e c t o t h e r
apps too , e s p e c i a l l y i f they a r e not from t h e d e b i a n r e p o s .
A r e a l debian s p e c i a l . . .
5.27 Snapshot - Capture d'ecran
x f c e 4 −s c r e e n s h o o t e r
5.28 FOR LOOPS/ FIND / XARGS and SPACE CHARACTERS ->
Find in PDF
E. Branlard
39
bash u s e s s p a c e c h a r a c t e r s a s d e f a u l t s e p a r a t o r s . This i s
v a r i a l b l e $ IFS
set
with t h e
#Option 1
#! / b i n / bash
SAVEIFS=$ IFS
for f in *
do
echo
"$ f "
done
IFS=$SAVEIFS
#Option 2
f i n d . −p r i n t 0 |
while
read
−d
$
'\0 ' f i l e
do
echo
−v " $ f i l e "
done
# Application : S c r ip t to find in pdf :
#! / b i n / bash
SAVEIFS=$ IFS
echo
for
2>
/ dev / n u l l
`
do
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
"$ i " ;
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
s t r i n g s "$ i " | g r e p $1
echo
echo
#
done ;
$1
IFS=$SAVEIFS
5.29 Iceweasel / Firefox et java plugin
R Ã © c a p i t u l a t i f d ' i n s t a l l a t i o n de JAVA
et
d e s p l u g i n s Java dans I c e w e a s e l
J ' a i tÃ©lÃ©chargÃ© j r e −6u1−l i n u x − i 5 8 6 . b i n i c i
h t t p : // s d l c 5 c . sun . com/ . . .
J ' a i changÃ© l e s p r o p r i Ã © t Ã © s d ' a c c Ã ¨ s du f i c h i e r a f i n de p o u v o i r l '
exÃ©cuter .
#chmod +x j r e −6u1− l i n u x −i 5 8 6 . b i n
J ' a i exÃ©cutÃ© l e f i c h i e r Ã l ' a i d e de l a commande s u i v a n t e :
#. / j r e −6u1− l i n u x −i 5 8 6 . b i n
Un r Ã © p e r t o i r e nommÃ© j r e 1 . 6 . 0 v i e n t d ' Ã ª t r e crÃ©Ã© . J ' a i dÃ©placÃ© c e
r Ã © p e r t o i r e dans l e r Ã © p e r t o i r e / opt q u i va c o n t e n i r t o u t e s l e s
applications utilisateurs propriÃ©taires .
#mv − f j r e 1 . 6 . 0_01 / / o p t /
E. Branlard
40
J ' a i a jo u tÃ © l e s l i e n s v e r s l e s b i n a i r e s n Ã © c e s s a i r e s Ã l ' a i d e d e s
commandes s u i v a n t e s :
#l n − s / o p t / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_01 / b i n / j a v a / u s r / l o c a l / b i n / j a v a
#l n − s / o p t / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_01 / b i n / p o l i c y t o o l / u s r / l o c a l / b i n / p o l i c y t o o l
J ' a i r e n s e i g n Ã © l e r e s t e du systÃ¨me que l a Java Runtime Environment e s t
i n s t a l l Ã © e en a j o u t a n t l a l i g n e s u i v a n t e au f i c h i e r / e t c / environment
#echo JAVA_HOME=/ o p t / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_01 >> / e t c / environment
CrÃ©ation de l i e n v e r s l i b j a v a p l u g i n_ o j i . s o
#l n − s f v / o p t / j r e 1 . 6 . 0_01 / p l u g i n / i 3 8 6 / ns7 / l i b j a v a p l u g i n_o j i . so
iceweasel/plugins
/usr/ l i b /
5.30 VISIO 2003
L ' i n s t a l l a t i o n marche
#Pour r e s o u d r e l ' e r r e u r IOPL not e n a b l e d :
winecfg
#Go t o t h e L i b r a r i e s tab , and add an e n t r y c a l l e d g d i p l u s . Then , e d i t t h e
e n t r y you j u s t added , and s e l e c t N a t i v e ( Windows ) .
5.31 Firefox / iceweasel slow, tweak it
%%
%
about : c o n f i g dans l a b a r r e d ' a d d r e s s e
#network . dns . d i s a b l e I p v 6
d e s a c t i v e r l ' Ipv6
#Create new Boolean v a l u e s e t t o t r u e : c o n f i g . t r i m_on_minimize t o
r e l e a s e memory when i c o n i f i e d , r i s k y
#Create new I n t e g e r v a l u e s e t t o 0 : n g l a y o u t . i n i t i a l p a i n . d e l a y
to
i n s t a n t a t e o u s l y show page
#s e t b r o w s e r . cache . memory . c a p a c i t y t o a f i x e d s i z e ( t h e d e f a u l t v a l u e s are
: f o r 256 MB RAM − 14336 , 512 MB RAM − 22528 , 1 GB RAM − 32768) . A good
value to t r y i s 16384.
#s e t b r o w s e r . s e s s i o n h i s t o r y . max_t o t a l_v i e w e r s t o 0
#change image . animation_mode t o none or once
#b r o w s e r . s e s s i o n h i s t o r y . max_e n t r i e s s e t i t t o 5
%%
%
T o o l s / Options .
t h e d i s k c a c h e memory t o a low v a l u e ( l e s s than 50 MB)
t u r n o f f Java
t r y t o a v o i d t h e s e e x t e n s i o n s : Adblock , F a s t e r f o x , IE Tab , S e s s i o n
Saver . Use Adblock Plus i n s t e a d o f Adblock .
don ' t u s e more than 5 e x t e n s i o n s
set
Other tweaks t h a t can be done i n t h e u s e r . j s f i l e
ou ( p r e f . j s quand f i r e f o x i s c l o s e d )
o r by about : c o n f i g
* Speed Tweak − Common t o a l l C o n f i g u r a t i o n s */
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . p i p e l i n i n g " , true ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . proxy . p i p e l i n i n g " , true ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . p i p e l i n i n g . m a x re q u es t s " , 8 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . n o t i f y . b a c k o f f c o u n t " , 5 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " p l u g i n . e x p o s e_ f u l l _path " , true ) ;
/
E. Branlard
41
u s e r_p r e f ( " u i . submenuDelay " , 0 ) ;
* Speed Tweak − Fast Computer Fast Connection */
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . i n t e r r u p t . p a r s i n g " , true ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . max . t o k e n i z i n g . time " , 2 2 5 0 0 0 0 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . n o t i f y . i n t e r v a l " , 7 5 0 0 0 0 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . n o t i f y . o n t i m e r " , true ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " c o n t e n t . s w i t c h . t h r e s h o l d " , 7 5 0 0 0 0 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " n g l a y o u t . i n i t i a l p a i n t . d e l a y " , 0 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . max− c o n n e c t i o n s " , 4 8 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . max−c o n n e c t i o n s −per − s e r v e r " , 1 6 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . max− p e r s i s t e n t −c o n n e c t i o n s −per −proxy " , 1 6 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . max− p e r s i s t e n t −c o n n e c t i o n s −per − s e r v e r " , 8 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " b r o w s e r . c a c h e . memory . c a p a c i t y " , 6 5 5 3 6 ) ;
/
D i s a b l i n g i p v 6 i s t h e b i g g i e t h a t t e n d s t o s p e e d t h i n g s up . As mentioned
in the " other " thread .
/ * Speed Tweak − Another Tweak * /
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . dns . d i s a b l e I P v 6 " , true ) ;
* Tor S e t t i n g s */
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . keep − a l i v e . t i m e o u t " , 6 0 0 ) ;
u s e r_p r e f ( " network . h t t p . proxy . keep − a l i v e " , true ) ;
/
# Perso :
# Pour a v o i r l e s t a b de memes t a i l l e s , m o d i f i e r l e s t a b o p t i o n s
max_t a b s_undo
tabMaxWidth
tabMinWidth
5.32 PDF Croping - suppression d'espace de marges
% Now, I 'm u s i n g b l i s s a j a v a a p p l i c a t i o n
#U t i l i s e r p d f c r o p ( s c r i p t p e r l d ' E r i c Doviak e t Mark S h e r r y ) d i s p o n i b l e
sur source forge
#Sinon , pour a v o i r l a t a i l l e ( o l d s t u f f )
i d e n t i f y x . pdf
Puis
c o n v e r t − c r o p 10+10+0+0 x . pdf y . pdf
# R e c e n t l y : I found i t t o work by f i r s t c o n v e r t i n g t o png w i t h a d e n s i t y
chosen ( between 100 and 300 d e p e n d i n g )
f o r i i n * . pdf ; do c o n v e r t − d e n s i t y 150 $ i tmp/$ { i %. * } . png ;
done
identify *
( g i v e s W0xH0)
c o n c e r t − c r o p W2xH2+L2+T2 +r e p a g e x . png y . png
Option +r e p a g e i s important , i t remove t h e canvas i n f o r m a t i o n , s e t i t t o
t h e new image s i z e .
#c o n v e r t − crop 950 x1160 +280+160 +r e p a g e x . png y , png
5.33 Renommage massif unix
ca depend de l a v e r s i o n de rename
rename " s /mp4/mp3/ g " * . mp4
E. Branlard
42
rename . mp3 . mp4 * . mp3
rename " s /mp4/mp3/ " * . mp4
f o r i i n *htm ; do mv $ i ` basename $ i htm ` html ;
f o r i i n *htm ; do mv $ i $ { i%%. htm } . html ; done
done
5.34 Faire un dictionaire - Compter le nombre de keywords d'une
page web
unalias
grep
− V i r e r l e s commandes HTML : sed −e : a −e ' s / <[^>] *>// g ; /</N; // ba '
− U t i l i s e r t r pour t r a n s f o r m e r un c h a r a c t e r en un a u t r e ( e s p a c e en n e w l i n e )
: t r ' ' '\n '
− V i r e r l a p o n c t u a t i o n : t r −d ' [ : punct : ] '
− V i r e r l e s l i g n e s avec d e s c a r a c t e r e s q u i ne s o n t pas d e s l e t t r e s ( tab ,
nombres . . . ) : g r e p −v ' [ ^ a−z ] '
− V i r e r l e s mots de moins de 2 l e t t r e s e t l e s l i g n e s v i d e s : g r e p −E ' [ a−z
]{3 ,} '
−Mettre t o u t en l o w e r c a se :
t r ' [ : upper : ] ' ' [ : l o w e r : ] '
− V i r e r l e s mot communs :
g r e p −v −E −w ' t h e | and | f o r | from | with | used '
− T r i e r avec s o r t
−Compter l e s o c c u r e n c e s avec uniq e t l ' o p t i o n −c : uniq −c
− T r i e r par nombre r e v e r s e : s o r t −rn
cat
* php * | sed −e : a −e ' s / <[^>] *>// g ; /</N; // ba ' | t r ' ' ' \ n ' | t r −d
' [ : punct : ] ' | g r e p −v ' [ ^ a−z ] ' | g r e p −E ' [ a−z ] { 3 , } ' | t r ' [ : upper : ] '
' [ : l o w e r : ] ' | g r e p −v −w −E ' t h e | and | f o r | from | with | used | which | a r e | t h a t |
t h i s | w i l l | can | been | s h o u l d | u s i n g | a l l | one | two | t h r e e | has | taken | where | made |
a l s o | t h u s | though | have | when | not | such | f i g u r e | t a b l e | t h e s e | c o u l d | s e e n | g i v e n
| nbsp | l e s | d e s | from | d i f f e r e n t | e s t | dans | une | our | q u i | between | next | would |
s o n t | i t s | s e e | son | p l u s | c a se | que | pour | s u i v a n t | nous | par | s u r | each | but | than |
o n l y | o t h e r | main | f i g u r e s | t a b l e s | more | t h e r e | v a l u e | v a l u e s | were | was | low |
h i g h | around | s i n c e | v e r y | o r d e r | p e r | i n t o | f i r s t | b e c a u s e | found | them | done |
good | t h e i r | r e a l l y | h e r e | g o t | b i g | b e t t e r | w e l l | away | shown | o v e r | l i k e | while |
w i t h i n | t a k e | due | any | then | under | same | much | most | both | s e c o n d | l o t | u s e | g e t |
pas | mais | a l o r s | peut | p l o t | l e f t | r i g h t ' | s o r t | uniq −c | s o r t −rn | head
−50 | sed ' s / ' [ \ 0 − 9] ' // g ' | x a r g s
SUPERFILE | g r e p −E ' [ a−z ] { 3 , } ' | t r
' [ : punct : ] ' >SUPERFILE2
cat
cat
' [ : upper : ] '
' [ : l o w e r : ] ' | t r −d
SUPERFILE3 | g r e p −v −w −E ' t h e | and | f o r | from | with | used | which | a r e | t h a t |
t h i s | w i l l | can | been | s h o u l d | u s i n g | a l l | one | two | t h r e e | has | taken | where | made |
a l s o | t h u s | though | have | when | not | such | f i g u r e | t a b l e | t h e s e | c o u l d | s e e n | g i v e n
| nbsp | l e s | d e s | from | d i f f e r e n t | e s t | dans | une | our | q u i | between | next | would |
s o n t | i t s | s e e | son | p l u s | c a se | que | pour | s u i v a n t | nous | par | s u r | each | but | than |
o n l y | o t h e r | main | f i g u r e s | t a b l e s | more | t h e r e | v a l u e | v a l u e s | were | was | low |
h i g h | around | s i n c e | v e r y | o r d e r | p e r | i n t o | f i r s t | b e c a u s e | found | them | done |
good | t h e i r | r e a l l y | h e r e | g o t | b i g | b e t t e r | w e l l | away | shown | o v e r | l i k e | while |
w i t h i n | t a k e | due | any | then | under | same | much | most | both | s e c o n d | l o t | u s e | g e t |
pas | mais | a l o r s | peut | p l o t | l e f t | r i g h t ' | s o r t | uniq −c | s o r t −rn | head
−300
E. Branlard
43
cat
t e s t | g r e p −v −w −E ' t h e | and | f o r | from | with | used | which | a r e | t h a t | t h i s |
w i l l | can | been | s h o u l d | u s i n g | a l l | one | two | t h r e e | has | taken | where | made | a l s o |
t h u s | though | have | when | not | such | f i g u r e | t a b l e | t h e s e | c o u l d | s e e n | g i v e n | nbsp
| l e s | d e s | from | d i f f e r e n t | e s t | dans | une | our | q u i | between | next | would | s o n t |
i t s | s e e | son | p l u s | c a se | que | pour | s u i v a n t | nous | par | s u r | each | but | than | o n l y |
o t h e r | main | f i g u r e s | t a b l e s | more | t h e r e | v a l u e | v a l u e s | were | was | low | h i g h |
around | s i n c e | v e r y | o r d e r | p e r | i n t o | f i r s t | b e c a u s e | found | them | done | good |
t h e i r | r e a l l y | h e r e | g o t | b i g | b e t t e r | w e l l | away | shown | o v e r | l i k e | while | w i t h i n
| t a k e | due | any | then | under | same | much | most | both | s e c o n d | l o t | u s e | g e t | pas |
mais | a l o r s | peut | p l o t | l e f t | r i g h t ' | s o r t | uniq −c | s o r t −rn | head −300
5.35 Aspirer un site avec wget
h t t p : // forum . ubuntu− f r . o r g / v i e w t o p i c . php? i d =78954
wget − r − l 1 −k −E −A * svg h t t p : //www. o p e n c l i p a r t . o r g / u s e r − c l i p a r t s / johnny_
a u t o m a t i c ? page=$ i
wget − r − l 5 −k −E −np www. u n s i t e . com
`−− no−parent ' Do not e v e r a s c e n d t o t h e p a r e n t d i r e c t o r y when
r e t r i e v i n g r e c u r s i v e l y . This i s a u s e f u l o p t i o n , s i n c e i t
guarantees
t h a t o n l y t h e f i l e s _below_ a c e r t a i n h i e r a r c h y w i l l be downloaded .
s e e " D i r e c t o r y −Based L i m i t s " , f o r more d e t a i l s .
Explication :
−r
−l 5
−k
−E
: rÃ ©c ur s if sur l e s i t e
: c i n q n i v e a u x de r Ã © c u r s i o n au maximum
: c o n v e r t i r l e s d e s t i n a t i o n s d e s l i e n s pour une l e c t u r e l o c a l e
: c o n v e r t i r l e s t y p e s de f i c h i e r au format HTML ( pour Ã © v i t e r que l a
l e c t u r e de s i t e s en PHP ne f o i r e en l e c t u r e s o u s F i r e f o x ) .
−np : −−no−parent ' Do not e v e r a s c e n d t o t h e p a r e n t d i r e c t o r y
−A : + l i s t o f f i l e t y p e s p a t t e r n s
−c : continue p r e v i o u s l y s t o p p e d download
−−−−−−−−−
Pour a l l e r p l u s l o i n .
S i vous v o u l e z p l u s d ' o p t i o n s , l a page de manuel de wget e s t p l e i n e d '
i n f o s u t i l e s , v o i c i des options t r Ã ¨ s i n t Ã © r e s s a n t e s :
− t : s p Ã © c i f i e r combien de f o i s que wget d e v r a i t e s s a y e r de t Ã © l Ã © c h a r g e r
chaque f i c h i e r .
−w : s p Ã © c i f i e r combien de temps a t t e n d r e e n t r e l e s e s s a i s
−c : demander Ã wget de c o n t i n u e r un tÃ©lÃ©chargement i n t e r r o m p u .
−T : s p Ã © c i f i e r au bout de combien de s e c o n d e s s a n s rÃ©ponse wget
abandonne une c o n n e x i o n
−− l i m i t − r a t e : m e t t r e une v i t e s s e de c o n n e x i o n maximale pour ne pas
m o n o p o l i s e r v o t r e bande p a s s a n t e
−Q : l i m i t e r l a p l a c e que p r e n d r o n t t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s tÃ©lÃ©chargÃ©s , pour
ne pas t r o p r e m p l i r v o t r e d i s q u e dur . DÃ¨s qu ' Ã l a f i n d ' un
tÃ©lÃ©chargement l e quota s e r a dÃ©passÃ© , wget s ' a r r Ã ª t e r a
−−load − c o o k i e s : i m p o r t e r d e s c o o k i e s ( p r a t i q u e pour l e s s i t e s oÃ¹ vous
devriez Ãªtre authentifiÃ© )
E. Branlard
44
−X : e x c l u r e un r Ã © p e r t o i r e
5.36 Modication pdf - Avec le paquet pdftk
# ConcatÃ©ner l e s f i c h i e r s A1 e t A2 pour o b t e n i r l e f i c h i e r B. p d f
p d f t k A1 . pdf A2 . pdf c a t output B . pdf
# Supprimer l e s 2 p r e m i Ã ¨ r e s p a g e s d ' un document de 9 p a g e s
p d f t k o r i g i n a l . pdf c a t 3−9 output f i n a l . pdf
# Supprimer l e s page 6 e t 7
p d f t k o r i g i n a l . pdf c a t 1−5 8− end output f i n a l . pdf
# Garder l e s p a g e s 69 a 117 i m p a i r e
p d f t k o r i g i n a l . pdf c a t 69 − 117odd output f i n a l . pdf
p d f t k ` l s −1 * . pdf | s o r t −g | xargs `
cat
output out . pdf
#decomposer en p l u s i e u r s f i c h i e r s
p d f t k chap . pdf b u r s t
# R o t a t e an e n t i r e PDF document t o 180 d e g r e e s
p d f t k i n . pdf c a t 1− endS output out . pdf
5.37 Manipulation d'images en masse : image magick
d i s p l a y : i n t e r f a c e g r a p h i q u e moyen ( mauvais gimp )
P l u s i e u r s o u t i l s pour m u l t i p l e s f i c h i e r s dont m o g r i f y
− " m o g r i f y " m o d i f i e l e s image en p l a c e s a l o r s que
− " c o n v e r t " l e s sauve s o u s un a u t r e nom
− " i d e n t i f y " pour donner d e s i n f o s u r l ' image
Options
mogrify
mogrify
mogrify
mogrify
mogrify
mogrify
utiles :
− r e s i z e 800 x600 * . JPG
− r e s i z e 50% * . JPG
−n e g a t e t e s t . j p g
−monochrome t e s t . j p g
− format j p g * . png
− s c a l e 110 x2 * . png # wouldn ' t work w i t h 110 x1
#Animation G i f
c o n v e r t − d e l a y 20 − l o o p 0 s p h e r e * . png a n i m a t i o n . g i f
animate * . g i f
c o n v e r t f i g 1 3 . png − c r o p 1530 x1210+75+95
test
. png
mkdir
mkdir
mkdir
mkdir
16 x16
24 x24
32 x32
48 x48
export f o l d=a c t i o n s
cd $ f o l d
export s i z e =16x16
mkdir . . /$ s i z e /$ f o l d
m o g r i f y − r e s i z e $ s i z e −path . . /$ s i z e /$ f o l d * . png
E. Branlard
45
5.38 Evince cannot open any pdf documents anymore
remove
/ u s r / l o c a l / s h a r e /mime/mime .
or
~/ . l o c a l / s h a r e /mime/mime .
cache
cache
5.39 Audio format conversion : ogg, au, mp3, wav, snd,ai ...
SoX i s a b l e t o h a n d l e f o r m a t s l i k e Ogg Vorbis , MP3, WAV, AIFF , VOC, SND,
AU, GSM
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l sox l i b s o x −fmt− a l l
5.40 dos2unix : package tofrodos
C o n v e r t i t un p o i n t bat
5.41 Listen ou Exaile ou Quod libet ou banshee ou xrmms pour remplacer Amarok
aptitude i n s t a l l l i s t e n
aptitude i n t s a l l exaile
5.42 WICD pour remplacer Gnome Netwok Manager
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l wicd
5.43 Installer un nouveau pager : most
b e t t e r than more o r l e s s
Le p a g e r e s t un programme q u i s e r t Ã a f f i c h e r du t e x t e . Vous avez l e
c h o i x e n t r e plu −
s i e u r s programmes , grÃ¢ce Ã un mÃ©canisme d ' a l t e r n a t i v e s . Je vous p r o p o s e
d' installer
e t d ' u t i l i s e r most , un p a g e r q u i permet e n t r e a u t r e s de c o l o r e r l e s p a g e s
de manuel .
E. Branlard
46
# a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l most
# update − a l t e r n a t i v e s −− c o n f i g p a g e r
La s e c o n d e commande vous demnde de c h o i s i r l e p a g e r Ã u t i l i s e r .
RÃ©pondez en
donnant l e numÃ©ro q u i c o r r e s p o n d Ã most . Maintenant , c ' e s t c e programme
qui sera
u t i l i s Ã © pour a f f i c h e r l e s manuels .
5.44 Gparted equivalent
Dur a t r o u v e r . => p a r t e d en l i g n e de commande
De t o u t e f acon , i l f a u t d e s p a r t i t i o n s demontees , donc u t i l i s a t i o n d ' un
l i v e CD.
I n u t i l e d ' i n s t a l l e r gparted
5.45 Logiciels equivalent linux / windows
h t t p : // w i k i . l i n u x q u e s t i o n s . o r g / w i k i / Linux_s o f t w a r e_e q u i v a l e n t_t o_Windows_
software
h t t p : //www. l i b e r v i s . com/ w i k i / i n d e x . php? t i t l e =Table_o f_E q u i v a l e n t_S o f t w a r e
5.46 Personaliser xterm
xrdb
~/ .
Xdefaults
prompt c o l o r e : ( v a r i a b l e PS1 )
par d e f a u l t : $ { d e b i a n_c h r o o t :+( $ d e b i a n_c h r o o t ) }\u@\h : \w\ $
export PS1 = '\033[1m\ 0 3 3 [ 1 ; 3 3m\u : \ e [ 3 2 ; 1m\w\ e [ 3 3 ; 1m$ \ 0 3 3 [m'
export PS1 = ' \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1m\ ] \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1 ; 3 3m\ ] \ u : \ [ \ e [ 3 2 ; 1m\ ] \w \ [ \ e [ 3 3 ; 1m\ ] \ $
\ [ \ 0 3 3 [m\ ] '
vim . b a s h r c
# some more l s a l i a s e s
a l i a s l l =' l s − lhb '
a l i a s l s =' l s −F −− c o l o r=always '
a l i a s l a =' l s −lAXh | more '
a l i a s l a g =' l s −lAgXh | grep '
a l i a s l s d =' l s − l | g r e p drwx '
a l i a s d i r =' l s −− c o l o r=auto −− format=v e r t i c a l '
a l i a s cd . . = ' cd . . '
a l i a s g r e p =' g r e p −− c o l o r=always '
alias
cp =' cp
a l i a s mv='mv
a l i a s rm='rm '
−i '
−i '
g e d i t =' geany '
m y d i f f =' d i f f −a −b −B −w −y − i −− s u p p r e s s −common− l i n e s '
a l i a s m y d i f f b =' d i f f −a −b −B −w −y − i '
a l i a s f i l e m a n u p=" j a v a − j a r / home / s h a r e / C o n f i g / A p p l i c a t i o n s / F i l e −
m a n u p i l a t i o n −v1 . 3 1 5 / F i l e −Manupilation −v1 . 3 1 5 . j a r "
alias
alias
E. Branlard
47
a l a r m a n i a c=" j a v a − j a r
alarmaniac . j a r "
alias
/ home / s h a r e / C o n f i g / A p p l i c a t i o n s / Alarmaniac /
vim . X d e f a u l t s
xterm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
xterm * faceName :
monospace : p i x e l s i z e =14
! xterm * dynamicColors :
true
! xterm * u t f 8 :
2
! xterm * e i g h t B i t I n p u t :
true
xterm * s c r o l l T t y K e y p r e s s : true
xterm * s c r o l l T t y O u t p u t :
false
xterm * s c r o l l B a r :
true
xterm * r i g h t S c r o l l B a r :
true
xterm * j u m p S c r o l l :
true
xterm * m u l t i S c r o l l :
true
xterm * background : b l a c k
xterm * f o r e g r o u n d : g r e e n
xterm * t i t l e : xterm
xterm * vt100 . geometry : 80 x28
XTerm* r e v e r s e V i d e o : on
XTerm* S a v e L i n e s : 1000
!
Xcursor
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Xcursor * theme : V a n i l l a −DMZ−AA
Xcursor . s i z e : 22
!
A m e t t r e dans l e . x i n i t r c
xrdb ~/ . X d e f a u l t s
5.47 RAW photo images nikon .NEF
ufraw −−out −type j p g −− c o m p r e s s i o n 90 * .NEF
E. Branlard
48
Chapter
6
Xorg - clavier souris touchpad
6.1 Starting dierent x servers
by c h a n g i n g x i n i t r c , one can open d i f f e r e n t d e s k t o p manager a t t h e same
time
s t a r t x −− : 1 ( by d e f a u l t , s t a r t x u s e s s c r e e n 0 )
6.2 Bien lire le log Xorg
grep
grep
grep
grep
grep
\ (EE / var / l o g / Xorg . 0 . l o g
\ (WW / var / l o g / Xorg . 0 . l o g
d i s a b l e d / var / l o g / Xorg . 0 . l o g
e n a b l e d / var / l o g / Xorg . 0 . l o g
Unload / var / l o g / Xorg . 0 . l o g
6.3 Xorg ou/et HAL
Xorg u t i l i s e d e s o r m a i s HAL pour dÃ©terminer l a c o n f i g u r a t i o n . Ce q u i a
pour consÃ©q uences :
* De s i m p l i f i e r l a v i e pour l e s dÃ©butants , ou de ceux q u i ne v e u l e n t
pas s e p r e n d r e l a t Ã ª t e . ; − )
* De r e n d r e l e f i c h i e r xorg . c o n f i n u t i l e , s i s o u h a i t Ã © .
* Que l a commande x o r g c o n f i g , p e r m e t t a n t de gÃ©nÃ©rer l e f i c h i e r de
c o n f i g u r a t i o n , a Ã©tÃ© supprimÃ©e .
S i v o t r e m a t Ã © r i e l n ' a r i e n de s p Ã © c i a l , que vous c o n n a i s s e z mal v o t r e
c o n f i g u r a t i o n m a t Ã © r i e l l e ou que vous n ' Ã ª t e s pas sÃ»r de vos
paramÃ¨tres , i l e s t t r Ã ¨ s probablement p l u s prudent e t sÃ»r de l a i s s e r
f a i r e HAL. La c o n f i g u r a t i o n ne s e r a peut Ã ª t r e pas o p t i m a l e ou p a r f a i t e
, mais e l l e f o n c t i o n n e r a .
%U t i l i s e r xorg . conf , comme avant
Pour c e f a i r e , en r o o t , i l f a u t a j o u t e r Ã c e d e r n i e r dans l a s e c t i o n
S e r v e r L a y o u t l e s deux o p t i o n s s u i v a n t e s :
Option
" AllowEmptyInput " " f a l s e "
Option
" AutoAddDevices " " f a l s e "
49
CHAPTER 6. XORG - CLAVIER SOURIS TOUCHPAD
La p r e m i Ã ¨ r e s e r t Ã s e d Ã © b a r r a s s e r du warning , c e q u i provoque un "
bÃ©gaiement " du c l a v i e r ( Ã © c r i t t r o i s f o i s l a mÃªme l e t t r e pour chaque
t o u c h e tapÃ©e , ou s u i v a n t l e s c a s e s t a u s s i a l Ã © a t o i r e ) . La s e c o n d e
s e r t Ã c o r r i g e r l e " bÃ©gaiement " du c l a v i e r a p r Ã ¨ s s u p p r e s s i o n du
warning .
%C o n f i g u r e r HAL
Ca s e p a s s e i c i , e t c ' e s t un peu p l u s complique .
/etc/hal/ f d i / policy /
6.4 X11 working x11 without hald/dbus
Voi p l u s haut pour un peu p l u s de d e t a i l s
Bien m e t t r e c e s deux o p t i o n s pour que l a c o n f i g u r a t i o n d e s d e v i c e s de xorg
. c o n f s o i e n t p r i s e s en compte ( s i n o n , c o n f i g u r e r HAL)
Section " ServerFlags "
(...)
Option " AllowEmptyInput " " o f f "
Option " AutoAddDevices " " o f f "
EndSection
6.5 Numlockx conicting
Fine c r e a t e your own :
xsetnumlock . c :
#i n c l u d e <X11/ e x t e n s i o n s / XTest . h>
#i n c l u d e <X11/ keysym . h>
/
*
Requires :
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i b x c b −keysyms1 −dev l i b x t s t −dev
Compiled with :
g c c − I / u s r / i n c l u d e /X11 −L/ u s r / l i b /X11 −o xsetnumlock xsetnumlock . c −lX11 −
l X t s t */
i n t main ( v o i d )
{
D i s p l a y * d i s p = XOpenDisplay (NULL) ;
if
( d i s p == NULL)
return
1;
XTestFakeKeyEvent ( d i s p , XKeysymToKeycode ( d i s p , XK_Num_Lock ) ,
True , CurrentTime ) ;
F a l s e , CurrentTime ) ;
XCloseDisplay ( disp ) ;
return
}
0;
lXtst
sudo cp xsetnumlock / u s r / b i n
E. Branlard
50
a p t i t u d e remove l i b x c b −keysyms1 −dev l i b x t s t −dev
6.6 Ctrl alt Backspace to restart X server
#La s o l u t i o n f a c i l e Dans ~/ . x i n i t r c
setxkbmap − o p t i o n − o p t i o n t e r m i n a t e : c t r l _a l t_bksp
%%
%%
%%OU
#f a i r e c e s deux manip dans l e x o r g . c o n f
Section " ServerFlags "
(...)
Option "DontZap" " o f f "
EndSection
Section " InputDevice "
(...)
Option " XkbOptions " " t e r m i n a t e : c t r l _a l t_bksp "
EndSection
6.7 QWERTY et accents
Sous x f c e i l n ' y a pas moyen de c o n f i g u r e r compose dans l e s o p t i o n s du
clavier :
i l f a u t m o d i f i e r l e / e t c /X11/ xorg . c o n f
e t a j o u t e r a l a s e c t i o n i n p u t d e v i c e keyboard
Option
" XkbOptions "
" compose : r a l t "
Ou t o u t a u t r e o p t i o n pour l a t o u c h e compose r a l t , lwin , c a p s e t c . . .
Un a c c e n t s e f a i t a l o r s en tappant Compose , p u i s en l a r e l a c h a n t p u i s
apostrophe , puis e
A t t e n t i o n : a c c e n t c i r c o n f l e x e : compose , s h i t +6 ( ^ ) + e
#OU l a s o l u t i o n f a c i l e Dans ~/ . x i n i t r c
setxkbmap − o p t i o n − o p t i o n compose : r a l t
6.8 Get keyboard keycodes
Se s e r v i r de l a commande
xev : pour a v o i r l e s k e y c o d e s
# Mute
xmodmap −e ' keycode 160 = XF86AudioMute '
6.9 Monitor going to sleep after 10 minutes - Power management
I t i s p r o b a b l y DPMS which i s d o i n g t h i s .
check x s e t −q
Standby : 60 ( i n s e c o n d s ) . . .
# easy
You can s e t t h i s up by i n s t a l l i n g x s c r e e n s a v e r and r u n n i n g x s c r e e n s a v e r −
demo on advanced tab
But t h e r e s h o u l d be a s m a r t e r way . . .
E. Branlard
51
# On t h e f l y ( b e f o r e w a t c h i n g a movie )
D i s a b l e dpms
x s e t −dpms
Put i t back with
x s e t +dpms
x s e t −dpms
# D i s a b l e DPMS
x s e t +dpms
# Enable DPMS
xset s o f f
# Disable screen blanking
x s e t s 150
# Blank t h e s c r e e n a f t e r 150 s e c o n d s
x s e t dpms 300 600 900
# S e t s t a n d b y , suspend , & o f f t i m e s ( i n
seconds )
x s e t dpms f o r c e standby
# I m m e d i a t e l y go i n t o s t a n d b y mode
x s e t dpms f o r c e suspend
# I m m e d i a t e l y go i n t o suspend mode
x s e t dpms f o r c e o f f
# I m m e d i a t e l y t u r n o f f t h e monitor
x s e t −q
# Query c u r r e n t s e t t i n g s
#
C o n f i g u r i n g DPMS i n xorg . c o n f i n s e c t i o n Monitor ( times a r e i n minutes ! ! ! )
Option
"DPMS"
Option
" BlankTime "
"4"
Option
" StandbyTime "
"0"
Option
" SuspendTime "
"0"
Option
" OffTime "
"5"
E. Branlard
52
Chapter
7
XFCE - xfce4
7.1 Important xfce folders
~/ .
c o n f i g /xfce4/panel
c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f /−−−−/ x f c e 4 −p a n e l . xml
~/ . c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f / x f c e −p e r c h a n n e l −xml / x f c e 4 −keyboard − s h o r t c u t s . xml
~/ . c o n f i g / Thunar / uca . xml
%custom a c t i o n s
~/ . c o n f i g / Thunar / a c c e l s . scm
%s h o r t c u t s
~/ . c a c h e / s e s s i o n s
~/ . c o n f i g / u s e r − d i r s . c o n f
~/ .
7.2 Remember where xfce4-panel layout is stored
% REMEBMBER: Always
do
change on t h e f i l e s when X i s not r u n n i n g ( x f c e )
% Things have changed now , x f c e −p a n e l a p p l e t s a r e more and more c o n f i g u r e s
through t h e xlm f i l e . In t h e f o l d e r panel , t h e r e i s j u s t s t u f f l i k e
q u i c k l a u n c h e r . That ' s way b e t t e r . .
%
There i s t h e d i r e c t o r y
~/ . c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / p a n e l
but t h e r e i s a l s o
~/ . c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f /−−−−/ x f c e 4 − p a n e l . xml
The l a t t e r d e f i n i n g t h e l a y o u t ! ! ! !
7.3 Disable roll up of windows with mousewheel
x f c o n f −query −c xfwm4 −p
/ g e n e r a l / mousewheel_r o l l u p
−s
false
7.4 Tiling with xfwm4
%%
%
With Pywo
Now t h e b e s t f o r me i s d e f i n i t e l y pywo with xinerama : a c t s l i k e w i n s p l i t
revolution
For pure t i l i n g , a g e n c i n g a l l windows on s c r e e n a u t o m a t i c a l l y : u s e p y t y l e
53
CHAPTER 7. XFCE - XFCE4
pywo g r i d_width −g R −w H −h F −−xinerama
pywo g r i d_width −g TL −w H −h F −−xinerama
pywo put −p L ;
pywo put −p R;
%%
%
THUNAR TILING ( when you go on an edge )
Download patch on t h i s w e b s i t e ( I s t o r e d i t )
h t t p : // n o t a n o t h e r s h e e p . com/ XFCE4WindowTiling
built
apt −g e t source xfwm4
apt −g e t b u i l d −dep xfwm4
cp whatever −path / x f w m 4 t i l i n g . patch . /
patch −p0 < x f w m 4 t i l i n g . patch
cd xfwm4 − 4 . 8 . 3
./configure
make
cd
I f you have s e v e r a l workspace , i t won ' t work w e l l
x f c e s e t t i n g s / Windows Manager / Advanced / Don ' t wrap w o r k s p a c e s
%%
%
With wmctrl ( f o r m e r s t u f f )
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l wmctrl
% example TopLeft :
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −b remove , maximized_v e r t , maximized_h o r z ; wmctrl − r :
ACTIVE : −e 1 , 8 3 , 0 , 6 6 4 , 4 6 0
Modify d i r e c t l y t h e keyboard s h o r t c u t s . c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f . . . .
s h o r t c u r t s . xml
%%
%
With Compiz ( o l d i n f o s )
h t t p : // ubuntuforums . o r g / showthread . php? t =801170&h i g h l i g h t=w i n s p l i t
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l compiz − f u s i o n −bcop compiz −dev c o m p i z c o n f i g − s e t t i n g s −
manager b u i l d − e s s e n t i a l l i b t o o l l i b g l u 1 −mesa−dev l i b x s s −dev l i b c a i r o 2 −
dev g i t − c o r e
mkdir
~/ compiz
cd ~/ compiz
g i t c l o n e g i t : // a n o n g i t . compiz − f u s i o n . o r g / u s e r s / s t e v e k / g r i d
grid
make
make i n s t a l l
cd
7 . 1 You may need t o enable " Normal" o r " Extra " under d e s k t o p e f f e c t s i n
System−>P r e f e r e n c e s −>Appearance f i r s t . ( You may a l s o need t o chown −R
u s e r : u s e r ~/ compiz i n o r d e r t o g e t t h i n g s t o c o m p i l e . )
ccsm
9 . Check " g r i d " under "Window Management" .
7.5 Accessing les on the desktop without having to go to the desktop
E. Branlard
54
My s o l u t i o n :
i n s t a l l x f c e 4 − x f a p p l e t and f i l e −browser − a p p l e t
7.6 Cleaning up Xfce menu - applications wine
These menu a r e i n t h e s e f o l d e r s
~/ . l o c a l / s h a r e / a p p l i c a t i o n s / wine
*
~/ . l o c a l / s h a r e / desktop − d i r e c t o r i e s / wine −
~/ .
c o n f i g / menus / a p p l i c a t i o n s −merged / wine −*
. l o c a l / s h a r e / desktop − d i r e c t o r i e s
I f your wine a p p l i c a t i o n s go i n t o Other menu i n s t e a d o f Wine you a r e
m i s s i n g a menu c o n f i g f i l e which i s not re − c r e a t e d by s i m p l y re −
i n s t a l l i n g wine package .
. c o n f i g / menus
c r e a t e a f o l d e r named a p p l i c a t i o n s −merged
and i n s i d e a t e x t f i l e with wine −Programs . menu
with t h e f o l l o w i n g t e x t :
< !DOCTYPE Menu PUBLIC "−// f r e e d e s k t o p //DTD Menu 1 . 0 //EN"
" h t t p : //www. f r e e d e s k t o p . o r g / s t a n d a r d s /menu−s p e c /menu − 1 . 0 . dtd ">
<Menu>
<Name>A p p l i c a t i o n s </Name>
<Menu>
<Name>wine −wine</Name>
<D i r e c t o r y >wine −wine . d i r e c t o r y </ D i r e c t o r y >
<Menu>
<Name>wine −Programs</Name>
<D i r e c t o r y >wine −Programs . d i r e c t o r y </ D i r e c t o r y >

<Filename>wine −Programs −Wenlin . desktop</ Filename>

</Menu>
</Menu>
</Menu>
7.7 Understanding Mimetypes
~/ . l o c a l / s h a r e /
~/ . l o c a l /mime
7.8 Command for Toggle Desktop
#! / b i n / sh
i f xprop − r o o t
_NET_SHOWING_DESKTOP| e g r e p '= 1 ' ;
wmctrl −k o f f ;
then
else
wmctrl −k on ;
E. Branlard
55
fi
7.9 Notications
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i b n o t i f y −b i n
send n o t i f i c a t i o n t o a n o t i f i c a t i o n daemon : x f c e 4 − n o t i f y d par exemple
n o t i f y −send j d g h j d f h
du − c h s %N | x a r g s −0 n o t i f y −send − t 2000 − i o p e n o f f i c e o r g −20− d a t a b a s e
ffmpeg − i %f 2>&1 | g r e p Stream | awk −F , ' { p r i n t $ 1 " \n
"$2 $3
" $ 5 } ' | x a r g s −0 n o t i f y −send − t 2000 − i gnome−volume− c o n t r o l
awk
−F , ' { p r i n t
$ 1 " \n
"$2
$ 3 $ 4 " \n
$ 4 " \n
" $ 5 } ' Test
7.10 Thunar - Congure shortcuts
Go t o Xfce p r e f e r e n c e s / Appearence / S e t t i n g s and enable e d i t a b l e
shortcuts
Then i n thunar , pop−up one menu from t h e menu bar , when you hover an
a c t i o n you can e d i t t h e s h o r t c u t by s i m p l y p r e s s i n g t h e k e y b i n d i n g you
want . r e s s i n g b a c k s p a c e e r a s e i t .
Some s h o r t c u t s a r e s t o r e d i n :
c o n f i g / Thunar / a c c e l s . scm
/ home /manu/ .
7.11 xfce shortcuts are stored in
~/ .
c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f / x f c e −p e r c h a n n e l −xml / x f c e 4 −keyboard − s h o r t c u t s . xml
and t h e r e r a r e p l e n t y o f o t h e r c o o l f i l e s t h e r e
7.12 Thunar - User customed actions
S t o r e d i n ~/ . c o n f i g / Thunar / uca . xml
mine : l a t e x c l e a n , To mp3 , Zip i t ! , New f o l d e r , I n s t a l l package , Eps2pdf ,
terminal Fichier
(How Big t h e s e l e c t i o n )
h t t p : // forums . d e b i a n . n e t / v i e w t o p i c . php? f =20&t =49558
7.13 XFCE Default User directories - Thunar Templates
%%
%
Easiest
e d i t ~ . c o n f i g / u s e r −d i r s . c o n f
This i s i m p o r t a n t f o r t e m p l a t e s ! ! ! I don ' t l i k e them i n my home , I l i k e
them b e t e t r i n my . c o n f i g / Templates
Requires relogging
E. Branlard
56
%O t h e r w i s e D e f a u l t t e m p l a t e d i r e c t o r y i s
~/ Templates
%%
%
System wide
See :
/ e t c / xdg / u s e r − d i r s . c o n f
And mainly , e d i t :
$ {XDG_CONFIG_HOME: −~/ . c o n f i g } / u s e r − d i r s . d i r s
This can be u s e f u l
for
Desktop , Templates , Images , Download e t c . . .
7.14 Astuce XFCE : transparent background for panel
patch :
h t t p : // forum . x f c e . o r g / i n d e x . php? t o p i c = 4 7 2 1 . 0 ; prev_next=prev#new
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i b e x o −0.3 − dev l i b x f c e g u i 4 −dev xorg −dev l i b g t k 2 .0 −
dev l i b x f c e 4 u t i l −dev libwnck −dev
7.15 Astuce XFCE : Handle acpi event for power button, show Xfce
logout options
I f you would l i k e t h e x f c e logout menu t o show up when you p r e s s your
power button , and your machine has a c p i support , then do t h e f o l l o w i n g :
*
sudo vim
/ e t c / a c p i / e v e n t s / powerbtn
# / e t c / a c p i / e v e n t s / powerbtn
# This i s c a l l e d when t h e u s e r p r e s s e s t h e power b u t t o n and c a l l s
# / e t c / a c p i / powerbtn . sh f o r f u r t h e r p r o c e s s i n g .
# O p t i o n a l l y you can s p e c i f y t h e p l a c e h o l d e r %e . I t w i l l p a s s
# t h r o u g h t h e whole k e r n e l e v e n t message t o t h e program you ' ve
# specified .
# We need t o r e a c t on " b u t t o n power . * " and " b u t t o n / power . * " b e c a u s e
# of k e r n e l changes .
e v e n t=button [ / ] power
a c t i o n=/ u s r / l o c a l / s b i n / x f c e 4 −shutdown−as − u s e r . sh
*
sudo vim
/ u s r / l o c a l / s b i n / x f c e 4 −shutdown −as − u s e r
. sh
#! / b i n / sh
# x f c e 4 −shutdown −as −u s e r . sh
#
# Check how many u s e r s are c u r r e n t l y l o g g e d i n t o X.
# I f o n l y one u s e r i s l o g g e d in , run a s c r i p t which s e t s
# up t h e environment t o c a l l x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n − l o g o u t .
LOGGED_IN_USER=` l s − t r l /tmp/ . ICE−unix / | t a i l −n −1 | c u t −d ' ' − f3 `
NUM_X_USERS=` echo $LOGGED_IN_USER | wc − l `
E. Branlard
57
if
[
$NUM_X_USERS −eq 1 ] ; then
sudo −H −u $LOGGED_IN_USER / u s r / l o c a l / s b i n / x f c e 4 −u s e r − s e s s i o n −shutdown
. sh
fi
* sudo vim
/ u s r / l o c a l / s b i n / x f c e 4 −u s e r − s e s s i o n −shutdown
. sh
#! / b i n / sh
# x f c e 4 −user − s e s s i o n −shutdown . sh
#
# S e t up t h e environment so t h a t DISPLAY and
# SESSION_MANAGER are v a l i d , and x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n − l o g o u t can run
HOST=`hostname `
SESSION_ID=` l s − t /tmp/ . ICE−unix / | head −n1 `
# Note t h a t d i s t r o s use d i f f e r e n t s y n t a x f o r t h e SESSION_MANAGER v a r i a b l e
( t h i s s c r i p t has Debian ' s format ) .
# I f t h i s does not work , t h e n t r y s o m e th i n g l i k e SESSION_MANAGER=" l o c a l /$
HOST:@/ tmp / . ICE−u n i x /$SESSION_ID"
# i n s t e a d . You can a l w a y s f i n d t h e c o r r e c t format f o r your d i s t r i b u t i o n by
looking at the
# v a l u e o f SESSION_MANAGER i n a X s e s s i o n .
DISPLAY=:0 SESSION_MANAGER=" l o c a l /$HOST: /tmp/ . ICE−unix /$SESSION_ID" / u s r /
b i n / x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n −logout
7.16 Xubuntu xfce saved session
malgrÃ© l a c a se dÃ©cochÃ©e dans " s e s s i o n s e t dÃ©marrage " du g e s t i o n n a i r e
de paramÃ¨tres de x f c e , t o u s l e s programmes r e v e n a i e n t Ã l ' o u v e r t u r e
de s e s s i o n .
j ' a i e f f e c t u Ã © l e s o p Ã © r a t i o n s s u i v a n t e s e t t o u t e s t r e n t r Ã © dans l ' o r d r e
:
dans mon r Ã © p e r t o i r e p e r s o :
1 ) j ' a i supprimÃ© l e contenu du r Ã © p e r t o i r e . c a c h e / s e s s i o n s
2 ) j ' a i Ã©ditÃ© l e f i c h i e r . c o n f i g / x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n / x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n . r c pour
remplacer :
SaveOnExit=true
par
SaveOnExit= f a l s e
7.17 Sound mixing - xfce4-volumed - amixer - pulseaudio
%%
%
Now
My c u r e n t o p t i o n : x f c e −volumed f o r + and − , and a p e r s o n n a l s c r i p t f o r
mute / unmute
I had t o c o m p i l e my own x f c e 4 −volumed t o d e s a c t i v a t e t h e grab on mute key
% x f c e −volumed
Mute / unmute not c o m p a t i b l e with p u l s e a u d i o . See o p t i o n c o m p i l e above .
%%
%
Former o p t i o n
% with a l s a m i x e r ( avec p u l s e a u d i o ! ! ! l ' o p t i o n −c 0 e s t r e q u i s e ( d e f a u l t
device ) )
amixer −c 0 s s e t Master t o g g l e
E. Branlard
58
amixer −c 0 s s e t Master 1− unmute
amixer −c 0 s s e t Master 1+ unmute
%%
%
Avec aumix ( mieux avec p u l s e a u d i o ? ? ? )
aumix −v+1
aumix −v−1
%%
%
Avec a l s a m i x e r
%t o g g l e Mute
amixer s s e t Master t o g g l e
%d e c r e a s e
amixer s s e t Master 1− unmute
%i n c r e a s e
amixer s s e t Master 1+ unmute
%%
%
Way b e f o r e − I used keytouch
7.18 Applications pour environnement xfce sans dependances gnome
ou kde
MP3 p l a y e r : xmms l i s t e n banshee quod− l i b e t rhytmbox s o n a t a
amarok
xfce4
x f c e 4 − e x t r a s / thunar −volman
x f c e 4 −e x t r a s / x f c e 4 −s c r e e n s h o o t e r
xfburn : gravure
x a r c h i v e r s q u e e z e : a r c h i v e management
xfmedia : multimedia p l a y e r −> n u l
Image v i e w e r
g p i c v i e w > OK (mon p r e f e r e )
mirage −> b o f
r i s t r e t t o −> n u l
L i f e r e a : Flux RSS
web b r o w s e r :
m i d o r i −> ok , but b o f
khazeakaze
x f b i b : e d i t BibTeX f i l e s ( f o r u s e with LyX) ,
l y x : between word and l a t e x ? ? ? ? ?
emelfm2 enca : a l t e r n a t i v e t o thunar , l i k e t o t a l commander
catfish : f i l e searching tool
HardInfo ( sys −apps / h a r d i n f o ) −− System P r o f i l e r and Benchmark
q a l c u l a t e −gtk q a l c u l a t e −b a s e s q a l c u l a t e −c u r r e n c y q a l c u l a t e − u n i t s
EasyTAG ( media−sound / e a s y t a g ) −− U t i l i t y f o r e d i t i n g MP2, MP3, MP4, FLAC,
Ogg and o t h e r media t a g s
xfmedia o r :
haaw ! Media P l a y e r ( media−v i d e o /whaawmp) −− A l i g h t w e i g h t a u d i o / v i d e o
p l a y e r u s i n g Gstreamer
E. Branlard
59
Chapter
8
SYSTEM
8.1 Password protect single user mode
When b o o t i n g i n t o s i n g l e u s e r mode you w i l l not be prompted f o r t h e r o o t
password . This i s something e v e r y a t t a c k e r knows and p r a y s on once he
has g a i n e d p h y s i c a l a c c e s s t o you box . So what do you do ?
su : S : wait : / s b i n / s u l o g i n
to / etc / i n i t t a b
8.2 Turn o php expose
e d i t php . i n i , s e a r c h f o r e x p o s e and t u r n i t o f f
sudo vim / e t c / php5 / apache2 / php . i n i
8.3 Heure machine exact - NTP daemon
i n s t a l l e r ntp
8.4 Increase password strength with PAM cracklib or passwdqc
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l libpam −passwdqc
8.5 Init Boot sequence messages in color - [ok]
h t t p : // ubuntuforums . o r g / showthread . php? t =50054
Ed it / l i b / l s b / i n i t − f u n c t i o n s
Find t h e l o g_end_msg ( ) function , a l l t h e way a t t h e bottom o f t h e f i l e
− Add GREEN=` $TPUT s e t a f 2 ` below RED=` $TPUT s e t a f 1 `
− I n s t e a d o f echo " . " :
echo " $UP$END[ $ {GREEN} ok $ {NORMAL} ] "
%%
%
For i n s t a n c e , what I ' ve donee :
l o g_b e g i n_msg ( ) {
60
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
if
[ −z " $ {1: − } " ] ;
return 1
then
fi
if
l o g_u s e_f a n c y_output ; then
GREEN=` $TPUT s e t a f 2 `
NORMAL=` $TPUT op `
else
GREEN= ' '
NORMAL= ' '
fi
−n "
#echo −n "
echo
}
*
$NORMAL[ $GREEN $NORMAL]
$@"
$@"
l o g_u s e_f a n c y_output ; then
RED=` $TPUT s e t a f 1 `
GREEN=` $TPUT s e t a f 2 `
YELLOW=` $TPUT s e t a f 3 `
NORMAL=` $TPUT s e t a f 7 `
BOLD=` $TPUT b o l d `
UNBOLD=` $TPUT rmso `
COLS=$ ( $TPUT c o l s )
COL=$ ( ( $COLS− 8) )
UP=$ ( $TPUT cuu1 )
END=$ ( $TPUT hpa $COL)
START=$ ( $TPUT hpa 0 )
if
#
#
#
else
RED= ' '
GREEN= ' '
YELLOW= ' '
NORMAL= ' '
fi
−eq 0 ] ; then
/ b i n /echo −e " $START$NORMAL[ $ {GREEN} ok $ {NORMAL} ] "
e l i f [ $ 1 −eq 255 ] ; then
/ b i n /echo −e " $START$NORMAL[ $ {YELLOW}warn $ {NORMAL} ] "
if
[
else
$1
#/ b i n / echo −e " $END$NORMAL[ $ {RED} f a i l $ {NORMAL} ] "
/ b i n /echo −e " $START$NORMAL[ $ {RED} f a i l $ {NORMAL} ] "
fi
8.6 Nettoyage des log automatique
l o g r o t a t e s e c h a r g e de ca , par d e f a u l t en c r o n . d a i l y . Perso j e l e f o u en
c r o n . weekly .
Modifier l e /etc/ logrotate . conf
8.7 Informations systeme
lspci
lsusb
8.8 Addressse MAC
E. Branlard
61
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
sudo i f c o n f i g
Regarder a p r e s HWaddress
8.9 Journaux systemes - bootlog
dmesg
/ var / l o g / kren
. l o g mes sag es . l o g
syslog . log
u t i l e de l e s v o i r avec gnome−system − l o g
B o o t l o g : a l l e r v o i r / e t c / d e f a u l t / b o o t l o g d =Yes
8.10 Add a path to locate
ADD a NETPATH i n t h e f i l e
/ e t c / updatedb
. conf or
/ etc /cron
. daily/locate
8.11 ANSI Escape sequences - escape codes for bashrc and login
ESC e s t l e c a c t e r e code ACII 27 s o i t en o c t a l 033
L ' i n s e r e r avec vim en mode i n s e r t i o n : C t r l+V C t r l+Esc ( a f f i c h e ^ [ <=>
ESC)
#Les p l u s i m p o r t a n t :
Wherever you s e e '# ' , t h a t s h o u l d be r e p l a c e d by t h e a p p r o p r i a t e number .
ESC [ 2 J
C l e a r s c r e e n and home c u r s o r
ESC [ #; # ; . . . . ; #m
S e t d i s p l a y a t t r i b u t e s where # i s
0 : normal d i s p l a y
1 : bold
4 : underline
5 : blink
2 2 : normal
30 b l a c k f o r e g r o u n d
31 r e d f o r e g r o u n d
32 g r e e n f o r e g r o u n d
33 y e l l o w f o r e g r o u n d
34 b l u e f o r e g r o u n d
35 magenta f o r e g r o u n d
36 cyan f o r e g r o u n d
37 w h i t e f o r e g r o u n d
39 d e f a u l t f o r e g r o u n d
40 b l a c k background
41 r e d background
42 g r e e n background
43 y e l l o w background
44 b l u e background
45 magenta background
46 cyan background
47 w h i t e background
49 d e f a u l t background
#L i s t e c o m p l e t e : h t t p : // i s t h e . com/ chongo / t e c h / comp / a n s i_e s c a p e s . html
E. Branlard
62
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
8.12 Geeking around with the login prompt - Customization
The l i n e b e f o r e t h e l o g i n i s c o n f i g u r e d i n t h e f i l e
/etc/issue
8.13 A quiet boot with color-coded error messages in Debian
# Less messages :
F i r s t o f a l l , change VERBOSE=y e s t o VERBOSE=no i n / e t c / d e f a u l t / r c S .
This g e t r i d o f some me ssa ges from t h e boot s c r i p t s .
Next , add ' q u i e t ' a s a k e r n e l o p t i o n i n / boot / grub /menu . c f g . This
t e l l t h e k e r n e l and i n i t r a m f s t o be more q u i e t on t h e c o n s o l e .
# Usplash
Last , i n s t a l l t h e u s p l a s h package . This enable c o l o r c o d i n g o f t h e
boot mes sag es . You do not have t o enable t h e s p l a s h s u p p o r t t o g e t
the c o l o r coding .
I f you do want t o enable t h e s p l a s h support , I
recommend i n s t a l l i n g some o t h e r s p l a s h image , f o r example t h e one i n
debian −edu−artwork − u s p l a s h . To enable t h e s p l a s h s u p p o r t add ' s p l a s h '
a s a k e r n e l o p t i o n i n / boot / grub /menu . c f g .
#a l s o
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l s t a r t u p m a n a g e r
8.14 Use aptitude - Utiliser aptitude - liste de paquets - dpkg - apt-get
- Manage Packages - package list
#I n v e r s e s e a r c h t o s e e d e p e n d e n c i e s
a p t i t u d e s e a r c h ' ~ i ~Dbash '
#purge t o u s l e s p a q u e s t q u i s o n t dans l ' e t a t " c " ( d e l e t e d mais
configuration )
a p t i t u d e purge ~c
# I n s t a l l s o u r c e p a c k a g e s ( as u s e r p r e f e r a b l y ) ! ! !
apt −g e t source PACKAGE
# I n s t a l l dependencies to b u i l d the sources ! ! !
apt −g e t b u i l d −dep PACKAGE
%%
%
DPKG −
% package i n s t a l l e d
dpkg − l
% Output a l l p a c k g e s i n s t a l l e d , and u s e t h i s l i s t t o r e s t o r e a system
install
dpkg −−get − s e l e c t i o n s > l i s t e . dpkg
dpkg −−s e t − s e l e c t i o n s < l i s t e . dpkg
# p a c k a g e l i s t per r e p o s i t o r y / l i s t e de p a q u e t s par r e p o s i t o r y , ( r e q u i r e s
t o i n s t a l l apt −show− v e r s i o n s )
apt −show− v e r s i o n s | g r e p u n s t a b l e
apt −show− v e r s i o n s | g r e p −v s q u e e z e
apt −c a c h e p o l i c y
a p t i t u d e s e a r c h " ? i n s t a l l e d ? o r i g i n ( Debian ) "
E. Branlard
63
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
%%
%
when a package r e a l l y i s i m p o s s i b l e t o c o n f i g u r e
− Try t h e f o r c e o p t i o n o f apt −g e t
/
remove
− e d i t / var / l i b / s t a t u s , and remove t h e e n t r y c o r r e s p o n d i n g a t t h e package .
CAREFUL ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Do Backups !
dpkg −L package : t o l i s t t h e f i l e s c o n c e r n e d by t h i s package
##A p t i t u d e
1 st caractere : state
p : non p r e s e n t s u r l e systeme
i : installe
u : paquet v i r t u e l
c : supprime mais c o n f i g s u r l e system
2 eme : a c t i o n prevue
i : install
d : suppr
p : purger , s u p p r i m e r + s u p p r i m e r c o n f i g
A : i n s t a l l e automatiquement
c l e a n : supprime t o u s l e s p a q u e t s du c a c h e : / var / c a c h e / apt / a r c h i v e s
a u t o c l e a n : supprime s u e l e u m e n t l e s a n c i e n s p a q u e t s
8.15 Bien maitriser ses paquets - application a nvidia
#
/ etc /apt/sources
. list
#/ e t c / a p t / p r e f e r e n c e s
# que l ' on c h e c k avec
apt −c a c h e p o l i c y
a p t i t u d e d i s t −upgrade −d
apt −c a c h e p o l i c y n v i d i a − g l x
apt −c a c h e p o l i c y n v i d i a − k e r n e l −source
dpkg − l | g r e p n v i d i a
apt −g e t
apt −g e t
m−a a− i
apt −g e t
update
i n s t a l l n v i d i a − k e r n e l −source
n v i d i a − k e r n e l −source
i n s t a l l n v i d i a −g l x
8.16 Command to reload fstab
#t o r e l a o d
mount −a
/ e t c / mtab
and
/etc/fstab
8.17 Changer le nom de votre machine, change hostname
sudo vim
E. Branlard
/ e t c / hostname
64
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
8.18 Rendre clef USB amorcable - install distribution iso from usb
bootable
%%
%
Simple o p t i o n
Simply u s e UNetbootin ( m u l t i p l a t f o r m , e x i s t s a s a l i n u x package )
%%
%
More advance , format p a r t i t i o n s , and make i t b o o t a b l e
h t t p : //www. s y s r e s c c d . o r g / S y s r e s c c d −manual−en_How_t o_ i n s t a l l _SystemRescueCd
_on_an_USB− s t i c k
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l f s a r c h i v e r ( j u s t t o c h e c k )
#f s a r c h i v e r p r o b e
# s ' i l y a une p a r t i t i o n
mount − t v f a t / dev / s d f 1 /mnt/ u s b s t i c k
# r e i n i t i a l i z a t i o n de l a t a b l e d e s p a r t i t i o n s
c f d i s k / dev / sdb
Select
type
LBA FAT32
# f o r m a t t i n g and l a b e l l i n g t h e p a r t i t i o n
mkfs . v f a t −F 32 −n PARTITIONNAME / dev / sdb1
% p u t t i n g s y s l i n u x ( f o r boot )
aptitude i n s t a l l syslinux
% c o p y i n g t h e d e f a u l t MBR o f s y s l i n u x
dd i f =/ u s r / s h a r e / s y s l i n u x /mbr . b i n o f=/ dev / sdb
/ u s r / l i b / s y s l i n u x /mbr . b i n
%%
%
Debian : d i r e c t l y with t h e f i l e hd−media / boot . img . gz
z c a t hd−media / boot . img . gz > / dev / sdb1
mount t h e p a r t i t i o n on your USB memory s t i c k ( mount / dev / sda1 /mnt ) and
copy a Debian n e t i n s t o r b u s i n e s s c a r d ISO image t o i t ( p l e a s e n o t e t h a t
t h e f i l e name must end i n . ISO ) .
%%
%#
img f i l e
Even though t h i s image i s a . img f i l e , i t i s gzipped , s o i t n e e d s t o be
e x t r a c t e d t o your t a r g e t volume :
g u n z i p −c FreeNAS−amd64−embedded−xxx . img | dd o f=/ dev / sdb
8.19 Comment savoir si on est 32 ou 64bits
%%
%methode
1
cat / p r o c / c p u i n f o
model name
: AMD Athlon (tm) 64 P r o c e s s o r 3500+
2 ( model name
: I n t e l (R) Atom(TM) CPU N270
p e r l −e ' p r i n t ~ 1 2 3 ; '
4294967172 #32 b i t s
18446744073709551492 #64 b i t s
%%
%methode
%%
%methode
cat
E. Branlard
test
.c
@ 1 . 6 0GHz)
3 script C
65
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
#i n c l u d e <s t d i o . h>
#i n c l u d e 
{
p r i n t f ( "%l d CPU (%u b i t s ) \n" , s y s c o n f (_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) , 8 *
s i z e o f ( void*) ) ;
return 0 ;
}
g c c −W −Wall −O2
a . out
24 CPU ( 3 2 b i t s )
test
.c
8.20 ExÃ©cuter plusieurs versions de Debian avec chroot
h t t p : //www. d e b i a n . o r g / doc / manuals / debian − r e f e r e n c e / ch− t i p s . f r . html
Un environnment c h r o o t Debian peut aisÃ©ment Ã ª t r e crÃ©Ã© par l a commande
d e b o o t s t r a p de Woody . Par exemple , pour c r Ã © e r un c h r o o t S i d s u r / s i d −
r o o t avec une c o n n e x i o n I n t e r n e t r a p i d e :
main # cd / ; mkdir / s i d − r o o t
main # d e b o o t s t r a p s i d / s i d − r o o t h t t p : // f t p . d e b i a n . org / d e b i a n /
. . . r e g a r d e z l e systÃ¨me s e t Ã © l Ã © c h a r g e r
main # echo " proc − s i d / s i d − r o o t / proc proc none 0 0" >> / e t c / f s t a b
main # mount proc − s i d / s i d − r o o t / proc − t proc
main # cp / e t c / h o s t s / s i d − r o o t / e t c / h o s t s
main # c h r o o t / s i d − r o o t / b i n / bash
c h r o o t # cd / dev ; / s b i n /MAKEDEV g e n e r i c ; cd −
c h r o o t # apt − s e t u p # s e t −up / e t c / a p t / s o u r c e s . l i s t
chroot # v i / etc /apt/sources . l i s t # mettre l a source sur u n s t a b l e
c h r o o t # d s e l e c t # ou a p t i t u d e , i n s t a l l e z mc e t vim : − )
A c e p o i n t , vous d e v r i e z a v o i r un systÃÂ¨me Debian complÃ¨tement
f o n c t i o n n e l , avec l e q u e l vous pouvez j o u e r s a n s a v o i r peur de t o u c h e r
v o t r e i n s t a l l a t i o n Debian p r i n c i p a l e .
8.21 Probleme d'heure
# h w c l o c k −r #or h w c l o c k −−show
# h w c l o c k −w #or h w c l o c k −− s y s t o h c
# h w c l o c k − s #or h w c l o c k −− h c t o s y s
sudo hwclock −− h c t o s y s
hardware
sudo hwclock −− s y s t o h c
systeme
#r e s e t l ' heure s y s t e m e a p a r t i r de l ' heure
#r e s e t l ' heure hardware a p a r t i r de l ' heure
sudo d a t e +%H:%M −−s e t=" 2 1 : 4 2 "
veut
#s e t l ' heure s y s t e m e a c e l l e que l ' on
8.22 Make your own init script - launching scripts at boot - init.d
E. Branlard
66
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
Sinon , pour qu ' i l s e l a n c e au dÃ©marrage , i l f a u t que tu c r Ã © e s un p e t i t
s c r i p t de r i e n du t o u t e t que tu l e m e t t e s dans ton d o s s i e r ou s o n t l e s
s c r i p t s de dÃ©marrage . . .
Par exemple , s i l e s c r i p t p l u s haut s ' a p p e l automat−s s h . sh , l e s c r i p t de
demarrage peut Ã ª t r e : ( on l ' a p p e l e r a i n i t −automatssh . sh pour l a s u i t e
)
#! / b i n / bash
automat −s s h . sh
Tu l e c o p i e s dans / e t c / i n i t . d /
Tu l u i donnes l e s bons d r o i t s : chmod +x i n i t −automatss . sh
Tu r e p Ã ¨ r e s ton d o s s i e r de demarrage . ( S i tu ne l e c o n n a i s pas , r e g a r d e
dans i n i t t a b , au n i v e a u du r u n l e v e l . )
S i c ' e s t 2 ( c ' e s t mon c a s ) , a l o r s dans / e t c / r c 2 . d / , tu f a i s un l i e n s v e r s
ton s u p e r s c r i p t !
l n −s
/etc/ i n i t
. d / i n i t −automat . sh
/etc/rc2
. d / S90automatssh . sh
( S90 s e r a l e 90 iÃ¨me s e r v i c e lancÃ© , j e mets Ã§a , p a r c e que j e p e n s e que
ton r e s e a u e s t d e j a lancÃ© Ã c e s t a d e du dÃ©marrage . . . )
8.23 Bip systeme - tab - arret systeme
%%
%
Method 1
Fermer l e c l a p p e t au PC beep avec a l s a m i x e r
%%
%
Method 2
X command : t o run i n a t e r m i n a l o r put i n . x i n i t r c
xset b o f f
%%
%
Method 3 ( f i r s t check i s lsmod r e t u r n s p c s p k r )
#You can d i s a b l e t h i s by e d i t i n g a f i l e and e n t e r i n g two s i m p l e l i n e s .
sudo vim / e t c / modprobe . d / b l a c k l i s t
# s i l l y s p e a k e r beep
b l a c k l i s t pcspkr
I f you don ' t want t o wait u n t i l a r e b o o t , s i m p l y type :
sudo rmmod p c s p k r
8.24 Congurer son reseau a la main
#A j o u t e r l ' i n t e r f a c e e t h 0 en dhcp
auto e t h 0
i f a c e e t h 0 i n e t dhcp
/ e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
r e d e m a r r e r l e network : / e t c / i n i t . d / n e t w o r k i n g r e s t a r t
r e v e i l l e r l e r e s e a u avec
i f u p eth0
8.25 Conversion UTF8 ISO-8859-1
E. Branlard
67
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
h t t p : //www. h a y p o c a l c . com/ w i k i /UTF−8_e t_Linux
#i c o n v
i c o n v − f i s o −8859 −1 − t u t f −8 out
# v e r s UTF−8
i c o n v − f u t f −8 − t i s o −8859 −1 out
# v e r s l a t i n −1
i c o n v − f u t f −8 − t i s o −8859 −1 f i l e 1 > f i l e 2
# f i l e − i : c o n n a i t r e l ' encodage
f i l e −i filename
f i l e − i * | g r e p u t f −8 | awk −F : ' { p r i n t
$1;}
' | xargs
#us − a s c i i
US− a s c i i ne c o n t e i n t pas d ' a c c e n t s .
La t a b l e de c a r a c t Ã ¨ r e s us − a s c i i e s t s t r i c t e m e n t i n s c r i t e dans u t f −8 e t
t o u s l e s c a r a c t Ã ¨ r e s de us − a s c i i ont l a mÃªme v a l e u r dans us − a s c i i e t
dans u t f 8 . Donc v o u l o i r c o n v e r t i r de us − a s c i i v e r s u t f 8 n ' a t o u t
simplement pas de s e n s .
8.26 Initramfs
initramfs
sudo m k i n i t r a m f s −o / boot / i n i t r a m f s − 2 . 6 . 2 6
8.27 Restaurer une installation Debian - Restore Debian install Package list
S i tu veux p o u v o i r r e p r o d u i r e une i n s t a l l a t i o n s o u s Debian , j ' a i entendu
p a r l e r du c o u p l e :
dpkg −−get − s e l e c t i o n s > l i s t e . dpkg
pour l i s t e r l e s p a q u e t s i n s t a l l Ã © s s u r Debian au format pour l a commande
suivante :
dpkg −−s e t − s e l e c t i o n s < l i s t e . dpkg
q u i f e r a l e " r e s t a u r e " d e s p a q u e t s s u r une a u t r e machine Debian .
s i tu veux v o i r t o u t t e s package i n s t a l l Ã © f a i t un l s
archives
Ou e n c o r e
a p t i t u d e s e a r c h ' ~ i ! ( ~M) '
/ var / c a c h e / apt /
8.28 Accents, caracteres accentues, font terminal amarok
dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e l o c a l e s
a v o i r f r_FR.UTF−8
8.29 Congurer sudoers
e di t er /etc/sudoers
pour a u t o r i s e r sudo avec password a j o u t e r l a l i g n e :
E. Branlard
68
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
%sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL
s a n s password :
%sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL
8.30 Eteindre / redemarrer : droits utilisateur
On peut p a s s e r par l e f i c h i e r de s u d o e r s mais l e p l u s s i m p l e c ' e s t d '
a j o u t e r l ' u t i l i s a t e u r au groupe powerdev
sudo a d d u s e r manu powerdev
8.31 Demarrage - gestionnaire de connexion - autologin
Pour l ' a u t o l o g i n
− M o d i f i e r l e f i c h i e r d e f i n i s s a n t l e t e r m i n a l p r i n c i p a l / l e s terminaux :
−−−Sous Debian :
Code :
gedit
/etc/ inittab
Commenter l a l i g n e : #1 : 2 3 4 5 : respawn : / s b i n / g e t t y t t y 1
#
La r e m p l a c e r par : 1 : 2 3 4 5 : respawn : / s b i n / m i n g e t t y t t y 1 −− a u t o l o g i n
MONLOGIN
#
1 : 2 3 4 5 : respawn : / b i n / l o g i n − f YOUR_USER_NAME t t y 1 /
dev / t t y 1 2>&1
1 : 2 3 4 5 : respawn : / b i n / l o g i n
− f manu t t y 1 / dev / t t y 1
2>&1
−−−Sous Ubuntu :
Code :
− I n s t a l l e r mingetty : sudo apt −g e t mingetty
g e d i t / e t c / e v e n t . d/ t t y 1
Commenter l a l i g n e : #e x e c / s b i n / g e t t y −n 38400 t t y 1
La r e m p l a c e r par :
exec / s b i n / mingetty t t y 1 −− a u t o l o g i n MONLOGIN
#e x e c / s b i n / g e t t y − l /
u s r / s b i n / a u t o l o g i n −n
38400 t t y 1
Mise en g a r d e :
S i on a un g e s t i o n a i r e de connexion , i l e s t n e c e s s a i r e de l e d e s a c t i v e r !
Pour c e l a j ' a i u t i l i s e sysv −rc −conf , programe q u i permet de g e r e r l e s
s e r v i c e s c h a r g e s au demarrage . On d e s a c t i v e t o u s l e s r u n l e v e l de s l i m
ou gdm ou kdm .
Quelques remarques :
Rq1 : A mon a v i s l ' o p t i o n a u t o l o g i n ne marche pas avec g e t t y , d ' ou l e
b e s o i n d ' u t i l i s e r mingetty −> U t i l i s e r l o g i n s o u s Debian
Rq2 : Mingetty e s t e q u i v a l e n t a r u n g e t t y , mais s o i t d i s a n t p l u s l i g h t !
Rq3 : Sur i n t e r n e t on t r o u v e : u t i l i s e r g e t t y en f a i s a n t un s c r i p t s h e l l
p e r s o , ou en c o m p i l a n t son p r o p r e p e t i t f i c h i e r c
E. Branlard
69
CHAPTER 8. SYSTEM
8.32 Demarrage - gestionnaire de connexion - auto-startx - autostartx
− Creer/ e d i t e r l e f i c h i e r
Y inserer :
Code :
~/ .
bash_ p r o f i l e ( en u t i l i s a t e u r , pas en r o o t )
# Load X11
#i f [ − z " $DISPLAY" ] && [ $ ( t t y ) == / dev / t t y 1 ] ; t h e n
i f [ ` ps − l e | g r e p s t a r t x | wc − l ` == 0 ] ; then
startx
fi
Permettant
1.
Maintenant
xfce . . )
xinitrc
a i n s i de l a n c e r X a chaque o u v e r t u r e de s e s s i o n s u r l e t e r m i n a l
s i vous avez p l u s i e u r s g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e ( f l u x b o x / gnome /
, j e p e n s e que l e c h o i x de c e l u i − c i s e f a i t v i a l e f i c h i e r .
. A confirmer .
Rq : j ' a i eu un probleme , mes u t i l i s a t e u r s n ' a v a i e n t pas l a p e r m i s s i o n de
l a n c e r s t a r t x ( e r r e u r : u n a b l e t o open Xwrapper . c o n f i g . . . ) . J ' a i
r e i n s t a l l e r ou r e c o n f i g u r e r , j e s a i s p l u s , mon s e r v e u r x .
8.33 Autologin, fenetre de connexion sans gdm
You can a l s o u s e g e t t y t o a u t o l o g i n :
1) Create a f i l e /usr/ sbin / a u t o l o g i n
which i s a s f o l l o w s :
#!
/ b i n / bash
exec
l o g i n <your_username>
R ep l ac e <your_username> with t h e name o f t h e u s e r you want t o l o g i n
a u t o m a t i c a l l y . Then make t h a t f i l e e x e c u t a b l e v i a
sudo chmod a+x
/usr/sbin/autologin
2 ) Edi t t h e f i l e
/ etc /event
. d/ t t y 1
and change t h e l i n e
exec / s b i n / g e t t y 38400 t t y 1
to
exec / s b i n / g e t t y − l / u s r / s b i n / a u t o l o g i n −n 38400 t t y 1
E. Branlard
70
Chapter
9
FILESYSTEMS, UTILISATEURS, GROUPES,
DROITS
9.1 Policykit - local authority - rights for reboot, mount usb etc..
C o n s o l e k i t i n wheezy d o e s not behave w e l l with s t a r t x , i t ' s p r o b a b l y a
matter o f t h e s e s s i o n b e i n g a c t i v e o r not
Ether go back t o t h e s q u e e z e v e r s i o n , o r manage t h e p o l i c y k i t y o u r s e l f by
c r e a t i n g . pkla f i l e s in the f o l d e r
/ e t c / p o l k i t −1/ l o c a l a u t h o r i t y /50− l o c a l . d
( that ' s t h e f o l d e r t h e most
a p p r o p r i a t e f o r our u s e )
% Info :
man p k l o c a l a u t h o r i t y
ls
/usr/share/polkit
−1/ a c t i o n s /
% S l e e p and h i b e r n a t i o n
c r e a t e a f i l e , say 10− upower . p k l a with
[ upower ]
I d e n t i t y=unix − u s e r : *
Action=o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . upower . *
ResultAny=y e s
% mounting d r i v e s
[ udisks ]
I d e n t i t y=unix − u s e r : *
Action=o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . u d i s k s . *
ResultAny=y e s
% shutdown , r e b o o t
[ stop ]
I d e n t i t y=unix − u s e r : manu
Action=o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . c o n s o l e k i t . system . s t o p
ResultAny=y e s
[ restart ]
I d e n t i t y=unix − u s e r : manu
Action=o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . c o n s o l e k i t . system . r e s t a r t
ResultAny=y e s
71
CHAPTER 9. FILESYSTEMS, UTILISATEURS, GROUPES, DROITS
9.2 Les droits d'endossement SetUID et SetGID
h t t p : //www. commentcamarche . n e t / f a q / 3603 − s e c u r i t e − d r o i t s −d−a c c e s −gnu− l i n u x#
i i i −l e s − d r o i t s −s p e c i a u x
chmod 4644 f i c h i e r
chmod u+s
chmod g+s
(4000)
(2000)
Les d r o i t s d ' endossement dans GNU/ Linux s o n t r e p r Ã © s e n t Ã © s par :
* la l e t t r e s ( s i l e droit x est positionnÃ© )
* l a l e t t r e S ( s i l e d r o i t x n ' e s t pas p o s i t i o n n Ã © )
NumÃ©riquement , l e s d r o i t s d ' endossement s o n t r e p r Ã © s e n t Ã © s de l a faÃ§on
suivante :
* 4000 − pour l ' endossement de l ' i d e n t i t Ã © du p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e
* 2000 − pour l ' endossement de l ' i d e n t i t Ã © du groupe
Le comportement d e s d r o i t s d ' endossement .
* Pour l e s f i c h i e r s programme ou e x Ã © c u t a b l e
o SUID = 4000 − l e p r o c e s s u s
programme exÃ©cutÃ©
o SGID = 2000 − l e p r o c e s s u s
exÃ©cutÃ©
* Pour l e s r Ã © p e r t o i r e s
o SGID = 2000 − l e s f i c h i e r s
a p p a r t i e n n e n t au groupe
a l e s d r o i t s du p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e du
a l e s d r o i t s du groupe du programme
q u i s e t r o u v e n t dans l e r Ã © p e r t o i r e
du r Ã © p e r t o i r e
Les d r o i t s d ' endossement s o n t t r Ã ¨ s i m p o r t a n t s pour l a s Ã © c u r i t Ã © .
Au l i e u de donner l ' a c c Ã ¨ s Ã un f i c h i e r , on donne l e d r o i t d ' a c c Ã ¨ s Ã une commande .
Le k e r n e l ( ou noyau ) , au moment de l ' e x Ã © c u t i o n de l a commande e n d o s s e l '
i d e n t i t Ã © du p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e ou du groupe de l a commande au l i e u de c e l l e
de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r q u i a lancÃ© l a commande .
Donc l ' a c c Ã ¨ s au f i c h i e r s e f a i t par l e b i a i s de l a commande e t non pas
directement .
Quand un u t i l i s a t e u r s e c o n n e c t e s u r un systÃ¨me GNU/ Linux , i l d Ã © t i e n t 2
UID ( U s e r I D e n t i t y ) e t 2 GID ( GroupIDentity ) : l e r Ã © e l e t l ' e f f e c t i f .
* Au moment de l ' e x Ã © c u t i o n d ' une commande l e s UID
e t GID s o n t l e s
r Ã © e l s , l e s e f f e c t i f s s o n t a t t r i b u Ã © s Ã l a commande .
* Quand l e s d r o i t s d ' endossement ne s o n t pas p o s i t i o n n Ã © s , a l o r s l e s
UID e t GID e f f e c t i f s s o n t i d e n t i q u e s aux UID e t GID r Ã © e l s .
* S i l e s d r o i t s d ' endossement s o n t p o s i t i o n n Ã © s a l o r s l ' UID e t / ou GID
e f f e c t i f s s o n t ceux de l a commande . Ce q u i veut d i r e que l e s UID e t
GID e f f e c t i f s s o n t ceux q u i c o n t r Ã ´ l e n t l e s d r o i t s d ' a c c Ã ¨ s Ã une
commande
E. Branlard
72
Pour connaÃ®tre l e s f i c h i e r s avec l e s d r o i t s d ' endossement de v o t r e
systÃ¨me t a p e z dans un t e r m i n a l l a commande s u i v a n t e :
# find
/
−perm −2000 −o −perm −4000 − e x e c l s − l {} \ ; 2>/ dev / n u l l
Un bon exemple c ' e s t l a commande c r o n t a b . C e t t e commande crÃ©e un f i c h i e r
dans / var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s pour l ' u t i l i s a t e u r q u i a exÃ©cutÃ© l a
commande c r o n t a b . L ' a c c Ã ¨ s au r Ã © p e r t o i r e / var / s p o o l / c r o n t / c r o n t a b s e s t
i n t e r d i t aux u t i l i s a t e u r s s a u f r o o t .
$ cd / var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s /
bash :
cd :
/ var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s / :
P e r m i s s i o n non accordÃ©e
Quand l ' u t i l i s a t e u r l a n c e l a commande c r o n t a b −e ( pour Ã © d i t e r son f i c h i e r
/ var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s /nom_u s e r ) , l a commande s ' exÃ©cute avec l ' UID
e t GID r Ã © e l de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r mais avec l ' UID e t GID e f f e c t i f de r o o t .
$ l s −l /usr/bin/crontab
−rwxr −s r −x 1 r o o t c r o n t a b 26872 2004 − 07 − 28 2 2 : 4 4
/usr/bin/crontab
On v o i t que l a commande c r o n t a b e s t l a p r o p r i Ã © t Ã © de r o o t
p a r t i e du groupe c r o n t a b avec l e d r o i t SGID .
Et comme r o o t a l e d r o i t de c r Ã © e r dans
f i c h i e r s e r a crÃ©Ã© .
et
qu ' e l l e f a i t
/ var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s
# l s − l / var / s p o o l / cron / c r o n t a b s / l a m i 2 0 j
−rw−−−−−−− 1 l a m i 2 0 j c r o n t a b 225 2006 − 07 − 22 1 6 : 0 0
/lami20j
le
/ var / s p o o l / c r o n / c r o n t a b s
On v o i t que l ' u t i l i s a t e u r l a m i 2 0 j e s t l e p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e du f i c h i e r e t qu ' i l
a l e s d r o i t s de l e c t u r e e t d ' Ã © c r i t u r e . Cependant i l ne peut pas l e
f a i r e directement .
9.3 Begin:waiting for resume on startup, resume process
The resume s c r i p t check
if
t h e swap p a r t i t i o n e x i s t s .
1 . f i r s t make t h e swap p a r t i t i o n work a g a i n by
sudo mkswap / dev / sda6
( where sda6 s h o u l d be t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g p a r t i t i o n on your system . Check
g p a r t e d t o e n s u r e t h i s . This w i l l DESTROY a l l your data i f you u s e i t
on a data p a r t i t i o n , l i k e your /home one )
( i f not working ( o c c u p i e d ) , you need t o f r e e i t
s w a p o f f / dev / sda6
)
2 . then compute t h e UUID o f t h e new swap p a r t i t i o n
sudo b l k i d / dev / sda6
3 . change t h e UUID code i n both t h e s e f i l e s
/etc/fstab
( o n l y change t h e one c o n c e r n i n g / dev / sda6 ! )
. d / resume
/ e t c / i n i t r a m f s −t o o l s / c o n f
4 . r e b u i l d t h e i n i t r a m f s with
E. Branlard
73
update − i n i t r a m f s −u
5. reboot
You can a l s o change back t h e swap UUID with t h i s command ( thanks L o w e l l )
mkswap −U UUID / dev / swapdev
where UUID i s t h e ID shown i n both mentioned / e t c f i l e s ( t h e ID s h o u l d be
t h e same i n both them , o t h e r w i s e f o l l o w t h e 1−3 s t e p s ! )
9.4 Forcer le montage en ecriture d'une partition ntfs apres un mauvais demontage de windows
demonter l e d i s q u e
p u i s l e monter avec l ' o p t i o n f o r c e :
sudo mount − t n t f s −3g / dev / sdb1 / media / S t o r a g e D i s k −o f o r c e
9.5 Disque externe en lecture seule
c a t / e t c / mtab
/ dev / s d c 1
/ media / S t o r a g e f u s e b l k rw , nosuid , nodev , noatime , a l l o w_o t h e r ,
b l k s i z e =4096 0 0
sudo v o l_i d −u / dev / sdxx
UUID : 0C3C5FC03C5FA40C
d e f a u l t s Correspond a rw , s u i d , dev , exec , auto , n o u s e r e t async
# g i d =100 a s s i g n e r a l ' ensemble d e s f i c h i e r s au groupe dont l e g i d ( pour
group id , i d e n t i f i a n t de groupe ) e s t 1 0 0 . Sous Ubuntu , l e g i d 100
c o r r e s p o n d au groupe u s e r s , a u q u e l t o u s l e s u t i l i s a t e u r s f o n t
normalement p a r t i e . Vous pouvez r e t r o u v e r une l i s t e de t o u s l e s g r o u p e s
e x i s t a n t s s u r v o t r e machine avec l e u r g i d dans l e f i c h i e r / e t c / group .
S i vous o m e t t e z c e t t e o p t i o n , t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s s e r o n t a s s i g n Ã © s au
groupe 0 , s o i t r o o t ( l e compte systÃ¨me ) .
# u i d =1000 a s s i g n e r a l ' ensemble d e s f i c h i e r s de l a p a r t i t i o n Ã l '
u t i l i s a t e u r dont l ' UID ( pour User ID , i d e n t i f i a n t d ' u t i l i s a t e u r ) e s t
1 0 0 0 . Sous Ubuntu , l ' UID 1000 c o r r e s p o n d au premier u t i l i s a t e u r , c r Ã © Ã ©
l o r s de l ' i n s t a l l a t i o n de Ubuntu . S i vous o m e t t e z c e t t e o p t i o n , t o u s
l e s f i c h i e r s s e r o n t a s s i g n Ã © s Ã l ' u t i l i s a t e u r r o o t ( l e compte systÃ¨me
).
# L ' o p t i o n umask=002 donnera l e s d r o i t s d ' accÃ¨s , s u r l ' ensemble d e s
r Ã © p e r t o i r e s e t f i c h i e r s , en l e c t u r e e t en Ã © c r i t u r e Ã tous , de mÃªme
qu ' en e x Ã © c u t i o n au p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e du f i c h i e r .
9.6 Utilisateurs et groupes
U t i l i s a t e u r s : ( / e t c / passwd
/ e t c / shadow )
u s e r a d d −m
−m pour c r e a t i o n automatique du d o s s i e r dans home
passwd −d USER ( v i d e l e passwd , l ' u t i l i s a t e u r l e change en tappant passwd
)
usermod
addgroup u s e r group
E. Branlard
74
userdel
id
groups
Groupes :
groupadd
groupmod
groupdel
( / e t c / group
−> g i d
et
membre du groupe )
Droits f i c h i e r s dossiers :
chmod 770 f o l d
chown −R u s e r : group f o l d
chown : g i d f o l d
chown u i d f o l d
chmod u=rwX , g=rwXs , o=−−− f o l d −> l e s e s t important , t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s
c r e e r dans l e d o s s i e r e t s o u s d o s s i e r a p p a r t i e n n e n t au g r o p e
9.7 Droits partage dossier chiers
Les b a s e s de d r o i t UNIX
Les d r o i t s s o u s unix dans l e u r v e r s i o n POSIX s o n t r e l a t i v e m e n t s i m p l e s . Un
u t i l i s a t e u r e s t d Ã © f i n i par un i d e n t i f i a n t e t un groupe . Le nom de c e
groupe e s t gÃ©nÃ©ralement l e mÃªme que l e nom de l ' i d e n t i f i a n t . A i n s i
l o r s q u e l ' on crÃ©e un n o u v e l u t i l i s a t e u r par l a commande a d d u s e r gaston
, e s t automatiquement f a b r i q u Ã © l ' i d e n t i f i a n t g a s t o n ET son groupe
g a s t o n . L ' idÃ©e sous − j a c e n t e de c e groupe un peu s p Ã © c i a l , e s t que s e u l
l ' u t i l i s a t e u r y a p p a r t i e n t et p e r s o n n e d ' a u t r e .
La commande addgroup permet quant Ã e l l e d ' a j o u t e r de nouveaux g r o u p e s
q u i ne s o n t Ã l ' o r i g i n e l i Ã © s Ã aucun u t i l i s a t e u r . AprÃ¨s i l e s t
p o s s i b l e d ' a j o u t e r a r b i t r a i r e m e n t un u t i l i s a t e u r Ã un de c e s groupe
avec l a commande usermod . Un u t i l i s a t e u r e s t donc l e s e u l Ã a p p a r t e n i r
au groupe q u i p o r t e l e nom de son i d e n t i f i a n t , mais peut a p p a r t e n i r Ã p l e i n d ' autres groupes .
Chaque r e s s o u r c e ( f i c h i e r ou un d o s s i e r ) e s t d Ã © c r i t par un groupe , un
i d e n t i f i a n t e t t r o i s n i v e a u x de d r o i t s . Chacun de c e s t r o i s n i v e a u x
c o r r e s p o n d Ã une d e s c o n d i t i o n s s u i v a n t e s a p p l i q u Ã © e Ã l ' u t i l i s a t e u r
q u i t e n t e d ' accÃ©der Ã l a r e s s o u r c e :
1 . u ou u s e r − Son i d e n t i f i a n t e s t c e l u i de l a r e s s o u r c e .
2 . g ou group − I l a p p a r t i e n t au groupe de l a r e s s o u r c e .
3 . o ou o t h e r − I l n ' e s t n i du bon groupe , n i du bon i d e n t i f i a n t .
A chacun de s e s n i v e a u x c o r r e s p o n d une s Ã © r i e d ' a u t o r i s a t i o n : d r o i t de
l e c t u r e ( r ) , d r o i t d ' Ã © c r i t u r e (w) e t d r o i t d ' e x Ã © c u t i o n ( x ) . Sachant
qu ' e x Ã © c u t e r un d o s s i e r c o n s i s t e s o u s Unix Ã p o u v o i r r e n t r e r dedans . . .
A i n s i l o r s q u ' un u t i l i s a t e u r accÃ¨de Ã une r e s s o u r c e , UNIX c h e r c h e l a
p r e m i Ã ¨ r e c o n d i t i o n v Ã © r i f i Ã © e , r e g a r d e l e s d r o i t s q u i c o r r e s p o n d e n t et
l e s a p p l i q u e . La commande pour c h a n g e r l e s d r o i t s s u r une r e s s o u r c e
e s t chmod . Par exemple chmod gu+rw , o−rw , donne un a c c Ã ¨ s l e c t u r e ( r ) e t
Ã © c r i t u r e (w) pour l a c o n d i t i o n ( 1 ) e t ( 2 ) , e t aucun d r o i t pour l a
condition (3) .
E. Branlard
75
Lorsqu ' un u t i l i s a t e u r f a b r i q u e un f i c h i e r , c e d e r n i e r l u i a p p a r t i e n t , c '
e s t Ã d i r e que l e groupe e t l ' i d e n t i f i a n t du f i c h i e r s o n t ceux de l '
u t i l i s a t e u r ( d ' oÃ¹ l ' i n t Ã © r Ã ª t du groupe pr ivÃ© ) . Les d r o i t s du f i c h i e r
s o n t gÃ©nÃ©ralement de type rw pour groupe e t p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e , e t r
s e u l e m e n t pour l e s a u t r e s . Ces d r o i t s par dÃ©faut peuvent cependant
Ã ª t r e changÃ©s par l a commande umask q u i permet d ' e n l e v e r d e s d r o i t s
aux f i c h i e r s crÃ©Ã©s . Par exemple umask go−w f e r a que t o u s l e s
p r o c h a i n s f i c h i e r s n ' a u r o n t p l u s l e d r o i t d ' Ã © c r i t u r e que s u r o ( l e
p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e ) . L ' umask par dÃ©faut e s t donc o−w .
Pour une i n f o r m a t i o n p l u s poussÃ©e s u r l e s d r o i t s unix , j e vous c o n s e i l l e
de l i r e l ' e x c e l l e n t a r t i c l e s u r w i k i p e d i a .
PremiÃ¨re approche du p a r t a g e
Par " p a r t a g e " , i l f a u t e n t e n d r e i c i " systÃ¨me de f i c h i e r " . I l n ' e s t
absolument pas q u e s t i o n de NFS, CIFS ou a u t r e a p p a r e i l l a g e du mÃªme
a c a b i t s . L ' idÃ©e de dÃ©part du b e s o i n e s t l a s u i v a n t e :
* Sur une machine j ' a i d e s u t i l i s a t e u r s , d i s o n s gaston , j o s e t t e
et
robert
* J ' a i d e s d o s s i e r s q u i s o n t chacun p a r t a g Ã © s par un ensemble
d i f f Ã © r e n t d ' u t i l i s a t e u r s . Le d o s s i e r / p h o t o s e s t partagÃ© par
j o s e t t e e t gaston , mais / vidÃ©os l ' e s t par g a s t o n e t r o b e r t .
* Je veux que l o r s q u ' un u t i l i s a t e u r crÃ©e une r e s s o u r c e ( d o s s i e r ou
f i c h i e r ) dans un d o s s i e r ( ou sous − d o s s i e r ) , l e s a u t r e s u t i l i s a t e u r s
ayant a c c Ã ¨ s Ã c e d o s s i e r p u i s s e m o d i f i e r c e t t e r e s s o u r c e .
Simple n ' e s t −c e pas ? On s e d i t dans une p r e m i Ã ¨ r e approche qu ' i l
suffit :
1 . De c r Ã © e r a u t a n t de g r o u p e s que de d o s s i e r .
2 . De c h a n g e r l e s d r o i t s de chaque d o s s i e r ( de maniÃ¨re r Ã © c u r s i v e ) de
s o r t e Ã l e s donner au groupe en Ã © c r i t u r e .
3 . D' a j o u t e r dans c e groupe chaque u t i l i s a t e u r ayant a c c Ã ¨ s au d o s s i e r .
Ce q u i nous donne :
# crÃ©ation des u t i l i s a t e u r s
adduser gaston
adduser j o s e t t e
adduser r o b e r t
# c r Ã © a t i o n d e s deux g r o u p s
addgroup a c c e s −p h o t o s
addgroup a c c e s − v i d e o s
# changement d e s d r o i t s s u r l e s d o s s i e r s : l e c t u r e / Ã © c r i t u r e /
t r a v e r s Ã © e pour groupe e t u t i l i s a t e u r , r i e n pour l e s Autres .
chown o−rwx , gu+rwX / vidÃ©os / p h o t o s −Rc
Le mode d ' a c c Ã ¨ s de ` / vidÃ©os / nos_v a c a n c e s . avi ' a Ã©tÃ© mo d if i Ã© Ã 0660 ( rw−rw−−−−) .
# changement du group d ' a p p a r t e n a n c e
chown : a c c e s − v i d e o s / vidÃ©os −Rc
chown : a c c e s −p h o t o s / p h o t o s −Rc
# a j o u t d e s u t i l i s a t e u r s aux d i f f Ã © r e n t s g r o u p s
usermod −a −G a c c e s −v i d e o s , a c c e s −p h o t o s g a s t o n
usermod −a −G a c c e s − v i d e o s j o s e t t e
E. Branlard
76
usermod −a −G a c c e s −p h o t o s r o b e r t
r o o t#
A p a r t i r de lÃ t o u t va b i e n ou presque , c a r l e s e n n u i s commencent l o r s q u '
un u t i l i s a t e u r commence Ã c r Ã © e r un f i c h i e r dans un p a r t a g e . Comme
nous l ' avons vu p l u s haut , c e nouveau f i c h i e r h Ã © r i t e r a de l '
i d e n t i f i a n t e t du group de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r q u i l ' aura crÃ©e . La
consÃ©quence , Ã c a u s e de l ' umask par dÃ©faut , e s t l ' i m p o s s i b i l i t Ã © d '
Ã ª t r e m o d i f i Ã © e par q u i que c e s o i t , vu que t o u t l e monde e s t o t h e r
dans c e c a s de f i g u r e .
D r o i t SGID e t SUID
Les d r o i t s SUID e t SGID s ' a p p l i q u e n t gÃ©nÃ©ralement aux e x Ã © c u t a b l e s en
donnant Ã l ' u t i l i s a t e u r q u i l e s l a n c e n t l e s mÃªmes d r o i t que l '
u t i l i s a t e u r (SGID) ou l e groupe (SGID) a u q u e l l ' e x Ã © c u t a b l e a p p a r t i e n t .
A i n s i s u r une commande a p p a r t e n a n t Ã r o o t , un chmod u+s p e r m e t t r a i t
Ã n ' i m p o r t e q u i de l a l a n c e r AVEC l e s d r o i t s r o o t . . .
Dans l e c a s q u i nous i n t Ã © r e s s e , SGID a une p r o p r i Ã © t Ã © un peu moins
connue . En e f f e t l o r s q u e c e t t e f o i s c ' e s t un d o s s i e r q u i d i s p o s e du
d r o i t SGID , t o u s l e s d o s s i e r s e t t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s q u i s e r o n t crÃ©Ã©
immÃ©diatement en d e s s o u s a u r o n t l e mÃªme groupe que l u i . Plus
i n t Ã © r e s s a n t e n c o r e , t o u t d o s s i e r crÃ©Ã© aura en p l u s l e SGID de
positionnÃ© .
A i n s i n o t r e problÃ¨me s e r Ã ¨ g l e t r Ã ¨ s simplement en p o s i t i o n n a n t au
dÃ©part l e SGID s u r t o u s l e s d o s s i e r s ( e t s e u l e m e n t l e s d o s s i e r s
r o o t#f i n d
r o o t#f i n d
r o o t#
/vidÃ©os
/photos
!!
) :
− t y p e d − e x e c chmod g+s {} \ ;
− t y p e d − e x e c chmod g+s {} \ ;
E n s u i t e , SGID Ã©tant p o s i t i o n n Ã © , t o u s l e s p r o c h a i n s f i c h i e r s crÃ©Ã©s i c i
a u r o n t l e bon groupe e t t o u s l e s nouveaux d o s s i e r l e SGID .
Conclusion
L ' avantage de c e t t e approche e s t que l a m a j o r i t Ã © d e s a p p l i c a t i o n s q u i
vont accÃ©der au systÃ¨me de f i c h i e r vont r e s p e c t e r c e s d r o i t s .
Maintenant c e n ' e s t pas l ' a b s o l u e panacÃ©e c a r l e f i c h i e r ou l e d o s s i e r
continue d ' a p p a r t e n i r Ã l ' u t i l i s a t e u r q u i l ' a crÃ©Ã© , e t r i e n ne l '
empÃªche d ' a l l e r m o d i f i e r l e s d r o i t s , y c o m p r i s l e SGID . I l y a a u s s i
c e r t a i n e s a p p l i c a t i o n s comme t a r q u i vont m o d i f i e r c e s d r o i t s e t l ' on
r i s q u e a l o r s Ã nouveau l ' i n c o h Ã © r e n c e . Mais c e t t e mÃ©thode r Ã ¨ g l e une
grande p a r t i e d e s problÃ¨mes e t une p e t i t e tÃ¢che CRON peut v e n i r f i n i r
le travail .
9.8 org.freedesktop.hal.storage
sudo nano / e t c / P o l i c y K i t / P o l i c y K i t . c o n f
<?xml v e r s i o n=" 1 . 0 " e n c o d i n g="UTF−8"?> < !−− −*− XML −*− −−>
< !DOCTYPE p k c o n f i g PUBLIC "−// f r e e d e s k t o p //DTD P o l i c y K i t C o n f i g u r a t i o n 1 . 0
//EN"
" h t t p : // h a l . f r e e d e s k t o p . o r g / r e l e a s e s / P o l i c y K i t / 1 . 0 / c o n f i g . dtd ">
< !−− See t h e manual page P o l i c y K i t . c o n f ( 5 )
E. Branlard
for
f i l e format −−>
77
<c o n f i g v e r s i o n=" 0 . 1 ">
<d e f i n e_admin_auth group=" u s e r s " />
<match a c t i o n=" o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . h a l . power−management . shutdown ">
<return r e s u l t=" y e s " />
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . h a l . power−management . r e b o o t ">
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . h a l . power−management . suspend ">
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . h a l . power−management .
h i b e r n a t e ">
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . h a l . s t o r a g e . * ">
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" hal − s t o r a g e −mount− f i x e d −e x t r a − o p t i o n s "> < !−− f o r
i n t e r n a l d e v i c e s mounted with e x t r a o p t i o n s l i k e a wished mount
p o i n t −−>
</ match>
<match a c t i o n=" hal − s t o r a g e −mount−removable −e x t r a − o p t i o n s "> < !−−
f o r e x t e r n a l d e v i c e s mounted with e x t r a o p t i o n s l i k e a wished
mount p o i n t $
</ match>
</ c o n f i g >
E. Branlard
78
Chapter
10
Grub, dual-boot, MBR
10.1 Congure Grub 2 - create grub.d congs
%%
%
Bad way : e d i t C o n f i g f i l e :
. cfg
/ boot / grub / grub
%%
%
Clean way : make grb . d s c r i p t s
h t t p : // b l o g s . k o o l w a l . n e t / 2008 / 12 / 28 / windows−x p v i s t a −dual −boot −does −not −
boot −from −grub2 −or −grub −pc /
%a s r o o t o f c o u r s e . .
nano / e t c / grub . d / 11_Windows ( t h i s w i l l e s s e n t i a l l y c r e a t e a new f i l e )
#! / b i n / sh −e
echo " Adding Windows" >&2
c a t << EOF
menuentry "Windows XP" {
s e t r o o t =(hd0 , 1 )
c h a i n l o a d e r +1
}
EOF
chmod a+x / e t c / grub . d / 11_Windows
nano / e t c / grub . d / 05_d e b i a n_theme
COLOR_NORMAL=" g r e e n / b l a c k "
COLOR_HIGHLIGHT=" w h i t e / b l a c k "
update −grub2
10.2 Instal grub in MBR
%%
%%
%%
%%
%
# b o o t e r s u r System r e s c u e CD
# mounter FS
mount / dev / sda3 /mnt/tmp
# I n s t a l l e r g r u b 1 ( / dev / sda SANS NUMERO)
grub − i n s t a l l −− r o o t − d i r e c t o r y=/mnt/tmp / dev / sda
#−− r o o t − d i r ca e v i t e de monter / proc e t / dev e t de c h r o o t e r
# C e t t e methode r e i n s t a l l g r u b 1 .
# I l f a u d r a donc f a i r e un update −g r u b une f o i s que t o u t marche
79
CHAPTER 10. GRUB, DUAL-BOOT, MBR
%%
%%
%%
%%
%
i n s t a l l e r grub dans l e MBR ( Master Boot Record ) .
I l f a u t t o u t d ' abord s a v o i r q u e l l e e s t l a p a r t i t i o n q u i c o n t i e n t v o t r e
f i c h i e r / boot / grub / s t a g e 1 , e t c . Ce p o i n t e s t t r Ã ¨ s i m p o r t a n t . La
commande
d f / boot / grub / s t a g e 1
d e v r a i t vous r e n s e i g n e r avec p r Ã © c i s i o n .
I l faudra , s e l o n c e t exemple , que l e r Ã © p e r t o i r e / boot / grub c o n t i e n n e t o u s
l e s f i c h i e r s n Ã © c e s s a i r e s Ã grub : s t a g e 1 , xxx_s t a g e 1_5 ( xxx Ã©tant
l e s f i l e s y s t e m s dont vous avez b e s o i n ) , menu . l s t ( q u i e s t un l i e n v e r s
grub . c o n f ) , s t a g e 2 .
Supposons que c e s o i t l a p a r t i t i o n / dev / hda5 . On l a n c e r a a l o r s l e s
commandes :
/ s b i n / grub
r o o t ( hd0 , 4 )
s e t u p ( hd0 )
quit
%%
%##
1 . Marquer l a p a r t i t i o n oÃ¹ s e t r o u v e / boot comme a c t i v e ( drapeau boot
avec l ' u t i l i t a i r e c f d i s k par exemple ) e t Â« dÃ©marquer Â» l a
p a r t i t i o n Windows .
2 . I n s t a l l e r un MBR gÃ©nÃ©rique avec l a commande i n s t a l l −mbr du paquet
mbr .
3 . DÃ©marrer s u r un Live −CD (comme Knoppix ou K a e l l a ) , monter l a
p a r t i t i o n c o n t e n a n t / boot , s e Â« c h r o o t e r Â» dedans , e t l a n c e r un
grub − i n s t a l l .
4 . DÃ©marrer s u r un Live −CD e t r Ã © i n s t a l l e r GRUB dans l e MBR de c e t t e
maniÃ¨re :
# grub
grub> r o o t ( hd0 , 4 )
grub> s e t u p ( hd0 )
grub> q u i t
%%
%
Complements − Chroot e t c
Complements ( e l e m e n t s d i s p a r a t e s a o r g a n i s e r ) : a p a r t i r d ' un l i v e
−monter l e bon hdaX
mount / dev / hdax /mnt/ temp
−l e c h r o o t e r :
c h r o o t /mnt/ temp
c h r o o t /mnt/ temp / b i n / sh − i
c h r o o t /mnt/ temp / b i n / bash
−monter e l e m e n t s q u i peuvent e t r e u t i l e s a l ' i n s t a l l a t i o n
mount −o bind / dev / /mnt/ temp / dev
mount −o bind / p r o c /mnt/ temp / p r o c
cp / p r o c / mounts /mnt/ temp / e t c / mtap
cd
sudo grub
>f i n d / boot / grub / s t a g e 1
>r o o t ( hdx , y )
>s e t u p hd0
>q u i t
grub − i n s t a l l
/ dev / hdax
exit
umount
E. Branlard
/mnt
80
CHAPTER 10. GRUB, DUAL-BOOT, MBR
sudo − s
su −
10.3 Installer un dual boot avec Vista, sans utiliser le MBR
I n s t a l l e r Vista
I n s t a l l e r ubuntu , mais ne pas i n s t a l l e r grub s u r l e MBR, l ' i n s t a l l e r dans
/ boot / grub de l a p a r t i t i o n l i n u x .
I n s t a l l e r Easy BCD s o u s v i s t a
A j o u t e r un c h o i x v e r s une p a r t i t i o n l i n u x .
E. Branlard
81
Chapter
11
WIFI
11.1 Congurer ma carte wi bcm4312, broadcom
#commandes u t i l e s
iwconfig
ifconfig
i f c o n f i g wlan0 up
l s p c i | g r e p − i network
lsmod # v o i r l e s modules c h a r g e s
lshw −C network
% wicd
wicd s h o u l d be c o n f i g u r e d with t h e r i g h t i n t e r f a c e name
d o e s f i n d i t and a c t i v a t e i t o t h e r w i s e .
for
the w i f i ! ! ! i t
#Pour k e r n e l 2 . 6 . 3 2 ( what I ' ve done w i t h 2.6.32 − 4 and 5)
(− i n s t a l l firmware −b43 . . . maybe u s e l e s s ? )
− i n s t a l l source from broadcom−b43
− go t o / u s r / s r c / modules / broadcom− s t a / i 3 8 0
Puis a p a r t i r d e s s o u r c e s de broadcom :
make
( c r e e wl . ko )
make i n s t a l l ( l e met dans / l i b / modules / 2.6.32 −XXX/ k e r n e l / d r i v e r s / n e t /
w i r e l e s s /)
depmod
( pour que wl s o i t reconnu )
− E n s u i t e ! ! ! L ' i m p o r t a n t e s t l a s e q u e n c e dans l a q u e l l e l e s modules s e
chargent :
t o u t d e l o a d e r : rmmod b43 b44 wl s s b
Puis dans l ' o r d r e :
modprobe wl
modprobe s s b
modprobe b44
Un depmod −a
modules
ne d o i t pas f a i r e de mal pour g e n e r e r l e s dependances e n t r e
S ' i l f a u t a p p l i q u e r d e s b l a k l i s t s , c e l a s i g n i f i e qu ' i l f a u t surement
r e f a i r e un i n i r a m f s
update − i n i t r a m f s −u
En e f f e t , b44 peut e t r e chargÃ© dans l ' i n i t r a m f s . Ca s e v e r i f i e en tappant
:
82
CHAPTER 11. WIFI
g u n z i p −c
/ boot / i n i t r d
. img−$ ( uname − r ) | c p i o −− l i s t | g r e p b44
#pour k e r n e l s u p e r i e u r a 2 . 6 . 3 0
h t t p : // w i k i . d e b i a n . o r g / wl#S q u e e z e
h t t p : // forums . d e b i a n . n e t / v i e w t o p i c . php? f =16&t =30648&s i d =20
b a 5 c c e a 3 f 4 a 0 9 8 2 9 4 2 1 b 0 8 a 6 9 4 b 0 6 9&s t a r t =120
h t t p : //www. a r c h l i n u x . i t / w i k i / i n d e x . php? t i t l e =Broadcom_BCM4312
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l broadcom−s t a − s o u r c e s
p u i s a l l e r dans l e r e p e r t o i r e / u s r / s h a r e / doc / broadcom−s t a −source /
e t l i r e l e readme
/ e t c / modprobe . d / broadcom−s t a −common . c o n f
# o r i g i n a l c o n t e n t s was t h e l i n e i m m e d i a t e l y b e l o w
# i n s t a l l wl / s b i n / modprobe − q r b43 s s b ; / s b i n / modprobe −− i g n o r e − i n s t a l l
wl $CMDLINE_OPTS
i n s t a l l wl / s b i n / modprobe − qr b44 s s b ; / s b i n / modprobe −− i g n o r e − i n s t a l l wl
$CMDLINE_OPTS
My b e s t g u e s s , was t h a t t h e r e a s o n my w i f i i s n ' t working t h a t i t ' s r e l a t e d
t o t h e module s s b . I can not keep t h e module from b e i n g l o a d e d and I
can not remove t h e module . A f t e r r e a d i n g some about b l a c k l i s t i n g h t t p : /
/ w i k i . d e b i a n . o r g / K e r n e l M o d u l e B l a c k l i s t i n g I saw t h a t I was not e n t e r i n g
' b l a c k l i s t ssb ' i n t h e c o r r e c t f i l e and I f o l l o w e d t h e i n s t r u c t i o n t h e
t h e URL. I had p r e v i o u s l y n o t i c e d t h a t t h e r e was some dependency o f
b44 on s s b and I couldn ' t remove s s b u n t i l b44 was out o f t h e way . I
d e c i d e d t o ( I don ' t r e a l l y know why ) l o o k a t / e t c / modprobe . d / broadcom−
s t a −common . c o n f and n o t i c e d t h e removal o f b43 module i n s t e a d o f b44
module . So when I changed ' b43 ' t o ' b44 ' I then had w i f i . As noted i n a
p r e v i o u s post , b44 i s my w i r e d e t h e r n e t .
The o n l y t h i n g t h a t might be a concern , i s t h a t my w i r e l e s s d e v i c e i s
named e t h 1 i n s t e a d o f wlan0 . Not t h a t i t r e a l l y m a t t e r s but i n k e e p i n g
c o n v e n t i o n , my w i r e l e s s s h o u l d be wlanX not ethX .
ou
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l broadcom−s t a −modules − 2.6.30 − 1 − 686
puis
b l a c k l i s t e r ( / e t c / modprobe . d / b l a c k l i s t . d ) b43 b44 s s b
les virer
rmmod b43 ; rmmod b44 ; rmmod s s b ;
Enfin , a j o u t e r wl e t peut − e t r e l i b 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p dans
/ e t c / modules
Sinon , p a t c e r s o i meme l e s f i c h i e r s wl_l i n u x . c e t wl_l i n u x . h l o r s de l a
c o m p i l a t i o n du d r i v e r wl . ko ( v o i r p l u s bas )
a f i n de ne pas u t i l i s e r i e e e 8 0 2 1 1 mais l i b 8 0 2 1 1
#Pour k e r n e l < 2 . 6 . 3 0
De l a b a l l e ! ! ! ! ! ! ! :
U t i l i s e r l e s d r i v e r s broadcom :
h t t p : //www. broadcom . com/ s u p p o r t / 8 0 2 . 1 1 / l i n u x_s t a . php
U t i l i s e r l e patch s i b e s o i n ( k e r n e l > 2 . 6 . 2 8 )
Le module i e e e 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p a change de nom , maintenant c ' e s t l i b 8 0 2 1 1_
c r y p t_t k i p
donc , f a i r e :
modprobe l i b 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p
puis
insmod wl . ko
E. Branlard
83
CHAPTER 11. WIFI
Article explicatif :
h t t p : // jomcode . com/ f a d h i l / ?p=59
J ' a i sauve l e f i c h i e r t a r dans mon C o n f i g
t a r − x v z f hybrid − p o r t s r c −x86_32_5_10_27_6 . t a r . gz
make −C
/ l i b / modules /
` uname −r ` / b u i l d M=`pwd `
Of c o u r s e , you need t o make s u r e you have a l l t h e r e q u i r e d k e r n e l h e a d e r s
before building i t .
Once that ' s done , your d i r e c t o r y l i s t i n g s h o u l d l o o k l i k e t h i s :
b u i l t −i n . o
hybrid − p o r t s r c −x86_32_5_10_27_6 . t a r . gz
lib
Makefile
modules . o r d e r
Module . symvers
src
wl . ko
wl . mod . c
wl . mod . o
wl . o
The magic f i l e we need i s wl . ko . Make s u r e you don ' t have b43 , b 4 3 l e g a c y
o r b43xx l o a d e d by r u n n i n g t h i s :
rmmod bcm43xx ; rmmod b43 ; rmmod b 4 3 l e g a c y
And
for
good measure remove n d i s w r a p p e r modules :
rmmod n d i s w r a p p e r
Now l o a d t h e module i e e e 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p :
modprobe i e e e 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p
And f i n a l l y l o a d t h e wl . ko module :
insmod wl . ko
Now
i f you do an i f c o n f i g , you s h o u l d s e e wlan0 r i g h t a f t e r your e t h 0 and
lo devices . Y
i p p e e −kay−yay ! Test i t out by s c a n n i n g and c o n n e c t i n g t o a network .
I f i t works , then you might want your module t o l o a d upon boot , which i s
something t h e Broadcom readme doesn ' t touch on .
Let me s c h o o l you how .
Copy t h e wl . ko f i l e t o
cp
wl . ko
/ l i b / modules / 2.6.26 − 1 − 686 / k e r n e l / n e t / w i r e l e s s /
/ l i b / modules / 2.6.26 − 1 − 686 / k e r n e l / n e t / w i r e l e s s /
C r e a t e t h e module d e p e n d e n c i e s :
depmod −a
Try l o a d i n g your new module ! :
modprobe wl
E. Branlard
84
CHAPTER 11. WIFI
I f you g e t no e r r o r on modprobe , then i t worked p e r f e c t l y ! Next you have
t o t e l l your system t o l o a d t h e module a t s t a r t u p .
On my d e b i a n system , I do t h i s by e d i t i n g t h e f i l e / e t c / modules t o i n c l u d e
the f o l l o w i n g :
i e e e 8 0 2 1 1_c r y p t_t k i p
wl
Now, r e b o o t and you ' ve g o t o f f i c i a l Broadcom w i f i g o o d n e s s !
11.2 Cracker wi WEP
%
% La s u i t e a i r c r a c k −ng comprend p l u s i e u r s programmes dont l e s 3 p r i n c i p a u x
sont
% * airodump −ng , l e l o g i c i e l de c a p t u r e de paquets , c ' e s t l u i q u i s c a n l e s
rÃ©seaux e t c o n s e r v e l e s p a q u e t s q u i s e r v i r o n t Ã d Ã © c r y p t e r l a c l e f .
% * a i r e p l a y −ng , un l o g i c i e l dont l a p r i n c i p a l e f o n c t i o n e s t l ' e n v o i s de
p a q u e t s dans l e but de s t i m u l e r l e r e s e a u e t c a p t u r e r p l u s de p a q u e t s .
% * a i r c r a c k −ng , l e l o g i c i e l de c r a c k de c l e f , c ' e s t un l o g i c i e l q u i Ã p a r t i r d e s i n f o r m a t i o n s c a p t u r Ã © e s Ã l ' a i d e d ' airodump va nous donner
l a c l e f ( s i b i e n s u r on en a un nombre s u f f i s a n t ) .
%
%
%
%
%
% h t t p : //www. cdc . i n f o r m a t i k . tu −darmstadt . de / a i r c r a c k −ptw /
%
% A i r c r a c k −ptw
% Our t o o l i s q u i t e s i m i l a r t o a i r c r a c k −ng .
% T u t o t r i a l a i r c r a c k −ng : h t t p : //www. a i r c r a c k −ng . o r g / doku . php? i d=s i m p l e_
wep_c r a c k
% For ptw :
%
* In Step 3 , you MUST NOT u s e t h e parameter − i v s . J u s t s k i p t h i s
parameter , t h e o t h e r command l i n e arguments s t i l l apply .
%
* In Step 5 , you s h o u l d u s e a i r c r a c k −ptw i n s t e a d o f a i r c r a c k −ng . l s
− l a output * . cap w i l l g i v e you a l i s t o f c a p t u r e f i l e s airodump −ng has
c r e a t e d . U s u a l l y , i f you d i d not i n t e r r u p t airodump −ng , t h e r e s h o u l d be
o n l y one f i l e named output − 01. cap . J u s t s t a r t a i r c r a c k −ptw output − 01.
cap t o g e t t h e key . I f a i r c r a c k −ptw was not s u c c e s s f u l l , wait a few
s e c o n d s and s t a r t i t a g a i n .
%
%
% A i r c r a c k −ng :
% sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l b u i l d − e s s e n t i a l
% sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i b s s l −dev l i b s q l i t e 3 −dev
% ? sqlite
%
% apt −g e t i n s t a l l l i b p c a p 0 .8 − dev .
%
%
E. Branlard
85
CHAPTER 11. WIFI
11.3 Monitor mode for wi usb key : TL-WN321G chipset Ralink
rt73
h t t p : // a i r c r a c k −ng . o r g / doku . php? i d=r t 7 3
wget h t t p : // homepages . tu −darmstadt . de /~p_l a r b i g / wlan / r t 7 3 −k2wrlz − 3 . 0 . 3 . t a r
. bz2
t a r − x j f r t 7 3 −k2wrlz − 3 . 0 . 3 . t a r . bz2
cd r t 7 3 −k2wrlz − 3 . 0 . 3 / Module
make
then
, as root ,
type
make i n s t a l l
modprobe r t 7 3
Conseil perso :
r e c h e r c h e r dans / l i b / modules / 2 . 6 . 3 0 / l e s f i c h i e r s r t 7 3 *
D e p l a c e r l e s modules r t 2 x 0 0 ( r t 7 3 u s b , r t 2 5 0 0 e t c ) dans un d o s s i e r ( / r o o t / r t
−o l d par exemple )
R e c r e e r l e s dependances module :
depmod −ae
et r e d e m a r r e r
A c t i v e r l e mode monitor a l a main :
i w c o n f i g r a u s b 0 mode monitor
Ou avec airmon −ng
i f c o n f i g r a u s b 0 up
airmon −ng s t a r t r a u s b 0
La commande i w p r i v donne a c c e s ou " f o n c t i o n s " de l ' i n t e r f a c e
iwpriv raus0
E. Branlard
86
Chapter
12
SERVERS - PHP SQL APACHE SAMBA FTP
SSH
12.1 VirtualBox
%%
%
SSH from g u e s t t o h o s t
i n s t a l l openssh − s e r v e r on h o s t
Add a host −o n l y network i n V i r t u a l B o x G e n e r a l p r e f e r e n c e s
In t h e v i r t u a l machine o p t i o n , add on top o f t h e nat i n t e r f a c e , a n o t h e r
i n t e r f a c e , host −o n l y
In t h e g u e s t machine c o n f i g u r e t h e s e c o n d i n t e r f a c e e t h 1 t h e same way than
e t h 0 i n / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s :
auto e t h 1
i f a c e e t h 1 i n e t dhcp
By d e f a u l t s t h e h o s t i p w i l l be 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 5 6 . 1 and t h e g u e s t i p
192.168.56.101
You can add s h o r t c t u s t o t h e s e IP i n / e t c / h o s t s
%%
%
File sharing
D e v i c e s −> I n s t a l l g u e s t s a d d i t i o n s
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l dkms l i n u x −h e a d e r s b u i l d − e s s e n t i a l s
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg x s e r v e r −xorg − c o r e
mount / dev / s r 0 / media / cdrom
. / VBoxLinux
12.2 SQL editor: sqlitebrowser
12.3 Free shell servers
USER@shellmix . com −p 22
USER@elitter . n e t
−> a l l o w s
c l o s i n g of the s h e l l !
command
87
t o be runed even a f t e r
logout
and
CHAPTER 12. SERVERS - PHP SQL APACHE SAMBA FTP SSH
12.4 Debian Serveur
LAMP : Linux Apache Mysql Php
m a i l (SMTP avec P o s t f i x e t POP/IMAP avec Cyrus )
temp (NTP)
dns ( bind9 )
l e DHCP ( dhcpd )
p a r t a g e de f i c h i e r s (NFS ou Samba )
i m p r e s s i o n (CUPS)
%%
%
SSH de b a s e − open s s h h s e r v e r ( e t non c l i e n t )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l openssh − s e r v e r
%%
%
Pour p l u s de s e c u r i t Ã © e t u t i l i s a t i o n p l u s commode u t i l i s e r d e s c l e f s (
DSA)
# On c r e e l e c o u p l e de c l e f p u b l i q u e / p r i v e e s u r l a machine c l i e n t e
$ ssh −keygen − t dsa
c r e e l e f i c h i e r /home/ c l i e n t u s e r / . s s h / i d_dsa . pub
# i l f a u t e n s u i t e donner l a c l e f p u b l i q u e au s e r v e u r pour q u e l l e f i g u r e
dans l a l i s t e d e s c l e f a u t h o r i s e e de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r s e r v e u r
− s o i t en u t i l i s a n t ssh −copy − i d − i ~/ . s s h / i d_dsa . pub s e r v e r u s e r @ I P
− s o i t en a c t i v a n t temporairement l a c o n n e c t i o n par mot de p a s s e (PAM e t
Password ) , e t en f a i s a n t un s c p ou un echo >> dans l e f i c h i e r /home/
s e r v e r u s e r / . s s h / a u t h o r i z e d_k e y s de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r s e r v e r . Une f o i s l e
t r a n s f e r t e f f e c t u Ã © , on d e s a c t i v e l a c o n n e c t i o n par mot de p a s s e
− s o i t en l a donnant par c l e f USB a l ' a d m i n i s t r a t e u r du s e r v e u r !
# On redemarre l e s e r v e u r s s h pour p r e n d r e en compte l a c l e f p u b l i q u e du
c l i e n t , e t p o s s i b l e m o d i f i c a t i o n du f i c h i e r s s h d_c o n f i g
%%
%
Exemple d ' o p t i o n s pour l e f i c h i e r s s h d_c o n f i g and p u b l i c key
## Low s e c u r i t y
#Port 12120
#PermitRootLogin no
#RSAAuthentication y e s
#P u b k e y A u t h e n t i c a t i o n no
#A u t h o r i z e d K e y s F i l e
%h / . s s h / a u t h o r i z e d_k e y s
#UsePAM y e s
## Higher s e c u r i t y
Port 12120
PermitRootLogin no
RSAAuthentication y e s
PubkeyAuthentication yes
A u t h o r i z e d K e y s F i l e %h / . s s h / a u t h o r i z e d_k e y s
P a s s w o r d A u t h e n t i c a t i o n no
UsePAM no
A ll o w Us e rs manu
DenyUsers t e s t g u e s t admin r o o t s n o r t apache nobody
MaxStartups 1
%%
%
Pour e n c o r e p l u s de s e c u r i t Ã © avec d e s program q u i b a n i s s e n t
aptitude i n s t a l l t i g e r fail2ban
%%
%
Notes
− i l e s t p r e f e r a b l e que l e f i c h i e r a u t h o r i z e d_k e y s a i t l e s d r o i t s 600
− i l f a u t que dans s s h d_c o n f i g , l e home s o i t r e f e r r Ã © comme ~h / . s s h /
a u t h o r i z e d_k e y s
E. Branlard
88
− u t i l i s e r s s h −v donne l e s d e t a i l s de debug
# s o u s windows , c l i e n t de b a s e : p u t t y
SSH c ' e s t du TCP p o r t 22
# l e s bons t u t o s
h t t p : // t e c h n i q u e . a r s c e n i c . o r g / connexion − d i s t a n t e −au−s e r v e u r −s s h / a r t i c l e /
s e c u r i s a t i o n −ssh −p o u s s e e
h t t p : // doc . ubuntu− f r . o r g / s s h
h t t p : // w i k i . debian − f a c i l e . o r g / c o n f i g : s s h
h t t p : //www. c o a g u l . o r g / s p i p . php? a r t i c l e 1 6 8
# scan d e s p o r t s o u v e r t s
h t t p : //www. f r a m e i p . com/ s c a n / s c a n . php
%%
%
Connexion Ã un s e r v e u r SSH v i a un a u t r e s e r v e u r SSH
S i vous avez deux s e r v e u r s SSH mais q u i i l e s t n Ã © c e s s a i r e de s e c o n n e c t e r
au p r e m i e r pour p o u v o i r accÃ©der au deuxiÃ¨me , c e t t e commande permet de
r Ã © a l i s e r l e s deux c o n n e x i o n s :
s s h r o o t @ s e r v e u r 1 −t s s h r o o t @ s e r v e u r 2
%%
%
Tunnel cryptÃ© en SSH
I l s e peut que vous v o u l i e z Ã © t a b l i r une c o n n e x i o n d i s t a n t e pour t r a n s i t e r
d e s donnÃ©es de maniÃ¨re 100% t r a n s p a r e n t e e t s Ã © c u r i s Ã © e , nous a l l o n s
donc Ã © t a b l i r un t u n n e l s s h .
# s s h −L 5 9 0 1 : l o c a l h o s t : 5 9 0 0 user@80 . 8 0 . 8 0 . 8 0
C e t t e t e c h n i q u e e s t t r Ã ¨ s u t i l e pour r e l i e r en l o c a l un bon nombre d '
u t i l i s a t i o n , comme s u r kde d i s t a n t , un s e r v e u r smtp p e r s o n n e l , une
b o i t e m a i l ( pop ou imap ) p e r s o n n e l l e , un bon nombre d ' u t i l i s a t i o n s
ont r e c o u r s Ã c e t t e t e c h n i q u e .
D Ã © t a i l s u r l a l i g n e de commande SSH
ssh : invoque l e p r o t o c o l e
−L i n v o q u e de l a c r Ã © a t i o n d ' un t u n n e l cryptÃ©
5901 : p o r t cotÃ© l o c a l
l o c a l h o s t : i n d i q u e que l ' a c c Ã ¨ s s e f e r a en l o c a l de maniÃ¨re
transparente
5900 : p o r t du s e r v i c e d i s t a n t
user@80 . 8 0 . 8 0 . 8 0 : i n d i q u e avec q u e l l e u s e r e t s u r q u e l l e i p on va
Ã©tablir la connection
12.5 Video surveillance - Zone minder
h t t p : //www. csquad . o r g / cocoon / t a g s / p u b l i c / zoneminder / zoneminder . html#N1004A
h t t p : // forum . debian − f r . o r g / v i e w t o p i c . php? f =1&t =17162&view=next
12.6 CUPS
Debugging commands :
p i n g l o c a l h o s t −> i f doesn ' t work , add l o o p b a c k l o i n
, i f u p lo , i f c o n f i g l o or r e s t a r t
n e t s t a t − n l | g r e p 631
i p t a b l e s −nvL
n e t s t a t −tunva
E. Branlard
network i n t e r f a c e s
89
n e t s t a t − t a p l n | g r e p cups
vim / var / l o g / cups / e r r o r_l o g
c a t / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
cat / e t c / h o s t s
cat / e t c / h o s t s
. allow
12.7 Telnet
Pour f a i r e du t e l n e t a p r i o r i i l f a u t l a n c e r l e daemon openbsd − i n e t d ( j e l
' a i d e s a c t i v e au demarrage )
Http avec t e l n e t
t e l n e t www. g o o g l e . f r 80
12.8 Creer une base de donnees sql pour amarok
i n s t a l l e r mysql − s e r v e r
l a n c e r MySQL avant de f a i r e c e s m a n i p u l a t i o n s :
sudo / e t c / i n i t . d / mysql s t a r t
pour a c c e d e r a mysql : t a p p e r
mysql −u r o o t −p
#c r e e r un b a s e de donnes pour amarok
h t t p : // mikesubuntu . b l o g s p o t . com/ 2007 / 09 /how−to −s e t −up−mysql −database −in −
amarok . html
$ mysql −p −u r o o t
>CREATE DATABASE amarok ;
>USE mysql ;
>GRANT ALL ON amarok . * TO a m a r o k @ l o c a l h o s t IDENTIFIED BY ' amarok ' ;
>FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;
>q u i t
In Amarok u s e t h e f o l l o w i n g s e t t i n g s :
Hostname : 1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 1
Database : amarok
Port : 3306
Username : amarok
Password : Your Password
12.9 PHP mysql et apache sous ubuntu
h t t p : // g i m i n i k . d e v e l o p p e z . com/ a r t i c l e s / apache / d e b i a n /
# Les p a q u e s t n e c e s s a i r e s
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l apache2 php5 mysql − s e r v e r php5−mysql l i b a p a c h e 2 −mod−
php5
#Le mot de p a s s e a d m i n i s t r a t e u r mySQL vous e s t demandÃ© : Entrez −en un .
### Apache
sudo / e t c / i n i t . d / apache2 r e l o a d
E. Branlard
90
#Un a j u s t e m e n t de l a p o l i t i q u e d e s d r o i t s permet de mieux u t i l i s e r ce
rÃ©pertoire
sudo groupadd www−data
sudo addgroup manu www−data
sudo chown −R www−data :www−data / var /www
sudo chmod −R u=rwX , g=rwXs , o=−−− / var /www
# p e r m e t t r a Ã apache de l i r e l e r Ã © p e r t o i r e pour p r o d u i r e l e s p a g e s
# p e r m e t t r a Ã t o u s l e s u t i l i s a t e u r s membres du groupe www−d a t a de
t r a v a i l l e r s u r l e s f i c h i e r s ( en g Ã © n Ã © r a l , i l f a u t c r Ã © e r ce groupe "
www−d a t a " e t s e m e t t r e comme membre )
# p e r m e t t r a Ã t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s e t r Ã © p e r t o i r e s c r Ã © Ã © s dans ce
r Ã © p e r t o i r e d ' a v o i r l e s mÃªmes p r o p r i Ã © t Ã © s au t r a v e r s du groupe (GIG
a c t i v Ã © par g=s )
# f a i r e un l i e n v e r s son d o s s i e r s i t e :
l n − s /home/manu/ S i t e s / var /www/ s i t e s
Have a l o o k a t t h e f i l e / e t c / apache2 / e n v v a r s
export APACHE_RUN_USER=manu
export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www−data
### Test / I n s t a l l PhP
# C r e a t i o n d ' un f i c h i e r t e s t
echo "<? p h p i n f o ( ) ; ?>" > / var /www/ t e s t . php
Une f o i s l ' i n s t a l l a t i o n terminÃ© , o u v r e z h t t p : // l o c a l h o s t dans v o t r e
navigateur
La r a c i n e de v o t r e s i t e web e s t s i t u Ã © e dans / var /www
e t o u v r e z h t t p : // l o c a l h o s t / t e s t . php dans v o t r e n a v i g a t e u r .
l y n x h t t p : // l o c a l h o s t / t e s t . php
# S i ca ne marche pas e d i t e r / e t c / apache2 / apache2 . c o n f :
AddType a p p l i c a t i o n / x−httpd −php . php
LoadModule php5_module / u s r / l i b / apache2 / modules / l i b p h p 5 . s o
##################################################
### SQL
##################################################
S i vous avez une e r r e u r comme c e l l e −lÃ :
ERROR 2002 ( HY000 ) : Can ' t c o n n e c t t o l o c a l MySQL s e r v e r through s o c k e t
' / var / run / mysqld / mysqld . sock ' ( 2 )
i l s u f f i t de l a n c e r MySQL avant de f a i r e c e s m a n i p u l a t i o n s :
sudo / e t c / i n i t . d / mysql s t a r t
pour a c c e d e r a mysql : t a p p e r
mysql −u r o o t −p
Pour c h a n g e r l e password r o o t :
update mysql . u s e r s e t Password=PASSWORD( " t e s t " ) where User=" r o o t " ;
#To c r e a t e a new mysql u s e r ' g u e s t ' w i t h ' a l l p r i v i l e g e s ' on t h e d a t a b a s e
' demo ' :
mysql > c r e a t e d a t a b a s e demo
mysql >GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON demo . * TO ' g u e s t ' @' l o c a l h o s t ' IDENTIFIED BY
' g u e s t ' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> UPDATE u s e r SET Password=PASSWORD( ' g u e s t ' ) WHERE u s e r =' g u e s t ' ;
That ' s i t ! MySQL i s ready ! Don ' t f o r g e t t o remember t h e r o o t password a s
we might be u s i n g i t with phpmyadmin .
E. Branlard
91
####################################################
### Php My Admin
####################################################
The phpmyadmin c o n f i g u r a t i o n f i l e i s l o c a t e d a t : / e t c / phpmyadmin f o l d e r .
U s u a l l y i t i s a u t o m a t i c a l l y s e t u p with a sim− l i n k i n / e t c / apache2 / c o n f . d /
phpmyadmin . c o n f
Check i t , i f not p r e s e n t , e i t h e r l i n k i t t o / e t c / phpmyadmin / apache . c o n f o r
add t h e f o l l o w i n g l i n e i n / e t c / apache2 / apache2 . c o n f :
I n c l u d e / e t c / phpmyadmin / apache . c o n f
r e s t a r t apache
Goto h t t p : // l o c a l h o s t / phpmyadmin
I f you have "You don ' t have p e r m i s s i o n t o a c c e s s / phpmyadmin / on t h i s
server . "
then e d i t t h e f i l e / e t c / phpmyadmin / apache . c o n f and a l l o w a c c e s s t o t h e
folder :
<D i r e c t o r y / u s r / s h a r e / phpmyadmin>
Options FollowSymLinks
D i r e c t o r y I n d e x i n d e x . php
Order deny , a l l o w
Allow from 1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 1
# To be a b l e t o import s q l f i l e s i n phpmyadmin
e d i t php . i n i :
; h t t p : // php . n e t / post −max− s i z e
p o s t_max_s i z e = 20M
; Maximum a l l o w e d s i z e f o r uploaded f i l e s .
; h t t p : // php . n e t / upload −max− f i l e s i z e
upload_max_ f i l e s i z e = 200M
# Other i n f o
h t t p : // mikesubuntu . b l o g s p o t . com/ 2007 / 09 /how−to −s e t −up−mysql −database −in −
amarok . html
h t t p : //www. c y b e r c i t i . b i z / f a q / mysql −command−to −show− l i s t −of −d a t a b a s e s −on−
server/
h t t p : //www. h o w t o f o r g e . com/ quick −n−easy −lamp− s e r v e r −c e n t o s − r h e l
# Commands s q l
show d a t a b a s e s ;
12.10 Apache - example of htaccess le
The module RewriteEngine i s r e a l l y nice , but not a l l o w e d on a l l s e r v e r s .
One can u s e a workaround with t h e module M u l t i v i e w s , and something l i k e a
f i l e t a g . php c o n t a i n i n g :
<?php
$ u r l = $_SERVER[ 'PATH_INFO ' ] ;
$ g e t = e x p l o d e ( "/" , $ u r l ) ;
?>
s o t h a t / t a g . php / a / b / c / d o r
s c r i p t i n t a g . php .
E. Branlard
/ t a g / a /b/ c /d
w i l l be d e a l t t h e same by t h e
92
Options I n d e x e s M u l t i v i e w s
I n d e x O p t i o n s FancyIndexing F o l d e r s F i r s t
I n d e x O p t i o n s SuppressHTMLPreamble
IndexOptions SuppressDescription
IndexOptions IconsAreLinks
IndexOptions SuppressLastModified
#HTMLTABLE
#XHTML S u p p r e s s R u l e s S u p p r e s s L a s t M o d i f i e d S u p p r e s s S i z e
I n d e x O p t i o n s NameWidth=70
HeaderName /_i n c l u d e s / i n d e x h e a d e r . php
ReadmeName /_i n c l u d e s / i n d e x f o o t e r . php
I n d e x I g n o r e . h t a c c e s s _i n c l u d e s _CONTENT. php
AddIcon / images / mimetypes / f o l d e r . png ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIconByType (SND, / images / mimetypes / audio −x− g e n e r i c . png ) a u d i o /*
AddIconByType (IMG, / images / mimetypes / image −png . png ) image /*
AddIconByType (TXT, / images / mimetypes / t e x t −x− g e n e r i c . png ) t e x t /*
AddIconByType (VID , / images / mimetypes / vid eo −x− g e n e r i c . png ) v i d e o /*
AddIconByType (XOF, / images / mimetypes / x− o f f i c e −document . png ) x− o f f i c e /*
AddIcon ( ZIP , / images / mimetypes / package −x− g e n e r i c −packed . png ) . t a r . gz . 7 z
. z i p . bz2
AddIcon (DOC, / images / mimetypes / x− o f f i c e −document . png ) . r t f . doc . docx . z i p
. bz2
AddIcon (PPT, / images / mimetypes / x− o f f i c e − p r e s e n t a t i o n . png ) . ppt . odp
AddIcon (XLS , / images / mimetypes / x− o f f i c e − s p r e a d s h e e t . png ) . x l s . x l s x . ods
AddIcon (HML, / images / mimetypes / t e x t −html . png ) . html . php . c s s . htm
AddIcon (PDF, / images / mimetypes / a p p l i c a t i o n −pdf . png ) . pdf . ps . d v i
AddIcon (TEX, / images / mimetypes / t e x t −x−t e x . png ) . t e x . b i b
D e f a u l t I c o n / images / mimetypes / t e x t −x− g e n e r i c −t e m p l a t e . png
AddIcon / images / mimetypes / go−up . png . .
#Options +F o l l o w S y m l i n k s
#RewriteEngine on
#R e w r i t e R u l e ^ a r t i c l e s / ( [ ^ / ]+) / ( [ ^ / ]+) . z i p h i . php ? s e c t i o n=$ 1& f i l e =$ 2 [NC]
12.11 Apache - probleme de liens symbolic
c e s i t e −e n a b l e d marche
avec un l i e n s y m b o l i c de / var /www/ s i t e s / dans /home/manu/ S i t e s
e s d r o i s du r e p e r t o i r e s o n t e c r i t u r e pour u t i l i s a t e u r e t groupe
www−data
F a i r e b i e n a t t e n t i o n a l ' o r d r e Deny , Allow q u i e s t par d e f a u l t ,
de d r o i t d ' a c c e s
et
et
,manu :
donc pas
<V i r t u a l H o s t * :80 >
ServerAdmin w e b m a s t e r @ l o c a l h o s t
DocumentRoot
/ var /www
# D i s a b l e a c c e s s t o t h e e n t i r e f i l e system e x c e p t f o r t h e
directories that
# are e x p l i c i t l y a l l o w e d l a t e r .
E. Branlard
93
<D i r e c t o r y />
A l l o w O v e r r i d e None
Order Deny , Allow
Deny from a l l
</ D i r e c t o r y >
<D i r e c t o r y / var /www >
Order a l l o w , deny
a l l o w from a l l
AllowOverride All
Options I n d e x e s FollowSymLinks
</ V i r t u a l H o s t >
~
12.12 Aide server apache - les bases
Bien r e g a r d e r l e contenu de t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s / e t c / apache2 :
Le l o c a h o s t par d e f a u l t e s t dans s i t e s − a v a i l a b l e s \
Les s i t e s −e n a b l e d s o n t d e s l i e n s v e r s l e s s i t e s − a v a i l a b l e
ports . conf : l e s port sur l e s q u e l s l e serveur ecoute
c o n f . d / : c o n f i g de php , s e c u r i t e s
httpd . c o n f : l e f i c h i e r de c o n f pour l ' u t i l i s a t e u r . A mon a v i s : c ' e s t pas
p l u s mal d ' en m e t t r e un dans son home , e t d ' i n c l u r e c e f i c h i e r a l a
f i n de apache2 . c o n f
A t t e n t i o n a l ' o p t i o n : " A l l o w O v e r r i d e None" , l e s . h t a c c e s s n ' ont aucun
e f f e t a c a u s e de c e l a
Ce s i t e a l e m e r i t e d ' e t r e s i m p l e ( sauve dans c o n f i g ) :
h t t p : // b l a i r e a u l i n u x . f r e e . f r / apache . php
h t t p : //www. nemako . n e t / dc2 / ? p o s t / 2006 / 01 / 13 /77− p e r s o n n a l i s e r −apache −avec −
htaccess
12.13 Aide server apache - l'autoindex et le probleme de php
Hierarchie :
#l e s i t e en q u e s t i o n
h t a c c e s s #d e f i n i t l e s changement de r e g l e s pour l '
option Indexes − autoindex
/ var /www/ s i t e s / s i t e 1 /_i n c l u d e s / . h t a c c e s s
#! ! ! t r e s i m p o r t a n t : a u t o r i s e
l e php
/ var /www/ s i t e s / s i t e 1 /_i n c l u d e s / h e a d e r . php
# l e nouveau h e a d e r
/ var /www/_i n c l u d e s / −> s i t e s / s i t e s 1 /_i n c l u d e s / h e a d e r . php
#un l i e n
s y m b o l i q u e a p a r t i r de l a r a c i n e du s i t e
/ var /www/ s i t e s / s i t e 1 /
/ var /www/ s i t e s / s i t e 1 / .
Mon httpd . c o n f :
#pour a c t i v e r l e . h t a c c e s s dans ce d o s s i e r , e t a i n s i changer l ' o p t i o n
indexes
<D i r e c t o r y " / var /www/ s i t e s / s i t e 1 / ">
AllowOverride All
E. Branlard
94
#pour a u t o r i s e r un h e a d e r / f o o t e r en php , en l e c o n s i d e r a n t comme du t e x t e
<D i r e c t o r y " / var /www/_i n c l u d e s / ">
AllowOverride All
#. h t a c c e s s a l a r a c i n e de s i t e 1 : on change l a methode d ' i n d e x a t i o n
Options I n d e x e s
I n d e x O p t i o n s FancyIndexing F o l d e r s F i r s t
I n d e x O p t i o n s SuppressHTMLPreamble
IndexOptions SuppressDescription
I n d e x O p t i o n s NameWidth=50
HeaderName /_i n c l u d e s / h e a d e r . php
ReadmeName /_i n c l u d e s / f o o t e r . php
IndexIgnore . htaccess
#. h t a c c e s s dans l e d o s s i e r /_i n c l u d e s / : c o n s i d e r e l e php comme du t e x t e ,
uniquement dans ce d o s s i e r !
# on supprime l e l i s t a g e dans ce d o s s i e r par s e c u r i t e
AddType t e x t / html . php
AddHandler a p p l i c a t i o n / x−httpd −php . php
Options − I n d e x e s
12.14 Aide server apache - protection par mot de passe
protÃ©ger des pages
et
rÃ©pertoires
Dans c e c h a p i t r e , nous a l l o n s v o i r l e s d i f f Ã © r e n t e s Ã©tapes pour p r o t Ã © g e r
l e s p a g e s c o n t e n u e s dans / var /www/ t e s t / e t s e s sous − r Ã © p e r t o i r e s .
1 . c r Ã © e r un f i c h i e r mot de p a s s e s ( v i d e pour l ' i n s t a n t ) , par exemple
/www/ . htpasswd
2 . Ã © d i t e r l e f i c h i e r de l a forme :
f r e d : gWK3udIcGH832
bob : BgG6vsQflVS66
/ var
Ce f i c h i e r d o i t c o n t e n i r l e s mots de p a s s e s o u s forme cr yp tÃ© e uniquement .
Pour l e crÃ©er , i l f a u t d ' abord m e t t r e n ' i m p o r t e q u o i Ã l a p l a c e du
mot de p a s s e .
Exemple :
fred : blabla
bob : bob
Puis , pour l e s c r y p t e r , on va t a p e r " htpasswd −b
mot−de−p a s s e en c l a i r " . Maintenant , l e mot de
. I l f a u t f a i r e p a r e i l avec t o u s l e s comptes .
mot de p a s s e a p p a r a i s s e en c l a i r s u r l a l i g n e
t a p e r " htpasswd / var /www/ . htpasswd bob" e t i l
mot de p a s s e .
/ var /www/ .
htpasswd bob
p a s s e de bob s e r a cryptÃ©
S i on ne veut pas que l e
de commande , i l f a u t
va demander de t a p e r l e
3 . Ã © d i t e r l e f i c h i e r / var /www/ t e s t / . h t a c c e s s e t c o p i e r dedans :
A u t h U s e r F i l e / var /www/ . htpasswd
# f i c h i e r mot de p a s s e
AuthGroupFile / dev / n u l l
# idem pour l e groupe
E. Branlard
95
AuthName " AccÃ©s rÃ©servÃ© "
# t e x t e q u i a p p a r a i t dans l a b o i t e de
dialogue
AuthType B a s i c
# pour l u i d i r e d ' u t i l i s e r A u t h U s e r F i l e
<L im it GET POST>
R e q u i r e v a l i d −u s e r
# a u t o r i s e t o u s l e s u t i l i s a t e u r s q u i s o n t dans .
h t p a s s w d . On p o u r a i t m e t t r e " R e q u i r e u s e r f r e d " pour n ' a u t o r i s e r que
fred
</ Limit>
12.15 iptables
h t t p : // w i k i . d e b i a n . o r g / i p t a b l e s
#l i s t i n g
i p t a b l e s −− l i s t
#c l e a r i n g them
i p t a b l e s −F
i p t a b l e s −X
i p t a b l e s − t nat −F
i p t a b l e s − t nat −X
i p t a b l e s − t mangle −F
i p t a b l e s − t mangle −X
i p t a b l e s −P INPUT ACCEPT
i p t a b l e s −P OUTPUT ACCEPT
12.16 Server FTP
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l f t p d ( openbsd − i n e t d )
ou
aptitude i n s t a l l proftpd
#
/ e t c / i n i t . d/ p r o f t p d s t a r t
# L i s t e des e x c l u s
/etc/ftpusers
# Security
− i n s t a l l e r f a i l 2 b a n ( ! ! ! ! ) e t l e c o n f i g u r e r dans / e t c / f a i l 2 b a n / j a i l . l o c a l
( ! ! ! read below )
− i n s t a l l e r L y n i s t i g e r c h k r o o t q u i a i d e n t a d e t e c t e r l e s f a i l l e s de
securites
− i n s t a l l e r ufw
#f a i l 2 b a n problem avec i p t a b l e s
i p t a b l e s ne peut pas r e c e v o i r t r o p de commandes a l a s u i t e
m o d i f i e r / e t c / f a i l 2 b a n / a c t i o n s . d/
i p t a b l e s . conf
et
i p t a b l e s −m u l t i p o r t
mettre
sleep 3.0
a p r e s l a p r e m i e r e l i g n e de a c t i o n s t a r t
E. Branlard
et
actionstop
96
s u r i n t e r n e t un mec p r o p o s e q u e l q u e c h o s e d ' a l e a t o i r e :
a c t i o n s t a r t = s l e e p $ {RANDOM: 0 : 1 } . $ {RANDOM: 0 : 1 }
i p t a b l e s −N f a i l 2 b a n −<name>
i p t a b l e s −A f a i l 2 b a n −<name> − j RETURN
i p t a b l e s − I INPUT −p −m m u l t i p o r t −− d p o r t s <port>
− j f a i l 2 b a n −<name>
%%
%Livebox
: Les p a s s i v e s p o r t s c ' e s t t r e s i m p o r t a n t ! ! !
p l a g e s de p o r t f t p :
a c t i v e : 20 − 21 20 − 21
p a s s i v e : 6000 − 6100 6000 − 6100
#
# DynMasqRefresh 28800
#</ IfModule >
#MasqueradeAddress %%%%%%. dyndns . org
#DisplayXXX i l f a u t a v o i r l e s d r o i t s d ' a c c e s aux f i c h i e r s welcome , connect
, q u i t , goaway . . .
#
/etc/ i n i t
. d/ f a i l 2 b a n s t a r t
. d / ufw s t a r t
/ e t c / i n i t . d/ p r o f t p d s t a r t
#
/etc/ i n i t
Run t h e Ufw f i r e w a l l w i z a r d .
I n s t a l l a r a t e l i m i t i n g r u l e t o guard a g a i n s t DOS and b r u t e f o r c e r s :
# General new c o n n e c t i o n r a t e l i m i t i n g f o r DOS and Brute Force p r o t e c t i o n
i p t a b l e s − I INPUT −p TCP −m s t a t e −− s t a t e NEW −m l i m i t \
−− l i m i t 30 / minute −− l i m i t − b u r s t 5 − j ACCEPT
12.17 DynDNS
− C r e e r un compte g r a t u i t s u r dyndns
− c r e e r un h o s t ( avec IP a d d r e s s )
− C o n f i g u r e r l a Livebox h t t p : // 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 1 . 1
C o n f i g u r a t i o n / Avancee / DNS Dynamique
Nom du compte ( l o g i n de DynDNS)
Password l o g i n DynDNS
HostNane : c e l u i c h o i s i t s u r DynDns ( m o n s e r v e u r f t p . dyndns . o r g )
− Configurer l a l i v e b o x 2 : r e d i r e c t i o n des ports
S e r v e u r s LAN, A j o u t e r .
Nom du s e r v e u r : " S e r v e u r web" . (HTTP ou FTP)
P r o t o c o l e : TCP q u i e s t l e p r o t o c o l e gÃ©nÃ©ralement u t i l i s Ã © pour l e s
s e r v e u r s web .
Du p o r t 80 Au p o r t 8 0 .
A d r e s s e IP l o c a l e : c ' e s t l ' a d r e s s e IP de l a machine oÃ¹ e s t i n s t a l l Ã © l e
s e r v e u r . E l l e e s t de l a forme 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 1 .XXX
E. Branlard
97
12.18 Voisimage reseau : pyNeighborhood
#pyNeighborhood e s t un t r e s bon l o g i c i e l pour v o i s i n a g e r e s e a u
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l pyNeighborhood
#Changer l e s commandes de montage / demontage en m e t t a n t sudo d e v a n t
#Au l i e u de umount . c i f s , m e t t r e umount
!
12.19 Samba fusesmb pyNeighborhood
# pour l e s e r v e u r i n s t a l l e r samba
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l samba
#e t d e f i n i r un nom de reseau , comme WORKGROUP
# pour l e c l i e n t i n s t a l l e r s m b c l i e n t
#samba
$ nmblookup VJK
q u e r y i n g VJK on 8 2 . 2 1 1 . 2 0 6 . 2 5 5
8 2 . 2 1 1 . 2 0 6 . 1 4 2 VJK<00>
8 2 . 2 1 1 . 2 0 6 . 9 2 VJK<00>
# <00> e s t l e c a s c o u r a n t <20> e s t pour un s e r v e u r
#c h e r c h e r
nmblookup
#c h e r c h e r
nmblookup
pour l e r e s e a u BRANET OU pour l e s r e s a u x SAMBA
BRANET __SAMBA__
pour l e r e s e a u BRANET ET pour l e s r e s a u x SAMBA
−B BRANET __SAMBA__
# This time we are t e s t i n g t h e a b i l i t y o f programs ( such as nmbd ) t o use
b r o a d c a s t . I t ' s e s s e n t i a l l y a c o n n e c t i v i t y t e s t , done v i a a b r o a d c a s t
t o t h e d e f a u l t b r o a d c a s t a d d r e s s . A number o f NetBIOS /TCP−IP h o s t s on
t h e network s h o u l d respond w i t h " g o t a p o s i t i v e name q u e r y r e s p o n s e "
messages . Samba may not c a t c h a l l o f t h e r e s p o n s e s i n t h e s h o r t time i t
l i s t e n s , so you won ' t a l w a y s s e e a l l t h e SMB c l i e n t s on t h e network .
However , you s h o u l d s e e most o f them :
manu@server $ nmblookup −d 2 ' * '
# l e −N c ' e s t pour e t r e anonyme , j e pense que ca d o i t r e v e n i r au meme que
−U% pour l e s s e r v e u r SAMBA mais pas pour windows
$ s m b c l i e n t −N −L 8 2 . 2 1 1 . 2 0 6 . 1 4 2
Domain=[KINGS−WIN] OS=[Windows 5 . 1 ] S e r v e r =[Windows 2000 LAN Manager ]
Sharename
Type
Comment
−−−−−−−−−
−−−−
−−−−−−−
SharedDocs
Disk
$smbclient
$smbclient
\\\\ k i n g s −win \\ SharedDocs −U u s e r passwd
' \ \ k i n g s −win \ SharedDocs ' −U u s e r passwd
' \ \ k i n g s −win \ SharedDocs ' −N
$smbclient
' \ \ olympe \ P u b l i c ' −N
$smbclient
smb : \> q u i t
#fusesmb
cp / u s r / s h a r e / doc / fusesmb / examples / fusesmb . c o n f . ex
chmod 600 ~/ . smb/ fusesmb . c o n f
E. Branlard
~/ . smb/ fusesmb
. conf
98
12.20 Communiquer avec les reseaux microsoft
#I n s t a l l a t i o n de Samba , p o l i c e s M i c r o s o f t e t c a b e x t r a c t
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l samba m s t t c o r e f o n t s c a b e x t r a c t
#j o u t de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r au groupe sambashare d o i v e n t e t r e a u t o m a t i q u e
sudo a d d u s e r $USER sambashare
12.21 Activation du voisinage rÃ©seau Windows dans Thunar
#I n s t a l l a t i o n de fusesmb :
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l fusesmb
#V Ã © r i f i e r l a p r Ã © s e n c e du module f u s e dans / e t c / modules :
sudo vim / e t c / modules
#modprobe fusemb
#RedÃ©marrer l e s e r v e u r X : C t r l + A l t + b a c s Space
#menu XFCE / SystÃ¨me / Users
: c o c h e r pour l e s u t i l i s a t e u r s d e v a n t
utiliser
12.22 fusemb
sudo modprobe f u s e
#I l f a u t e n s u i t e p e n s e r Ã r a j o u t e r l e groupe f u s e Ã v o t r e u t i l i s a t e u r .
sudo gpasswd −a $USER f u s e
#
cd ~
mkdir −p Network
fusesmb Network
A p a r t i r de maintenant , vous pouvez v o i r l e v o i s i n a g e rÃ©seau de l a forme
Â« DOMAINES/MACHINES/PARTAGES Â» . Pour dÃ©monter l e p o i n t de montage :
fusermount −u Network
E. Branlard
99
Chapter
13
Multimedia
13.1 Lire wmv windows media video ?
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l w32codecs
13.2 Video capture
% guvcview ( bug with a u d i o c o m p r e s i o n though )
% ffmpeg
ffmpeg − f v i d e o 4 l i n u x 2 − i / dev / v i d e o 0 − p i x_fmt yuv420p − s vga − r 8 − f a l s a
−ac 1 − a r 16000 − i hw : 1 , 0 − vcodec mpeg4 −b 400 k − a c o d e c libmp3lame −ab
80 k v i d e o . a v i
13.3 Timidity is not yet congured.
When r u n n i n g :
i t shows
/etc/ i n i t
. d/ t i m i d i t y s t a r t
T i m i d i t y i s not y e t c o n f i g u r e d .
Enable Alsa S e q u e n c e r f i r s t by e d i t i n g
/etc/default/timidity
sudo nano / e t c / d e f a u l t / t i m i d i t y
and uncomment t h e l i n e f o r ALSASEQ
13.4 Timidity GUI
For debian , t h e one p r e s e n t by d e f a u l t :
t i m i d i t y − i a f i l e . midi
For o t h e r i n t e r f a c e l o o k a t t i m i d i t y −h .
GTK: − i g
100
.
CHAPTER 13. MULTIMEDIA
13.5 Midi
1 . I n s t a l l TiMidity++. I f you a r e a Debian u s e r , t h i s package i s
a v a i l a b l e i n t h e o f f i c i a l r e p o s i t o r i e s . Other b i n a r y v e r s i o n s may be
a v a i l a b l e . You can a l s o c o m p i l e from source . I n s t r u c t i o n s and
download l o c a t i o n a v a i l a b l e a t t h e TiMidity w e b s i t e . Binary p a c k a g e s
for select d i s t r o s :
* Debian package
* Slackware b i n a r i e s
* RPM p a c k a g e s
2 . Get some good sound p a t c h e s . Debian u s e r s can u s e F r e e p a t s . But I
recommend t h e eaw p a t c h e s which a r e o f h i g h e r q u a l i t y . No Debian
p a c k a g e s a r e a v a i l a b l e , but l u c k i l y you can j u s t download i t and
e x t r a c t i t i n any l o c a t i o n . You can download t h e t a r . gz h e r e . J u s t
e x t r a c t i t i n t o your home d i r e c t o r y . Let ' s say /home/ h a r i / eawpats .
3 . R ep la c e t h e d e f a u l t TiMidity++ t i m i d i t y . c f g f i l e ( rename t h e o l d
f i l e t o something l i k e t i m i d i t y . c o n f . o l d ) with t h e one i n t h e /home/
h a r i / eawpats / l i n u x c o n f i g f o l d e r . J u s t e d i t i t t o make s u r e t h e
l o c a t i o n p o i n t s t o t h e d i r e c t o r y where you e x t r a c t e d t h e EAW p a t c h e s
. The c o n f i g f i l e i s l o c a t e d u s u a l l y i n t h e / e t c / t i m i d i t y / f o l d e r i n
Debian . I don ' t know about o t h e r d i s t r o s . Here i s how t h e f i l e
l o o k s l i k e . J u s t change t h e d i r s e t t i n g t o w h i c h e v e r l o c a t i o n you
e x t r a c t e d t h e EAW p a t c h e s t o :
dir
/ home / h a r i / eawpats /
gravis . cfg
gsdrums . c f g
source g s s f x . c f g
source xgmap2 . c f g
#mid −> wav : t i m i d i t y i n p u t . mid −Ow1S − s 44100 −o o u t p u t . wav
source
source
A l l r i g h t , you ' ve now i n s t a l l e d i t . To
f i l e . I f you have one , j u s t run
test
i t , you need t o p l a y a MIDI
t i m i d i t y f i l e n a m e . mid
13.6 FFMPEG et MP3 lame sous debian
h t t p : // b l o g . f c l e m e n t . i n f o / c o n t e n t / ffmpeg −et−mp3−avec −d e b i a n
conversion
ffmpeg − i %f −vn − a r 44100 −ac 2 −ab 128 k −y %n . mp3
ffmpeg − i %f − vcodec mpeg2video − a c o d e c libmp3lame − a r 22050 − s 320 x240 −y
%n . a v i
ffmpeg − i Test_a v i . a v i − vcodec mpeg2video − a c o d e c libmp3lame − a r copy − s
copy −y out . a v i
mencoder en 2 p a s s e s avec
−ovc l a v c − l a v c o p t s vcodec=mpeg4 avec un b i t r a t e =(HxL) / 325 Ã (HxL) / 350
oÃ¹ H e t L s o n t l e s l a r g e u r e t h a u t e u r .
Le b i t r a t e v i d e o par dÃ©faut de mencoder , j e c r o i s e s t de 8 0 0 . J ' u t i l i s a i s
plutÃ´t 900.
E. Branlard
101
Chapter
14
Optimizations ?
14.1 Swappiness
SystÃ¨me avec beaucoup de mÃ©moire v i v e : d i m i n u e r l a v a l e u r pour l i m i t e r
l e s a c c Ã ¨ s d i s q u e s e t l a c h a r g e p r o c e s s e u r , au p r i x d ' une u t i l i s a t i o n
de l a mÃ©moire p l u s i m p o r t a n t e .
La v a l e u r par dÃ©faut e s t 6 0 , s i vous d i s p o s e z de p l u s de 1Go de mÃ©moire
n ' h Ã © s i t e z pas Ã d e s c e n d r e Ã 2 0 , v o i r a u s s i bas que 5 au− d e s s u s de 2
Go . De t o u t e faÃ§on mÃªme s i l a v a l e u r 0 e s t u t i l i s Ã © e e t que du
swapping s o i t n Ã © c e s s a i r e , l e noyau o u t r e p a s s e r a l e r Ã © g l a g e ,
simplement i l ne l e f e r a qu ' en d e r n i e r r e c o u r s e t non systÃ©matiquement
en avance . J ' u t i l i s e l a v a l e u r 10 q u i me donne s a t i s f a c t i o n , l a
mÃ©moire v i v e e s t p l u s u t i l i s Ã © e e t j e n ' a i j a m a i s de swap , l e s
a p p l i c a t i o n s e t l ' environnement de bureau s o n t p l u s r Ã © a c t i f s , en
p a r t i c u l i e r a p r Ã ¨ s une c o u r t e p Ã © r i o d e d ' i n u t i l i s a t i o n .
Pour c h a n g e r c e r Ã © g l a g e Ã © d i t e z l e f i c h i e r / e t c / s y s c t l . c o n f en r o o t e t
a j o u t e z Ã l a f i n du f i c h i e r l e s l i g n e s :
#s w a p p i n e s s p e r s o
vm . s w a p p i n e s s =10
pour c h o i s i r une v a l e u r de 1 0 .
Pour r e n d r e l e changement e f f e c t i f
#
/sbin/ s y s c t l
utilisez :
−p
14.2 Optimisation - Date de modif
Pour c e q u i e s t d e s o p t i o n s p r o p r e s au systÃ¨me d ' e x p l o i t a t i o n , avec un
systÃ¨me j o u r n a l i s Ã © comme e x t 3 ou r e i s e r f s l e systÃ¨me va e n r e g i s t r e r
l ' h e u r e p r Ã © c i s e d ' a c c Ã ¨ s Ã un f i c h i e r l o r s de s a c r Ã © a t i o n ,
m o d i f i c a t i o n ou simplement de son o u v e r t u r e . Ce d e r n i e r p o i n t e s t un
g Ã ¢ c h i s de r e s s o u r c e s s u r un p o s t e de t r a v a i l ( s u r un s e r v e u r i l peut
s e j u s t i f i e r par l a n Ã © c e s s i t e r de p o u v o i r e f f e c t u e r d e s c o n t r Ã ´ l e s s u r
l e s a c c Ã ¨ s Ã un f i c h i e r s donnÃ© , mais l e p r e m i e r p i r a t e venu
m o d i f i a n t c e paramÃ¨tre d ' un s i m p l e " touch " on peut d o u t e r de son
102
CHAPTER 14. OPTIMIZATIONS ?
e f f i c a c i t Ã © . . . ) . Pour s u p p r i m e r c e comportement a j o u t e z l ' o p t i o n
noatime dans v o t r e f i c h i e r / e t c / f s t a b . Un exemple de l i g n e s m o d i f i Ã © e s
:
/ dev / sda1
/
ext3
d e f a u l t s , noatime , e r r o r s=remount−r o 0
1
C e t t e o p t i o n e s t a p p l i c a b l e Ã l a p a r t i t i o n r o o t e t /home , mais Ã©galement
aux a u t r e s p a r t i t i o n s c o n t e n a n t d e s donnÃ©es s i vous avez un
p a r t i t i o n n e m e n t p l u s Ã©laborÃ© ( / u s r ; /tmp ; . . . ) , l ' o p t i o n n ' e s t pas
u t i l e s u r / boot , e t pas u t i l i s a b l e s u r / swap .
Comme a l t e r n a t i v e , l ' o p t i o n r e l a t i m e e s t un bon compromis . C e r t a i n s
programmes comme "mutt" ( c l i e n t de c o u r r i e l en l i g n e de commande )
peuvent Ã ª t r e p e r t u r b Ã © s par " noatime " , c e q u i ne s e r a pas l e c a s de "
relatime " .
14.3 Readahead
Readahead e s t un programme conÃ§u pour a c c Ã © l Ã © r e r l e chargement d ' a u t r e s
programmes , p l u s p a r t i c u l i Ã ¨ r e m e n t pendant l a sÃ©quence de dÃ©marrage .
Ã n o t e r que l e paquet " readahead " semble Ã ª t r e en v o i e d ' abandon dans
Debian e t Ubuntu . Sur Debian i l e s t remplacÃ© par " readahead − f e d o r a " Ã p a r t i r de Squeeze .
Pour que " readahead [ − f e d o r a ] " f o n c t i o n n e v o t r e noyau d o i t Ã ª t r e compilÃ©
avec l e s u p p o r t du systÃ¨me d ' a u d i t . C' e s t l e c a s d e s noyaux par
dÃ©faut Debian . S i vous c o m p i l e z vous mÃªme v o t r e noyau v Ã © r i f i e z avec
:
$
g r e p CONFIG_AUDIT=
/ boot / c o n f i g −$ ( uname
−r )
AprÃ¨s son i n s t a l l a t i o n , i l f a u t l u i p e r m e t t r e de " p r o f i l e r " l a sÃ©quence
de dÃ©marrage .
Sur grub2 :
* S Ã © l e c t i o n n e z l ' e n t r Ã © e c o r r e s p o n d a n t Ã v o t r e systÃ¨me , e t Ã © d i t e z
l a avec l a t o u c h e [ e ] .
* P l a c e z vous s u r l a l i g n e " l i n u x " , e t Ã © d i t e z l a d i r e c t e m e n t .
* A j o u t e z en f i n de l a l i g n e " l i n u x " l ' o p t i o n p r o f i l e .
* P o u r s u i v e z l e dÃ©marrage avec [ c t r l ] [ x ]
C e c i n ' e s t p l u s n Ã © c e s s a i r e avec " readahead − f e d o r a " , d e s tÃ¢ches " c r o n " s e
c h a r g e a n t de l a c o n f i g u r a t i o n s a n s i n t e r v e n t i o n de l ' u t i l i s a t e u r ( c '
e s t beau l e p r o g r Ã ¨ s ; − ) )
Le dÃ©marrage peut Ã ª t r e s e n s i b l e m e n t p l u s l e n t que l a normal , c e s e r a l '
unique f o i s , l ' o p t i o n " p r o f i l e " que vous avez a j o u t e z aura d i s p a r u au
p r o c h a i n dÃ©marrage . Les dÃ©marrages s u i v a n t d e v r a i e n t Ã ª t r e p l u s
r a p i d e s . Vous pouvez j e t e r un o e i l aux f i c h i e r s de c o n f i g u r a t i o n dans /
e t c / readahead / ( / e t c / readahead . c o n f pour " readahead − f e d o r a " ) , i l s
c o n t i e n n e n t l a l i s t e d e s e x Ã © c u t a b l e s e t l i b r a i r i e s Ã prÃ©− c h a r g e r en
c a c h e pour l e dÃ©marrage ( f i c h i e r " boot " ) , e t l e f o n c t i o n n e m e n t normal
( f i c h i e r " desktop " ) .
Readahead ne p r Ã © s e n t e aucun danger pour v o t r e systÃ¨me , i l e s t e n c o r e
p l u s e f f i c a c e u t i l i s Ã © c o n j o i n t e m e n t au o p t i o n s s u i v a n t e s :
%%
%
m a k e f i l e c o n c u r r e n c y and readahead
# a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l readahead − f e d o r a
# echo CONCURRENCY=m a k e f i l e >> / e t c / d e f a u l t / rcS
E. Branlard
103
# aptitude i n s t a l l insserrv
# dpkg − r e c o n f i g u r e i n s s e r v s y s v −r c
Cela c o n s i s t e Ã r Ã © o r g a n i s e r t o t a l e m e n t l a sÃ©quence d ' e x Ã © c u t i o n d e s
s c r i p t s " i n i t " , e t p e r m e t t r e l e u r e x Ã © c u t i o n p a r a l l Ã ¨ l e ( en p a r t i c u l i e r
s u r l e s p r o c e s s e u r s m u l t i c o e u r s ) . S i vous c o n s t a t e z d e s problÃ¨mes d '
i n i t i a l i s a t i o n de c e r t a i n s s c r i p t s " i n i t " avec c e s r Ã © g l a g e s ( peu
p r o b a b l e ) , f a i t e s un r a p p o r t de bug au mainteneur du paquet en q u e s t i o n
. I l l u i s u f f i t de c o r r i g e r l e s en− t Ã ª t e s d e s s c r i p t " i n i t " .
" readahead " peut Ã ª t r e u t i l i s Ã © c o n j o i n t e m e n t Ã " u p s t a r t " prÃ©sentÃ© c i −
d e s s o u s , l i s e z / u s r / s h a r e / doc / readahead − f e d o r a /README pour l e s
Ã © v e n t u e l l e s p r Ã © c a u t i o n s ( en p a r t i c u l i e r d Ã © s i n s t a l l e r " a u d i t d " s i
prÃ©sent ) .
14.4 Optimisation - Preload
P r e l o a d e s t un "daemon a d a p t a t i f pour readahead " , q u i s e l a n c e en t a c h e de
fond s u r v o t r e systÃ¨me , q u i o b s e r v e q u e l programme vous u t i l i s e z l e
p l u s souvent , e t l e s met en c a c h e en vue d ' a c c Ã © l Ã © r e r l e temps de
chargement d e s a p p l i c a t i o n s . En u t i l i s a n t Preload , vous m e t t e r e z v o t r e
mÃ©moire non u t i l i s Ã © au t r a v a i l ( en g r o s e l l e s e r a u t i l i s Ã © u t i l e m e n t )
, e t a m Ã © l i o r e r l e s p e r f o r m a n c e s gÃ©nÃ©ral de v o t r e o r d i n a t e u r de
bureau .
I n s t a l l e r P r e l o a d s u r Ubuntu e s t f a i s a b l e f a c i l e m e n t avec l a commande :
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l p r e l o a d
14.5 Optimisation - DÃ©marrer les applications plus rapidement avec
Prelink
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l p r e l i n k
sudo g e d i t / e t c / d e f a u l t / p r e l i n k
Changer l ' o p t i o n :
PRELINKING=unknown en PRELINKING=y e s
Pour l a n c e r P r e l i n k , t a p e r l a commande s u i v a n t e dans l a c o n s o l e :
sudo / e t c / c r o n . d a i l y / p r e l i n k
C e c i p r e n d r a q u e l q u e s temps Ã f i n i r ( a u t o u r de 10 − 15 minutes ) .
S i vous v o u l e z l a n c e r P r e l i n k Ã chaque f o i s que vos mettez Ã j o u r v o t r e
systÃ¨me , a j o u t e r un s c r i p t dans l e d o s s i e r / e t c / apt / apt . c o n f . d /
( quand i l d i t s c r i p t c ' e s t un f i c h i e r h e i n . . . ) , a p p e l l Ã © l e S 9 9 p r e l i n k , e t
mettez l a l i g n e s u i v a n t e Ã l ' i n t Ã © r i e u r :
DPkg : : Post −Invoke { " echo Running p r e l i n k , p l e a s e w a i t . . . ; / e t c / c r o n . d a i l y /
prelink " ;}
14.6 Optimisation - Suppression services - Init scripts
Debian s q u e e z e g o e s towards c o n c u r r e n c y boot i e i n
CONCURRENCY=m a k e f i l e
See " / u s r / s h a r e / doc / i n s s e r v /README. Debian " .
/ etc / d e f a u l t /rcS
h t t p : // w i k i . d e b i a n . o r g / L S B I n i t S c r i p t s / DependencyBasedBoot
E. Branlard
104
dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e i n s s e r v sysv − r c
####To s e e t h e b o o t and r e b o o t s e q u e n c e dependency graph , use
aptitude i n s t a l l i n s s e r v graphviz
/ u s r / s h a r e / i n s s e r v / check − i n i t d − o r d e r
/ u s r / s h a r e / i n s s e r v / check − i n i t d − o r d e r
d o t t y boot . dot
d o t t y r e b o o t . dot
−g > boot . dot
−g −k > r e b o o t . dot
###
h t t p : //www. debian − a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . o r g / a r t i c l e s / 629
h t t p : //www. debian − a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . o r g / a r t i c l e s / 620
### R u n l e v e l s ( S does not mean s e r v i c e b u t s i n g l e ! )
runlevel
directory
d e s c r i p t i o n o f r u n l e v e l usage
N
none
system bootup (NONE) l e v e l ( no " / e t c / rcN . d / " d i r e c t o r y )
0
/ e t c / r c 0 . d/
h a l t t h e system
S
/ e t c / r c S . d/
s i n g l e − u s e r mode on boot ( a l i a s : " s " )
1
/ e t c / r c 1 . d/
s i n g l e − u s e r mode s w i t c h e d from multi − u s e r mode
2
/ e t c / r c 2 . d/
multi − u s e r mode
3
/ e t c / r c 3 . d/
,,
4
/ e t c / r c 4 . d/
,,
5
/ e t c / r c 5 . d/
,,
6
/ e t c / r c 6 . d/
r e b o o t t h e system
7
/ e t c / r c 7 . d/
v a l i d multi − u s e r mode but not n o r m a l l y used
8
/ e t c / r c 8 . d/
,,
9
/ e t c / r c 9 . d/
,,
### Go back t o d e f a u l t :
# f o r s q u e e z e and l a t e r
i n s s e r v anacron
# prior to 6.0 ( prior to squeeze )
update − r c . d anacron d e f a u l t s
man i n s s e r v
man update − r c . d
man i n i t
##Manually :
/etc/ i n i t . d
/etc/rc0 . d
/ etc /rcS . d
%%
%
Nouveau o u t i l , g r a p h i q u e mais b i e n p l u s complet : BUM
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l bum
%%
%
I n s t a l l a t o o l − sysv −rc −c o n f . I t i s a p e r l based boot p r o c e s s adjustment
tool .
Code :
sudo sysv −rc −c o n f
−P s w i t c h with sysv −rc −c o n f t o remove o l d empty e n t r i e s .
%%
%
List of services
a c p i d ( 2 3 4 5 −> D? )
E. Branlard
???????????
105
a c p i −s u p p o r t
s u p p o r t de l ' a c p i ( g e s t i o n de l ' Ã © n e r g i e )
alsa
s e r v e u r de son
alsa −u t i l s ( S ) : ????????
anacron ( 2 3 4 5 −> D o r kept , l o g r o t a t e u s e f u l f o r i n s t a n c e . . but w e l l )
:
cron anachronic
apmd
u s e f u l l f o r b a t t e r y monitor demon apm ( a n c i e n a c p i ) (
g e s t i o n de l ' Ã © n e r g i e )
apparmor (D)
service , securite )
a p o r t (D)
( i n f o sur l e s crash )
atd (D)
?????
daemon atd ( d i f f Ã © r e n t de c r o n dans l e p r i n c i p e )
aumix ( 2 3 4 5−>D? i f d i f f e r e n t than amixer ) : manager son en mode t e x t e
avahi −daemon (D? ) :
permet de d Ã © c o u v r i r automatiquement l e s r e s s o u r c e s
rÃ©seau e t de s ' y c o n n e c t e r
binfmt −s u p p o r t ( ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ) :
pour wine − u t i l i s e r d ' a u t r e s b i n format
b o o t c l e a n . sh
e f f a c e l e s r Ã © p e r t o i r e s /tmp , / var / run e t / var / l o c k
b o o t l o g d ( S −>D)
un d e s p e r m i e r s s c r i p t s exÃ©cutÃ© , l a n c e l e daemon
bootlogd
b o o t l o g s ( 1 2 3 4 5 −>D)
un d e s p e r m i e r s s c r i p t s exÃ©cutÃ© , l a n c e l e
daemon b o o t l o g d
b o o t m i s c . sh
e f f e c t u e d i v e r s e s tÃ¢ches , g e n r e s a u v e r l e r Ã © s u l t a t de
dmesg dans / var / l o g / dmesg , a f f i c h e r l e motd , e t c )
c h e c k f s . sh
v Ã © r i f i e s i l e s p a r t i t i o n s d Ã © f i n i e s dans / e t c / f s t a b ont
besoins d ' Ãªtre vÃ©rifiÃ©es ( fsck )
c h e c k r o o t . sh
v Ã © r i f i e s i l a r a c i n e e s t ok , monte l e s swap d Ã © f i n i s
dans / e t c / f s t a b , en c a s de problÃ¨me boot en s i n g l e mode
c o n s o l e − s c r e e n . sh ( S )
i n i t i a l i s e l a c o n s o l e ( p o l i c e s notamment , d Ã © f i n i
par c o n s o l e − t o o l s )
cpid
daemon a c p i ( g e s t i o n d ' Ã © n e r g i e )
c p u f r e q u t i l s ( 2 3 4 5 −> D s e e f o l l o w i n g i n f o ) : f o r cpu f r e q management
check t h e output o f c p u f r e q − i n f o and c a t / s y s / d e v i c e s /
system / cpu / cpu0 / c p u f r e q / s c a l i n g_g o v e r n o r
I f "ondemand" , you ' r e good . For l a p t o p : unplug your
power c o r d and check i f i t g i v e s you " powersave " .
cron
(ON)
daemon crond , q u i l a n c e d e s t a c h e s de maniÃ¨re
pÃ©riodique
cups
(D)
gestionnaire d ' impression
c u p s y s (D)
gestionnaire d ' impression
dbus −1 ( 2 3 4 5 ) Important f o r power management , daemon dbus ( h t t p : //
www. f r e e d e s k t o p . o r g / S o f t w a r e / dbus )
dhcdbd (ON) :
I n t e r f a c e D−Bus pour l e c l i e n t DHCP ISC
discover
e s s a y e de d Ã © t e c t e r t o u t ton m a t Ã © r i e l
dns− c l e a n
e f f a c e l e s f i c h i e r s / e t c / r e s o l v . c o n f l a i s s Ã © e par ppp
evms
daemon q u i g Ã ¨ r e l e s t o c k a g e d ' une maniÃ¨re avancÃ©e
exim4
: g e s t i o n de m a i l −> p a q u e t s d e s t i n s t a l l Ã © s
fancontrol :
( p a r t i e du paquet lm− s e n s o r s )
fam
F i l e A l t e r a t i o n Monitor , permet de n o t i f i e r l e s programme
d ' un changement s u r l e s f i c h i e r s ( g e n r e tu ouvre ton home dans
konqueror , dans un c o n s o l e tu e f f a c e un f i c h i e r dans ton home ,
k o n q u e r o r a f f i c h e r a immÃ©diatement l a m o d i f i c a t i o n , s a n s b e s o i n de
r e c h a r g e r l e r Ã © p e r t o i r e ) , a c t u e l l e m e n t remplacÃ© par gamin
fetchmail
m a i l ? rÃ©cupÃ©rer d e s m a i l s s u r d e s s e r v e u r s d i s t a n t s (
pop / imap )
fuse (S)
gdm
g e s t i o n n a i r e de c o n n e x i o n g r a p h i q u e ( l e t r u c q u i vous
demande v o t r e l o g i n / p a s s )
h a l (ON) :
g e s t i o n n a i r e d e s p e r i p h e r i q u e s ( combinÃ© Ã Udev / Dbus ) e s t
un systÃ¨me q u i permet d ' a u t o d e t e c t e r l e s p Ã © r i p h Ã © r i q u e s )
halt ( nothing )
pour a r r e t e r l e PC
E. Branlard
106
hddtemp (D) : used by s e n s o r s u t i l s
hdparm
(S)
g e s t i o n d e s DD ( r Ã © g l a g e d e s d i s q u e s dur , g e n r e
a c t i v e r l e DMA, m e t t r e en udma5 ) e t Ã©tat du r a i d v i a / p r o c / mdstat
hostname . sh
d e c l a r a t i o n de ton hostname (Ã p a r t i r de / e t c /
hostname )
hotplug
l a n c e d i f f Ã © r e n t s sous −sy st Ã¨ mes h o t p l u g (Ã p a r t i r de / e t c / h o t p l u g e t / e t c / h o t p l u g . d ) g Ã ¨ r e t o u t c e q u i e s t
d Ã © t e c t i o n du m a t Ã © r i e l , comme l ' i n s e r t i o n d ' un m a t Ã © r i e l , e t c ) , a s s e z
complexe )
h w c l o c k f i r s t . sh
s y n c h r o n i s e l ' h o r l o g e m a t Ã © r i e l l e avec l ' h o r l o g e
logicielle
hwclock . sh
ifupdown
(S)
i n i t i a l i s e l ' Ã©tat d e s i n t e r f a c e s ( a c t i v Ã © e s
ou non )
ifupdown − c l e a n ( S ) ???
inetd
daemon i n e t d , s e r t Ã l a n c e r d ' a u t r e s s e r v i c e s (
s e r v e u r f t p , http , e t c ) de maniÃ¨re s p o r a d i q u e
i n i t r d − t o o l s . sh
s ' occupe de l ' i n i t r d ( l i b Ã © r a t i o n e t
r Ã © c u p Ã © r a t i o n de l a mÃ©moire u t i l i s Ã © e par c e l u i − c i )
ivman (ON) :
l i k e h a l s u p p o r t automount o f d i f f e r e n t media
jabber :
j a c k d (D? ) :
s e r v e r de son p e r m e t t a n t c o n n e x i o n s au p e r i p h e r i q u e a u d i o
kbd ( S ) : ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
keyboard −(S ) : ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
keymap . sh
c h a r g e l e mappage c l a v i e r adÃ©quat
k i l l p r o c s (S) ?????????
k l o g d (D)
daemon q u i e n r e g i s t r e l e s m ess age s du noyau
l a p t o p −mode ( p a r s i n g t e t e de l e c t u r e , g e s t i o n d i s q u e pour economie d '
energie , batterie )
libdevmapper1 . 0 0
g Ã ¨ r e l e s f i c h i e r s p Ã © r i p h Ã © r i q u e s n Ã © c Ã © s s a i r e s Ã libdevmapper
lm− s e n s o r s (D? ) :
loadcpufreq (2 3 4 5) ?????????
l p d (D) :
printing service
l p n r g ( 2 3 4 5−> D) :
enhanced l p r / l p d p r i n t e r s p o o l i n g system f o r
l o c a l o r remote p r i n t e r s
lvm
g e s t i o n n a i r e de s t o c k a g e avancÃ©
makedev
crÃ©e l e s f i c h i e r s de p Ã © r i p h Ã © r i q u e dans / dev
mdadm
monte l e s a r r a y s r a i d d Ã © f i n i e s dans / e t c /
mdadm/mdadm . c o n f
mdadm− r a i d
l a n c e l e daemon q u i s u r v e i l l e l e s a r r a y s r a i d
module− i n i t − t o o l s ( S ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? r Ã © s o u d r e l e s dÃ©pendances e t c h a r g e r l e s
modules n Ã © c e s s a i r e s
modutils
chargement d e s modules
mountover ( S )
?????????????????
m o u n t a l l . sh
montage d e s p a r t i t i o n ( sy st Ã¨m es de f i c h i e r s " l o c a u x
" i e non rÃ©seaux d Ã © f i n i s dans / e t c / f s t a b )
mountnfs . sh
monte l e s systÃ¨me de f i c h i e r s n f s e t samba f i g u r a n t
dans / e t c / f s t a b
mountvirtfs
montage f s v i r t u e l ( / proc , tmpfs , d e v p t s , / sys ,
usbfs )
networking
( S−>D)
a c t i v a t i o n d e s i n t e r f a c e s rÃ©seaux d Ã © f i n i e s
dans / e t c / n e t w o r k i n g / i n t e r f a c e s e t r Ã ¨ g l e q u e l q u e s a u t r e s t r u c s , g e n r e
l e f o r w a r d i n g , l a p r o t e c t i o n syn c o o k i e s , l ' a n t i − s p o o f i n g )
n f s −common ( 2 3 4 5 S−> D? ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
ntpdate
s y n c h r o n i s a t i o n de l ' h o r l o g e l o g i c i e l l e Ã l ' a i d e
d ' un s e r v e u r de temps v i a l e p r o t o c o l e ntp
n v i d i a −g l x
g e s t i o n du module p r o p r i Ã © t a i r e n v i d i a
E. Branlard
107
saned (D? ) :
s c a n n e r et r e s e a u
samba
daemon samba ( p a r t a g e r / v o i r d e s f i c h i e r s /
imprimantes s u r un rÃ©seau n e t b i o s )
s c r e e n −c l e a n u p
e f f a c e l e s " p i p e s " l a i s s Ã © s par l e l o g i c i e l s c r e e n
s e n d s i g s ( nothing )
e n v o i d e s s i g n a u x KILL pour t u e r l e s p r o c e s s u s
restants a l ' extinction
single
(1)
executÃ© par i n i t quand tu r e n t r e en " s i n g l e mode"
skeleton
un exemple de s c r i p t Ã m e t t r e i c i
stop −b o o t l o g d (2 − 5 : D)
s t o p l e daemon b o o t l o g d
stop −b o o t l o g d − s i n g l e ( S : D)
sudo (2−5−> D)
f a i t l e mÃ©nage dans l e s f i c h i e r s t e m p o r a i r e s
de sudo , make s u r e p r i v i l e g e s don ' t p e r s i s t a c r o s s r e b o o t s
sysklogd
l a n c e s y s l o g d , q u i sauve l e s m ess age s du
systÃ¨me dans / var / l o g
udev
(S)
daemon q u i crÃ©e de maniÃ¨re dynamique e t
p e r s o n n a l i s Ã © e d e s l i e n s dans / dev
udev−mtab ( S )
umountfs ( n o t h i n g )
dÃ©monte l e s swap e t t o u s l e s s ys tÃ¨ me s de f i c h i e r
locaux
umountnfs . sh ( n o t h i n g ) dÃ©monte t o u s l e s systÃ¨me de f i c h i e r e x c e p t Ã © s
la racine
urandom
(S)
s a u v e g a r d e / r e s t a u r e l a " g r a i n e a l Ã © a t o i r e " pour l e
gÃ©nÃ©rateur de nombres a l Ã © a t o i r e / dev / urandom , l e f i c h i e r e s t / var /
l i b / urandom / random−s e e d e t e s t r e s t a u r Ã © / sauvegardÃ©
wicd ( 2 3 4 5 )
winbind (D) : u t i l i s e r par samba pour s e c o n n e c t e r a d e s machines windows
et g e r e r l e s d r o i t s u t i l i s a t e u r s
x f r e e 8 6 −common
i n i t i l i a s e l e s e r v e u r x f r e e ( xorg maintenant ) notamment
les sockets
wpa− i f u p d
14.7 Bootchart
L ' i n s t a l l e r , p u i s a j o u t e r l ' o p t i o n au k e r n e l dans grub :
k e r n e l / vmlinuz − 2 . 6 . 1 0 r o r o o t=/ dev / hda1 i n i t=/ s b i n / b o o t c h a r t d
Un t a r b a l l e s t generÃ© dans / var / l o g . en tappant b o o t c h a r t dasn son home ,
un png e s t generÃ© .
14.8 Optimisation - Cong reseau demarrage
La c o n f i g u r a t i o n rÃ©seau r a l e n t i t un peu l e dÃ©marrage d ' Ubuntu .
Pour l e f i x e r , Ã © d i t e z v o t r e f i c h i e r " / e t c / h o s t s " en t a p a n t l a commande :
sudo g e d i t / e t c / h o s t s
Vous d e v r i e z y v o i r l e s l i g n e s s u i v a n t e s :
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 toto
" t o t o " e s t l e nom de v o t r e machine ( v o t r e l o c a l h o s t name )
A j o u t e z dans l a p r e m i Ã ¨ r e l i g n e l e nom de v o t r e machine :
127.0.0.1 localhost toto
127.0.1.1 toto
Sauvegardez e t q u i t t e z g e d i t . RedÃ©marrez v o t r e PC.
E. Branlard
108
14.9 Optimisation - chargement polices
l e chargement de bcp de p o l i c e s r a l e n t i s l e systeme j e c r o i s
donc s i tu veux v i r e r d e s p o l i c e s i n u t i l e s . . . s t y l e tu f a i s j a m a i s de
t r a i t e m e n t de t e x t e . . .
tu peux s u p p r i m e r d e s p o l i c e s
a l o r s pour ca tu o u v r e s s y n a p t i c , tu c h e r c h e s t t f e t tu s up p r im e s t o u t e s
l e s polices sauf :
t t f −dejavu , t t f −opensymbol , t t f −bitream −v e r a
p u i s ds un t e r m i n a l tu t a p e s :
sudo f c −c a c h e − f −v
VoilÃ !
14.10 Open oce optimization
Options −> Memory
Cache : 128 Mo
Memory p e r o b j e c t 32
Java −>d i s a b l e
open o f f i c e r a p i d e
h t t p : // forum . ubuntu− f r . o r g / v i e w t o p i c . php? i d =130569&p=1
E. Branlard
109
Chapter
15
Misceleanous
15.1 Java Gcj versus Sun - select defaults JVM
sudo update − a l t e r n a t i v e s −− c o n f i g j a v a
( g c j −b a s e )
( sun−j a v a )
15.2 Connexion ssh avec mot de passe automatique, methode bourrin
mot de passe en clair
U t i l i s a t i o n d ' expect ( a i n s t a l l e r )
C r e a t i o n d ' un s c r i p t :
#!
set
/usr/bin/ expect
−f
f o r c e_c o n s e r v a t i v e 1 ;
set timeout 2
spawn s s h ton −l o g i n @ l a −ou−tu −veux
e x p e c t " password : $ "
send " ton −passwd \n"
interact
15.3 Nvidia drivers
A c t u a l l y s i n c e you a l r e a d y have a n v i d i a d r i v e r s i n s t a l l e d you s h o u l d be
a b l e t o g e t away with :
# a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l n v i d i a − k e r n e l −s o u r c e module − a s s i s t a n t k e r n e l −p a c k a g e
l i n u x −headers − 2.6.30 − 1 − 686
Then , boot i n t o t h e new k e r n e l and , a f t e r you g e t dumped t o t h e c o n s o l e :
m−a a− i n v i d i a − k e r n e l −source
Screw i t , t e l e c h a r g e r
web n v i d i a
et
u t i l i s e r l e s d r i v e r s p r o p r i e t a i r e s sur l e s i t e
110
CHAPTER 15. MISCELEANOUS
15.4 Virer le Usplash splash screen demarrage ubuntu
sudo / boot / grub /menu . l s t
v i r e r l e s o p t i o n s q u i e t et s p l a s h
Pour p a s s e r au s p l a s h s c r e e n d ' xubuntu , i l f a u t a p r Ã ¨ s a v o i r tapÃ© Ã§a ( c f
l a doc ) :
Code :
sudo update − a l t e r n a t i v e s −− c o n f i g u s p l a s h −artwork . s o
e t c h o i s i l e s p a s h d ' xubuntu , i l f a u t t a p e r c e t t e commande Ã©galement q u i
gÃ©nÃ¨re l e s p a s h s c r e e n
Code :
sudo dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e l i n u x −image −$ ( uname − r )
e n s u i t e on peut s u p p r i m er / u s r / l i b / u s p l a s h / u s p l a s h −theme−ubuntu . s o
%! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
%! ! ! WATCH OUT − End Of F i l e
%! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
E. Branlard
111
Part II
Supplementary notes
112
Chapter
16
Conguration Files
16.1
/.bashrc
source / home /manu/ C o n f i g / p r o f i l e s / b a s h r c_common
#e x p o r t PS1 = ' \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1m\ ] \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1 ; 3 3m\ ] \ u : \ [ \ e [ 3 2 ; 1m\ ] \w \ [ \ e [ 3 3 ; 1m\ ] \ $
\ [ \ 0 3 3 [m\ ] '
#e x p o r t PS1 ="\033[33;40m[ \u@\h \w] \ \ $ \007 \ 0 3 3 [ 0m\007"
#e x p o r t PS1 = ' \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 3 3 ; 4 0m\ ] [ \ u@\h \ [ \ e [ 3 3 ; 4 0m\ ] \w ] \ [ \ e [ 3 3 ; 1m\ ] \ $ \ [ \ 0 3 3 [m
\] '
#########################################################
# PROGRAM PATHS and VARIABLES
#########################################################
#e x p o r t MATLABPATH=/ home /manu/ C o n f i g / matlab
#p a t h f o r l i s t e n music p l a y e r
#e x p o r t MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/ u s r / l i b / i c e w e a s e l
#e x p o r t LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/ u s r / l i b / i c e w e a s e l
#/ u s r / l i b / l i s t e n / l i s t e n . py " $@"
#i n t e l f o r t r a n
#s o u r c e / o p t / i n t e l / Compiler / 1 1 . 1 / 069 / b i n / i f o r t v a r s . sh
source / opt / i n t e l − f o r t r a n / b i n / i f o r t v a r s . sh
ia32
ia32
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH: / opt / cuda / l i b /
#gpg −− k e y s e r v e r k e y s e r v e r . ubuntu . com −− r e c v 778978 B00F7992B0
#gpg −− e x p o r t −−armor 778978 B00F7992B0 | sudo apt −key add −
# ~/ . b a s h r c : e x e c u t e d by bash ( 1 ) f o r non− l o g i n s h e l l s .
# s e e / u s r / s h a r e / doc / bash / examples / s t a r t u p − f i l e s ( i n t h e p a c k a g e bash −doc )
# f o r examples
# I f not running i n t e r a c t i v e l y , don ' t do a n y t h i n g
[ −z " $PS1" ] && return
# don ' t p u t d u p l i c a t e l i n e s i n t h e h i s t o r y . See bash ( 1 ) f o r more o p t i o n s
export HISTCONTROL=i g n o r e d u p s
# . . . and i g n o r e same s u c e s s i v e e n t r i e s .
export HISTCONTROL=i g n o r e b o t h
# c h e c k t h e window s i z e a f t e r each command and , i f n e c e s s a r y ,
# u p d a t e t h e v a l u e s o f LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt − s c h e c k w i n s i z e
113
CHAPTER 16. CONFIGURATION FILES
# make l e s s more f r i e n d l y f o r non− t e x t i n p u t f i l e s , s e e l e s s p i p e ( 1 )
[ −x / u s r / b i n / l e s s p i p e ] && e v a l " $ ( l e s s p i p e ) "
#K i l l i n g PC BEEP
#x s e t −b
#setxkbmap − o p t i o n compose : r a l t
#########################################################
# ALIASES
#########################################################
# some more l s a l i a s e s
a l i a s l l =' l s − lhb '
a l i a s l s n o c o =' l s −F −− c o l o r=none −−group − d i r e c t o r i e s − f i r s t '
a l i a s l s =' l s −F −− c o l o r=always −−group − d i r e c t o r i e s − f i r s t '
a l i a s l a =' l s −lAXh '
a l i a s d i r =' l s − 1'
a l i a s l a d =' l s −lAh | g r e p drwx '
a l i a s cd . . = ' cd . . '
a l i a s g r e p n o c o =' g r e p −− c o l o r=none '
a l i a s g r e p =' g r e p −− c o l o r=always '
# systeme
a l i a s r e b o o t =' sudo r e b o o t '
a l i a s v i g r u b =' sudo vim / boot / grub / grub . c f g '
a l i a s v i x =' sudo vim / e t c / X11 / xorg . conf '
a l i a s v i i n i t =' sudo vim / e t c / i n i t t a b '
alias
alias
alias
alias
alias
alias
alias
alias
#
g e d i t =' geany '
m y d i f f =' d i f f −a −b −B −w −y − i −− s u p p r e s s −common− l i n e s '
m y d i f f b =' d i f f −a −b −B −w −y − i '
mywget=' wget − r − l 5 −k −E '
d f =' d f −hT | e g r e p − i " f i l e | ^ / " '
duf ='du −−max−depth=1 −h '
R='R −−no−save '
RR='R −−no− i n i t − f i l e '
function
}
#
alias
ff {
grep −I n r s i
$1
. /*
f= f f
# tracker
a l i a s a s e a r c h =' t r a c k e r − s e a r c h
a l i a s t s e a r c h =' t r a c k e r − s e a r c h
a l i a s msearch =' t r a c k e r − s e a r c h
a l i a s v s e a r c h =' t r a c k e r − s e a r c h
a l i a s i s e a r c h =' t r a c k e r − s e a r c h
alias
alias
'
−t
−m
−v
−i
'
'
'
'
lhm='xmodmap −e " p o i n t e r = 3 2 1 4 5 7 6 8 9 " '
rhm='xmodmap −e " p o i n t e r = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 " '
#A p t i t u d e
a l i a s update =' sudo a p t i t u d e update ; sudo a p t i t u d e s a f e −upgrade '
a l i a s a p i =' sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l '
a l i a s aps =' a p t i t u d e s e a r c h '
a l i a s a p s s =' a p t i t u d e show '
E. Branlard
114
alias
apc =' apt −c a c h e p o l i c y '
#########################################################
# Vim E d i t i n g mode i n Bash
#########################################################
s e t −o v i
# ^p c h e c k f o r p a r t i a l match i n h i s t o r y
bind −m vi − i n s e r t " \C−p" : dynamic −complete−h i s t o r y
# ^n c y c l e t h r o u g h t h e l i s t o f p a r t i a l matches
bind −m vi − i n s e r t " \C−n" : menu−complete
# ^ l clear screen
bind −m vi − i n s e r t " \C− l " : c l e a r − s c r e e n
#########################################################
# GVIM SINGLE INSTANCE
gv {
[ " $#" −eq " 0 " ] ; then
/ u s r / b i n / gvim −− servername GVIMLOCAL
function
if
else
i f echo " $ * " | g r e p −q −− "−− servername " ; then
# echo "Command a l r e a d y has −−servername use i t "
/ u s r / b i n / gvim $ *
else
#echo "Use d e f a u l t VIM s e r v e r VIMLOCAL"
/ u s r / b i n / gvim −− servername GVIMLOCAL −−remote −tab − s i l e n t
$
*
fi
fi
}
#a l i a s gvim=gv
# a l i a s gvim=' gvim −p −−remote −tab − s i l e n t '
# e n a b l e programmable c o m p l e t i o n f e a t u r e s ( you don ' t need t o e n a b l e
# t h i s , i f i t ' s a l r e a d y e n a b l e d i n / e t c / bash . b a s h r c and / e t c / p r o f i l e
# s o u r c e s / e t c / bash . b a s h r c ) .
i f [ − f / e t c / bash_c o m p l e t i o n ] ; then
. / e t c / bash_c o m p l e t i o n
fi
#gpg −− k e y s e r v e r k e y s e r v e r . ubuntu . com −− r e c v 778978 B00F7992B0
16.2
/.bash_prole
echo
"
echo
"
echo
"
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BASH PROFILE −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
#i f [ ` t t y ` = " / dev / t t y 1 " ] ; t h e n
# s t a r t x&
#f i
E. Branlard
115
# Load X11
#i f [ − z " $DISPLAY" ] ; t h e n
#e x p o r t PS1 = ' \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1m\ ] \ [ \ 0 3 3 [ 1 ; 3 3m\ ] \ u : \ [ \ e [ 3 2 ; 1m\ ] \w \ [ \ e [ 3 3 ; 1m\ ] \ $
\ [ \ 0 3 3 [m\ ] '
#s o u r c e . b a s h r c
PATH=$PATH: /home/manu/ C o n f i g / s c r i p t s /
PATH=$PATH: / opt / cuda / b i n /
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH: / opt / cuda / l i b /
#For your . x i n i t you may want t o use ' e x e c ck −launch − s e s s i o n dbus −l a u n c h
−−sh − s y n t a x −− e x i t −with − s e s s i o n s t a r t x f c e 4 ' , i t ' s what I have found t o
work b e t t e r .
# i f [ " $ ( t t y ) " = " / dev / t t y 1 " ] ; t h e n
i f [ ` ps − l e | g r e p x i n i t | wc − l ` == 0 ] ;
then
exec ck −launch − s e s s i o n s t a r t x f c e 4 ;
#x i n i t ;
echo " " ;
echo "Bye Bye" ;
echo " "
source . b a s h r c
# fi
fi
# && [ $ ( t t y ) ==
# s t a r t x&
#f i
16.3
/ dev / t t y 1
] ; then
/.xinitrc
echo
"
echo
"
echo
"
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN XINITRC −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
#############################
# This f i l e i s not used by nodm , s e e . x s e s s i o n
#############################
#i f [ −x / u s r / b i n / numlockx ]
#t h e n
#
/ u s r / b i n / numlockx on
#f i
#/ u s r / b i n / x s e t n u m l o c k&
#xterm c o n f i g
xrdb ~/ . X d e f a u l t s
#i f which dbus −l a u n c h > / dev / n u l l && t e s t − z " $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ;
then
#
e v a l " $ ( dbus −l a u n c h −−sh −s y n t a x −− e x i t −with − s e s s i o n ) "
#f i
#/ home /manu/ C o n f i g / s c r i p t s / ScreenConf . sh
E. Branlard
116
#e x e c ck −launch − s e s s i o n s t a r t x f c e 4
#setxkbmap − o p t i o n t e r m i n a t e : c t r l _a l t_b k s p
setxkbmap − o p t i o n compose : r a l t
#b o o t c h a r t
# e x e c x f c e 4 −s e s s i o n
exec ck −launch − s e s s i o n x f c e 4 − s e s s i o n ;
#e x e c s t a r t x f c e 4
#f l u x b o x
#b l a c k b o x
#icewm
#s a w f i s h
#
echo
"
echo
"
echo
"
16.4
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− END XINITRC −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
/.xsession
echo
"
echo
echo
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN XSESSION −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"
#############################
# This f i l e i s not used by nodm , s e e . x s e s s i o n
#############################
#i f [ −x / u s r / b i n / numlockx ]
#t h e n
#
/ u s r / b i n / numlockx on
#f i
#/ u s r / b i n / k e y t o u c h d&
# / home / s h a r e / C o n f i g /_MyScripts / cnx − v j k . sh
#/ e t c / i n i t . d / i n i t −cnx − v j k . sh&
#/ u s r / b i n / x s e t n u m l o c k&
#xterm c o n f i g
#x r d b ~/ . X d e f a u l t s
#i f which dbus −l a u n c h > / dev / n u l l && t e s t − z " $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ;
then
#
e v a l " $ ( dbus −l a u n c h −−sh −s y n t a x −− e x i t −with − s e s s i o n ) "
#f i
#e x e c ck −launch − s e s s i o n s t a r t x f c e 4
#e x e c s t a r t x f c e 4
#setxkbmap − o p t i o n compose : r a l t
E. Branlard
117
16.5
/.Xdefaults
xterm
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
xterm * faceName :
monospace : p i x e l s i z e =14
! xterm * dynamicColors :
true
! xterm * u t f 8 :
2
! xterm * e i g h t B i t I n p u t :
true
xterm * s c r o l l T t y K e y p r e s s : true
xterm * s c r o l l T t y O u t p u t :
false
xterm * s c r o l l B a r :
true
xterm * r i g h t S c r o l l B a r :
true
xterm * j u m p S c r o l l :
true
xterm * m u l t i S c r o l l :
true
xterm * background : b l a c k
xterm * f o r e g r o u n d : g r e e n
xterm * t i t l e : xterm
xterm * vt100 . geometry : 80 x28
XTerm* r e v e r s e V i d e o : on
XTerm* S a v e L i n e s : 1000
! xterm * iconPixmap :
/ home / s h a r e / C o n f i g /_Apparence / xapp . xbm
! xterm * iconMask :
/ home / s h a r e / C o n f i g /_Apparence / xapp−mask . xbm
!
Xcursor
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Xcursor * theme : V a n i l l a −DMZ−AA
Xcursor . s i z e : 22
!
! VIM s t u f f s
Vim* f o r e g r o u n d : Black
Vim . background : w h i t e
16.6
/.vimrc
set
nocompatible
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Indent
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" ' a u t o i n d e n t ' u s e s t h e i n d e n t from t h e p r e v i o u s l i n e .
" ' smartindent '
i s l i k e ' a u t o i n d e n t ' but a l s o r e c o g n i z e s some C s y n t a x t o
"
i n c r e a s e / r e d u c e t h e i n d e n t where a p p r o p r i a t e .
" ' c i n d e n t ' Works more c l e v e r l y than t h e o t h e r two and i s c o n f i g u r a b l e t o
"
d i f f e r e n t indenting s t y l e s .
" ' i n d e n t e x p r ' The most f l e x i b l e o f a l l : E v a l u a t e s an e x p r e s s i o n t o compute
"
t h e i n d e n t o f a l i n e . When non−empty t h i s method o v e r r i d e s
"
t h e o t h e r o n e s . See | i n d e n t − e x p r e s s i o n | .
s e t smartindent
set cindent
s e t t a b s t o p=4
s e t s h i f t w i d t h =4 " 4 c h a r a c t e r s f o r i n d e n t i n g
s e t e t " expand tab
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" " " From vimrc example
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
E. Branlard
118
" a l l o w b a c k s p a c i n g o v e r e v e r y t h i n g i n i n s e r t mode
s e t b a c k s p a c e=i n d e n t , e o l , s t a r t whichwrap += < , > ,[ ,]
s e t h i s t o r y =50
" keep 50 l i n e s o f command l i n e h i s t o r y
set r u l e r
" show t h e c u r s o r p o s i t i o n a l l t h e time
s e t mouse=a
" Only do t h i s p a r t when c o m p i l e d with s u p p o r t f o r autocommands .
i f has ( " autocmd " )
" Enable f i l e type d e t e c t i o n .
" Use t h e d e f a u l t f i l e t y p e s e t t i n g s , s o t h a t m a i l g e t s ' tw ' s e t t o 7 2 ,
" ' c i n d e n t ' i s on i n C f i l e s , e t c .
" Also l o a d i n d e n t f i l e s , t o a u t o m a t i c a l l y do language −dependent
indenting .
f i l e t y p e p l u g i n i n d e n t on
" Put t h e s e i n an autocmd group , s o t h a t we can d e l e t e them e a s i l y .
augroup vimrcEx
au !
" For a l l t e x t f i l e s s e t ' t e x t w i d t h ' t o 78 c h a r a c t e r s .
autocmd F il eT y p e t e x t s e t l o c a l t e x t w i d t h =78
" When e d i t i n g a f i l e , always jump t o t h e l a s t known c u r s o r
position .
" Don ' t do i t when t h e p o s i t i o n i s i n v a l i d o r when i n s i d e an e v e n t
handler
" ( happens when d r o p p i n g a f i l e on gvim ) .
autocmd BufReadPost *
\ i f l i n e ( " ' \ " " ) > 0 && l i n e ( " ' \ " " ) <= l i n e ( " $ " ) |
\
exe " normal ! g ` \ " " |
\ endif
augroup END
else
set autoindent
" always s e t a u t o i n d e n t i n g on
e n d i f " has ( " autocmd " )
" Convenient command t o s e e t h e d i f f e r e n c e between t h e c u r r e n t b u f f e r and
the
" f i l e i t was l o a d e d from , t h u s t h e c h a n g e s you made .
command D i f f O r i g v e r t new | s e t bt=n o f i l e | r # | 0d_ | d i f f t h i s
\ | wincmd p | d i f f t h i s
" D e t e c t f i l e t y p e nd u s e s y n t a x h i g h l i g h t i n g s y n t a x e n a b l e
s y n t a x on
" syntax h i g h l i g h i n g
f i l e t y p e on
i f has ( " g u i_r u n n i n g " )
s e t g u i f o n t=Monospace \ 10
" use t h i s font
s e t background=l i g h t
" adapt c o l o r s f o r background
s e t g u i o p t i o n s −=m
" remove menu bar
s e t g u i o p t i o n s −=T " remove t o o l b a r
s e t g u i o p t i o n s+=b
"add h o r i z o n t a l bar
c o l o r s c h e m e ManuWhite
set nospell
else
c o l o r s c h e m e ManuGreen
" u s e t h i s c o l o r scheme
s e t background=dark
" adapt c o l o r s f o r background
set nospell
endif
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Editor general
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
E. Branlard
119
" l i n e numbering
s e t number
nnoremap \ tn : s e t invnumber number?<CR>
" s p e l l check
nnoremap \ t s : s e t i n v s p e l l s p e l l ?<CR>
" Sessions
s e t s s o p=blank , b u f f e r s , c u r d i r , f o l d s , tabpages , w i n s i z e , r e s i z e , winpos
" used by CTRL−U and CTRL−D ? w e l l , w e l l w e l l . . .
s e t s c r o l l =4
s e t s c r o l l o f f =3
" always i n t h e f i l e d i r e c t o r y
" set a u t o c h d i r
" autocmd BufEnter * s i l e n t ! l c d %:p : h
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Keywords
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
s e t i s k=a−z , A−Z,48 − 57 ,_,128 − 167 ,224 − 235
" s e t i s k +=: " f o r l a t e x i n t h e f t p l u g i n d i r
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Wrapping and h o r i z o n t a l bar
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
function ToggleHorizontalScrollbar ()
" s e t g u i o p t i o n s+=b
i f &go =~# " b "
s e t go−=b
else
s e t go+=b
endif
endfunc
s e t l b r " l i n e break
noremap <F10> : s e t nowrap ! <CR>
"~ map <F9> : s e t g u i o p t i o n s+=b <CR>
noremap <F11> : c a l l T o g g l e H o r i z o n t a l S c r o l l b a r ( )<CR>
noremap <F6> : s e t g u i o p t i o n s+=m <CR>
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Search
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" P r e s s F3 t o t o g g l e h i g h l i g h t i n g on / o f f , and show c u r r e n t v a l u e .
noremap <F3> : s e t h l s e a r c h ! h l s e a r c h ?<CR>
set h l s e a r c h
s e t i n c s e a r c h " do i n c r e m e n t a l s e a r c h i n g
s e t i g n o r e c a s e " i g n o r e c a se
s e t s m a r t c a s e " but don ' t i g n o r e i t , when s e a r c h s t r i n g c o n t a i n s u p p e r c a s e
letters
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Completion
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
s e t c o m p l e t e o p t=menu , l o n g e s t , p r e v i e w
s e t showcmd
" d i s p l a y i n c o m p l e t e commands a t t h e bottom o f t h e s c r e e n
s e t w i l d c h a r=<Tab> wildmenu wildmode=l o n g e s t , l i s t , f u l l
s e t wildcharm=<C−Z>
E. Branlard
120
s e t w i l d i g n o r e=* . o , *~ , * . cmo , * . cmi , * . a , * . cmx , * . cmxa , * . aux , * . dvi , * . aut , * . bbl
, * . blg , * . dvi , * . f f f , * . ps , * . toc , * . t t t
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Foldinpeg
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" h i g h l i g h t Folded c t e r m f g=y e l l o w ctermbg=NONE
" s e t f o l d t e x t=g e t l i n e ( v : f o l d s t a r t )
s e t foldmethod=i n d e n t " f o l d i n d e n t e d r e g i o n s
s e t f o l d m i n l i n e s =1
s e t f o l d n e s t m a x=2
set nofoldenable
s e t f o l d l e v e l =1
" f o l d from t h e b e g i n n i n g
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Tabs
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" tab f i r e f o x − l i k e
nmap <C−t> : tabnew<CR>
nmap <C−S−tab> : t a b p r e v i o u s <CR>
nmap <C−tab> : tabnext<CR>
map <C−S−tab> : t a b p r e v i o u s <CR>
map <C−tab> : tabnext<CR>
imap <C−S−tab> <Esc >: t a b p r e v i o u s <CR>
imap <C−tab> <Esc >: tabnext<CR>
s e t s h o w t a b l i n e=2
" always t a b s v i s i b l e
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Buffers
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" B u f f e r e x p l o r e r \ be
" Bluid in f e a t u r e s
" smart b u f f e r s w i t c h i n g p r e s s i n g : b tab o f F10
" nnoremap <F10> : b <C−Z>
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Comment / Toggle comment
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Commenting b l o c k s o f code .
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r =' // '
autocmd F il eT y p e c , cpp , java , s c a l a , php l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = ' // '
autocmd F il eT y p e sh , ruby , python
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = '# '
autocmd F il eT y p e f o r t r a n
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = ' ! '
autocmd F il eT y p e conf , f s t a b
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = '# '
autocmd F il eT y p e tex , matlab
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = '% '
autocmd F il eT y p e m a i l
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = '> '
autocmd F il eT y p e vim
l e t b : comment_l e a d e r = ' " '
" mapping
noremap <s i l e n t > , c c :<C−B>s i l e n t <C−E>s /^/<C−R>=e s c a p e ( b : comment_l e a d e r
, ' \ / ' )<CR>/<CR>: n o h l s e a r c h <CR>
noremap <s i l e n t > , cu :<C−B>s i l e n t <C−E>s / ^\V<C−R>=e s c a p e ( b : comment_l e a d e r
, ' \ / ' )<CR>// e<CR>: n o h l s e a r c h <CR>
noremap <s i l e n t > , c t : c a l l ToggleComment (&f t )<CR>
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Windows l i k e
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
s e t w i n a l t k e y s=no
" CTRL−X a r e Cut
" vnoremap <C−X> "+x
E. Branlard
121
" inoremap <C−x> <C−o>x
" noremap <C−x> x
" CTRL−C
" vnoremap <C−C> "+y
"
"
"
"
"
CTRL−V
map <C−V>
"+gP
cmap <C−V>
<C−R>+
P a s t i n g b l o c k w i s e and l i n e w i s e s e l e c t i o n s i s
V i s u a l mode w i t h o u t t h e +v i r t u a l e d i t f e a t u r e
they
" were c h a r a c t e r w i s e i n s t e a d .
" Uses t h e p a s t e . vim a u t o l o a d s c r i p t .
exe ' inoremap <s c r i p t > <C−V>' p a s t e#p a s t e_cmd [
exe ' vnoremap <s c r i p t > <C−V>' p a s t e#p a s t e_cmd [
.
not p o s s i b l e i n I n s e r t and
They a r e p a s t e d a s i f
'i ']
'v ']
" Use CTRL−S f o r s a v i n g , a l s o i n I n s e r t mode
noremap <C−S>
: update<CR>
vnoremap <C−S>
<C−C>: update<CR>
inoremap <C−S>
<C−O>: update<CR>
" CTRL−Z i s Undo ; not i n c m d l i n e though
" noremap <C−Z> u
" inoremap <C−Z> <C−O>u
" CTRL−A i s S e l e c t a l l
noremap <C−A> gggH<C−O>G
" noremap <C−A> ggVG
" inoremap <C−A> <C−O>gg<C−O>gH<C−O>G
" cnoremap <C−A> <C−C>gggH<C−O>G
" onoremap <C−A> <C−C>gggH<C−O>G
" snoremap <C−A> <C−C>gggH<C−O>G
" xnoremap <C−A> <C−C>ggVG
" CTRL−Tab i s Next window
" noremap <C−Tab> <C−W>w
" inoremap <C−Tab> <C−O><C−W>w
" cnoremap <C−Tab> <C−C><C−W>w
" onoremap <C−Tab> <C−C><C−W>w
"""
" CTRL−Tab i s Next window
" noremap <C−Tab> <C−W>w
" inoremap <C−Tab> <C−O><C−W>w
" cnoremap <C−Tab> <C−C><C−W>w
" onoremap <C−Tab> <C−C><C−W>w
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Windows
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" r e s i z e i n h o r i z o n t a l mode
map − <C−W>−
map + <C−W>+
" r e s i z e i n v e r t i c a l mode ALT−SHIFT − [<>]:
map <M−<> <C−W><
map <M−>> <C−W>>
imap <M−<> <C−W><
imap <M−>> <C−W>>
E. Branlard
122
imap <C−w> <C−o><C−w>
" min win h e i g h t t o 0 , 1 d e f a u l t
s e t wmh=0
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " "
" " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" INSERT MODE TWEAKS and COPY PASTE TWEAKS
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" D e a l i n g with l o n g l i n e s a u t o m a t i c a l y . . .
nmap k g<Up>
nmap j g<Down>
" n a v i g a t e w i t h o u t l i f t i n g hand o f f o f k e y s
" imap <C−space > <Plug>IMAP_JumpForward
" imap <C−H> <L e f t >
" imap <C−J> <C−o>g<Down>
" imap <C−K> <C−o>g<Up>
" imap <C−L> <Right>
" imap <A−4> <C−o><End>
" imap <A−0> <C−o><Home>
" duplicate line
inoremap <A−d> <C−o>yy<C−o>P<Down>
noremap <A−d> yyp
" inoremap <M−D> <C−o>yy<C−o>P<Down>
" inoremap <M−D> <C−o>yy<C−o>P<Down>
" noremap <M−D> yyp
s e t c l i p b o a r d=unnamed
s e t s e s s i o n o p t i o n s+=r e s i z e
" i n s e r t o n l y one c h a r a c t e r , e n a b l i n g r e p e t i t i o n s a s ' 5 s '
f u n c t i o n ! RepeatChar ( char , count )
r e t u r n r e p e a t ( a : char , a : count )
endfunction
nnoremap s :<C−U>e x e c " normal i " . RepeatChar ( n r 2 c h a r ( g e t c h a r ( ) ) , v : count1 )
<CR>
"
"
"
"
"
C t r l −j /k
nnoremap
nnoremap
nnoremap
nnoremap
d e l e t e s blank
<s i l e n t ><A−J>
<s i l e n t ><A−K>
<s i l e n t ><A−j >
<s i l e n t ><A−k>
l i n e below / above , and Alt − j / k i n s e r t s .
m` : s i l e n t +g / \m^\ s *$/d<CR> ` ` : noh<CR>
m` : s i l e n t −g / \m^\ s *$/d<CR> ` ` : noh<CR>
: s e t p a s t e <CR>m` o<Esc > ` ` : s e t nopaste <CR>
: s e t p a s t e <CR>m` O<Esc > ` ` : s e t nopaste <CR>
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
E c l i p s e −l i k e p a r e n t h e s i s h a n d l i n g
imap ( ( )<L e f t >
imap { {}< L e f t >
imap ( * ( * * )<L e f t ><L e f t ><L e f t >
Same f o r quotes , e x c e p t i n vim f i l e s ( where " i s comment , o b v i o u s l y )
au BufRead i f &f t != ' vim ' | inoremap " " "<L e f t > | e n d i f
' Escapes ' f o r t h e above
imap ( ( (
imap ( ) ( )
imap {{ {
imap " " " "
imap {} {}
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" VIM−LATEX
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
E. Branlard
123
" REQUIRED. This makes vim i n v o k e Latex − S u i t e when you open a t e x f i l e .
f i l e t y p e p l u g i n on
" IMPORTANT: win32 u s e r s w i l l need t o have ' s h e l l s l a s h '
" can be c a l l e d c o r r e c t l y .
set shellslash
set
so that l a t e x
" IMPORTANT: g r e p w i l l sometimes s k i p d i s p l a y i n g t h e f i l e name i f you
" s e a r c h i n a s i n g e f i l e . This w i l l c o n f u s e Latex − S u i t e . S e t your g r e p
" program t o always g e n e r a t e a f i l e −name .
s e t g r e p p r g=g r e p \ −nH\ $ *
" OPTIONAL: S t a r t i n g with Vim 7 , t h e f i l e t y p e o f empty . t e x f i l e s d e f a u l t s
to
" ' p l a i n t e x ' i n s t e a d o f ' tex ' , which r e s u l t s i n vim− l a t e x not b e i n g l o a d e d
.
" The f o l l o w i n g c h a n g e s t h e d e f a u l t f i l e t y p e back t o ' tex ' :
l e t g : t e x_f l a v o r =' l a t e x '
l e t g : Tex_Menus=0
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Latex c o m p i l a t i o n
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
l e t g : Tex_DefaultTargetFormat = ' pdf '
l e t g : Tex_MultipleCompileFormats = ' '
l e t g : Tex_FormatDependency_pdf = ' '
l e t g : Tex_CompileRule_pdf = ' p d f l a t e x − i n t e r a c t i o n=nonstopmode $* ; '
l e t g : Tex_CompileRule_d v i = ' l a t e x −− i n t e r a c t i o n=nonstopmode $* ; '
l e t g : Tex_CompileRule_ps = ' d v i p s −Ppdf −o $* . ps $* . d v i ; '
l e t g : Tex_UseMakeFile = 1
l e t g : Tex_GotoError=0 " i f s e t t o 1 then a f t e r \ l l then vim w i l l go t o t h e
next e r r o r
" Inverse search
" l e t g : Tex_ViewRule_pdf = ' "C: \ b i n \SumatraPDF\SumatraPDF . exe " − i n v e r s e −
s e a r c h " gvim −c \ " : RemoteOpen +\%l \% f \ " " '
" remember command f o r dynamicly c h a n g i n g warning l e v e l : TCLevel 3
l e t g : Tex_IgnoredWarnings =
\ ' / u s r / s h a r e ' . " \n" .
\ ' / texmf ' . " \n" .
\ ' U n d e r f u l l ' . " \n" .
\ ' O v e r f u l l ' . " \n" .
\ ' s p e c i f i e r changed to ' . " \n" .
\ ' You have r e q u e s t e d ' . " \n" .
\ ' M i s s i n g number , t r e a t e d a s z e r o . ' . " \n" .
\ ' There were u n d e f i n e d r e f e r e n c e s ' . " \n" .
\ ' C i t a t i o n %.%# u n d e f i n e d ' . " \ n " .
\ ' Label ' . " \n" .
\ ' Warning '
l e t g : Tex_I g n o r e L e v e l = 11
" Latex F o l d i n g
l e t g : Tex_F o l d e d S e c t i o n s =' part , c h a p t e r , s e c t i o n '
l e t g : Tex_FoldedEnvironments = ' '
l e t g : Tex_FoldedCommands = ' '
l e t g : Tex_FoldedMisc = ' '
l e t g : Tex_AutoFolding=1
l e t g : Tex_F o l d i n g=1
E. Branlard
124
"To put i n a * . l a t e x m a i n t o o v e r r i d e f o r a p r o j e c t
" l e t Tex_DefaultTargetFormat = ' pdf '
" l e t g : Tex_MultipleCompileFormats =' pdf '
" l e t Tex_FormatDependency_pdf = ' dvi , ps , pdf '
" l e t Tex_CompileRule_d v i = ' l a t e x −− i n t e r a c t i o n=nonstopmode $* '
" l e t Tex_CompileRule_ps = ' d v i p s −Ppdf −o $* . ps $* . d v i ; echo " Rule DVI>PS
d e f i n e d i n Main" ; r e a d A'
" l e t Tex_CompileRule_pdf = ' p s 2 p d f $* . ps ; echo " Rule PS>PDF d e f i n e d i n
Main" ; read A'
" l e t g : Tex_P r o j e c t S o u r c e F i l e s =' b i b /* . bib , t e x /* . tex '
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Sessions
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
"~ f u n c t i o n ! S a v e S e s s i o n ( )
"~
i f v : t h i s_s e s s i o n != " "
"~
echo " Saving . "
"~
exe ' m k s e s s i o n ! ' . ' " ' . v : t h i s_s e s s i o n . ' " '
"~
else
"~
echo "No S e s s i o n . "
"~
endif
"~ e n d f u n c t i o n
"~
"~ au VimLeave * : c a l l S a v e S e s s i o n ( )
"~
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" Matlab
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
source $VIMRUNTIME/ macros / m a t c h i t . vim
autocmd BufEnter * .m c o m p i l e r m l i n t
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" SpellCheck
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
s e t mousemodel=popup_s e t p o s
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" OmniCpp
" " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
" omnicppcomplete o p t i o n s
s e t t a g s+=~/ . vim / t a g s / t a g s_cpp
map <F12> : ! c t a g s −R −−c++−k i n d s=+p l −− f i e l d s=+i a S −− e x t r a=+q .<CR><CR>
" add c u r r e n t d i r e c t o r y ' s g e n e r a t e d t a g s f i l e t o a v a i l a b l e t a g s
s e t t a g s +=./ t a g s
" −−− OmniCppComplete −−−
" −− r e q u i r e d −−
s e t nocp " non v i c o m p a t i b l e mode
f i l e t y p e p l u g i n on " enable p l u g i n s
" −− c o n f i g s −−
l e t OmniCpp_NamespaceSearch = 2 " s e a r c h namespaces i n t h i s and i n c l u d e d
files
l e t OmniCpp_G l o b a l S c o p e S e a r c h = 1
l e t OmniCpp_ShowAccess = 1
l e t OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 1 " show f u n c t i o n p r o t o t y p e ( i . e .
p a r a m e t e r s ) i n popup window
l e t OmniCpp_MayCompleteDot = 1 " a u t o c o m p l e t e with .
E. Branlard
125
let
let
let
let
OmniCpp_MayCompleteArrow = 1 " a u t o c o m p l e t e with −>
OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1 " a u t o c o m p l e t e with : :
OmniCpp_S e l e c t F i r s t I t e m = 2 " s e l e c t f i r s t item ( but don ' t i n s e r t )
OmniCpp_L o c a l S e a r c h D e c l = 1 " don ' t r e q u i r e s p e c i a l s t y l e o f f u n c t i o n
opening braces
" a u t o m a t i c a l l y open and c l o s e t h e popup menu / p r e v i e w window
" au CursorMovedI , I n s e r t L e a v e * i f p u m v i s i b l e ( ) == 0 | s i l e n t ! p c l o s e | e n d i f
" s e t c o m p l e t e o p t=menuone , menu , l o n g e s t , p r e v i e w
" auto c l o s e o p t i o n s when e x i t i n g i n s e r t mode o r moving away
autocmd CursorMovedI * i f p u m v i s i b l e ( ) == 0 | p c l o s e | e n d i f
autocmd I n s e r t L e a v e * i f p u m v i s i b l e ( ) == 0 | p c l o s e | e n d i f
s e t c o m p l e t e o p t=menu , menuone
" Setup t h e tab key t o do a u t o c o m p l e t i o n
f u n c t i o n ! CompleteTab ( )
l e t p r e c = s t r p a r t ( g e t l i n e ( ' . ' ) , 0 , c o l ( ' . ' ) −1 )
i f p r e c =~ '^\ s *$ ' | | p r e c =~ ' \ s $ '
r e t u r n "\<tab>"
else
r e t u r n "\<c−x>\<c−o>"
endif
endfunction
inoremap <tab> <c−r>=CompleteTab ( )<cr>
16.7
/.conkyrc
E. Branlard
126
Chapter
17
Shell scripts
17.1 exaileplaylist2rhythmox
h = open ( ' p l a y l i s t s . xml ' , 'w' )
h . w r i t e ( ' <? xml v e r s i o n=" 1 . 0 "?>\n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' < rhythmdb− p l a y l i s t s >\n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
h . write ( '
<c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
h . write ( '
<e q u a l s prop=" type ">song</ e q u a l s >\n ' )
h . write ( '
<subquery >\n ' )
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
<g r e a t e r prop=" r a t i n g " >4.000000 < / g r e a t e r >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ subquery >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
<subquery >\n ' )
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
<c u r r e n t −time −w i t h i n prop=" f i r s t −s e e n ">604800< / c u r r e n t −
time −w i t h i n >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ subquery >\n ' )
h . write ( '
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
<subquery >\n ' )
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
<c u r r e n t −time −w i t h i n prop=" l a s t −p l a y e d ">604800< / c u r r e n t
−time −w i t h i n >\n ' )
127
CHAPTER 17. SHELL SCRIPTS
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
h . write ( '
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
</ subquery >\n ' )
</ c o n j u n c t i o n >\n ' )
\n ' )
not o s . path . e x i s t s ( ' p l a y l i s t s ' ) :
o s . makedirs ( ' p l a y l i s t s ' )
os . chdir ( ' p l a y l i s t s ' )
a = open ( ' o r d e r_ f i l e ' , ' r ' )
for b in a . x r e a d l i n e s ( ) :
i f b [ − 1 : ] == ' \ n ' :
b = b[: −1]
i f b [ − 1 : ] == ' \ r ' :
b = b[: −1]
i f b == 'EOF' :
if
break
c = open ( b + '. p l a y l i s t ' , ' r ' )
b = s t r i n g . r e p l a c e ( b , '& ' , '&amp ; ' )
h . w r i t e ( ' \n ' )
for l i n e in c . x r e a d l i n e s ( ) :
i f l i n e [ − 1 : ] == ' \ n ' :
l i n e = l i n e [: −1]
i f l i n e [ − 1 : ] == ' \ r ' :
l i n e = l i n e [: −1]
i f l i n e != 'EOF' :
i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' \ t ' ) != − 1:
l i n e = l i n e [ : l i n e . find ( '\ t ' ) ]
l i n e = s t r i n g . r e p l a c e ( l i n e , '& ' , '&amp ; ' )
h . write ( '
<l o c a t i o n >'+ l i n e +'</ l o c a t i o n >\n ' )
else :
break
c . close ()
a . close ()
h . w r i t e ( ' < / rhythmdb− p l a y l i s t s >\n ' )
h . close ()
17.2 cnx-vjk.expect
#!
/usr/bin/ expect
set
−f
f o r c e_c o n s e r v a t i v e 1 ;
set timeout 2
spawn s s h −T − l LOGIN HOST
e x p e c t " password : $ "
send "MOTDEPASSE\n"
interact
17.3 backupSyst
#! / b i n / sh
#i n i t i a l i z a t i o n
HOME=/home/manu
E. Branlard
128
f o l d e r=backup_data /
mydate=$ ( d a t e +%Y−%m−%d−%H%M)
f o l d e r=$HOME" / C o n f i g / " $ f o l d e r $ mydate
mkdir −p $ f o l d e r
cd $ f o l d e r
echo $ f o l d e r
#c r e a t i n g a r b o r e s c e n c e
mkdir −p home/ c o n f i g
mkdir −p home/ l o c a l / s h a r e / rhythmbox
mkdir −p home/ m o z i l l a / f i r e f o x /
mkdir −p e t c / network
mkdir −p l o g
mkdir e t c / e v e n t . d
mkdir e t c / grub . d /
mkdir e t c / c r o n . d a i l y /
mkdir e t c / c r o n . weekly /
mkdir e t c /X11
mkdir e t c / apt
mkdir e t c / texmf
mkdir e t c / samba
mkdir e t c / d e f a u l t
mkdir e t c / s s h
mkdir e t c / apache2
mkdir e t c / l o g r o t a t e . d
mkdir −p l i b / l s b /
mkdir e t c / p r o f t p d
mkdir e t c / f a i l 2 b a n
#mkdir −p e t c /gdm/ I n i t /
# l i s t e des paquets
dpkg −−get − s e l e c t i o n s > l i s t e −p a q u e t s . dpkg
#home f o l d e r
cp $HOME/ C o n f i g / p r o f i l e s / bash * home /
cp $HOME/ . vimrc home / vimrc
cp − r $HOME/ . vim / home / vim
cp $HOME/ . x i n i t r c home / x i n i t r c
cp $HOME/ . X d e f a u l t s home / X d e f a u l t s
cp $HOME/ . c o n k y r c home / c o n k y r c
cp $HOME/ . a s o u n d r c home / a s o u n d r c
cp − r $HOME/ . c o n f i g / * home / c o n f i g /
cp $HOME/ . l o c a l / s h a r e / rhythmbox / * . xml home / l o c a l / s h a r e / rhythmbox /
#cp −r $HOME/ . m o z i l l a / f i r e f o x home / m o z i l l a / f i r e f o x
#system
cp / e t c / f s t a b e t c / f s t a b
cp / e t c / modules e t c / modules
#cp / e t c / e v e n t . d / t t y 1 e t c / e v e n t . d / t t y 1
cp / e t c / i s s u e e t c / i s s u e
cp / e t c / i n i t t a b e t c /
cp / e t c / s u d o e r s e t c
cp / e t c / group e t c /
cp / e t c / passwd e t c / passwd
E. Branlard
129
. d a i l y /* e t c / c r o n . d a i l y /
. weekly /* e t c / c r o n . weekly /
cp / e t c / l o g r o t a t e . c o n f e t c / l o g r o t a t e . c o n f
cp / e t c / l o g r o t a t e . d / r s y s l o g e t c / l o g r o t a t e . d / r s y s l o g
cp / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
cp / e t c / X11 / xorg . c o n f
e t c /X11/ xorg . c o n f
cp / e t c / apt / s o u r c e s . l i s t e t c / apt / s o u r c e s . l i s t
cp / e t c / apt / p r e f e r e n c e s e t c / apt / p r e f e r e n c e s
#cp / b o o t / g r u b /menu . l s t menu . l s t
cp / boot / grub / grub . c f g grub . c f g
cp / e t c / grub . d / * e t c / grub . d /
cp / e t c / s y s c t l . c o n f e t c /
cp / e t c / d e f a u l t / r c S e t c / d e f a u l t / r c S
cp / l i b / l s b / i n i t − f u n c t i o n s l i b / l s b /
cp / e t c / c r o n
cp / e t c / c r o n
#programs
cp / e t c / l a t e x 2 h t m l . c o n f e t c /
cp / e t c / texmf / texmf . c n f
e t c / texmf / texmf . c n f
cp / e t c / samba /smb . c o n f e t c / samba /
cp −R / e t c / apache2 / * e t c / apache2 /
cp / e t c / s s h / s s h d_c o n f i g e t c / s s h /
#cp / e t c /gdm/ I n i t / D e f a u l t e t c /gdm/ I n i t / D e f a u l t
cp / e t c / p r o f t p d / p r o f t p d . c o n f e t c / p r o f t p d /
cp / e t c / p r o f t p d / msg / * e t c / p r o f t p d
cp / e t c / f a i l 2 b a n / j a i l . l o c a l e t c / f a i l 2 b a n
#p r o c e s s u s i n i t
cp −R / e t c / i n i t . d e t c / i n i t . d
cp −R / e t c / r c 0 . d e t c / r c 0 . d
cp −R / e t c / r c S . d e t c / r c S . d
#l o g s
cp / var / l o g / dmesg l o g / dmesg
cp / var / l o g / daemon . l o g l o g / daemon . l o g
cp / var / l o g / me ssa ges l o g / me ssa ges
cp / var / l o g / s y s l o g l o g / s y s l o g
cp / var / l o g / kern . l o g l o g / kern . l o g
cp / var / l o g / a p t i t u d e l o g /
#G i v i n g r i g h t s t o a l l f i l e s
cd . . / . . /
chown −R manu : manu $ f o l d e r
17.4 RisoUnMount
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
E. Branlard
130
# Default script :
#############################################################
umount /mnt/R−home/
umount /mnt/S−group /
umount /mnt/T−apps /
umount /mnt/U−garb /
17.5 showTag
#############################################################
# Show Tag
#############################################################
# Description : n o t i f y audio t a g s
# Written by : Emmanuel Branlard
# Date : March 2011
# Dependencies :
# L i c e n s e : F e e l f r e e t o modify and a d a p t i t
# Note :
#############################################################
import mutagen
import o p t p a r s e
import s u b p r o c e s s
parser = optparse . OptionParser ( )
( o p t i o n s , a r g s ) = p a r s e r . p a r s e_a r g s ( )
d e f getKey ( audio , key ) :
try :
f=a u d i o [ key ] . pop ( ) . encode ( ' u t f − 8 ')
e x c e p t KeyError :
p r i n t " caught "
f=""
return ( f )
a u d i o=mutagen . F i l e ( a r g s [ 0 ] , e a s y=True )
a r t i s t=getKey ( audio , ' a r t i s t ' )
album=getKey ( audio , ' album ' )
s o n g t i t l e=getKey ( audio , ' t i t l e ' )
g e n r e=getKey ( audio , ' genre ' )
y e a r=getKey ( audio , ' date ' )
print ar t is t
print songtitle
p r i n t album
print genre
print year
s u b p r o c e s s . c a l l ( [ " n o t i f y −send " , a r t i s t+" \n"+s o n g t i t l e+" \n"+album+" \n"+g e n r e
+" \n"+y e a r ] )
17.6 syncStorage
#! / b i n / sh
# S o u l d be run as u s e r
E. Branlard
131
#v a r i a b l e s
OPTS="−av "
DEST=/ media / S t o r a g e
##############
# DATAWIN
##############
SRC=/ media / DataWin
#w i t h o u t d e l e t i o n
r s y n c $OPTS $SRC/ Etudes /
r s y n c $OPTS $SRC/ Images /
$DEST/ Etudes /
$DEST/ Images /
#w i t h d e l e t e p r o p a g a t i o n
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ C o n f i g / $DEST/ C o n f i g /
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ Data / $DEST/ Data /
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ I n f o r m a t i q u e / $DEST/ I n f o r m a t i q u e /
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ Musique / $DEST/ Musique /
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e " $SRC/ Musique − Data / " " $DEST/ Musique − Data / "
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e " $SRC/ Musique C l a s s i q u e / " " $DEST/ Musique C l a s s i q u e / "
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ P r o j e t s / $DEST/ P r o j e t s /
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/Work/ $DEST/Work/
##############
# Linux
##############
SRC=/home/manu
#w i t h o u t d e l e t i o n
r s y n c $OPTS $SRC/ S i t e s /
$DEST/ S i t e s /
#w i t h d e l e t e p r o p a g a t i o n
r s y n c $OPTS −− d e l e t e $SRC/ C o n f i g / " $DEST/ C o n f i g − Linux / "
17.7 audioInfo
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
# a u d i o I n f o : p r i n t s a u d i o i n f o , metadata , b i t r a t e
#############################################################
# Description :
# Date : March 2011
# Dependencies :
# Note :
#############################################################
Duration =` ffmpeg − i " $@" 2>&1 | g r e p Duration | awk −F" : | , " ' { p r i n t $ 3 " : "
i n t ($4) } ' `
MetaData=` ffmpeg − i " $@" 2>&1 | g r e p −E " a r t i s t | t i t l e | album | g e n r e |TYER"
| awk −F : ' { p r i n t "
"$ 2 } ' `
E. Branlard
132
Stream =` ffmpeg − i " $@" 2>&1 | g r e p Stream |
$ 4 " \n
"$ 5 } ' `
awk
−F , ' { p r i n t
B i t r a t e =` ffmpeg − i " $@" 2>&1 | awk ' / b i t r a t e : / { p r i n t
$6 "
$ 1 " \n
"$2
$3
"$ 7 } ' `
#x a r g s −0
echo $ Duration
echo $ Stream
echo $ MetaData
Out="MetaData :
$ MetaData
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Length : $ Duration
Bitrate : $Bitrate
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Audio :
$ Stream "
n o t i f y −send − t 3000 − i gnome−volume− c o n t r o l " $ Out"
17.8 shrinkFig2
#! / b i n / sh
#############################################################
# S h r i n k Fig
#############################################################
# D e s c r i p t i o n : S h r i n k F i g u r e t o 60%
# Date : March 2011
# Dependencies : image magick
#############################################################
for i
do
m o g r i f y − r e s i z e 60%
$i
done
17.9 ifort-setup
#! / b i n / bash
source / opt / i n t e l / Compiler / 1 1 . 1 / 069 / b i n / i f o r t v a r s
. sh
ia32
17.10 texclean
#!
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
/ b i n / bash
* . aux
* . toc
* . log
* . bbl
* . out
* . cb
E. Branlard
133
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
rm
* . blg
*. lot
*. lof
* . tps
* . maf
*. ilg
* . glo
* . mtc *
* . ptc*
* . bmt
* . idx
* . ind
* . snm
* . nav
* . cb2
17.11 sendit
#! / b i n / sh
#############################################################
# Send I t
#############################################################
# D e s c r i p t i o n : Send f i l e by e m a i l
# Date : October 2011
# Dependencies : mutt
#############################################################
#n o t i f y −send " Email t o : $ a $ 1"
mydate=$ ( d a t e +%Y−%m−%d−%H%M−%S ) ;
xterm −geometry 30 x2+550+400 +sb −e ' echo " e m a i l a d d r e s s " ; read a ; echo $ a>/
tmp/ s e n d i t $ mydate . tmp ' ;
#xterm − geometry 30 x2+550+400 +s b −e ' a=EMAIL@gmail . com ; mydate=$ ( d a t e +%Y
−%m−%d−%H%M−%S ) ; echo $ a>/ tmp / s e n d i t $ mydate . tmp ; a ' ;
export
t o =` c a t
/tmp/ s e n d i t $ mydate
. tmp ` ;
n o t i f y −send " $ t o
$@"
− i mail −attachment − t 3 0 0 0 ;
" Hi
I a t t a c h e d $# F i l e ( s ) t o t h i s e m a i l .
Best ,
Emmanuel
echo
Sent with my geeky s h e l l s c r i p t " | mutt −a " $@" − s " Sent f i l e ( s ) ( $ 1 ) " −−
$to ;
rm /tmp/ s e n d i t $ mydate
. tmp
n o t i f y −send " F i l e s e n t !
$@" − t 3000 − i mail −f o r w a r d
E. Branlard
134
17.12 topdf
#!
if
/ b i n / bash
[
$#
− eq 0 ]
then
F i l e s=* . png
F i l e s=" $ F i l e s "
else
l=$@
B u f f=" "
First =''
for i in
$l
do
[
if
!
` echo
$i
| g r e p −E " [ . ] [ a−zA−Z ] { 3 , 4 } $ " ` = " " ]
then
F i l e=" $ B u f f $ i "
B u f f=" "
F i r s t=" "
F i l e 2 =` echo $ F i l e | t r ' ' '_ ' `
#
i f [ $ F i l e != $ F i l e 2 ]
then
mv
"$ F i l e "
$File2
fi
#
F i l e s=" $ F i l e s
$File2 "
else
if
[ −z
${ F i r s t }
]
then
B u f f=" $ i "
F i r s t="no"
else
B u f f=" $ B u f f
$i
"
fi
fi
done
#
echo
$Files
F i l e O u t =` echo
$Files
fi
| g r e p −Eo " ^ [ a−Z0 −9\_ − ] * [ . ] " | t r '_ ' ' ' ` " pdf "
echo $ F i l e O u t
#c o n v e r t $ F i l e s " $ F i l e O u t "
c o n v e r t −page A4 − u n i t s P i x e l s P e r I n c h − n o r m a l i z e − d e n s i t y 100
FileOut "
$Files
"$
17.13 pdfFind
#!
/ b i n / bash
echo
SAVEIFS=$ IFS
E. Branlard
135
for
2>
/ dev / n u l l
`
do
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
"$ i " ;
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
# s t r i n g s "$ i " | g r e p $1
done ;
IFS=$SAVEIFS
echo
echo
$1
17.14 GETAPTKEY
#! / b i n / sh
# @(#) TITLE MESSAGE: R e c u p e r a t i o n d e s c l e s GPG e t e x p o r t a t i o n v e r s a p t
# @(#) F e i l o n g v e r s i o n 05 / 01 / 2009
# @(#) S y n t a x e : GETKEY KEY
# @(#) MACHINE VM DEBIAN l e n n y
i f [ $ ( i d −u ) != " 0 " ] ; then
echo âSeul r o o t peut e x e c u t e r c e s h e l l â >&2
exit 1
fi
if
[
echo
exit
$#
−ne 1 ] ; t h e n
âsyntaxe : GETKEY <v o t r e c l e >â
1
fi
gpg â k e y s e r v e r hkp : //wwwkeys . eu . pgp . n e t ârecv −k e y s $ 1
i f [ $ ? −ne 0 ] ; then
echo â Une e r r e u r e s t survenu pendant l e tÃ©lÃ©chargement de l a clÃ©â
exit 1
fi
gpg âarmor âexport $ 1 | apt −key add −
i f [ $ ? −ne 0 ] ; then
echo â Une e r r e u r e s t survenu pendant lâexport de l a c l Ã © v e r s aptâ
exit 1
fi
apt −g e t update
17.15 shrinkFig
#! / b i n / sh
#############################################################
# S h r i n k Fig
#############################################################
# D e s c r i p t i o n : S h r i n k F i g u r e t o 40%
# Date : March 2011
# Dependencies : image magick
#############################################################
for i
do
m o g r i f y − r e s i z e 40%
$i
done
E. Branlard
136
17.16 svg2latex.py
'''
Copyright (C) 2 0 0 8 , 2 0 0 9 , 2 0 1 0 Richard Henwood , rjhenwood@yahoo . co . uk
This program i s f r e e s o f t w a r e ; you can r e d i s t r i b u t e i t and / o r modify
i t under t h e terms o f t h e GNU G e n e r a l P u b l i c L i c e n s e a s p u b l i s h e d by
t h e Free S o f t w a r e Foundation ; e i t h e r v e r s i o n 2 o f t h e L i c e n s e , o r
( a t your o p t i o n ) any l a t e r v e r s i o n .
This program i s d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h e hope t h a t i t w i l l be u s e f u l ,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; w i t h o u t even t h e i m p l i e d warranty o f
MERCHANTABILITY o r FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See t h e
GNU G e n e r a l P u b l i c L i c e n s e f o r more d e t a i l s .
You s h o u l d have r e c e i v e d a copy o f t h e GNU G e n e r a l P u b l i c L i c e n s e
a l o n g with t h i s program ; i f not , w r i t e t o t h e Free S o f t w a r e
Foundation , I n c . , 59 Temple Place , S u i t e 3 3 0 , Boston , MA 02111 − 1307
USA
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
'''
# We w i l l use i n e x module w i t h p r e d e f i n e d e f f e c t b a s e c l a s s .
import s t r i n g
from o p t p a r s e import O p t i o n P a r s e r
from xml . dom . minidom import p a r s e , p a r s e S t r i n g , Node
from s t r i n g import Template
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
pprint
re
sys
o s . path
math
subprocess
tempfile
shutil
platform
class svg2latex () :
""" Constructor .
D e f i n e s "−−what" o p t i o n o f a s c r i p t . "" "
myHorizontalFudgePX = −8 # we have t o knudge t e x t o v e r a b i t t o g e t
i t to align h o r i z o n t a l l y .
#f l o w_x_ o f f s e t = − 3.47433
#f l o w_y_ o f f s e t = 9.4698369
f l o w_x_ o f f s e t = 0 . 0
f l o w_y_ o f f s e t = 0 . 0
#####################################################################
d e f s v g f i l e _h a n d l e r ( o p t i o n , opt , val ue , p a r s e r ) :
p r i n t ( " o p t i o n = %s " % o p t i o n )
p r i n t ( " opt = %s " % opt )
p r i n t ( " v a l u e = %s " % v a l u e )
p r i n t ( " p a r s e r = %s " % p a r s e r )
E. Branlard
137
def
__ i n i t __(
self ) :
# Call base c l a s s construtor .
u s a g e = " "" Convert svg t o l a t e x p i c t u r e format and u s e
I n k s c a p e t o g e n e r a t e a pdf f o r a l l t h e b i t s
which a r e not t e x t .
− f [−− s v g f i l e ]
− l [−− l a t e x o u t f i l e ]
−o
−e
c r e a t e an e p s
<f i l e n a m e > s v g f i l e n a m e .
<f i l e n a m e > name f o r l a t e x output f i l e .
o v e r w r i t e t h e output f i l e s a u t o m a t i c a l l y .
f i l e i n s t e a d o f pdf .
A pdf f i l e i s a l s o c r e a t e d . This i s g i v e n t h e same name a s t h e
l a t e x o u t f i l e with t h e e x t e n s i o n ' pdf ' . This f i l e i s g e n e r a t e d by
I n k s c a p e , which must be on t h e path f o r t h i s s c r i p t t o work .
"""
p ar s e r = OptionParser ( usage )
p a r s e r . add_o p t i o n ( "− f " , "−− s v g f i l e " , d e s t=" s v g f i l e n a m e " ,
h e l p=" svg i n p u t f i l e " )
p a r s e r . add_o p t i o n ( "− l " , "−− l a t e x o u t f i l e " , d e s t=" l a t e x f i l e n a m e " ,
h e l p=" l a t e x f i l e t o output t o " )
p a r s e r . add_o p t i o n ( "−o " , "−− o v e r w r i t e " , d e s t=" o v e r w r i t e " ,
a c t i o n=" s t o r e_t r u e " ,
h e l p=" a u t o m a t i c a l l y o v e r w r i t e output " )
p a r s e r . add_o p t i o n ( "−e " , "−− e p s o u t p u t " , d e s t=" e p s o u t p u t " ,
a c t i o n=" s t o r e_t r u e " ,
h e l p="make e p s i n s t e a d o f pdf " )
( o p t i o n s , a r g s ) = p a r s e r . p a r s e_a r g s ( )
if
o p t i o n s . l a t e x f i l e n a m e i s None :
p r i n t ( "−− l a t e x o u t f i l e not s p e c i f i e d " )
sys . exit ( usage )
s e l f . latexfilename = options . latexfilename
l a t e x h e a d , l a t e x t a i l = o s . path . s p l i t ( s e l f . l a t e x f i l e n a m e )
i f ( l a t e x h e a d i s not None and l a t e x h e a d i s not " " ) :
l a t e x h e a d += o s . s e p
l a t e x r o o t , l a t e x e x t = o s . path . s p l i t e x t ( l a t e x t a i l )
s e l f . e p s f i l e o u t p u t = None
o p t i o n s . e p s o u t p u t i s None :
s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e = l a t e x h e a d + l a t e x r o o t + ' . pdf '
else :
s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e = l a t e x h e a d + l a t e x r o o t + ' . eps '
self . epsfileoutput = 1
if
s e l f . l a t e x s v g t m p = t e m p f i l e . NamedTemporaryFile ( d e l e t e=F a l s e )
o p t i o n s . s v g f i l e n a m e i s None :
p r i n t ( "−− s v g f i l e not s p e c i f i e d " )
sys . exit ( usage )
i f o p t i o n s . o v e r w r i t e i s None :
s e l f . autooverwrite = 0
else :
s e l f . autooverwrite = options . overwrite
if
E. Branlard
138
s e l f . svgfilename = options . svgfilename
p r i n t ( " svg f i l e n a m e = %s " % s e l f . s v g f i l e n a m e )
p r i n t ( " l a t e x image f i l e = " + s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e )
print ( " latex input f i l e = " + s e l f . la te xf ile nam e )
s e l f . origsvg = parse ( s e l f . svgfilename )
s e l f . notextsvg = parse ( s e l f . svgfilename )
# t h e s e namespaces are u s e f u l .
# xmlns : s o d i p o d i =" h t t p : // s o d i p o d i . s o u r c e f o r g e . n e t /DTD/ s o d i p o d i − 0.
dtd "
# xmlns : i n k s c a p e=" h t t p : //www. i n k s c a p e . org / namespaces / i n k s c a p e "
# xmlns=" h t t p : //www. w3 . org / 2000 / s v g "
#####################################################################
def tidyup ( s e l f ) :
o s . u n l i n k ( s e l f . l a t e x s v g t m p . name )
#####################################################################
d e f makePDF( s e l f ) :
# f i r s t , make a copy o f t h e s v g w i t h a l l t h e t e x t removed .
f o r e l e m e n t i n s e l f . n o t e x t s v g . getElementsByTagName ( " flowRoot " ) :
e l e m e n t . parentNode . removeChild ( e l e m e n t )
for
e l e m e n t i n s e l f . n o t e x t s v g . getElementsByTagName ( " t e x t " ) :
e l e m e n t . parentNode . removeChild ( e l e m e n t )
# and s a v e i t i n a temp f i l e
s e l f . notextsvg . writexml ( s e l f . latexsvgtmp )
s e l f . latexsvgtmp . c l o s e ( )
#
#
#
#
#
now c a l l i n k s c a p e w i t h t h i s f i l e t o produce a
pdf version .
TODO: t h i s i s a hard dependency on i n k s c a p e which might
be n i c e t o r e p l a c e w i t h c a i r o a t some l a t e r
date . . .
t e m p p d f f i l e = t e m p f i l e . NamedTemporaryFile ( d e l e t e=F a l s e )
temppdffile . close ()
exportcmd = "−−export −e p s "
i f s e l f . e p s f i l e o u t p u t i s None :
exportcmd = " −−export −pdf "
inkscapecmd = " i n k s c a p e "
i f p l a t f o r m . system ( ) == ' Windows ' :
inkscapecmd = "C: \ \ Program F i l e s \\ I n k s c a p e \\ i n k s c a p e . exe "
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e ( inkscapecmd+exportcmd+t e m p p d f f i l e . name+"−− f i l e "+
s e l f . l a t e x s v g t m p . name+" \n" )
s u b p r o c e s s . c a l l ( [ inkscapecmd , exportcmd , t e m p p d f f i l e . name , " −− f i l e
" , s e l f . l a t e x s v g t m p . name ] )
#p r i n t " c o p y i n g f i l e t o : " + s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e
s h u t i l . copy ( t e m p p d f f i l e . name , s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e )
E. Branlard
139
o s . u n l i n k ( t e m p p d f f i l e . name )
#####################################################################
def toLatex ( s e l f ) :
filename = s e l f . latexfilename
i f o s . path . i s f i l e ( f i l e n a m e ) and not s e l f . a u t o o v e r w r i t e :
sys . stderr . write (" File ' " + filename + " ' already e x i s t s .
Q u i t t i n g . \ n" )
sys . exit ( )
FILE = open ( f i l e n a m e , "w" )
# we need t o e x t r a c t t h e g l o b a l t r a n s l a t i o n o f t h e whole
# page .
dom1 = p a r s e ( s e l f . s v g f i l e n a m e )
#p p r i n t . p p r i n t ( dom1 )
e l e_g = dom1 . getElementsByTagName ( " g " ) [ 0 ]
e l e_svg = dom1 . getElementsByTagName ( " svg " ) [ 0 ]
p g h e i g h t = e l e_svg . a t t r i b u t e s [ " h e i g h t " ] . v a l u e
i f p g h e i g h t . e n d s w i t h ( "mm" ) :
p g h e i g h t = p g h e i g h t . r s t r i p ( "mm" )
pgheight = f l o a t ( pgheight ) * 3.5433
pgwidth = e l e_svg . a t t r i b u t e s [ " width " ] . v a l u e
i f pgwidth . e n d s w i t h ( "mm" ) :
pgwidth = pgwidth . r s t r i p ( "mm" )
pgwidth = f l o a t ( pgwidth ) * 3 . 5 4 3 3
l a t e x s t r = s e l f . page_i n f o ( pgwidth , p g h e i g h t )
# TODO, remove t h e g_t r a n s var from g l o b a l s c o p e .
f o r node i n dom1 . getElementsByTagName ( " flowRoot " ) :
g_t r a n s_x , g_t r a n s_y = s e l f . g e t_g_t r a n s ( node )
l a t e x s t r += " \n"
l a t e x s t r += s e l f . p r o c e s s_f l o w ( node , pgwidth , p g h e i g h t , g_t r a n s
_x , g_t r a n s_y )
l a t e x s t r += " \n"
f o r node i n dom1 . getElementsByTagName ( " t e x t " ) :
g_t r a n s_x , g_t r a n s_y = s e l f . g e t_g_t r a n s ( node )
l a t e x s t r += " \n"
l a t e x s t r += s e l f . p r o c e s s_t e x t ( node , pgwidth , p g h e i g h t , g_t r a n s
_x , g_t r a n s_y )
l a t e x s t r += " \n"
l a t e x s t r += " \\ end { p i c t u r e }\n"
l a t e x s t r += " \\ endgroup \n"
FILE . w r i t e l i n e s ( s t r ( l a t e x s t r . encode ( " u t f −8" ) ) )
FILE . c l o s e ( )
#####################################################################
d e f g e t_g_t r a n s ( s e l f , node ) :
#p p r i n t . p p r i n t ( node . t o x m l ( ) )
x_t r a n s , y_t r a n s = ( 0 , 0 )
while not node . nodeType == Node .DOCUMENT_NODE:
i f node . h a s A t t r i b u t e ( " t r a n s f o r m " ) == True :
#p r i n t " found t r a n s f o r m . . . "
E. Branlard
140
t r a n s_s t r = node . a t t r i b u t e s [ " t r a n s f o r m " ] . v a l u e ;
tmp_x , tmp_y = s e l f . g e t_t r a n s ( t r a n s_s t r )
x_t r a n s += tmp_x
y_t r a n s += tmp_y
node = node . parentNode
return x_t r a n s , y_t r a n s
d e f g e t_t r a n s ( s e l f , t r a n s_s t r ) :
t r a n s_s t r = t r a n s_s t r . r s t r i p ( " ) " )
x_t r a n s = 1 . 0
y_t r a n s = 1 . 0
i f " t r a n s l a t e " i n t r a n s_s t r :
#p r i n t " t r a n s l a t e ! s t r = " , t r a n s_s t r
t r a n s_s t r = t r a n s_s t r . l s t r i p ( " t r a n s l a t e ( " )
v a l u e s = t r a n s_s t r . s p l i t ( " , " )
else :
#p r i n t " not t r a n s l a t e ! s t r = " , t r a n s_s t r
t r a n s_s t r = t r a n s_s t r . l s t r i p ( " matrix ( " )
v a l u e s = t r a n s_s t r . s p l i t ( " , " )
# f i x the x , y i f there i s a s c a l e value included in the matrix
#p r i n t " v a l u e s = " , v a l u e s [ 0 ] , v a l u e s [ 3 ]
#v a l u e s [ − 2] = f l o a t ( v a l u e s [ 0 ] ) * f l o a t ( v a l u e s [ − 2])
#v a l u e s [ − 1] = f l o a t ( v a l u e s [ 3 ] ) * f l o a t ( v a l u e s [ − 1])
return
f l o a t ( values [ −2]) , f l o a t ( values [ −1])
d e f g e t_g l o b a l_t r a n s ( s e l f , t r a n s_s t r ) :
tmp_s t r = t r a n s_s t r . l s t r i p ( " t r a n s l a t e ( " )
tmp_s t r = tmp_s t r . r s t r i p ( " ) " )
return map( lambda x : f l o a t ( x ) , tmp_s t r . s p l i t ( " , " ) )
#####################################################################
d e f page_i n f o ( s e l f , pgwidth , p g h e i g h t ) :
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
SVG
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
pagestr
return
= ''
+= " \\ b e g i n g r o u p \n"
+= " \ s e t l e n g t h {\ u n i t l e n g t h } { 0 . 8 pt }\n" # t h i s i s s t a n d a r d
u n i t s , as PT.
+= " \\ b e g i n { p i c t u r e } ( "
+= s t r ( pgwidth )
+= " , "
+= s t r ( p g h e i g h t )
+= " ) \n"
+= " \ put ( 0 , 0 ) {\ i n c l u d e g r a p h i c s "
+= " { "
+= r e . sub ( r ' \ \ ' , r ' / ' , s e l f . l a t e x i m a g e f i l e )
+= " }}\n"
pagestr
#####################################################################
d e f p r o c e s s_s t y l e ( s e l f , s t y l e n o d e ) :
c o l o r = "{ black }"
f o n t S i z e = ""
c us t o m Co l o rs = " "
colorNum = 1
mboxcode = ' '
fontSizeInt = 1;
E. Branlard
141
fontSizeFloat = 10;
i f s t y l e n o d e i s not None :
for styleElement in s t r i n g . s p l i t ( stylenode ,
'; ') :
d i r e c t i v e , value = s t r i n g . s p l i t ( styleElement , ' : ' )
i f d i r e c t i v e == " t e x t − a l i g n " :
#p r i n t " d i r e c t i v e found : " , d i r e c t i v e , v a l u e
i f v a l u e == ' c e n t e r ' :
mboxcode = ' c '
e l i f v a l u e == ' end ' :
mboxcode = ' r '
else :
mboxcode = ' l '
i f d i r e c t i v e == " f i l l " :
i f r e . match ( r ' ^# ' , v a l u e ) i s not None :
c o l o r = " { i n k c o l " + ` colorNum ` + " } "
red = '0x ' + value [ 1 : 3 ]
green = '0x ' + value [ 3 : 5 ]
blue = '0x ' + value [ 5 : 7 ]
c us t o m Co l o rs += " \\ d e f i n e c o l o r { i n k c o l " + ` colorNum
` + " }{ rgb }{ "
c us t o m Co l o rs += ` e v a l ( r e d ) / 2 5 5 . 0 ` + ' , '
c us t o m Co l o rs += ` e v a l ( g r e e n ) / 2 5 5 . 0 ` + ' , '
c us t o m Co l o rs += ` e v a l ( b l u e ) / 2 5 5 . 0 ` + ' } \ n '
colorNum += 1
else :
c o l o r = "{" + value + "}"
i f d i r e c t i v e == " f o n t − s i z e " :
fontSize , f ont Si zeF lo at = s e l f . fontSizeLookup ( value )
#p r i n t " f o n t s i z e : " + f o n t S i z e
#p r i n t " f o n t s i z e f l o a t : " + f o n t S i z e F l o a t
return c o l o r , f o n t S i z e , customColors , colorNum , mboxcode ,
fontSizeFloat
#####################################################################
d e f p r o c e s s_t s p a n_t r a n s f o r m ( s e l f , t r a n s f o r m , tmpx , tmpy ) :
rotate = 0
transX = 0
transY = 0
i f t r a n s f o r m i s not None :
transArrTmp = r e . s p l i t ( r " [ , \ ( \ ) ] " , t r a n s f o r m )
transArr = [ ]
f o r e l e m e n t i n transArrTmp :
i f r e . s e a r c h ( '^[ − +]?\ d +\.?\ d * ' , e l e m e n t ) :
t r a n s A r r . append ( e l e m e n t )
transX = tmpx #f l o a t ( t r a n s A r r [ − 2])
transY = tmpy #f l o a t ( t r a n s A r r [ − 1])
i f r e . match ( r ' ^ matrix ' , t r a n s f o r m ) i s not None :
r o t a t e = s e l f . g e t_a n g l e ( t r a n s A r r [ 0 ] , t r a n s A r r [ 1 ] , t r a n s A r r
[ 2 ] , transArr [ 3 ] )
#
p r i n t " d e t e r m i n a n t= " , s e l f . g e t_d e t e r m i n a n t ( t r a n s A r r [ 0 ] ,
transArr [ 1 ] , transArr [ 2 ] , transArr [ 3 ] )
transX , transY = s e l f . do_t r a n s f o r m ( t r a n s A r r [ 0 ] , t r a n s A r r
[ 2 ] , t r a n s A r r [ 1 ] , t r a n s A r r [ 3 ] , tmpx , tmpy )
return r o t a t e , transX , transY
#####################################################################
# t h i s p r o c e s s e s <t e x t > dom e l e m e n t s .
# i t i s as u g l y as i t l o o k s .
# TODO: add code t o d e a l w i t h ' a l i g n −c e n t r e ' s t y l e .
E. Branlard
142
d e f p r o c e s s_t e x t ( s e l f , flowNode , imgWidth , imgHeight , g_x_t r a n s , g_y_
trans ) :
#t m p s t r = ' '
s t y l e = flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ " s t y l e " ]
c o l o r , f o n t S i z e , customColors , colorNum , mboxcode , f o n t S i z e I n t =
s e l f . p r o c e s s_s t y l e ( s t y l e . v a l u e )
put = Template ( '
\ put ( $ x , $ y ) ' )
r o t a t e , transX , transY = ( 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 )
tmpx = f l o a t ( flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ "x" ] . v a l u e )
tmpy = f l o a t ( flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ "y" ] . v a l u e )
if
flowNode . h a s A t t r i b u t e ( " t r a n s f o r m " ) :
t r a n s f o r m = flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ " t r a n s f o r m " ] . v a l u e
# t h i s i s a hack f o r t h e c a s e s where i n k s c a p e o p t i m i s e s
# a 180 o r o t a t i o n i n t o a s c a l e ( − 1, − 1)
i f transform . startswith ( " s c a l e ( " ) :
t r a n s f o r m = " matrix ( − 1 ,0 ,0 , − 1) "
r o t a t e , transX , transY = s e l f . p r o c e s s_t s p a n_t r a n s f o r m (
transform , 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 )
alltext = ' '
( x2 , y2 ) = ( None , None )
f o r e l e m e n t i n flowNode . getElementsByTagName ( " t s p a n " ) :
#x1 = ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " x " ] . v a l u e ) )
#y1 = ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " y " ] . v a l u e ) )
x1 = tmpx
y1 = tmpy
x2 = transX + x1 * math . c o s ( r o t a t e ) − y1 * math . s i n ( r o t a t e )
y2 = transY + x1 * math . s i n ( r o t a t e ) + y1 * math . c o s ( r o t a t e )
x2 += g_x_t r a n s
y2 += g_y_t r a n s
y2 = f l o a t ( imgHeight ) − y2
myWidth = f l o a t ( imgWidth )
if
mboxcode == ' c ' :
# t h i s b l o c k a d j u s t s x coord f o r
# c a s e s where we wish t o c e n t r e t h e t e x t .
x2 −= myWidth/ 2 . 0
if
element . hasAttribute ( " s t y l e " ) :
f o n t S i z e = s e l f . g e t_f o n t s i z e ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " s t y l e " ] .
val ue , f o n t S i z e )
e l e m e n t . f i r s t C h i l d i s not None :
a l l t e x t += " \\ t e x t c o l o r " + c o l o r + " {" + f o n t S i z e + " { " +
e l e m e n t . f i r s t C h i l d . data + " }}\\\\\ n"
if
# v s k i p −1cm
#p r i n t " t e x t : " + a l l t e x t + " g_pos " , g_x_t r a n s , g_y_t r a n s
#p r i n t "\n"
t x t = Template ( ' { \ \ r o t a t e b o x { ' + ` s e l f . toDEG( r o t a t e ) ` + ' } { \
makebox ( 0 , 0 ) [ t l ] { \ s t r u t {}{ $ t e x t }}}}%\n ' )
E. Branlard
143
miniPg = ' \ n
\\ b e g i n { minipage } [ h ] { ' + s t r ( myWidth * 0 . 8 ) + ' pt
}\\ v s p a c e {−2ex }\n '
i f mboxcode == ' c ' :
miniPg += ' \ \ b e g i n { c e n t e r }\n '
miniPg += a l l t e x t
miniPg += ' \ \ end { c e n t e r }\n '
e l i f mboxcode == ' r ' :
miniPg += ' \ \ b e g i n { f l u s h r i g h t }\n '
miniPg += ' \ \ end { f l u s h r i g h t }\n '
else :
miniPg += ' \ end { minipage } '
c u st o m Co l o rs + put . s u b s t i t u t e ( x=x2 , y=y2 ) + t x t . s u b s t i t u t e (
t e x t=miniPg )
return
#####################################################################
d e f p r o c e s s_f l o w ( s e l f , flowNode , imgWidth , imgHeight , g_x_t r a n s , g_y_
trans ) :
tmpstr = ' '
s t y l e = flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ " s t y l e " ]
c o l o r , f o n t S i z e , customColors , colorNum , mboxcode , f o n t S i z e I n t =
s e l f . p r o c e s s_s t y l e ( s t y l e . v a l u e )
put = Template ( '
\ put ( $ x , $ y ) ' )
#p r i n t " f l o w p r o c e s s i n g "
r o t a t e , transX , transY = ( 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 )
i f flowNode . h a s A t t r i b u t e ( " t r a n s f o r m " ) :
t r a n s f o r m = flowNode . a t t r i b u t e s [ " t r a n s f o r m " ]
r o t a t e , transX , transY = s e l f . p r o c e s s_t s p a n_t r a n s f o r m (
t r a n s f o r m . va lue , 0 . 0 , 0 . 0 )
for
e l e m e n t i n flowNode . getElementsByTagName ( " r e c t " ) :
x1 = ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ "x" ] . v a l u e ) )# + g_x_t r a n s +
s e l f . f l o w_x_ o f f s e t
y1 = ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ "y" ] . v a l u e ) )# + g_y_t r a n s +
s e l f . f l o w_y_ o f f s e t
x2 = transX + x1 * math . c o s ( r o t a t e ) − y1 * math . s i n ( r o t a t e )
y2 = transY + x1 * math . s i n ( r o t a t e ) + y1 * math . c o s ( r o t a t e )
x2 = x2 + g_x_t r a n s
y2 = y2 + g_y_t r a n s
#p r i n t " x2 : " , ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " x " ] . v a l u e ) ) , g_x_
t r a n s , transX , x1 , x2
#p r i n t " y2 : " , ( f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " y " ] . v a l u e ) ) , g_y_
t r a n s , transY , y1 , y2
y2 = f l o a t ( imgHeight ) − y2
tmpstr += put . s u b s t i t u t e ( x=x2 , y=y2 )
myWidth = f l o a t ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " width " ] . v a l u e )
alltext = ' '
e l e m e n t i n flowNode . getElementsByTagName ( " f l o w P a r a " ) :
i f element . hasAttribute ( " s t y l e " ) :
f o n t S i z e = s e l f . g e t_f o n t s i z e ( e l e m e n t . a t t r i b u t e s [ " s t y l e " ] .
val ue , f o n t S i z e )
i f e l e m e n t . f i r s t C h i l d i s not None :
for
E. Branlard
144
a l l t e x t += " \\ t e x t c o l o r " + c o l o r + " {" + f o n t S i z e + " { " +
e l e m e n t . f i r s t C h i l d . data + " }}\\\\\ n"
#p r i n t a l l t e x t
t x t = Template ( ' { \ \ r o t a t e b o x { ' + ` s e l f . toDEG( r o t a t e ) ` + ' } { \
makebox ( 0 , 0 ) [ t l ] { \ s t r u t {}{ $ t e x t }}}}%\n ' )
miniPg = ' \ n
\\ b e g i n { minipage } [ h ] { ' + s t r ( myWidth * 0 . 8 ) + ' pt
}\n '
i f mboxcode == ' c ' :
miniPg += ' \ \ b e g i n { c e n t e r }\n '
miniPg += ' \ \ end { c e n t e r }\n '
e l i f mboxcode == ' r ' :
miniPg += ' \ \ b e g i n { f l u s h r i g h t }\n '
miniPg += ' \ \ end { f l u s h r i g h t }\n '
else :
miniPg += ' \ end { minipage } '
tmpstr += t x t . s u b s t i t u t e ( t e x t=miniPg )
return c u st o m Co l o rs + tmpstr
#####################################################################
d e f g e t_f o n t s i z e ( s e l f , a t t , f o n t S i z e ) :
s i z e = a t t . p a r t i t i o n ( " f o n t −s i z e : " ) [ 2 ]
size = size . partition (" ; ") [0]
i f s i z e i s None :
return f o n t S i z e
return s e l f . f o n t S i z e L o o k u p ( s i z e ) [ 0 ]
def
do_t r a n s f o r m
( self , a ,b , c ,d , x , y) :
x2 = f l o a t ( a ) * f l o a t ( x ) + f l o a t ( b ) * f l o a t ( y )
y2 = f l o a t ( c ) * f l o a t ( x ) − f l o a t ( d ) * f l o a t ( y )
return ( x2 , y2 )
d e f undo_t r a n s f o r m ( s e l f , a , b , c , d , x , y ) :
x2 = f l o a t ( a ) * f l o a t ( x ) + f l o a t ( b ) * f l o a t ( y )
y2 = − f l o a t ( c ) * f l o a t ( x ) + f l o a t ( d ) * f l o a t ( y )
return ( x2 , y2 )
d e f g e t_d e t e r m i n a n t ( s e l f , a , b , c , d ) :
return f l o a t ( a ) * f l o a t ( d ) − f l o a t ( b ) * f l o a t ( c )
d e f g e t_a n g l e ( s e l f , x1 , x2 , y1 , y2 ) :
#s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e (" a n g l e '" + x1 + " ' . " + x2 + " ' . " + y1 + " ' . " +
y2 + " ' . " )
acosA = math . a c o s ( f l o a t ( x1 ) )
i f ( math . a s i n ( f l o a t ( x2 ) ) >= 0 ) :
return f l o a t ( acosA )
else :
return 2 * math . p i − f l o a t ( acosA )
d e f toDEG( s e l f , rad ) :
return 360 − 180.0 * rad / math . p i
def fontSizeLookup ( s e l f , pxSize ) :
E. Branlard
145
s i z e S t r = " \\ n o r m a l s i z e "
i f not r e . s e a r c h ( ' px $ ' , p x S i z e ) :
try :
f l o a t ( pxSize )
except ValueError :
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e ( " found u n u s u a l f o n t s i z e : " + p x S i z e + "
assuming ' \ \ n o r m a l s i z e ' m i s s i n g . \ n" )
return " \\ n o r m a l s i z e " , 10
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e ( " found u n u s u a l f o n t s i z e : " + p x S i z e + "
assuming ' px ' m i s s i n g . \ n" )
p x S i z e += "px"
#p r i n t " P x s i z e = " + p x S i z e
s i z e = r e . s p l i t ( r "px $ " , p x S i z e )
#p r i n t " s i z e = " + s i z e
size [0] = float ( size [0])
if size [ 0 ] < 7:
return " \\ t i n y " , s i z e [ 0 ]
if size [ 0 ] < 8:
return " \\ s c r i p t s i z e " , s i z e [ 0 ]
if size [ 0 ] < 9:
return " \\ f o o t n o t e s i z e " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 10:
return " \\ s m a l l " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 12:
return " \\ n o r m a l s i z e " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 14:
return " \\ l a r g e " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 18:
return " \\ Large " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 20:
return " \\LARGE" , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f size [ 0 ] < 24:
return " \\ huge " , s i z e [ 0 ]
i f s i z e [ 0 ] >= 2 4 :
return " \\Huge" , s i z e [ 0 ]
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e ( " found u n u s u a l f o n t s i z e : " + p x S i z e + " assuming
normalsize . ")
return " \\ n o r m a l s i z e " , 10
#\ t i n y 5 5
#\ s c r i p t s i z e 7 7
#\ f o o t n o t e s i z e 8 8
#\ s m a l l 9 9
#\ n o r m a l s i z e 10 10
#\ l a r g e 12 12
#\ Large 14 1 4 . 4 0
#\LARGE 18 1 7 . 2 8
#\ huge 20 2 0 . 7 4
#\Huge 24 2 4 . 8 8
#e l s e :
#
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e (" found u n u s u a l f o n t s i z e : " + p x S i z e + "
assuming n o r m a l s i z e . " )
#
r e t u r n "\\ n o r m a l s i z e " , 10
E. Branlard
146
s v g f i l e = svg2latex ()
s v g f i l e . toLatex ( )
s v g f i l e . makePDF ( )
s v g f i l e . tidyup ( )
p r i n t ( " completed " )
17.17 RisoMount
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
# Default script :
#############################################################
mount /mnt/R−home/
mount /mnt/S−group /
mount /mnt/T−apps /
mount /mnt/U−garb /
17.18 xfce4ToggleDesktop
#! / b i n / sh
i f xprop − r o o t
_NET_SHOWING_DESKTOP| e g r e p '= 1 ' ;
wmctrl −k o f f ;
then
else
wmctrl −k on ;
fi
17.19 pdfocr
#! / b i n / bash
echo " Usage : p d f 2 o c r . sh FILE . pdf l a n g "
i f [ −e tmp ] ;
then
echo
echo
echo
read
" F o l d e r tmp/ e x i s t s − Continue anyway ? " ;
" YES : P r e s s Enter " ;
" NO : P r e s s C t r l+C " ;
reply
else
mkdir tmp
fi
" "
"− E n t e r i n g f o l d e r tmp"
cd tmp
ERRORS=0
echo
echo
" "
"− B u r s t i n g with p d f t k . . . "
p d f t k " . . /$ 1 " b u r s t dont_ask
echo
echo
echo
for
" "
f i n pg_* . pdf
do
echo
E. Branlard
"− Pre− p r o c e s s i n g
$f
... ";
147
c o n v e r t − q u i e t −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e − d e n s i t y 300 " $ f " " $ f . png" ;
done
echo
for
" "
f i n pg_* . png
do
"− P r o c e s s i n g $ f . . . "
c o n v e r t " $ f " " $ f . bmp"
echo " Merging BMP and hOCR i n t o PDF f i l e . . . "
c u n e i f o r m − l $ 2 − f h o c r −o " $ f . html " " $ f . bmp"
c o n v e r t − b l u r 0 . 4 " $ f " " $ f . bmp"
OUT=$ ?
h o c r 2 p d f − i " $ f " − s −o " $ f . pdf " < " $ f . html "
OUT=` expr $ ? + $OUT`
i f [ $OUT − g t 127 ] ;
echo
then
echo " $ f " >> . . / e r r o r s . l o g ;
ERRORS=` expr $ERRORS + 1 ` ;
cp " $ { f%%. png} " " $ f . pdf "
fi
rm
− f " $ f . bmp"
done
" "
"− Binding with p d f t k . . . "
p d f t k pg_* . png . pdf output " . . /$1−OCR. pdf "
echo
echo
echo
[
if
" "
$ERRORS
−g t 0 ] ;
then
echo
cat
"− Number o f e r r o r s
. . /errors . log
$ERRORS"
fi
echo
"Done , s h o u l d I d e l e t e a l l t h e temporary f i l e s ? "
echo
reply
echo
read
rm
− r pg_*
17.20 pdfocr-tess
#! / b i n / bash
echo " u s a g e : p d f o c r . sh document . pdf \ " a u t h o r \ " \" t i t l e \ " "
# Adapted from h t t p : // b l o g . k o n r a d v o e l k e l . de / 2010 / 01 / l i n u x −ocr −and−pdf −
problem − s o l v e d /
# NOTE: This s c r i p t has been s u b s t a n t i a l l y m o d i f i e d / s i m p l i f i e d from t h e
original .
# This v e r s i o n does not a l l o w r o t a t i o n , l a n g u a g e s e l e c t i o n or c r o p p i n g .
# Those p a r a m e t e r s were a l l r e q u i r e d i n t h e o r i g i n a l , b u t I don ' t r e a l l y
need them .
# I f you can t h i n k o f a way t o make them o p t i o n a l , p l e a s e s h a r e .
# This v e r s i o n a l s o u s e s T e s s e r a c t , which I f i n d t o be s u b s t a n t i a l l y more
# a c c u r a t e than Cuneiform f o r E n g l i s h t e x t .
E. Branlard
148
# u s a g e examples :
#echo " InfoKey : Author " > i n . i n f o
#echo " I n f o V a l u e : $ 2" >> i n . i n f o
#echo " InfoKey : T i t l e " >> i n . i n f o
#echo " I n f o V a l u e : $ 3" >> i n . i n f o
#echo " InfoKey : C r e a t o r " >> i n . i n f o
#echo " I n f o V a l u e : PDF OCR scan s c r i p t " >> i n . i n f o
#p d f j o i n −− f i t p a p e r −− t i d y −− o u t f i l e " $ 1 . ocr1 . p d f " " pg_*− ocr . p d f "
#rm − f pg_*
#p d f t k " $ 1 . ocr1 . p d f " u p d a t e_i n f o doc_d a t a . t x t o u t p u t " $ 1 . ocr2 . p d f "
#p d f t k " $ 1 . ocr2 . p d f " u p d a t e_i n f o i n . i n f o o u t p u t " $1− ocr . p d f "
#rm − f " $ 1 . ocr1 . p d f " " $ 1 . ocr2 . p d f " doc_d a t a x . t x t i n . i n f o
#! / b i n / bash
echo " Usage : p d f 2 o c r . sh FILE . pdf l a n g "
i f [ −e tmp ] ;
then
echo
echo
echo
read
" F o l d e r tmp/ e x i s t s − Continue anyway ? " ;
reply
else
mkdir tmp
fi
" "
"− E n t e r i n g f o l d e r tmp"
cd tmp
ERRORS=0
echo
echo
" "
"− B u r s t i n g with p d f t k . . . "
p d f t k " . . /$ 1 " b u r s t dont_ask
echo
echo
echo
for
" "
f i n pg_* . pdf
do
echo "− Pre − p r o c e s s i n g $ f . . . " ;
# c o n v e r t − q u i e t −monochrome − n o r m a l i z e − d e n s i t y 300 " $ f " " $ f . png " ;
c o n v e r t − q u i e t − d e n s i t y 300 −depth 8 " $ f " " $ f . t i f "
done
echo
for
" "
f i n pg_* . t i f
do
"− P r o c e s s i n g $ f . . . "
t e s s e r a c t "$ f " "$ f " h o c r
echo " Merging BMP and hOCR i n t o PDF f i l e . . . "
h o c r 2 p d f − i " $ f " −o " $ f −o c r . pdf " <" $ f . html "
OUT=$ ?
i f [ $OUT − g t 127 ] ;
echo
then
echo " $ f " >> . . / e r r o r s . l o g ;
ERRORS=` expr $ERRORS + 1 ` ;
cp " $ { f%%. png} " " $ f . pdf "
fi
done
echo
E. Branlard
" "
149
"− Binding with p d f t k . . . "
p d f t k pg_* . png . pdf output " . . /$1−OCR. pdf "
echo
" "
echo
[
if
$ERRORS
−g t 0 ] ;
then
echo
cat
"− Number o f e r r o r s
. . /errors . log
$ERRORS"
fi
echo
"Done , s h o u l d I d e l e t e a l l t h e temporary f i l e s ? "
echo
reply
echo
read
rm
− r pg_*
17.21 PulseMediaKeys.sh
#! / b i n / bash
#### Create ~/ . p u l s e / mute i f not e x i s t s
l s ~/ . p u l s e / mute &> / dev / n u l l
i f [ [ $ ? != 0 ] ]
then
"false" >
echo
~/ .
p u l s e / mute
fi
####Create ~/ . p u l s e / volume i f not e x i s t s
l s ~/ . p u l s e / volume &> / dev / n u l l
i f [ [ $ ? != 0 ] ]
then
" 65536 " >
echo
~/ .
p u l s e / volume
fi
CURVOL=` c a t ~/ . p u l s e / volume `
MUTE=` c a t ~/ . p u l s e / mute `
if
[[
$1
#Reads i n t h e c u r r e n t volume
#Reads mute s t a t e
== " i n c r e a s e " ] ]
then
CURVOL=$ ( ( $CURVOL + 1 3 1 1 ) ) #3277 i s 5% o f t h e t o t a l volume , you can
change t h i s t o s u i t your needs .
i f [ [ $CURVOL − ge 95536 ] ]
then
CURVOL=95536
fi
elif
[[
$1
== " d e c r e a s e " ] ]
then
CURVOL=$ ( ( $CURVOL − 1 3 1 1 ) )
i f [ [ $CURVOL − l e 0 ] ]
then
CURVOL=0
fi
elif
[[
$1
== "mute" ] ]
then
if
[[
$MUTE
== " f a l s e " ] ]
then
E. Branlard
150
pactl
s e t −s i n k −mute 1 1
" t r u e " > ~/ . p u l s e / mute
i c o n=" audio −volume−muted"
n o t i f y −send − t 500 − i $ i c o n "Mute : on"
echo
exit
else
pactl
s e t −s i n k −mute 1 0
" f a l s e " > ~/ . p u l s e / mute
i c o n="audio −volume −low "
i f [ [ $CURVOL − ge 50000 ] ]
then
i c o n="audio −volume − h i g h "
e l i f [ [ $CURVOL − ge 30000 ] ]
then
i c o n="audio −volume −medium"
fi
a=00
p=` e x p r $CURVOL$ a / 65536 `
i c o n=" audio −volume−medium"
n o t i f y −send − t 1000 − i $ i c o n "Mute : o f f "
echo
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
exit
fi
fi
# a=00
# p=` e x p r $CURVOL$ a / 65536 `
# i c o n="audio −volume −low "
# i f [ [ $CURVOL − ge 50000 ] ]
# then
#
i c o n="audio −volume − h i g h "
# e l i f [ [ $CURVOL − ge 30000 ] ]
# then
#
i c o n="audio −volume −medium"
# fi
#echo $CURVOL
pactl
s e t −s i n k −volume
1 $CURVOL
> ~/ . p u l s e / volume # Write t h e new volume t o d i s k t o be read
t h e n e x t time t h e s c r i p t i s run .
# n o t i f y −send − t 500 − i $ i c o n " $ p%"
echo $CURVOL
17.22 alarmaniac
#! / b i n / sh
cd / home /manu/ C o n f i g / b i n / Alarmaniac /
java −j a r alarmaniac . j a r
17.23 keyboardSetup
#!
/ b i n / bash
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN KEYBOARD SETUP
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
echo
E. Branlard
151
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− END KEYBOARD SETUP
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
echo
17.24 pdfAutoRename
#!
/ b i n / sh
i i n * . pdf ; do
""
echo "
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
";
f i l e b a s e=$ { i %. * } ;
for
echo
INFO=` p d f i n f o " $ " i 2>/ dev / n u l l ` ;
FIRSTPAGE=` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | head −c 1 0 0 0 | t r −d ' [ * ] ' ` ;
T i t l e =` echo $INFO | awk −F " : " ' / T i t l e / { p r i n t $ 2 } ' `
Author =` echo $INFO | awk −F " : " ' / Author / { p r i n t $ 2 } ' `
S u b j e c t =` echo $INFO | awk −F " : " ' / S u b j e c t / { p r i n t $ 2 } ' `
Date=` echo $FIRSTPAGE | g r e p −E −o −− c o l o r=none " ( 1 8 | 1 9 | 2 0 ) [0 − 9]{2} " | x a r g s
| c u t −c 1 − 4`
### D i s p l a y i n f o r m a t i o n
echo F i l e i s : $ { i %. * } ;
echo T i t l e : $ T i t l e
echo Author : $ Author
echo S u b j e c t : $ S u b j e c t
echo Date : $ Date
### P r e d i f i n e d scheme
t i t l e =" − $ Date − " ` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | t r −d ' [ * ] ' | awk ' ! /
[ 0 − 9 . ] / ' | awk ' / . / ' | t r ' \ n ' ' ' | head −c 1 0 0 `
t i t l e R i s 1=" − $ Date − " ` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | t r −d ' [ * ] ' | awk ' ! /
Ris / ' | awk ' / . / ' | awk ' ! / [ , ] / ' | t r ' \ n ' ' ' | head −c 1 0 0 `
t i t l e R i s 2=" − $ Date − " ` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | t r −d ' [ * ] ' | awk ' ! /
Ris / ' | awk ' / [ A−Za−z0 − 9 . ] / ' | awk ' / . / ' | awk ' ! / [ , ] / ' | t r ' \ n ' ' ' |
head −c 1 0 0 `
t i t l e s a n d i a=" − $ Date − " ` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | t r −d ' [ * ] ' | awk '
! / [ 0 − 9 . ] / ' | awk ' ! /SANDIA REPORT/ ' | awk ' ! / U n l i m i t e d R e l e a s e / ' | awk ' /
. / ' | t r −d ' \ n ' | head −c 1 0 0 `
t i t l e b e g i n=" − $ Date − " ` echo $FIRSTPAGE | c u t −c 1 0 0 `
t i t l e u p p e r=" − $ Date − " ` echo $FIRSTPAGE | g r e p −E −o −− c o l o r=none " [ A−Z
] { 2 } [ A−Z ] * " | x a r g s | c u t −c 1 − 100 `
titleECN =` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | awk ' ! / [ 0 − 9 . ] / ' | awk ' / . / ' | t r ' \
n ' ' ' | head −c 6 4 | t r ' ' '_ ' `
### Making a c h o i c e
nchosen =1;
i f t e s t " ` echo $FIRSTPAGE | c u t −c − 11` " = "WIND ENERGY"
then
"Wind Energy P u b l i c a t i o n "
Date=` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − | awk −F " P u b l i s h e d " 'NR < 2 { p r i n t
2 } ' | g r e p −E −o −− c o l o r=none " ( 1 8 | 1 9 | 2 0 ) [0 − 9]{2} " `
T i t l e =` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − |awk 'NR==5 { p r i n t $ 0 } ' `
Author =` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 " $ i " − |awk 'NR==6 { p r i n t $ 0 } ' | t r −d ' [ :
punct : ] ' | c u t −c 1 − 30 `
echo
E. Branlard
$
152
t i t l e c h o s e n=" $ Author − $ Date − $ T i t l e "
nchosen=5
e l i f t e s t " ` echo $FIRSTPAGE | c u t −c − 11`" = "ECN"
then
t i t l e c h o s e n=titleECN
nchosen=8
e l i f [ −n " ` echo $ S u b j e c t | g r e p " J o u r n a l " ` " ]
then
"JOURNAL OF FLUID MEACHANICS"
Year=` echo $INFO | awk −F " : | " ' / C r e a t i o n D a t e / { p r i n t
}'`
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ Author " − " $ Year " − " $ T i t l e
nchosen=5b
e l i f [ −n " ` echo $FIRSTPAGE | g r e p " Ris " ` " ]
echo
$NF
then
"RISO INSIDE"
[ ` expr l e n g t h " $ t i t l e R i s 1 " ` − g t 12 ]
echo
if
then
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ t i t l e R i s 1
nchosen =2;
else
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ t i t l e
nchosen =1;
fi
e l i f [ −n " ` echo
$FIRSTPAGE |
g r e p "SANDIA" ` " ]
then
"SANDIA INSIDE"
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ t i t l e s a n d i a
nchosen=4
e l i f [ −n " ` echo $ S u b j e c t | g r e p " J o u r n a l " ` " ]
echo
then
"JOURNAL OF FLUID MEACHANICS"
Year=` echo $INFO | awk −F " : | " ' / C r e a t i o n D a t e / { p r i n t
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ Author " − " $ Year " − " $ T i t l e
nchosen=5b
e l i f [ −n " $ T i t l e " ]
echo
$NF}
'`
then
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ T i t l e ;
nchosen =5;
else
t i t l e c h o s e n=$ t i t l e ;
nchosen =1;
fi
if
[ ` expr l e n g t h " $ t i t l e " ` − l t 7 ]
then
nchosen =0;
t i t l e c h o s e n=" $ f i l e b a s e "
fi
t i t l e p d f i n f o=$ Author " −
$ Date
− "$ T i t l e
### User i n t e r a c t
echo "− C h o i c e s : "
echo 1 − $ t i t l e
echo 2 − $ t i t l e R i s 1
echo 3 − $ t i t l e R i s 2
echo 4 − $ t i t l e s a n d i a
echo 5 − $ t i t l e p d f i n f o
echo 6 − $ t i t l e b e g i n
E. Branlard
153
echo
7 −
$titleupper
8 − $ titleECN
""
echo " $ nchosen )−>" $ t i t l e c h o s e n
echo " "
echo "−Type e n t e r f o r d e f a u l t , number f o r c h o i c e , 0 f o r n o t h i n g "
read c h o i c e
i f [ −n " $ c h o i c e " ]
echo
echo
then
" Using c h o i c e $ c h o i c e "
in
0 ) d e s t=" $ f i l e b a s e " ; ;
1 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e " ; ;
2 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e R i s 1 " ; ;
3 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e R i s 2 " ; ;
4 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e s a n d i a " ; ;
5 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e p d f i n f o " ; ;
6 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e b e g i n " ; ;
7 ) d e s t=" $ t i t l e u p p e r " ; ;
8 ) d e s t=" $ titleECN " ; ;
esac
echo
c a se $ c h o i c e
else
" Using d e f a u l t : "
d e s t=$ t i t l e c h o s e n
echo
fi
# echo "mv $ i $ d e s t "
mv " $ i " " $ d e s t . pdf "
done
17.25 unix2win
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
# unix2win :
#############################################################
# D e s c r i p t i o n : mv i n p u t f i l e s from u n i x format t o windows c o m p a t i b l e
format
# Date : May 2011
# Dependencies :
# Example :
#
f i n d . /* − t y p e f − e x e c d i r unix2win {} \ ;
#############################################################
#############################################################
for f i l e ;
do
n e w f i l e =` echo
i f [ [ "$ f i l e "
$
f i l e | sed −e ' s / [ ^ a−Z_0 − 9\.
"$ n e w f i l e " ] ]
/ − ] // g
' ;`
!=
then
echo $
file ;
echo $ n e w f i l e
mv
;
"$ f i l e " "$ n e w f i l e " ;
fi
done
E. Branlard
154
17.26 formatWebVersion
#! / b i n / sh
#~
#~ cd D e b i a n u e l
#~ cp −r d e b i a n u e l d e b i a n u e l −bkp
#~
#~ cd d e b i a n u e l
#~
#~
#~ rename " s / html / php / g " * . html
#~ s e d − i " s / [ . ] html / . php / g " * . php
#~ s e d − i " s :< /HEAD> : : g " * . php
#~
#~
#~ o l d_v a l u e="<BODY >";
#~ new_v a l u e ="<? i n c l u d e ( ' . . /_i n c l u d e s / haut . php ' ) ;? >";
#~ s e d − i " s : $ o l d_v a l u e : $ new_v a l u e : g " * . php
#~
#~ o l d_v a l u e="<ADDRESS>";
#~ new_v a l u e ="<? i n c l u d e ( ' . . /_i n c l u d e s / b a s . php ' ) ; ?>";
#~
#~
#~
#~ o l d_v a l u e="</ADDRESS>";
#~ new_v a l u e ="";
#~
#~
#~
17.27 DoBootchart
#! / b i n / sh
#i n i t i a l i z a t i o n
HOME=/home/manu
f o l d e r=/home/manu/ C o n f i g / s c r i p t s / B o o t c h a r t
mydate=$ ( d a t e +%Y−%m−%d−%H%M)
cd $HOME
bootchart
cp
b o o t c h a r t . png
$ f o l d e r / b o o t c h a r t $ mydate
. png
17.28 Terminator.sh
#! / b i n / bash
# echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN TERMINATOR
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
# #x=` xrandr −− q u e r y | g r e p 2720 | wc − l ` ; #home
# # sleep 5
E. Branlard
155
# echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN TERMINATOR
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
# x=` xrandr −− q u e r y | g r e p 3360 | wc − l ` ; #r i s o
# i f [ [ $x > 0 ] ]
# then
#
t e r m i n a t o r −−geometry +2000 −m − l 4 terms
/ home /manu/ C o n f i g / b u i l d s / t e r m i n a t o r / t e r m i n a t o r − 0.95 / t e r m i n a t o r −−
geometry +2000 −m − l 4 terms
# else
#
t e r m i n a t o r −m − l 4 terms
# fi
# Screen 0 : minimum 2720 x 1024 , c u r r e n t 2720 x 1024 , maximum 2720 x 1024
# d e f a u l t c o n n e c t e d 2720 x1024+0+0 0mm x 0mm
#
2720 x1024
50.0*
17.29 svg2png
#! / b i n / bash
#################################################
# WHAT i s s v g 2 p n g ?
# S c r i p t t o c o n v e r t s v g f i l e s t o png
# s v g 2 p n g does not modify t h e f i l e which you s e l e c t , i t c r e a t e s a new f i l e
.
# I t cannot c o n v e r t a d i r e c t o r y b u t you can s e l e c t s e v e r a l f i l e s .
#################################################
#
INFO
# Author : yeKcim − yeknan@yahoo . f r − h t t p : // yeknan . f r e e . f r
# L i c e n c e : GNU GPL
# Dependency
#
zenity
#
inkscape
# Based on
# WOM_a u d i o c o n v e r t e r
# History
#
1 5 . 0 1 . 2 0 0 6 : v0 . 1 : F i r s t p u b l i c v e r s i o n
# Install
#
Put on ~/ . gnome2 / n a u t i l u s − s c r i p t s /
#
In a c o n s o l e : chmod u+x ~/ . gnome2 / n a u t i l u s − s c r i p t s / s v g 2 p n g
v e r s i o n=" 0 . 1 "
#################################################
# TRADUCTIONS
###### D e f a u l t = E n g l i s h #####
t i t l e =" svg2png " $ v e r s i o n " "
p l e a s e s e l=" P l e a s e s e l e c t a t l e a s t one f i l e . "
n o s e l e c=" " $ t i t l e " c o n v e r t s svg t o png . " $ p l e a s e s e l " "
nobin=" Program i n k s c a p e i s not i n s t a l l e d , p l e a s e i n s t a l l
warning="Warning"
c h o i x=" Export type ? "
drawing=" Drawing "
canvas=" Canvas "
e x p o r t o f=" P i c t u r e t o c o n v e r t : "
c a se $LANG i n
######## FranÃÂ§ais ########
fr* )
t i t l e =" svg2png " $ v e r s i o n " "
E. Branlard
!"
156
p l e a s e s e l=" Merci de s Ã Â © l e c t i o n n e r au moins un f i c h i e r . "
n o s e l e c=" " $ t i t l e " permet de c o n v e r t i r d e s svg en png . " $ p l e a s e s e l " "
warning=" A t t e n t i o n "
nobin="Le programme i n k s c a p e n ' e s t pas i n s t a l l Ã Â © , v e u i l l e z l '
installer !"
c h o i x="Type d ' e x p o r t ? "
drawing=" D e s s i n "
canvas=" Page "
e x p o r t o f=" Image Ã c o n v e r t i r : " ; ;
esac
#################################################
# PROGRAMME
######## Test dÃÂ©pendance ########
which i n k s c a p e 2>/ dev / n u l l
i f [ $ ? != 0 ]
then
z e n i t y −− e r r o r −− t i t l e =" $ t i t l e " −− t e x t=" $ nobin "
0
exit
fi
#### Pas de f i c h i e r s sÃÂ©lectionnÃÂ© ###
i f [ $# − eq 0 ] ; t h e n
z e n i t y −− e r r o r −− t i t l e =" $ warning " −− t e x t=" $ n o s e l e c "
exit 1
fi
######## Page / image ? ########
while [ ! " $ c h o i x u t i l i s a t e u r " ] # RÃÂ©afficher l a fenÃÂªtre t a n t que l '
u t i l i s a t e u r n ' a pas f a i t de c h o i x
do
c h o i x u t i l i s a t e u r =` z e n i t y −− t i t l e " $ t i t l e " −− l i s t −−column=" $ e x p o r t o f "
canvas $ drawing −− t e x t " $ c h o i x " `
###### Choix −> S o r t i e b o u c l e ######
if
[ $ ? != 0 ] ; then
exit 1
fi
[
$?
−ne 0 ]
&& e x i t
$
2 # Annulation
done
[
if
$choixutilisateur
==
$ drawing
type="−− export −area −drawing "
;
];
then
fi
######## RÃÂ©solution ? ########
while [ ! " $ r e s o l u t i o n " ] # RÃÂ©afficher l a fenÃÂªtre t a n t que l '
u t i l i s a t e u r n ' a pas f a i t de c h o i x
do
r e s o l u t i o n =` z e n i t y −− e n t r y −− t i t l e " $ t i t l e " −− t e x t " RÃÂ©solution : " −−
entry − t e x t " 90 " `
###### Choix −> S o r t i e b o u c l e ######
if
[ $ ? != 0 ] ; then
exit 1
fi
[
$?
−ne 0 ]
&& e x i t
2 # Annulation
done
######## Export png ########
while [ $# − g t 0 ] ; do
E. Branlard
157
p i c t u r e=$ 1
png_ f i l e =` echo " $ p i c t u r e " | sed ' s / \ . \w*$/ . png / ' `
i n k s c a p e $type −−export−d p i=" $ r e s o l u t i o n " −−export−png=" $ png_ f i l e " " $
picture "
shift
done
17.30 m3u2xspf.py
#! / u s r / b i n / env python
#
# Convert an M3U p l a y l i s t t o XSPF.
#
# Usage : m3u2xspf o u t p u t . x s p f
#
# C o p y r i g h t ( c ) 2006 , M a t t h i a s F r i e d r i c h <matt@mafr . de>
#
# This program i s f r e e s o f t w a r e ; you can r e d i s t r i b u t e i t and / or modify
# i t under t h e terms o f t h e GNU General P u b l i c L i c e n s e as p u b l i s h e d by
# t h e Free S o f t w a r e Foundation ; e i t h e r v e r s i o n 2 , or ( a t your o p t i o n )
# any l a t e r v e r s i o n .
#
# This program i s d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h e hope t h a t i t w i l l be u s e f u l ,
# b u t WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; w i t h o u t even t h e i m p l i e d warranty o f
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See t h e
# GNU General P u b l i c L i c e n s e f o r more d e t a i l s .
#
__r e v i s i o n__ = ' $ Id : m3u2xspf , v 1 . 4 2007 / 03 / 30 1 6 : 3 1 : 0 3 m a t t h i a s Exp
matthias $ '
__v e r s i o n__ = ' 0 . 2 '
import
import
import
import
import
import
sys
urllib
urlparse
o s . path
optparse
xml . sax . s a x u t i l s a s s a x u t i l s
c l a s s XmlWriter ( o b j e c t ) :
d e f __ i n i t __( s e l f , outStream , indentAmount ='
s e l f ._out = outStream
s e l f ._indentAmount = indentAmount
s e l f ._s t a c k = [ ]
') :
d e f p r o l o g ( s e l f , e n c o d i n g ='UTF− 8 ' , v e r s i o n = ' 1 . 0 ' ) :
p i = '<?xml v e r s i o n="%s " e n c o d i n g="%s "?>' % ( v e r s i o n , e n c o d i n g )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( p i + ' \ n ' )
d e f s t a r t ( s e l f , name , a t t r s ={ } ) :
i n d e n t = s e l f ._g e t I n d e n t i o n ( )
s e l f ._s t a c k . append ( name )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( i n d e n t + s e l f ._makeTag ( name , a t t r s ) + ' \ n ' )
d e f end ( s e l f ) :
name = s e l f ._s t a c k . pop ( )
i n d e n t = s e l f ._g e t I n d e n t i o n ( )
E. Branlard
158
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( '% s</%s >\n ' % ( i n d e n t , name ) )
d e f elem ( s e l f , name , value , a t t r s ={ } ) :
# d e l e t e a t t r i b u t e s w i t h an u n s e t v a l u e
for ( k , v ) in a t t r s . items ( ) :
i f v i s None o r v == ' ' :
del attrs [ k ]
v a l u e i s None o r v a l u e == ' ' :
l e n ( a t t r s ) == 0 :
if
if
return
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( s e l f ._g e t I n d e n t i o n ( ) )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( s e l f ._makeTag ( name , a t t r s , True ) + ' \ n ' )
else :
escValue = s a x u t i l s . escape ( value or ' ' )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( s e l f ._g e t I n d e n t i o n ( ) )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( s e l f ._makeTag ( name , a t t r s ) )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( e s c V a l u e )
s e l f ._out . w r i t e ( ' < /%s >\n ' % name )
def
_g e t I n d e n t i o n
return
( self ) :
s e l f ._indentAmount * l e n ( s e l f ._s t a c k )
d e f _makeTag ( s e l f , name , a t t r s ={ } , c l o s e=F a l s e ) :
r e t = ' < ' + name
for
if
(k , v) in attrs . iteritems () :
v i s not None :
v = saxutils . quoteattr ( str (v) )
r e t += ' %s=%s ' % ( k , v )
close :
if
return
else
:
return
r e t + ' / >'
ret + '>'
def createAnnotation ( url ) :
" " "Get f i l e name part , s p l i t o f f e x t e n s i o n , r e w r i t e u n d e r s c o r e s . " " "
path = u r l l i b . unquote ( u r l p a r s e . u r l s p l i t ( u r l ) [ 2 ] )
f i l e n a m e = o s . path . s p l i t e x t ( o s . path . basename ( path ) ) [ 0 ]
return f i l e n a m e . r e p l a c e ( '_ ' , ' ' )
#
# MAIN
#
optParser = optparse . OptionParser (
u s a g e='%prog [ − ah ] [ f i l e ] ' ,
v e r s i o n ='%prog ' + __v e r s i o n__
)
o p t P a r s e r . add_o p t i o n ( ' − a ' , '−− a n n o t a t i o n ' ,
a c t i o n =' s t o r e_true ' , d e s t ='add_a n n o t a t i o n ' ,
d e f a u l t=F a l s e , h e l p =' c r e a t e a n n o t a t i o n e l e m e n t s based on t h e f i l e name ' )
( o p t i o n s , a r g s ) = o p t P a r s e r . p a r s e_a r g s ( )
E. Branlard
159
#
# Write t h e p l a y l i s t i n XSPF format .
#
xml = XmlWriter ( s y s . s t d o u t , indentAmount ='
xml . p r o l o g ( )
xml . s t a r t ( ' p l a y l i s t ' , { ' xmlns ' :
})
xml . s t a r t ( ' t r a c k L i s t ' )
')
' h t t p : // x s p f . o r g / ns / 0 / ' , ' v e r s i o n ' :
'1 '
l i n e in sys . stdin :
l i n e = l i n e . r s t r i p ( '\n ' )
for
l i n e . s t a r t s w i t h ( '# ' ) or l e n ( l i n e . s t r i p ( ) ) == 0 :
if
continue
l i n e . s t a r t s w i t h ( ' h t t p : // ' ) :
url = line
else :
u r l = ' f i l e : // ' + u r l l i b . pathname2url ( l i n e )
if
xml . s t a r t ( ' t r a c k ' )
xml . elem ( ' l o c a t i o n ' , u r l )
if
o p t i o n s . add_a n n o t a t i o n :
xml . elem ( ' a n n o t a t i o n ' , c r e a t e A n n o t a t i o n ( u r l ) )
xml . end ( ) # t r a c k
xml . end ( ) # t r a c k L i s t
xml . end ( ) # p l a y l i s t
# EOF
17.31 tomp3
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
# To MP3
#############################################################
# D e s c r i p t i o n : au2mp3 m4a2mp3 wma2mp3 mp32mp3 f l v 2 m p 3 anything2mp3
# Date : Feb 2011
# Dependencies : ffpmeg , lame , sox , f a a d , mplayer
#############################################################
for i
do
# Out F i l e
j =` echo " $ i " | t r '_ ' ' ' `
j=$ { j %. * } . mp3
echo " F i l e $ j "
if
[ − f "$ j " ]
then
echo
" File exists
$j
−> s k i p p i n g "
else
E. Branlard
160
" F i l e d o e s not e x i s t s "
[ [ " $ i " == * . au ] ]
echo
if
then
sox " $ i " " $ i " . wav
ffmpeg − i " $ i " . wav −vn − a c o d e c libmp3lame −y " $ j "
rm " $ i " . wav
e l i f [ [ " $ i " == * . m4a ] ]
then
elif
f a a d −o − " $ i " | lame −h −b 192 − " $ j "
[ [ " $ i " == * . wav ] ]
then
elif
then
elif
then
elif
then
lame " $ i " " $ j "
[ [ " $ i " == * .wma ] ]
#wma > mp3 Rip w i t h Mplayer / encode w i t h LAME
mplayer −vo n u l l −vc dummy − a f r e s a m p l e =44100 −ao
pcm : waveheader " $ i " ;
lame " audiodump . wav" " $ j " ;
rm " audiodump . wav"
[ [ " $ i " == * . mid * ] ]
#
echo To be done
[ [ " $ i " == * . mp3 ] ]
#mp3 > mp3
lame " $ i " " audiodump . mp3"
mv " audiodump . mp3" " $ j "
else
"Format unknown" ;
ffmpeg − i " $ i " −vn −ab 128 k −ac 2 − a r 44100 −y " $ j
">/ dev / n u l l ;
echo
fi
fi
done
17.32 ECN-RenameByTitle.sh
#!
/ b i n / bash
i i n * . pdf ; do
""
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−" ;
echo $ { i %. * } ;
t i t l e =` p d f t o t e x t − f 1 − l 1 $ i − | awk ' ! / [ 0 − 9 . ] / ' | awk ' / . / ' | t r ' \ n ' '
' | head −c 6 4 | t r ' ' '_ ' `
mv " $ i " " $ { i %. * }_$ t i t l e . pdf "
for
echo
done
17.33 rhythmboxplaylist2exaile
E. Branlard
161
marker = 0
marker2 = 0
orderlist = []
a = open ( ' p l a y l i s t s . xml ' , ' r ' )
i f not o s . path . e x i s t s ( " p l a y l i s t s " ) :
o s . makedirs ( " p l a y l i s t s " )
os . chdir ( " p l a y l i s t s " )
z = open ( ' o r d e r_ f i l e ' , 'w' )
for l i n e in a . x r e a d l i n e s ( ) :
i f marker == 1 :
i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' < l o c a t i o n > ') != −1 and l i n e . r f i n d ( ' < / l o c a t i o n > ')
− 1:
l i n e = l i n e [ l i n e . f i n d ( ' < l o c a t i o n > ') + 1 0 : ]
l i n e = l i n e [ : l i n e . f i n d ( ' < / l o c a t i o n > ') ]
i f marker2 == 0 :
m = open ( name + '. p l a y l i s t ' , 'w' )
z . w r i t e ( name+'\n ' )
marker2 = 1
m. w r i t e ( l i n e +'\n ' )
e l i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' ') != − 1:
i f marker2 == 0 :
!=
continue
m. w r i t e ( 'EOF\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' random_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' random_mode=S : t r a c k \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' r e p e a t_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' r e p e a t_mode=S : p l a y l i s t \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' dynamic_e n a b l e d=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' c u r r e n t_pos=I : −1\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( ' name=U: '+name+'\n ' )
m. w r i t e ( '_i s_custom=B : True \n ' )
m. w r i t e ( '_n e e d s_s a v e=B : F a l s e \n ' )
m. c l o s e ( )
marker = 0
marker2 = 0
e l i f l i n e . f i n d ( ' ') == − 1:
l i n e = l i n e [ l i n e . f i n d ( ' < p l a y l i s t name=" ' ) + 1 6 : ]
line = line [ : line . find ( ' " ') ]
name = l i n e
marker = 1
a . close ()
z . w r i t e ( 'EOF\n ' )
z . close ()
17.34 rhythmboxstart
#! / b i n / sh
#l a u n c h i n g
rhythmbox&
#a f t e r a w h i l e u s i n g t h e c l i e n t t o p l a y
s l e e p 2 ; rhythmbox− c l i e n t −− p l a y −− h i d e&
E. Branlard
162
17.35 keywordsSetUp
#! / b i n / bash
SAVEIFS=$ IFS
echo
for
" Converting pdfs "
i i n ` f i n d −name " * . php" − p r i n t f '%h /%f \n '
2>
/ dev / n u l l
`
do
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
" Keywords $ i " ;
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−"
cp $ i " $ i . tmp"
c a t " $ i . tmp" | awk ' $ 0 ! ~ NAME=" keywords " { p r i n t $ 0 } ; $ 0
keywords " { p r i n t "<META NAME=\" keywords \ " CONTENT=\"
KEYWORDSSHOULDGOHERE\ ">" } ' >$ i
rm " $ i . tmp"
done ;
IFS=$SAVEIFS
echo
echo
~
NAME="
17.36 pm-inhibit.py
import dbus
import time
#import os
import s i g n a l , s y s
if
l e n ( s y s . argv ) != 3 :
s y s . s t d e r r . w r i t e ( ' Usage : pm− i n h i b i t . py <appname> <r e a s o n >\n ' )
sys . exit ( 1 )
d e f s i g h a n d l e r ( signum , frame ) :
dev . U n I n h i b i t ( c o o k i e )
exit ( )
bus = dbus . Bus ( dbus . Bus .TYPE_SESSION )
d e v o b j = bus . g e t_o b j e c t ( ' o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . PowerManagement ' , ' / o r g /
f r e e d e s k t o p / PowerManagement / I n h i b i t ' )
dev = dbus . I n t e r f a c e ( devobj , " o r g . f r e e d e s k t o p . PowerManagement . I n h i b i t " )
c o o k i e = dev . I n h i b i t ( s y s . argv [ 1 ] , s y s . argv [ 2 ] )
# g o i n g away from dbus when d i e i n g s h o u l d be enough , b u t be s u r e
s i g n a l . s i g n a l ( s i g n a l .SIGTERM, s i g h a n d l e r )
print cookie
while
1 == 1 :
time . s l e e p ( 3 0 )
17.37 pdfBind
#!
/ b i n / bash
E. Branlard
163
if
[
$#
− eq 0 ]
then
F i l e s=* . pdf
F i l e s=" $ F i l e s "
else
l=$@
B u f f=" "
First =''
for i in
$l
do
[
if
!
` echo
$i
| g r e p −E " [ . ] [ a−zA−Z ] { 3 , 4 } $ " ` = " " ]
then
F i l e=" $ B u f f $ i "
B u f f=" "
F i r s t=" "
F i l e 2 =` echo $ F i l e | t r ' ' '_ ' `
#
i f [ $ F i l e != $ F i l e 2 ]
then
mv
"$ F i l e "
$File2
fi
#
F i l e s=" $ F i l e s
$File2 "
else
if
[ −z
${ F i r s t }
]
then
B u f f=" $ i "
F i r s t="no"
else
B u f f=" $ B u f f
$i
"
fi
fi
done
#
echo
$Files
F i l e O u t =` echo
$Files
fi
| g r e p −Eo " ^ [ a−Z0 −9\_ − ] * [ . ] " | t r '_ ' ' ' ` " Bind . pdf "
echo $ F i l e O u t
pdftk
$Files
cat
output " $ F i l e O u t "
17.38 compilWebVersion
#! / b i n / bash
unalias grep
########################################################################
# Preliminary t e s t s
########################################################################
i f [ $# == 0 ]
then
echo
exit
;
"No arguments
!"
;
fi
c p t =` l s / u s r / b i n 2>/ dev / n u l l | g r e p gawk | wc − l `
i f [ $ c p t == 0 ]
E. Branlard
164
then
echo
exit
;
" I n s t a l l gawk
!"
;
fi
c p t =` l s / u s r / b i n 2>/ dev / n u l l | g r e p l a t e x 2 h t m l | wc − l `
i f [ $ c p t == 0 ]
then
echo
exit
;
" I n s t a l l latex2html
!"
;
fi
#
echo
cd $ 1
" Entering f o l d e r
$1 "
#
" Trying * r e p o r t * . t e x "
c p t =` l s * e p o r t * . t e x 2>/ dev / n u l l | wc − l `
echo $ c p t
i f [ $ c p t −ne 1 ]
echo
then
if
[
$cpt
−g t 0 ]
then
l s *eport* . tex
" Ambiguity on t h e main f i l e name
exit ;
echo
!"
else
" Trying * . t e x "
c p t =` l s * . t e x 2>/ dev / n u l l | wc − l `
echo $ c p t
i f [ $ c p t −ne 1 ]
echo
then
l s * . tex
" Ambiguity on t h e main f i l e name
exit ;
echo
!"
else
f =` echo * . tex ` ;
fi
fi
else
f =` echo * e p o r t * . tex ` ;
fi
""
"Main f i l e : $ f "
cp $ f $ { f / t e x / backuptex }
t i t l e =` g r e p t i t l e a $ f | awk −v FS=" [ { } ] " ' { p r i n t $ 4 } ' | xargs `
echo " T i t l e : $ t i t l e \n"
echo " "
echo " P r e s s ENTER i f e v e r y t h i n g ' s OK , C t r l+C o t h e r w i s e "
echo
echo
read
########################################################################
# Removing p d f
########################################################################
echo "##################################################################"
echo " C o n v e r t i n g pdf t o png"
E. Branlard
165
echo
rm
"##################################################################"
* . pdf 2>/ dev / n u l l
. . / pdf2pngCleanUp
########################################################################
# l a t e x work
########################################################################
echo "##################################################################"
echo " Formatting "
echo "##################################################################"
" Modifying f i g u r e width "
g r e p −nHFR \\\newcommand{\\\ f i t f i g } . /* > tmp . tmp
f f =`gawk −F : ' { p r i n t $ 1 } ' tmp . tmp `
i f ` t e s t −e $ f f `
echo
then
sed
− i " s / {\\\ f i t f i g }\[1\]{[#0 − 9\\\ a−zA−Z ] * } / {\\\ f i t f i g } [ 1 ] { 1 4 cm} / g "
$ff
fi
"Commenting x c o l o r "
g r e p −nHR . * { x c o l o r } . /* > tmp . tmp
i f ` t e s t −e $ f f `
echo
then
sed
− i " s / . * u s e p a c k a g e . * { x c o l o r } */%\\\ u s e p a c k a g e [ t a b l e ] { x c o l o r }
/g " $ f f
fi
" Modifying f o r p a r s h a p e "
g r e p −nHR . * \\\ p a r s h a p e . /* > tmp . tmp
i f ` t e s t −e $ f f `
echo
then
sed
− i " s / . * \\\ p a r s h a p e /%/ g "
$ff
fi
tmp . tmp
" Modifying $ f f o r u n d e f i n e d commands b e f o r e \ b e g i n { document } "
o l d_v a l u e=" . * \\\ b e g i n { document } " ;
new_v a l u e=" \\\newcommand{\\\ r o w c o l o r s } [ 3 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\
a r r a y r u l e c o l o r } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\ rhead } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\
h y p e r s e t u p } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\ l s t s e t } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\
framebox } [ 1 ] { # 1 } \\\ renewcommand {\\\ s c r i p t } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\
command } [ 1 ] { } \\\ renewcommand {\\\ d t u t e x t } [ 1 ] { # 1 \ \ \ par } \\\ b e g i n {
document } " ;
sed − i " s /$ o l d_v a l u e /$ new_v a l u e / g " $ f
rm
echo
"##################################################################"
" Running p d f l a t e x a f i r s t time on $ f "
echo "##################################################################"
pdflatex $f
echo
echo
echo
echo
echo
E. Branlard
"##################################################################"
" Running b i b t e x on $ f "
"##################################################################"
166
f f =* . aux
bibtex $ f f
"##################################################################"
" Running p d f l a t e x a s e c o n d time on $ f "
echo "##################################################################"
pdflatex $f
echo
echo
########################################################################
# l a t e x 2 html and p o s t f o r m a t t i n g
########################################################################
echo "##################################################################"
echo "Now Running l a t e x 2 h t m l "
echo "##################################################################"
" Running l a t e x 2 h t m l on f o l d e r $ 1 "
l a t e x 2 h t m l −html_v e r s i o n 4 . 0 , ISO −8859 −1 − a d d r e s s " " − s p l i t 2
mkdir − t " $ t i t l e "
echo
$f
−d i r
$1
−
"Done . I f r e s u l t s a r e bad , check t h a t t h e package x c o l o r has been
commented . "
echo
" Formatting "
− r $ 1 " $1−bkp"
cd $ 1
rename " s / html / php / g " * . html
sed − i " s / [ . ] html / . php / g " * . php
sed − i " s :< /HEAD> : : g " * . php
echo
cp
o l d_v a l u e="<BODY >" ;
new_v a l u e="<? i n c l u d e ( ' . . /_i n c l u d e s / haut . php ' ) ;? > " ;
sed − i " s : $ o l d_v a l u e : $ new_v a l u e : g " * . php
o l d_v a l u e="<ADDRESS>" ;
new_v a l u e="<? i n c l u d e ( ' . . /_i n c l u d e s / bas . php ' ) ; ?>" ;
o l d_v a l u e="</ADDRESS>" ;
new_v a l u e=" " ;
o l d_v a l u e="</ADDRESS>" ;
new_v a l u e=" " ;
########################################################################
# Keywords
########################################################################
echo "##################################################################"
echo " Keywords "
echo "##################################################################"
keywords =` c a t * php * | sed −e : a −e ' s / <[^>] *>// g ; /</N; // ba ' | t r ' ' ' \ n '
| t r −d ' [ : punct : ] ' | g r e p −v ' [ ^ a−z ] ' | g r e p −E ' [ a−z ] { 3 , } ' | t r ' [ :
upper : ] ' ' [ : l o w e r : ] ' | g r e p −v −w −E ' t h e | and | f o r | from | with | used | which |
a r e | t h a t | t h i s | w i l l | can | been | s h o u l d | u s i n g | a l l | one | two | t h r e e | has | taken |
where | made | a l s o | t h u s | though | have | when | not | such | f i g u r e | t a b l e | t h e s e | c o u l d
| s e e n | g i v e n | nbsp | l e s | d e s | from | d i f f e r e n t | e s t | dans | une | our | q u i | between |
E. Branlard
167
next | would | s o n t | i t s | s e e | son | p l u s | c a se | que | pour | s u i v a n t | nous | par | s u r |
each | but | than | o n l y | o t h e r | main | f i g u r e s | t a b l e s | more | t h e r e | v a l u e | v a l u e s |
were | was | low | h i g h | around | s i n c e | v e r y | o r d e r | p e r | i n t o | f i r s t | b e c a u s e | found |
them | done | good | t h e i r | r e a l l y | h e r e | g o t | b i g | b e t t e r | w e l l | away | shown | o v e r |
l i k e | while | w i t h i n | t a k e | due | any | then | under | same | much | most | both | s e c o n d |
l o t | u s e | g e t | pas | mais | a l o r s | peut | p l o t | l e f t | r i g h t ' | s o r t | uniq −c | s o r t
−rn | head −50 | sed ' s / ' [ \ 0 − 9] ' // g ' | x a r g s | sed ' s / [ \ ] / , / g ' `
echo
" Keywords :
$ keywords "
. . / . . / keywordsSetUp . sh
o l d_v a l u e ='KEYWORDSSHOULDGOHERE' ;
new_v a l u e=" $ keywords " ;
cd
../
#f i n a l c l e a n i n g
t e x c l e a n 2>/ dev / n u l l
17.39 LaunchSession.sh
#! / b i n / bash
if
[
$ 1 = " v o r t e x " ] ; then
DIR=" / work / p u b l i c a t i o n s / n o t e s / "
thunar " $DIR" ;
gvim −S " $DIR" " S e s s i o n V o r t e x . vim"
[
$ 1 = " v o r t e x c o d e " ] ; then
DIR=" / work / VortexCode / VortexElements / "
thunar " $DIR" ;
gvim −S " $DIR" " S e s s i o n . vim"
[
$ 1 = "momentum" ] ; then
DIR=" / work / p u b l i c a t i o n s / n o t e s / "
thunar " $DIR" ;
gvim −S " $DIR" " SessionMomentum . vim"
[
$ 1 = " book " ] ; then
DIR=" / work / p u b l i c a t i o n s / book / "
thunar " $DIR" ;
gvim −S " $DIR" " S e s s i o n . vim"
fi
if
fi
if
fi
if
fi
17.40 rhythmboxstartlong
E. Branlard
168
#! / b i n / sh
#l a u n c h i n g
rhythmbox&
#a f t e r a w h i l e u s i n g t h e c l i e n t t o p l a y
s l e e p 2 0 ; rhythmbox− c l i e n t −− p l a y −− h i d e&
17.41 convertEnc
#! / b i n / bash
#
# Conversion de t o u t e une a r b o r e s c e n c e d ' un encodage dans un a u t r e .
# Exemple d ' u t i l i s a t i o n :
# mise a j o u r de sa d i s t r i b u t i o n Linux de i s o −8859−1 v e r s UTF−8
#
# N e c e s s i t e : convmv e t i c o n v
#
# Utilisation :
# $ . / convertEnc . sh Documents / D i v e r s
#
# IMPORTANT : f a i t e s une c o p i e de v o s donnees e t t r a v a i l l e z s u r c e t t e
copie ! !
# ( Je ne peux e t r e tenu r e s p o n s a b l e s i vous corrompez v o s donnees , s o y e z
prudents )
#
# Ce s c r i p t ne demande qu ' a e t r e a m e l i o r e . . .
#
## P r o t e c t i o n c o n t r e l e s e s p a c e s ( JacquesF −> g u i l l e m e t s a u t o u r d e s
v a r i a b l e s ou c e l a n ' e t a i t pas f a i t )
#
# S e b a s t i e n de B o i s s i e u ( c ) 2006
# $ Id : convertEnc . sh , v 1 . 8 . 2 . 1 2007 / 03 / 17 2 2 : 3 9 : 2 9 s e b a s t i e n Exp $
# L i c e n c e : GPL 2
FROM=" i s o −8859 −1"
TO="UTF−8"
echo
" C o n v e r s i o n de
$FROM
en
$TO"
# Procedure pour renommer un f i c h i e r s i nom d e j a e x i s t a n t
renomme ( )
{
nbe=0
num="_$ nbe "
nouvnom=" $ 1 "
while [ −e " $ nouvnom" ] ;
do
l e t nbe=nbe+1
num="_$ nbe "
nouvnom=" $ 1 $num"
done
export
}
nouvnom
# Conversion r e c u r s i v e d e s noms de f i c h i e r s e t r e p e r t o i r e s
c o n v e r t_names ( )
{
E. Branlard
169
echo " C o n v e r s i o n d e s NOMS de f i c h i e r s e t r e p e r t o i r e s "
#convmv −r − f $FROM − t $TO −−qfrom −− q t o −− n o t e s t " $ 1"
convmv − r − f $FROM − t $TO −− n o t e s t " $ 1 "
echo " "
}
# Routine de c o n v e r s i o n du contenu d ' un f i c h i e r
do_c o n v e r t ( )
{
f i c =" $ 1 "
echo "
Fichier $ f i c "
# L e c t u r e du t y p e mime
encForm=` f i l e − b i " $ f i c " | awk −F " c h a r s e t=" ' { p r i n t $ 2 } ' `
if [ !
" $ encForm" = " " ] ; then
# l e f i c h i e r p o s s e d e un c h a r s e t
echo "
−> $ encForm"
i f [ ! " $ encForm" = " $TO" ] ; then
# ce c h a r s e t e s t d i f f e r e n t de c e l u i v i s e
# nom du f i c h i e r c o n v e r t i t e m p o r a i r e
renomme " $ f i c "_" $TO"
nouv_ f i c =" $ nouvnom"
# la conversion
i c o n v − f " $ encForm" − t $TO " $ f i c " −o " $ nouv_ f i c "
# r e u s s i t e ou e c h e c de l a commande c r u c i a l e ?
s t a t u s=$ ?
i f [ $ s t a t u s == 0 ] ; then
# Pour c o n s e r v e r l a / l e s d a t e ( s ) :
touch − r " $ f i c " " $ nouv_ f i c "
# Pour c o n s e r v e r l e p r o p r i e t a i r e
chown −− r e f e r e n c e " $ f i c " " $ nouv_ f i c "
# pour c o n s e r v e r l e s d r o i t s :
chmod −− r e f e r e n c e " $ f i c " " $ nouv_ f i c "
# on e c r a s e l ' a n c i e n f i c h i e r par l e nouveau
i f [ −w " $ f i c " ] ; then
### JacquesF
### Sur mes t e s t s , s i l e f i c h i e r n ' e s t pas a c c e s s i b l e en
ecriture
### un mv − f s u r l e f i c h i e r remplace p o u r t a n t c e l u i − c i (
d r o i t s d ' e c r i t u r e dans l e r e p e r t o i r e )
mv − f " $ nouv_ f i c " " $ f i c "
else
echo
echo
"Le f i c h i e r $ f i c n ' e s t pas a c c e s s i b l e en e c r i t u r e "
"Le f i c h i e r c o n v e r t i s e nomme $ nouv_ f i c "
fi
else
echo
echo
"
"
−> Echec :
$ nouv_ f i c
$fic
corrompu ? "
conserve . "
fi
fi
fi
}
# Conversion r e c u r s i v e du contenu d e s f i c h i e r s t e x t e
c o n v e r t_c o n t e n t ( )
{
#echo " Conversion du contenu d e s f i c h i e r s "
i f [ −d " $ 1 " ] ; then
# c ' e s t un r e p e r t o i r e
E. Branlard
170
if
[ −x " $ 1 " ] ; then
# On p e u t e n t r e r dans l e r e p e r t o i r e
echo " En tree dans : $ 1 "
### P r o t e c t i o n s i l e r e p e r t o i r e c o n t i e n t un e s p a c e
chemin_o r i g=" ` pwd ` "
cd −− " $ 1 "
# l i s t e c o m p l e t e ( avec f i c h i e r s c a c h e s )
# A t t e n t i o n : s i l i s t e t r o p l o n g u e ca p e u t p l a n t e r
# p a s s e r par x a r g s −−> man x a r g s
f o r f i c i n ` l s * . * | xargs ` ; do
i f [ $ f i c != " . " −a $ f i c != " . . " ] ; then
b a s e_ f i c =$ ( basename −− " $ f i c " )
#echo " $ f i c −> $ b a s e_ f i c "
echo " Analyse de : $ b a s e_ f i c "
# recursivite
i f [ −d " $ b a s e_ f i c " ] ; then
# S i r e p e r t o i r e , on e x e c u t e l a p r o c e d u r e d e s s u s
c o n v e r t_c o n t e n t " $ b a s e_ f i c "
else
# s i n o n on f a i t l a c o n v e r s i o n
do_c o n v e r t " $ b a s e_ f i c "
fi
fi
done
" S o r t i e de :
" $ chemin_o r i g "
echo
cd
$1 "
else
echo
" En tree INTERDITE dans :
$1 "
fi
else
# On f a i t l a c o n v e r s i o n s u r l e f i c h i e r
do_c o n v e r t " $ 1 "
fi
}
#=======================================
# Debut e x e c u t i o n
i f [ $# − g t 0 ] ; t h e n
### A l e r t e a v a n t lancement du s c r i p t
clear
echo −e " \n\nATTENTION : ne t r a v a i l l e z j a m a i s s u r l e s donnees d '
origine !"
echo −e " \ nEtes −vous c e r t a i n de v o u l o i r m o d i f i e r c e s f i c h i e r s ? "
echo −e " \ tAppuyez s u r C t r l −C pour a n n u l e r ou s u r Return pour
continuer \c"
read Tempo
echo
### Fin de l ' a l e r t e
# pour l ' i n s t a n t on ne c o n s i d e r e que l e 1 e r argument
echo " Sur : $ 1 "
echo " "
###
On n ' e s t pas a l ' a b r i d ' un r e p e r t o i r e avec d e s e s p a c e s dans l e
nom
c o n v e r t_names " $ 1 "
echo "============="
# Remarque : s i $ 1 e s t un r e p e r t o i r e dont l e nom a e t e c o n v e r t i
# l e contenu de $ 1 e s t o b s o l e t e .
E. Branlard
171
# on l e c o n v e r t i :
nom=$ ( echo " $ 1 " | i c o n v − f
c o n v e r t_c o n t e n t " $nom"
echo
$FROM
−t
$TO)
" Fini "
else
" Utilisation :"
" $ 0 chemin / r e p e r t o i r e "
### A l e r t e par p r e c a u t i o n
echo "Ne t r a v a i l l e z j a m a i s s u r l e s donnees d ' o r i g i n e mais s e u l e m e n t
s u r une c o p i e de c e l l e s − c i "
echo
echo
fi
17.42 pdfAlternRotation
#! / b i n / sh
#############################################################
# Altern Rotation :
#############################################################
# R o t a t e by 180 d e g r e e s e v e r y o t h e r page o f a p d f
# w r i t t e n by Emmanuel Branlard
# Oct 2009
# This s c r i p t u s e s p d f t k
# F e e l f r e e t o modify and a d a p t i t
# To s e p a r a t e ' f i l e . pdf ' i n t o s i n g l e page f i l e s :
#
pdftk f i l e . pdf burst
#############################################################
echo ' Every o t h e r pdf f i l e i n t h e c u r r e n t d i r e c t o r y w i l l be r o t a t e d '
echo ' Warning : do a backup o f t h e pdf f i l e s f i r s t '
echo '
P r e s s C t r l+C t o c a n c e l '
echo '
P r e s s Enter t o Continue ' ;
read r e p l y
j =0
# l o o p i n g on a l l p d f f i l e s i n t h e f o l d e r
f o r i i n * . pdf ; do
j =` expr $ j + 1 ` ;
p r i n t f ' F i l e %d : %s ' $ j $ i
i f [ ` expr $ j % 2 ` −eq 0 ] ; then
p r i n t f ' −> R o t a t i n g . . .
';
cp $ i $ i . bkp
p d f t k $ i . bkp c a t 1S output $ i
rm $ i . bkp
fi
echo
''
done
echo
echo
echo
read
'Do you want t o c o n c a t e n a t e t h e f i l e ? '
' P r e s s C t r l+C t o c a n c e l '
' P r e s s Enter t o Continue ' ;
reply
' Binding . . . '
p d f t k * . pdf c a t output
echo
echo
E. Branlard
bind .
pdf
"Done . F i l e ' bind . pdf ' c r e a t e d "
172
17.43 4terms
#! / b i n / sh
x f c e 4 −t e r m i n a l
−T
−T
−T
−T
T4
T1
T3
T2
−−geometry
−−geometry
−−geometry
−−geometry
80 x26+800+450 &
80 x26+84+0 &
80 x26+800+0 &
80 x26+84+450 &
17.44 MoveWindowLeftRight.sh
#! / b i n / bash
pywo put −p $ 1
pywo put −p M −−xinerama
17.45 ScreenConf.sh
#! / b i n / bash
"−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN SCREENCONF −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"
sleep 3
echo "−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− BEGIN SCREENCONF −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
"
echo
#x=` xrandr −− q u e r y | g r e p 2720 | wc − l ` ; #home
x=` xrandr −−query | g r e p 1920 | wc − l ` ;
echo
if
[[
#r i s o
"x : " $ x
$x
> 0 ]]
then
#/ home /manu/ C o n f i g / p r o f i l e s / s c r e e n l a y o u t / RisoScreenPersoLaptop . sh
xrandr −−output LVDS−1 −−mode 1440 x900 −−pos 1920 x0 −− r o t a t e normal −−
output VGA−1 −−mode 1920 x1080 −−pos 0 x0 −− r o t a t e normal
fi
17.46 xsetnumlock.c
#i n c l u d e <X11/ e x t e n s i o n s / XTest . h>
#i n c l u d e <X11/ keysym . h>
/
*
Requires :
Compiled with :
l X t s t */
E. Branlard
173
{
D i s p l a y * d i s p = XOpenDisplay (NULL) ;
if
( d i s p == NULL)
return
1;
True , CurrentTime ) ;
F a l s e , CurrentTime ) ;
XCloseDisplay ( disp ) ;
return
}
0;
17.47 ref
#! / b i n / sh
#############################################################
# Ref
#############################################################
# Description : uses l o c a t e to search through references
# Date : Dec 2011
# Dependencies :
# Use : r e f Word1 Word2 e t c .
#############################################################
a=" " ;
for i
do
a=$ a " " $ i ;
b=$ b" | " $ i ;
done
# l o c a t e −iA $ a | g r e p −− c o l o u r=n e v e r _Refs | c u t −b 13 − | g r e p −− c o l o u r=auto −
i −E " $ b "
l o c a t e −iA $ a | g r e p −− c o l o u r=n e v e r _R e f s | g r e p −− c o l o u r=auto − i −E " $ b"
17.48 DEFAULT
#! / b i n / bash
#############################################################
# Default script :
#############################################################
# Description :
# Date : Oct 2009
# Dependencies :
# Note : To s e p a r a t e ' f i l e . pdf ' i n t o s i n g l e page f i l e s :
#
pdftk f i l e . pdf burst
#############################################################
echo " S c r i p t name i s
[$0] "
echo " This P r o c e s s ID i s
[ $$ ] "
echo " This Parameter Count i s [ $ #]"
E. Branlard
174
" A l l Parameters
[ $@] "
"The FLAGS a r e
[ $ − ]"
#############################################################
#sh s y n t a x
# i f [ $# − eq 0 ] ; t h e n echo "No arguments " ; f i
# E x p r e s s i o n comparison : ! EX1 −a Ex2 , Ex1 −o Ex2
# S t r i n g comp : S1 = S2 , S1 !=S2
# I n t comp :
I1 −ne I2
#bash s y n t a x
#i f [ $# == 0 ] ; t h e n echo "No arguments " ; f i
# for f in *
# do
# echo " $ f "
# done
echo
echo
E. Branlard
175
Chapter
18
Debian
18.1 Install Debian from scratch
########################################################################
### Au cas , c o n f i g u r a t i o n du r e s e a u a l a main − I n t e r f a c e E t h e r n e t
########################################################################
# s i l e r e s e a u e t h 0 n ' a p p a r a i t pas en f a i s a n t i f c o n f i g , a l o r s
vim / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
#a j o u t e r
#a l l o w − h o t p l u g e t h 0
#i f a c e e t h 0 i n e t dhcp
#
#l a commande i f u p e t h 0 r e v e i l l e l ' i n t e r f a c e ( i n t e r f a c e up )
########################################################################
### Au cas , c o n f i g u r a t i o n du r e s e a u a l a main − I n t e r f a c e WIRELESS
########################################################################
# pour a v o i r l e w i f i , avec c l e f w i f i r a l i n k usb : w i r e l e s s − t o o l s e t
firmware − r a l i n k
# modprobe r t 7 3 u s b ( s i pas a u t o m a t i q u e )
### Tout d ' abord , methode pas a pas , e n s u i t e on c o n f i g u r e
interfaces
; ifconfig
#( v i r e r e t h 0 avec i f c o n f i g e t h 0 down )
# i w c o n f i g ( wlan0 d e v r a i t y e t r e )
# m e t t r e en r o u t e l a c l e f
; i f c o n f i g wlan0 up
# f a i r e un l i s t i n g
; i w l i s t wlan0 s c a n
# Configurer l e essid
; i w c o n f i g wlan0 e s s i d WANADOO−F658
# Mettre en mode managed s i pas d e j a
; i w c o n f i g wlan0 mode managed
# Configure c l e f
; i w c o n f i g wlan0 key XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
# ou , d i f f e r e n c e ??
; i w c o n f i g wlan0 key r e s t r i c t e d XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
# e n f i n on a c t i v e l ' i n t e r f a c e
; i f u p wlan0
### C o n f i g u r e r par l e f i c h i e r
176
/ e t c / network /
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
#R e s t r e i n d r e l e s p e r m i s s i o n s d ' a c c é s à / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s , pour
é v i t e r de d i v u l g u e r l a c l e f mot de p a s s e
# chmod 0600 / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
#
# WEP
#auto wlan0
#i f a c e wlan0 i n e t dhcp
#
w i r e l e s s − e s s i d Mon_EssiD
#
w i r e l e s s −key 1234567890ABCDEF
#
# WPA
# i n s t a l l e r w p a s u p p l i c a n t pour g e r e r l e s o p t i o n s wpa−*
#Ouvrir / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s dans un é d i t e u r :
# vim / e t c / network / i n t e r f a c e s
# E n t r e r l e s données de v o t r e r é s e a u sans f i l ; SSID e t C l e f WPA . Par
exemple :
#auto wlan0
#i f a c e wlan_maison i n e t dhcp
#
wpa− s s i d NomRéseau
#
wpa−p s k Mot−Passe −C l e f −WPA
#La commande auto montera l ' i n t e r f a c e sans f i l automatiquement au
démarrage du s y s t è m e . La commenter ou l a supprimer s i ce f o n c t i o n n e m e n t
n ' e s t pas d é s i r e r .
# S a u v e g a r d e r e t s o r t i r de l ' é d i t e u r .
# Monter v o t r e i n t e r f a c e . Cela démarrera wpa_s u p p l i q u a n t en a r r i è r e p l a n
# i f u p wlan0=wlan_maison
########################################################################
### M o d i f i e r l e s s o u r c e s e t a j o u t e r c o n t r i b e t non f r e e
########################################################################
# vim / e t c / a p t / s o u r c e s . l i s t
## s q u e e z e s e c u r i t y
#deb h t t p : // f t p . f r . d e b i a n . org / d e b i a n / l e n n y main c o n t r i b non− f r e e
#deb − s r c h t t p : // f t p . f r . d e b i a n . org / d e b i a n / l e n n y main c o n t r i b non− f r e e
#deb h t t p : // s e c u r i t y . d e b i a n . org / l e n n y / u p d a t e s main c o n t r i b non− f r e e
#deb − s r c h t t p : // s e c u r i t y . d e b i a n . org / l e n n y / u p d a t e s main c o n t r i b non− f r e e
#deb h t t p : //www. debian −m u l t i m e d i a . org / l e n n y main c o n t r i b non− f r e e
#deb h t t p : //www. b a c k p o r t s . org / d e b i a n lenny − b a c k p o r t s main c o n t r i b
#gpg −− k e y s e r v e r p g p k e y s . mit . edu −−recv −key 778978 B00F7992B0
########################################################################
### I n s t a l l e r Lynx pour n a v i g u e r s u r i n t e r n e t au c a s ou
########################################################################
aptitude i n s t a l l lynx
# Une f o i s l ' i n s t a l l a t i o n d e b i a n terminee , i n s t a l l e r un s e r v e u r x : ( nv
pour n v i d i a , a t i s i n o n )
# Pour une i n s t a l l minimale , b i e n comprendre l e s dependances du s e r v e u r X
E. Branlard
177
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
# => l i r e l e s i n f o s d ' a p t i t u d e , ca prend du temp de p r e n d r e en main l '
i n t e r f a c e d ' a p t i t u d e , mais on s ' y f a i t
# s i on ne comprend pas t r o p a p t i t u d e , t a p e r #a p t i t u d e show nom−du−paquet ,
e t l i r e l e s dependances
# Ce l i e n e s t peut − e t r e u t i l e : h t t p : // forum . ubuntu − f r . org / v i e w t o p i c . php ?
i d =86307&p=17
########################################################################
### Methode b o u r r i n , pour a v o i r une d e b i a n + f l u x b o x f o n c t i o n e l l e
########################################################################
#S i on v e u t e t r e t r a n q u i l e on i n s t a l l e Xorg ou x−window−system −c o r e ( j e ne
sais plus trop la difference )
#Xorg depend de x− s e r v e r −xorg , xauth , x i n i t , x11 −apps , x f o n t s −base , xterm
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x o r g xterm
#dpkg − r e c o n f i g u r e x s e r v e r −x o r g
##on t e n t e de l a n c e r l e s e r v e u r x , on a j u s t e un t e r m i n a l dans un c o i n
#s t a r t x
##on i n s t a l l e un g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e
#apt − g e t i n s t a l l f l u x b o x
#s t a r t x
########################################################################
### Methode pas a pas
########################################################################
#S i on v e u t f a i r e ca e t a p e par e t a p e pour une c o n f i g minimum , f a u t s '
accrocher , c ' e s t vraiment h i s t o i r e d ' e t r e minimaliste
# mais ca a i d e a comprendre l e s d i f f e r e n t e s c o u c h e s e t s u r t o u t ca apprend
a i n s t a l l e r j u s t e ce dont on a b e s o i n ( au l i e u d e s g r o s p a q u e t s )
# Les p a q u e t s − c o r e c o n t i e n n e n t l e minimum , l e s p a q u e t s − a l l , s o n t d e s
fourres tout
# par c o n t r e , j e ne me s o u v i e n s p l u s t r o p ce que j ' a i f a i t
# V o i l a ce que j e c r o i s a v o i r f a i t : ( a chaque e t a p e , e s s a y e r de l a n c e r l e
s e r v e r x ( s t a r t x , q u i e s t f o u r n i t par x i n i t ) e t r e g a r d e r ce qu ' i l d i t )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l n t f s −3g
#
!!!
Use a p t i t u d e t o i n s t a l l d ep e n de n c es ! ! ! !
#s e r v e u r X de b a s e
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg − c o r e
# t o be a b l e t o i n s t a l l x i n i t w i t h o u t t o o much s t u f f . . .
#LES INPUTS : x s e r v e r −xorg −i n p u t − a l l : t o u s l e s i n p u t ( c l a v i e r , s o u r i s ,
t r u c s dans l e g e n r e s i j e me s o u v i e n s b i e n )
# s i on e s t t a t i l l o n on p e u t c u s t o m i s e r pour e v i t e r d ' i n s t a l l e r t o u s l e s
input :
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg −input −mouse x s e r v e r −xorg −input −kbd
#LES OUTPUTS: nv : p i l o t e s g r a p h i q u e l i b r e s pour n v i d i a ( ca e v i t e d '
i n s t a l l e r x s e r v e r −xorg −v i d e o − a l l )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg −vid eo −nouveau
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg
# t o be a b l e t o i n s t a l l xterm w i t h o u t t o o much s t u f f
E. Branlard
178
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
# use a p t i t u d e t o manage d e p e n d e n c i e s ! ! !
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l f o n t −c o n f i g − c o n f i g l i b f o n t c o n f i g 1 l i b u t e m p t e r 0 l i b x f t 2
l i b x r e n d e r 1 t t f −dejavu − c o r e xbitmaps xterm
#Now we are ready f o r x i n i t
aptiude i n s t a l l x i n i t
#e t ca , ca r e s t e un mystere , e s s a y e r sans au d e b u t
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x−window−system −c o r e
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x11 − s e s s i o n − u t i l s
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x s e r v e r −xorg − i n t e l
#o u t i l s n e c e s s a i r e s au lancement du s e r v e r x , comme s t a r t x
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l xauth x i n i t
# a p p l i c a t i o n s x ( obscure )
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x11 −apps
# c o n f i g u r e r l e s e r v e u r x e t p r e n d r e en compte l e s bons d r i v e r s
dpkg− r e c o n f i g u r e x s e r v e r −xorg
#p o l i c e s de b a s e n é c e s s a i r e s
#a p r i o r i , on p e u t s e p e r m e t t r e d ' i n s t a l l e r t o u t e s l e s a u t r e s p o l i c e s
s c a l a b l e , 100 d p i 75 d p i e t c . . . : x f o n t s −100 dpi , x f o n t s − s c a l a b l e
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x f o n t s −b a s e
# xterm ( t e r m i n a l de base , pas b e s o i n d e s a u t r e s e m u l a t e u r s de terminaux ,
i l est tres bien )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l xterm
#a ce s t a d e s t a r t x d e v r a i t marcher , meme sans g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e ! ! !
( on a j u s t e un t e r m i n a l dans un c o i n )
#ca s e r t a r i e n d ' a l l e r p l u s l o i n t a n t que ca marche pas !
#e n s u i t e on p e u t s ' i n t e r r e s s e r au g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e ( windows manager
(wm) ) comme : f l u x b o x , xfwm ( c e l u i d ' x f c e 4 ) , p l u s l o u r d : gnome
# i n s t a l l de f l u x b o x ( ca v a u t l e coup d ' e s s a y e r , e t ca c o u t e pas grand
chose )
aptitude i n s t a l l fluxbox
#Lancer l e s e r v e u r x :
startx
#
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l cpp
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l xfwm4
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x f c e 4 −p a n e l
#i n s t a l l t h u n a r w i t h a p t i t u d e g u i
#i e needs d e s k t o p − f i l e − u t i l s l i b g u d e v −1−0−0 l i b n o t i f y 4 l i b t h u n a r x −2−0
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x f c e 4 −s e s s i o n
E. Branlard
179
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
#Pour gnome , a t t e n t i o n c ' e s t l o u r d , pour decomposer gnome v o i r p l u s l o i n (
j e n ' ai jamais f a i t ) )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l gnome− c o r e
#Pour gnome , g e s t i o n n a i r e de l o g i n , pas o b l i g a t o i r e
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l gdm
#Pour de l a b u r e a u t i q u e ( t r e s i m p o r t a n t pour t o u t ce q u i e s t montage ,
p o l i c y k i t e t compagnie )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l h a l dbus udev
#S y n a p t i c pour a i d e r a i n s t a l l e r :
aptitude i n s t a l l synaptic
########################################################################
### n i v i d i a p r o p r i e t a i r e , deux methodes k i f f k i f f
########################################################################
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i n u x −h e a d e r s − `uname −r `
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l n v i d i a −g l x
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l n v i d i a −s e t t i n g s
# c o n f i g u r a t i o n m a n u e l l e du s e r v e u r x
nano / e t c /X11/ xorg . c o n f
#Pour i n s t a l l e r v r a i m e n t f a c i l e m e n t e t d u r a b l e m e n t l e s d r i v e r s n v i d i a s u r
d e b i a n ( a v o i r non− f r e e aux s o u r c e s ) :
# l ' i n s t a l l a t i o n s e f a i t a l ' a i d e du module − a s s i s t a n t (m−a )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l module− a s s i s t a n t
m−a p r e p a r e
m−a a− i n v i d i a
#c o n f i g a u t o m a t i q u e du s e r v e u r x e t c h o i s i r " n v i d i a " comme d r i v e r
########################################################################
### l a s u i t e c ' e s t un peu en vrac , ce n ' e s t pas de moi
########################################################################
Paquets n e c e s s a i r e s ( en p l u s du x−window−system −c o r e , b i e n s u r ) pour un
gnome minimal :
− gnome− a p p l e t s : s i n o n pas de t a b l e a u de bord
− n a u t i l u s : s i n o n pas d ' i c o n e s u r l e bureau ( e t pas de n a v i g a t i o n i n t e r n e )
− gnome− s e s s i o n : ca semble l o g i q u e
− x s c r e e n s a v e r : pour ne pas s e f a i r e i n s u l t e r au demarrage de gnome
− m e t a c i t y ( ou s a w f i s h ou a u t r e ) : s i n o n pas de g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e
En p l u s , j e c o n s e i l l e au moins l e paquet xterm , c ' e s t quand meme b i e n
p r a t i q u e une c o n s o l e s o u s gnome .
E. Branlard
180
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
Peut− e t r e a u s s i gnome−audio , mais j e ne s u i s pas s u r .
##################################################
# xfce leger
##################################################
xfwm + thunar + mousepad
##################################################
# gnome
##################################################
J ' a i r e f a i t une s y n t h è s e d e s p a q u e t s u t i l e s p r o p r e s à gnome
#Pour e v i t e r gnome−c o r e
Paquets n e c e s s a i r e s ( en p l u s du x−window−system −c o r e , b i e n s u r ) pour un
gnome minimal :
− gnome− a p p l e t s : s i n o n pas de t a b l e a u de bord
− n a u t i l u s : s i n o n pas d ' i c o n e s u r l e bureau ( e t pas de n a v i g a t i o n i n t e r n e )
− gnome− s e s s i o n : ca semble l o g i q u e
− x s c r e e n s a v e r : pour ne pas s e f a i r e i n s u l t e r au demarrage de gnome
− m e t a c i t y ( ou s a w f i s h ou a u t r e ) : s i n o n pas de g e s t i o n n a i r e de f e n e t r e
En p l u s , j e c o n s e i l l e au moins l e paquet xterm , c ' e s t quand meme b i e n
p r a t i q u e une c o n s o l e s o u s gnome .
Peut− e t r e a u s s i gnome−audio , mais j e ne s u i s pas s u r .
Les o u t i l s d ' a d m i n i s t r a t i o n g r a p h i q u e s i n d i s p e n s a b l e s :
− s y n a p t i c : i n t e r f a c e g r a p h i q u e à a p t i t u d e , permet l a g e s t i o n d e s p a q u e t s
− gnome−system − t o o l s : g e s t i o n d e s u t i l i s a t e u r s , c o n f i g u r a t i o n de l '
horloge , c o n f i g u r a t i o n réseau , etc .
− gnome−system −monitor : g e s t i o n d e s p r o c e s s u s t o u r n a n t s u r l e système ,
permet de v o i r l a c h a r g e CPU, l a c h a r g e mémoire , e t c .
− gnome−volume−manager : montage automatique d e s médias ( cd−rom ,
d i s q u e t t e s . . . ) e t é v e n t u e l l e m e n t lancement automatique de ceux − c i
− gnome−cups −manager : a j o u t / s u p p r e s s i o n d ' imprimantes
− gnome− c o n t r o l − c e n t e r : c o n f i g u r a t i o n de l ' a c c e s s i b i l i t é , d e s p o l i c e s du
bureau , d e s p r o p r i é t é s s o u r i s / c l a v i e r , du volume s o n o r e , de l a
r é s o l u t i o n grap hiqu e , d e s thèmes de bureau , e t c .
Les o u t i l s g r a p h i q u e s u t i l e s :
− gnome− n e t t o o l : i n t e r f a c e g r a p h i q u e aux o u t i l s r é s e a u x : i f c o n f i g , ping ,
n e t s t a t u s , t r a c e r o u t e , p o r t s c a n n i n g , DNS lookup , f i n g e r , whois
− a l a c a r t e : g e s t i o n d e s menus gnome ( a j o u t / s u p p r e s s i o n d ' e n t r é e s )
− gnome− u t i l s : f o r m a t e r l e s d i s q u e t t e s , f a i r e d e s s c r e e n s h o t s , . . .
− gnome−media : l e c t e u r de CD, e n r e g i s t r e u r de son , r é g l a g e du volume
− gcon f − e d i t o r : permet de m o d i f i e r l a c o n f i g u r a t i o n de c e r t a i n s
programmes
− gnome−power−manager : g e s t i o n de l ' a r r ê t de l ' é c r a n /HDD, mise en v e i l l e
− gnome−k e y r i n g −manager : g e s t i o n du t r o u s s e a u
Remarque : l e paquet gnome−desktop −environment e s t une t r è s bonne b a s e
pour l e s p a q u e t s u t i l e s de gnome . I l r e p r e n d l a m a j o r i t é d e s p a q u e t s c i
− d e s s u s ( i l ne l u i manque que a l a c a r t e e t gnome−cups −manager ) , avec en
p l u s l a g e s t i o n a r c h i v e s ( z i p / t a r ) pour n a u t i l u s ( f i l e − r o l l e r ) , un
v i s u a l i s e u r de pdf ( e v i n c e ) , l a c a l c u l a t r i c e . . . I l c o n t i e n t é g a l e m e n t
d e s programmes q u i p o u r r a i e n t ê t r e i n u t i l e s comme E v o l u t i o n , d e s j e u x
. . . A vous de f a i r e l e t r i .
E. Branlard
181
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
Les o u t i l s / programmes p l u s ou moins c é l è b r e s e t l e s p e t i t s « p l u s » :
− gnome−themes : d i v e r s thèmes pour gnome
− x s c r e e n s a v e r e t x s c r e e n s a v e r − g l : é c o n o m i s e u r s d ' é c r a n s ( mieux que gnome
−s c r e e n s a v e r )
− gtkorphan : permet de s u p p r i m e r l e s p a q u e t s o r p h e l i n s s o u v e n t ( e t pas
toujours ! ) i n u t i l e s
− gnome−mount : a j o u t e à N a u t i l u s d e s r a c c o u r c i s pour ( dé ) monter e t
é j e c t e r l e s médias
− gimp : l e c é l è b r e o u t i l s de c r é a t i o n g r a p h i q u e
− o p e n o f f i c e . org : l a s u i t e l i b r e é q u i v a l e n t e à Microsoft O f f i c e
− b r a s e r o : l o g i c i e l de g r a v u r e
18.2 Program list
#############################
### i n s t a l l r a p i d e , copy p a s t e dans l e t e r m i n a l
#############################
#en v r a c
aptitude i n s t a l l \
xpdf mirage x s c r e e n s a v e r gimp g p i c v i e w x f i g f −s p o t \
nano vim geany \
u n z i p z i p b z i p 2 t a r eterm b r a s e r o g c a l c t o o l Gmount− i s o \
a l s a − u t i l s n t f s −3g numlockx network −manager−gnome sysv −rc −c o n f p r e l o a d
p r e l i n k gnome−system −monitor \
o p e n o f f i c e . o r g wine \
g x i n e v l c amarok a u d a c i t y t i m i d i t y \
octave k i l e e c l i p s e t e x l i v e \
i c e w e a s e l amule amsn t r a n s m i s s i o n f i l e z i l l a
pidgin jabber \
jumpnbump \
#############################
### i n s t a l l un peu p l u s d e t a i l l e e , avec moins d ' a p p l i c a t i o n s
#############################
#i n s t a l l a t i o n du g e s t i o n a i r e de f i c h i e r ( thunar , pour x f c e ) e t d ' e d i t e u r s
t e x t e ( nano , vim en t e r m i n a l , geany , b i e n sympa j e l e p r e f e r e a g e d i t )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l thunar nano vim geany
# Navigateur
aptitude i n s t a l l iceweasel
#i n s t a l l a t i o n de n t f s −3g pour g e r e r l e s p a r t i t i o n s NTFS
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l n t f s −3g
# i n s t a l l l e c t e u r pdf ( evince b e t t e r )
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l xpdf
#i n s t a l l v i s i o n n e u s e d ' image mirage
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l mirage
#i n s t a l l s c r e e n s a v e r
aptitude i n s t a l l xscreensaver
#L e c t e u r Multimedia g x i n e : Un peu " l o u r d " ( ~20Mo de ram ) v r a i l e c t e u r
E. Branlard
182
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l g x i n e
#q u e l q u e s f o n c t i o n n a l i t e s p r a t i q u e s :
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l numlockx u n z i p z i p b z i p 2 t a r
#Eterm : t e r m i n a l sympa / u s r / b i n / Eterm , v o i r p l u s l o i n pour c o n f i g
c a r a c t e r e s a c c e n t u e s , pour t u n n i n g du fond d ' ecran : ( v o i r f i c h i e r
dedie )
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l eterm
# Audio
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l alsa −u t i l s
#Open o f f i c e
aptitude i n s t a l l o p e n o f f i c e . org
# gimp
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l gimp
#gnome network manager
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l network −manager−gnome
#o u t i l s i n t e r n e t
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l t r a n s m i s s i o n amule
# autologin leger
#a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l m i n g e t t y
#g e e k e r avec l e s s e r v i c e s
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l s y s t −rc −c o n f
vim gvim geany e v i n c e \
mirage gimp g p i c v i e w i n k s c a p e \
unzip zip bzip2 tar \
numlockx sysv −rc −c o n f t e r m i n a t o r \
o p e n o f f i c e . org − w r i t e r o p e n o f f i c e . org − c a l c o p e n o f f i c e . org −i m p r e s s \
v l c a u d a c i t y rhythmbox t i m i d i t y \
wicd i c e w e a s e l amule t r a n s m i s s i o n f i l e z i l l a \
i c e d o v e i c e o w l −e x t e n s i o n \
meld f i l e l i g h t texmaker \
jumpnbump f r o z e n −bubble \
x c l i p l i b n o t i f y −b i n \
readahead readahead − f e d o r a \
f l a s h p l u g i n − n o n f r e e sun−java6 − j r e sun−java6 − p l u g i n \
gamin \
n t f s −3g
wmctrl
xclip
smbfs
arandr
l i b c u r l 3 #f o r chrome
E. Branlard
183
CHAPTER 18. DEBIAN
l s b − c o r e #f o r g o o g l e − e a r t h
E. Branlard
184
Chapter
19
Fluxbox
19.1 Install Debian with Fluxbox
#############################
###I n s t a l l a t i o n du s e r v e u r X, a r e v o i r
#############################
# b o u r r i n x−window−system −c o r e xterm
# dpkg − r e c o n f i g u r e x s e r v e r −x o r g
# apt − g e t i n s t a l l f l u x b o x
# startx
# v o i r d e t a i l s d e s p a q u e t s dans a p t i t u d e
#
x−window−system −c o r e x s e r v e r −xorg − i n t e l , x11 − s e s s i o n − u t i l s x f o n t s
−100 d p i x f o n t s − s c a l a b l e
# pour s u r i l f a u t minimum x i n i t ( s t a r t x ) , xauth , x s e r v e r −xorg −v i d e o −nv
d e s i n p u t s , l e s x11 −apps
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l x−window−system − c o r e x i n i t xauth x s e r v e r −xorg −vid eo −nv
x s e r v e r −xorg −input −mouse x s e r v e r −xorg −input −kbd x11−apps
#i n s t a l l a t i o n de l ' e m u l a t i o n du t e r m i n a l
a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l xterm
#i n s t a l l a t i o n de n v i d i a proprement
m−a p r e p a r e
m−a a− i n v i d i a
# c o n f i g u r a t i o n de X, c h o i s i r n v i d i a comme d r i v e r ! ! !
#i n s t a l l a t i o n du windows manager
aptitude i n s t a l l fluxbox
#on p e u t l a n c e r x
startx
19.2 Notes on Fluxbox
\ s e c t i o n { Fluxbox e t power manager
dans l e . f l u x b o x de home , r a j o u t e r :
gnome−power−manager &
185
CHAPTER 19. FLUXBOX
19.3 Tuning Fluxbox Appearence
D' a p r e s l e w i k i de debian − f a c i l e . o r g
###################################################
##S t a r t u p : l e f i c h i e r . f l u x b o x / s t a r t u p
###################################################
I f you have network manager , j u s t s t i c k "nm− a p p l e t &" i n t h e s t a r t u p f i l e
( but make s u r e i t s b e f o r e t h e " e x e c / u s r / l o c a l / b i n / f l u x b o x . . . . " l i n e ) .
I t works f o r me .
I had t o add "gnome−k e y r i n g −daemon &" a l o n g with "nm− a p p l e t &" i n o r d e r t o
g e t w i f i with WEP t o work and not c o n s t a n t l y ask f o r t h e WEP key t o be
re − e n t e r e d .
x s c r e e n s a v e r −n o s p l a s h
idesk &
nm− a p p l e t&
wmlaptop&
numlockx&
&
Now I have t o g e t t h e f r o n t a u d i o k e y s on my l a p t o p t o s t a r t working . . .
I used a c o m b i n a t i o n o f xmodmap and k e y b i n d i n g s , i n c o n j u n c t i o n with
alsamixer .
my . xmodmaprc c o n t a i n s
! v o l up
keycode 176 = XF86AudioRaiseVolume
! v o l down
keycode 174 = XF86AudioLowerVolume
! v o l mute
keycode 160 = XF86AudioMute
( check t h e k e y c o d e s f o r your b u t t o n s u s i n g xev ) and
XF86AudioMute : ExecCommand amixer s e t Master
XF86AudioLowerVolume : ExecCommand amixer s e t
XF86AudioRaiseVolume : ExecCommand amixer s e t
i n . f l u x b o x / k e y s . Hope t h i s h e l p s ; check t h e
then
I have
toggle
Master 5%−
Master 5%+
xmodmap man page
for
more .
###################################################
##Mettre son fond d ' écran s o u s f l u x b o x
###################################################
#f b s e t b g n e c e s s i t e eterm
#s i n o n a l l e r v o i r l e f i c h i e r . f l u x b o x / s t a r t u p
f b s e t b g −f
/ chemin / de / v o t r e / fond
d ' ecran
#s a u v e g a r d e r l e s i n f o s E d i t e r ~/ . f l u x b o x / i n i t e t l u i a j o u t e r c e t t e l i g n e :
s e s s i o n . s c r e e n 0 . rootCommand : f b s e t b g − l
###################################################
## I c o n e s s u r l e bureaux
E. Branlard
186
CHAPTER 19. FLUXBOX
###################################################
#I n s t a l l a t i o n de i d e s k
apt −g e t i n s t a l l i d e s k
#Créer l e d o s s i e r . i d e s k t o p , pour c o n t e n i r l e s . l n k .
mkdir ~/ . i d e s k t o p
table Icon
Caption : xchat
I c o n : /home/ syb / . i d e s k t o p / i c o n e s / xchat . xpm
X: 32
Y: 66
Command : xchat
end
#Lancer i d e s k à chaque démarrage de f l u x b o x e d i t e r
decommenter ou a j o u t e r l a l i g n e i d e s k
idesk
~/ .
fluxbox/startup et
###################################################
## Tunning de t h u n a r
###################################################
T e l e c h a r g e r un theme :
h t t p : //www. gnome−l o o k . o r g / c o n t e n t / show . php / Vista − I n s p i r a t e ? c o n t e n t =28352
b z i p 2 + t a r −x v f
C o p i e r " Vista − I n s p i r a t e_1 . 0 " dans =====>/ u s r / s h a r e / i c o n s
Dans c e r e p e r t o i r e i l y a un f i c h i e r " i n d e x . theme " dans l e q u e l c e t r o u v e
l e nom du théme "Name=Vista − I n s p i r a t e_1 . 0 "
J ' ouvre avec un é d i t e u r l e f i c h i e r . g t k r c − 2.0 s i t u e r dans /home/ u s e r /
Je r a j o u t e > gtk −i c o n −theme−name = " Vista − I n s p i r a t e_1 . 0 "
Ce q u i me permet de g a r d e r l e théme q u i g é r e l e s boutons , l e s o n g l e t s ,
l e s b a r r e de d é f i l e m e n t ,
mais de c h a n g e r l e s i c o n n e s d e s f i c h i e r s e t r é p e r t o i r e s dans thunar .
I l e s t p o s s i b l e que c e message :
bad image i n d e x
( thunar : c h i f f r e q u e l c o n q u e ( ou PID ) ) : Gtk−WARNING ** : I c o n c a c h e ' / u s r /
s h a r e / i c o n s / h i c o l o r / i c o n −theme . cache ' i s i n v a l i d
Et / ou q u e l q u e c h o s e dans l e g e n r e de :
( thunar : c h i f f r e q u e l c o n q u e ( ou PID ) ) : Gtk−WARNING ** : E r r o r l o a d i n g theme
i c o n f o r s t o c k ; I c o n ' gnome− f s −home ' not p r e s e n t i n theme
Apparait
On peu l e c o r r i g é par un :
sudo gtk −update −i c o n −c a c h e − f / u s r / s h a r e / i c o n s / h i c o l o r /
E. Branlard
187
Chapter
20
Languages and programs
20.1 Unix
l i n u x commands
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
du −sh FOLDER/FILE : d i s k u t i l i s a t i o n , r e a d a b l e by human , s : i n c l u d e
subfolders
d f −a l : d i s k s p a c e
* s o r t S o r t s l i n e s i n a s c e n d i n g , d e s c e n d i n g and unique o r d e r
* grep Searches for r e g u l a r e x p r e s s i o n s in s t r i n g s or f i l e s
* basename S t r i p s t h e path from a path s t r i n g t o l e a v e j u s t t h e
filename
* dirname Removes t h e f i l e from a path s t r i n g t o l e a v e j u s t t h e
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
pathname
c u t Chops up a t e x t s t r i n g by c h a r a c t e r s o r f i e l d s
wc Count t h e c h a r a c t e r s , words , o r l i n e s
[ ( test ) ] Predicate or c o n d i t i o n a l p r o c e s s o r
t r ' a ' ' b ' Transform c h a r a c t e r s
expr Simple a r i t h m e t i c p r o c e s s o r
bc B a s i c C a l c u l a t o r
eval E v a l u a t e v a r i a b l e s
echo Output s t r i n g s
date Create date s t r i n g s
nawk Manipulate t e x t s t r i n g s
head | t a i l A c c e s s l i n e s i n f i l e s
FORLOOPS/ FIND / XARGS and SPACECHARACTERS
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
SHELL SCRIPTS NOTES
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Conditionnals t e s t s are in bracket [ ]
See man t e s t f o r d e t a i l s , l i k e :
E x p r e s s i o n comparison : ! EX1 −a Ex2 , Ex1 −o Ex2
S t r i n g comp : S1 = S2 , S1 !=S2
I n t comp :
I 1 −ne I 2
IF
:
188
CHAPTER 20. LANGUAGES AND PROGRAMS
if
[]
||
WARNING
[]
!!
&&
[]
then
...
elif
[]
then
you need s p a c e s around [ and =
...
else
...
fi
!!!!!!!!!!
STANDARD IN , STANDARD OUT
| : PIPE
. / c o m p i l e_a s t r a 2>&1 | t e e l o g . loG
deadbbg
h t t p : //www. o n l i n e c o m p u t e r b o o k s . com/
20.2 Awk
awk
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
awk i s a p a t t e r n s c a n n i n g and p r o c e s s i n g l a n g u a g e .
By d e f a u l t i t r e a d s s t a n d a r d i n p u t and w r i t e s s t a n d a r d output .
Usage : awk − f p r o g f i l e [ −− ] f i l e
Usage : awk ' program ' f i l e
Usage : . / a w k f s c r i p t
−F ,
: f i e l d s e p a r a t o r comma ( , )
−F " ; "
: f i e l d s e p a r a t o r semicolumn ( ; )
−F " ; | , " : f i e l d s e p a r a t o r semicolumn o r comma ( ; )
#f i r s t 1000 l i n e s
awk 'NR<1000 { p r i n t } ' r a d i a l . i n i >r a d i
#l i g n e s p a i r e s
NR % 2 == 1 { p r i n t
$0
}
#a f f i c h e l e numero de l i g n e
{ p r i n t NR, $ 0 }
# First three f i e l d s
awk −F , 'NR>1 { p r i n t
$1 ,$2 ,$3;}
# Not matching a p a t t e r n
awk ' ! / D i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t
$0
' tab . c s v > tab2
} ' d r i f t . in
# Cut a l i n e e v e r y 20 f i e l d s
awk −F , ' { f o r ( i =1; i<=NF; i=i +1){ i f ( ( i %20)==0
){
p r i n t f $ i " ; " } } p r i n t f " \n"
} ' p . c s v >r . c s v
printf
$i
" ; \ n"
} else {
# p r i n t sum o f f i r s t r e c o r d
awk ' { sum += $ 1 } ; END { p r i n t sum } ' f i l e
E. Branlard
189
−F= 'NR<10 { f o r ( i =1; i<=NF; i ++){ p r i n t f
awk
#p r i n t f "&NEWRUN\n
$i
"=" } ; p r i n t " " } ' d r i f t . i n
D i s t r i b u t i o n =' $ b u n c h d i r /$ 3 '\ n" | t e e
$2>/ dev / n u l l
#awk 'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1; FS=" ,|="}; / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){
i f ( $ i ~/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / ) {} e l s e { p r i n t " " , $ i ,"=" , $ ( i +1)} }
} NR>1 &&
/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t } ' $ c a s e d i r /$ 2 > $ t e m p B u f f e r
#c a t $ t e m p B u f f e r | t e e −a $2>/ dev / n u l l
awk
#!
'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1; FS=" ,|= " } ; / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){
( $ i ~/ d i s t r i b u t i o n / ) { s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ; p r i n t a [ 1 ] = a [ 2 ; ] } e l s e {
p r i n t " " , $ i , "=" , $ ( i +1)} }
} NR>1 && ! / d i s t r i b u t i o n / { p r i n t } ' $
c a s e d i r /$ 2 D i s t r i b u t i o n =\' $ b u n c h d i r /$ 3\'> $ 2
!
if
/ b i n / awk
BEGIN {
IGNORECASE=1
FS=" ,|= "
s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ;
b=t o l o w e r ( a [ 1 ] )
}
$0 ~
b { f o r ( i =1; i <NF; i=i +2){ i f ( $ i ~b ) { s p l i t (ARGV[ 2 ] , a , "=" ) ; p r i n t " " , a
[ 1 ] , "=" , a [ 2 ] ; } e l s e { gsub ( " " , " " , $ i ) ; p r i n t " " , $ i , "=" , $ ( i +1)} }
}
$0 !~ b { p r i n t }
20.3 Vim
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
LESSON 1 SUMMARY
1 . The c u r s o r i s moved u s i n g e i t h e r t h e arrow k e y s o r t h e h j k l k e y s .
h ( left )
j ( down )
k ( up )
l ( right )
2 . To s t a r t Vim from t h e s h e l l prompt
3 . To
exit
Vim type :
OR type :
<ESC>
<ESC>
:q!
: wq
type :
<ENTER>
<ENTER>
4 . To d e l e t e t h e c h a r a c t e r a t t h e c u r s o r
5 . To i n s e r t o r append t e x t type :
i
type i n s e r t e d t e x t
<ESC>
A
type appended t e x t
<ESC>
E. Branlard
vim FILENAME <ENTER>
type :
to trash a l l changes .
to save the changes .
x
i n s e r t b e f o r e the cursor
append a f t e r t h e l i n e
190
NOTE: P r e s s i n g <ESC> w i l l p l a c e you i n Normal mode o r w i l l c a n c e l
an unwanted and p a r t i a l l y completed command .
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
LESSON 2 SUMMARY
1 . To d e l e t e from t h e c u r s o r upto t h e next word type :
2 . To d e l e t e from t h e c u r s o r t o t h e end o f a l i n e type :
3 . To d e l e t e a whole l i n e type :
dd
dw
d$
4 . To r e p e a t a motion prepend i t with a number :
2w
5 . The format f o r a change command i s :
operator
[ number ]
motion
where :
o p e r a t o r − i s what t o do , such a s d f o r d e l e t e
[ number ] − i s an o p t i o n a l count t o r e p e a t t h e motion
motion
− moves o v e r t h e t e x t t o o p e r a t o r on , such a s
$ ( t o t h e end o f l i n e ) , e t c .
6 . To move t o t h e s t a r t o f t h e l i n e u s e a z e r o :
7 . To undo p r e v i o u s a c t i o n s , type :
To undo a l l t h e c h a n g e s on a l i n e ,
To undo t h e undo ' s , type :
type :
w ( word ) ,
0
u ( lowercase u)
U ( c a p i t a l U)
CTRL−R
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
LESSON 3 SUMMARY
1 . To put back t e x t t h a t has j u s t been d e l e t e d , type
p . This p u t s
the
d e l e t e d t e x t AFTER t h e c u r s o r ( i f a l i n e was d e l e t e d i t w i l l go on
the
l i n e below t h e c u r s o r ) .
2 . To r e p l a c e t h e c h a r a c t e r under t h e c u r s o r ,
c h a r a c t e r you want t o have t h e r e .
type
r
and
then
the
3 . The change o p e r a t o r a l l o w s you t o change from t h e c u r s o r t o where t h e
motion t a k e s you . eg . Type c e t o change from t h e c u r s o r t o t h e end
of
t h e word , c $ t o change t o t h e end o f a l i n e .
4 . The format
c
for
change i s :
[ number ]
motion
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
LESSON 4 SUMMARY
1 . CTRL−G
displays
G moves
number G moves
gg moves
E. Branlard
your l o c a t i o n i n t h e f i l e and t h e f i l e s t a t u s .
t o t h e end o f t h e f i l e .
t o t h a t l i n e number .
to the f i r s t l i n e .
191
2 . Typing / f o l l o w e d by a p h r a s e s e a r c h e s FORWARD f o r t h e p h r a s e .
Typing ? f o l l o w e d by a p h r a s e s e a r c h e s BACKWARD f o r t h e p h r a s e .
A f t e r a s e a r c h type n t o f i n d t h e next o c c u r r e n c e i n t h e same
direction
or N to search in the opposite d i r e c t i o n .
CTRL−O t a k e s you back t o o l d e r p o s i t i o n s , CTRL− I t o newer p o s i t i o n s .
3 . Typing
.
4 . To
To
To
To
To
%
while
t h e c u r s o r i s on a ( , ) , [ , ] , { , o r } g o e s t o i t s match
s u b s t i t u t e new f o r t h e f i r s t o l d i n a l i n e type
s u b s t i t u t e new f o r a l l ' old ' s on a l i n e type
s u b s t i t u t e p h r a s e s between two l i n e #' s t y p e
s u b s t i t u t e a l l o c c u r r e n c e s i n t h e f i l e type
ask f o r c o n f i r m a t i o n each time add ' c '
: s / o l d / new
: s / o l d / new / g
:#,# s / o l d / new / g
:% s / o l d / new / g
:% s / o l d / new / gc
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
LESSON 6 SUMMARY
1 . Type
Type
o
O
t o open a l i n e BELOW t h e c u r s o r and s t a r t I n s e r t mode .
t o open a l i n e ABOVE t h e c u r s o r .
2 . Type
Type
a
A
t o i n s e r t t e x t AFTER t h e c u r s o r .
t o i n s e r t t e x t a f t e r t h e end o f t h e l i n e .
3 . The
e
command
4 . The
y
o p e r a t o r yanks ( c o p i e s ) t e x t ,
5 . Typing a c a p i t a l
moves t o t h e end o f a word .
R
p
puts ( pa s te s ) i t .
e n t e r s R e pl ac e mode
until
<ESC>
i s pressed .
6 . Typing " : s e t xxx " s e t s t h e o p t i o n " xxx " . Some o p t i o n s a r e :
' ic ' ' ignorecase '
i g n o r e upper / l o w e r c a se when s e a r c h i n g
' is ' ' incsearch '
show p a r t i a l matches f o r a s e a r c h p h r a s e
' hls ' ' hlsearch '
h i g h l i g h t a l l matching p h r a s e s
You can e i t h e r u s e t h e l o n g o r t h e s h o r t o p t i o n name .
7 . Prepend "no" t o s w i t c h an o p t i o n o f f :
: set n o i c
20.4 Language C++
\ s e c t i o n { I n t e r f a c e g r a p h i q u e GTK : GTK+ en C , GTKmm en C++}
h t t p : // forums . c o d e b l o c k s . o r g / i n d e x . php? t o p i c =3181.0
Dans Codeblocks , v o i r P r o j e c t −> B u i l d o p t i o n s
Compiler o p t i o n s
` pkg− c o n f i g gtk + −2.0 −− c f l a g s `
` pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 −− c f l a g s `
Si glade :
` pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 libglademm − 2.4 −− c f l a g s `
E. Branlard
192
Linker option :
` pkg− c o n f i g gtk + −2.0 −− l i b s `
` pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 −− l i b s `
Si glade :
` pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 libglademm − 2.4 −− l i b s `
\ s e c t i o n {Un m a k e f i l e p r o p r e GTKmm}
CC=g++
CFLAGS=−Wall −W −g ` pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 libglademm − 2.4 −− c f l a g s `
LFLAGS=`pkg− c o n f i g gtkmm − 2.4 libglademm − 2.4 −− l i b s `
OBJECTS=main . o a p p l i c a t i o n . o
HEADERS=a p p l i c a t i o n . hpp
TARGET=h e l l o w o r l d
all :
$ (TARGET)
$ (TARGET)
$ (CC)
: $ (OBJECTS)
−o $ (TARGET)
$ (LFLAGS)
$ (OBJECTS)
%.o : %. c c
$ (CC) $ (CFLAGS) −c $< −o $@
clean :
rm − f $ (OBJECTS) $ (TARGET) *~
\ s e c t i o n { h e r i t a g e de gtk : : window}
c l a s s F e n e t r e : p u b l i c Gtk : : Window
{
public :
Fenetre () ;
private :
};
Gtk : : VBox * v ;
Gtk : : Button b1 , b2 ;
Gtk : : La be l * l ;
G l i b : : RefPtr xml ;
Fenetre : : Fenetre () :
v(0) ,
b1 ( "Ok" ) ,
b2 ( " Annule " ) ,
l (0)
E. Branlard
193
{
on c h a r g e l e f i c h i e r
xml = Gnome : : Glade : : Xml : : c r e a t e ( " f e n e t r e . g l a d e " ) ;
//
on r é c u p è r e d e s p o i n t e u r s s u r l e s é l é m e n t s de l ' i n t e r f a c e
xml−>g e t_w i d g e t ( " vbox1 " , v ) ;
xml−>g e t_w i d g e t ( " l a b e l 1 " , l ) ;
//
on d é p l a c e l a VBox de l ' i n s t a n c e g é n é r é e par l e f i c h i e r g l a d e
vers la f e n ê t r e courante
xml−>r e p a r e n t_w i d g e t ( " vbox1 " , * t h i s ) ;
//
//
on c o n n e c t e deux boutons
b1 . s i g n a l_c l i c k e d ( ) . c o n n e c t ( SigC : : s l o t ( * t h i s ,
;
b2 . s i g n a l_c l i c k e d ( ) . c o n n e c t ( SigC : : s l o t ( * t h i s ,
;
//
&Gtk
: : Window : : h i d e ) )
&Gtk
: : Window : : h i d e ) )
on a j o u t e l e s deux boutons p r é c é d e n t s dans n o t r e VBox q u i
appartient à cette instance
v−>add ( b1 ) ;
v−>add ( b2 ) ;
//
//
on a f f i c h e t o u t l e monde
v−>show_ a l l _c h i l d r e n ( ) ;
//
}
i n t main ( i n t argc , c h a r ** argv )
{
Gtk : : Main a p p l i c a t i o n (&argc ,
Fenetre f ;
a p p l i c a t i o n . run ( f ) ;
}
E. Branlard
&argv )
;
194
Chapter
21
Makeles
21.1 Fortran
########################################################################
### General s y n t a x
# t a r g e t : dependencies
#
command
#
### V a r i a b l e s : i n a command :
# $@ : t a r g e t name
# $< : c u r r e n t ( f i r s t ) dependency
# $Ë : a l l dependency , even i n o t h e r f o l d e r s ( c f VPATH)
# $ ? : dependency t h a t have been m o d i f i e d ( were not up t o d a t e )
# $* : t a r g e t name w i t h o u t e x t e n s i o n (%)
# * : l i k e in a s h e l l , * . c * . o
# In t a r g e t and dependency
# % : p a r t i c u l a r t a r g e t or r u l e
#
# Functions $ ()
# SRC:= $ ( w i l d c a r d * . o )
########################################################################
FC
= ifort
CC
= gcc
FFLAGS
= −g
CFLAGS
= −D f 2 c F o r t r a n
LDFLAGS
=
INCLS
=
BINNAME
=
NWTCLIB
= . . / . . /NWTC_Lib / S o u r c e /
INFLOWLIB = . . / . . / InflowWind / S o u r c e /
PATHSEP
=:
########################################################################
SRC=$ ( w i l d c a r d * . f 9 0 )
OBJ= $ ( p a t s u b s t %. f90 , % . o , $ (SRC) )
all :
$ (OBJ)
init :
@echo
@echo
$ (SRC)
$ (OBJ)
195
CHAPTER 21. MAKEFILES
@( cd
@( cd
$ (NWTCLIB)
;
$ (INFLOWLIB)
$ (MAKE)
;
all ) ;
all ) ;
$ (MAKE)
clean :
* . mod * . o
rm
%.o : %. f 9 0
$ (FC) $ (FFLAGS)
$ ( INCLS )
−c
$<
− I $ (NWTCLIB) − I $ (INFLOWLIB)
AeroDyn . o : SharedTypes . o AeroMods . o AeroSubs . o
AeroSubs . o : GenSubs . o AeroMods . o
GenSubs . o : AeroMods . o
21.2 Latex
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# DOCUMENT OPTIONS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
MASTER=WTbook−B r a n l a r d
OS=WINDOWS
USE_BIBTEX=1
USE_MAKEINDEX=1
USE_MAKEGLOSS=0
USE_PSTRICKS=0
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# PATHS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
FIGSDIR=f i g s
FIGSDUMPDIR=figsdump
SVGDIR=svg
SVGTEXDIR=s v g t e x
BIBDIR=b i b
SRCDIR=.
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# BINARIES
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
i f e q ( $ (OS) , Windows_NT)
LATEX = C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / l a t e x
BIBTEX
= C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / b i b t e x
DVIPS = C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / d v i p s
PDFLATEX = C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / p d f l a t e x
MAKEINDEX= C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / makeindex
LATEXHTML= C : / Unix / Miktex / miktex / b i n / l a t e x 2 h t m l
PS4PDF= p s 4 p d f
else
LATEX = l a t e x
BIBTEX
= bibtex
DVIPS =d v i p s
PDFLATEX =p d f l a t e x
MAKEINDEX= makeindex
LATEXHTML= l a t e x 2 h t m l
PS4PDF= p s 4 p d f
endif
test
E. Branlard
:
196
@echo Done
@echo $ (LATEX)
CONVERT=c o n v e r t
LN=l n
PDFTOEPS=p d f t o p s − e p s
EPSTOPDF=e p s t o p d f
SVGTOLATEX=s v g 2 l a t e x . py
SVGTOPDF=i n k s c a p e −D −A
SVGTOEPS=i n k s c a p e −D −E
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# FLAGS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
TEX_FLAGS = −− f i l e − l i n e − e r r o r − s t y l e −− i n t e r a c t i o n=nonstopmode
BIB_FLAGS =
HTML_FLAGS =
PDFLATEX_FLAGS = −− f i l e − l i n e − e r r o r − s t y l e −− i n t e r a c t i o n=nonstopmode
PS2PDF_FLAGS
= −dMaxSubsetPct=100 − d C o m p a t i b i l i t y L e v e l =1.2 −
dSubsetFonts=true −dEmbedAllFonts=true
MAKEINDEX_FLAGS = − s p r e / i n d e x_s t y l e . i s t
MAKEGLOSS_FLAGS = − s p r e / g l o s s a i r e_s t y l e . i s t
DVIPS_FLAGS = −Ppdf −G0
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# SRC FILES
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
FIGS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) /* ) )
FIGSRC=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %, $ ( FIGS ) )
TEXSRC = $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (SRCDIR) / p r e /* . t e x ) \
$ ( w i l d c a r d $ (SRCDIR) / t e x / * . t e x )
BIBSRC = $ ( w i l d c a r d $ ( BIBDIR ) /* . b i b )
# Using B i b t e x
i f n e q ( $ ( s t r i p $ (BIBSRC) ) , )
BBLSRC = $ (MASTER) . b b l
endif
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# D i s p l a y Codes ( t h i s i s so we can t r a c k p a s s e s )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
SETCOLOR_BLACK = @echo " \ \ 0 3 3 [ 0 ; 3 0m"
SETCOLOR_RED = @echo " \ \ 0 3 3 [ 0 ; 3 1m"
SETCOLOR_GREEN = @echo " \ \ 0 3 3 [ 0 ; 3 2m"
SETCOLOR_BLUE = @echo " \ \ 0 3 3 [ 0 ; 3 4m"
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# PNG
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
PNGS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) /* . png ) )
PNGS2EPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (PNGS : . png=. e p s ) )
PNGS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (PNGS : . png=. pdf ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
E. Branlard
197
# JPG
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
JPGS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) /* . j p g ) )
JPGS2EPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (JPGS : . j p g =. e p s ) )
JPGS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (JPGS : . j p g =. pdf ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# EPS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
EPSS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) /* . e p s ) )
EPSS2EPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (EPSS : . e p s =. e p s ) )
EPSS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (EPSS : . e p s =. pdf ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# PDF
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
PDFS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) /* . pdf ) )
PDFS2EPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (PDFS : . pdf =. e p s ) )
PDFS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (PDFS : . pdf =. pdf ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# SVGTEX
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
SVGTEXS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (SVGTEXDIR) /* . svg ) )
SVGTEXS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (SVGTEXS : . svg =. pdf ) )
SVGTEX2SEPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (SVGTEXS : . svg =. e p s ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# SVG
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
SVGS=$ ( n o t d i r $ ( w i l d c a r d $ (SVGDIR) /* . svg ) )
SVGS2PDFS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (SVGS : . svg =. pdf ) )
SVGS2SEPSS=$ ( p a t s u b s t %, $ ( FIGSDIR ) / %, $ (SVGS : . svg =. e p s ) )
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# CONVERSION TO EPS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
$ ( FIGSDIR ) / %. e p s : $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %.png
$ (CONVERT) " $<"
EPS3 : " $@"
$ ( FIGSDIR ) / %. e p s
$ (CONVERT)
" $<"
:
$ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. j p g
EPS3 : " $@"
$ (PDFTOEPS)
: $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. pdf
" $<" " $@"
$ (LN)
" $<" " $@"
:
$ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. e p s
$ (SVGTOLATEX)
: $ (SVGTEXDIR) / %. svg
− f " $<" − l " $ ( FIGSDIR ) /$* . t e x " −e −o
$ (SVGTOEPS)
: $ (SVGDIR) / %. svg
" $@" " $<"
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# CONVERSION TO PDF
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
$ ( FIGSDIR ) / %. pdf : $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %.png
E. Branlard
198
$ (CONVERT)
" $<" " $@"
$ ( FIGSDIR ) / %. pdf
$ (CONVERT)
: $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. j p g
" $<" " $@"
: $ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. e p s
" $<" −− o u t f i l e=" $@"
$ (EPSTOPDF)
$ (LN)
" $<" " $@"
:
$ (FIGSDUMPDIR) / %. pdf
$ (SVGTOLATEX)
: $ (SVGTEXDIR) / %. svg
− f " $<" − l " $ ( FIGSDIR ) /$* . t e x " −o
$ (SVGTOPDF)
: $ (SVGDIR) / %. svg
" $@" " $<"
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# MAIN COMMANDS
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
all : allpdf
allpdf :
#
figspdf pdfall
$ (MASTER)
. pdf
#$ (MASTER) . p d f
$ (TEXSRC)
$ (FIGSRC)
$ (BIBSRC)
clean :
@rm − f * . aux * . b b l * . b l g * . l o g * . d v i * . i d x * . i l g * . i n d * . t o c * . l o t * . thm
* . cb * . cb2 * . g l s * . mtc0\
* . l o f *~ * . bak * . b l g * . exa * . adx * . bmt * . mtc * . out * . som * . g l o * . g l x * .
t n s * . t p t * . maf * . b r f
cleansvgs :
rm − f $ (SVGTEXS2PDFS)
figssvg :
$ (SVGTEXS2PDFS)
$ (SVGS2PDFS)
$ (SVGS2PDFS)
cleanfigs :
rm − f $ ( FIGSDIR ) / *
f i g s p d f : $ (JPGS2PDFS) $ (PNGS2PDFS)
EPSS2PDFS) $ (PDFS2PDFS)
$ (SVGTEXS2PDFS)
$ (SVGS2PDFS)
$(
f i g s e p s : $ (JPGS2EPSS) $ (PNGS2EPSS)
EPSS2EPSS ) $ (PDFS2EPSS)
$ (SVGTEXS2EPSS)
$ (SVGS2EPSS)
$(
fipspng :
figslower :
E. Branlard
199
for
i i n figsdump /* ; do e x t =` echo $$ { i #* . } | t r
mv " $$ i " " $$ { i %. * } . $$ e x t " ; done
' [ : upper : ] '
' [ : lower : ] ' ` ;
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# SEQUENCES
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
pdf :
$ (PDFLATEX) $ (PDFLATEX_FLAGS) $ (MASTER)
pdfall :
i f e q ( $ (USE_PSTRICKS) , 1 )
@echo "======================================= PSTRICKS
================================================"
$ (PS4PDF) $ (MASTER) . t e x
endif
@echo "======================================= PDFLATEX1
================================================"
i f e q ( $ (USE_BIBTEX) , 1 )
@echo "=======================================
BIBTEX
================================================"
$ (BIBTEX) $ ( BIB_FLAGS) $ (MASTER)
endif
i f e q ( $ (USE_MAKEINDEX) , 1 )
@echo "======================================= MAKEINDEX
================================================"
$ (MAKEINDEX) $ (MAKEINDEX_FLAGS) $ (MASTER)
endif
i f e q ( $ (USE_MAKEGLOSS) , 1 )
@echo "======================================= MAKEGLOSS
================================================"
$ (MAKEINDEX) $ (MAKEGLOSS_FLAGS) −o $ (MASTER) . g l s $ (MASTER) . g l o
endif
@echo "======================================= PDFLATEX2
================================================"
@echo "======================================= PDFLATEX3
================================================"
#~
#~
#~
#~
$ (LATEX)
$ (DVIPS)
$ (TEX_FLAGS)
$ (MASTER)
$ (DVIPS_FLAGS)
−o $ (FIGSDIR) /PSTRICKSFIGURES . ps $ (MASTER) .
dvi
$ (PS2PDF) − dAutoRotatePages=/ None
p s t −pdf −example1 −
pics . pdf
latexquick :
$ (LATEX) $ (MASTER)
latex :
$ (LATEX) $ (TEX_FLAGS) $ (MASTER)
$ (BIBTEX) $ ( BIB_FLAGS) $ (MASTER)
E. Branlard
200
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# LATEX
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# To a c c o m p l i s h 2 c o m p i l a t i o n we c h a i n from t e x −>aux−>d v i
# To g e n e r a t e a . aux f i l e from a . t e x f i l e
# To g e n e r a t e a . d v i f i l e from a . t e x f i l e
$ (MASTER) . d v i : $ (MASTER) . aux
$ (LATEX) $ (TEX_FLAGS) $< >/ dev / n u l l
# To g e n e r a t e a . ps f i l e from a . d v i f i l e
$ (MASTER) . ps : $ (MASTER) . d v i
$ (DVIPS) $ (DVIPS_FLAGS) −o $@ $<
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# INDEX
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
i n d e x : $ (MASTER) . aux $ (MASTER) . i d x $ (MASTER) . i l g $ (MASTER) . i n d
# To g e n e r a t e a . i d x f i l e from a . t e x f i l e
%. i l g : %. i d x
$ (MAKEINDEX) $ (MAKEINDEX_FLAGS) $ ( *F)
bibindex : bibtex index
#makeindex − s b i b i d x / manuel . i s t $ (MASTER)
#makeindex − s b i b i d x / g l o s s a i r e . i s t $ (MASTER) . g l o −o
#b i b t e x $ (MASTER)
$ (MASTER)
. glx
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# HTML Output
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
html :
$ (MASTER) . html f i p s p n g
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# PDFLATEX
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
$ (MASTER) . pdf : $ (MASTER) . t e x
$ (PDFLATEX) $ (PDFLATEX_FLAGS) $<
%.aux : %. t e x
$ (PDFLATEX)
$ (PDFLATEX_FLAGS)
$<
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
# BIBTEX
#−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
%. b b l : %. t e x
i f n e q ( $ ( s t r i p $ (BIBSRC) ) , )
echo " Here "
$ (BIBTEX) $ ( BIB_FLAGS) $ ( *F)
E. Branlard
201
endif
# Dependencies
#$ (MASTER) . t e x
#$ (MASTER) . aux
#$ (MASTER) . b b l
#$ (MASTER) . p d f
#$ (MASTER) . d v i
E. Branlard
:
:
:
:
:
$ (TEXSRC)
$ (FIGSRC)
$ (BIBSRC)
$ (MASTER)
$ (TEXSRC)
$ (FIGSRC)
$ (BBLSRC)
. aux
$ (MASTER) . aux $ (TEXSRC) $ (FIGSRC)
$ (TEXSRC) $ (FIGSRC)
$ (BBLSRC)
$ (BBLSRC)
$ (BIBSRC)
202
Chapter
22
Kernel compilation
## S o l u t i o n a l a main ( modules_ i n s t a l l e s f o u t l e s modules dans
modules )
# cd / u s r / s r c / l i n u x
# make c l e a n
# make menuconfig
# make && make modules_ i n s t a l l
# make i n s t a l l
#
#
#
#
/lib/
cp arch / i 3 8 6 / b o o t / bzImage / b o o t / k e r n e l − 2.6.26 − x−y
cp . c o n f i g / b o o t / c o n f i g − 2.6.26 − x−y
v i /boot/grub/grub . conf
reboot
## S o l u t i o n d e b i a n s i m p l e
# make−kpkg −− i n i t r d −− r e v i s i o n =1 k e r n e l_image k e r n e l_h e a d e r s
# cd . . /
# dpkg − i l i n u x * . deb
## S o l u t i o n d e b i a n avec c o m p i l a t i o n s modules
# man make−dpkg
# p u t modules s o u r c e s i n / u s r / s r c / modules ( d e f a u l t l o c a t i o n )
make−kpkg −− i n i t r d −−append−to − v e r s i o n =. rastamanu −− r e v i s i o n =2 −−added−
modules=n v i d i a − k e r n e l , broadcom− s t a k e r n e l_image k e r n e l_h e a d e r s modules
_image
make−kpkg −−append−to − v e r s i o n =.batmanu −− r e v i s i o n =1 −−added−modules=n v i d i a
− k e r n e l , broadcom− s t a k e r n e l_image k e r n e l_h e a d e r s modules_image
make−kpkg −−append−to − v e r s i o n =. ironmanu −− r e v i s i o n =1 −−added−modules=
n v i d i a − k e r n e l , broadcom− s t a k e r n e l_image k e r n e l_h e a d e r s modules_image
a f t e r i n s t a l l , t h e modules a r e i n t h e f o l d e r
( default locations
/ u s r / s r c / modules
for
modules s o u r c e s )
203
/ l i b / modules /
CHAPTER 22. KERNEL COMPILATION
(
make−kpkg k e r n e l_source
make−kpkg k e r n e l_doc
)
## S o l u t i o n d e b i a n Target b u i l d p a c k a g e c r e e t o u s l e s deb : k e r n e l_image ,
dbg , headers , doc , e t c . . .
su −c ' make−kpkg −− i n i t r d b u i l d p a c k a g e '
cd . .
su −c ' dpkg − i l i n u x * . deb '
L i v r e u t i l e − Linux K e r n e l i n a N u t s h e l l
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
h t t p : //www. kroah . com/ l k n /
−> P r i n c i p e
Tout c e q u i d o i t ê t r e c h a r g é en permance a c o m p i l e r en dur ( ext3 , a c p i
co . . . ) e t l e r e s t e en module ( c r y p t a g e notement )
E. Branlard
et
204
Dépendances
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−>Paquets b a s i q u e :
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l b u i l d − e s s e n t i a l k e r n e l −package i n i t r a m f s − t o o l s
f a k e r o o t debconf − u t i l s dpkg−dev d e b h e l p e r b i n 8 6
−>Paquets pour c r é e r l e " . c o n f i g "
" . c o n f i g " , c ' e s t l e f i c h i e r de c o n f i g u r a t i o n c o n t e n a n t l e s i n s t r u c t i o n s de
compilation .
* Pour une i n t e r f a c e g r a p h i q u e ( b l e u e ) en c o n s o l e : i n s t a l l e z l e paquet
l i b n c u r s e s 5 −dev
Pour une i n t e r f a c e en TK : i n s t a l l e z l e paquet tk −dev
* Pour une i n t e r f a c e en GTK+ ( noyau 2 . 6 s e u l e m e n t ) : i n s t a l l e z l e s p a q u e t s
l i b g l i b 2 .0 − dev l i b g t k 2 .0 − dev l i b g l a d e 2 −dev
Pour c r é e r une c o n f i g u r a t i o n en mode c o n s o l e :
make c o n f i g ## D é c o n s e i l l é pour l e s d é b u t a n t s e t même l e s a u t r e s
Pour c r é e r une c o n f i g u r a t i o n en mode semi −g r a p h i q u e ( menu b l e u ) :
make menuconfig
Pour c r é e r une c o n f i g u r a t i o n en GTK :
make g c o n f i g
Pour c r é e r une c o n f i g u r a t i o n en TK ou en QT :
make x c o n f i g
−> D r o i t d ' e c r i t u r e pour l e s s o u r c e s :
$groups
S i vous n ' a p p a r t e n e z pas au groupe " s r c " , a j o u t e z −vous :
$ sudo a d d u s e r $USERNAME s r c ## b e s o i n de s e fermer l a s e s s i o n pour que
c e t t e commande prenne e f f e t .
$ sudo chown $USERNAME / u s r / s r c ## s i l a commande du d e s s u s ne vous donne
pas l ' a c c è s en é c r i t u r e du d o s s i e r / u s r / s r c . . .
I l f a u t maintenant s e r e c o n n e c t e r s o u s v o t r e l o g i n pour que l e s nouveaux
droits soit fonctionnels .
su − $USERNAME ## E n t r e r v o t r e mot de p a s s e
A l l e z dans l e r é p e r t o i r e
cd / u s r / s r c
/usr/ src
:
Téléchargement d e s s o u r c e s
E. Branlard
205
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−> Le k e r n e l
T e l e c h a r g e s l e d e r n i e r k e r n e l s t a b l e h t t p : //www. k e r n e l . o r g / pub / l i n u x /
k e r n e l / . 4 . t a r . bz2 ( wget . . . )
OU
#a p t i t u d e s e a r c h l i n u x −s o u r c e
# a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l l i n u x −source − 2.6.24
( p l a c é dans / u s r / s r c / )
Avec v o t r e u t i l i s a t e u r , p l a c e z vous dans v o t r e r é p e r t o i r e p e r s o n n e l $ {HOME
} p u i s c r é e z un r é p e r t o i r e s r c / , décompactez l ' a r c h i v e c o n t e n a n t l e s
s o u r c e s du noyau :
$ mkdir $ {HOME} / s r c && cd $ {HOME} / s r c /
$ t a r − x v f / u s r / s r c / l i n u x −source − 2 . 6 . 2 4 . t a r . bz2
Vous o b t e n e z un r é p e r t o i r e $ {HOME} / s r c / l i n u x −source − 2 . 6 . 2 4 . Nous a l l o n s
f a i r e un l i e n s y m b o l i q u e p o i n t a n t s u r l e r é p e r t o i r e précédemment c r é é
e t nous p l a c e r e n f i n dans l e r é p e r t o i r e d e s s o u r c e s :
$ l n − s $ {HOME} / s r c / l i n u x −source − 2 . 6 . 2 4 $ {HOME} / s r c / l i n u x
−> l e s modules c o m p l é m e n t a i r e s : a l s a e t n v i d i a
( i n s t a l l e r e t decompacter l e s s o u r c e s )
Pour l a c o m p i l a t i o n r a j o u t e r :
−−added−modules=a l s a − d r i v e r , n v i d i a − k e r n e l −new
La c o n f i g u r a t i o n du . c o n f i g
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
On peut commencer par p r e n d r e l e . c o n f i g a c t u e l :
cp / boot / c o n f i g * / . c o n f i g
$ {HOME} / s r c / l i n u x / . c o n f i g
A f i n de c o n n a î t r e p r é c i s é m e n t v o t r e m a t é r i e l , vous pouvez u t i l i s e r l e s
commandes
$lspci
$ lshw , s a n s o u b l i e r l ' a r b o r e s c e n c e / p r o c /
h t t p : // doc . ubuntu− f r . o r g / t u t o r i e l / k e r n e l_o p t i o n s
Les o p t i o n s s e c t i o n par s e c t i o n
E. Branlard
206
* Code m a t u r i t y l e v e l o p t i o n s : Permet de c a c h e r ou de f a i r e a p p a r a î t r e
l e s o p t i o n s q u i s o n t e n c o r e en développement e t donc c o n s i d é r é e s
comme i n s t a b l e s ( s o u v e n t u t i l e de d i r e ' oui ' i c i s i l ' on veut
p o u v o i r p r o f i t e r d e s d e r n i è r e s a v a n c é e s du noyau ) .
* G e n e r a l s e t u p : Ensemble d ' o p t i o n s g é n é r a l e s s u r v o t r e système ( s a u f
s i vous v o u l e z c o m p i l e r pour d e s a r c h i t e c t u r e s t r è s p a r t i c u l i è r e s ,
vous pouvez l e l a i s s e r t e l q u e l ) .
* Loadable module s u p p o r t : Options c o n c e r n a n t l a g e s t i o n d e s modules (
l e d é f a u t e s t p r e s q u e t o u j o u r s c o r r e c t pour une u t i l i s a t i o n normale
).
* Block l a y e r : Les e n t r é e s / s o r t i e s s u r v o t r e c a r t e −mère ( i n u t i l e d ' y
toucher ) .
* Processor
type
type and f e a t u r e s : Options r e l a t i v e s au ( x ) p r o c e s s e u r ( s ) :
( x86 , Sparc , . . . ) , hyper −thread , dual −c o r e , SMP, e t c .
* Power management o p t i o n s (ACPI , APM) : Options c o n c e r n a n t l ' économie
d ' é n e r g i e , l a mise en v e i l l e
et
l ' ACPI/APM.
* Bus o p t i o n s ( PCI , PCMCIA, EISA , MCA, ISA ) : G e s t i o n de t o u s l e s
e n d r o i t s où vous p o u r r i e z e n f i c h e r d e s c a r t e s ( PCI , PCMCIA, ISA ,
etc ) .
* E x e c u t a b l e f i l e f o r m a t s : La g e s t i o n d e s f i c h i e r s e x é c u t a b l e ( Le
s u p p p o r t ELF d o i t t o u j o u r s ê t r e à 'Y' ) .
* Networking : Options c o n c e r n a n t l e s p r o t o c o l e s r é s e a u g é r é s par v o t r e
noyau ( l e d é f a u t e s t b i e n s o u v e n t s u f f i s a n t , mais j e t e z y un coup
d ' o e i l à tout hasard ) .
* D ev ic e D r i v e r s : Options c o n c e r n a n t t o u s l e s p i l o t e s m a t é r i e l ( c ' e s t
b i e n s o u v e n t i c i que l ' on p a s s e l e p l u s de temps ) .
* F i l e s y s t e m s : Options c o n c e r n a n t l e s s y s t è m e s de f i c h i e r s g é r é s par
v o t r e noyau ( vous a u r e z à y j e t e r un coup d ' o e i l ) .
* I n s t r u m e n t a t i o n Support : Option de p r o f i l a g e du noyau ( i n u t i l e de l '
activer ) .
* K e r n e l h a c k i n g ; Options de déboguage du noyau ( i n u t i l e de l ' a c t i v e r
s a u f s i vous avez d e s e n v i e s p a r t i c u l i è r e s ) .
* S e c u r i t y o p t i o n s : Options c o n c e r n a n t l e modèle de s é c u r i t é de v o t r e
noyau ( l e d é f a u t e s t s u f f i s a n t )
* C r y p t o g r a p h i c o p t i o n s : A l g o r i t h m e s c r y p t o g r a p h i q u e s pouvant ê t r e
i m p l a n t é s dans l e noyau ( l e d é f a u t e s t s u f f i s a n t ) .
* L i b r a r y r o u t i n e s : B i b l i o t h è q u e s communes du noyau ( l e d é f a u t e s t
suffisant )
La c o m p i l a t i o n
E. Branlard
207
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−> Options :
−Les modules c o m p l é m e n t a i r e s :
−−added−modules=a l s a − d r i v e r , n v i d i a − k e r n e l − l e g a c y
− A j o u t e r un nom de v e r s i o n :
−−append−to − v e r s i o n =. ` d a t e +%y%m%d `
−S i f a k e r o o t i n s t a l l é
−−rootcmd f a k e r o o t
−i n i t r d
Cela permet de c r é e r un f i c h i e r i n i t r d . Cela e s t p a r t i c u l i è r e m e n t u t i l e
s i vous s o u h a i t e z u t i l i s e r d e s modules du noyau a f i n qu ' i l s s o i e n t
p r i s en compte d è s
l ' amorçage de l ' image de v o t r e noyau .
Notez que c e t t e o p t i o n n é c e s s i t e l e paquet i n i t r a m f s − t o o l s , que vous
pouvez i n s t a l l e r en t a p a n t :
# a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l i n i t r a m f s −t o o l s
− l e s c i b l e s de make−kpkg : s o n t par exemple c l e a n , b i n a r y ( f a i s . deb doc
e t c e t grub ) , k e r n e l_image ( f a i s . deb e t grub ) , ou b u i l d p a c k a g e ( q u i
f a i t c l e a n et b i n a r y )
−> C o m p i l a t i o n
Sous Ubuntu :
sudo make−kpkg −− i n i t r d b u i l d p a c k a g e
Sous Debian
su −c ' make−kpkg −− i n i t r d b u i l d p a c k a g e '
Retournez dans l e d o s s i e r p r é c é d e n t :
cd . .
I n s t a l l a t i o n d e s * . deb
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Sous Ubuntu
sudo dpkg − i l i n u x * . deb
Sous Debian
D e s i n s t a l l a t i o n du k e r n e l
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
a p t i t u d e remove −−purge k e r n e l −image − 2.6.7 − ` d a t e +%y%%m%d `
h t t p : // doc . ubuntu− f r . o r g / t u t o r i e l / comment_c o m p i l e r_un_k e r n e l_de_k e r n e l . o r g
h t t p : //www. a n d e s i . o r g / noyau : c o m p i l a t i o n −d−un−noyau−a−l a −sauce −d e b i a n
E. Branlard
208
h t t p : // g e r s h w i n . e n s . f r / v d a n i e l / Doc−L o c a l e / O u t i l s −Gnu−Linux / Linux_Doc /YAGIL
− 2 . 2 . 1 /HTML/ c4517 . html
E. Branlard
209
Chapter
23
Old notes on linux
23.1 Google Earth
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l g o o g l e e a r t h −package
make− g o o g l e e a r t h −package
sudo dpkg − i g o o g l e e a r t h_4 . 2 . 2 0 5 . 5 7 3 0 + 0 . 5 . 2 − 1_i 3 8 6 . deb
23.2 Matlab : Ajouter un repertoire dans la variable PATH
Unix Systems
On a Unix computer you can s e t t h e MATLABPATH environment v a r i a b l e by
t y p i n g something l i k e t h e f o l l o w i n g a t t h e sytem prompt ( not t h e MATLAB
prompt ) . S i p l u s i e u r s paths , l e s c o n c a t e n e r avec " : " .
export MATLABPATH=/ home / s h a r e / C o n f i g / matlab
I t doesn ' t seem t o work , s o u s e Matlab d i r e c t l y : F i l e / S e t Path . . .
I f you don ' t have w r i t i n g r i g h t s , then s a v e p a t h d e f .m and copy i t t o t h e
b i n d i r e c t o r y o f matlab
23.3 Congure skype sound
Son e n t r a n t : HDAINTEL
Le p l u s i m p o r t a n t :
D i g i t a l i n p u t source must be d i g i t a l mic 1 , i n s t e a d o f a n a l o g i n p u t
Plus c l a i r e m e n t :
Avec x f c e 4 −mixer :
Onglet Capture :
Capture e t d i g i t a l en mode en r e g i s t r e m e n t
Onglet Options :
MicJacMode Mic In
Playback S o u r c e : Analog mux 1
Peut− e t r e : v i r e r p u l s e a u d i o
210
CHAPTER 23. OLD NOTES ON LINUX
23.4 Hacker xterm - source code
h t t p : //www. davidsimmons . com/ s o f t / xtermhacks /
S o u r c e code :
h t t p : // i n v i s i b l e − i s l a n d . n e t / xterm / xterm . html
23.5 Congurer Geany
h t t p : // marcimat . magraine . n e t / Geany−SVN−et− p l u g i n s −sous −Ubuntu
Transformer l e s c a r a c t Ã ¨ r e s a c c e n t u Ã © s en un coup de crayon
* sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l r e c o d e
* C l i c d r o i t dans geany > format > e n v o y e r s Ã © l e c t i o n > d Ã © f i n i r une
commande p e r s o n n a l i s Ã © e
* a j o u t e r r e c o d e . . html
* Puis E d i t e r > p r Ã © f Ã © r e n c e s > r a c c o u r c i s > format > Envoyer v e r s l a
commande p e r s o n n a l i s Ã © e 1 . S Ã © l e c t i o n n e r v o t r e r a c c o u r c i . . . pour
moi , c e s e r a : c o n t r o l+&
23.6 Telecharger les jaquettes des pistes de la liste de lecture d'amarok
dans leur dossier
for
( ( i =0; i <` dcop amarok p l a y l i s t getTotalTrackCount ` ; i ++)) ; do echo "
Traitement de : ` dcop amarok p l a y e r nowPlaying ` " ; cp − f " $ ( dcop amarok
p l a y e r coverImage ) " " $ ( dirname " $ ( dcop amarok p l a y e r path ) " ) " / " $ ( dcop
amarok p l a y e r a r t i s t ) " \ −\ " $ ( dcop amarok p l a y e r album ) " . j p g " " ; dcop
amarok p l a y e r next ; done
( ( i =0; i <` dcop amarok p l a y l i s t getTotalTrackCount ` ; i ++)) \
" Traitement de : ` dcop amarok p l a y e r nowPlaying ` " ; \
cp " $ ( dcop amarok p l a y e r path ) " " $ ( dcop amarok p l a y e r nowPlaying ) "
dcop amarok p l a y e r next ; \
done ;
for
do echo
23.7 Cong souris logitech lx8 left handed
h t t p : // tuxtweaks . com/ 2008 / 09 /how−to −south −paw− l o g i t e c h −lx8 −in − l i n u x /
# t o u t d ' abord l a c o n f i g de b a s e de x o r g . c o n f
Section " InputDevice "
Identifier
" C o n f i g u r e d Mouse"
Driver
"mouse"
Option
" CorePointer "
Option
" D ev i ce " " / dev / i n p u t / mice "
Option " P r o t o c o l " " ExplorerPS / 2 "
Option " ZAxisMapping " " 4 5 "
Option " ButtonMapping " " 1 2 3 8 9 6 7 " #RH
# Option " ButtonMapping " "3 2 1 9 8 6 7" #LH
EndSection
# E n s u i t e g e r e l ' a l t e r n a n c e avec xmodmap dans . b a s h r c
E. Branlard
211
# a l i a s e s f o r l e f t and r i g h t handed L o g i t e c h LX8 mice
a l i a s lhm='xmodmap −e " p o i n t e r = 3 2 1 4 5 7 6 8 9 " '
a l i a s rhm='xmodmap −e " p o i n t e r = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 " '
## f a i r e marcher l e s c o l l h o r i z o n t a l
#h t t p : // t u x t w e a k s . com/ 2008 / 12 / update − l o g i t e c h −l x 8 −in −ubuntu /
23.8 Mise en veille et hibernation qui plante avec cartes Nvidia
R a j o u t e r dans l a s e c t i o n d e v i c e de
Option
"NvAGP" " 1 "
Option
"NoLogo" " t r u e "
/ e t c / X11 / xorg
Peut e t r e M o d i f i e r / e t c / a c p i / s l e e p . sh
# Ajout s i n o n c r a s h on resume . Copie l i g n e de h i b e r n a t i o n . sh
# Unset v i d e o p o s t i n g
unset POST_VIDEO
S i l a mise en v e i l l e s u r ram ( s u s p e n d r e ) ou s u r d i s q u e ( h i b e r n e r ) ne
f o n c t i o n n e pas , i l e s t p o s s i b l e d ' u t i l i s e r une a u t r e mÃ©thode u t i l i s a n t
l e paquet apt : // uswsusp .
h t t p : //www. s h a l l o w s k y . com/ l i n u x / x−s c r e e n −b l a n k i n g . html
23.9 Equivalent win split revolution with wmctrl - raccourcis clavier
xfce
SEE MY SECTION ON TILING ! ! ! ! ! ! USE PYWO
Les r a c c o u r c i s c l a v i e r x f c e s o n t s t o c k e s dans :
. c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / x f c o n f . . . . s h o r t c u r t s . xml
Modifier le f i c h i e r xfce
. config/xfce4/xfconf . . . .
sudo a p t i t u d e i n s t a l l wmctrl
TopLeft :
ACTIVE : −e 1 , 8 3 , 0 , 6 6 4 , 4 6 0
TopRight :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 4 5 , 0 , 6 6 4 , 4 6 0
Bottom L e f t :
ACTIVE : −e 1 , 8 3 , 4 4 4 , 6 6 4 , 4 4 4
Bottom Right :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 4 5 , 4 4 5 , 6 6 4 , 4 4 4
E. Branlard
212
bottom :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 8 3 , 4 4 5 , 1 3 2 2 , 4 4 4
top :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 8 3 , 0 , 1 3 2 2 , 4 6 0
left :
ACTIVE : −e 1 , 8 3 , 0 , 6 6 4 , 8 8 6
right :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 4 5 , 0 , 6 6 4 , 8 8 6
Middle :
ACTIVE : −e 0 , 8 3 , 0 , 1 3 2 2 , 8 9 8
Modifier le f i c h i e r xfce
. config/xfce4/xfconf . . . .
<c h a n n e l name=" x f c e 4 −keyboard − s h o r t c u t s " v e r s i o n=" 1 . 0 ">























<p r o p e r t y name="& l t ; C o n t r o l&g t ;& l t ; Alt&g t ;KP_1 " type=" s t r i n g " v a l u e=
" wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −b remove , maximized_v e r t , maximized_h o r z ;
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 0 , 4 4 5 , 6 4 4 , 4 3 0 " />
E. Branlard
213
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 3 8 , 0 , 6 4 4 , 4 3 0 " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 0 , 0 , 6 4 4 , 8 7 6 " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 3 8 , 4 4 5 , 1 2 9 8 , 4 3 0 " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 3 8 , 4 4 5 , 6 4 4 , 4 3 0 " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 1 , 0 , 0 , 1 2 9 8 , 4 3 0 " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 1 , 1 , 0 , 6 4 4 , 4 3 0 " />
" wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −b add , maximized_v e r t , maximized_h o r z " />
wmctrl − r : ACTIVE : −e 0 , 7 3 8 , 0 , 6 4 4 , 8 7 6 " />
23.10 Tip XFCE : How to include all application while switching
windows
There a r e some hidden o p t i o n with Xfce t h a t a l l o w s t h e p a n e l a s w e l l a s
apps l i k e Gkrellm t o be i n c l u d e d while you s w i t c h from one window t o
a n o t h e r with t h e Alt+Tab s h o r t c u t .
Just e d i t the f i l e
~/ .
c o n f i g / x f c e 4 / xfwm4 / xfwm4rc and add t h e l i n e below
c y c l e_minimum= f a l s e
23.11 Migrate from Ext3 a Ext4
% References
I n s p i r e de :
h t t p : //www. w e b s t r a t . f r / b l o g /web−t e c h n o l o g y / migrer −s e s − p a r t i t i o n s −ext3 −v e r s
−ext4 −sous −l i n u x −ubuntu
Rescue CD u t i l i s e : ( i l f a u t un v e r s i o n r e c e n t e pour a v o i r l e s u p p o r t e x t 4 )
h t t p : //www. s y s r e s c c d . o r g / S y s r e s c c d −manual−en_How_t o_ i n s t a l l _SystemRescueCd
_on_an_USB− s t i c k
% Intro
Ci− d e s s o u s comment m i g r e r l a p a r t i t i o n systeme du format e x t 3 a e x t 4 .
Pour e v i t e r t o u t e p e r t e de donnee , on va d ' abord t e s t e r s u r une p a r t i t i o n
i n t e r m e d i a i r e , p u i s e n s u i t e recommencer l a meme o p e r a t i o n , de s o r t e qu '
on a t o u j o u r s une p a r t i t i o n avec un system complet .
( s i p a r t i t i o n home s e p a r e e , idem mais moins dur )
% Step 1
P a r t i t i o n systeme : sda3
E. Branlard
214
Avec gparted , c r e e r une p a r t i t i o n e x t 4 a u s s i grande que sda3 −> i c i sda9
% Step 2
Booter s u r un l i v e CD avec s u p p o r t e x t 4 e t grub ( s u r c l e f USB, c ' e s t
beaucoup p l u s r a p i d e ! )
− monter l e s deux p a r t i t i o n s
mount − t e x t 3 / dev / sda3 /mnt/ deb3
mount − t e x t 4 / dev / sda9 /mnt/ deb4
− c o p i e r de l ' un a l ' a u t r e ( v pour v e r s a t i l e ) :
r s y n c −av /mnt/ deb3 /* /mnt/ deb4 /
( Perso , s o u s mon systeme ( pas l e l i v e CD) , j ' a i f a i t l a c o p i e de t o u s l e s
g r o s r e p e r t o i r e s de " / " s a u f / sys , / p r o c e t / dev avec l a commande
cp −a / b i n / boot / var / e t c / / u s r / opt / l i b / media / P a r t i t i o n E x t 4
Le "−a " e s t i m p o r t a n t pour l e s l i e n s s y m b o l i q u e s !
Puis , s o u s l e l i v e CD, j ' a i f i n a l i s Ã © avec un r s y n c . Ca permet de
c o n t i n u e r a b o s s e r s u r son systeme normal pendant l a c o p i e de l a
plupart des f i c h i e r s systemes . )
% Step 3 ( Sous l e l i v e CD t o u j o u r s )
− on i n s t a l l l e grub de sda9 dans l e MBR
grub − i n s t a l l −− r o o t − d i r=/mnt/ deb4 / dev / sda
− A c e s t a d e , s i on r e d e m a r r e on aura t o u j o u r s l e systeme p r e c e d e n t , c a r
l e s f i c h i e r s du boot de sda9 s o n t i d e n t i q u e s a ceux de sda3 e t donc
r e f e r e n t au boot de sda3 ( hd0 , 2 ) . Du coup , i l f a u t m o d i f i e r l e f i c h i e r
/mnt/ deb4 / boot /menu . l s t e t r e m p l a c e r l e s ( hd0 , 2 ) par ( hd0 , 8 ) e t sda3
par sda9 .
% Step 4 ( Sous l e l i v e CD t o u j o u r s )
on m o d i f i e l e / e t c / f s t a b pour que l a p a r t i t i o n
/
s o i t b i e n sda9
%
−
−
−
Step 5
on r e d e m a r r e
au menu grub , on v e r i f i e que c ' e s t b i e n l e grub de sda9
on v e r i f i e que c ' e s t b i e n l e systeme de sda9 q u i e s t l a n c e e s t pas c e l u i
de sda3
− une f o i s l e system en p l a c e , on f a i t un update −grub .
% Step 6
S i t o u t marche i m p e c c a b l e , on recommence t o u t . On f o r m a t t e sda3 , on c o p i e
de sda9 a sda3 , i n s t a l l e grub e t f s t a b , redemarrage , t e s t s , update −grub
e t on supprime sda9 .
23.12 Fluxbox et wi
dans l e . f l u x b o x de home , r a j o u t e r :
nm− a p p l e t &
btw networkmanager need h a l and dbus t o be s t a r t e d .
DAEMONS=( s y s l o g −ng ! network h a l dhcdbd networkmanager n e t f s crond ipw3945d
)
23.13 WIFI, et GESTIONNAIRE DE TROUSSEAU
E. Branlard
215
Avoir s a c o n n e x i o n w i f i mais a chaque f o i s Ã ª t r e o b l i g Ã © de r e n t r e r l e mot
de p a s s e du t r o u s s e a u pour p o u v o i r s e c o n n e c t e r , c ' e s t un peu l o u r d ,
s u r t o u t quand vous Ã ª t e s t o u t s e u l s u r v o t r e machine , nous a l l o n s donc
a u t o m a t i s e r t o u t Ã§a g r a c e Ã PAM q u i g Ã ¨ r e l ' a u t h e n t i f i c a t i o n
automatique .
I l vous f a u t avant t o u t i n s t a l l e r c e c i =>
Code :
b u i l d −e s s e n t i a l
libtool
l i b g l i b 2 .0 − dev
libgnome −k e y r i n g −dev
libpam0g −dev
E n s u i t e i n s t a l l e z c e c i pam_k e y r i n g .
Maintenant vous avez j u s t e Ã c o n f i g u r e r l e f i c h i e r gdm dans
/ e t c /pam . d / .
a j o u t e z Ã l a f i n du document =>
Code :
auth o p t i o n a l pam_k e y r i n g . s o t r y_ f i r s t _p a s s
s e s s i o n o p t i o n a l pam_k e y r i n g . s o
23.14 Probleme gnome barre verticale - liste de fenetres
h t t p s : // bugs . launchpad . n e t / ubuntu /+source / gnome−p a n e l /+bug / 187540
I ' ve c r e a t e d p a t c h e s f o r gnome−p a n e l and l i b w n c k s o l v i n g t h i s bug .
A p p l i c a b l e f o r gnome−p a n e l 1 : 2 . 2 2 . 2 − 0 ubuntu1 and l i b w n c k 2 2 2.22.1 − 0
ubuntu1 a s they a r e i n Hardy .
Dans un p r e m i e r temps on t e l e c h a r g e l e s o u t i l s n e c e s s a i r e s , l e s s o u r c e s
p a q u e t s d ' i n s t a l l . On p l a c e r a t o u t ca dans l e r e p e r t o i r e gnomepatch
Depuis l e r e p e r t o i r e p e r s o :
mkdir gnomepatch
cd gnomepatch
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l f a k e r o o t
sudo apt −g e t i n s t a l l d e v s c r i p t
sudo apt −g e t b u i l d −dep gnome−p a n e l
sudo apt −g e t b u i l d −dep l i b w n c k
apt −g e t source gnome−p a n e l
apt −g e t source l i b w n c k
et
E n s u i t e , r e c u p e r e r l e s p a t c h s de p u i s l e s i t e
h t t p s : // bugs . launchpad . n e t / ubuntu /+source / gnome−p a n e l /+bug / 187540
( j e l e s a i g a r d e s s u r mon d i s q u e )
D e t a r r e r paskma−patch . t a r en mettant t o u s l e s f i c h i e r s dans n o t r e
r e p e r t o i r e gnomepatch
I l f a u d r a p e u t e t r e m o d i f i e r l e s f i c h i e r s s i l e s v e r s i o n s s o n t mauvaises .
Pour moi , l i b w n c k en e t a i t a l a v e r s i o n 3 e t non 1 .
On patch :
patch −p0 < gnome−panel −paskma . patch
patch −p0 < gnome−panel −paskma−c h a g n e l o g . patch
patch −p0 < libwnck −paskma . patch
patch −p0 < libwnck −paskma−c h a g n e l o g . patch
E. Branlard
216
gnome−panel − 2 . 2 2 . 2
d e b u i l d −us −uc
cd . .
cd
libwnck − 2 . 2 2 . 1
d e b u i l d −us −uc
cd . .
cd
On i n s t a l l e
sudo dpkg − i * . deb
23.15 Mot de passe mise en veille
gcon f − e d i t o r
Se r e n d r e dans l a branche apps > gnome−power−manager > l o c k
DÃ©cocher l a c a se h i b e r n a t e pour d Ã © s a c t i v e r l e mot de p a s s e l o r s de l a
s o r t i e du mode h i b e r n a t i o n .
DÃ©cocher l a c a se suspend pour d Ã © s a c t i v e r l e mot de p a s s e l o r s de l a
s o r t i e du mode v e i l l e .
DÃ©cocher l a c a se gnome_k e y r i n g_h i b e r n a t e pour ne pas b l o q u e r l e mot de
p a s s e du t r o u s s e a u l o r s de l a s o r t i e du mode v e i l l e ( par exemple quand
on e s t connectÃ© au w i f i ) .
23.16 NetworkManager - wi au reveil apres mise en veille ou hibernation
gcon f − e d i t o r
Se r e n d r e dans l a branche apps > gnome−power−manager > g e n e r a l
sleep
/
network_
23.17 Histoire de memoire vive detectee
Compiler l e K e r n e l avec CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G=y ? ? ? ?
c a r i l s e b l r e a i t que 4Gb ne s u f f i s e n t pas .
23.18 Debian - conseil
N' o u b l i e pas l a l i g n e s u i v a n t e dans ton / e t c / apt / s o u r c e s . l i s t de Lenny
pour l e multimedia :
deb h t t p : //www. debian −multimedia . o r g / l e n n y main
h t t p : // forum . ubuntu− f r . o r g / v i e w t o p i c . php? i d =221929&p
h t t p : // forum . ubuntu− f r . o r g / v i e w t o p i c . php? p i d =1008363
E. Branlard
217
23.19 Optimisation
h t t p : // ubuntuforums . o r g / showthread . php? t =189192&h i g h l i g h t=improve+
performance
E. Branlard
218

Debianuel-Notes on a linux experience - Emmanuel Branlard

Transcription

Documents pareils

Debianuel-Notes on a linux experience - Emmanuel Branlard