French Adjectives

ADJECTIVES
FEMININE FORMS
To make an adjective feminine: add E when the masculine form does not end in E:
content becomes contente
The following are the exceptions to this rule:
er
et
f
x
eur
teur
exceptions:
becomes
ère
ète
ve
se
euse
trice
antérieur|e
intérieur|e
inférieur|e
postérieur|e ultérieur|e
majeur|e
mineur|e
meilleur|e
becomes
becomes
becomes
becomes
becomes
dernier – dernière
secret – secrète
décisif – décisive
jaloux – jalouse
heureux – heureuse
créateur – créatrice
extérieur|e
supérieur|e
Adjectives ending in on as en el eil double the consonant before adding e:
bon réel chrétien-
bonne
réelle
chrétienne
gras pareil -
grasse
pareille
The following adjectives have IRREGULAR feminine forms:
aigu – aiguë
exprès – expresse
roux – rousse
absous – absoute
franc – franche
sec – sèche
public – publique
grec – grecque
malin – maligne
idiot – idiote
tiers – tierce
oblong – oblongue
bref – brève
délicat – délicate
traître – traîtresse
acute
express
reddish
absolved
frank
dry
public
Greek
evil
stupid
third
oblong
brief
delicate
treacherous
ambigu – ambiguë
épais – épaisse
faux – fausse
dissous – dissoute
blanc – blanche
turc – turque
caduc – caduque
hébreu – hébraïque
rigolo – rigolotte
doux – douce
long – longue
favori – favorite
sot – sotte
frais – fraîche
bénin – bénigne
ambiguous
thick
false
dissolved
white
Turkish
null, void
Hebrew
funny
soft, sweet
long
favourite
silly
fresh
benign
There are others, less common, for your reference:
ammoniac – ammoniaque ammoniac
muscat – muscade
Muscat
franc – franque
Frank
laïc – laïque
lay
métis – métisse
profès – professe
manchot – manchotte
half-cast
professed (religious)
one-armed
These adjectives have no feminine form:
aquilin
grognon
rosat
aquiline
grumpy
rose-coloured
ADJECTIVES WITH TWO MASCULINE FORMS
The second form is used in front of nouns beginning with a VOWEL or a MUTE H:
nouveau
vieux
beau
fou
mou
nouvel
vieil
bel
fol
mol
new
old
beautiful
foolish
soft
[fem: nouvelle]
[fem: vieille]
[fem: belle]
[fem: folle]*
[fem: molle]*
* these two normally come after the noun today
examples:
un nouveau livre
un vieux livre
un beau garçon
un nouvel emploi
un vieil homme
un bel homme
Exercise 131 [form of adjectives]
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19
The ladies were content.
There was a light breeze.
The last flower.
This is a real difference.
The apples are very good.
She should be more discreet.
Our table is quite new.
The girl is jealous.
She is superior to him.
He usually has creative ideas.
His attitude is very Christian.
His words were formal. [use ‘paroles’]
This idea is exactly the same.
He likes his new job.
The old man was tired.
His pain was acute.
The flower is delicate.
The shirts are now dry.
We use white powder.
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
The road was long.
She wanted to be quite frank.
This is a better attitude.
Your conclusion is ambiguous.
The idea itself is false.
The hedge was thick.
This invoice is now void.
Can you read Hebrew writing?
Their beliefs were evil.
This is my favourite song.
You can send a brief reply.
ADJECTIVES OF POSITION & PARTICIPIAL FORMS
The following English present participles (ending in ing) are translated by PAST
participles in French:
assis
penché
appuyé
couché
pendu
hérissé
adossé
sitting
bending
leaning
lying
hanging
bristling
leaning [back]
agenouillé
posé
accoudé
étendu
endormi
suspendu
kneeling
posing
leaning [on elbow]
lying [stretched out]
sleeping
hanging [from]
Exercise 132 [participial forms]
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She was bending over the flowerbed.
We had been lying on the bed.
He is asleep at the moment.
She was leaning back against the wall.
We’re sitting on these chairs.
The nun was kneeling in front of the altar.
He was posing in the nude.
The drunks were lying on the pavement.
He was leaning his elbows on the table.
The lamp was hanging from the ceiling.
The following have two forms—verbal (participial) and adjectival, depending on their
meaning:
célébré
illustré
troublé
absous
dissous
résous
béni
celebrated
illustrated
disturbed
absolved
dissolved
resolved
blessed
célèbre
illustre
trouble
absolu
dissolu
résolu
bénit[e]
famous
illustrious
turgid
absolute
dissolute
resolute, determined
holy (water)
Exercise 133 [participial & adjectival forms]
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He is a famous author.
This book is beautifully illustrated.
My illustrious ancestors.
We’ve been absolved.
His life is dissolute.
The water in the stream was turgid.
My intentions are resolute.
We are all blessed.
This is holy water.
The boy celebrated his birthday.
FORMATION OF THE PLURAL OF ADJECTIVES
Nearly all adjectives add S.
Exceptions:
(a)
adjectives ending in s and x: no change
(b)
adjectives ending in eau:
add x
nouveau – nouveaux
(c)
adjectives ending in al:
change to aux
initial – initiaux
the exceptions to this are naval - navals and fatal – fatals
final and banal are found with both forms:
final – finals – finaux
banal – banals – banaux
The following adjectives are INVARIABLE (i.e., they have no plural form):
chic
demi
kaki
rosat
sterling
fashionable
half
khaki
rose-coloured
sterling
mi
bémol
rococo
standard
pie
half
flat (♭)
rococo
standard
pied (two-coloured)
Exercise 134 [plural of adjectives]
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These men are all honest.
The children are always happy.
All these books are new.
Our ideas are completely new.
These plans are ideal.
Those flowers are beautiful.
Guns are fatal.
She was very fashionable.
It’s a standard measure.
It will cost ten pounds sterling.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Remember that these agree with the NOUN that they describe in gender and number.
They never agree with the possessor.
my
your [singular]
his & her
masculine
feminine
plural
mon
ton
son
ma
ta
sa
mes
tes
ses
nos
vos
leurs
our
your [plural]
their
mon livre
son livre
notre livre
votre livre
leur livre
my book
his/her book
our book
your book
their book
notre
votre
leur
ma table
sa table
nos livres
vos livres
leurs livres
Exercise 135 [possessive adjectives]
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My mother, he said, gave me this.
She told me to put it in her drawer.
Her book was written last year.
This is his table.
Her brother is a bishop.
Our accounts are ready for your inspection.
Her trees are taller than theirs.
Their answers were incomprehensible.
Their dog bit the postman.
Your [s] sister wrote the letter.
my table
his/her table
our books
your books
their books
INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES
quel
WHAT - WHICH — agrees in gender and number
quel
quelle
quels
quelles
Je ne sais pas quel livre il faut acheter
I don’t know which book I need to buy
Quelle table as-tu choisie?
Which table did you choose?
Quels sont les livres les plus intéressants?
Which are the most interesting books.
Quelles fleurs a-t-elle cueillies?
What flowers did she pick?
quel!
WHAT (A) …!’ (same agreements as above)
Quelles belles fleurs!
What beautiful flowers!
Quelle bonne idée!
What a good idea!
Quel idiot!
What a fool!
quelque
SOME / A FEW (also plural: quelques)
Je ressentais quelque inquiétude
I felt some uneasiness
J’ai trouvé quelques rats dans la cuisine
I found a few rats in the kitchen
This also has an adverbial usage before a number:
Il y avait quelque huit personnes dans la salle
There were some eight people in the hall
n’importe quel
ANY (normal agreement)
Vous pouvez prendre n’importe quelle boisson
You can take any drink
je ne sais quel
SOME … OR OTHER (normal agreement)
Il a dû choisir je ne sais quel livre
He must have chosen some book or other
quelconque
ANY - WHATEVER
Pour une raison quelconque
For any number of reasons
chaque
EACH – EVERY
Chaque homme s’est assis
Each man sat down
Il a lu chaque livre
He read each book
maint
MANY A (normal agreement: mainte, maints, maintes)
maintes fois
many a time
divers
VARIOUS (feminine: diverses)
Il a parlé de diverses choses
He spoke about various things
plusieurs
SEVERAL (there is no separate feminine form)
Il y avait plusieurs garçons et plusieurs filles dans la cour
There were several boys and several girls in the playground
Exercise 136 [indefinite adjectives]
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Which apple do you prefer?
What a nice house!
There were some mice in the cupboard.
You can take any book.
There was some book or other on the table.
For whatever reason.
Each person took a cup of coffee.
I’ve told you that many a time.
For various reasons he refused to give his name.
She gave me several documents.
ADJECTIVES WITH DIFFERENT MEANINGS
The meaning of the following adjectives changes depending on their position before or
after the noun:
before the noun
un grand homme
un petit homme
un honnête homme
un jeune homme
un digne homme
un pauvre homme
une grosse femme
le malin esprit
ce sacré livre
l’ancien ministre
mon cher ami
commun ….
mon propre livre
un certain homme
le dernier bus
de différentes idées
la pure paresse
une seule chose
un triste état
le même homme
un maigre repas
after the noun
a great man
a small man
an honest man
a young man
a worthy man
a man to be pitied
a fat woman
the Evil One
this **** book
the ex-minister
my dear friend
unanimous
my own book
some man
the last bus
various ideas
sheer idleness
a single thing
a sorry state
the same man
a scanty meal
un homme grand
un homme petit
un homme honnête
un homme jeune
un homme digne
un homme pauvre
une femme grosse
l’esprit malin
ce livre sacré
le livre ancien
un livre cher
un homme commun
les mains propres
un fait certain
la semaine dernière
des idées différentes
le cœur pur
un homme seul
une histoire triste
l’homme même
un homme maigre
Exercise 137 [adjectives with different meanings]
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John is a tall man, whereas his father is a great man.
He is a mean person, not a small man.
Although he is 80, he is a youthful man.
That poor refugee has no home.
They were very poor people with no money at all.
We saw the holy picture.
The ex-president gave a long speech.
The ancient walls [murailles] of the city.
That is your own idea.
You must have clean hands.
Exercise 138 [adjectives with different meanings]
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Some woman just grumbled at me.
What he said is a certain fact.
He missed the last train yesterday.
They left last month.
Your clothes are in a sorry state.
He told a sad story about his youth.
This is the same man that I met last week.
This is the very idea I’ve been searching for.
They accepted my proposals unanimously.
A vulgar man spoke to us outside the station.
a tall man
a mean man
well-mannered man
a youthful man
a dignified man
a poor man
pregnant woman
malicious mind
this sacred book
the ancient book
expensive book
a vulgar man
clean hands
a certain fact
last week
different ideas
a pure heart
a lonely man
a sad story
the very man
a thin man
ADJECTIVES OF COLOUR
[a]
colours always come AFTER the noun:
Elle vendait des robes jaunes
She sold yellow dresses
Il portait une cravate bleue et verte
He was wearing a blue and green tie
[b]
if the adjective is normally a noun, it does not agree:
Les chemises étaient orange
The shirts were orange
Des chaussettes cerise
Cherry-red socks
Des murs crème
Cream walls
[c]
if the adjective is qualified with another word, it does not agree:
Des yeux bleu clair
Light-blue eyes
Des robes bleu ciel
Sky-blue dresses
Des tissus vert pomme
Apple-green cloths
[d]
the combination ----coloured can clearly not agree:
Un pantalon couleur de boue
Mud-coloured trousers
Des rideaux couleur d’or
Gold-coloured curtains
Les cheveux couleur de paille
Straw-coloured hair
THE POSITION OF ADJECTIVES
The normal rule in French is that adjectives come after the noun. However, there are a
small number that normally come before it:
beau
gentil
gros
jeune
long
méchant
petit
vaste
vilain
beautiful
nice
large
young
long
wicked
small
vast
wicked
bon
grand
haut
joli
mauvais
nouveau
premier
vieux
good
big
high, tall
pretty
bad
new
first
old
The simplest rule to follow when unsure of where to place the adjective is this:
when the adjective defines, place it AFTER the noun
when the adjective describes, place it BEFORE the noun
examples:
[1]
As we walked along the road, we saw an enormous bear
En nous promenant dans la rue, nous avons vu un énorme ours
In this case it is the bear that receives the stronger stress in English, the adjective’s task being
merely to add further description or information. It does not define the bear. Therefore in
French the adjective will come BEFORE the noun.
[2]
We saw an enormous bear in the zoo
Nous avons vu un ours énorme dans le zoo
Because the sight of a bear in the zoo is not unexpected, it is the adjective that received the
stronger stress in English, because it defines the bear, or distinguishes it from other bears.
Therefore it comes AFTER the noun in French
Adjectives which pay a compliment (or its reverse) also precede the noun in French.
This is because they describe rather than define:
Merci pour cette excellente soupe
Numbers, which are also adjectival, come BEFORE the noun, as in English.
Exercise 139 [position of adjectives]
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Thank you for your kind letter.
She wore a pretty skirt.
He has been a naughty boy.
This is the first time I’ve read it.
The vast forest stretched for miles.
What a beautiful garden!
I don’t like your apple-green socks.
We enjoyed the view of the high mountains.
What delicious spaghetti!
There was a large adder lying on the path.
ADJECTIVES USED AS NOUNS
examples:
Les riches ne sont pas toujours les plus contents
The rich (rich people) are not always the happiest
Le difficile, c’est de savoir ce qu’il veut dire
The difficult thing is to know what he means
Le plus important, c’est d’assurer qu’on ne vous interrompe
The most important thing is to make sure no one interrupts you
Les blancs se sont établis en Afrique
White people settled in Africa
Les pauvres n’ont jamais de chance
Poor people never have any luck
Le plus intéressant, c’est qu’il aime son boulot
The most interesting thing is that he enjoys his job
Les plus heureux sont ceux qui réussissent
The happiest ones are those who succeed
THE USE OF TEL
[i]
at the beginning of a clause:
Telle est la loi de l’univers
Such is the law of the universe
Telles sont les idées qu’il a proposées
Such are the ideas he suggested
Tel est mon avis
Such is my opinion
[ii]
with QUE, meaning SUCH AS:
Son crime fut tel qu’on le décapita
His crime was such that he was beheaded
Les faits sont tels que je les ai exposés
The facts are such as I have presented them
C’est un homme tel que vous l’avez décrit
He is such a man as you have described
[iii]
[iv]
SUCH A + singular noun & SUCH + plural noun:
un tel homme
such a man
une telle fleur
such a flower
de tels hommes
such men
de telles fleurs
such flowers
SUCH + adjective & SUCH A + adjective:
un homme si fort
such a strong man
un si bel homme
such a good-looking man
une si belle fleur
such a beautiful flower
de si belles fleurs
such beautiful flowers
de si beaux hommes
such good-looking men
une femme si contente
such a happy woman
you can also use tellement instead of si
[v]
[vi]
with an ABSTRACT NOUN:
d’une telle importance
of such importance
d’une telle beauté
of such beauty
special cases:
tel père, tel fils
like father, like son
voici les livres, tels quels
here are the books, such as they are
je les ai laissés, tels quels
I left them as they were
tel ou tel homme
such and such a man
un tel
a certain man
Monsieur un tel
Mr so-and-so
Exercise 140 [the use of TEL]
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Such are the ideas I’d like you to consider.
Such is life!
Your work is such that I can’t mark it.
The books are such as I’ve described them.
Such a book.
Such a good book.
Such flowers.
Such beautiful flowers.
The article is of such importance that you must read it.
The girl was of such beauty that I fainted.
COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE OF ADJECTIVES
To make an adjective COMPARATIVE, place plus or moins in front of it:
plus grand
moins grand
plus difficile
moins difficile
bigger
smaller
more difficult
less difficult
To make an adjective SUPERLATIVE, place le plus or le moins in front of it,
remembering that le can change to la or les depending on gender and number:
le plus grand
le moins grand
le plus difficile
le moins difficile
the biggest
the smallest
the most difficult
the least difficult
To make a comparison with AS … AS … and SO … AS …:
aussi dur que
pas si dur que
as hard as
not so hard as
To make a comparison with ALL THE MORE and ALL THE LESS:
d’autant plus difficile
d’autant moins facile
all the more difficult
all the less easy
There are a few IRREGULAR comparatives and superlatives:
meilleur
moindre
pire
better
less
worse
le meilleur best
le moindre the least, the slightest
le pire
the worst
plus mauvais and le plus mauvais are often heard instead of pire and le pire
Exercise 141 [comparative & superlative of adjectives]
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The room is bigger than I expected.
It’s less difficult than yours.
This is the biggest house in the street.
And this is the smallest house.
This table is better.
But this one is worse.
This makes it all the more difficult.
But it’s all the less easy to understand.
It’s not as heavy as I thought.
With the least difficulty.
The use of NUMBERS
Numbers are normally adjectives, though some are nouns.
Points to remember:
[i]
do not pronounce the p in sept
do not pronounce the t in huit if it is followed by a consonant
do not pronounce the x in six and dix if followed by a consonant
huit livres
[ɥ livʀ]
[ii]
six livres
[si livʀ]
dix livres
[di livʀ]
when to use ET:
21 – 71 have et
vingt-et-un, trente-et-un, etc., soixante-et-onze
but quatre-vingt-un, quatre-vingt-onze
[iii]
when to use an S:
quatre-vingt takes an S when not followed by another
number or noun; cent takes an S when not followed by another number:
[iv]
quatre-vingts
quatre-vingt-deux
deux cents
deux cent vingt
quatre-vingt hommes
up to mille all numbers are adjectives – this means you cannot put an
article in front of them:
cent
a hundred
mille a thousand
[v]
the following numbers are NOUNS and must have an article:
un milliard
un million
un billion
un trillion
[vi]
1,000,000,000 (American billion)
1,000,000
1012 (American trillion)
1018 (American quintillion)
approximate numbers: these are all feminine except millier :
une huitaine
une neuvaine
une dizaine
une douzaine
une quinzaine
une vingtaine
une trentaine
une quarantaine
une cinquantaine
une soixantaine
une centaine
un millier
[vii]
about 8 (sometimes used for a week)
used only for a novena
about 10
a dozen
about 15 (often used for a fortnight)
about 20, a score
about 30
about 40 (also used for quarantine)
about 50
about 60
about 100 (des centaines de = hundreds of)
about 1000 (des milliers de = thousands of)
ordinal numbers:
put ième on the end of all numbers except premier (written 1er and 1ère)
miss out a final e: quatrième, onzième, douzième, etc.
change the f of neuf to v: neuvième
21, 31, 41, etc: vingt-et-unième, trente-et-unième
the ième is shortened to a superscript e: 21e, 43e
[viii] fractions:
these are the same as the ordinal numbers (above) except the following:
un quart - 3 un demi - 1
[ix]
un tiers - 2
arithmetic:
+ plus
decimal point:
– moins
x fois
virgule (2·5 = 2,5)
÷ divisé par
squared: au carré (6² - 6 au carré)
ÂDIFFICULTÊ ADJECTIVES
These are considered ‘difficult’ because they are so often very unlike their English equivalents.
Many are very useful for description.
abasourdi
alambiqué
biscornu
bossu
caduc
chauve
cru
dodu
éhonté
espiègle
fangeux
frileux
gluant
grimaux
jaspé
malingre
moisi
oisif
potelé
rachitique
repu
saugrenu
terne
acariâtre
alité
bizarre
bourbeux
cagot
chafouin
cuisant
dru
émoustillé
estropié
fat
fringant
goguenard
grivelé
joufflu
manchot
morne
niais
paillard
poussif
radoteur
recueilli
rugueux
soûl
viager
aîné
aghast
far-fetched
crooked
hunch-backed
decrepit
bald
raw
plump
shameless
frolicsome
muddy
chilly
sticky
cross
marbled
sickly
mouldy
idle
dimpled
rickety
satiated
absurd
dull
cantankerous
bedridden
odd
muddy
sanctimonious
mean-looking
sharp, cutting
thick, heavy
sprightly
lame
foppish
frisky
jeering
speckled
tubby
one-armed
dull
silly
lewd, crude
wheezy
doting
meditative
wrinkled
drunk
long-lasting
elder
âcre
bancal
blême
busqué
calleux
cossu
décharné
éclopé
entêté
famélique
fourbe
futé
gourmand
hargneux
lésineux
maussade
myope
outrecuidant
puîné
râpé
rondelet
soyeux
vermoulu
affilé
baveux
blet
brut
camus
crasseux
déguenillé
édenté
épatant
fade
frêle
galeux
grêle
hâve
louche
mièvre
nain
ombragé
plat
raboteux
rassis
retors
scabreux
terreux
acharné
âpre
sharp-tasting
bandy
pale, wan
arched
horny, calloused
smart
skinny
crippled
stubborn
starving
roguish
sly
greedy
surly
stingy
sullen
short-sighted
presumptious
younger
threadbare
plump
silky
worm-eaten
sharp
slobbering
soft [of fruit]
rough
snub-nosed
filthy
tattered
toothless
surprising
insipid
frail
mangy
slim, frail
gaunt
squinting
roguish
dwarfish
shaded
flat
rugged
stale
crafty
rugged
cadaverous
fierce
rough
bègue
borgne
cadet
charnu
crotté
délabré
effilé
éperdu
fanfaron
friand
glabre
grincheux
immonde
maculeux
mignard
navré
postiche
rabougri
rébarbatif
revêche
serviable
têtu
stammering
one-eyed
younger
fleshy
squalid, dungy
seedy
slender
bewildered
swaggering
dainty
clean-shaven
peevish
filthy
spotted
mincing
heart-broken
artificial
stunted
surly
ill-natured
obliging
stubborn
blafard
bourru
câlin
chétif
dartreux
ébouriffé
émoussé
excédé
flou
fruste
goulu
guindé
ladre
marécageux
moucheté
noueux
prime-sautier
rance
refrogné
saillant
svelte
volage
pale
surly
wheedling, whining
puny
scabby
dishevelled
blunt
worn out
blurred
weatherbeaten
gluttonous
posh
leprous
marshy
speckled
knotty
quick-witted
rancid
scowling
sticking out
slender
fickle
ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY PREPOSITIONS
These adjectives are followed by à:
lent à
bon à
prêt à
enclin à
long à
résolu à
agréable à
slow to
fit to be
ready to
inclined to
long to
resolved to
nice to
prompt à
heureux à
déterminé à
habile à
propre à
lourd à
Exercise 142 [adjectives followed by à]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
She’s always slow to reply.
Are they ready to begin?
This young man is good for nothing.
I’m not inclined to agree.
He was resolved not to give in.
It’s nice to sit in the sunshine.
You were quick to notice that!
He is lucky at cards.
I used to be clever at learning languages.
This chest is very heavy to carry.
quick to
lucky at
determined to
clever at
fit for
heavy to
These adjectives are followed by de:
content de
plein de
satisfait de
fou de
honteux de
las de
reconnaissant de
curieux de
responsable de
possible de
ardent de
fier de
avide de
désireux de
pleased to
full of
satisfied with
wild with
shameful to
weary of
grateful for
curious to
responsible for
possible to
eager for
proud of
avid to
desirous to
chargé de
couvert de
ravi de
furieux de
inquiet de
fatigué de
capable de
impatient de
heureux de
fâché de
bon de
certain de
libre de
sûr de
Exercise 143 [adjectives that take de]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
We are all pleased to hear your news.
The room was full of old furniture.
I am not satisfied with your progress.
The children were wild with joy.
It’s shameful to make such remarks.
We’re all weary of studying.
I am most grateful for your reply.
It was curious to see how she reacted.
The students are responsible for their own results.
He was eager to hear the latest news.
Exercise 144 [adjectives that take de]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The lorry was loaded with bananas.
That field is covered in daisies.
I’m delighted to hear that you’ve been nominated.
He was furious to learn the news.
His mother was worried about his health.
Are you all able to finish this?
I’m pleased to see your efforts.
I’m sorry for the trouble I’ve caused.
You should be proud of your achievements.
I’m avid to know the answer.
loaded with
covered in
delighted to
furious to
worried about
tired of
able to
impatient to
pleased to
sorry for
good to
sure to
free to
sure to
The following adjectives take envers, as do many adjectives that express a moral or an
intellectual attitude:
affable envers
charitable envers
poli envers
responsable envers
affable to
charitable to
polite to
responsible to
bon envers
good to
dur envers
hard towards
reconnaissant envers
grateful to
angry with
gentil pour
Note also:
fâché contre
Exercise 145 [adjectives that take other prepositions]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The headmaster was certain to see the exercises.
You are all free to go when you want to.
The gentleman was affable to his grandson.
We must be charitable to our colleagues.
You were very polite to that lady.
You are responsible to your boss.
She was very good to me.
The teacher was hard on the unfortunate pupil.
We are most grateful to our elders.
He was angry with the useless employee.
kind to