Le sacrifice comique de Valère Novarina

Transcription

!"#$%&'#()*+,-#.&%*+/0"*1
!"#$%&'#"(#)*$%&+&,%(()%-.&$*/01%-.&$2/012-(231%.&*)(!"#$%&'(&')&*+&)*+&','-.//.0&/'112113
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
!"#$%&'()"*'+,#%&$%&-.&/)'+*$%&012345606
:*)&;<2%))=&;>?,@A
23.'%*4%*405(0&6(*%"*+%((&%'*%(*7&('
80,'*96*4#&%5(#0"*4%*:%&"64%((%*:;82
<&)'%"()%*%(*'0,(%",%*=,>9#?,%-%"(*9%*@A*4)5%->&%*1A@A
B0-=0'#(#0"*4,*C,&/*D*:%&"64%((%*:;82E*<&0F%''%,&*4%'*,"#$%&'#()'E*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*G%6"HI6&#%
2J;I788K7!E*<&0F%''%,&*)-)&#(%E*!"#$%&'#()*<6&#'*L*I#&%#99%*+;8B;H+KM7E*<&0F%''%,&*4%'
,"#$%&'#()'E*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1**<#%&&%*G;!NOKE*<&0F%''%,&*4%'*,"#$%&'#()'E*!"#$%&'#()*P&%"0>9%*Q*
G%6"H<#%&&%*:;:R++;2E*<&0F%''%,&*4%'*,"#$%&'#()'E*!"#$%&'#()*P&%"0>9%*Q**
;*B$%&'%-&5*(27)%C#/()*(&'%&'2441-2#/&*S S
DB)E92*(2#/-&*S S
F19)%-&"2(E%-**S S
GA:20)*:<%H&*S S
I/()#'1"(2#/&*S S
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%&*S S
IK&L#1%)&%(&M()%&N#1E**S S
OK&,%&'*/0%)&'P1/&5#/-()1%1Q&"#/()%-%/-**S S
RK&S*)%&T&$*&0)2$$%&**S S
UK&S*)%&T&$*&0$#-%&'%&0$*-**S S
VK&C*)(#0)*:<2%&'1&/#9*)2/2%/**S S
IIK&,%&5#(&"#55%&:W(%&T&5#'%$%)**S S
OK&,%&5#(X9*$2-%**S S
RK&Y#(X*""#)'E#/.&4*)"2--1)%-&%(&*$$#/0%*2$$%-**S S
UK&,P*:#"#:%**S S
IIIK&D/*)"<2%.&:#(*"<2-5%&%(&2/-#$%/"%**S S
OK&,P*)-%/*$&31E/2%/&)%92-2(E**S S
RK&A/4*/"%&%(&*)(&B)1(&+&$%-&4*1(%-&'P1/&"*/")%&$#0231%**S S
UK&Z2'E$2(E&D&787**S S
I6K&,%-&52)*"$%-&'%&$*&-1::)%--2#/X*'N#/"(2#/**S S
OK&,%&[&:)#"E'E&\&'%&]*=5#/'&]#1--%$**S S
RK&6%)(20%&-^24(2%/.&%-"*5#(*0%&%(&)E9%)-2B2$2(E**S S
UK&Z201)%&5*0231%**S S
6K&?/&N%1&*9%"&_%(&"#/()%`&$*&$*/01%&&4)*/a*2-%**S S
OK&AQ:)%--2#/-&()*/-4#)5E%-**S S
RK&>/(*1(#$#02%**S S
UK&YE(*:<#)%-.&:*)*'#Q%-&%(&*1()%-&B2b*))%)2%-**S S
VK&Y#(-X-:<2/Q&%(&:E)2:<)*-%-&4$#1%-**S S
cK&8#9*)2/*.&"%$12&312&9%)B%**S S
6IK&,*&,#0#'=/*5231%**S S
OK&6%)-&)*"2/2%/.&[&5E()#&E5#(24&\&%(&:<)*-%&&/#9*)2/2%//%**S S
RK&?/%&:<2$#-#:<2%&E52-%&%/&$*/01%&)=(<5231%**S S
UK&?/&)*::#)(&#)0*/231%&T&$*&$*/01%&%(&*1&)=(<5%**S S
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%&*S S
IK&?/&/#19%*1&]*B%$*2-**S S
OK&?/%&)<E(#)231%&'%&(=:%&"*)/*9*$%-31%**S S
RK&]%:*-&%(&)<E(#)231%&+&$*&[&:*)$%)2%X5*/0%)2%&\**S S
UK&?/%&$2((E)*(1)%&E/15E)*(29%**S S
IIK&Z201)%-&'%&-(=$%&#1&4201)%-&'%&"2)31%**S S
OK&?/&"2)31%&'%&$*&")1*1(E&f**S S
T
U
U
L
V
1T
1T
1T
1U
1U
1V
1V
1V
QV
WV
XT
XT
L@
@@V
@1A
@1A
@11
@QA
@QQ
@QQ
@WT
@TA
@UA
@L@
@LW
@LW
@VX
1AU
1@U
1@U
1@U
1QX
1XT
1TT
1TT
RK&d%-&/15E)#-&-P%/"<*g/*/(&T&1/&)=(<5%&%/'2*B$E**S S
UK&A/()E%-&%(&-#)(2%-&'%-&*)(2-(%-&'1&[&C2)31%&'P*"(2#/&\**S S
IIIK&dP1/%&:2-(%&$P*1()%**S S
OK&h*)'2&$%-&-:#)(-&i**S S
RK&C="$%&%(&"="$%&+&$%&9E$#')*5%&'%&$*&92%**S S
UK&,%&j(*'%&'PD"(2#/**S S
VK&j:#)(&%(&5#)(&+&4##(&'%&0$#2)%&%(&4##(&'%&0$*-**S S
cK&,%&$*/"%)&'%&:*)#$%-&%(&$%-&)1B*/-&'PD0/7-**S S
I6K&,%&d)*5%&'%&$*&:*)#$%&+**S S
OK&[&A/()%b&'*/-&$*&)E*$2(E&'%&$*&"<#-%&'2(%K&\**S S
RK&,%-&5E(*:<#)%-&()#1B$*/(%-&'P1/%&:*)#$%&)%/'1%&"#/")7(%**S S
UK&?/%&$*/01%&4)*/a*2-%&31%-(2#//E%&%(&%/)2"<2%**S S
6K&,*&)<E(#)231%&%(&$%&"<*#-**S S
IK&,*&,#(%)2%&8#9*)2/*&+&1/%&$1((%&T&5#)(&%/()%&$%-&5#(-**S S
RK&,*&;%5:M(%**S S
UK&,PI/312E(1'%&'1&J%(2(&J#1"%(**S S
6IK&[&Y*)-&*((*"k-&i\**S S
OK&?/&#9/2&'*/-&$P<2-(#2)%&'%&$*&$2((E)*(1)%**S S
RK&,%-&C<)#/231%-&'1&?5#/'%&%(&'1&?)$15#/'%**S S
UK&?/%&/#19%$$%&'#Q*&'1&5#/-()%&%(&'%&$P%Q()*(%))%-()%**S S
VK&J#)()*2(&'%&6K8K&%/&*1(%1)&'%&jKZK**S S
;)#2-2%5%&:*)(2%&+&&S)*/'2#-%&%(&-*10)%/1K&,%&"#5231%&/#9*)2/2%/&*S S
IK&?/%&E")2(1)%&:*)#'231%**S S
OK&,*&5*"<2/%&T&'2)%&6#2"2**S S
RK&,PD(%$2%)&92#$%/(**S S
UK&?/&"#5231%&2"#/#"$*-(%&%(&'E5=-(242"*(%1)**S S
IIK&]2)%&%(&-*")E&+&$*&"<*2)%&/P%-(&:*-&()2-(%**S S
OK&?/&)*::#)(&-#55%&(#1(%&"$*--231%&*1&-*")E**S S
RK&8#19%$$%-&S%/7-%-&%(&"#5231%&-#1)"2%)**S S
UK&[&C12&312&52(&$P"<*:%*1&'PE:2/%-&\**S S
VK&Z201)%-&'%&-(=$%.&9#"*B1$*2)%&%(&'2-:#-2(24-**S S
cK&C#5231%&'%&)%*'=X5*'%&%(&-*2/(%(E&'%&,#12-&'%&Z1/7-**S S
I6K&j<*k%-:2()%)2%-**S S
OK&,%&"*-&Z*$-(*4%&+&%/()%&()2-(%--%&%(&"$#1/%)2%**S S
RK&,%-&-:%"()%-&'P>92'%.&'P>44%/B*"<&%(&'%&C#"(%*1**S S
UK&,%&Z2$-&'%&$*&;*1:%&4*"%&T&*1()12X$%X"#):-**S S
6K&l12'&'1&92'%&f**S S
OK&?/%&)<E(#)231%&T&:*)(&%/(27)%**S S
RK&J2/#""<2#.&G$%H&:$1-&B%*1&'%&(#1-&/#-&5=(<%-**S S
UK&62'%.&kE/m-%&%(&:*/(2/2(E**S S
6IK&?/&B$1%-5*/&5E(*:<=-231%**S S
OK&[&C#5:$*2/(2/%-&\&%(&:$*2/(%-&"#5231%-**S S
1TL
1LW
1V@
1V@
1VW
1VL
QAQ
QAT
Q@1
Q@1
Q@T
Q1Q
QQQ
QQQ
QWQ
QUA
QLV
QLV
QV@
WA@
W1X
W1U
W1U
W1U
WQV
WWV
WT@
WT@
WT1
WU1
WLQ
WVX
XA1
XA1
XAQ
X@T
XQT
XQT
XXA
XXX
XXL
XXL
RK&6*$7)%&*1&B#1(&'%&$*&/12(**S S
UK&?/%&)<E(#)231%&'%&$*&"#)'%**S S
6IK&,*&)E9%)-2B2$2(E**S S
OK&,*&5#)(&/P%-(&:*-&9)*2%**S S
RK&L%&'%/-%&'#/"&N%&-12-**S S
C#/"$1-2#/&*S S
e2B$2#0)*:<2%&*S S
IK&F19)%-&'%&$P*1(%1)**S S
IIK&A/()%(2%/-**S S
III&A(1'%-&")2(231%-&%(&()*9*1Q&1/29%)-2(*2)%-**S S
I6K&d2"(2#//*2)%-&%(&()*2(E-&'%&)<E(#)231%**S S
6K&D1()%-&#19)*0%-&1(2$2-E-**S S
]E-15E&+&,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*&&&!(1'%&)<E(#)231%&'%&$*&:E)2#'%
OnocXRpOp&*S S
j155*)=&+&;<%&"#52"&-*")242"%&#4&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*&&D&)<%(#)2"*$&-(1'=&#4&(<%&:%)2#'&Onoc&(#
RpOp&*S S
]%5%)"2%5%/(-&+&*S S
XTU
XUW
XL@
XL@
XVQ
TAU
T11
T11
T1Q
T1W
TWW
TWX
TX@
TX1
TXQ
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
C#/()*(&'%&'2441-2#/
Ce document est diffusé sous le contrat Creative Commons « Paternité – pas d’utilisation
commerciale - pas de modification » : vous êtes libre de le reproduire, de le distribuer et de le
communiquer au public à condition d’en mentionner le nom de l’auteur et de ne pas le modifier,
le transformer, l’adapter ni l’utiliser à des fins commerciales.
T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
DB)E92*(2#/-
DB)E92*(2#/F19)%-&"2(E%7SRS*456*7&'$8*988#E*<S;S+SE*1AAUS
7S`S*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*<S;S+E*@VLVS
:SBSOS*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*<S;S+SE*@VLXS
BSJS*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*<S;S+E*@VVXS
OS7S*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AB'<S;S+E*@VLUS
OS<S*@&;.87':.'%.)9:&E*<S;S+E*@VVVS
KSKS*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7E*<S;S+E*1AAVS
D.:/7.E&E*<S;S+SE*@VLVS
GSNS*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*<S;S+E*@VVUS
GS8S*F&'/#$/E*<S;S+SE*@VV@S
+SBS*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/E*<S;S+E*1AAT
+SIS*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*<S;S+E*@VLVS
IS7S*4&'H989:90#&'(56().?I:&*+E*1AAVS
;S*SRS*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*<S;S+E*@VVLS
;SNS*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*<S;S+E*1AAAS
<SIS*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&E*<S;S+E*@VV@S
8S*4.'K*G8&E*<S;S+E*1AAQS
2S<S*4&'L+IM7)&'(&/'%.)9:&/E*<S;S+E*@VLVS
`SaS*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*<S;S+E*@VLVS
P97.'<&8&*D*9%'*$%&'#0"'*=0,&*96*'5."%*[4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/E*4538"#$I7#(&E*4&*Q&%./E
456;.872(&)8$&)'(&/'+9??&/E*45C/%.*&'E#)$&#A*%(*45C"#$:$=)&'(&':.'*)9$A^*'%&0"(*)]69%-%"(
)$0?,)%'* -6#'* 4%* F6b0"* =9,'* =0"5(,%99%* c* "0,'* "d6$0"'* 40"5* =6'* C,])* ,(#9%* 4d,'%&
4d6>&)$#6(#0"'S
U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
GA:20)*:<%H
« tu veux déchiffrer le hittite, mon fils, tu n’es qu’un cornichon » Queneau,
Chêne et chien. « De deux choses l’une : ou ce livre n’a pas de sens ou il est
inexplicable à notre sens. En cela, il est comme ma vie même » Shakespeare,
Cymbeline. « J’aurai chance hors du labyrinthe » Césaire, Cadastre. « sachez
que celui qui écrivit ceci n’a rien à dire mais vous emmerde » Novarina, Le
Discours aux animaux. « Si quelqu’un comprend ce que j’ai dit, c’est que je me
suis mal exprimé » Godard, Notre musique.)
L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
I/()#'1"(2#/
O6"'*,"*-0,$%-%"(*F0&(*=%,*,"#$%&'#(6#&%E*"0,'*6$0"'*=%"')*F6#&%*50--%"5%&*5%((%*(3.'%
=6&* 96* =3&6'%* eG%* '6#'* =6'* =0,&* $0,'* -6#'* -0#* Cd/* 50-=&%"4'* &#%"eE* #"5#=#(* 5%&(%'* (&#$#69
-6#'*?,#*6,&6#(*40"")*96*-%',&%*4%*"0(&%*#-=,#''6"5%*(0(69%*f*'6#'#&*9%*'%"'*4%'*9#$&%'*4%
`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S*+d#"5#=#(*F#"69%-%"(*530#'#*&%'(%*56$69#%&*%(*4)'6&b0""%&6*5%,g*?,#*"%*$0#%"(
46"'*96*(3.'%*4%*405(0&6(*?,%*96*&)465(#0"*4d,"*]&0'*-)-0#&%*=90->)*=6&*9%'*36>#(,4%'*%(
=6&*9%*50"F0&-#'-%S*7*5%,gH9fE*6'',&0"'*?,%*"0,'*'6,&0"'E*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*'0&(%*4%
4)-6&53%*0,9#=#%""%E*C0,%&*9%*C%,*4,*C6&]0"*(%53"#?,%E*',&(0,(*90&'?,d#9*'d#-=0'%E*%(*"0,'
=9#%&* 6,g* &.]9%'* 4,* ]%"&%E* 5%99%* 4,* e"0,'e* =6&* %g%-=9%E* 4%* (0,(%'* 96* =9,'* )(&6"]%* )(6"(
40"")*9%*4#6=6'0"*(&.'*=%&'0""%9*?,%*"0,'*'0,36#(%&#0"'*50"F)&%&*4.'*9d%"(6-%*f*5%*(&6$6#9
,"#$%&'#(6#&%S
7* 5%((%* #"50-=&)3%"'#0"* 4%* 96* =6&09%* "0$6&#"#%""%E* 50--%"(* 40"5* &%-)4#%&* h
B0--%"(* %(* ',&(0,(* =0,&?,0#* h* 7* ?,0#* &#-%* 5%((%* ]&0''#.&%* 0>'%''#0"* 4,* 53%&53%&* f
50-=&%"4&%* h* <0,&?,0#* 4#6>9%* "%* =6'* 96#''%&* 9%'* 530'%'* %"* 9d)(6(* h* <0,&?,0#* (0,C0,&'E
#"96''6>9%-%"(E*$0,90#&*536,''%&*9%'*]&0'*'6>0('*4,*]90''6(%,&H50--%"(6(%,&*h*<0,&?,0#
"%*=6'*(0,(*'#-=9%-%"(*'69,%&*96*>%6,()*4%*5%((%*96"],%E*'0"*-/'(.&%*%(*'%*(6#&%*h*K"F#"E
.-%
=0,&?,0#*%"(&%=&%"4&%*%"50&%*4%'*(3.'%'*%"*5%*4)>,(*4%*iiR
*'#.59%*690&'*?,d#9*'%&6#(*'#
'#-=9%*4%*=6''%&*'6*$#%*4%$6"(*96*j*-653#"%*f*4#&%*`0#5#*k*h
<0,&*(%"(%&*4d/*&)=0"4&%*%"*=6&(#%*[%(*4%*F6b0"*'6"'*40,(%*(&0=*=%&'0""%99%Ê*"0,'*4#&0"'
?,%*5%*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9f*[',&(0,(*=0,&*96*4%&"#.&%^*?,%'(#0"'*f*"%*=6'*(&0=*'%*=0'%&*'#*9d0"*$%,(
[e$%&>0"'e*,"*=%,*50--%*9d6,(%,&^*50"(#",%&*f*j*30--%&*k*%"*'d%FF0&b6"(*40"5E*(%9*8#'/=3%E
4%*F6#&%*&0,9%&*9%*&053%&*%(*4%*&%-%((&%*%"50&%*9d0,$&6]%*',&*9%*-)(#%&*D*j*;"5%*-0&%*,"(0
(3%*>&%%53E*4%6&*F&#%"4'*m*0"5%*-0&%*m*kS*<6'')*5%(*6>',&4%*%->699%-%"(*'36n%'=%6&#%"
[5FS*R&8)S'N*c*75(%*RRR*c*'5."%*@Ê*#9*"0,'*F6,4&6#(*=&)5#'%&*"0(&%*0>C%5(#F*c*#9*'%->9%&6#(*%"
%FF%(*?,%*9%*-0/%"*%g#'(%*4%*&%96(#$#'%&*?,%9?,%*=%,*9%*'%"(#-%"(*4d#"50-=&)3%"'#0"*(0(69%
)$0?,)*4.'*9d#"5#=#(*[%(*4%*F6b0"*$090"(6#&%-%"(*=&0$056"(%*%(*=6&640g69%^*'0,'*96*F0&-%
[50--%*0"*9d6,&6*50-=&#'^*4d,"*%FF%(*5%&(%'*F65#9%*-6#'*'0--%*(0,(%*596''#?,%*%(*4%*>0""%
],%&&%*0o*"0,'*6,&0"'*(p53)*4%*&%=&%"4&%*f*"0(&%*50-=(%*%(*%"*9%'*(&6"'=0'6"(*f*"0(&%
-6"#.&%* 9%'* %"'%#]"%-%"('* 4%* 9d6"(#?,%* [-6#'* $)")&6>9%* %(* (0,C0,&'* 0=)&6(0#&%^* *.%7.7$9
=&8&;9:&87$.&* %"* %''6/6"(E* >#%"* -6964&0#(%-%"(E* 4%* =#?,%&* 96* 5,&#0'#()* %(* 4%* ','5#(%&
9d#"()&l(*[9d6-,'%-%"(*h^*4%*9d)$%"(,%9*9%5(0&6(*q*-6#'*?,#((0"'*6,*=9,'*$#(%*5%(*6564)-#'-%
=6&04#?,%E*5,#'(&0H4#96(0#&%*%(*4)=965)*=0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*6,*56'*?,#*"0,'*=&)055,=%*c*56&*%"F#"*D
50--%"(*=6&9%&*4d,"%*r,$&%*?,%*9d0"*"%*50-=&%"4*=6'*h*<9,'*96&]%-%"(*D*?,%99%*6((#(,4%
640=(%&*90&'?,d0"*'%*&%(&0,$%*%"*F65%*4%*?,%9?,%*530'%E*96*$#%E*96*-0&(E*9d0&#]#"%E*96*=6&09%E
9%*&#&%E*?,%*9d0"*"%*50"(&s9%*=6'*%(*?,%*9d0"*%'(*#"56=6>9%*4d%g=9#?,%&*h
O6"'*9%*56'*=&)'%"(E*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9*/*6#(*(0,(*4%*-l-%*4%'*>&6"53%'*6,g?,%99%'*'%
&655&053%&S*K"*F6#(E*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*6FF#&-%&*[%(*-l-%*6$%5*F0&5%^*?,%*5%&(6#"'*6'=%5('
4%*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6*'0"(*(0,(*f*F6#(*)(,4#6>9%'E*'6#'#''6>9%'*%(*40"5*50-=&)3%"'#>9%'E
5%5#*46"'*9%*'%"'*)(/-090]#?,%*4%*96*50-[\5,-^=&)3%"'#0"*?,#*'%&6#(*40"5*9d65(%*4%*=&%"4&%
6$%5*'0#*q*$0#&%*4%*F6#&%*6$%5*5%*?,d0"*6*%"*50"'#4)&6"(*96*=6&(#%*$#'#>9%*4%*9d#5%>%&]S*B%'
6'=%5('* 4,* (%g(%E* 5%* '0"(* 9%'* F#],&%'* 4%* '(/9%'* ?,d#9* ,(#9#'%E* 9%'* 0=(#0"'* &3)(0&#?,%'* ?,d#9
530#'#(*4%*=&%"4&%E*>&%F*(0,(%*96*4#-%"'#0"*'(&#5(%-%"(*F0&-%99%*4%*'0"*r,$&%S*K"*4)F#"#(#$%E
"0,'* '0--%'* ,"* =%,E* 4%$6"(* 5%((%* =6&09%* 50--%E* 4%'* ]0&#99%'* 46"'* 96* >&,-%* D* f* "0,'
V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
40"5E* '#-#%'?,%-%"(E* 4%* "0,'* &655&053%&* 6,g* >&6"53%'* c* ?,%99%'* '0"(* 5%'* >&6"53%'* h
+6*&3)(0&#?,%t*+6*&3)(0&#?,%*%"(%"4,%*50--%*9d%"'%->9%*4%'*=0''#>#9#()'*?,#*'d0FF&%"(*f
'0#*=0,&*%g=&#-%&*?,%9?,%*530'%*0,E*=9,'*,"#$%&'#(6#&%-%"(*=6&96"(*[%(*=0,&*5#(%&*N096"4
:6&(3%'Ê*96*j*'5#%"5%*?,#*504%*9d)-#''#0"*4%'*-%''6]%'*k*c*4%'*>&6"53%'E*%"*'0--%*D*=6'
6,(&%*530'%*c*4%'*>&6"53%'*',&*9%'?,%99%'*'d6''%0#&E*'%*&%=0'%&E*6,g?,%99%'*0"*'d%"*&%-%(E
%(5SE*%(5S*80#(E*40"5*m*K(*$6*=0,&*9d#-6]%*4%'*>&6"53%'t
<0,&(6"(E*9%*=&0>9.-%*&%'(%*%"(#%&*56&*5%*$%&'6"(*&3)(0&#?,%*D*50--%"(*9d6>0&4%&*h*R5#E
4%,g*50"5%=(#0"'*'d0==0'%"(*D*#9*/*6*9%'*9,4#?,%'*%(*9%'*5,#'(&%'*'#&%'*c*"0,'*(p53%&0"'*40"5
4%*"%*=6'*F6#&%*=6&(#%*4%*96*56'(%*4%,g#.-%E*-6#'*>#%"*=9,(s(*4%*"0,'*#"'=#&%&*4%*9d6==&053%
6#-6>9%-%"(*-69#5#%,'%*4d,"*N6/-0"4*a,%"%6,*?,#*',(*$0#&*%(*"0,'*F6#&%*$0#&*%(*6==&)5#%&
9%*5s()*50-#?,%*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%*c*53%u*9,#*5d)(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*,"%*F0&-%*4%*=09#(%''%
%(* 4d3,-#9#()* D* 5d%'(* ?,%* 4%$6"(* 96* =6&09%* [?,#* =0,&* 5%&(6#"'* "d%'(* 6,(&%* ?,%* O#%,Ê* 0"* '%
'%"(*=6&F0#'*=%(#(E*4)=6'')E*&#4#5,9%E*4)&#'0#&%*q*>&%F*,"*=%,E*',==0'0"'H9%E*50--%*v4#=%
F65%* 6,* 8=3#"gS* R9* "d%'(* 5%&(%'* =6'* 36>#(,%9* 4%* '%* &)596-%&* 4d,"* =%"'%,&H=0.(%* 50--%
a,%"%6,*=0,&*>p(#&*,"%*(3.'%*-6#'E*&%4#'0"'*"0(&%*4)'#&*4%*F6#&%*"s(&%*'6*$#'#0"*%"C0,)%*4%
96*&3)(0&#?,%E*5%5#*=0,&*&%"4&%*50-=(%*4d,"%*r,$&%E*5%99%*4%*M0$6&#"6E*'#*3%&-)(#?,%*?,%
5%96*=&l(%*'0,$%"(*%(*f*&#&%*f*'0,&#&%*D*96*]90'%E*9d%g)].'%E*9%*50--%"(6#&%*'0"(H#9'*-l-%
=0''#>9%'* h* Bd%'(* f* '%* 9%* 4%-6"4%&S* O6"'* ,"* 6&(#59%* #"(#(,9)* j* `69.&%* 0,* $0/6]%* 46"'* 9%
@
5&#'(69*k *%(*%"*4%'*(%&-%'*?,#*4%$&6#%"(*=0,&(6"(*"0,'*&%F&0#4#&*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(E*N0g6"%
I6&(#"*)$0?,%*4%*F6b0"*9,-#"%,'%*9%*=&0>9.-%*?,#*"0,'*=&)055,=%*%(E*=0,&*"0,'*%g=&#-%&
46"'*,"*96"]6]%*=9,'*F6-#9#%&E*-%(*9%*40#](*9f*0o*b6*F6#(*-69*%"*4#'6"(E*=9,'*%g65(%-%"(*?,%
"0,'*"%*'6,&#0"'*9%*F6#&%E*5%*?,%*"0,'*=%"'0"'*4,*',C%(*D
L’œuvre de Valère Novarina relègue les catégories génériques au magasin des
accessoires. Face à une langue désarticulée, une fable inexistante et un refus de
la linéarité de l’intrigue, la critique littéraire ne peut que constater l’obsolescence
de ses outils d’analyse. En effet, comment, pour la critique, formaliser une
écriture qui se veut informelle ? Comment isoler la structure d’une œuvre
relevant d’une poétique de la déstructuration ? Toute la difficulté réside là : dans
l’inadaptation des méthodes critiques […].
7'',-0"'*40"5*%"*=6&(#%*9%*&#4#5,9%*4d,"*596''#?,%*4)50&(#56]%*5&#(#?,%*6==9#?,)*f*,"%*(%99%
r,$&%*%(E*'6"'*=&)(%"4&%*l(&%*56=6>9%*4%*&)$09,(#0""%&*96*-6"#.&%*36>#(,%99%*4d6>0&4%&*9%'
(%g(%'* 50--%* N0g6"%* I6&(#"* '%->9%* 9%* =&)50"#'%&* 46"'* 5%9,#* ?,#* =&)5.4%E* 50"(%"(0"'H
"0,'*4d6$6"5%&E*"0"*F0&5)-%"(*-6'?,)E*-6#'*6$%5*,"%*F0&-%*4%*'0,&#&%*[,"*'0,&#&%*f*96
a,%"%6,E*=%,(Hl(&%t^*%(*9%*=9,'*3,->9%-%"(*=0''#>9%*q*"0(0"'*6,*=6''6]%*?,%*96*4#FF#5,9()
1
4%*9d%"(&%=&#'%*6*)]69%-%"(*)()*'0,9#]")%*=6&*G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6, *D*j*+%'*(%g(%'*4%
M0$6&#"6*4)C0,%"(*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(*9%'*50,(,-#.&%'*-6"r,$&%'*4d6==&053%'*4%*96*5&#(#?,%*kS
7#"'#*40"5*D*50--%"(*=&05)4%&*50"5&.(%-%"(*h*20,(%'*=&0=0&(#0"'*]6&4)%'E*9d6==&053%
%"* =6&(#%* 3,-0&#'(#?,%* $0#&%* [-6#'* "%* 9d6FF#&-0"'* =6'^* #&0"#50H9656"#%""%* [=6&* -0-%"('^
4d,"%*J)9."%*B#g0,'*50--%"(6"(*:%5n%((*[%(*=0,&?,0#*=6'*4d7&(6,4*)$0?,6"(*`6"*P0]3*h^
"0,'* =6&6w(* 6,''#* ,"* %g5%99%"(* -04.9%* %(* ,"%* (&.'* >0""%* =0'(,&%* 4%* 4)=6&(* )(6"(* 40"")
9%* ',C%(* q* 0"* 4#&6* %"* (%-='* ,(#9%'* %"* ?,0#* +%#&#'E* O%&&#46* %(* +,56'* "0,'* 0"(* )]69%-%"(
#"F9,%"5)'*=0,&*=6&9%&*4,*-0(*%(*9%*4)50&(#?,%&*6F#"*4%*$0#&*5%*?,d#9*50"(#%"(S*O6"'*,"*-l-%
0&4&%*4d#4)%E*9d#"5#=#(*4%*96*=&)F65%*[5FS*K4#(#0"'*4,*8%,#9^*4dx$%'*:0""%F0/*=0,&*4.'T#U7&'(#
V)..:E*j*+%*-6w(&%*-0(*-6"?,%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*(0,C0,&'S*kE*6,&6#(*=,E*f*9,#*'%,9E*&%-=965%&*"0'
@
**N0g6"%*I6&(#"E*j*`69.&%*0,*$0/6]%*46"'*9%*5&#'(69*kE*&%$,%*C#)9%&*"y*LLAHLL@E*Z&6"5%E*70z(H8%=(%->&%*1AA1E*=S@WXS
1
**G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,E*j*7,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%*0,*9%'*#"4#56(#0"'*53#%""#?,%'*4%*96*-/'6"5."%*kE*4&'7+IM7)&'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.B
#8&'/*G8&'(&'(I:$;).8*&B*2%g(,%99%'\23)p(&%E*<S!S<SE*I6&'%#99%E*1AAWE*=S*1QS
@A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
4#'5,(6>9%'*%g%&],%'S*B%((%*6FF#&-6(#0"E*4%*F6#(E*"0,'*96*=&%"0"'*f*"0(&%*50-=(%*D*-l-%*'#E
46"'*9%*-%#99%,&*4%'*56'E*5%&(6#"%'*4%*"0'*#"(,#(#0"'*'%*&)$)96#%"(*C,'(%'E*"0,'*"%*'%&#0"'
=6'*$&6#-%"(*=9,'*6$6"5)'S
7''%u*90]#?,%-%"(E*=%,(Hl(&%*'%&6*40"5*,"*-0(H59%FS*O%*-l-%E*96*F0&-%*#"(%&&0]6(#$%E
9%*=0#"(*4d#"(%&&0]6(#0"*%(*4%'*(0,&",&%'*4%*=3&6'%*%(*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*-6&?,6"(*9d#"5%&(#(,4%
(%99%'*?,%*j*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*kE*0,*j*0"*=0,&&6#(*$0#&*5%5#*50--%*k*&%$#%"4&0"(*(&.'*'0,$%"(
F0#'*6,*50,&'*4%*5%((%*(3.'%S*K"F#"E*%(*'6"'*>#%"*'z&*=&0=0'%&*%"*5%96*[=6&*,"*'"0>#'-%
6>',&4%^*,"%*'0&(%*4%*5&#(#?,%*F0"46-%"(69%*%(*'/'()-6(#?,%*4%'*$69%,&'*%,&0=)%""%'E*#9*%'(
5%&(6#"*?,%*"0'*56()]0&#%'*"%*F0"5(#0""%&0"(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*=0,&*6==&)3%"4%&*(%9*0,*(%9*6'=%5(
4,* (%g(%* %(* 5d%'(* =0,&?,0#* "0,'* )$0?,%&0"'* =0"5(,%99%-%"(* 4d6,(&%'* 6==&053%'E* $%",%'
4d6#99%,&'*%(*&%9%$6"(*=6&*%g%-=9%*4%*96*=%"')%*(60{'(%*0,*6,(&%'*[$6,40,*E*536-6"#'-%E
6"#-#'-%E*_%"E*%(5S^S
O%* =9,'E* 0"* '6#(* ?,df* 9d#"'(6&* 4%'* =&0=3.(%'E* 40"(* #9* '%->9%* '%* '%"(#&* =&053%* [#9* %"
(&64,#'#(*,"Ê*M0$6&#"6*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*9%*=6''%,&\=6''0#&%*4d,"%*=6&09%*?,#*9%*4)=6''%
%"*=6&(#%*q*%(*5%*f*(%9*=0#"(*?,d#9*=6&6w(*=9%#"*4%*5,&#0'#()*f*9d%"4&0#(*4%*'%'*=&0=&%'*=#.5%'
[6,g?,%99%'* #9* 6''#'(%* '0,$%"(Ê* $#'#(6"(* '6* =&0=&%* F0&l(* 4%* -0('E* 50"'#4)&6"(* (%9'* 0,* (%9'
4)(6#9'E*(&6?,6"(*(%9*0,*(%9*(&0=#'-%*D*50--%"(*4.'*90&'*=0,&&#0"'H"0,'*6FF#&-%&*?,0#*?,%
5%* '0#(* h* K"* '0--%* %(* 50"$%"0"'H%"E* '%* 4#&%* '=)5#69#'(%* 4d,"%* r,$&%* 50--%* 5%99%* 4%
M0$6&#"6E*'d6""0"5%&E*'%*=&)'%"(%&*50--%*(%9*%'(E*=%'0"'*"0'*-0('E*=6&F6#(%-%"(*&#4#5,9%S
I6#'*6$0#&*9%*F0"5(#0""%-%"(*4d,"*'=)5#69#'(%*[0,*?,#*%''6#%*=&)(%"(#%,'%-%"(*4d%"*4%$%"#&
.-%
,"^*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%*50-#?,%*53%u*9%'*6,(%,&'*F&6"b6#'*[%(*"0(6--%"(*4%*96*F#"*4,*iRi
*6,
.-%
4)>,(*4,*iiR
^*?,#*'d#"()&%''%*4%*(&.'*=&.'*f*96*-6&?,%*?,%*$6*96#''%&*9%*&#&%*"0$6&#"#%"
46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*9%*'%&6#(*4)Cf*9)].&%-%"(*-0#"'*q*%(*5d%'(*40"5*6,''#*f*5%
(#(&%*?,%*"0,'*0'0"'*96*(3.'%S*O%*-l-%E*'#*9%'*"0-'*4%*<#"]%(E*4%*20=0&E*4%*26&4#%,*%(
4%*O,>#996&4*'%&0"(*'0,$%"(*6''05#)'*f*5%9,#*4%*9d6,(%,&E*5%*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*=0,&*(%"(%&*4%
&%=965%&*5%*4%&"#%&*46"'*,"%*'0&(%*4d3#'(0#&%*-04%&"%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*50-#?,%*F&6"b6#'%
q*0"*&)69#'%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*=6''6"(*?,%*9%'*?,6(&%*6,(%,&'*5#()'*"d055,=%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'
%"50&%*96*=965%*?,d#9'*-)&#(%"(*c*f*"0(&%*6$#'E*5%*'0"(*-l-%E*50--%*M0$6&#"6E*4%'*=9)#64)'
%"*=,#''6"5%*%(*'6536"(*50--%*9,#*0=)&%&*4%'*&6==&053%-%"('*(0,(*f*F6#(*',&=&%"6"('*[36,(
%(*>6'E*&#&%*%(*=3#90'0=3#%E*%(5S^S
:#%"* =%,* -04%'(%-%"(* %(* '6"'* >#%"* 'z&* (%"#&* 50-=(%* 4d,"* ?,%950"?,%* 0&4&%
69=36>)(#?,%E* "0,'* '0,36#(%&#0"'* %"50&%* ?,%* 5%((%* (3.'%* 6#(* ,"* F0"5(#0""%-%"(* 4%
4#5(#0""6#&%*q*6$%5E*>#%"*'z&E*96*=6&(*4%*',>C%5(#$#()*?,#*=&)'#4%*(0,C0,&'*f*9d)96>0&6(#0"*4%*5%
(/=%*4d0,$&6]%S*K"*F6#(*q*9d#4)%*"0,'*6,&6*(&6$%&')*9d%'=&#(*qE*"0,'*6,&#0"'*=,E*=6&*9d0=)&6(#0"
4#(%*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*6==9#?,)%*6,*=&%-#%&*(%&-%*4%*"0(&%*'0,'H(#(&%E*530#'#&
4d)5&#&%*j*!"#()*&3)(0&#?,%*4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*k*-6#'*5%96*6,&6#(*#-=9#?,)*4%*4)4#%&*,"
=%,*(&0=*-)56"#?,%-%"(*"0(&%*)(,4%*f*5%99%*4%'*#"$6&#6"('*4%*5%*?,%*G%6"H<#%&&%*86&&6u65
[$0#&*5#H6=&.'^*"0--%*j*,"*]&6"4*(%g(%*,"#?,%*k*6,*9#%,*?,%*"0,'*$0,4&#0"'*6,''#*-0"(&%&
96*'#"],96&#()*&3)(0&#?,%*4%*5365,"%*4%*5%'*=#.5%'S*M0(0"'*%"F#"*?,d,"*'0,'H(#(&%*50--%
j*<6"0&6-6*&3)(0&#?,%*4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*k*6,&6#(*=,E*f*96*&#],%,&E*F6#&%*9d0>C%(*4%*"0(&%
530#gS
+#'6"(*5%'*9#]"%'E*7""#%*P6/*"d#&6#(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*46"'*"0(&%*'%"'*-6#'*'6"'*40,(%
Q
%"50&%* =9,'* 90#"E* %99%* ?,#* 6FF#&-%* 46"'* W8&* /%$).:&' )&/%$)I&* * ?,%* j* |9dr,$&%}* 4)>0&4%
(0,(%'* 9%'* 9#-#(%'* 0,* F&0"(#.&%'* ?,%* 9,#* 0==0'%"(* 6,''#* >#%"* 9d,"#()* -6()&#%99%* 4d,"* 9#$&%
?,%* '6* 596''#F#56(#0"* #"(%99%5(,%99%* 46"'* ,"* ]%"&%* k* c* =,#'E* C,'(%* 6=&.'* 5%((%* 6FF#&-6(#0"
%99%*=&)5#'%*'6*=%"')%*D*j*7,5,"*9#$&%*"d%'(*590'S*O%*9#$&%*%"*9#$&%*'d0,$&%*9d%'=65%*4d,"%
Q
**7""#%*P6/E*j!"%*'=#&69%*&%'=#&)%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*B0&(#E*I6/%""%E*@%&*(&#-%'(&%*1AA@E*=S*@XLS
@@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
r,$&%*=%&=)(,%99%*?,%*",99%*F&0"(#.&%*"%*$#%"(*#"(%&&0-=&%*56&*%99%*%'(*=,&*-0,$%-%"(S*k
W
R"(%&$#%~6"(*G%6"H<#%&&%*86&&6u65 *B'B)9#"%*J%&'6"(*96"5%&6*-l-%*9d#4)%*?,dj*#9*/*6*?,%9?,%
530'%*53%u*M0$6&#"6*4,*]&6"4*(%g(%*0&#]#"%9*|t}*?,#*%->&6''%&6#(*9%*-0"4%*%(*9%'*0&#]#"%'E
%(*40"(*9d)(%"4,%*'%&6#(*96*'5."%*4%*(3)p(&%*kE*5%*f*?,0#*9d#"(%&$#%~)*&)6]#(*%"*4)$%90==6"(*D
j* a,%9?,%* 530'%* =&053%* 4%* O6"(%E* ,"%* e4#$#"%* 50-)4#%eE* '#* 9d0"* $%,(E* ,"* ]&6"4* (%g(%
,"#?,%*kS
7,''#* >#%"E* 0"* =0,&&6#(* 50"'#4)&%&* ?,%* 9d0&]6"#'6(#0"* 4%* M0$6&#"6E* '0"* 563#%&* 4%'
536&]%'E*6*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*=&0,'(#%"*%"*5%*?,%E*(0,(*50--%*9d6,(%,&*4%*4.'Q&*+&)*+&E
"0(&%*4&6-6(,&]%*"%*F6#(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%'*9#$&%'E*-6#'*,"%*r,$&%*q*%(*-l-%*503)&%"(%
C,'?,df*9d0>'%''#0"S*:#%"*?,d#9*'%->9%*=&05)4%&*=6&*$#&6]%'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*40,gE*M0$6&#"6
=%,(* %"* %FF%(* "0,'* 40""%&* q* f* 9d#-6]%* %"* 5%96* 4d,"* G%6"H+,5* <6&6"(* [%"* -0#"'* &64#569
(0,(%F0#'^*q*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*5&%,'%&*(0,C0,&'*,"*=%,*9%*-l-%*'#990"*%(*5d%'(*=0,&?,0#*#9*%'(
4#FF#5#9%*%(*F&,'(&6"(*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*#990]#?,%^*4%*"%*50"'#4)&%&*?,d,"%*0,*4%,g*r,$&%'
6#"'#*?,%*5d%'(*96*50,(,-%*q*=0,&*F#9%&*%"50&%*,"*=%,*96*-)(6=30&%*&0,(#.&%*%(*-)56"#?,%E
4#'0"'*?,%*'d#9*/*6*4%'*$#&6]%'E*#9'*'d%FF%5(,%"(*(0,C0,&'*',&*9%*-l-%*5#&5,#(S
:&%FE*=&05)4%&*50--%*'#*5%((%*r,$&%*"%*',>#''6#(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4d)$09,(#0"['^*%(*?,%
(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*"d%"*F6#'6#%"(*?,d,"%*'%&6#(*)$#4%--%"(*,"%*#4)%*&%96(#$%-%"(*')4,#'6"(%*c
-6#'*0,(&%*?,d#9*'%&6#(*F0&(*=%,*0&(3040g%E*6564)-#?,%E*5%*=6&(#H=&#'*=&)'%"(%&6#(*,"*6,(&%
]&0'*4)F6,(E*(0,(*f*F6#(*&)43#>#(0#&%*5%9,#H9ft*O%*F6#(E*%(*-l-%*'d#9*%'(*$&6#*?,d0"*"%*'6,&6#(
50--%*53%u*<&0,'(*=6&9%&*$&6#-%"(*4d#"(&#],%E*4%*-#9#%,*%(*%"50&%*-0#"'*['6,F*=%,(Hl(&%
=0,&*D.:/7.E&*%(*4567&:$&)*;9:.87^*4%*='/53090]#%*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'E*9%*=6&(#H=&#'*%"*?,%'(#0"
F%&6#(* 50-=9.(%-%"(* 6>'(&65(#0"* 4%* 5%* ?,df* 9d3%,&%* 0o* "0,'* )5&#$0"'* 5%'* 9#]"%'E* 9d6,(%,&
%'(*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*>%9*%(*>#%"*$#$6"(*-6#'*%"*=9%#"%*=0''%''#0"*4%*'0"*6&(*[%(*56=6>9%*4%
"0,'* ',&=&%"4&%* %"50&%* %(* (0,C0,&'Ê* %(* %"F#"* 4%* 5%* ?,%* 5365,"%* 4%* '%'* =#.5%'* 6E* "0,'
'%->9%H(H#9E*'6*'=)5#F#5#()E*'0"*564&%*[0,*'0"*"0"H564&%Ê*'%'*50,9%,&'*=&0=&%'*%(*%"*,"*-0(
'6*=%&'0""69#()*q*%'(H5%*40"5*,"*36'6&4*'d#9*9%,&*40""%*'0,$%"(*=0,&*(#(&%'*4%'*"0-'*4%
=%&'0""6]%'*h
8%*=0'%*%"50&%*,"*6,(&%*(/=%*4%*=&0>9.-%*D*'0--%'H"0,'*$&6#-%"(*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%
=#.5%'* h* B%((%* #"(%&&0]6(#0"* .' %)$9)$* =6&640g69%* &%$#%"4&6* (&.'* '0,$%"(* 46"'* "0(&%* (3.'%
(6"(*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*(0,(*6,''#*>#%"*=6&9%&*f*9%,&*%"4&0#(*4d%''6#'*[5FS*-9#)'49#$/'(&
D#8G/Ê*4d)=0=)%'*[5FS*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&Ê*4%*'=%5(659%'*4%*5#&?,%
[5FS* 4.' K*G8&E* 40"(* 96* 5&)6(#0"* 'd%FF%5(,6* '0,'* 536=#(%6,E* f* +6,'6""%E* 9%* QA* '%=(%->&%
1AAQÊ*4%*=6-=39%('*=09#(#?,%'*[5FS*4&'<.=$:*(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*4567&:$&)';9:.87^*$0#&%
4d0=)&%((%*[Fz(H%99%*#-6]#"6#&%Ê*4%*&0-6"*"0#&*[5FS*F&'/#$/Ê*4%*&0-6"*=09#5#%&*[5FS*N9#/'"#$
+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/^*%(*-l-%*4%*&0-6"*4%*'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"*[5FS*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&^S*:#%"*'z&E
"0,'*4#&0"'*%"*(%-='*,(#9%'*5%*?,#*"0,'*F6#(*%FF%5(,%&*5%'*&6==&053%-%"('*%(*0"*50"'(6(%&6
690&'*?,%*96*-%"(#0"*4%*(%9*0,*(%9*]%"&%*9#(()&6#&%*=%,(*%"*%FF%(*"dl(&%*=6'*(&0=*6>',&4%*=0,&
?,69#F#%&*(%99%*0,*(%99%*r,$&%*qf*-0#"'*?,%*9d6,(%,&E*"d6#(*(0,(*>0""%-%"(*#"$%"()*,"*]%"&%E
%"50&%*#""0--)*[9d0'%&0"'H"0,'*h^*%(*?,#*'%&6#(*40"5*f*96*5&0#')%*4%'*53%-#"'*%"(&%*(3)p(&%E
&0-6"E*%''6#E*5#&?,%E*=0)'#%E*%(5S
<0,&* 9d#"'(6"(E* 50"$%"0"'* ?,%* 9%'* r,$&%'* -#'%'* %"* 6$6"(* 9%* '%&0"(* %"* F0"5(#0"* 4%
9d6'=%5(* F0&-%9* )(,4#)* D* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* =0,&* 9d#99#'#>#9#()* %(* 9%* &6==0&(* f* 9d)(/-090]#%E
4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*=0,&*9d#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%*%(*9d%g=&%''#0"*4d,"%*6"6&53#%
&%96(#$%*=6''6"(*=6&*9%*96"]6]%E*4567&:$&)';9:.87*=0,&*9d6((6?,%*%"*&.]9%*50"(&%*,"*-0"4%
4)'3,-6"#')*0o*'%,9'*#-=0&(%"(*=&0F#(*%(*&%"(6>#9#()*[%(*9d%g=&%''#0"*4d,"*5%&(6#"*=%''#-#'-%
'05#69Ê*D.:/7.E&*[$0#&%*456*7&'$8*988#^*=0,&*9%*(&#>,(*=6/)*f*836n%'=%6&%E*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&
=0,&*96*$#09%"5%*%(*96*'6,$6]%&#%*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*[-6#'*6,''#*=0,&*96*&3)(0&#?,%*'=0&(#$%*%(
W
**G%6"H<#%&&%*86&&6u65E*j*+d7(%9#%&*$096"(*0,*9%*(3)p(&%*4%'*0&#]#"%'*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@1WS
@1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
9%'*)$%"(,%99%'*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*9%g#569%'*6$%5*9%*5#&?,%*%(*9d,"#$%&'*4%*96*'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"Ê
-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/*%(*@&?&#)&'E).0$:&*=0,&*9d6''05#6(#0"*(&0,>96"(%*%"(&%*&#&%*%(*'65&)E*F&
/#$/*%(*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*=0,&*96*"0#&5%,&*=6&F0#'*(%&&#>9%*4,*=&0=0'E*4.'>+.$)'(&
:5+9??&*=0,&*9%*(3.-%*4%*96*j*-6"]%&#%*kE*4&*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*=0,&*9%*&6==0&(
6,*'65&)*4%*5%(*6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(*?,#*(&64,#'#(*[5FS*6?9/^*,"%*=6&(#%*4%*96*:#>9%E*4&'@$/*9#)/
.#A'.8$?.#A*=0,&*'6*F6b0"*#"?,#.(%*%(*=96#"(#$%*4d)$0?,%&*,"%*F0&-%*4d%"F6"5%*50"5%&"6"(
j*+d7"#-69*4,*(%-='*kE*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*=0,&*9d#-=0&(6"5%*?,d#9*6550&4%*f*96*-,'#?,%E
f*96*536"'0"*%(*f*96*5,9(,&%*=0=,96#&%*[6&]0(E*6#&'*4d0=)&%((%E*(3)p(&%*4%*>0,9%$6&4*%(*F#9#6(#0"
=0''#>9%*6$%5*;FF%">653Ê*%"F#"*4.'K*G8&*%(*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*=0,&*96*5&#(#?,%*65%&>%*%(*4&s9%
4%*96*()9)$#'#0"*%(*4%*9d#"F0H'=%5(659%S
K"*'0--%E*=0,&*)(,4#%&*(%9*0,*(%9*6'=%5(*&3)(0&#?,%E*"0,'*=6&(#&0"'*(0,C0,&'*=9,'*0,
-0#"'*4d,"%*=#.5%*=&)5#'%*-6#'*5%96*"%*'#]"#F#%*",99%-%"(*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*#"(%&4#&0"'*4%*F6#&%
699,'#0"*f*4d6,(&%'*r,$&%'E*F,''%"(H%99%'*(3)0&#?,%'S*J0&-#'*4538"#$I7#(&E*?,#*F%&6*9d0>C%(
4d,"* (&6#(%-%"(* =6&(#5,9#%&E* "0,'* -%((&0"'* $090"(6#&%-%"(* ,"* =%,* 4%* 5s()* 5%* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&
"0--%*j*$%&'#0"'*=0,&*96*'5."%*k*%(*j*646=(6(#0"'*=0,&*96*'5."%*k*[4&'Q&%./E*45C"#$:$=)&'(&
:.'*)9$AE*%(5S^*-6#'*"0,'*9%'*)$0?,%&0"'*(0,(*4%*-l-%*4%*(%-='*%"*(%-='*46"'*96*-%',&%*0o
9%*(&6$6#9*4%*&)4,5(#0"E*4%*&%''%&&%-%"(E*4%*4)50,=6]%*%(*5%&(6#"%'*4#'=0'#(#0"'*"0,$%99%'
"0,'*&%"4&0"(*=9,'*'%"'#>9%'*f*4d6,(&%'*4)(6#9'*F0&-%9'E*6'=%5('*&3)(0&#?,%'*%(*4#-%"'#0"'
4,*(%g(%S
R-=%&5%=(#>9%-%"(E*0"*&%-6&?,%&6*6,''#*4%'*'0&(%'*4%*&%]&0,=%-%"('*D*4&'@).?&':.
;$&E*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[$0#&%*456*7&'$8*988#^*=0,&*96*$%#"%*)=#?,%
4%*9d6,(%,&*c*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/*%(*@&?&#)&'E).0$:&*=0,&*)$0?,%&*96*'6#"(%()*4,*590~"*c
4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/' %(* 4567&:$&)' ;9:.87* =0,&* 96* 5&#(#?,%* '05#69%* c* F&' /#$/* %(
N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/* =0,&* 9d6"690]#%* 6$%5* 9%* &0-6"* "0#&* c* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* %(
45J)$0$8&')9#0&'=0,&*9%'*536"'0"'*%(*96*=96#"(%*50-#?,%*?,#*'d/*%g=&#-%*'0,$%"(S*;"*=0,&&6#(
=&%'?,%*=6&9%&*#5#*4%*=#.5%'H'r,&'*D*5%96*=0,&&6*6$0#&*,"*9#%"*6$%5*9%*-0-%"(*0o*%99%'*F,&%"(
)5&#(%'E*-6#'*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*c*6#"'#E*96*$%#"%*=6&04#?,%*4%*9d6,(%,&*'%*&%(&0,$%*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&
46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&' [5FS* ()9)$#'#0"^* %(* 4567&:$&)' ;9:.87* [5FS* -0"4%* 4,* (&6$6#9^* q* %(* =6&9%&
4%*=#.5%'H'r,&'E*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*"%*'%&6#(*=6'*50-=9.(%-%"(*4)",)*4%*'%"'S*O6"'
96*-%',&%*4,*=0''#>9%E*"0,'*"0,'*%FF0&5%&0"'*4d)(,4#%&*9d)$09,(#0"*4%*9dr,$&%*%"*=6&(6"(
4%'* =#.5%'* 4,* 4)>,(* =0,&* 699%&* $%&'* 9%'* =9,'* &)5%"(%'* D* 0"* 50"'(6(%&6* f* 5%((%* 0556'#0"
?,%*M0$6&#"6*%'(*F#4.9%*f*'%'*F#],&%'E*96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=&05)4)'*?,d#9*,(#9#'%*[9#'(%E*0g/-0&%E
-0(H$69#'%E*]9#''%-%"('*-)(0"/-#?,%'E*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"E*=)&#=3&6'%^*)(6"(*&),(#9#')'
4d,"%*=#.5%*f*9d6,(&%S
<9,'* =&6]-6(#?,%-%"(E* 9%'* &)F)&%"5%'* [?,#* =0,&&6#%"(E* =0,&* 5%&(6#"'* 0,$&6]%'E
50"5%&"%&*P699#-6&4E*B3&#'(#6"*:0,&]%0#'E*+dK"%&],-."%*%(*75(%'*8,4^*&%"$%&&0"(*(0,(%'
6,g*)4#(#0"'*<S;S+E*50--%*%"*()-0#]"%*"0(&%*>#>9#0]&6=3#%*F#"69%*q*,"%*>#>9#0]&6=3#%*0oE
46"'*96*=6&(#%*j*7,(&%'*0,$&6]%'*,(#9#')'*kE*0"*'%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*530?,)*4%*$0#&*'%*5s(0/%&
J0-.&%E*B6-#E*J)'#04%E*`%&3%]]%"E*O6"(%E*2&%"%(E*7&(6,4*%(*O,>#996&4*D*#9*F6,4&6*C,'(%*/*$0#&
9%*'#]"%*4d,"*4)'#&*6'',-)*4d)59%5(#'-%*[,"*•'=)5#69#'-%€*0>(,'*)(6"(*=6&F0#'*5&#(#?,6>9%^
-6#'*',&(0,(*96*=&%,$%*4%*96*(&.'*]&6"4%*&#53%''%*&3)(0&#?,%*4%*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6*[?,d0"
=0,&&6*40"5*50-=6&%&*f*4%'*3,-0&#'(%'*F6,''%-%"(*-#"%,&'*50--%*f*4%'*]&6"4'*=#9#%&'
4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*-0"4#69%^S*<6&*6#99%,&'E*50--%*#"4#?,)*46"'*96*(6>9%*4%'*6>&)$#6(#0"'E*"0,'
6,&0"'* =6&F0#'* &%50,&'* =0,&* 9%'* )$0?,%&* [%(* 5%5#* 6F#"* 4d)$#(%&* ,"%* 5%&(6#"%* 90,&4%,&^* 6,g
#"#(#69%'*4%'*=#.5%'*%"*?,%'(#0"*[OS`S*=0,&*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*OS7S*=0,&*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A
.8$?.#AE*7S`S*=0,&*4567&:$&)';9:.87'E*BSJS*=0,&*4.*>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*:SBSOS*=0,&*4&'<.=$:
(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*%(5S^S
@Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
<0"5(,%99%-%"(E*"0,'*)$0?,%&0"'*6,''#*9%*$%&'6"(*=#5(,&69*4%*9dr,$&%*%(*=&0=0'%&0"'
f*536?,%*F0#'*?,%*"0,'*=6&9%&0"'*4d,"%*=%#"(,&%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*5&#(#?,%*6&(#'(%*56&E*0,(&%*"0(&%
=#.(&%*50""6#''6"5%*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*,(#9#')%'E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*5%*'0#(*9%*'%,9*-0/%"*=0,&*"0,'
4d6>0&4%&*5%*&#$6]%S*O6"'*9%'*50--%"(6#&%'*',>C%5(#F'*?,#*'%&0"(*690&'*=&0=0')'E*%(*?,#((%
f*=6&6w(&%*,"*=%,*=&)(%"(#%,g*%"*"0,'*&)596-6"(*4,*<6=%*4,*8,&&)69#'-%E*"0(&%*6==&053%
=0,&&6* )]69%-%"(E* 46"'* 9%* =&#"5#=%* >#%"* 'z&* [5%9,#* 46"'* 4d,"* 9p53%&H=&#'%* (0,(* &%96(#F* %(
4d,"*4)9#&%*(&.'*50"(&s9)E*>&%F*4d,"%*5%&(6#"%*50"F#6"5%*6550&4)%*6,g*F65,9()'*#-6]#"6(#$%'Ê
'd#"'=#&%&* 4%'* (%g(%'* 4d,"* :&%(0"* 50--%"(6"(* I#&•* 46"'* K$08&' ./*&8(.87* c* 9f* %"50&%E* f
(&6$%&'*5%(*%g%&5#5%E*#9*'d6]#&6*=0,&*"0,'*4%*96"5%&*,"*4)>6(*%"*4#'6"(*"0(&%*F6b0"*4%*$0#&E
-6#'*'6"'*=&)(%"4&%*#-=0'%&*"0'*$,%'S
a,6"(* 6,g* #"(%&$#%~'* 4%* 9d6,(%,&E* %99%'* "0,'* '%->9%"(* F6#&%* =6&(#%* #"()]&6"(%* 4%* '0"
r,$&%* %(* "0,'* '%&$#&0"(* >%6,50,=* D* 5d%'(* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* '%->9%* f* 536?,%* F0#'* /* F6#&%
,"%* '0&(%* 4%* =0#"(* ',&* '0"* (&6$6#9* %(* ?,d%99%'* =&)'%"(%"(* =6&* 6#99%,&'* 4d)$#4%"(%'* ?,69#()'
9#(()&6#&%'S*R9*%'(*%"50&%*f*"0(%&*?,%*"0,'*"d6$0"'*=6'*530#'#*4d#"(#(,9%&*5%5#*eK(,4%*4&6-6(#?,%
4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"eE*96*4&6-6(,&]#%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*=%,(*%"*%FF%(*l(&%*50"'#4)&)%*50--%
,"%*'0&(%*4%*&3)(0&#?,%*'=)5#F#?,%E*6==9#?,)%*6,g*'%,9%'*=96"53%'S*B%&(%'E*96*4#-%"'#0"
'(&#5(%-%"(*(3)p(&69%*'%&6*6>0&4)%*=6&*"0,'*-6#'*=0,&*4%'*&6#'0"'*(%53"#?,%'E*%99%*"%*9%
'%&6*?,%*&%96(#$%-%"(*c*5d%'(*?,%*=0,&*%'=)&%&*=&04,#&%*,"%*)(,4%*4&6-6(,&]#?,%*$&6#-%"(
4#]"%*4%*5%*"0-E*#9*'%&6#(*6>'09,-%"(*#"4#'=%"'6>9%E*#-=)&6(#FE*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*4d6$0#&*$,
%"*4#&%5(*[%(*-l-%*=9,'#%,&'*F0#'^*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*9d6,(%,&*[%(*5%*'6"'*%g5%=(#0"Ê*-6#'
)]69%-%"(*4d6$0#&*%,*9d0556'#0"*4%*4#'5,(%&*(&.'*90"],%-%"(*6$%5*65(%,&'*%(*6,(%,&*[-6#'
6,''#*50'(,-#%&E*50-=0'#(%,&E*)596#&6]#'(%^*%(*4d6''#'(%&*f*,"*-6g#-,-*4%*&)=)(#(#0"'E*5%'
50,9#''%'*4%*9d%g=90#(SSS
:&%FE*46"'*9%*(#(&%*F#"69%-%"(*530#'#E*9d#4)%*4d)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*'d6==9#?,6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'
"6(,&%99%-%"(*f*96*"0(#0"*4%*(%g(%*)5&#(*50"$%"6#(*'6"'*40,(%*-#%,g*?,%*9d0=(#0"*50"'#'(6"(
46"'*,"%*)(,4%*4%*(/=%*=,&%-%"(*4&6-6(,&]#?,%*q*$0#&%E*-6#'*=0,&*4d6,(&%'*&6#'0"'*["0,'
&%$#%"4&0"'* ',&* 5%((%* ?,%'(#0"Ê* 46"'* ,"%* )(,4%* %'(3)(#?,%S* <6&* 6#99%,&'E* 0,(&%* ,"* 4)'#&
9)]#(#-%*%(*&%9%$6"(*4%*96*=9,'*)9)-%"(6#&%*9,5#4#()*['6]%''%*$0#&%^*4%*"0,'*9#-#(%&*?,%9?,%
=%,* 6,* "#$%6,* 4%'* 0>C%5(#F'* f* 6((%#"4&%E* 5%((%* (3.'%* $0,4&6#(* 6,''#* '%* =&)'%"(%&* 50--%
,"%*4)F%"'%*%(*#99,'(&6(#0"*4,*(%g(%*(3)p(&69*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(E*4,*(3)p(&%*9,*'%,9*c*5%(*%g%&5#5%
'09#(6#&%E*?,#*&%C0#"(*,"*=%,*9d)50,(%*4%'*4&6-6(#?,%'*&64#0=30"#?,%'*53.&%'*f*+,5#%"*7((0,"
[$0#&%*9%'*%"&%]#'(&%-%"('*4d7"4&)*I6&50"^*=%,(*%"*%FF%(*'d6==6&%"(%&E*50--%*9%*'6$%"(
9%'*50""6#''%,&'E*f*,"%*%g=)&#%"5%*4%*9%5(%,&*4d,"%*#"(%"'#()*F6"(6'(#?,%*q*',&(0,(*90&'?,d#9
'd6]#(*4%*9#&%*4,*M0$6&#"6*m
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(* 4%* 5%((%* 0=(#0"* 4%* (&6$6#9* 50"5%&"6"(* 9%* (3)p(&%* ',&* =6]%['Ê* "0,'
'6$0"'*?,d,"*6,(&%*&%=&053%E*5%9,#*4%*"%*=6'*"0,'*l(&%*',FF#'6--%"(*9#-#()*6,*"#$%6,*4,
"0->&%*4%'*=#.5%'*530#'#%'E*=0,&&6#(*"0,'*l(&%*F6#(S*7$%5*&6#'0"*h*a,#((%*f*=6&6w(&%*#"'09%"(E
"0,'*$0,4&#0"'*=&0,$%&*?,%*5%96*"d%'(*=6'*'#*'z&*)(6"(*40"")*9d0=65#()*%g(&l-%*4%*9dr,$&%
'#*=6&(#5,9#.&%*?,#*"0,'*=&)055,=%S*7#"'#E*6$0,0"'*?,%*5%96*"0,'*')5,&#'%*]&6"4%-%"(*4%
'6$0#&*?,df*(0,(*-0-%"(E*96*=0''#>#9#()*%g#'(%&6*=0,&*"0,'*4%*>)")F#5#%&*4%*=9,'#%,&'*=0#"('
4d6==,#E*%(*[=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*,"%*-)(6=30&%*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*4)5#4)-%"(*=6&96"(%^*4%*"0,'
&655&053%&*f*=9,'#%,&'*>&6"53%'*f*96*F0#'S*O%*9d6$#'*4%*"0->&%*4%*5&#(#?,%'*%(*4%*9%5(%,&'
6((%"(#F'E*5%((%*r,$&%E*&%4#'0"'H9%*'6"'*%.7+9/E*"d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*(0,(*f*F6#(*50--%*9%'
6,(&%'*%(*#9*%'(*40"5*6''%u*90]#?,%*4%*'d0&]6"#'%&*%"*50"')?,%"5%*=0,&*%''6/%&*4%*=6&9%&
4d%99%*'6"'*6$0#&*9d6#&*(&0=*&#4#5,9%S
7*"0(&%*6$#'*40"5E*5%96*=0,&&6#(*=6''%&E*50--%*%"*,"*4#5(#0""6#&%E*=6&*,"%*-,9(#(,4%
4d%"(&)%'E* 4d6==&053%'* %(* 4%* &%]6&4'S* K"* '0--%E* "0(&%* )(,4%* '%* $0,4&6#(* =6"0&6-#?,%E
=6"0=(#?,%*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*,"*=%,*5,>#'(%*%"*5%*?,%*'%*=&0=0'6"(*4%*-0"(&%&*%"*,"%*F0#'
@W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
,"%*(0(69#()E*f*'6$0#&*(0,(%'*5%'*=#.5%'E*-6#'*4d,"*'%,9*=0#"(*4%*$,%*D*5%9,#*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%S
B%*?,d#9*F6,(*)]69%-%"(*50-=&%"4&%E*5d%'(*?,d#9*%'(*4)5#4)-%"(*(&0=*F&,'(&6"(E*90&'?,%*"0,'
)(,4#0"'*(%9*6'=%5(*&3)(0&#?,%*%"*=6&(6"(*4%*(%99%*=#.5%E*4%*"0,'*50"(%"(%&*4%*5%((%*4%&"#.&%
(0,(*%"*'6536"(*?,%*46"'*,"%*6,(&%E*5%(*6'=%5(*'%*&%(&0,$%E*-6#'*(&6#()E*&%(&6$6#99)*,"*=%,
4#FF)&%--%"(E*9d6,(%,&*=&0=0'6"(*(0,(*f*50,=*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6&F0#'*f*'0"*#"',^*,"%*$6&#6"(%
#"()&%''6"(%E*%(*"0,'*-0"(&6"(*96*F#],&%*%"*?,%'(#0"*'0,'*,"*C0,&*"0,$%6,E*5090&)%*4%*F6b0"
#"'09#(%S
K"*'0--%E*5%*'%&6*=9,(s(*9d#"()&l(*=0,&*96*&3)(0&#?,%*?,#*"0,'*],#4%&6*%(*"0"*9%*&%'=%5(
4d,"%* 50"$%"(#0"* $#4%* 4%* '%"'* ?,#* 50"'#'(%&6#(E* =0,&* 536?,%* '0,'H=6&(#%E* f* =6&(#&* 4d,"%
'%,9%* %(* -l-%* =#.5%* %(* 4%* "%* =6&9%&* ?,%* 4d%99%* q* 5%* ?,#E* =0,&* (0,(* 4#&%E* &%9.$%&6#(E* "0,'
'%->9%H(H#9E* 4d,"%* 6==&053%* 50-=9.(%-%"(* 6>',&4%* $0#&%* -6"#6?,%E* '5096#&%* %(* ='/530H
&#]#4%S*B0"')?,%"5%*90]#?,%*D*#9*=0,&&6*40"5*6&&#$%&*?,%*"0,'*=6''#0"'E*50--%*699.]&%-%"(E
4d,"%*=#.5%*f*9d6,(&%*%(*=&%'?,%*'6"'*=&)$%"#&S*;"*=0,&&6*690&'*"0,'*655,'%&*4%*=&05)4%&
=6"#?,%-%"(* [46"'* 9d655%=(#0"* 6&&6>69#%""%* 4%* 5%* (%&-%^* %(* 4%* $%&'%&* 46"'* ,"%* '0&(%
4%*50?*f*9dp"%*F0&(*=%,*'5#%"(#F#?,%*D*(%9*"%*'%&6*=6'*$&6#-%"(*9%*56'E*56&*"0,'*/*$0/0"'
=9,(s(* 9%* -0/%"* 4%* -0"(&%&* 96* (&.'* ]&6"4%* ,"#()* &3)(0&#?,%E* )$0?,)%* (0,(* f* 9d3%,&%E* 4%
9dr,$&%*(0,(*%"(#.&%*[,"*j*]&6"4*(%g(%*,"#?,%*kE*=&)(%"4*G%6"H<#%&&%*86&&6u65^*q*,"#()*40"(
9d6"69/'%E*&%4#'0"'H9%E*=0,&&6#(*F0&(*>#%"*F6#&%*9d0>C%(*4d,"%*6,(&%*(3.'%*[$0#&%*4d,"*%''6#^*0o
9d#"F0&-6(#?,%*=0,&&6#(*C0,%&*'0"*&s9%S
<0,&*&)',-%&E*"0,'*6$0"'*50"'5#%"5%*?,%*"0(&%*',C%(*%'(*=9,'*?,%*(&.'*$6'(%*%(*?,%*5%96
50"5%&"%*4d6#99%,&'*)]69%-%"(*9%*-0(*e&3)(0&#?,%e*?,#*=%,(E*4%*F6#(E*'d6==9#?,%&*f*,"*]&6"4
"0->&%*4%*"0(#0"'*?,#*'%&0"(*(0,(%'E*=%,*0,*=&0,E*)$0?,)%'*f*,"*-0-%"(*0,*f*,"*6,(&%
f*9d#"()&#%,&*4%*5%((%*(3.'%*D*F#],&%'*%(*=&05)4)'*>#%"*'z&*-6#'*6,''#E*=l9%H-l9%E*4#'=0'#(#F'E
6&'%"69*&3)(0&#?,%E*504%E*564&%E**9)%#/E*)-#''#0"\&)5%=(#0"E*30&#u0"*4d6((%"(%E*$056>,96#&%E
536-='*9%g#56,gE*-)96"]%*4%'*]%"&%'E*&%]#'(&%*4%*96"],%E*(0"E*'(/9%E*-/(3090]#%E*=3#9090]#%E
)(/-090]#%E*%(5SE*%(5S*R5#*4%'*,',%9'*50--%*9%*V).(#/*%(*96*Q+I79)$"#&*0I8I).:&*(#'V)9#%&
Y*'%*&)$.9%&0"(*F0&(*,(#9%'*%(*"0,'*"0,'*/*&)F.&%&0"'*'0,$%"(S
Od%g5%99%"(%'* )(,4%'* 5&#(#?,%'* 6/6"(* )()* 50"'65&)%'* f* 5%&(6#"'* 6'=%5('* 4%* 9dr,$&%E
"0,'*/*&%"$%&&0"'*$090"(#%&'E*?,%*5%*'0#(*[=6&*%g%-=9%^*5%99%['^*4%*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&*[',&
9%* 20,&* 4%* Z&6"5%* 0,* 9d#-=0&(6"5%* 4,* C%(^* 0,* ?,d#9* 'd6]#''%* 4%* G%6"HI6&#%* <&64#%&* [=0,&
'%'*&6==&053%-%"('*=%&(#"%"('*%"(&%*7'#%*%(*M0$6&#"#%^*0,*%"50&%*4%'*$#'#0"'*(0,(*f*F6#(
0&#]#"69%'*4d,"*B96,4%*I%&9#"E*4%*9d6==&053%*[4%*9d#"()&#%,&^*4d6,(&%'*65(%,&'*50--%*7"4&)
I6&50"* [=6&96"(* 4%* &/(3-%^* 0,* 4%* +)0=094* $0"* `%&'53,%&* ['%* =0'6"(* 96* ?,%'(#0"* 4%* 96
(&64,5(#0"Ê*4%'*4)$%90==%-%"('*4d799%"*8S*‚%#''*%(*4,*=6&699.9%*?,d#9*)(6>9#(*6$%5*96*F6(&6'#%
-)4#)$69%E*4,*(&6$6#9*4%*F0"4*6550-=9#*=6&*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*',&*9%*&#&%*%(*9%*'65&)E*%(5SE*%(5S
O%*"0(&%*5s()E*46"'*96*-%',&%*4,*=0''#>9%*%(*)(6"(*40"")%*"0(&%*50""6#''6"5%*65(,%99%
4%*96*]90'%*50"5%&"6"(*9d6,(%,&E*"0,'*(653%&0"'*4d699%&*',&*4%'*=#'(%'*40"(*"0,'*5&0/0"'
'6$0#&*?,d%99%'*0"(*)()*&%96(#$%-%"(*=%,*F&)?,%"()%'*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(*[5FS*&)5,&&%"5%*4,*5&p"%
%(* 4%* 96* 50&4%E* =0''#>9%'* 50&&%'=0"46"5%'* &3)(0&#?,%'* 6$%5* 9%* &0-6"* "0#&* %(* 96* '5#%"5%
F#5(#0"E*9%'*50"5%=('*4d6,(&,#*9%*50&='*%(*4%*'6,]&%",*]&6"4#0'%E*&6==0&(*0FF%">653#%"*f*96
-/(3090]#%*]&)50H&0-6#"%E*&s9%*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*$,%*50--%*,"*4%'*=#$0('*4%
9dr,$&%E*=&)'%"5%*=6&F0#'*5&/=()%*4dJ6-9%(*%(*4%*'0"*'=%5(&%*4%*=.&%E*4%*<#"0553#0*%(*4%*96
F#],&%*53&#'(#?,%E*=6&%"()*6$%5*+%~#'*B6&&099E*B36&9%'*<%&&6,9(E*+0$%5&6F(E*B6-#E*2530,6"]
2'%,E*%(5S^S*O%*-l-%E*=0,&*%g=9#5#(%&*"0(&%*=%"')%E*"0,'*6,&0"'*4%*(%-='*%"*(%-='*&%50,&'
f*4%'*'/->09%'*%(*f*4%'*-)(6=30&%'*6,g?,%9'*9d6,(%,&*"d6*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*=%"')*["%*5#(0"'
?,%*9%* -#&659%E*9%* >9,%'E*96*50&>%#99%* 4%*90(0E*96* 56"5&#(,4%* %(* 9d0$"#()^* %(* ?,#E* 50--%* 4%'
(,(%,&'E*"0,'*6#4%&0"(*f*6$6"5%&*46"'*"0(&%*&)F9%g#0"*=%&'0""%99%S
@X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
K"F#"E*#9*6&&#$%&6*?,%*"0(&%*)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*=,#''%*=6&F0#'*l(&%*?,69#F#)%*4%*(3)-6(#?,%*c
f*5%96E*&#%"*4d)(0""6"(E*',&(0,(*'#*9d0"*$%,(*>#%"*50"'#4)&%&*96*4#'(#"5(#0"*6''%u*"%((%*?,%
"0,'*'0,36#(%&#0"'*0=)&%&*#5#*c*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*%"*%FF%(*?,d,"%*&3)(0&#?,%*%'(*(0,C0,&'*=9,'*0,
-0#"'*9#)%*f*,"%*(&64#(#0"E*f*4%'*&%=&)'%"(6(#0"'*'=)5#F#?,%'E*f*,"%*50"'(&,5(#0"*=6&(#5,9#.&%
$0#&%*f*4%'*'(&,5(,&%*-%"(69%'*(6"4#'*?,d,"*(3.-%*%g#'(%*46"'*96*"6(,&%E*6,*-0#"'*.'%)$9)$S
7#"'#*40"5E*=0,&*96*=9,=6&(*4%'*6'=%5('*F0&-%9'*?,%*"0,'*)(,4#%&0"'E*"0,'*"0,'*=%&-%((&0"'
4%*=&0=0'%&*[5%96*"0,'*=6&6#''6"(*90]#?,%^*,"*=6"0&6-6*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*&6=#4%*[,"*',&$09E
,"* %g=0')^* 50"5%&"6"(* 9d,(#9#'6(#0"* 36>#(,%99%* 4%* 96* F#],&%* [0,* 4,* 4#'=0'#(#F^* %"* ?,%'(#0"E
%(*40"5*6,''#*9%*(&6#(%-%"(*(&64#(#0""%9*4%*(%9*0,*(%9*(3.-%*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&E*5%5#*6F#"*4%*4#&%
6''%u*',55#"5(%-%"(*46"'*?,%99%*F#9#6(#0"*9#(()&6#&%*[$0#&%*(3)090]#?,%*0,*6&(#'(#?,%^*'d#"'5&#(
9d6,(%,&*%(*%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*'0"*6==0&(*=%&'0""%9*%(*96*&,=(,&%*)$%"(,%99%*6$%5*(%99%*0,*(%99%
(&64#(#0"* 4)Cf* )(6>9#%* [0,* >#%"* &%50"4,5(#0"* &%96(#$%* 4%* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%^S* 7* 4#&%* $&6#E* "0,'
'%&#0"'*F0&(*530?,)'*?,%*9d0"*"0,'*F6''%*9%*=&05.'*4,*30&'*',C%(*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9d#"#(#6(#$%
4%*5%*50,&(*3#'(0&#?,%E*9d%"C%,*4%*5%((%*(3.'%*)(6"(*C,'(%-%"(E*%"(&%*6,(&%'E*4%*-0"(&%&*%"
?,0#* 50"'#'(%* 96* "0,$%6,()* 4%* 96* &3)(0&#?,%* "0$6&#"#%""%* 46"'* 9d3#'(0#&%* 4%* 96* 9#(()&6(,&%
[6==0&('*&64#56,gE*',>(#9%'*$6&#6(#0"'E*&%50"4,5(#0"'*4d6"5#%""%'*(&64#(#0"'E*&6==0&(*=&%'?,%
596''#?,%* 6,* '65&)E* =6(6=3/'#?,%* =&#'%* 6,* ')&#%,g* 4,* &#&%* %(* 4%* 9d#-6]#"6#&%E* '6#"(%()* 4,
590~"E*=6"(#"#()E*'6,]&%",*]&6"4#0'%E*%(5S^S
86"'*$%&'%&*46"'*,"%*',>C%5(#$#()*4)>&#4)%*[5%*?,#*'%&6#(*9d)5,%#9*=0''#>9%*4d,"%*(3.'%
6g)%*',&*,"%*"0(#0"*6,''#*4#FF#5#9%*f*4)F#"#&*?,%*96*>%6,()E*F0&-%99%*0,*=6'Ê*"0(&%*)(,4%*'%
$0,4&6*6,''#*,"*=%,*4%*(/=%*%'(3)(#?,%S*8d6]#''6"(*5%*?,%*9d0"*"0--%*8SZS*=6&*%g%-=9%E
9d%"C%,*"%*'%&6*>#%"*'z&*=6'*4%*4#&%*%"*?,0#*9%*4&6-6(,&]%*'%*'%&6#(*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*#"'=#&)
4%*5%*]%"&%*=0=,96#&%*-6#'*>%9*%(*>#%"*4%*50"'(6(%&*?,%*',&*9%*=96"*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%E*4%
9d%'(3)(#?,%* %(* 4%* 9d#-6]%&#%E* #9* /* 6* 4d)$#4%"('* &6==&053%-%"('* f* F6#&%t* B%((%* 4)-6&53%
50-=6&6(#'(%E*=0,&&6*6,''#*50"5%&"%&*F&'/#$/E*=#.5%*?,#*4,*F6#(*?,d%99%*'d6==6&%"(%*%"*=6&(#%
f* 96* 4%'5%"(%* 6,g* %"F%&'* 4d,"* 30--%* '%,9* 46"'* 96* $#99%E* &%''%->9%* &3)(0&#?,%-%"(* %(
%'(3)(#?,%-%"(*f*,"*$)&#(6>9%*&0-6"*"0#&E*5%5#*46"'*9d655%=(#0"*(&.'*-04%&"%*4%*5%*(%&-%
[=6&* 96* (%&&#>9%* "0#&5%,&* ?,#* %'(* f* 9dr,$&%E* 0"* "d%'(* =6'* '#* 90#"* 4%* O6$#4* P004#'E* 4%* G#230-'0"* 0,* 4d7"4&)* J)9)"6^* c* =0,&* N9#/* "#$* +.=$7&O' :&* 7&?%/E* 5d%'(* =9,(s(* f* ,"* &0-6"
=09#5#%&*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*6FF6#&%E*,"*&0-6"*f*96*B36"49%&*6$%5*%"?,l(%*-)(6=3/'#?,%*=6&
&6==0&(*f*?,%9?,%*530'%*?,#*6*)()*=%&4,S*K"*F6#(*q*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*f*9d#-6]%*4%*9d6,(%,&
9,#H-l-%* [5FS* 5#&?,%E* 0=)&%((%E* 6&(* 4%* 96* -6&#0""%((%^* qE* "0,'* '0--%'* 50"$6#"5,'* ?,%
9%'*]%"&%'*%(*6&('*?,d0"*4#(*-#"%,&'*0"(*>%6,50,=*f*"0,'*6==0&(%&*%"*(%&-%*4d)596#&6]%'
&3)(0&#?,%'S
O6"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%* 4d#4)%E* '#* "0,'* "0,'* =%&-%((&0"'* 4%* 50"$0?,%&* 4%* (%-='* %"
(%-='*9%*3,#(#.-%*6&(E*5%*"%*'%&6*=6'*4,*(0,(*46"'*,"*>,(*#50"0596'(%*-6#'*6F#"*4%*-0"(&%&
?,%*96*F6"(6#'#%*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*50--%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'%(*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&
&%C0#"(*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*9%*(&6$6#9*4%*5%&(6#"'*5&)6(%,&'*50"(%-=0&6#"'*6/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"
=%(#(*=%,*=9,'*?,%*4,*'#-=9%*(69%"(*=0,&*=&04,#&%*f*96*536w"%*4%'*=%(#('*I#5n%/'*D*(%9*<%&%5
[]&6"4*64-#&6(%,&*4%*P0(9#>^*-6#'*6,''#*a,%"%6,*[)$0?,6"(*46"'*>+U8&*&7**+$&8*9%'*<#%4'
M#5n%9)'*4%*Z0&(0"Ê*I#53%9*8%&&%'*[(#"(#"0=3#9%*(&.'*6$%&(#^*0,*!->%&(0*K50*=&)F6b6"(*4%'
69>,-'*4%*8"00=/E*6FF#&-0"'*%"*%FF%(*?,%*96*>6"4%*4%''#")%*"d%'(*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*,"%
$6],%*=6&69#(()&6(,&%*f*(&6#(%&*=6&*9%*-)=&#'*-6#'*,"*6&(*f*=6&(*%"(#.&%*6/6"(*65?,#'*'%'*9%((&%'
4%*"0>9%''%S*:&%FE*'#*9d#"#(#6(#$%*[&%9%$6"(*%"50&%*,"%*F0#'*4d,"%*6==&053%*50-=6&6(#'(%^*?,#
50"'#'(%*f*)(6>9#&*4%'*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*%"(&%*96*4&6-6(,&]#%*"0$6&#"#%""%*%(*5%((%*"0,$%99%
F0&-%*4d%g=&%''#0"*'%&6*'6"'*40,(%*=%,*]0z()%*=6&*5%&(6#"'E*"0,'*9d6'',-%&0"'*")6"-0#"'
(0,(*f*F6#(*56&*#9*'d6]#&6*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*=0,&*"0,'*4%*-0"(&%&*0,*=0,&*-#%,g*4#&%*4d#99,'(&%&
=6&*5%*>#6#'*9%*(/=%*4%*&%]#'(&%E*'0,$%"(*4&s9%E*]&0(%'?,%E*'6,]&%",E*#"50"]&,*[$0#&%*)(&6"]%
%(*=6&F0#'*9)].&%-%"(*#"?,#)(6"(^*46"'*9%?,%9*M0$6&#"6*'%*'#(,%*&3)(0&#?,%-%"(S
@T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
Bd%'(* 6,''#* %"* 5%96E* 50--%* #9* F6,4&6* "0,'* %-=90/%&* f* 9%* 4)-0"(&%&E* ?,%* 50"'#'(%
96* "0,$%6,()* %(* 96* 4#$%&'#()* 4%* 96* =&0=0'#(#0"* &3)(0&#?,%* "0$6&#"#%""%* D* '#E* 6,* 50,&'* 4%
5%((%*(3.'%E*#9*"0,'*6&&#$%&6*4%*50-=6&%&*M0$6&#"6*[(0,(*%"*(p536"(*4d%g=9#?,%&*=0,&?,0#^
f* O6"(%E* f* N6>%96#'* 0,* f* 836n%'=%6&%E* "0,'* 50"'#4)&0"'* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* %'(* )]69%-%"(
(&.'*=&053%*4d6,(%,&'*4#('*4%*>0,9%$6&4*50--%*+6>#53%*%(*Z%/4%6,E*4%*5%&(6#"'*6&(#'(%'
=0=,96#&%'* 50"(%-=0&6#"'* [N6/-0"4* O%$0'* =6&* %g%-=9%Ê* 4d,"* 4%''#"6(%,&H3,-0&#'(%
50--%*N096"4*20=0&*0,*4%*5%&(6#"%'*F#],&%'E*4)Cf*?,6'#-%"(*9)]%"46#&%'E*4%*96*>6"4%H
4%''#")%*-04%&"%S*8#]"690"'*-l-%*=0,&*F#"#&*?,%*4d6,(&%'*F0&-%'*4d%g=&%''#0"E*-,'#569%'
%(\0,*5#")-6(0]&6=3#?,%'E*=0,&&0"(*6,''#*l(&%*50"$0?,)'*f*9d0556'#0"*f*(&6$%&'*9%'*"0-'*4%
2%g*7$%&/E*4d796#"*:6'3,"]E*4dJ%&-%(0*<6'5069E*4%*G%6"H+,5*P046&4*0,*4%*G#-#*J%"4&#gE
%g%-=9%'*=6&-#*4d6,(&%'S
K"F#"E*9f*0o*9d0"*5&0#&6*?,%*=%&5%*,"*=%,*(&0=*"0(&%*64-#&6(#0"*=0,&*9%*-6w(&%E*0"*'%
(&0-=%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*=6&F0#'*q*6,*-0#"'*46"'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-%',&%S*R9*'d6]#&6*',&(0,(*4%*-%((&%
%"*9,-#.&%*%(*f*9d30""%,&*96*4#-%"'#0"*50-#?,%*4%*5%((%*r,$&%*-6#'*6,''#*4d%''6/%&*4%*F6#&%
64-%((&%*6,g*'5%=(#?,%'*[6,g*j*40,(#F'*k*%z(*4#(*B)9#"%^*,"%*6==&053%*50-=9.(%-%"(*"%,$%
$0#&%* &)$09,(#0""6#&%E* 4%* 9d6&(* 4d)5&#&%S* Bd%'(* ?,%* (&6$6#99%&* ',&* ,"%* r,$&%* 6,''#* "0$6(&#5%
6,*9#%,*4%*'%*&6>6((&%*',&*,"*',C%(*&%>6((,*%(*',&(0,(*(&6$6#99%&*',&*,"*6,(%,&*$#$6"(*"%*$6
=6'* F0&5)-%"(* 4%* '0#* q* %(* =0,&(6"(E* 50--%* 0"* 9%* 50"'(6(%&6* f* 4%* "0->&%,'%'* &%=&#'%'E
"0'* -,9(#=9%'* 699,'#0"'* f* 96* (&64#(#0"* 9#(()&6#&%* 596''#?,%* 50"F.&%&0"(* f* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%* ,"%
=965%*5%"(&69%*f*9d#"()&#%,&*4%*"0(&%*(&6$6#9S*:&%FE*'#*"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*9%*=9,'*=0''#>9%*4d)$#(%&
96*90,&4%,&E*5d%'(*40"5*")6"-0#"'*6$%5*,"%*5%&(6#"%*#"'#'(6"5%*[%(*96*$090"()*6FF#&-)%*4%
>#%"*-%((&%*%"*)$#4%"5%*96*F6"(6'(#?,%*&#53%''%*&3)(0&#?,%*%(*9%'*%g(&60&4#"6#&%'*?,69#()'*4,
(%g(%^*?,%*"0,'*4)5&#&0"'E*50--%*6&-)*[56&*#9*'d6]#(*9f*4d,"*$)&#(6>9%*50->6(^*4d,"%*)"0&-%
90,=%*[$0#&%*4d,"*-#5&0'50=%*3/=%&H]&0''#''6"(Ê*9%'*=&0,%''%'*96"]6]#.&%'*4%*5%*N6>%96#'
-04%&"%S
;"*6,&6E*46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%E*50-=&#'*"0(&%*#"(%"(#0"*f*(&6$%&'*96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=6&6]&6=3%'
=&)5)4%"('* D* %''6/%&* 4%* 4)'6-0&5%&* 4d%->9)%* (0,(%'* 9%'* 5&#(#?,%'* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* "0,'
64&%''%&*[?,6"(*f*5%&(6#"%'*0=(#0"'*=&#'%'E*f*"0(&%*]0z(*=%&'0""%9*=0,&*,"*50-=6&6(#'-%
(0,(* 6u#-,(* f* 96* K4]6&* I0&#"* %(* =0,&* (0,'* 5%'* ]%"&%'* ?,%* 9d0"* 4#(* -#"%,&'Ê* 5%&(%'* "0"
'6"'*&6#'0"*,"#$%&'#(6#&%-%"(*=6&96"(S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*%(*C,'?,d6,*>0,(E*"0,'*6'',-%&0"'
9%*530#g*4#FF#5#9%*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*4#'5,(6>9%*4d,"%*)(,4%*'%*$0,96"(*=6"0&6-#?,%*q*-6#'*?,d0"
$%,#99%*>#%"*50"'#4)&%&*?,%*5d%'(*6,''#*,"%*'0&(%*4d#"'(#"5(*4%*53%&53%,&*?,#*"0,'*=0,''%
50"F,')-%"(*f*=&05)4%&*4%*96*'0&(%E*4%*-6"#.&%*%"*'0--%*,"*=%,*0&]6"#?,%E*%"*F6#'6"(
50"F#6"5%*f*"0'*#"(,#(#0"'E*f*"0(&%*&%96(#$%*'%"'#>#9#()*9#(()&6#&%E*%(5S
a,6"(*6,*563#%&*4%'*536&]%'*4%*5%((%*(3.'%E*"0,'*&%4#&0"'*[-l-%*'#*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%
-%((&%*96*>6&&%*(&0=*36,(^*"0(&%*4)'#&*4%*F6#&%*%"*'0&(%*?,%*9%*&%5,9*=6&F0#'*-69#5#%,g*-6#'
C6-6#'* 5/"#?,%* 4d,"* N6/-0"4* a,%"%6,E* '0"* 4)(653%-%"(* &%96(#F* %(* 96* F#"%''%* 4%* '0"
3,-0,&E*F6''%*,"*=%,*=6&(#%*4%*"0(&%*6&'%"69*&3)(0&#?,%*=%&'0""%9S*K"F#"E*#9*"%*F6,4&6*=6'
(&0=*"0,'*%"*$0,90#&*'#*=6&*-0-%"('*9%*',C%(*4)$#%*?,%9?,%*=%,*D*5%*'%&6*4z*6,*'/-=6(3#?,%
%"(30,'#6'-%*?,#*"0,'*6"#-%S*O%*-l-%E*#9*/*6,&6*4%'*-0-%"('*0o*"0,'*6&&#$%&0"'*=%,(H
l(&%*f*%"(&%&*46"'*96*90]#?,%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*5%*?,#*6,&6*=0,&*%FF%(*4%*"0,'*F6#&%*=&0=0'%&*4%'
4)$%90==%-%"('*F0&(*=%,*6564)-#?,%'*[',&(0,(*46"'*9%'*=6&(#%'*50"'65&)%'*f*96*"0,&&#(,&%E
6,*(%-='E*6,*j*$#6"46(*k*%(*6,*40,(%*&64#569^*D*5d%'(*9f*,"*=&0>9.-%*?,%*40#$%"(*'6"'*40,(%
&%"50"(&%&*9%'*)(,4#6"('*=96"536"(*',&*G6&&/E*O69#E*7&(6,4*%(*:%"C6-#"*<%&%(E*>&%F*(0,'*5%'
6,(%,&'* ?,#* '0"(* 699)'* (&.'* 90#"* 46"'* 9%,&* &%53%&53%* [5FS* =6(6=3/'#?,%E* =6&6"0{6H5&#(#?,%E
50&='*'6"'*0&]6"%'E*%(5S^S
B%=%"46"(E*"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*(0,(*4%*-l-%*4%*F6#&%*=&%,$%*4%*>0"*'%"'*%(*4dl(&%*=0')E
&6(#0""%9E*-#''#0"*4#FF#5#9%*'6"'*40,(%*56&*9%*"0$6&#"#%"*%'(*50--%*,"*6"#-69*'6,$6]%E*,"
@U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
F)9#"*#"'6#'#''6>9%*%(*"0,'*6,&#0"'*=,E*#9*%'(*$&6#E*530#'#&*=0,&*)$%"(,%9*(&0=3)%*4%*536''%
,"#$%&'#(6#&%* ,"%* =&0#%* 9#(()&6#&%* =9,'* F65#9%* q* -6#'E* 50--%* #9* %'(* 4#(* 46"'*D.:/7.E&* D* j* 73
?,%* 9%* 5r,&* >6(* -#%,g* f* =&0$0?,%&* 9%* 9#0"* ?,df* =0,&536''%&* 9%* 9#.$&%* k* [=S* XW@^S* 7#"'#
40"5E*"0,'*&%9%$0"'*96*]6]%,&%E*-l-%*'#E*50--%*0"*9d6*4#(E*#9*'%&6*(&.'*4#FF#5#9%*4d6==9#?,%&
9%'* ]&#99%'* 4%* 9%5(,&%* 36>#(,%99%'E* 96* ?,%'(#0"* )(6"(* %"* F6#(* 96* ',#$6"(%* D* F65%* f* 96* =6&09%
"0$6&#"#%""%E*=0,&&0"'H"0,'*$&6#-%"(*]6&4%&*"0(&%*')&#%,g*C,'?,d6,*>0,(*h*+6*&)=0"'%*%'(
"0"E*56&*5%*'%&6#(*,"*50"(&%'%"'S*K"*%FF%(E*%(*>#%"*?,%*5%(*6'=%5(*4%*'0"*(&6$6#9*"%*'0#(*=6'
(0,C0,&'*',FF#'6--%"(*'0,9#]")E*9d6,(%,&*)(,4#)*'d6==6&%"(%*f*"0(&%*6$#'*f*,"%*'0&(%*4%*590~"
-)(6=3/'#?,%*%(*-l-%E*50--%*0"*%''6#%&6*4%*9%*4)-0"(&%&E*f*,"*$)&#(6>9%*=0(653%*[46"'
96*9#]")%*4d79F&%4*G6&&/^*c*',]]%'(#0"*4%*56",96&*50-#50H-0&>#4%*9#)*f*9d#4)%*4%*50&4%E*)&.(S2
?.(&*=6&(#%99%-%"(*9,4#?,%'*f*=6&(#&*4%*=6(&0"/-%'*50"",'E*(6&(%'*f*96*5&.-%*'/->09#?,%'
96"5)%'*f*96*F65%*4%*5%&(6#"%'*#"'(#(,(#0"'*D*$0#9f*?,%9?,%'*6'=%5('*'#]"#F#56(#F'*4,*=0(653#'-%
['0,$%"(*F&0#4E*f*F&0#4E*$0#&%*'~#F(#%"*%(*=#"5%H'6"'*&#&%^*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
M)6"-0#"'E* "0(&%* )$056(#0"* =6&F0#'* 6-,')%* "d%-=l53%&6* =%,(Hl(&%* =6'* 9d,"#$%&'#()
4%*$69#4%&*5%((%*(3.'%*56&*'#*"0,'*"0,'*=%&-%((&0"'*[',&(0,(*46"'*,"%*,9(#-%*'0,'H=6&(#%
#"(#(,9)%*eP&6"4#0'%*%(*'6,]&%",e^*4%*F6#&%*=6&(E*(0,(*%"*(%"(6"(*4d%"*6"69/'%&*9%'*56,'%'E*4,
&#&%*?,#*"0,'*'6#'#(*'0,$%"(*4%$6"(*9d#"50"]&,#()*4%*96*=6&09%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*5%*'%&6*',&(0,(
=0,&*-%((&%*9d655%"(*',&*96*4#-%"'#0"*F0"46-%"(69%-%"(*50-#?,%*4d,"%*r,$&%*?,d0"*"%
'6,&6#(*5%=%"46"(*&)4,#&%*f*5%(*6'=%5(*')4,#'6"(*4%'*530'%'*q*56&*%99%*%'(*6,''#*F6#(%E*5%((%
r,$&%E*4d#"?,#)(,4%E*4d6"]0#''%E*4%*=%,&E*4%*>&,#(*%(*4%*F,&%,&S*!"%*(3.'%*',&*9%*50-#?,%
"0$6&#"#%"* [5FS* e+%* 50-#?,%* 53%u* M0$6&#"6e^* %z(* 5%&(%'* )()* =0''#>9%E* %"$#'6]%6>9%* -6#'E
4)5#4)-%"(E*5d%z(*)()*&)4,5(%,&S*B0"5&.(%-%"(E*F65%*f*5%*(/=%*4%*=#.5%'E*0"*=%,(*4d6#99%,&'
"%*=6'*&#&%*4,*(0,(*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*=6&5%*?,d0"*"d%'(*=6'*'%"'#>9%*6,*50-#?,%*[f*9d3,-0,&
"0#&E*6,*'6,]&%",*$0#&%*f*96*=0(653%&#%^*c*'#*0"*"%*&#(*=6'E*5d%'(*=6&5%*?,d0"*%'(*'%"'#>9%*f
(0,(*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*%"*-l-%*(%-='*?,%*9%*50-#?,%*D*-696#'%*4#FF,'E*0>'5,&#()*4d,"%*96"],%
?,6'#-%"(*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%E*$#09%"5%*4%*5%&(6#"'*%FF%('E*5&,6,()*6==6&%"(%*4%*5%&(6#"%'
'#(,6(#0"'E*-0"'(&,0'#()*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'E*"0"H50--,"#56(#0"*%"(&%*%,gE*%(5S
<&)5#'0"'* %"50&%* =9,'* 56$69#.&%-%"(* %(* '6"'* 6,5,"%* $090"()* 4%* 5&#(#?,%* $)&#(6>9%
?,%*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*F90,*6&(#'(#?,%*[=&0=0'*])")&6,gE*',>C%5(#$#()*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*4)>&#4)%E
4)$%90==%-%"('* =6&F6#(%-%"(* #-=&0,$6>9%'E* 6>'%"5%* 4%* &)F)&%"5%'* =&)5#'%'E* %(5S^* ?,%
=%,(* 40""%&* 96* 9%5(,&%E* 6,* 4%-%,&6"(* =6''#0""6"(%* [5%* '0"(* -l-%* '0,$%"(* 9%'* =9,'
#"()&%''6"('*%(*9%'*=9,'*0&#]#"6,gÊ*4%*5%&(6#"'*6&(#59%'*f*9d6,(%,&*50"'65&)'*"%*56&65()&#'%&6
=6'*$&6#-%"(*"0(&%*)(,4%*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*46"'*96?,%99%*"0,'*(653%&0"'*6,*50"(&6#&%E*#"'#'(0"'H
/E*4%*"0,'*-,"#&*4d,"%*90,=%*%(*4%*5099%&*6,*(%g(%*9%*=9,'*=0''#>9%S*P&6"4%*(0,(%F0#'*'%&6
96*(%"(6(#0"*4d%g(&6=09%&*[$0#&%*4d%g(&6$6],%&^*4%*(%-='*%"*(%-='*%(*"0,'*/*',550->%&0"'
40"5* =%,(Hl(&%* f* "0(&%* (0,&E* 5d%'(* f* 4#&%* 50--%* "d#-=0&(%* ?,%9* 6,(&%* 9%5(%,&* '0--)E
50--%*4#&6#(*9d6,(%,&E*4%*536"(%&*'6*536"'0"*%(*4%*=&04,#&%*4,*'%"'*%"*'%*&655&0536"(*6,g
>&6"53%'S*B%((%*(%"(6(#0"E*50"5%&"%&6*"0(6--%"(*4%'*=6&(#%'*50--%*e+%'*-#&659%'*4%*96
',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"eE*ea,#4*4,*$#4%*he*$0#&%*[$8'E$8&^*e!"*>9,%'-6"*-)(6=3/'#?,%e*%(
',&(0,(*e+6*&)$%&'#>#9#()eE*=6&(#%*0o*"0,'*=&%"4&0"'*4%'*&#'?,%'*%"*"0,'*=&0"0"b6"(*',&*5%
?,#*6*>#%"*=,*=&)'#4%&*f*9d)5&#(,&%*4d,"%*=#.5%*50--%*F&'/#$/*[9%*4)'#&*?,%*'%*4)"0,%*,"%
50&4%E*'%->9%H(H#9^S*!"*=%,*46"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*5%&(6#"%'*'0,'H=6&(#%'*[',&*9%*$#4%E
9d6&(*>&,(*0,*96*F0&l(^*=6&6w(&0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*(3)0&#?,%'*?,%*&3)(0&#?,%'*c*5d%'(*?,d#9*'d/*6]#&6
C,'(%-%"(E*%"(&%*6,(&%'E*4%*'d#"(%&&0]%&E*(3)0&#?,%-%"(*40"5E*',&*9%'*&6#'0"'*4,*530#g*4%
(%9*0,*(%9*(/=%*4%*&3)(0&#?,%*,(#9#')%E*',&*9%'*'0,>6''%-%"('*4%*9dr,$&%E*'%'*(%"6"('*%(*'%'
6>0,(#''6"('S
B%96*)(6"(*4#(E*=0,&*0&]6"#'%&*%(*',&(0,(*&),''#&*,"*'6F6&#*&3)(0&#?,%*4%*5%((%*%'=.5%*q
5%5#*=0,&*50"(#",%&*f*F#9%&*96*-)(6=30&%*4%*96*536''%*qE*#9*"0,'*F6,4&6#(*=&)5#'%&*f*=&)'%"(
@L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
9%'*4#FF)&%"(%'*=#'(%'*?,#*'d0FF&%"(*f*"0,'E*=&05)4%&*6$%5*=&,4%"5%*%(*-)(304%*%(*4#&%*%"F#"
%"* ?,0#* 50"'#'(%"(* 9%'* ]&6"4%'* 9#]"%'* 4,* =96"* =0,&* 9%?,%9* "0,'* 6$0"'* 0=()* 6=&.'* -#99%
(p(0""%-%"('t
20,(* 4d6>0&4E* #9* 50"$#%"(* 4dl(&%* =&6]-6(#?,%* %(* 4%* '6$0#&* &6#'0"* ]6&4%&* 56&* -l-%* '#
'0"(*0>C%5(#$%-%"(*=0''#>9%'*[50--%*%"*()-0#]"%&6*96*F#"*4%*"0(&%*4%,g#.-%*=6&(#%^*4%'
50&&%'=0"46"5%'*6$%5*9d,"#$%&'*4%*96*'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"E*0"*"%*'6,&6#(*#5#*=6&9%&*4%*7.=#:.')./.
"#*F6#&%*4%*5%((%*r,$&%*,"*0$"#*6>'09,*46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*D*5%*'%&6#(*50"'#4)&%&
M0$6&#"6*50--%*,"*6,(%,&*6"0&-69%-%"(*f*=6&(*40"(*#9*F6,4&6#(*&6"]%&*9%'*9#$&%'*46"'*,"%
>#>9#0(3.?,%*'=)5#69%*%(*=&)$,%*f*5%(*%FF%(E*,"*=%,*f*9d#-6]%*4%*96*"#53%*-,&69%*?,%*O0#'"%9
4)50&%*=0,&*640&%&*:69u65S*7,*F0"4E*'d#9*6*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*4%*'0,FF9%*?,%*4%'*6,(%,&'*(%9'
?,%* 26&4#%,* %(* O,>#996&4* [$0#&%* B6-#* %(* N6/-0"4* O%$0'Ê* M0$6&#"6* %'(H#9* $&6#-%"(* =9,'
#""0$6"(*h*K(*%'(H5%*96*?,%'(#0"*h*B%&(6#"%'*F#],&%'*4%*'(/9%*'%->9%"(*-l-%*,(#9#')%'*=6&
9,#*4%*-6"#.&%*(0,(*f*F6#(*596''#?,%S*7#"'#E*9%*=&0$%&>%*(&6"'F0&-)*['0"]%0"'*f*B)9#"%*%(*f
a,%"%6,^*%'(*=&%'?,%*,"*=6''6]%*0>9#])*=0,&*,"*4/"6-#(%,&*4%*96"],%*4%*'0"*"#$%6,*%(
5d%'(*40"5*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*?,d#9*'d/*%''6#%&6E*5%5#*46"'*9%*'#996]%*4%*'%'*#99,'(&%'*6w")'S
B%'* F#],&%'* #-=0')%'E* #9* "0,'* F6,4&6* 9%'* )(,4#%&* '6"'* 53%&53%&* -#4#* f* ?,6(0&u%* 3%,&%'
[50--%*4#(*9d%g=&%''#0"^*%(*"0,'*"0,'*/*6((653%&0"'*40"5*46"'*,"%*=&%-#.&%*=6&(#%*(0,(*%"
(p536"(*[=&0C%(*F0,^*4%*-0"(&%&*9d,"#()*&3)(0&#?,%*4%*9dr,$&%*(0,(*%"(#.&%E*5%*4%&"#%&*(&6$6#9
50"5%&"6"(*6,''#*9%'*4%,g*6,(&%'*=6&(#%'S
K"*&)',-6"(*(&.'*]&0''#.&%-%"(E*"0,'*=&0=0'%&0"'*40"5*9%*=96"*',#$6"(*D
ƒ
<&%-#.&%*=6&(#%*D*R"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%*%(*-,'#569#()*D*-0(E*F#],&%'E*=3&6'%*%(*&/(3-%S
ƒ
O%,g#.-%*=6&(#%*D*79%&(%*46"'*9%'*u0"%'*4%*:&056*D*9%*56&"6$69*4%*96*=6&09%S
ƒ
2&0#'#.-%*=6&(#%*D*P&6"4#0'%*%(*'6,]&%",*D*9%*50-#?,%*"0$6&#"#%"SS
2p530"'*f*=&)'%"(*4%*4)(6#99%&*9%*=96"*%"*?,%'(#0"t*M0(&%*=&%-#.&%*=6&(#%*'%*=&0=0'%&6
40"5* 4%* &%5%"'%&* '/'()-6(#?,%-%"(* 9%'* F#],&%'* 4%* '(/9%* 9%'* =9,'* &)5,&&%"(%'* [=&0$%&>%
&%(&6$6#99)*-6#'*6,''#*-0(H$69#'%E*6=050=%E*699#()&6(#0"'E*=)&#=3&6'%'E*u%,]-%'E*(6,(090]#%'E
%g=&%''#0"'* 6&]0(#?,%'E* %g=&%''#0"'* -)96"])%'* =0,&* "d%"* F6#&%* ?,d,"%E* =6&640g%'E
0g/-0&%'E* %(5S^* (0,(* %"* #"'#'(6"(E* =0#"(* =9,'* ?,d#-=0&(6"(E* ',&* 9%* 56&65(.&%* -,'#569* 4%
9d#'09%5(%*"0$6&#"#%"*[0"*=0,&&6*-l-%*f*9d0556'#0"*)$0?,%&*9%*50"5%=(E*(&6$6#99)*=6&*N096"4
:6&(3%'E* 4d#4#0&/(3-#%* $0#&%* 96* -,'#?,%* C6uu* %(* 9%* '~#"]^* D* #9* 'd6]#&6* 4%* &%=)&%&* 5%&(6#"'
-)56"#'-%'E*5%&(6#"'*#"$6&#6"('*%(*4%*4#&%*=6&*0o*%(*50--%"(*=6''%*96*=6&09%E*=6&*?,%9'
(,/6,g*[=0,&*,'%&*4d,"*$056>9%*53%&*f*9d6,(%,&^S
:&%FE*"0,'*(%"(%&0"'*4%*4)5&#&%*4%*96*F6b0"*96*=9,'*",6"5)%*=0''#>9%*[%(*%"*4#'6"(*%"
?,0#*50"'#'(%"(*9%'*)$%"(,%9'*)56&('*%(*6,(&%'*$6&#6"(%'*%(*$6&#6(#0"'^*9d6&'%"69*&3)(0&#?,%
"0$6&#"#%"* %(* 4d#99,'(&%&* 9d#4)%* ?,%* "0(&%* 4&6-6(,&]%H4)-#,&]%* 'd#"'5&#(* %"* F6#(* 46"'* ,"%
5%&(6#"%*(&64#(#0"*F&6"b6#'%*4d#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%*%(*4%*-,'#569#()*?,d0"*=%,(*F6#&%*&%-0"(%&
f*Z&6"b0#'*N6>%96#'*%(*f*B9)-%"(*I6&0(*D*'d#9*/*6*&,=(,&%E*#9*/*6*6,''#*',>(#9%*&%50"4,5(#0"
4%* (&64#(#0"'* =6&F0#'* (&.'* 6"5#%""%'* [F6&5%E* -/'(.&%E* 50"(%E* 50-=(#"%E* 0&6#'0"E* 536&64%E
F6(&6'#%E*'%g(#"%E*>96'0"E*)=#]&6--%E*%(5SÊ*5%*?,#*"d%-=l53%*=6'*M0$6&#"6*4dl(&%*6,*50%,&
4%*96*-04%&"#()S*<&053%*4%*B3&#'(#6"*<&#]%"(*%(*4%*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"*[6$%5*9%'?,%9'
#9* (&6$6#996* 46"'* 9%* 564&%* 4%* 96* &%$,%* 2SiS2SÊ* #9* 6""0"5%* %(* 6550-=6]"%* f* '6* F6b0"* 4%'
-0,$%-%"('* 4%* F0"4* 50--%* 9%* ]&6"4* &%(0,&* 4%* 9d0&69#()* %"* =0)'#%* ['96-E* =%&F0&-6"5%E
=0)'#%*'0"0&%E*=&0=0'#(#0"'*4d;9#$#%&*B64#0(E*4%*B390)*O%936,-%E*4%*G%6"H+,5*<6&6"(E*4%
<#%&&%*P,/0(6(E%(5S^S*+d#-=0&(6"5%*?,d#9*6550&4%*6,*'0,FF9%*%(*6,*&/(3-%*9%*&%"4*(&.'*=&053%*4%
B96,4%9*%(*4%*B)9#"%*-6#'*'6*j*90]04/"6-#?,%*k*[5%((%*j*-#'%*%"*-0,$%-%"(*4,*96"]6]%*k
40"(*#9*%'(*9d#"$%"(%,&^*"0,'*%"(&6w"%*6#99%,&'S*K9.$%*4%*O,>,FF%(E*#9*&%''%->9%*f*G6&&/*=6&
'0"*3,-0,&*4)$6'(6(%,&*[?,#*F6#(*4%*9,#*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=0(653%*=6(6=3/'#?,%^*%(*96*F6"(6#'#%
@V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4)>&#4)%*4%*9d,"#$%&'*?,d#9*5&)%*=0,&&6#(*%"50&%*9d6==6&%"(%&*f*+%~#'*B6&&099S*M0"0>'(6"(E*=6&
4%9f*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*%(*F#9#6(#0"'E*9d%"C%,*4%*5%((%*)(,4%*%'(*6,''#*4%*&%=965%&*9dr,$&%*46"'
9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*%(*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*96*=&0=0'#(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*>&#99%*4)5#4)-%"(
4d,"*)596(*'#"],9#%&S*2&6$%&')*=6&*96*=6&09%*50--%*,"*=0.(%*#"'=#&)*[=&%'?,%*e&0-6"(#?,%e
4d,"*5%&(6#"*=0#"(*4%*$,%^*-6#'*=&05)46"(*6$%5*&#],%,&*'6"'*=0,&*6,(6"(*'%*&)596-%&*4%
9d;,9#=0E* M0$6&#"6* 4)9#-#(%* ,"* (%&&6#"* F6#(* 4d0>'%''#0"'* %(* 4%* (3.-%'* F0&('* [0&#]#"%E* -0&(E
O#%,E*%(5S^S*B%96*4#(E*#9*/*6*=6&F0#'*4%'*'0&(%'*4%*50"(&6#"(%'E*-6#'*-69]&)*(0,(E*5%*"%*'0"(*=6'
(0,(*f*F6#(*4%'*50"(&6#"(%'*[5%*'0"(*=9,(s(*4%'*=#'(%'E*4%'*"#$%6,gE*4%'*>#F,&56(#0"'^*D*(0,(*%'(
>%6,50,=*=9,'*0&]6"#?,%E*9d6,(%,&*=&05)46"(*=6&F0#'*50--%*7&(6,4*0,*50--%*,"*6&(#'(%
4d6&(*>&,(*q*f*'6*F6b0"E*5d%'(*,"*j*F0,*9#(()&6#&%*k*[%(*"0,'*4#&0"'*%"*?,0#^S
O6"'* 5%((%* =6&(#%* =%,(Hl(&%* =9,'* e&3)(0&#?,%e* ?,%* 9%'* 4%,g* 6,(&%'E* "0,'* %''6#%&0"'
',&(0,(*q*4d6,(6"(*=9,'*?,d#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*96*?,%'(#0"*%'(*F#"69%-%"(*6''%u*=%,*6>0&4)%
[6,*-0#"'*46"'*9%'*)(,4%'*5&#(#?,%'*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*9,%'*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(^*q*4%*-0"(&%&*?,%
'd#9*%'(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*56=6>9%*4%*F6#&%*=6''%&*96*=6&09%*[f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*(,/6,E*=&6(#?,6"(*9%
$#4%E*%(5SÊ*M0$6&#"6*F6#(*6,''#*[',&(0,(*h^*=6''%&*9%*F&6"b6#'E*5%((%*j*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*k*[50--%
#9*'%->9%*9d6==%9%&Ê*5%((%*96"],%*?,d#9*6#-%*(6"(*-6#'*?,d#9*-69-."%*(&.'*'0,$%"(*[5%5#*46"'
,"* &6==0&(* =6''#0"")E* =0''#>9%-%"(* F6#(* 4d6-0,&* %(* 4%* 36#"%Ê* ?,d#9* •96$%H'69#(€* $090"(#%&'
[,"*$%&>%*50-=0')*?,d#9*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*6$0#&*#"$%"()^*%(*6$%5*96?,%99%*#9*40""%*=6&F0#'
9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*'%*50"F&0"(%&*$#09%--%"(*50--%*%"*,"*50->6(*f*-6#"'*",%'E*,"%*F)&05%
9,((%* f* -0&(* [9%* $6#"?,%,&* )(6"(* 6,* F#"69* ,"%* <6&09%* &%(&0,$)%E* '(#-,96"(%E* (0"#?,%* %(
&6>%96#'#%""%^S*K"*'0--%E*"0,'*(653%&0"'*40"5*4%*4#&%*46"'*?,%99%*-%',&%*#9*/*6*=6''6]%
[0,*=6'^*4,*F&6"b6#'*q*(&6$6#9*?,#*'%&6*&%50"4,#(*=%,*0,*=&0,*46"'*(0,(*9%*&%'(%*4%*"0(&%*(3.'%S
O6"'*96*4%,g#.-%*=6&(#%*[-6"53%*4,*-6(53*hÊ*"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*4%*-0"(&%&*%"*?,0#
5%&(6#"%'* F#],&%'* "0$6&#"#%""%'* =&)'%"(%"(* ,"%* $)&#(6>9%* 0&#]#"69#()* %(* "0,'* (&6?,%&0"'
6,''#E*5%*?,#*'%&6*=9,'*4#FF#5#9%*[56&*#9'*'0"(*-0#"'*F65#9%-%"(*&%=)&6>9%'Ê*5%*?,%*9d0"*=0,&&6#(
6==%9%&*9%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*#"$%"()'*=6&*9d6,(%,&S*B%'*4#'=0'#(#F'E*"0,'*9%'*-%((&0"'*"0(6--%"(E
46"'*,"*'0,5#*4%*=%&'=%5(#$%['Ê*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*9%'*6&('*4,*5#&?,%E*96*-6]#%E*9%*-,'#5*3699E
96*Fl(%*F0&6#"%*%(*9%*'=0&(*q*$0#&%*[-6#'*5%96*'d%FF%5(,%&6*=9,(s(*6,*"#$%6,*4%*"0(&%*(&0#'#.-%
=6&(#%^*6$%5*9%*(3)p(&%*C6=0"6#'*%(*9%*'=%5(659%*4%*-6&#0""%((%'S
O6"'* 5%((%* 4%,g#.-%* =6&(#%E* ?,#* '%&6* %"* ?,%9?,%* '0&(%* =965)%* '0,'* 9%* =6(&0"6]%
4%* e86#"(* Z&6"b0#'* N6>%96#'e* [%(* 4%* :6n3(#"%Ê* 96* &3)(0&#?,%* 56&"6$69%'?,%* [&6==0&(* 6,
-6'?,%E* %'(3)(#?,%* 4,* 4)F#9)E* ]#]6"(#'-%* 4%'* F#],&%'E* -0"'(&,0'#()* 50-#?,%E* %FF%('* 4%
4#'=&0=0&(#0"E*-#'%*4,*36,(*%"*>6'E*%(5S^*'%&6*0-"#=&)'%"(%*%(*96*"0,&&#(,&%E*,"*(3.-%*53%&
6,*=.&%*4%*P6&]6"(,6E*6>0&4)%*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*&%96(#0"'*?,d%99%*%"(&%(#%"(
6$%5* 9%* 96"]6]%* q* $(&?* =0,&* 96* '%g,69#()S* M0,'* )-%((&0"'* 6,''#* 9d#4)%* ?,%* 9%* '%,9* $&6#
=%&'0""6]%*4%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*%'(*6,*F0"4*96*=6&09%*%99%H-l-%S*<9,'*50"5&.(%-%"(E
"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*4%*4#&%*%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*5%((%*&3)(0&#?,%*'#*=6&(#5,9#.&%*0o*#9*'%->9%*'d6]#&
=0,&*9d6,(%,&*4%*-%((&%*%"*'5."%*96*96"],%*%(*9%'*-0('E*96*=6''#0"*=%&F0&-6(#$%*6996"(*#5#
'#*90#"*?,d,"%*-6"4,56(#0"*=6&6w(*=0''#>9%E*,"*=%,*50--%*46"'*96*9#(,&]#%*53&)(#%""%*0o
=6&09%*%(*=6#"*'0"(*(%&-%'*'/"0"/-%'S*20,53%&*9d#"(0,536>9%E*$0#&*9d#"$#'#>9%*%(*'d0==0'%&*f
‚#((]%"'(%#"*6FF#&-6"(*j*B%*40"(*0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*=6&9%&E*#9*F6,(*9%*(6#&%*k*46"'*'0"*L).*7.7#/*D
%"*5%96*50"'#'(%*9%*=&0C%(*"0$6&#"#%"S*Bd%'(*40"5*,"%*&3)(0&#?,%*(&.'*4#FF#5#9%*f*6"69/'%&*?,#
'%*-%(*%"*=965%*c*46"'*5%*(3)p(&%*)(&6"]%*0o*4)'#&*%(*F6#-*$0"(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*4%*=6#&E*0o*9d0"
'%*-)F#%*,"*=%,*4%'*-0('*4%*96*5#()E*0o*9d0"*'%*-0?,%*$090"(#%&'*4%'*'90]6"'*%(*4%'*4#'50,&'
5&%,gE*,"*&%(0,&*'69,(6#&%*f*96*=6&09%*%'(*%"*%FF%(*=&)50"#')*c*-#'%*%"*9,-#.&%E*5%((%*=6&09%
%'(*5%99%E*0&#]#"%99%*%(*F0"46(&#5%E*?,#*(&6"'=%&5%*["0"*'6"'*$#09%"5%^*9%*50&='*4%*9d65(%,&*q
',&*'5."%*'%*&%C0,%*9%*-#&659%*4%*96*=6&09%*D*746-*'%*&%4&%''%*%(*'%*-%(*f*=6&9%&E*'6#'#*=6&
%"*4%''0,'*=6&*9%*j*,(*k*#"#(#69*%(*'d)(0""6"(*4%*(0,(*5%*?,d#9*$0#(*%(*4%*(0,(*5%*?,d#9*4#(t
1A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
Od,"%*F6b0"*=9,'*])")&69%E*%(*-l-%*'#*%99%*&6==%99%*40"5*=6&*5%&(6#"'*5s()'*9d)5&#(,&%
4d,"*N6>%96#'*[")090]#%*F0#'0""6"(%E*)",-)&6(#0"'*(0&&%"(#%99%'E*3,-0,&*9#)*6,*50&='E*&#&%
)"0&-%E* 50-#?,%* F6&5%'?,%E* 0-"#=&)'%"5%* 4%* 96* -0&(* %(* 4%* 9d%"(&0=#%E* '0,FF9%* )=#?,%* %(
4&s9%E*6==&053%*56&"6$69%'?,%*46"'*9d655%=(#0"*?,%*:6n3(#"%*40""%*f*5%*(%&-%E*%(5S^*$0#&%
4,* 4%&"#%&* G0/5%* 0,* 4%* P,/0(6(* [0,* -l-%* 4,* B)9#"%* 4%* V#$089:5/' <.8(* %(* 4%* DI&)$&
%9#)' #8&' .#7)&' E9$/Ê* "0,'* (p53%&0"'* 4%* =&0,$%&* ?,%E* =6&* '0"* 56&65(.&%* 5360(#?,%* %(* 96
&64#569#()* 4%* '0"* 3%&-)(#'-%E* 96* &3)(0&#?,%* "0$6&#"#%""%* 50"'(#(,%* ,"%* &,=(,&%* 4%* F0"4
46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%E*4d0o*9%*(#(&%*5%&(%'*,"*=%,*#50"0596'(%*[-6#'*f*9d#-6]%*%"
5%96* 4%* 9dr,$&%* )(,4#)%^* 4%* "0(&%* ,9(#-%* '0,'H=6&(#%* ?,#E* '0,'* 4%'* 4%30&'* F6"(6#'#'(%'E
'%* $%,(* (0,(* 6,''#* ,"#$%&'#(6#&%* ?,%* 9%'* =&)5)4%"(%'* D* 5%((%* =&0'%* #"'09#(%* %(* 4)&0,(6"(%
'd6==6&%"(%*4%*F6#(*f*,"*$)&#(6>9%*0$"#*%(*5d%'(*,"%*-)(6=30&%*f*=&%"4&%*6,*')&#%,g*(6"(*#9
%'(*$&6#*?,d%g#'(%"(*0>C%5(#$%-%"(*4%'*'#-#9#(,4%'*%"(&%*9%*j*!&9,-0"4%*k*%(*,"%*5%&(6#"%
'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"* [-653#"%'* >#u6&&%'E* #"$%"(#0"'* F6&F%9,%'E* #"?,#)(6"(%'* =&0=3)(#%'E* F#],&%'
-0"'(&,%,'%'*&%9%$6"(*4%*9d%g(&6(%&&%'(&%E*%FF%('*4%*4)=6/'%-%"(*6>'09,E*%(5S^S
O6"'*96*(&0#'#.-%*%(*4%&"#.&%*]&6"4%*=6&(#%E*"0,'*"0,'*=%"53%&0"'*=9,'*6((%"(#$%-%"(
',&*96*F0&-#46>9%* =,#''6"5%*50-#?,%*4,* (%g(%* [=6&04#%'* 4%* 4#'50,&'E* 6>',&4#()'E* 5&#(#?,%
'05#69%E*%(5SÊ*96*5&#(#?,%*4%'*-)4#6'*%(*4%'*#"'(#(,(#0"'E*9d)$#4%"(%*F#9#6(#0"*6$%5*836n%'=%6&%
[$0#&%* ;$#4%* %(* ;FF%">653Ê* 96* -6"#.&%* #"'09%"(%* 4%* &%$#'#(%&* 9d3#'(0#&%* 4%* 96* =3#90'0=3#%E
9%* &6==0&(* f* 9dl(&%* %(* 6,* "0"Hl(&%* %(* 9%'* #""0->&6>9%'* %-=&,"('* 6,* *9)%#/* >#>9#?,%* [f
50--%"5%&* =6&* 96* V&8G/&^* %(* 9%'* $6&#6(#0"'* ?,#* '%&0"(* =&0=0')%'* D* 5&,5#F#g#0"* 50-#?,%E
=&#.&%'*4)(0,&")%'E*%(5S*;"*$%&&6*?,%*'#*9%*&#&%*%'(*9fE*9%*5s()*=6&04#?,%*"d%'(*'0,$%"(*?,d,"%
6==6&%"5%*[#5#E*"0,'*#&0"'*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*?,#*6*)(,4#)*5%'*?,%'(#0"'^S
a,6"(* f* 96* "0(#0"E* #"'=#&)%* 4d,"%* &)F9%g#0"* 4%* G%6"* O,>,FF%(* q* j* 86"'* '6,]&%",* 0,* %'(
X
9%* ]&6"4#0'%* h* k * qE* 4%* ]&6"4#0'%* 4,* '6,]&%",E* %99%* "0,'* '%->9%* =0,$0#&* 'd6==9#?,%&* f
5%&(6#"%'* F#],&%'* [4%* '(/9%* 0,* 4%* 5#&?,%* h^* ,(#9#')%'* =6&* 9d6,(%,&* [5FS* j* 6,(&,#* 9%* 50&='* kE
C%,g* 6$%5* 9%* 5&p"%E* %(5S^* D* ]&6"4#0'%* %(* '6,]&%",E* &#&%* %(* '65&)E* 30&&%,&* %(* 3,-0,&* D
"0,'* (p53%&0"'* 4%* -0"(&%&* ?,%E* 53%u* M0$6&#"6E* #9* "d%g#'(%* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 4%* 56()]0&#%'
6"(6]0"#'(%'E*#"50-=6(#>9%'*q*-6#'*?,%*5d)(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*56'*6$6"(E*9d6,(%,&*'%*50"(%"(6"(
=&%'?,%E*f*(&6$%&'*'0"*r,$&%E*4%*"0,'*F6#&%*50"'(6(%&*5%((%*=0&0'#()S
7* =6&(#&* 4%* 50"5%=(#0"'* "0"* F0&5)-%"(* %,&0=)%""%'* [(60{'-%E* %(5S^* %(* %"* )$0?,6"(
',&(0,(* 9d6,465#%,g* &6==&053%-%"(* 0=)&)* %"(&%* ZI8[/&* %(* 4%* j* =6"(#"#()* k* [F0&-%
&%96(#$%-%"(*"0,$%99%*4%*(3)090]#%*")]6(#$%Ê*"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*)]69%-%"(*4%*4)F#"#&*9%*'(6(,(
0=)&6(0#&%*4,*$#4%*46"'*5%*(3)p(&%*4d0->&%'*50-=6&6>9%*6,*8[S*<,#'E*%"*-%((6"(*%"*6$6"(
96*-)(6=30&%*4%*96*50&4%*[-6#'*6,''#*5%99%'*4,*>9,%'*%(*4,*&0-6"*"0#&*%(\0,*=09#5#%&Ê*"0,'
#"'#'(%&0"'* ',&* 96* (%&&#>9%* "0#&5%,&* 4%* 5%* ?,d#9* '%->9%* /* 6$0#&* =6&F0#'* 4%* 9d6,(&%* 5s()* 4%'
=3&6'%'S
8#*,"*4)'%'=0#&*=0#]"6"(*[-6#'*50-#?,%^*'d%g=&#-%*=6&*-0-%"('*[96*(%"(6(#0"*4,*',#5#4%
"d)(6"(*C6-6#'*90#"Ê*9%*-%''6]%*])")&69*['d#9*/*%"*6*,"^*"0,'*=6&6w(*-69]&)*(0,(*=0'#(#FE*,"%
F0&-%*4%*C0#%*-/'(#?,%*)(6"(*'0,$%"(*=&)50"#')%S*K"F#"E*%(*?,#((%*f*"0,'*50"(&%4#&%*,"*=%,E
,"%*)(,4%*=,&%-%"(*&3)(0&#?,%*"%*$6,(*?,%*'#*%99%*4)>0,53%*',&*6,(&%*530'%E*',&*96*?,%'(#0"
4,*'%"'*])")&69*4%*9dr,$&%*=6&*%g%-=9%*c*5%((%*)=#"%,'%*?,%'(#0"E*"0,'*"0,'*96*=0'%&0"'
"0(6--%"(*46"'*,"%*,9(#-%*'0,'H=6&(#%E*%(*"%*'%&0"'*=6'*4%*5%,g*?,#*4#''05#%"(*F0&-%*%(
F0"4S
K"*'0--%*%(*=0,&*(p53%&*4dl(&%*%"50&%*=9,'*596#&E*4#'0"'*?,%*5%((%*(3.'%*%"*(&0#'*=6&(#%'
'%*=&0=0'%*4d6((%#"4&%*9%'*0>C%5(#F'*',#$6"('*D
X
**G%6"*O,>,FF%(E*45+9??&'(#'*9??#8'\':59#;).0&E*P699#-6&4E*B099%5(#0"*j*Z09#0\K''6#'*kE*@VV@E*=S*Q@XS
1@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-0"(&%&* 96* F6"(6'(#?,%* &#53%''%* &3)(0&#?,%* 4,* (3)p(&%* "0$6&#"#%"* [F#],&%'* 4%* '(/9%E
4#'=0'#(#F'E*#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%E*#-=0&(6"5%*4%*96*-,'#569#()E*%(5S^S
>&6?,%&* 9%'* =&0C%5(%,&'* ',&* '6* 4#-%"'#0"* 50-#?,%* [3,-0,&* "0#&E* =6&04#%E* '6,]&%",
]&6"4#0'%E* ]&0(%'?,%E* 6>',&4%E* =6&%"()* 6$%5* 96* =6(6=3/'#?,%E* %FF%('* =6"#?,%'E* %(5S^* %(
',&(0,(*F6#&%*&%''%"(#&*[=6&*9%*(0"*530#'#^*%(*)=&0,$%&*[=9,(s(*?,%*=&0,$%&^*%"*?,0#*#9*/*6*4&s9%&#%S
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
4#&%*%"*?,0#*"0,'*'0--%'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*$)&#(6>9%*r,$&%H-0"4%E*6>0&46"(*(0,'
9%'*]&6"4'*(3.-%'*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*%(*"d3)'#(6"(*=6'*f*?,#((%&*9d0&>%*9#(()&6#&%*=0,&*C0,%&
',&*4d6,(&%'*(6>9%6,g*[=09#(#?,%'E*(3)090]#?,%'E*=3#90'0=3#?,%'E*%(5S^S
4#&%*9%'*F#9#6(#0"'*6F#"*4%*&%96(#$#'%&*9d0$"#()*4,*"0$6&#"#%"S
699%&*',&*4%'*=#'(%'*=%,*%g=90&)%'*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(*D*>%'(#6#&%E*F6,g*(&,#'-%'*[0,
=9,(s(*e(&,#'-%'*f*&%96(#$#'%&eÊ*',&%"53.&%*699#()&6(#$%E*&%40,>9%-%"('*#"50"]&,'
[%(*6,(&%'*j*-l-%'*-l-%&#%'*kÊ*-0('H$69#'%*f*(%"46"5%*0g/-0&#?,%E*4)5&%('
3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*6&>#(&6#&%'E*6536&"%-%"(*96"]6]#%&*6,(0,&*4%*$056>9%'*(%9'
?,%*j*=6"(690"*kE*j*3,-6#"*kE*j*0&%#99%*k*%(*j*$056>,96#&%*kE*#-=0&(6"5%*4%*96
',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*$,%*50--%*,"%*-0469#()*F0&-%99%*4%*96*&)$%&'#>#9#()E
=6&%"()*)(6>9#%*%"(&%*")090]#%*%(*])090]#%*[9%'*]9#''%-%"('*-)(0"/-#?,%'
'd6==6&%"(6"(*#5#*f*4%'*]9#''%-%"('*4%*(%&&6#"Ê*=%&'#'(6"5%*4,*j*$#6"46(*k*[=6&
0==0'#(#0"*6,*j*-656>#6(*kÊ*$090"()*4%*j*4)30--6]%*kE*F#],&%*3#96&6"(%*4d,"*56"5&%
4)-/'(#F#56(%,&E*0-"#=&)'%"5%*5&/=()%*4%*<#"0553#0E*4dJ6-9%(*%(*4d;&=3)%E*(3.-%'
4,*&#'?,%*%(*4%*9d)53%5E*4,*590"6]%*%(*4,*56""#>69#'-%E*4,*'%,#9*%(*4,*=6''6]%E*4,
5&p"%*%(*4%*96*50&4%E*4,*50&='*=%&b,*50--%*)(&6"]%&*f*'0#E*%(5S
4#&%*%"*?,0#*5%((%*r,$&%*'d#"'5&#(*46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*-0"4#69%*q*%(*=9,'
.-%
%g65(%-%"(*D*46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%*50-#?,%*4%*96*F#"*4,*iRi
.-%
'#.59%*6,*4)>,(*4,*ii
*[5d%'(*f*4#&%*%"*]&0'*D*4%*G6&&/*f*O,>#996&4*%"*=6''6"(*=6&
B6-#E*a,%"%6,E*:%5n%((E*26&4#%,E*20=0&E*%(5S^S
(%"(%&*4%*4)F#"#&*9d64C%5(#F*e"0$6&#"#%"eE*6==%9)E*'%90"*"0,'E*f*6$0#&*,"%*'0&(%*4%
=0'()&#()*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*f*F#],&%&*,"*C0,&*46"'*9%*4#5(#0""6#&%E*6,*-l-%*(#(&%*?,%
e&6>%96#'#%"eE*en6Fn6{%"eE*en6"(#%"eE*%(5S^S
4#&%*5%*?,d#9*"%*F6#(*=6'*%"*9%*50-=6&6"(*f*4d6,(&%'*6&(#'(%'*[N65#"%E*86&&6,(%E*B)9#"%E
<0,"4E*:%5n%((E*%(5SÊ*F,''%"(H#9'*-#"%,&'*0,*"0"*9#(()&6#&%'*[>6"4%H4%''#")%E*=%#"(,&%E
5#")-6E*%(5S^S
&%"4&%*'%"'#>9%*f*96*4#$%&'#()*4%'*eC%e*"0$6&#"#%"'*D*9%*eC%e*=0(653%E*9%*eC%e*-/'(#?,%E*9%
eC%e*)(0"")E*9%*eC%e*4)=&#-)E*9%*eC%e*$#09%"(E*9%*eC%e*=3#90'0=3%E*%(5S
=&0=0'%&*4%'*=#'(%'*=0,&*=9,'*(6&4*%(*4d)$%"(,%9'*',C%('*4d6&(#59%'*[$0#&%*4%*(3.'%'*0,
4d%''6#'^*f*$%"#&*[5FS*50"59,'#0"^S
4)F%"4&%*9d#4)%*?,%*F65%*f*5%*(/=%*4%*9#(()&6(,&%*3%&-)(#?,%E*4#&%*5%*?,%*5%*?,d0"
$0#(*=%,(*',FF#&%*f*9d6"69/'%*q*,"%*6==&053%*'(&,5(,&69#'(%*[%"*=6&(6"(*4d,"*]%"&%*>#%"
=&)5#'E*&%5%"')^*"%*'d#-=0'6"(*],.&%*q*%(*=&0=0'%&*40"5*,"%*)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*'%
=&)'%"(6"(*%(*'d6'',-6"(*50--%*',=%&F#5#%99%S
4)F%"4&%*9d#4)%*?,%*5%((%*r,$&%*'d6==6&%"(%*f*,"*j*]&6"4*(%g(%*,"#?,%*k*'d)5&#$6"(
'0,'*"0'*/%,g*[4d0o*9d0=(#0"*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*"%*=6'*"0,'*&)F)&%&*f*,"%*0,*4%,g*=#.5%'
%"*=6&(#5,9#%&^S
4)F%"4&%*9d#4)%*?,%E*'#*5%((%*r,$&%*6*?,%9?,%*530'%*4d,"*50-=9%g%*0&]6"#'-%*$#$6"(E
'0"*6"6&53#%*"d%'(*?,d6==6&%"(%S
-0"(&%&*?,%*'#*(0,(%'*5%'*=#.5%'*'%*&%''%->9%"(*'6"'*40,(%*,"*=%,*["0,'*(p53%&0"'
4%*4#&%*%"*?,0#Ê*5365,"%*6*'6*=%&'0""69#()E*'0"*-/'(.&%*%(*'%'*50,9%,&'*=&0=&%'S
11
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
4#&%*%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*"0(&%*-6"#.&%*(0,(%*=%&'0""%99%*['%*&655&053%&*6,g*>&6"53%'E
'%-%&*4%'*56#990,gE*>69#'%&*9%*(%&&6#"E*F6#&%*9%*$#4%*0,*530#'#&*56&&)-%"(*4%*"0,'*9#$&%&*f
,"%*%g(&6=096(#0"*(0,(*6u#-,(^*4%*"0,'*&%=)&%&*f*9d#"()&#%,&*4%*5%((%*'#*50-=9%g%*F0&l(
4%*-0('S
%''6/%&*4%*4)>&0,''6#99%&*9%*(%&&6#"*'6"'*(0,(%F0#'*'%*=&)(%"4&%*56=6>9%*4d,"
C0,&*j*-%((&%*9%*-/'(.&%*n"05nH0,(*k*[=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*f*"0(&%*50-=(%*9d6-,'6"(%
%g=&%''#0"*4%*+)0*I69%(^S
%''6/%&*4%*4#&%*%"*?,0#*9dr,$&%*%'(*F6#(%*%(*50--%"(*%99%*(#%"(*4%>0,(S
4)=9#%&*9%*(%g(%*4d,"%*-6"#.&%*f*=%,*=&.'*'6(#'F6#'6"(%*=0,&*9d%'=&#(S
=&0=0'%&*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*)(,4%*4%'*&6#9'*%(*4%'*0>'%''#0"'*q*-6#'*6,''#*4%'
50&&%'=0"46"5%'*%(*4%'*C%,g*4d)530S
F#g%&*,"*564&%*4%*(&6$6#9
&%"4&%*5%*564&%*4%*(&6$6#9*9%*=9,'*'0,=9%*=0''#>9%*=0,&*?,%*9d6$%"(,&%*=,#''%*50"(#",%&
%(*"0,&&#&*%"50&%*%(*(0,C0,&'*9d)(,4%*%"(&%=&#'%*%"*(%"6"(*50-=(%*4%'*r,$&%'*?,#
',#$&0"(*+d75(%*#"50"",*c*5d%'(*5%((%*&%96(#$%*=96'(#5#()*?,#*"0,'*6,&6*=%&-#'*4d6C0,(%&
#"*%g(&%-#'*,"%*'0,'H=6&(#%*#-=0&(6"(%*50--%*e+%*8=#5(&%*4,*=#&%E*4%*96*-#&%*%(
4%*O6"#%9*_"/ne*%(*4d%"&#53#&*6#"'#*96*=6&(#%*50"'65&)%*6,g*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*6$%5
836n%'=%6&%*(0,(*%"*&%"46"(*30--6]%*f*,"*(&.'*]&6"4*65(%,&E*(&0=*(s(*4#'=6&,E*?,#
F,(*9d,"*4%'*=#9#%&'*4%*96*(&0,=%*4%*M0$6&#"6S
=&0=0'%&*,"*(0,(*=&%-#%&*>#96"*&3)(0&#?,%*%"*=&%"6"(*4.'*-6#"(%"6"(*,"*=%,*4%*&%5,9
=6&*&6==0&(*f*(0,(*5%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*6*)5&#(*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(E*9%*(&6$6#9*=0,$6"(*l(&%
&%50"4,#(*C,'?,df*'6*-0&(*%(*50-=9)()*=6&*,"*6,(&%*'#**O#%,*"%*"0,'*=&l(%*=6'*$#%S
=&0=0'%&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=&)'%"(6(#0"*])")&69%*4%*9dr,$&%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E
=&)'%"(6(#0"*40"(*"0(&%*%'=0#&*'%5&%(*'%&6#(*?,d%99%*4)>0,53%*,"*C0,&*',&*9d)?,#$69%"(
4d,"*ea,%*'6#'HC%*he*$0#&%E*46"'*9%*-%#99%,&*4%'*56'E*',&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*],#4%*50-=6&)
T
'd#"'=#&6"(*4%*5%9,#*?,%*=&0=0'6*Z&6"b0#'*:0" *=0,&*6$6"5%&*46"'*96*9%5(,&%*4%'*B#"?
+#$&%'S
50"(&#>,%&E*=6&*9%*>#6#'*4d,"*0,$&6]%*4%*5%*(/=%*[0,*4d)$%"(,%99%'*50996>0&6(#0"'E
50"F)&%"5%'*0,*#"(%&$%"(#0"'^*f*F6#&%*50""6w(&%*5%*(3)p(&%*46"'*9%'*5099.]%'*%(
9%'*9/5)%'*%"*40""6"(*?,%9?,%'*=0#"('*4%*&%=.&%'*&3)(0&#?,%'*6,g*=&0F%''%,&'
4%*F&6"b6#'*4)'#&6"(*=&)'%"(%&*f*9%,&'*)9.$%'*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6*q*5%5#*46"'
9d%'=0#&*4%*40""%&*%"$#%*f*5%'*4%&"#%&'*4%*-#%,g*50-=&%"4&%*0,*4%*4)50,$&#&*'0"
(&6$6#9*%(*[=0,&?,0#*=6'*h^*4%*=&0=0'%&*f*9%,&*(0,&*[%"*"0,'*50"(&%4#'6"(E*%"*6FF#"6"(
"0(&%*=&0=0'E*%"*4)$%90==6"(*5%&(6#"%'*#4)%'E*%"*6996"(*=9,'*90#"*0,*%"*=&05)46"(
50-=9.(%-%"(*4#FF)&%--%"(^*4%*"0,$%99%'*6==&053%'*[$0#&%*4%'*40''#%&'E*4%'
50--%"(6#&%'*4%*(%g(%'E*4%'*%g=0')'E*%(5S^S
50"(&#>,%&*[f*"0(&%*3,->9%*"#$%6,^*f*50->9%&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*965,"%*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*(6"(*#9
%'(*$&6#*?,%*'#*?,%9?,%'*-)-0#&%'*4%*-6w(&#'%*0,*4%*OSKS7S*0"(*4)Cf*)()*=&)'%"()'E
0"*&%5%"'%*%"50&%*(&.'*=%,*4%*(3.'%'*',&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*['#]"690"'*(0,(%F0#'*9%'
>&#996"('*(&6$6,g*4%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*%(*4dR936-*79HJ6-46"#^S
-#9#(%&*=0,&*,"*(3)p(&%*9,*'%,9*[56&*%"*5%96*50"'#'(%*"0(&%*6==&053%E*"0(&%*%g=)&#%"5%
%(*"0(&%*=6&(#*=&#'^*q*-6#'*6,''#E*%"*=6''6"(E*=0,&*,"%*&%-#'%*f*9d30""%,&*4,*(3)p(&%
&64#0=30"#?,%*[56&E*&6==%90"'H9%E*5d%'(*=6&*5%*-)4#,-H9f*?,%*"0,'*%"(&p-%'*%"
M0$6&#"#%^S
'69,%&*,"#$%&'#(6#&%-%"(*[9d6550-=6]"6"(*50--%*9%'*46,=3#"'*4d7&#0"*h^*9%*(&6$6#9
4d,"*6&(#'(%*40"(*>%6,50,=*q*9%*=&0,$%"(*%"(&%*6,(&%'*'0"*%"(&)%*F&656''6"(%*6,
&)=%&(0#&%*4%*96*B0-)4#%*Z&6"b6#'%*%"*C6"$#%&*1AAT*%(*'0"*=6''6]%*&%-6&?,)*46"'
96*B0,&*4dJ0""%,&*4,*Z%'(#$69*4d7$#]"0"*%"*C,#99%(*1AAU*q*'d6550&4%"(*f*&%50""6w(&%
9d#-=0&(6"5%*50"'#4)&6>9%*D*5d%'(*?,%*['6"'*(0,(%F0#'*"0,'*=&%"4&%*=0,&*:6n3(#"%*0,
1Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
"0,'*%g596-%&*(&#$#69%-%"(*eBd%'(*+,#*me*0,*%"50&%*e;"*9%*(#%"(*meÊ*"0,'*$0#5#*=%,(Hl(&%
%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*"0,$%6,*N6>%96#'S
ƒ
(0,53%&*4,*40#](*9%*-/'(.&%*4%*5%((%*r,$&%H'=3#"g*%(*F6#&%*"s(&%*9%*5&#*4%*],%&&%*4%
9d6,(%,&E*f*'6$0#&*j*B%*40"(*0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*=6&9%&E*5d%'(*5%96*?,d#9*F6,(*4#&%*kS
R"'#'(0"'H/*D*-l-%*'#*"0,'*"d6$0"'*=6'*(0,(%'*9%'*?,69#()'*&%?,#'%'*=0,&*%FF%5(,%&*5%*(&6$6#9
4dJ%&5,9%E*"0,'*%''6#%&0"'*5&p"%-%"(*4d)(,4#%&*(0,(%'*9%'*F65%((%'*4%*5%((%*r,$&%*#--%"'%
56&*"0,'*50"'#4)&0"'*?,%*9%*(&6$6#9*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*4)>&0,''6#99%&*9%*(%&&6#"E*50--%*6&-)
4d,"%*-653%((%*f*96*R"4#6"6*G0/5%*['#*9d0"*$%,(^*50"'(#(,%*=0,&*9d#"'(6"(E*,"#$%&'#(6#&%-%"(
=6&96"(E*96*-%#99%,&%*&)=0"'%*f*96*?,%'(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%S*!"*6,(&%*(&6$6#9E*5%9,#*4%*96*4#]%'(#0"
[6,(&%*]&6"4%*6$%"(,&%^*'d6550-=9#&6*=9,'*(6&4*q*%(*50--%"(6(%,&'E*]90''6(%,&'*%(*%g)].(%'
65(,%9'*=6''%&0"(*690&'*'6"'*40,(%*=0,&*4%*j*'/-=6(3#?,%'*F,-#'(%'*k*[50--%*#9*%'(*4#(
46"'*O646^*-6#'E*4%*F6b0"*=9,'*])")&69%E*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%*'#*"0,'*6$#0"'*=%,&*4,*&#4#5,9%E
"0,'*"d6,&#0"'*=6'*530#'#*5%*',C%(SSS
<0,&(6"(E*,"*=&0$%&>%*%g=&%''#F*9%*4#(*D*?,6"4*0"*"d6#-%*=6'*9d%6,E*0"*F6#(*=6'*-6&#"*q
%(*#9*%'(*5%&(6#"*?,%*"0,'*&%''%"(0"'*,"%*'0&(%*4%*F6-#9#6&#()*f*9d%"4&0#(*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*=#.5%'
%(*4%*5%*(3)p(&%H9f*c*5d%'(*-l-%*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*f*5%*(#(&%E*6,*"0-*4%*5%((%*#"%g=9#56>9%
F6-#9#6&#()E*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*%,*9d%"$#%*4d%"(&%=&%"4&%*9%*(&6$6#9*(#(6"%'?,%*50"'#'(6"(*46"'
,"%*)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*6==9#?,)%*f*,"%*=&0'%*6,''#*4)&0,(6"(%S*K"*%FF%(E*#9*"%*'6,&6#(*#5#*l(&%
?,%'(#0"*4%*=&04,#&%*,"%*%'=.5%*4d%g%&5#5%*4d64-#&6(#0"E*4d04%*0,*4%*536"(*4d6-0,&*=0,&
,"%* r,$&%* [5%* ?,#* '%&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* &#4#5,9%E* ,"* =%,* $6#"* %(* %"* (0,(* 56'* =6&F6#(%-%"(* "0"
$69#46>9%*=6&*9d#"'(#(,(#0"Ê*"0(&%*>,(*)(6"(*=9,(s(*4%*=&0=0'%&*$8*E$8&*,"*(&6$6#9*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*4%
?,69#()*%(*9%*=9,'*0>C%5(#F*=0''#>9%S*<0,&*9d6"%540(%*%(*"%*&#%"*5653%&E*"0,'*"0,'*=%&-%((&0"'
4d6C0,(%&*?,%*96*=&#'%*4%*50"'5#%"5%*4%*96*F6-#9#6&#()*%"*?,%'(#0"*%(*4%*9d#-=0&(6"5%*?,%*96
eM0$6&#"#%e*6996#(*=&%"4&%*46"'*"0(&%*$#%*'d%FF%5(,6*(&.'*>&,'?,%-%"(E*50--%*,"%*$)&#(6>9%
&)$)96(#0"E*f*9d0556'#0"*4%*9d)50,(%*'#4)&)%*4%*4538"#$I7#(&B*%(*4%*96*$0#g*4d7"4&)*I6&50"E
',&*,"*>6"69*(&6"'#'(0&E*#9*/*6*?,%9?,%'*6"")%'SSS
a,6"(* f* 96* &#],%,&* '5#%"(#F#?,%* =&)50"#')%* 46"'* 96* B36&(%* 4%'* 23.'%'E* "0,'* 6$0"'
%''6/)*4d/*(%"4&%*9%*=9,'*=0''#>9%*[5%5#*6,*"#$%6,*4%*"0(&%*4)-6&53%*%(*4%*"0(&%*')&#%,g^
-6#'* "0,'* &)596-%&* 6>'09,-%"(* 4%* 96* 85#%"5%* '%&6#(* 9d#"',9(%&* %(* F6#&%* #"C,&%* 6,g* $&6#'
'5#%"(#F#?,%'S*O#'0"'*=9,'*3,->9%-%"(*?,%*5%((%*(3.'%*=0,&&6#(*4%$%"#&*,"*4)>,(*4%*4)>6(E
4%*&)F9%g#0"E*,"*%''6#*4%*9%5(,&%E*,"%*-6"r,$&%*4d6==&053%E*,"*4#5(#0""6#&%*4d%'?,#''%'
%(*F0"5(#0""%&*[=0,&?,0#*=6'*h^*50--%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*$#$#%&*4%*(&6$6,g*[(3.'%'E*6&(#59%'*0,
%''6#'^*f*$%"#&S*<9,'*-)(6=30&#?,%-%"(E*"0,'*'0--%'*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%E*6$%5*5%((%*(3.'%E
%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*6&>,'(%*5%&(%'*%"50&%*F&l9%*%(*-69#"]&%E*-6#'*6((%"46"(*=6(#%--%"(*4%
]&6"4#&*%(*?,%*9,#*=0,''%"(*4%*"0,$%99%'*>&6"53%'SSS
N%4#'0"'H9%*'6"'*(0,(%F0#'*$0,90#&*%"*5%96*"0,'*40""%&*(&0=*4d#-=0&(6"5%E*"0(&%*4)'#&
=&0F0"4* 4%* (&6$6#99%&* ',&* ,"%* r,$&%* 6,''#* '#"],9#.&%* =0'%* F#"69%-%"(* 9%* =&0>9.-%* 4%* 96
=%&(#"%"5%*[0,*=6'^*4%*=&04,#&%*,"%*(3.'%*4%*F65(,&%*,9(&6H596''#?,%E*3/=%&H50"$%"(#0""%99%*D
4%$&#0"'H"0,'*=&04,#&%*,"%*)(,4%*'(&#5(%-%"(*[(&#'(%-%"(*h^*0>C%5(#$%*0,*=&0=0'%&*,"%*)(,4%
=6&F0#'*,"*=%,*6&(#'(%E*F6#&%*=6&(*4%*"0'*#-=&%''#0"'*%(*4%*"0'*#"(,#(#0"'*%(*/*699%&E*%"F#"E*4%
?,%9?,%'*=&0C%5(#0"'*=%&'0""%99%'*h*O%*(0,(%*F6b0"*%(*f*%"*5&0#&%*B9)-%"(*N0''%(E*,"*4%'
=9,'*F%&$%"('*64-#&6(%,&'*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*#9*"%*'6,&6#(*/*6$0#&*4%*4)9#&%*#"(%&=&)(6(#F*46"'
96*-%',&%*0,*(0,(%*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"*%'(*4)CfE*%"*'0#E*,"%*F0&-%*4%*4)9#&%*q*6$0,0"'H9%*D*5d%'(
9f*,"%*F0&-%*4%*56,(#0"*?,#*"0,'*&6'',&%*,"*=%,S
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* "0,'* %''6#%&0"'* 4%* (0,C0,&'* "0,'* '#(,%&* 46"'* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* C,'(%
-#9#%,* D* 5%&(%'* %(* =6&* &%'=%5(* =0,&* 9d6,(%,&* %(* =0,&* 9d#"'(#(,(#0"E* "0,'* (p53%&0"'* 4%* "0,'
-0"(&%&*=&)5#'*%(*&#]0,&%,g*-6#'*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,d#9*'%&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*40--6]%*4%
1W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
I/()#'1"(2#/
"%*=6'E*=6&*-0-%"('E*96#''%&*9#>&%*50,&'*f*,"%*5%&(6#"%*',>C%5(#$#()*%(*f*5%*?,%*4d6,5,"'
"0--%"(* =0)(#?,%-%"(* 9d#-=6&F6#(* 4,* ',>C%5(#F* 56&* 5%96* =0,&&6#(* 50"(&#>,%&* f* 6==0&(%&
4%* "0,$%6,g* )596#&6]%'* q* 5%5#* 6F#"* 4%* (%"(%&* 4d6==&053%&* ,"%* r,$&%* =6&F0#'* [h^* =9%#"%
4d,"%*#"?,#)(6"(%*)(&6"]%()S*7*96*536''%*6,*8"6&nE*40"5*m*M0,'*6((&6=%&0"'*=%,(Hl(&%*,"
:0,C%,"t
1X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%
%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(
)=(<5%
IK&L#1%)&%(&M()%&N#1E
OK&,%&'*/0%)&'P1/&5#/-()1%1Q&"#/()%-%/j* <6'* 4%* C%,* 6$%5* 9%'* -0('E* C6-6#'S* Bd%'(* "0,'* ?,#* '0--%'* 9%,&* C%,* kS* 7#"'#* 'd%g=&#-%
M0$6&#"6* f* 96* =6]%* XW* 4%* -&8(.87' :.' ?.7$G)&S* O6"'* ,"* 6,(&%* &%5,%#9E* 5%9,#H5#* 50-=0')
4d6&(#59%'*50"'65&)'*f*9d6,(%,&E*5%*4%&"#%&*"0,'*%'(*=&)'%"()*50--%*j*5%9,#*?,#*'#]"%*9%'
U
9#$&%'*-6#'*9%'*)5&#(*f*=%#"%*k S
;"*6,&6*50-=&#'*96*&6#'0"*=&0F0"4%*4%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%\=&090],%*D*5d%'(*?,d,"*(%&&#>9%
40,(%*"0,'*6''6#99%*D*"d6990"'H"0,'*=6'*50--%((&%E*%"*=&0=0'6"(*5%((%*)(,4%E*,"*50"(&%'%"'
-0"'(&,%,g*h*O6"'*,"%*4)-6&53%*6&(#'(#?,%*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*&6==&053%&*4%*96*(&64#(#0"*(60{'(%
%(*4,*_%"E*M0$6&#"6*'%->9%*%"*%FF%(*=0'')4%&*,"%*'0&(%*4d6&(*4,*$#4%*%"*'0#*?,#*9%*&%"4&6#(
56=6>9%*4%*F6#&%*4%*96*=965%*=0,&*9%'*-0('*%(*4%*4%$%"#&*=0,&*%,g*,"%*'0&(%*4%*(%&&6#"*4%*C%,
$0#&%*4%*'%*F6#&%*'699%*4%*'?,6(53E*50&>%#99%*4%*90(0*%(\0,*536-=*4%*>6(6#99%*[50--%*46"'
L
4.'4#77&*(&/'?9)7/Ê*,"*=%,*50--%*'d#9*6$6#(*96*F65,9()*?,6'#H-6]#?,% *4%*9%'*96#''%&*=6&9%&
%(*'d%g=9#?,%&*%"(&%*%,gS*7#99%,&'E*46"'*-&8(.87*:.*?.7$G)&*[=S*@1WÊ*#9*'%&6*-l-%*=&)50"#')
,"%*j*4)F6#(%*4%*'0#*k*?,#*F%&6#(*=&%'?,%*4%*9dr,$&%*,"%*5&)6(#0"*6,(0]."%E*=&05)46"(*4d%99%H
-l-%*%(*'d)5&#$6"(*(0,(%*'%,9%S
K"*4)F#"#(#$%E*5%*'0"(*40"5*=9,(s(*9%'*-0('*?,#*-04.9%"(*9%*9#$&%*?,%*9d6&(#'(%*9,#H-l-%S
7,* 9#%,* 4%* '(&,5(,&%&* ,"%* r,$&%* f* =6&(#&* 4%* -0('* 530#'#'E* #9* 'd6]#(* =0,&* 5%* 4%&"#%&* 4%* 9%'
96#''%&*=6''%&E*j*4%*'%*&%(#&%&*%(*4%*96#''%&*=6&9%&*"0(&%*96"],%*k*[<SISE*=S*@1WÊ*=0,&*?,%*9%
-#&659%*6#(*9#%,S*R5#*=0,&(6"(E*%(*,"*=%,*50--%*53%u*:%5n%((E*46"'*45$889??.=:&*"0(6--%"(E
9%*=6''%,&*4%*=6&09%*q*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&%=&)'%"()*=6&*5%9,#*?,#*4#(*eC%e*q*=0,&&6*'d)(0""%&E
'd0FF,'?,%&*0,*'%*=96#"4&%*4%*'0"*)(6(S*a,6"(*f*N0>%&(*<#"]%(E*#9*=0'6#(*9%*=&0>9.-%*,"*=%,
6,(&%-%"(*q*-6#'*96*?,%'(#0"*)(6#(*6,*F0"4*96*-l-%*q*f*(&6$%&'*9%*=%&'0""6]%*4%*I0"'#%,&
80"]%E*5%*4%&"#%&*)5&#$6"(*46"'*'0"*C0,&"69*D*j*86$0#&*?,#*=&%"4*5%'*"0(%'*kS
+%* '65&#F#5%* 50-#?,%E* 5%* '%&6#(* 40"5* 5%96* D* 655%=(%&* 4%* "dl(&%* =0,&* &#%"* 46"'* 9%
=3)"0-."%*4%*9d)5&#(,&%E*C,'(%*,"*=6''%,&E*,"*(,>%E*,"*(,/6,S*<0,&*96*F#],&%E*-l-%*$#09%"5%*D
%99%*6==6&6w(*',&*9%*=6=#%&*50--%*96*(l(%*4%*`6"*P0]3*F0"46"(*',&*7&(6,4*46"'*4&'/#$*$(I
(&':.'/9*$I7IS*R5#E*0"*%'(*>#%"*90#"*4%*96*I,'%*$#'#(6"(*9%*=0.(%*-6#'*9%*&)',9(6(*%'(*9%*-l-%*D
9%*=0.-%*'d)5&#(S*j*Bd)(6#(*$&6#-%"(*(&.'*F0&(*\*G%*4%$6#'*4#&%*0,#*\*<0,&(6"(*Cd-%*4%-6"4%
%"50&%* \* Bd?,#* -d6* =&#'* kD* 5%* -/'()&#%,g* ?,6(&6#"* 4,* 536"(%,&H=0.(%* B36&9)9#%* B0,(,&%
'%->9%*f*'6*C09#%*-6"#.&%*"0,'*&%"'%#]"%&*',&*9%*'%"'*$)&#(6>9%*4,*j*'65&#F#5%*50-#?,%*k*(%9
U
**<#%&&%*`#96&E*j*:6>#9*%(*:#>69*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*G0')*B0&(#E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*Q1S
L
**!"*5%&(6#"*536-6"#'-%*"d)(6"(*#5#*=6'*90#"*D*'0"*6-#*8%&]%*<%/E*'=)5#69#'(%*%"*96*-6(#.&%E*=0,&&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*"0,'*9%*50"F#&-%&S
1T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
?,%*9%*50"b0#(*M0$6&#"6*D*#9*"d/*6*=6'*f*4#'5,(%&E*5d%'(*=9,'*F0&(*?,%*'0#*D*#9*F6,(*'%*C%(%&*f*9d%6,
[$0#&%*j*"6]%&*96*=6]%*k^*%(*"%*=6'*'%*=0'%&*4%*?,%'(#0"'S
a,6"(*6,*-0(*9,#H-l-%E*'d%'(H#9*6,(0HF0&-)*'6"'*"0,'*h*a,d%'(H5%*40"5*?,#*=&)'#46*f
'6*"6#''6"5%*h*K"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*'0"*6,(0"0-#%*h*O%*?,%99%*6953#-#%*%'(H#9*9%*F&,#(*h*a,%99%
0=)&6(#0"*9%*F#(*6==6&6w(&%*h*j*Od0o*$#%"(*?,d0"*=6&9%*h*a,%*96*$#6"4%*'d%g=&#-%*h*k*M6(369#%
86&&6,(%*F,(H%99%*$#'#0""6#&%*%"*)5&#$6"(*J#;)&O*6$6"(*4%*'d)(%#"4&%*h*+6*'%,9%*?,%'(#0"*?,#
'%*=0'%*f*"0,'*%'(*%"*F6#(*96*',#$6"(%*D*)(6"(*40"")*9d%"4&0#(*4d0o*"0,'*=6&90"'E*9d!"#$%&'#()
Z&6"b6#'%*%(*+dK,&0=%*4)'0&#%"()%*46"'*9%*'%"'*?,%*4#(*9d6,(%,&*[j*'6"'*;&#%"(*kÊ*'0--%'H
"0,'*56=6>9%'*4%*=&%"4&%*(0,(*5%5#*6,*')&#%,g*h
RK&S*)%&T&$*&0)2$$%&
O%$6"(*4%*(%99%'*(3)0&#%'E*4%*(%99%'*6FF#&-6(#0"'E*?,%99%*=0'(,&%*640=(%&*h*B0--%"(*&%5%$0#&
5%96*%(*',&(0,(*%"*=6&9%&*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*(3.'%*f*96?,%99%*"0,'*'0,36#(%&#0"'*50"F)&%&
(0,(*4%*-l-%*,"*6#&*&%'=%5(6>9%*[5d%'(*f*4#&%*&)'09,-%"(*"0"H=0)(#?,%^*46"'*9%*>,(*6$0,)
4%*4)5&053%&*,"*,9(#-%*4#=9s-%*?,#*%"&#53#&6*=&%'(#]#%,'%-%"(E*5#(0"'*#5#*`%&3%]]%"E*"0(&%
j*&#4#5,9,-*$#(6%*k*h
20,C0,&'*=6&*$%&3%]]%"#%""%*=96#'6"(%&#%E*"0,'*=0,&&#0"'*6C0,(%&*?,%*'#*5d)(6#(*$&6#E*'#
M0$6&#"6*4#'6#(*$&6#E*5%*'%&6#(*>%9*%(*>#%"*96*-0&(*=,&%*%(*'#-=9%*4%*96*5&#(#?,%*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*c
0&*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*9d6,(%,&*4,*L+IM7)&*(&/*%.)9:&/*'0#(*F#"69%-%"(*6,''#*C0,%,&*?,%*C0,)
%(*?,d#9*/*6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*=6&F0#'*,"*=%,*4%*=%"')%*53%u*9,#*q*j*"0(&%*=&)'%"5%*46"'*96
=6&09%*k*[<SISE*=S*UW^*qE*,"*5%&(6#"*&%5,9*[$#'#>9%*"0(6--%"(*46"'*'%'*#"(%&$#%~'Ê*>&%F*(0,(%
,"%*&)F9%g#0"*)&,4#(%*%(*(3)0&#?,%*=6&*&6==0&(*f*(0,(%'*5%'*?,%'(#0"'S
7,*F0"4E*'#*5%((%*4,69#()*C0,%,&\C0,)*[$0#&%*C0,%,&\C0,%(Ê*4)=90&)%*%"*=6&(#%*=6&*9d6,(%,&
[?,#*$6*C,'?,df*'%*(&6#(%&*4d%'5&05*46"'*96*&%$,%*F.;.^*"d%g#'(6#(*=6'*4,*(0,(*%(*?,%*9d6,(%,&*'0#(
%"*%FF%(*50-=9.(%-%"(*$#4%E*=96?,%&*96*]&#99%*36>#(,%99%*[9#"],#'(#?,%E*'(&,5(,&69#'(%^*&%'(%&6#(
=0''#>9%*q*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%E*%"*=6&(#%E*=6&*,"*0&4#"6(%,&S
74-%((0"'*%"*%FF%(*?,%*9d)5&#$6#"H(,/6,*"%*50-=&%"4*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"*f*5%*?,d#9*)5&#(E
C0,)*?,d#9*%'(*=6&*9%'*-0('*?,#*"d%"*F0"(*?,df*9%,&*(l(%*[6]#E*-6&#0""%((#')*=6&*%,gÊ*5%96*"%
536"]%*&#%"*c*9%*=&0>9.-%*&%'(%*%"(#%&*D*9%'*9#$&%'*'0"(*9f*%(*9%'*F#],&%'E*)(,4#6>9%'S
;"*$0#(*#5#*%"*?,0#*=0,&&6#(*50"'#'(%&*96*>690,&4#'%*4d,"*)(,4#6"(*%"*+%((&%'*>&z96"(*4d699%&
53%&53%&*96*P&#99%*[-0(*&6==%96"(*P&#99,'*%(*'0"*]&0#"Ê*"%*C,&6"(*?,%*=6&*%99%*%(*#"56=6>9%
4%*50"5%$0#&*?,d#9*=,#''%*%g#'(%&*4d6,(&%'*(%53"#?,%'*4d6==&053%S*;&E*#5#E*96*'%,9%*6==&053%
=0''#>9%* %'(* 5%99%* 4,* C%,* D* C%,* 4%* 9d65(%,&* >#%"* 'z&* -6#'* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,''#* C%,* 4,* 9%5(%,&
'd6-,'6"(*f*%''6/%&*4%*50-=&%"4&%*5%*?,d#9*'6#(*?,d#9*"%*50-=&%"4&6*C6-6#'*%(*5%*?,%9?,%
%FF0&(*?,d#9*F6''%S*+d6,(&%*6==&053%E*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*9,4#?,%*[-6#'E*'%->9%H(H#9*D*=6'*(0,C0,&'Ê
5d%'(*4%*F0"5(#0""%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*%"*%''6/6"(*4%*=6&9%&*4%*5%*?,d0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*4#&%S
UK&S*)%&T&$*&0$#-%&'%&0$*UKOK&,%-&e)20*'%-&)<E(#)231%O6"'* 4.' K*G8&E* M0$6&#"6* #"$%"(%* 9%'* j* :&#]64%'* ]&6--6(#569%'* k* ?,%* 9d0"* ',==0'%
&)=&%''#$%'* %(* =6&* (&0=* "0&-6(#$%'* [(p530"'* 4%* "d%"* =6'* F6#&%* =6&(#%^S* ;&E* 5%'* (%&&#>9%'
:&#]64%'* "0,'* =6&6#''%"(* F6#&%* )530* 6,g* j* 80&>0""#509'* k* -0?,)'* =6&* N6>%96#'E* 96
80&>0""%*F0"5(#0""6"(*53%u*5%*4%&"#%&*[,"*=%,*f*9d#-6]%*4%'*O05(%,&'*"0$6&#"#%"'^*50--%
1U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
,"%*-)(6=30&%*4%*96*=&)(%"(#0"*6,*'6$0#&*$0#&%*4%*96*5,#'(&%H'#&%&#%*?,#*56&65()&#'%*4%*F6#(
5%&(6#"'*j*405(,''%'']*=9%#"'*4d6'',&6"5%E*4%*-0&],%*%(*4%*F6(,#()S
;"* 6,&6* 50-=&#'* "0(&%* =0'#(#0"* %(* 9%* '%"'* 4%* 5%((%* '0,'H=6&(#%* c* 5d%'(* ?,d#9* %'(* F0&(
4)9#56(*4%*=&0=0'%&*,"%*(3.'%*',&*,"*6,(%,&*$#$6"(*D*%"*'0--%E*9d0"*%'(*,"*=%,*]l")*6,g
%"(0,&",&%'* D* %"(&%* 9%* F6"* (&6"'#* %(* 9d)(,4#6"(H53%&53%,&E* "%* 'd6]#&6#(H#9* =6'* 4%* 530#'#&* '0"
56-=*h*+6*530'%*%'(H%99%*=0''#>9%*h*790&'*?,%*"0,'*9,#*F6#'#0"'*=6&(*4%*5%*=&0>9.-%*%(*4%
"0(&%*%->6&&6'*[=0,&?,0#*"%*=6'*&650"(%&*5%((%*6-,'6"(%*6"%540(%*hÊ*9d6,(%,&*%,(*4d6#99%,&'
,"%*&)65(#0"*-69#5#%,'%*?,#*&%C0#"(*9d3,-0,&*"0#&*40"(*#9*'6#(*F6#&%*-0"(&%*46"'*'%'*=#.5%'*c*96
=3&6'%*%"*?,%'(#0"*"0,'*]96b6*(0,(*4d6>0&4*=0,&*F#"69%-%"(*"0,'*F6#&%*&#&%*%(*?,%9?,%'*-0#'
=9,'*(6&4E*"0,'*'0"]%p-%'*-l-%*f*%"*F6#&%*"0(&%*,"#?,%*%g%&],%*D*j*b6*'%&6#(*=9,'*'#-=9%
'#*Cd)(6#'*-0&(S*k*[M0$6&#"6*c*6=05&/=3%^S*;,(&%*?,%*5%((%*-0&(*'%&6#(*,"%*(&.'*]&6"4%*=%&(%
=0,&*96*9#(()&6(,&%E*#9*'%*(&0,$%*?,%*9d30--%*%'(*%"*]&0'*=9,(s(*'/-=6(3#?,%*%(*5d%'(*6,''#
=0,&*5%((%*&6#'0"E*,"*=%,*6FF%5(#$%*40"5E*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*&%F,'0"'*f*C0,%&*50-=9.(%-%"(*9%
C%,*4%*96*]&#99%*&3)(0&#?,%S
:&%FE*#9*"%*'6,&6#(*l(&%*?,%'(#0"*=0,&*"0,'*4%*C0,%&*9%'*#4#0('*,"#$%&'#(6#&%'*%"*6==9#?,6"(
4%*F6b0"*>0&")%*4%'*&.]9%'*?,#E*4%*(0,(%*F6b0"E*"%*'d#-=0'%&6#%"(*=6'E*%(*'6"'*(%"#&*6,5,"
50-=(%*4%*5%*?,d#9*/*6*4%*9d6,(&%*5s()*4%'*=3&6'%'*%(*4,*-#&0#&E*"#*4%*96*'%"'#>#9#()*[?,%*"0,'
5&0/0"'*(&.'*]&6"4%^*4%*9d6&(#'(%*)(,4#)S*B%*'0"(*9f*-)(304%'*4%*>&,(%*D*#9*"0,'*F6,(*=9,(s(
(%"#&*50-=(%*4,*F6#(*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*6&(*$)&#(6>9%*?,d#9*'%&6#(*6>',&4%
4d6==&053%&*6$%5*4%'*0,(#9'*'(&#5(%-%"(*(%53"#?,%'*q*#9*'d6]#(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*4d%"(&%&*,"*=%,
46"'*96*90]#?,%*4%*9d6,(%,&*%(*4%*'%*-%((&%*6,*4#6=6'0"*4%*'0"*3,-0,&*'#*=6&(#5,9#%&S
K"*'0--%E*"0(&%*>,(*"d%'(*=6'*4%*4)53#?,%(%&*9dr,$&%*50--%*F%&6#(*,"*536569*-6#'
>#%"*4%*=&0=0'%&*,"*=6"0&6-6*&%96(#$%-%"(*0>C%5(#F*4%*5%99%H5#*%"*%''6/6"(*4%*=&%"4&%*,"
-6g#-,-*4%*&%5,9*=6&*&6==0&(*f*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*)5&#(%'*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(S*:&%FE*6'',&0"'
9d6,(%,&* [5%((%* =6&(#%* 9,#* )(6"(* >#%"* 'z&* 4)4#)%E* 64&%'')%^* ?,%* "0,'* "%* F%&0"'* C6-6#'
=6&(#%*4%'*j:&#]64%'*]&6--6(#569%'*k*[5FS*4.'K*G8&^*"#*-l-%*4%'*e:&#]64%'*&3)(0&#?,%'eE
50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%*?,%*"0(&%*'0,'H(#(&%*=0,&&6#(*96#''%&*=%"'%&S
UKRK&l1%/%*1&T&$*&)%-"#1--%
N%F,'0"'*40"5*9%*-0&(#F.&%*4d,"%*]&#99%*4)",)%*4d3,-0,&*%(*&%4#'0"'*"0(&%*4)'#&*4%*"0,'
=965%&*'0,'*9%*=6&&6#"6]%*'/->09#?,%*%(*,"*=%,*=6(6=3/'#?,%*4d,"*=&%'(#]#%,g*-6w(&%*%'H
9%((&%'*)(,4#)*f*(&6$%&'*'0"*69(%&H%]0*#&96"46#'*%(*F)-#"#"*[8699/*I6&6Ê*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%
4d,"*(&6$6#9*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*6"()&#%,&S*a,%"%6,E*%"*%FF%(E*)(6#(*6,''#E*0"*9d0,>9#%*(&0=*'0,$%"(E
,"*%''6/#'(%*%(*,"*(3)0&#5#%"*%(*0"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%*%'(#-%&*?,d#9*/*6*4,*N096"4*:6&(3%'*%"
9,#S*a,6"(*f*'%'*CA&)*$*&/'(&'/7S:&E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*6,(&%*530'%*?,Y*,"*V).(#/*=6&*9d%g%-=9%S
2&.'*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*#9*/*6''05#%*3,-0,&*%(*&3)(0&#?,%*%(*0"*"%*'d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*6''%u
&%"4,*50-=(%*4%*9d#-=0&(6"5%*3#'(0&#?,%*4d,"*(%9*&6==&053%-%"(*D*'d#9*'d#-=0'%E*5d%'(*=0,&
4%'* &6#'0"'* =&0F0"4%'* %(* %"50&%* 4#FF#5#9%'* f* 6"69/'%&* f* 56,'%* 4d,"* 5%&(6#"* -6"?,%* 4%
&%5,9S*M)6"-0#"'E*=&0=0'0"'*(0,(*4%*-l-%*5%5#*D*'6$0#&*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*96*=3&6'%
%(* '6$0#&* "0--%&* 9%'* F#],&%'* %'(* =0,&* a,%"%6,* '/"0"/-%* 4d%,=30&#%* c* =&0]&%''%&* 46"'
"0(&%*50""6#''6"5%*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%E*5d%'(*=&%'?,%*6$6"5%&*46"'*"0(&%*50-=&)3%"'#0"*4%
9d3,-6#"E*96*96"],%*%(*9%'*-0('*"0,'*50"'(#(,6"(*4d,"%*F6b0"*?,6'#H=3/'#?,%S*B%((%*40,>9%
6$6"5)%*40#(*'%*F6#&%*46"'*96*C0#%*q'#"0"E*5%96*"%*F0"5(#0""%*=6'S
B%* ?,d#9* F6,(E* 5d%'(* 6,''#* '%* 9#$&%&* f* ,"* %g6-%"* -#",(#%,g* 4,* -6()&#6,* [50--%* 9%
=&)50"#'6#(* <0%* 46"'* '%'* H.)0$8.:$.Ê* ?,#((%* f* #"$%"(%&* 4%* "0,$%99%'* 6==&053%'* %(* 4%
"0,$%6,g* 0,(#9'* 'd#9* 'd6$.&%* ?,%* 9%* -6()&#6,* %"* ?,%'(#0"* "d%"(&%* =6'* 46"'* 9%'* 56()]0&#%'
36>#(,%99%'S
1L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Bd%'(* %"50&%* 9%* 56&65(.&%* 50"5&%(E* &3)(0&#?,%* %(* $#$6"(* 4%* '0"* 6==&053%* 4,* 96"]6]%
?,%*"0,'*&%(#%"4&0"'*4%*9d6,(%,&*4%'*CA&)*$*&/'(&'/7S:&*D*4%*F6b0"*=6&F6#(%-%"(*6'',-)%E
&%$%"4#?,)%E*,"#$%&'#(6#&%*%"F#"E*5%*'0,&#&%*f*96*a,%"%6,*C0,%&6*=0,&*"0,'*,"*&s9%*=&)5#%,g
4%* ]6&4%HF0,* %(* $#'%&6* f* '#]"#F#%&* 50->#%"* '%&6#(* 6>',&4%E* 4)=965)%E* ,"%* )(,4%* ?,#* '%
=&%"4&6#(*(&0=*6,*')&#%,gS*M0(&%*>,(*"d%'(*=0,&(6"(*=0#"(*4%*=0,''%&*,"*5&#*4%*],%&&%*#"'=#&)
4%* 5%,g* 4,* P90,=#%&* [?,%9?,%* 530'%* ?,#* &%''%->9%&6#(* f* D* F0#"* 4%'* &6#4%'* (3)0&#5#%"'E
4%'* &%40"46"('* &3)(0&#?,%,&'* %(* 4%'* &3)(%,&'* &3)(0&#?,6"('* %(* ,&(#?,6"('* m^* -6#'E* =9,'
,"#$%&'#(6#&%-%"(E*4%*=&0=0'%&E*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"*C0/%,g*4)F#9)*4%*F#],&%'E*,"%*(3.'%*(0,(
f*96*F0#'*-)(304#?,%*%(*&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(*56&"6$69%'?,%S
VK&C*)(#0)*:<2%&'1&/#9*)2/2%/
K"* 50"$0?,6"(* a,%"%6,E* "0,'* 6$0"'* =6&9)* 4%* 9d6((#(,4%* ])")&69%* ?,d#9* "0,'* =6&6#''6#(
50"$%"#&*4d640=(%&*-6#'*&%$%"0"'*40"5*,"*=%,*',&*96*-)(304%*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*530#'#%*=0,&
6>0&4%&*9%*50"(#"%"(*M0$6&#"6S*I0"(&6"(*9%*=96"*4%*"0(&%*(&6$6#9*f*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*5%99%H5#
%,(*96*]%"(#99%''%*4%*"0,'*'#]"#F#%&*?,d%99%*$0/6#(*"0(&%*=&0C%(*50--%*,"%*(%"(6(#$%*[($A$7^*4%
j*4)9#-#(%&*9%'*50"(0,&'*4%*9d#-6]#"6#&%*"0$6&#"#%"*k*D*5d%'(*%g65(%-%"(*4%*5%96*?,d#9*'d6]#(S
+d%g=&%''#0"*j*4)9#-#(%&*9%'*50"(0,&'*k*6,&6*-l-%*=,*[4d0o*5%((%*=6&(#%*9#-#"6#&%^*"0,'*F6#&%
3)'#(%&* ?,6"(* 6,* 530#g* 4,* (#(&%* c* %"* %FF%(E* •B6&(0]&6=3#%* 4,* "0$6&#"#%"* €* 6,&6#(* =,* 40""%&
,"%*6''%u*>0""%*#4)%*4%*9d0>C%5(#F*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*F#g0"'*-6#'*#9*"%*-%((6#(*=6'*%"*6$6"(*9%'
"0(#0"'*4%*50-#?,%E*4%*'65&#F#5%*50-#?,%*%(*4%*&3)(0&#?,%S
K"* 64-%((6"(* ?,%* 96* M0$6&#"#%* '0#(* $&6#-%"(* ,"* =6/'E* "0,'* %"* %g=90&%&0"'* 40"5* #5#
9%'*&)]#0"'*%(*6,&0"'*,"*F0"5(#0""%-%"(*4%*56&(0]&6=3%*D*F65%*f*9dr,$&%*50-=9%g%*4%*5%
>&0,#99%,&*4%*56&(%'E*"0,'*(p53%&0"'*4d%"*4&%''%&*,"%*q*9d)5,%#9*)(6"(*4%*-%((&%*9dr,$&%*%"
56&(%'E*46"'*4%'*56'%'E*%"*'69#''6"(*'6*>%6,()S*7,(&%-%"(*4#(*D*"0(&%*(&6$6#9*"%*&%C0#"4&6
=6'*5%9,#*4d,"*(&64,5(%,&*96>0&#%,g*[0,*4d,"*50--%"(6(%,&*?,#*)"0"5%&6#(*5&p"%-%"(*e5%96
$%,(*4#&%*5%5#e*%(*e5%5#*$%,(*4#&%*5%96e*-6#'*4d,"*?,#*96"5%&6#(*-#(&6#99%((#?,%-%"(*e+fE*#9*$6
9f*meE*e+fE*#9*$6*9f*meE*e+fE*#9*$6*9f*me*q*=&)5#'0"'*D*e+fE*#9*%g=90&%*5%((%*u0"%H9feE*e+fE*#9*'d#"'5&#(
-6"#F%'(%-%"(*46"'*5%((%*F#9#6(#0"H9feE*e+fE*0"*$0#(*>#%"*?,d#9*6*9,*ieE*e+fE*#9*,(#9#'%*(%9*(/=%*4%
&3)(0&#?,%eE*e+fE*#9*"0,'*%"(&6w"%*46"'*(%99%*4#-%"'#0"eE*%(5S
<0,&*F#9%&*96*-)(6=30&%*])0]&6=3#?,%E*#9*'d6]#&6E*=0,&*9%*9%5(%,&E*4%*50"'#4)&%&*,"*=%,
50--%*4%'*w9%'*5365,"%*4%*"0'*'0,'H=6&(#%'E*5%&(6#"%'*4d#5%99%'*w9%'*F6#'6"(*9d0>C%(*4d%'569%'
[f*56,'%*4%*"0(&%*#"56=65#()*f*"0,'*/*6((6&4%&*=9,'*90"](%-='^*%(*4d6,(&%'*")5%''#(6"(*,"%
=9,'*90"],%*%g=90&6(#0"S*M0,'*%'=)&0"'*6,''#*?,d,"%*$)&#(6>9%*56&(0]&6=3#%*4,*"0$6&#"#%"
'0#(*,"*C0,&*4&%'')%*D*0"*/*&%5%"'%&6#(*4%'*=6/'*-#53694#%"'*[P&0]"#'(6"Ê*4%'*&)]#0"'*%(*4%'
$#99%'*&)%99%'*[7""%-6''%E*86#"(*K(#%""%^*0,*#-6]#"6#&%'*[:96(#]"/H;9#46Ê*4%'*"0-'*4%*&,%'
F6&F%9,%'E*4%'*'(64%'E*4%'*3s=#(6,gE*4%'*,'#"%'E*4%'*]6&6]%'E*4%'*'(6(#0"'H'%&$#5%*[:#40"Ê
4%'*'(6(#0"'*4%*-)(&0*[8(6(#0"*O,"90=Ê*>&%F*(0,(*,"*-0"4%*]&0,#996"(*4%*$#%E*4Y3,-0,&*%(
4%*F6"(6#'#%E*&6==%96"(*5%&(6#"'*(6>9%6,g*4%*O,>,FF%(*[%(*?,d#9*'%&6#(*=6''#0""6"(*4d)(,4#%&*4%
=9,'*=&.'^S*<0,&*9d#"'(6"(E*6]&#==0"'H"0,'*40"5*6,g*-0('*50--%*f*4%'*>0,)%'*6F#"*?,%*96
(&6$%&')%*=,#''%*$&6#-%"(*50--%"5%&SSS
IIK&,%&5#(&"#55%&:W(%&T&5#'%$%)
OK&,%&5#(X9*$2-%
1V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
OKOK&,%&d#"(%1)&Y#)%*1
7=&.'*5%((%*(&0=*90"],%*%"(&)%*%"*-6(#.&%E*"0,'*4#&0"'*'0>&%-%"(*?,d#9*%g#'(%*f*"0(&%*6$#'
,"%*$)&#(6>9%*(&64#(#0"*9#(()&6#&%*4%*9d#"$%"(#0"*4%*-0('*46"'*96?,%99%*#9*'%->9%*?,%*'d#"'5&#$%
"0(&%*)5&#$6#"*=6&9)S*7#"'#E*5%&(6#"'*=&05)4)'E*=%&-%((6"(*4d%"*0>(%"#&*[&%5%"')'*"0(6--%"(
46"'*9%*V).(#/*0,*=6&*a,%"%6,*46"'*'%'*CA&)*$*&/'(&'/7S:&^*'0"(*,(#9#')'*=6&*9%*4&6-6(,&]%E
V
f*50--%"5%&*=6&*9%*-0(H$69#'%S*N%"$0/0"'*6,*<.)(.().**4%*P)&6&4*P%"%((% 0o*5%*4%&"#%&
6"69/'%*5%*?,d#9*"0--%*-0(H53#-.&%*[%"*=&0=0'6"(*f*'0"*(0,&*j*;$"#>,9)*kE*j*8(6&53#(%5(%*kE
j* <&0,'(#(,)%* kE* j* 7"6&53#$#'(%* kE* j* M)F6'(#4#%,g* kE* j* +)"#"#F#6"(* kE* j* G056'(&%* k* 0,
j*8696-6"4&6]0&%*k^*c*5%*?,#*&%''0&(*4%*5%((%*6==&053%E*5d%'(*?,%*9%*-0(H$69#'%*6*=&%'?,%
(0,C0,&'*,"*'%"'E*'0,$%"(*#&0"#?,%*[P%"%((%*=&0=0'6"(*-l-%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*-#"#H4#5(#0""6#&%
0o*F#],&%"(*4%'*4)F#"#(#0"'^S*;&E*M0$6&#"6*=&05.4%*(&.'*4#FF)&%--%"(E*"%*'%&6#(H5%*?,%*=6&5%
?,d#9*#"(.]&%*5%'*-0('*f*4%'*=#.5%'*q*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%*4#FF)&%"5%*f*"0(%&SSS
B0"(&6#&%-%"(*6,*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&*4%*j*9d64,9()&#%,&%-%"(*k*4,*K9#:$&)*?,#*)(6#(*(0,(*f*F6#(
=%"')*%(*-l-%*=9%#"*4%*'0,'H%"(%"4,'*[5#(0"'*%"50&%*9%*j*"6,')6>0"46"5%*k*4d7,4#>%&(#E
9%* j* -#&6>,9%&* k* 4%* B)9#"%E* 9%'* j* =3699,5#"6(#0"'* k* 4%* a,%"%6,* %(* 9%'* j* ',==9#5#6(#0"'* k
4d7&(6,4Ê* 0"* =%,(* %"* %FF%(* 50"'#4)&%&* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* )(,4#)* "%* '%* =0'%* C6-6#'* $&6#-%"(* 96
?,%'(#0"*4,*-0(H$69#'%*46"'*96*-%',&%*0oE*53%u*9,#*[?,#E*50--%*0"*$#%"(*4%*9%*$0#&E*'%*4#(
=6&9)E*(&6$%&')*=6&*96*=6&09%E*%(5SÊ*5%*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*96*&)F9%g#0"*F0&-%99%*%(*#"(%99%5(,%99%
?,#* =&)'#4%* f* 9d)5&#(,&%S* Bd%'(* 5%* ?,#* &%"4* 5%* ?,#* $6* ',#$&%E* 50"$%"0"'H%"E* ?,%9?,%* =%,
&#4#5,9%*q*#"'#'(0"'H/*D*"0,'*6$0"'*-l-%*50"'5#%"5%*4%*"dl(&%*=6'*(&.'*90#"*4d,"*50"(&%'%"'
F0"46-%"(69S
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* (%9* G)&0-%* :0'53* 5&)6"(* 4%'* -0"'(&%'* =6&* 6''05#6(#0"E* M0$6&#"6
'%->9%E*46"'*(0,(%'*'%'*=#.5%'E*'%5&)(%&*-#99%*-0('H$69#'%*(0,'*=9,'*0&#]#"6,g*9%'*,"'*?,%
9%'* 6,(&%'E* 9%* =9,'* (&0,>96"(* )(6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* 9dj* 0-"#-69* k* ?,d0"* 5&0#'%* "0(6--%"(* 46"'
45J)$0$8&')9#0&*%(*?,#*50"F0"4*%"*,"*-0(*9d30--%*%(*9d6"#-69E*(0,(*50--%*9%*F#(E*',&*'0"
w9%E*,"*5%&(6#"*O05(%,&*I0&%6,*[4)(6#9*)(&6"]%*D*0"*5&0#'%*,"*=%&'0""6]%*"0--)*j*O05(%,&
I0&%6,*f*96*=6]%*1XQ*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A^S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*G%6"H
<6(&#5%*B0,&(0#'*6#99%*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*"0'*&%-6&?,%'*=,#'?,d#9*)5&#(*46"'*,"*6&(#59%*D
S’il fabrique des monstres, c’est avec ce qu’il a […] : médicinin, mensurer,
musculassier. Le mot n’existe pas mais tout nous est familier […] : par exemple
médecin et médicinal se font médicinin […] toujours la greffe barbare résulte
d’une manipulation experte quand il ne s’agit pas même de barbarisme autogreffe
10
(mesurer/mensuration/mensurer).
7* "0(&%* (0,&E* 50"'(6(0"'* 5%5#* D* 96* 4#FF)&%"5%E* 4%* (6#99%E* %"(&%* M0$6&#"6* %(* ,"
-0$69#'%,&* 4%* (69%"(* 50--%* 9%* (&64,5(%,&* F&6"b6#'* 4%* N0694* O639* [5FS* j* )"%&],],''%E
(0,&>#$09(6"(E*56&6=6&(#&E*4)$0&6'(6(%,&E*56&6=6(6(%E*=&%'(0=#(%&E*-#&6>,9%,'%E*#--0"4#'',&%E
@@
* *
%g%5&6''%,g* k^* 46"'* 4&' =98' 0)9/' 0I.87*
* B* 5d%'(* ?,%E* (&.'* '0,$%"(E* 9%'* ")090]#'-%'
"0$6&#"#%"'*"%*$%,9%"(*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"*4#&%S*<0,&(6"(E*5&p"%-%"(E*"0,'*"0,'*&#'?,%&0"'*(0,(
4%*-l-%*[j*B%*40"(*0"*"%*=%,(*=6&9%&E*5d%'(*5%96*?,d#9*F6,(*4#&%*k^*f*6,'5,9(%&*(0,'*5%'*-0('
=0,&*$0#&*50--%*#9'*'0"(*F6#('S
V
**P)&6&4*P%"%((%E*<.)(.().*E*Z#5(#0"'*„*B#%E*%"(&)%*j*I0('*53#-.&%'*kE*I%'"#9H',&H9dK'(&)%E*K4#(#0"'*4,*8%,#9E*1AATS
10
&9%.:4;."'+<%&=*#'"*+>?&@&7'.A.+--%'&-%&A+$%&B?&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.F&7()G"'%>&$#&A%'H%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&0IJF
@@
**B0&&%'=0"46"5%*#"6((%"4,%*[5%(*0,$&6]%*)(6"(*4#'=0"#>9%*46"'*96*5099%5(#0"*Z09#0HG%,"%''%^*-6#'*'%*C,'(#F#6"(*=6&*96*(&.'*]&6"4%
=6&(*4d%"F6"5%*)]69%-%"(*50"(%",%*46"'*96*=&0=0'#(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%S
QA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
OKRK&,*&,1((%&'%-&5#/-()%O6"'* :* .' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* [4%'* -0&('* h* 4%'* -0('* h* 4%'* -0"'(&%'* hÊ* 50--%"b0"'* =6&
"0(%&*j*'6&>6?,%*k*[=S*W@QÊ*50-=&0-#'*%"(&%*>6&>6?,%*%(*'6&>656"%*-6#'*=0,$6"(*6,''#
l(&%*$,*50--%*6=050=6"(*'6&>656"%c*j*=0,>,9>%'*k*[=S*W@TÊ*-)96"]%*4%*>,9>%'*%(*4%
=0,>%99%'* c* j* '0,40/%"* k* [=S* QLAÊ* -l96"(* 40/%"* %(* '0,40/%&* c* j* &%-=#)5)* k* [=S* WT@Ê
5&0#'6"(*#"(%99#]%--%"(*&6=#)5)*%(*&%-=965)*%(*j*<s9s53s"%&#%'*k*[=S*QXLÊ*&%9#6"(*=090530"
%(*50530""%&#%'S
20,C0,&'*46"'*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*f*=6&(#&*4,*-0(*#"F#&-%*[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4,
-0(*#"F#&-#.&%Ê*0"*F0&-%&6*j*#"F#&-6(&#5%*k*[=S*WAU^*%(*j*R"F#&-69#b0"*k*[=S*XAW^*?,#*50"(#%"(
6,''#* 9#-6b0"E* 9%'* j* #"F%&-#.&%'* k* [=S* WA@^* )(6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* 4%'* #"F#&-#.&%'* %g%&b6"(* f* 96
56-=6]"%S*O%*-l-%E*&#4%6,*'%*$%&&6*&6==&053)*4d#4)6,g*%(*0"*0>(#%"4&6*j*&#4)6,g*k*[=S
WUWÊ*5%5#*=6&*0==0'#(#0"*6,g*-0#"'*=0)(#?,%'*j*&&#4%,g*k*[=S*QUT^*?,#*'d6==6&%"(%"(*,"*=%,
f*4%'*&#4%6,g*3#4%,gS*7,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*D*F90((%*[$0#&%*F#0((%^*%'(*-)96"])*f*'69'#F#'*%(*5%96
4)>0,53%*',&*j*'69'#F#0((%*k*[=S*WQ1^*c*j*>0,#F*k*[-0(*4)Cf*"0$6&#"#%"^*f*C0,#''6"5%*%(*5%96
40""%*j*:0,#''6"5%*k*[=S*QXLÊ*%(5S
:&%FE* 0"* 9%* 50"'(6(%E* 96* ")090]#%* "0$6&#"#%""%* %'(* ,"%* -653#"%* #-=9656>9%* [$0#&%E
=9,'* (&#$#69%-%"(* D* ,"%* 6FF6#&%* ?,#* (0,&"%^S* Bd%'(* ?,d#9* /* 6* 6,''#* 4%'* $%&>%'H$69#'%* c* 6#"'#E
j*'d%"&3,-%5(%&*k*[=S*XAA^*-)96"]%*'6"'*40,(%*'d%"&3,-%&*%(*3,-%5(%&*c*j*'d6==0=#"%&*k*[=S
WAQ^* D* 50=#"%&* %(* 'd650?,#"%&* c* j* 'd)=6"53%$%&* k* [=S* QLA^* D* 'd)=6"53%&* %(* 653%$%&* c
j* -)(&0"0-#?,%&* k* [=S* WWA^* D* -)(&0"0-%* %(* 50--,"#?,%&* c* j* 6''6''6#]"%&* k* [=S* WVX^* D
'6#]"%&*%(*6''6''#"%&*c*j*6FF%5(,%&*k*[=S*QUL^*D*6FF%5(*%(*%FF%5(,%&S*O6"'*j*(&3p(&l&%*k*[=S*W11^
%"F#"E*#9*/*6*50--%*,"*(3)p(&%*$0956"#?,%*[5FS*5&6(.&%'^*?,#*'%->9%*]&0"4%&E*5%*?,%*&%"4&6#(
>#%"*9d%g596-6(#F*%(*%g=&%''#F*j*2&3p(&l&%*m*k
K"* F6#(E* 0"* "d0'%* =6'* (&0=* #"(%&=&)(%&* q* '#"0"E* 0"* 4#&6#(* $0#&* 4%'* C%,g* 9,4#50H
'%g,%9'* 46"'* j* <s9s53s"%&#%'* kE* 4%'* 6''6''#"6('* =6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(* '6"]96"('* 46"'
j*6''6''6#]"6]%'*k*[?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*F6#&%*4)&#$%&*4dj*6''6''6#]"%&*kÊ*,"*$#%,g*-6FF#%,g*46"'
j*'0,40/%"*kE*,"%*#"F#&-#.&%*=&)=0')%*f*9d655,%#9*[%(*f*9d#"F0&-6(#0"^*46"'*j*#"F#&-6(&#5%*kE*,"
5%&5,%#9*(&.'*5&%,g*?,#*655,%#99%*,"%*5&6#%*[6/6"(*F0"5(#0"*4%*59%F*=0,&*%"(&%&*46"'*96*-0&(*h^
46"'*9d#"?,#)(6"(*j*5&)59%,#9*k*[=S*QWXÊ*%(5E*%(5S
OKUK&Z2'E$2(E&T&$*&4201)%
O6"'* 4&* <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* '#]"690"'* j* (6=6C0,'* k* [=S* 1QA^* q* ?,#* =0,&&6#(
)$0?,%&* 4%'* '6=6C0,'* (6=6C%,&'* %(* (6=0(%,&'* 4%* C0,%'* q* %(* j* =6(6(&6F%* k* [=S* Q@@^* ?,#
',]].&%*=%,(Hl(&%*96*53,(%*[<6(6(&6'*m^*4d,"*=6&6]&6=3%S*O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0"*#&6*6,
j*'/'()-6(0]&6=3%*k*[=S*@1TÊ*0"*5&0#'%&6*,"%*'0&(%*4%*4#6>)(#?,%*3)>)()*[5FS*j*J)>)(#?,%*k
f*96*=6]%*@@VÊ*4%'*56&"6''#%&'*'6&56'(#?,%'*[5FS*9%'*j*G%,"%'*86&56''#%&'*k*4%*96*=6]%
1V@Ê*,"*-6(3)-6(#5#%"*-6&(/&*[5FS*j*I6&(3/-6(#5#%&*kE*f*96*=6]%*1LAÊ*4%'*j*;&#F%''%'k*q
5&0#'%-%"(*#-=&0>6>9%*4%*F%''%'*%(*4d0&#F96--%'*[f*96*=6]%*VW^*q*%(*,"*4)"0--)*j*G%6"
7"?,#99%*k*-)96"(*6"],#99%*%(*C0"?,#99%*c*9%*=090530"*/*'%&6*=p9#530"*46"'*j*<09#530"*k*[=S
1@W^*%(*96*56]%*D*j*$0&65#?,%*k*[=S*1AW^S*7''05#)'E*405(%,&'*%(*40,(%*40""%"(*j*40,(%,&'*k*[=S
@UT^*(6"4#'*?,%*9d64C%5(#F*j*#"F%g%*k*46"'*j*>0,#99#%*#"F%g%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1@T^*-l9%*#"F%5(*%(
#"F%5(#0"E*5%5#*%"*(%"6"(*50-=(%*4%*96*=&0"0"5#6(#0"*=30")(#?,%*[5FS*j*#"F%g#0"*k^S*a,6"(*f
j*B36-0&5#"%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1TUÊ*#9*'%->9%*C,-%9%&*=6&*,"*-l-%*-0(*9%'*$#99%'*4%*I0&u#"%
%(*4%*B36-0"#gS
:&%FE* 0"* 9d6,&6* 50-=&#'* D* 90&'?,%* M0$6&#"6* ,(#9#'%* ,"%* F#],&%E* #9* "%* 96* 96#''%* C6-6#'
(0->%&* %(* 'd#9* 6* -0#"'* &%50,&'* 6,* -0(H$69#'%* 46"'* 9%'* =#.5%'* ?,#* ',#$%"(* 4.' 4#77&' (&/
?9)7/E*#9*'d%"*'%&$#&6*(0,(*4%*-l-%*%"50&%*4%*(%-='*%"*(%-='*c*46"'*D.:/7.E&*=6&*%g%-=9%
Q@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
6$%5*"6&50(#?,%*%(*6509/(%*40"(*9d6''05#6(#0"*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*50"'5#%"(%*=0,&&6#(*%g=9#?,%&
9d6==6&#(#0"*4%*j*"6&509/(%*k*[=S*XUA^*c*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*0"*6,&6*8=6&(65,'*%(
'(&6(6].-%*?,#E*6''05#)'E*'%->9%"(*40""%&*j*8=6&(6].-%*k*[$(&?*=0,&*-#99#0"'*%(*-/&#64%'
?,#*40""%"(*j*-/&#0"'*kÊ*%(*0"*(&0,$%&6*4d6,(&%'*")090]#'-%'*4%*5%*(/=%*46"'*9%'*r,$&%'
',#$6"(%'*D
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*D*=3&6'%*…*Z&6"5%*†*j*=3&6"''%*k*[=S*WQA^*c*=9,&#%9*[0,
=9,&69#()^*…*-,9(#(,4%*†*j*=9,&#(,4%*k*[=S*XA@^*c*96>0,&*…*96>0&#%,g*†*j*I0"'#%,&
+6>0,&#%,g*k*[=S*QUQÊ*4)=#()*…*3s=#(69*†*j*4)=w(69*k*[=S*W@1Ê*0&#F#5%*…*0FF#5#%&*†
j*0&#F#5#%&*k*[=S*W1AÊ*>#4,9%*…*>,9>%*†*j*:,4,9>%*k*[=S*QAWÊ*&)(&065(#F*…*&)>6&>6(#F*†
j*&)(&0>6&>6(#F*k*[=S*XLÊ*"6&50'%*…*6&s-%*†*j*"6&5s-%*k*[=S*XLÊ*&)=)(#(#0"*[\
&)=)(#(%,&^*…*$#'#(%,&*[\$#'#(6(#0"^*†*j*&)=)(#$#'#(6(%,&*k*[=S*QQ@^S
O6"'*F&'/#$/*D*=6&699)90]&6--%*…*=%&=9%g%*†*j*<6&699)90=%&=9%g%*k*[=S
X1^*c*&)=0"4&%*…*=%"46#'0"*†*j*&)=0"46#'0"*k*[=S*QX^*c*3,-#9#()*…*'09#(,4%*†
j*3,-#9#(,4%*k*[=S*@@LÊ*0,#*…*>#]&%*†*j*0,#]&%*k*[=S*QQÊ*6>0"4%&*†*96"5%&*[\>696"5%&^*†
j*6>0"4696"b6#'*k*[=S*WU^S
O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*D*4)(69%&*…*>6]6]#'(%*†*j*O)(696]#'(%*k*[=S*WW^*c
I/&-#40"'[\-/&#64%'^*…*-#99#6&4'*†*j*-#&-#4#99#6&4'*k*[=S*TX^*c*4)=%&4#(#0"*…
=%&5,''#0"*†*j*4)=%&5,''#0"*k*[=S*UQÊ*5#&5,96(#0"*…*0&6(%,&*[0,*j*(d6,&6'*(0&(*k^*†
j*5#&5,96(0&6(%,&*k*[=S*WAÊ*J,&9,*[\3,&9%&^*…*+,5#%""%†*j*J,&9,5#%""%*k*[`SaSE*=S*TU^S
O6"'*4&'L+IM7)&'(&/'%.)9:&/*D*53#&,&]#%"*…*53#%&*†*j*53#&,&53#%&*k*[OSOS+SZSE
=S*QX^*c*#"6"#-)*…*6#-%&*†*j*#"6"6#-)*k*[OSOS+SZSE*=S*QX^*c*6)&%&*…*)$#(%&*†
j*6)$#(%&*k*[OSOS+SZSE*=S*TA^*c*6FF6>,9%&*…*F6>,9%,'%*†*6FF6>,9%,'%*[OSOS+SZSE*=S*QA^*c
69].>&%*…*'59)&0')'*[0,*")5&0')'^*†*j*69])>&0')%'*k*[<S+SZSE*=S*@QV^*c*=3699,'*…
3699,5#"6(#0"*†*j*=3699,5#"6(%,&'*k*[<S+SZSE*=S*@WAÊ*$)905#=)4#'(%*…*=6&9%,&*†
j*$)905#=6&9%,&*k*[<S+SZSE*=S*@WT^S
O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*D*>0,&&#?,%'*…*90,$%*[0,*=9,(s(*j*+0,$&%'*k^*†
j*:0&#?,690,$&%'*[=S*TV^*c*(&6"'#*[0,*(&6"'#(%&^*…*3/==0=0(6-%*†*j*(&6"'#=0(6-%*k*[=S
@AA^*c*56(6F69?,%*…*F%"4&%*†*j*56(6F6"4&%*k*[=S*@X^*c*0>'(&,%&*[0>'(&,5(#0"*0,
0>'()(&#?,%^*…*4)",)'*†*j*0>'(&#",%&*k*[=S*11^SS
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*D*4)'%'=0#&*…*%'=65%*†*j*4)'%'=65%*k*[=S*@XX^*c*F,'#99%&*…
=)(#(#0""%&*†*j*Z,'#(#0""%u*k*[=S*QL^*c*<%,=9%*…*5)(65)'*[$0#&%*5,5,&>#(65)^*†
j*<%,=904#(65)'*k*[=S*QT^*c*40&-#&*…*j*I#6-*k*[$0#&%*-#6'-%'^*†*j*40&-#p-%'*k*[=S
WV^*c***56"69*…*09)04,5*†*j*56"6904,5*k*[=S*U1^S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*D*(3,&#F)&6#&%*…*()9)=3)&#?,%*†*j*(3,&#F)&#?,%*k**[=S*QU^*c*-0(%,&*…
9050-0(#0"**†*j*9050-0(%,&*k*[=S*@VW^*c*B3&0"0'*…*53%"#99%*†*j*53&0"#99%*k*[=S*V1^
O6"'*4.'K*G8&*D*4#'=6&6w(&%*[$0#&%*j*4#'=6(53%&*k^*…*'d)=6&=#99%&*†*j*4#'=6&=#99%uH
$0,'*m*k*[=S*@AAÊ*B0"F#(,&%*[0,*B0"F#(%0&^*…*B0"F0&6-6*†*j*B0"F#(0&6-6*k*[=S*@U^S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*D*>696/)*…*6''0--)*†*j*>696''0--)*k*[=S*1@^*c
$6=%,&*…*=0&0'#()*†*j*$6=0&0'#()*k*[=S*QQ^*c*-#5&0=&05%''%,&*…*=&0-,9],%&*†
j*-#5&0=&0-,9],%&*k*[=S*VU^*c*4)'3,-6"#')*…*3,-6"#()*†*j*O)'3,-6"#()*k*[=S
1T^*c*643)&6"5%*…*6>)&6(#0"*†*j*643)&6(#0"*k*[=S*XU^*c*50,(z-%*…*50"(,-65%*D
j*50,(,-6''%*k*[=S*UQ^S
O6"'* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%* =#.5%E* 0,(&%* j* x0&/n* k* q* 40"(* 9d0&(30]&6=3%* %'(* 6"0&-69%* %(* ?,d0"
=0,&&6#(*$0#&*50--%*,"*-0(H$69#'%*[0"*4#&6*=9,'*(6&4*%"*?,0#^*qE*0"*6*-l-%*9%*56'*4d,"*-0(H
$69#'%*',]])&)*46"'*96*=3&6'%*j*Gd6#-%*-0"*F#9'E*#9*%'(*")*4d-0"*0&#F#5%*k*q*'0#(*D*j*0&#F#9'*kS
B%((%*F#4)9#()*f*96*F#],&%*"%*50"5%&"%*=6'*?,%*5%99%H9f*c*(0,(%'*'%&0"(*=%,*0,*=&0,*&%50"4,#(%'
%(* F%&0"(* &%(0,&* b6* %(* 9fE* "%* &#%"* 96#''%&* (0->%&* )(6"(* ,"* 4%'* 6'=%5('* F0"46-%"(6,g* 4,
F0"5(#0""%-%"(*4%*9d)5&#$6#"*q*'6"'*=6&9%&*4%*-0$69#'6(#0"'*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%'E*0"*6*-l-%
Q1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
4%'*")090]#'-%'*46"'*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7*[j*4)'#409#'%&*kE*j*4)'6]#&*kE*j*3/=%&9#(,&]#%*k
%(*j*$&6#'%->96>9%&#%*k^S
OKVK&Y#(-&%/&"#/(%/*/(&:$1-2%1)R9*/*6*46"'*9%*56'*?,%*"0,'*6990"'*)$0?,%&*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*'=)5#F#5#()*"0$6&#"#%""%*c*56&E*'#*9%
-0(H$69#'%*'%*F0&-%*%"*])")&69*f*=6&(#&*4%*4%,g*(%&-%'E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*53%u*9,#E*5%*"%*'0#(
=6'*(0,C0,&'*'#*)$#4%"(S*R9*F6,(*9d#"4#?,%&*=0,&*j*B090-"0''%*k*[5FS*5090''%E*5090""%E*-090''%
$0#&%*"0"0''%Ê*j*0&#F#5#%9*k*[5FS*0&#F#5%E*0FF#5#%9*%(\0,*6&(#F#5#%9Ê*j*N.]9%-%"'0"]%*k*[5FS*&.]9%\
&.]9%-%"(E*'0"]%*%(*-%"'0"]%^*%(*j*-6(3%&-6(#5#%&'*k*[5FS*(3%&-%'E*-6(3'*%(*-6(&#5%^*%(
0"*9%*$%&&6*=0,&*j*=09#53#%&'*k*[5FS*53#%&E*=09#5%*%(*<09#53#"%99%^*-6#'*5%*"%*'0"(*=6'*9%'*'%,9'
%g%-=9%'*=0''#>9%'*q*9%*=&0>9.-%*=0')*=6&*"0(&%*j*4)50&=6]%*k*'/'()-6(#?,%*)(6"(*>#%"
'z&* ["0,'* %"* '0--%'* 50"'5#%"('^* ,"%* 5%&(6#"%* ',>C%5(#$#()E* 96* -)(304%* ,(#9#')%* )(6"(* ,"
=%,E*46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%E*5%99%*4%*+,56'*4)50&(#?,6"(*9%*-0(*j*=6''#0"")-%"(*k*0,*4%*:&#''%(
'd#"(%&&0]%6"(*',&*"0'*0&#]#"%'*%"*?,%'(#0""6"(*9%*F&6"b6#'*q*-6#'*0"*'6#(*?,%*O%&&#46E*46"'
'0"*&6==0&(*6,*-0(*[#"$%"()*0,*=6'Ê*6$6#(*=6&F0#'*,"*F0"5(#0""%-%"(*'#-#96#&%S
7#"'#E*46"'*9d64C%5(#F*j*4)],#"]96"4)*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@LVÊ*4)]#"]6"4)E*]96"4%*%(*4)]9#"],%
"0,'* '%->9%"(* 'dl(&%* 40"")* &%"4%uH$0,'S* O6"'* j* =,&#]0,#""6"(* k* [+SISE* =S* QWXÊ* #9* /* 6
50--%*,"%*=,&)%*4%*=#"]0,#"'*50,#"6"('*%(*9%*$056>9%*j*86=0&9)0-6&4%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@T^
"0,'* =6&6w(* 50"(%"#&* ,"* '6=%,&E* ,"* =0&5* %(* ,"* 9)0=6&4* f* 96* -0,(6&4%* (6"4#'* ?,d;9#$#%&
@1
O,>0,59%u* $0#(*46"'*j*86=09)0"*k*[-0(*6''%u*=&053%^*9d699#6"5%E*=%,(Hl(&%*0g/-0&#?,%E
4%*K.%$&8/*%(*4%*M6=09)0"S*a,6"(*6,g*j*5/590-0(%,&'*)>/>&653)5)")(#5#%"'*k*[OS`SE*=S
WVÊ*'%&6#%"(H#9'*%"F0,&53)%'*=6&*4d3/>&#4%'*])")(#5#%"'*6/6"(*4%'*>&6"53#%'*',&*9%'*>&6'*f
56,'%*4d,"%*%g=)&#%"5%*?,#*6,&6#(*-69*(0,&")*h
j*B36&>6"40""0"'*k*[OS`SE*=S*LV^*'%->9%E*9,#E*50"(%"#&*536&>0"E*6&>&%*%(*6>6"40"*$0#&%
6>6"40""%&*-6#'*#9*'d6]#(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*4d%"*F#"#&*6$%5*,"*536->6&4%-%"(*?,#*"d6""0"5%
&#%"*4%*>0"*q*?,%*4,*536&40"*%(*4,*536&>0"S*O6"'*j*5#&50"F#)*k*[OS`SE*=S*VUÊ*0"*%"(%"4
5#&50"F)&%"5%E* F#%&* c* 50"F#%&E* 5#&50"F9%g%E* 5#&50"'(6"5#)* $0#&%* 5#&50"F%''#0"* [5FS* O%&&#46^* %(
46"'*j*50->#"6(#0"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@UTÊ*0"*%"(%"4*50->#"6#'0"E*50->#"%*%(*-653#"6(#0"S
O%*-l-%E*#9*'%->9%*?,d0"*'%*&)=6"4%*%"*&#&%'*46"'*j*&)=6"4&#&%"(*k*[BS*JSE*=S*1TUÊ
?,d,"*96>0,&%,&*50=,96"(*-6"#=,9%*,"*(&0,*46"'*j*(&0,=,96(%,&*k*[BSJSE*=S*1TQ^*0,*?,d,"
#"])"#%,&*"#6#'*'d#"])"#%*f*"#%&*?,d#9*"#%*D*5d%'(*9dk*#"])"#6#'%,&*k*4%*96*=6]%*QQA*[$8*BSJS^S
a,6"(*6,*j*=30'=36]#'(%*kE*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*536,FF6]#'(%*=30'=30&0=36]%*[5FS*BSJSE*=S
QAV^S* O6"'* j* =0(6,F#.&%* k* [BSJSE* =S* QWÊ* 0"* %"(%"4* 5%&(%'* =0(%6,* %(* F#.&%* -6#'* =%,(Hl(&%
6,''#* =0(* 6,* F%,* %(* -0"(]09F#.&%* c* 46"'* j* 0=#0=(#-#"#6(#'%,&* k* [BSJSE* =S* QQAÊ* 0"* %"(%"4
0=#,-E*0=(#-#'(%E*-#"#6(,&%*%(*-6]")(#'%,&*(6"4#'*?,%*j*404)9,&]#%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AL^*&),"#(
'#4)&,&]#%E* 404)* 4%* 404)56* %(* 40,9%,&* 4%* 9d,&]%"5%S* 86$6"(E* b6* $6E* 6$6"#%E* 6>0-#"6>9%E
40-#"0E*96$6>0E*-#"6,4%&E*40,9%,&*%(*9,#&%*'d%"(%"4%"(*46"'*j*'d6$6>0-#"0409,#(*k*[`SaSE
=S* QA^* S* +%'* -0('* 4)5)4)'E* 5)4#99%* %(* 5,9(,&%* 'd6''05#%"(* =0,&* F0&-%&* j* 4)5)4#5,9(,&%* k
46"'*:*&*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&'[=S*@T^S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*1TÊ*0"*5&0#'%
,"*50-6"53%*4,*4#-6"53%*=0&(6"(*,"%*'65053%*D*5d%'(*G%6"*8650-6"53%*q*ef*>#%"*F6#&%e
'%*=&)'%"(6"(*50--%*,"%*',#(%*90]#?,%*[f*-0#"'*?,%*G%6"*'0#(*'%5*6,g*-6"53%'^S*O6"'
j* G056''#%&* k* [GSNSE* =S* Q@^* '%* (&0,$%* ,"* C0n%&* 56&"6''#%&* C656''6"(* 6$%5* * G056'(%* %(* 9%
536"(%,&*B3904065&%*[GSNSE*=S*TA^*%'(*50--%*,"*59040*#'',*4d,"*5906?,%*-6#'*?,d0"*=6''%
6,*5390&%*%(*?,#*'%*-%(*f*536"(%&S
O%'* =#.5%'* %"50&%* =9,'* &)5%"(%'* '%&0"(* )]69%-%"(* 50"5%&")%'E* %(* "0(6--%"(
456*7&' $8*988#* 6$%5* 9%'* -0('* ',#$6"('* D* j* 404)596-,"#(6#&%* k* [=S* 1T^* 0o* 9d0"* %"(%"4
@1
**;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%uE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.B':.'%+S/$"#&'(#'@).?&E*+%'*<&%''%'*4,*&)%9E*O#C0"Ha,%(#]"/E*Q#.-%*(&#-%'(&%*1AAXE*=S*ULS
QQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
404)56=30"#?,%E*4)-,"#E*,"#(6#&%*%(*4)596-%&*c*j*O05(%,&*`#096''0"*k*[=S*WV^*D*$#09%E*$#09%"(E
$#09%(\$#096'')E* $#09E* 6''%uE* 96''0E* -0996''0"* c* j* 5646$&6''%&* k* [=S* @11^* D* 5646\5646$&%E
6''%uE*5&%$6''%&E*&l$6''%&*c*j*>69>,5#"#64%'*k*[=S*@TQ^*D*>69>,(#%&E*&6(#05#"6(#0"E*536&6>#6E
6&9%?,#"64%*c*j*>6>096]%*k*D*>6>#9E*>6>#09%E*>6$6&46]%E*>6->053%E*>6->0,96E*56&&%96]%E
56&6->096]%* c* j* &%5(6"(#(,4,9,4#"6#&%* k* D* &%5(6"],96#&%E* (,>,96#&%E* (,>,9,&%E* &%5(#(,4%E
$69)(,4#"6#&%*c*j*$#'#=0&(#0"'*k*D*$#'#>9%'E*‚#'#]0(('E*=0&(#0"'*c*j*'05#)(0(0(090],%*k*[=S*@@1^*D
'05#)()E*90]0'E*20(0E*(6,(090]#%*c*j*()9)9)$#9#>#9#'.&%"(*k*[=S*W1^*D*$#'#>#9#()E*#--0>#9#')E*$#9E*$#99%E
$#'#.&%E*9#'#.&%E*9dR'.&%E*#>#4E*()9)$#')S*a,6"(*f*j*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*P#]04%(*k*[=S*@UWÊ*5d%'(*,"
]#]0(*?,#*]#]0(%*%(*?,#*>0#(*4%'*]04%('S
!"*-0(E*%"F#"E*6""0"5%&6*=6&F6#(%-%"(*96*=6&(#%*?,#*$6*',#$&%*D*5d%'(E*46"'*4.'K*G8&
[=S*@A1^*j*K,&0>/'"%''96"4*k*?,#*4#(*596#&%-%"(*9%*>,(*4%*]&0''%'*-653#"%'*50--%*K,&0
O#'"%/**%(*O#'"%/*+6"4E*f*'6$0#&*D*F6#&%*4,*j*>/'"%''*kE*$056>9%*&))5&#(*f*96*F6b0"*4%*a,%"%6,
[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"%*"0,$%6,*-0(H$69#'%*-)96"(*>,'#"%''*%(*O#'"%/E*9%*/*6/6"(
)()*50"'%&$)^S
OKcK&?/&)%/4#)"%5%/(&'1&-%/B6'*'#]"69)*5#H6$6"(E*9%*$%&>%*j*'d%"&3,-%5(%&*k*'%->9%*',]])&%&*9d3,-#4#F#56(#0"*4d,"*"%u
?,#*50,9%E*=3)"0-."%*50,&6"(*90&'?,d0"*%'(*%"&3,-)S*O%*-l-%*?,6"4*0"*'d650?,#"%*6$%5
?,%9?,d,"E*5d%'(*?,%*5%9,#H5#*4%$#%"(*50--%*,"*50=6#"*=0,&*$0,'*q*4d0o*96*=%&(#"%"5%*4,
$%&>%*j*'d6==0=#"%&*k*[=9,(s(*F0&-)*f*=6&(#&*4%*50=#"%*%(*4%*50=#"%&^S*j*O,&%5(#0"*k*[+SISE
=S*X11Ê*9,#E*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*,"%*)&%5(#0"*>#%"*4,&%*?,#*"0,'*#"4#?,%*#-=)&#%,'%-%"(
,"%*'0&(%*4%*4#&%5(#0"E*,"%*%'=.5%*4%*-6&53%*f*',#$&%S*+%*j*(&0,96>0,&6(%,&*k*4%*:*567&:$&)
;9:.87*[=S*@QL^*)$0?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*9%'*(&0,'*56,')'*=6&*9%*96>0,&*4d,"*96>0,&%,&H(&0,>640,&
&%''%->96"(*,"*=%,*f*9d6,(%,&*5&%,'6"(*'0"*'#990"*46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%S
Z0&-)* '6"'* 40,(%* f* =6&(#&* 4%* 9d6"]96#'* q* =6&F0#'* =9,'* [,^=%&5,(6"(* ?,%* 9%* F&6"b6#'* q
j* 3,=%&5,(%&* k* [OS7SE* =S* VX^* =%&-%(* 4%* &%"F0&5%&* 9%* '%"'* 4,* $%&>%* F&6==%&* (6"4#'* ?,%
j*|>696''0--%&}*k*[7SRSE*=S*1@^*',]].&%*,"*6''0--%-%"(*',#$#*C,'(%*6=&.'*4d,"*>696/6]%
4%'*-#%((%'*?,#*&%'(%"(S*K$0?,)'*=&)5)4%--%"(E*9%'*j*-/&#0"'k*%(*9%'*j*-#&-#4#99#6&4'*k
'd6==9#?,%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*,"*53#FF&%*6'(&0"0-#?,%*[5FS*-/&#64%'*4%*-#99#0"'*%(*-/&#64%'*4%
-#99#6&4'^S*7==9#?,)%*f*j*(&0"53%*kE*9d6''05#6(#0"*'56&#F#)%\'6&50=36]%*'%->9%*4)>0,53%&
',&*j*'6&50=3#)%*kS*j*+d6$6"#&*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*Q@UÊ*?,#*50"C,],%*6$%"#&*%(*6$6"#%E*"d6""0"5%
=6'* 4%'* 9%"4%-6#"'* ?,#* 536"(%"(* c* 6,(&%'* $#'#0"'* F0&(* '0->&%'* D* 5%9,#* 4d,"* ')=,95&%
?,#* '%->9%* &%"F0&5)* =6&* 96* "0(#0"* 4%* 5&)=,'5,9%* [=0,9=%* %(* =0,65&%* "d)(6"(* =6'* 90#"^
=&)'%"(%*46"'*9d#"?,#)(6"(*j*B&)=0,95&%*k*[+SISE*=S*QU1^*%(*4d,"*>0,?,%(*4%*-#"#H5%&5%,#9'
5%,#99#'*f*9d0556'#0"*4d,"%*5%,#99%((%*f*56&65(.&%*-0&>#4%*46"'*j*B%&5,/%((0"'*kS*a,6"(*6,
j*56(6F0"4*kE*?,#*50"F0"4*F0"4*%(*56(650->%'*[+SISE*=S*X1WÊ*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*,"*%"4&0#(
56$%&"%,g*0o*+6u6&%*(0,53%*9%*F0"4S
7,(&%'*$056>9%'*-0&>#4%'*D*,"%*F0#'*9dj*6''6''6#]"6]%*k*6550-=9#*[9%*'6"]*4%*<090"#,'
6/6"(* j* (p53)* 9%'* &&#4%,g* kE* %(5S^* $#%"(* 9%* =&0>9.-%* 6''%u* "0$6&#"#%"* 4,* 50&='* ?,#* $6
&%'(%&*c*9%*j*4)50&=6]%*k*[+SISE*QU@Ê*?,#*',]].&%*9%*4)50,=6]%*4d,"*50&='E*'%*=&)'%"(%
50--%*,"*4)>,(*4%*'09,(#0"S*<0,&&0"(*(0,(%F0#'*&%$%"#&*"0,'*36"(%&*"0'*j*6"()4)5%''%,&'
4)F,"('* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1QVÊ* ?,#* '0"(* =6&* 9%* F6#(* 9%'* 4)5)4)'* ?,#* "0,'* =&)5.4%"(E* 5d%'(* f
4#&%* 4%'* j* =&)4)5)46"('* k* [OS7SE* =S* @1L^* $0#&%* 4%'* j* =&)4)5)4)'* k* [OS7SE* =S* XQ^* 0,* 4%'
j*=&)4)5%''6"('*k*[OS*7SE*=S*@TQ^*?,#*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%'*=&)4)5%''%,&'*6/6"(*5%'')*4dl(&%S
+d%g=&%''#0"* j* 96"],%* -6(#%&"%99%* k* [+SISE* =S* QW1^* &%"4* %"50&%* =9,'* 50"5&.(%E* 536&"%99%E
-6()&#%99%*96*96"],%*-6(%&"%99%*#5#*6''05#)%*6,*(%&&%6,*"6(69*$0#&%*6,*(%&&0#&*4%'*0&#]#"%'S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*j*")5&0=,'5,9%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAL^*?,#*6''0->&#(*(%&&#>9%-%"(*96*",#(S*K"F#"E
9%* j* -,'5,96''#%&* k* =0#"()* [$0#&* =9,'* 36,(^* =6&* G%6"H<6(&#5%* B0,&(0#'* &%"F0&5%* =%,(Hl(&%
QW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
-,'59)* E* -,'5,9%,g* %"* )$0?,6"(* 4d%->9)%* 4%'* e-,'59%'* %"* 65#%&eS* Md0,>9#0"'* =6'* 9%
j* >&6"4#* ]0,90(* 4%'* (&0,]90,(0"'* k* 4,* H989:90#&' (56().?&:&*+* ["0,$%99%* )4SE* =S* XT^* D
'%&#0"'H"0,'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d6&536{?,%'*(&0]904/(3%'*(&0=*]90,(0"'*'%*&%-=9#''6"(*96*=6"'%
%(*>,$6"(*50--%*4%'*(&0,'*h
R9* /* 6* 4%'* 56'* 0o* 9%* '%"'* 4,* -0(* "d%'(* =6'* &%"F0&5)* -6#'* &%=&)5#')* c* 6#"'#E
9%* j$%&()>&#"6#&%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @1X^* '%* =&)'%"(%* 50--%* ,"* $)()&#"6#&%* '=)5#69#')
46"'* 9%'* $%&(l>&%'S* O%* -l-%E* &)=0"4&%* (&.'* $#(%* 50&&%'=0"4* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,* '%"'* 4%
j* &)=0"4,&]%&* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1UÊ* ,"* =%,* 50--%* 'd#9* ,&]%6#(* 4%* &)=0"4&%S* a,6"(* f
j*'090-#"#(,4%*k*[;SNSE*=S*1UÊ*"%*40""%&6#(H#9*=6'*96*-%',&%*4%*96*'09#(,4%*#--%"'%*4d,"
30--%*C0,6"(*%"*'090*%(*'%*'%"(6"(*-#",'5,9%*F65%*f*9d#--%"'#()*4,*-0"4%*h
OKqK&J)E-%/"%&'%&$*&e2B$%
O6"'* 4&' H989:90#&' (56().?&:&*+E* 9%* "0-* >#>9#?,%* 4dj* 74&6-)9%53* k* '%->9%* F6#&%
9d0>C%(* 4%* -0$69#'6(#0"'* 4#$%&'%'* %(* $6&#)%'* [)]69%-%"(* =0#"()%'* =6&* K,]."%* M#509%^* D
46"'*k*74&6-)0"*kE*#9*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6''05#)*f*")0"*[$0#&%*f*I%-"0"^*c*46"'*j*74&6-)9#0"*kE
f* 9#0"* [0,* f* 6-)9#0&%^* c* 46"'* j* 7]96>640"* k* f* ]96'* %(* f* 6>6"40"E* >6990"E* >646,4* 0,
56>6"0"*c*%(*46"'*j*74&6-)90"*kE*f*-%90"*0,*6*56-)9)0"E*5%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*"0,'
F6#&%*=6&04#%&*J,]0*=0,&*6FF#&-%&*D*O)Cf*74&6-)90"*=%&b6#(*'0,'*74&6-69)9%53E*(6"(*9%*-0(
=0&(6#(*%"*9,#*4%*-)(6-0&=30'%'S*B%96*50"(#",%*-l-%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*@@L^*6$%5
j*74&6-656&"65#%"*k*46"'*9%?,%9*j*74&6-)9%53*k*'%->9%*5s(0/%&*4%'*53#%"'*56&"6''#%&'
%(\0,*6564)-#5#%"'S*7C0,(0"'*=0,&*F#"#&*?,%*G%6"HB96,4%*<%&&#"*q*46"'*j*!"%*$0#g*%"(&6$6#9*D
@Q
+%*-0"090],%*4d74&6-)9%53*k* *4#(*$0#&*,"*-0(H$69#'%*46"'*j*7>9#>69%53*k*D*74&6-)9%53*…
@W
>6>#9*[6$%5*6"6]&6--%*>6>#9\>9#>6^*%(*9#&%*46"'*j*74&6-)9,''%*k *96*j*50"'(&,5(#0"*4d,"
%FF%(*4d6''0"6"5%*%(*4%*50"4%"'6(#0"*D*-)9*…*&%4&%''%*…*4,*5,9*D*-)9,''%*k*q*46"'*,"*-l-%
0&4&%* 4d#4)%E* 9%* j* :)3)-0(3* 4,* :%9u)>,(3* k* 4,* <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/* [=S* 1@@^
50"(#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*j*:%99%*=,(%*f*u0>*k*-%"(#0"")%*=%,*6=&.'S
7,(&%*56'*4%*&%(&6$6#9*f*=6&(#&*4d,"%*F#],&%*>#>9#?,%*D*9%*j*&%=(6(*k*4,*&%=(#9%*=&6(#?,6"(
96* &%=(6(#0"E* 40"(* K$%* %'(* 96* =&0#%* %(* ?,#* ',>#(* 4%'* -,%'* 4#$%&'%'* 46"'* 4&' H989:90#&
(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%*)4SE*=S*1L^*D*j*'%=(6(*kE*j*'%g(6(*kE*j*&%=(6"(*kE*j*&%=(,'*kS*O6"'
j* 86(6"4)09* k* [40"(* "0,'* &%=6&9%&0"'Ê* O#%,* %(* 86(6"* '%->9%"(* "%* F6#&%* ?,d,"* %(* 46"'
j* 'p(p"6=%,=9%* k* [;SRSE* =S* @TLÊ* 9%* 4#6>9%* %'(* 46"'* 9%* =%,=9%E* '%* 50"F0"4* 6$%5* 9,#* D* 5d%'(
,"*'6(6")*=%,=9%*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*,"*=%,=9%*'6(6"#?,%E*#"])&6>9%*%(*46"]%&%,gS*a,6"(
f*B&,5#F%&*[OS`SE*=S*1U@Ê*5d%'(*,"*#"?,#)(6"(*0g/-0(H$69#'%*-l96"(*+,5#F%&*%(*B&,5#F#g*-6#'
)$0?,6"(*6,''#*96*5&,5#$%&>#%S
7,(&%* 56'* )(&6"]%* 4%* -)96"]%* [$8* 4.' K*G8&^* f* &6==&053%&* 4,* -0(H$69#'%* D* j* NSMS
TTT*kE*0o*9%*F6-%,g*53#FF&%*4,*O#6>9%*%'(*&6==&053)*4,*"0-E*#5#*F&6"5#')E*4d,"%*9)]%"46#&%
&0,(%* 6-)&#56#"%S* O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#E* 5d%'(* ,"* "0,$%9* 6"]%* ?,%* 9d0"* #"$%"(%* D* j* 9d6"]%
',&%g(%&-#"6"(*k*[=S*1X^S*O6"'*j*23)04&#99%*k*%"F#"E*0"*F%&6*4%*O#%,*,"%*'0&(%*4%*4&#99%*'6"'
40,(%*C0/%,g*[;SRSE*=S*TVÊ*0"*%"(%"4&6*=%,(Hl(&%*(05*46"'*j*799)9,/05*k*%(*0"*)$0?,%&6*[7SRSE
=S*1@^*,"*j*=.&%*5)9%'(0H(%&&%'(&%*k*?,#*%'(*,"*56'*4d0g/-0(H50-=0')S*7,(&%*=0''#>9%*-0(H
$69#'%*D*j*G0',>6>%9*k*[BSJSE*=S*1WU^S
K"* (6"(* ?,%* 4#%,* %"* >0#'E* I09053* F%&6* 6,''#* &%(0,&* '0,'* 96* F0&-%* 4d,"%* '(6(#0"E* 96
j* '(6(#0"* I090-053%* k* [OS* `SE* =S* @UVÊ* 9%* -0(* &6==&0536"(* I09053* %(* -053%E* =0'()&#()
?,#* =&l(%* f* &#&%* q* ?,6"(* f* j* (&0,* 4d>69* k* [$8' +SISÊ* 9d6=050=%* =0,&&6* )$0?,%&* :669S* <0,&
9%* -0(H$69#'%* j* 96>/&6-#4%* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* LVÊ* #9* '%->9%* 6''05#%&* 96>/&#"(3%* %(* =/&6-#4%E
@Q
**G%6"HB96,4%*<%&&#"E*j*!"%*$0#g*6,*(&6$6#9*kE*4.';9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*+dJ6&-6((6"E*1AAWE*=S*VWS
**3=$(E*=S*V@S
@W
QX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
,"*=%,*50--%*'#*9dK]/=(%*)(6#(*'/->09#')%*=6&*,"%*=/&6-#4%*%"F%&-6"(%*%(*F0"5(#0""6"(
50--%*,"*96>/&#"(3%*40"(*4,(*'0&(#&*9%*=%,=9%*C,#F*=0,&*'%*4#&#]%&*$%&'*9%*8#"6{*%(*96*9,-#.&%
4#$#"%*c*46"'*5%*")090]#'-%E*9%*j*96>#69*k*"d%'(*=6'*90#"*%(*6$%5*9,#E*=%,(Hl(&%E*9%*>6>#9*36>#9%
%(* ')4,#'6"(* 4%'* =&l(&%'* 4dJ0&,'* %(* 4%* :6'(%(* q* 6#99%,&'E* 0"* )$0?,%&6* ,"* j* >96>#9* k* [5FS
>96>96…>6>#9^*?,69#F#)*4%*j*'6"]96"(*kS*<0,&*j*86&50=3&#%&*k*[+SISE*=S*X@AÊ*9%*-0(*'%->9%
50"(%"#&*50FF&%E*'6&50=36]%*%(*'56=36"4&#%&S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*#"$%"(%&6*4%*"0,$%99%'
&%9#]#0"'*50--%*96*j*&%9#]#0"*#>#(,&#?,%*kE*-0(*'%->96"(*50"(%"#&*R]#(,&E*>#(,&%E*#>#4E*!>,E*#>#'E
#>#'5,'E*#>)&#?,%E*(%99,&#?,%*$0#&%*#)=$'&7'9)=$S
<%"46"(*?,%*G)&)-#%*])-#(*46"'*j*C)3)-#''%"(*kE*G)','*B3&#'(E*9,#*[j*G%6"*4%'*(&0,'*kÊ
'%&6*#"4#&%5(%-%"(*=&)'%"(E*0"*=%,(*9%*=%"'%&E*46"'*j*O)56=#g#0"*k*[OS`SE*=S*1QLÊ*',==9#5%
-l96"(*96*4)56=#(6(#0"*%(*96*5&,5#F#g#0"*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*C,'(#F#g#0"*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@L@^*0o*9%'
"0(#0"'*4%*C,'(#5%*%(*4%*C,'(#F#56(#0"*'%->9%"(*5%((%*F0#'*6''05#)'*f*96*B&0#gS*M0"0>'(6"(E*5%'
%g%-=9%'*"%*'0"(*=6'*(0,'*=&0>6"('*%(*9d0"*%g(&6=09%*'6"'*40,(%*>%6,50,=*(&0=S
OKoK&[J#)"&:20%#/\.&["<2%/&E31%-()%\&%(&[C*):P"<2%/\
<0,&*4#&%*96*=0&0'#()*4,*59#$6]%*30--%\*>l(%E*#9*/*6,&6*4)'0&-6#'*96*=0''#>#9#()*4%*'%*'%&$#&
4%'*$056>9%'*j*6-"#-69*k*[OS7SE*=SQ@U^*%(*j*6-"#-6,*k*[OS7SE*=S*11X^*?,#*50"F.&%"(*,"%
'0&(%*4dp-%*6,g*6"#-6,g*c*46"'*j*7"#6-69*kE*j*6"#p-96*k*%(*j*6"#6-"#-69*k*[OS7SE*=S*1L1Ê*#9
'%->9%&6#(*?,d,"*6"#-69*"0--)*7""#%*6#(*-l-%*-69*f*9dp-%*c*?,6"(*6,*=&)"0-*7""6E*#9*'%
&%(&0,$%&6*46"'*j*6"6#-6,g*k*%(*j*6"6"#-69*kE*5%*?,#*(%"4&6#(*f*'#]"#F#%&*?,d7""6*"#%*-69*'0"
6"#-69#()S*+%'*j*6&"#-6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*@W@^*'%&6#%"(H#9'E*%,gE*4%'*6"#-6,g*56=6>9%'*4d6&(*%(\
0,*4%*F6>&#?,%&*4%'*6&-%'*h*K(*9%*j*40-"#-69*0-"#4)*k*[OS7SE*=S*1UW^*h*8%&6#(H5%*,"*6"#-p9%
40-#"6"(*-p(#")*4d30-#"#4)*h*R9*'%&6*6,''#*?,%'(#0"*4dk*6"#-6,g*f*5%&$%6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TQÊ
%g=&%''#0"*?,#*'d6==9#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*f*R9?9*/.%$&8/*q*%(*=0,&*9%*-0(*j*6,(&,-6#"'*k*[OS7SE
=S*1U1Ê*0"*'%*=&%"4*f*=%"'%&*?,d#9*#&6#(*>#%"*f*"0'*6-#'*9%'*'#"]%'S
O%*-l-%E*"0&-69%-%"(*6==9#?,)*f*9d6"#-69E*9%*-0(*3,&%*'%*$%&&6*6''05#)*f*9d30--%
46"'*j*3,&6"#()*k*[OS7SE*=S*L@^*%(*j*3,&-6"#()*k*[OS7SE*=S*1@1^S*O.'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/E*5%((%*6->#],{()*30--%\6"#-69*)(6#(*=&)'%"(%*c*86=0&#]."%*/*)$0?,%*%"*%FF%(
'0"*=.&%E*j*5%(*)"0&-%*=0#''0"*kE*?,#*j*6$6#(*>#%"*F#"#*4d-#6,9%&*k*[=S*1@V^*c*%(*46"'*4.'4#77&
(&/'?9)7/E*#9*)(6#(*)]69%-%"(*?,%'(#0"*4%*j*569%b0""64%'*4d6"#-6,g*k*[=S*W1QÊ*%(*-l-%
4d,"*j*()"0&*f*-,'%6,*&#4#5,9%*k*[=S*WVW^S*:&%FE*5d%'(*=%,*4%*4#&%*?,%E*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*96
F&0"(#.&%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*(&.'*"%((%*%"(&%*9%'*30--%'*%(*9%'*>l(%'*c*6#"'#*4,*j*'#"]%*+#=36"(*6((#&)
=6&*9%'*F%--%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*@XVÊ*4%*+dK"F6"(*<6"(0-0&=3%*k*?,#*j*>6&&#(*k*[GSNSE*=S*VU^*0,*4%
j*9d%''6#-*4d30--%'*k*4%*456*7&'$8*988#*q*%(*5%96*50"5%&"%*6,''#*9d0"0-6'(#?,%*D*j*;4#9%
B6&#>0,*kE*j*G%6"*2%&&#%&*kE*j*G%6"*4%'*-,'%6,g*kE*j*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*+3)&#''0"*kE*%(5S
O6"'* 9%* >%'(#6#&%* 50-#50H-0"'(&,%,g* %"* ?,%'(#0"E* #9* F6,4&6#(* 6C0,(%&* 4d6,(&%'* l(&%'
>#u6&&%'*(%9'*?,%*j*9%*]&6"4*u.>&%*k*[+SISE*=S*WATÊ*j*96*>69%#"%*6,*5,9*4d0'#%&*k*[+SISE*=S
WXAÊ*9%*j*56"6&4*f*96*(&0"53%*'6&50=3#)%*=6&*96*-6#"*]6,53%*4,*536&5,(0"*k*[+SISE*=S*WLU^
%(*j*9d0,&'*)"0&-%*f*(&0#'*=6((%'*|50,&6"(}*(0,C0,&'*96*=96#"%*=#56&4%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@UVÊ*'6"'
0,>9#%&*9%'*j*(6=6C0,'*k*)$0?,)'*=&)5)4%--%"(E*9%'*j*=#"]0,6&4%'*k*%(*9%'*j*=#"]0,#""%'*kE
[+SISE*=S*WAAÊ*9%'*j*$%&-#''0"'*kE*j*-0,53%'*f*>6?,%*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*50""%6,g*0#'%6,g*4,
5#%9*k*[+SISE*=S*X@@^S
K"F#"E* 96* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"* [4%* )* %"* #^* =%&-%((&6* 96* 5&)6(#0"* 4d,"* j* R9#=36"(* k
46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*TLÊ*r,$&%*0o*9d0"*5&0#'%*%"50&%*j*9%*90,=*5,9*",*k*[=S*@XTÊ
j* 9d0,&'* f* >#]"099%'* |?,#}* F0''%* 9)0=6,4* k* [=S* @1A^* 6#"'#* ?,%* 4%* =%,* &6]0z(6"('* j* &6('
]0"4#"'*k*[=S*@XV^S*Od6,(&%'*6"#-6,g*)(&6"]%'*6,(6"(*?,d3/>&#4%'*',&]#&0"(*4,*536=%6,*4%
5%*$)&#(6>9%*405(%,&*I0&%6,*9#(()&6#&%*?,d%'(*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*D*-)96"])*f*,"*65(%*6"5#%"E
,"*>6(&65#%"*6550,53%&6*4d,"*j*65(65#%"*k*46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'^=S*1@VÊ*6"#-69
QT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=69,4)%"*46"'*9%?,%9*:&#''%(*6,&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*&%50"",*R9?9'K.%$&8/S*7,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6
%'(#-%&* ?,d6$%5* 9%* j* :6(&6''#%&* kE* 0"* %'(* q* 46"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&' [=S* 1@V^* q* %"* F65%
4d,"*>6(&65#%"*%"*65#%&*$0#&%*4d,"*&0>0(*>6(&65#%"*c*46"'*5%((%*4%&"#.&%*=#.5%E*0"*5&0#'%&6
4d6,(&%'*5&0#'%-%"('*(0,(*6,''#*#-=&0>6>9%'*D*9%*j*=0&5*<#]%0"*k*[=S*QUÊ*9%*j*=0&]6"%*kE*9%
j*53#%"*)?,%'(&%*k*%(*,"%*'0&(%*4%*F)9#"*=653/4%&-#?,%*[=S*1AW^*"0--)*j*+)0=36"(*k*['6"'
40,(%*+)0=6&4*…*K9)=36"(^S*7,(&%*&6==&053%-%"(*#-=&0>6>9%*$0#&%*0g/-0&#?,%*D*5%9,#*4%
96*j*26,=%*5)9%'(%*k*[$8*BSJS^S*B%((%*$%#"%*50-#50HF6"(6'(#?,%*["d0,>9#0"'*=6'*9%*56&&099#%"
j* '6"]0=(.&%* kE* -#H'6"]9#%&E* -#H509)0=(.&%^* =%&4,&%&6* C,'?,df* 4.' K*G8&* =,#'?,d/* '%&6
=&%'?,%* &%"4,* =0''#>9%* 9%* F6-%,g* -6&#6]%* 4%* 96* 56&=%* %(* 4,* 96=#"* q* 6""0"5)* =6&* 5%9,#E
)$0?,)*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@UWÊ*j*4%*96*56&=%*%(*4,*")6"(*k*q*f*(&6$%&'*9d)(0""6"(*j*56&=d53#%"*k
4%*96*=6]%*@@QS
OKrK&,%&s/#9*)2"<2%/s
+d0-"#-69*"0$6&#"#%"*=0,&&6*6,''#*50"F0"4&%*9d3,-6#"*%(*9%*53#%"*46"'*j*3,53#%"*k*[OS`SE*=S
@LT^*q*9%*53#%"*)(6"(*9%*j*4%&"#%&*4%'*6"#-6,g*&)6"#-)'*f*6#-%&*9dp-%*?,#*9d6"#-6*k*[OS7SE
=S*1QUÊ*%g=&%''#0"*0o*'%*-)96"]%"(*4%*(&0,>96"(%*F6b0"*9%'*"0(#0"'*4dp-%*%(*4d.8$?#/E
4d6-0,&*%(*4d6"#-69S
+%*53#%"*"0$6&#"#%"*'%->9%*6$0#&*96*-l-%*F0"5(#0"*?,d,"*?&?&879'?9)$*[5&p"%E*50&4%E
&%$09$%&^*D*5d%'(*,"*&6==%9E*,"*-#&0#&*%(*,"%*?,%'(#0"S*80"*'(6(,(*%'(*=6''#0""6"(*D*#9*65?,#%'5%
q*f*9d#-6]%*4%'*53#%"'*>0,]%6"(*96*(l(%*f*9d6&&#.&%*4%'*$0#(,&%'*[',&*'5."%E*#9*%'(*=9,'*]&6"4^
q*-6#'*f*?,0#*h*<6&F0#'E*#9*'%*50"F0"4*6$%5*'0"*-6w(&%E*%"*=0&(6"(*=&%'?,%*9%*-l-%*"0-*?,%
9,#*D*j*G%6"*<0(6&4*%(*'0"*53#%"*<0(6-%*k*[GSNSE*=S*@XÊ*9%*j*53#%"=0(6-%*k*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%
,"*53#%"H3/==0=0(6-%*[%(*4%,g*=6]%'*=9,'*90#"E*0"*5&0#'%&6*9%*j*53#%"*<0(6]&%*k*0o*53#%"
%'(*5%((%*F0#'*6''05#)*f*=0(6]%E*0"6]&%*%(*50"]&%^*%(*#9*/*6,&6*-l-%*(0,(%*,"%*0"0-6'(#?,%
50-#?,%*9#)%*6,*53#%"*D*9%*j*53#%"*Z0,'*9%*56-=*k*[OS7SE*=S*QAÊ*9%*j*B3#%"*!-%4%"(*k*[OS`SE
=S*@WXÊ*9%*j*B3#%"*7"%'(3)'#%"*k*[OS7SE*=S*@@Ê*9%*j*53#%"*7''%uH>#%"*k*[GSNSE*=S*@U^*0,
9dk*6,(053#%"*k*[;SNSE*=S*QAÊ*9d6,(&,53#%"*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"S*;"*5&0#'%&6*6,''#*9%*j*53#%"*F6,(#F
4,*536&5,(#%&*k*[OS7SE*=S*UA^*?,#*=0,&&6*"0,'*&6==%9%&*9%*=%&'0""6]%*=%"6,4*6/6"(*j*-6"])
4,*C6->0"*=%"46"(*96*-%''%*k*[$8*OS`S^S*7,(&%*56'*>#u6&&%*D*5%*53#%"*f*?,#E*46"'*4&'F.)($8
(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*0"*4#(*j*4%*536"(%&*9d6#&*kS*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*5%*'%&6*9%*j*B3#%"*!(
%(*<9,&#%9*k*[=S*WV^*?,%*9d0"*5&0#'%&6S
;"*9%*$0#(E*9%'*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*=0''#>9%'*%"(&%*3,-6"#()*%(*]%"(*56"#"%*"%*-6"?,%"(
=6'S*7#"'#E*46"'*j*eG6==/*e*6>0/6*:6'#9%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@WLÊ*5d%'(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*9%*-6w(&%*?,#
'%*50-=0&(%*%"*53#%"*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*I,'%6,*m*C6==6*7,4%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@XQ^**q*%(*#9*50"$#%"(
%"50&%*4%*"0(%&E*(0,C0,&'*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*9%*]9#''%-%"(*-)(0"/-#?,%*4,*j*53#%"
I)40&*k*%"*j*F#9'*I)40&*k*f*96*=6]%*@@L*q*-6#'*)]69%-%"(E*f*96*=6]%*VLE*9%*&6==&053%-%"(
%"(&%*,"*53#%"*%(*j*,"%*>l(%*f*-6"53%'*50,&(%'*kE*5%*?,#*#-=9#?,%*4%'*>&6'*[?,6"(*6,g
-%->&%'*#"F)&#%,&'E*0"*%"*4#&6*5%5#*D*j*#9*#&6#(*',&*(&0#'*=6((%'E*'d#9*'d6$0,6#(*6$0#&*%"*9,#*9%
?,6&(*4,*(#%&'*4%*96*-0#(#)*4%*96*50"'5#%"5%*3,-6#"%*?,%*"0,'*6$#0"'*4%*"0,'H-l-%'*kE*96
(&0#'#.-%*=6((%*&%"$0/6"(*'6"'*40,(%*f*96*?,%'(#0"*4,*8=3#"g*50"5%&"6"(*9%'*4#FF)&%"('*p]%'
4%*9d30--%*%(*f*96*56""%*4%'*=%&'0""%'*p])%'^S*7,(&%*F0&-,96(#0"*6->#],‡*D*9%'*j*F%--%'
-,'%9)%'*k*4%*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@AA^S
B0"5%&"6"(* 96* =&)'%"5%* 4,* 53#%"* 46"'* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&E* #9* "%* F6,(* =6'
'd%"*)(0""%&**D*9%*53#%"*&%=&)'%"(%*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*[=S*Q1^*j*9d%"F6"5%*4%*9d30--%*k*q*%(*0"
=6&9%&6*4d6#99%,&'*4,*j*53#%"*,(*k*[9%*j*3,53#%"*k*\*j*!53#%"*k*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*!(H53#%"E
,"*53#%"E*0&#]#"%9^*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*1AU^*q*-6#'*6,''#*'6*F#"*D*j*B%*-6(#"E*Cd6#
=&#'*4,*-0,&#&*46"'*-6*-6#"E*%(*C%*9d6#*C%()*6,*&#%"*k*[GSNSE*=S*QA^*c*6,*-0-%"(*4%*-0,&#&E*0"
&%$#%"(*$%&'*9%*53#%"E*0"*'d%"*&%-%(*f*9,#E*0"*F6#(*&%(0,&*%(*699)]%6"5%*f*9d6"5#%""%*%(*50-#?,%
QU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
56"#"#()*j*4%*?,0#*96*&65%*3,-6#"%*F,(*F6#(%*kS*20,(*9d#"4#?,%*D*#9*/*6*4%*9d3,-6#"*46"'*9%*53#%"
q*%(*M0$6&#"6*"d6&&l(%*=6'*4%*"0,'*9%*'#]"#F#%&S*N%-6&?,0"'*?,%*',&*'5."%E*9%*"0$6&#536(
"d6==6&6w(*=6'*[=6'*=9,'*?,%*9d,536(^*c*5d%'(*?,%*9%*536(*%'(*(&0=*')=6&)*4%*9d30--%*=0,&*?,d#9
=,#''%*-l-%*l(&%*)$0?,)*q*-6#'*9d6,(%,&*'%*&6((&6=%*%"*=6&96"(*4%*O#%,E*6,(&%*R"'6#'#''6>9%S
OKnK&Y#(-X6*$7)%&%(&#Q=5#(j* B6&=d53#%"* kE* j* 3,53#%"* kE* j* ,&-6"#()* kE* j* 3,&6"#()* kE* j* 7"#6-69* kE* j* 6"#p-96* kE
j*6"#6-"#-69*kE*j*6-"#-69*kE*j*6-"#-6,*kE*j*6&"#-6,*k*D*0"*=%,(*50"'#4)&%&*[5FS*56&=%*%(
53#%"E*3,-6#"*%(*53#%"E*3,&%*%(*30--%E*6"#-69*%(*p-%E*6"#-69*%(*7""#%E*6&(\6&-%*%(*6"#-69^
?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%*-0('H$69#'%*(%"46"(*$%&'*9d0g/-0&%S
R9* /* %"* 6* 4d6,(&%'* 46"'* 9dr,$&%* )(,4#)%* c* 5%'* -0('H`69.&%* =0,&&0"(* )$%"(,%99%-%"(
-04#F#%&*?,%9?,%*=%,*"0(&%*=%&5%=(#0"*4,*(%-='*?,#*=6''%*50--%*j*7,>,'5,9%*k*[:SBSOSE
=S* QAAÊ* ?,#* 6''05#%* 7,>%* %(* 5&)=,'5,9%* q* 4%* -l-%E* j* 6,Cd3#%&* k* [OS`SE* =S* 11L^* 6''05#%
3#%&*%(*6,C0,&4d3,#*%(*j*>%&5,%#9* k* [OS`SE* =S* @UW^* D* >%&5%6,* %(* 5%&5,%#9S* O6"'* j* >%&5,%#9* k
5%=%"46"(E*0"*"%*'6,&6#(*=6&9%&*4d0g/-0(*$)&#(6>9%*56&E*0,(&%*9d#"()&l(*?,%*9d6,(%,&*'%->9%
=0&(%&*f*96*=%"')%*(60{'(%E*"6#''6"5%*%(*-0&(*[$(&?*=0,&*6$6"(\6=&.'*$0#&%*=6'')*\*=&)'%"(^
"%*'0"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(E*4,*-0#"'*=0,&*9,#E*4%'*"0(#0"'*6"(6]0"#'(%'*c*#9*%"*$6*4%*-l-%*=0,&
$#%\-0&(*[?,#*&%9.$%&6#(*=&%'?,%*4d,"*F6,g*59#$6]%^*D*'#*(%9*405(%,&*4,'@).?&'(&':.';$&'[=S
1TU^*'d6==%99%*j*865&#-%*kE*5d%'(*?,d,"*405(%,&E*b6*5&#-%*q*',&(0,(*9%'*6550,53%,&'*[(0,(
"0,$%6,H")*)(6"(*50"46-")*f*-0,&#&^S*B0->9%'*4%*9d0g/-0&%*-6#'*=6'*4%*9d055#'*-0&(*[5%
?,#*'%&6#(*,"*=9)0"6'-%Ê*j*I656>#0*k*[(0,C0,&'*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&^*'%->9%*4)'#]"%&
,"*-65536>)%*$#$6"(*q*%(*j*-0&409%'5%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*11@^*D*,"*6409%'5%"(Hu0->#%S
O%*-l-%E*"%*=%,(H0"*=6'*50"'#4)&%&*?,%*9%*j*86=%&-%*k*[+SISE*=S*QUX^*50"(#%"(*4,
'=%&-%*[4%*96*$#%E*K&0'^*%(*4,*'6=#"*[4%*96*-0&(E*236"6(0'^*h*B%((%*4,69#()*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"
=%,*[$#$&%\653%$%&^*46"'*j*'d653%$#$.&%"(*k*[4&'Q&%./E*=S*@QX^*%(*46"'*,"*(0=0"/-%*[>#0\
")5&0^*50--%*j*>0,9%$6&4*M)5&0>#0(6&4*k*[7SRSE*=S*@QV^*?,#*',]].&%*%"*-l-%*(%-='*[-0&(
%(*$#%^*4%,g*$0#%'E*4%,g*#'',%'*%(*4%,g*0=(#0"'*q*$(&?*=0,&*96*M)5&0-0>#9%*?,#*6''05#%*96
-0&(*6,*-0,$%-%"(S
;"* 9%* $0#(* D* #-=0''#>9%* "d%'(* =6'* "0$6&#"#%"* %(* 96* =%&F%5(#0"* =0,&&6* -l-%E* ]&p5%
f* 9,#E* l(&%* 4%* 5%* -0"4%* 56&* 46"'* j* =%&F%5(,%,'%-%"(* kE* -l-%* 5%* ?,#* %'(* =6&F6#(* ['0#(
%&)E&*7' %"* 6"]96#'^* '%&6* 4)F%5(,%,g* [+SISE* =S* WW1^S* a,6"(* f* 96* 536#&* %(* f* 9d%'=&#(E* #9'
(&0,$%&0"(* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* (%&&6#"* 4d%"(%"(%* 6$%5* j* (l(%H5,9%-%"(* k* [+SISE* =S* QUA^* ?,#
'%->9%* 64$%&>#F#%&* &6>%96#'#%""%-%"(* 9Y%g=&%''#0"* (l(%* f* ?,%,%* q*$(&?* =0,&* 96* =&%-#.&%
=%&'0""%* 4,* '#"],9#%&* ?,#* =6&$#%"4&6* f* '%* 50"F0"4&%* 6$%5* 96* (&0#'#.-%* 46"'* 9d)(0""6"(
j* #9C%* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1AX^S* +%* 50&='* %'(* 50"5%&")* D* j* =#%4%'(&0"5* k* [OS7SE* =S* @UA^S* +6
j*")5&0-6"5#=6(#0"*k*[BSJSE*=S*W@1^*)$0?,%E*?,6"(*f*%99%E*,"*&%]6&4*%"*6&&#.&%*$0#&%*,"*6==%9
96"5)*6,g*j*5646'*k*[5646$&%'*)(6"(*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*6=050=)^*%"*-l-%*(%-='*?,d,"%
=&0C%5(#0"*$%&'*9d6$%"#&*[5FS*")5&0-6"5#%*…*6"(#5#=6(#0"Ê*f*-0#"'*?,%*9%*-0(*"%*'d6==9#?,%*f
,"%*)$%"(,%99%*)-6"5#=6(#0"*4%'*-0&('E*,"*=%,*50--%*53%u*P%0&]%'*N0-%&0S*O6"'*456*7&
$8*988#E*"0,$%9*%g%-=9%*4d0g/-0(H$69#'%E*9%*j*O05(%,&*`#096''0"*k*'%->9%*6,''#*$#09%"(
?,%*-0996''0"S*7,(&%*-0469#()*D*9d6''05#6(#0"*46"'*,"*'%,9*-0(*4%*4%,g*&%]#'(&%'*4%*96"],%
50-=9.(%-%"(*4#FF)&%"('E*50--%*46"'*j*'6,5#''0"0'50=%*kS
+6* :#>9%* '%&6* )]69%-%"(* 50"5%&")%* =6&* 5%((%* F#],&%* >#F65%* D* j* 746-%* k* [:SBSOSE* =S
QAV^*-)96"]%*%"*%FF%(*9%*=&%-#%&*30--%E*746-E*%(*96*=&%-#.&%*46-%*4,*-0"4%*q*5%*?,#
&%"$0#%*6,*=6&64#'*4d6$6"(*96*F6,(%*0&#]#"%99%*q*,"*=%,*50--%*j*O6-%''#%,g*k*[:SBSOSE*=S
@UX^*?,#*&),"#(*9%'*4%,g*'%g%'*[$0#&%*K$646-E*")090]#'-%*6,?,%9*9d6,(%,&*"d6*=6'*=%"')^S
+%*j*86(6"4)09*k*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[$(&?*=0,&*j*B&,5#F%&*k^*&%''%->9%
6,* j* O#%,>9%* k* 4%* 96* (&64,5(#0"* [6'',&)%* =6&* <3#9#==%* +6$%&]"%Ê* 4,* _.Z&* 4%* G0/5%* D
QL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
0"* /* &%(&0,$%E* &%"4,* =0''#>9%E* ,"* 4,0* F0&(* #-=&0>6>9%* [%"(&%* 9%* O#6>9%* %(* 9%* :0"* O#%,E
4#&6#(*G%6"H<6,9*86&(&%Ê*6,''#*#-=&0>6>9%*?,%*9%*j*B360'-0'*k*4%*P,6((6&#*?,#*&)50"5#9#6#(
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* B0'-0'* [$0#&%* 0'-0'%^* %(* B360'S* a,6"(* 6,* j* =%(#(* 4),'5,9%* k* [OS`SE
=SE* 1L^* ?,#* 6''05#%* -#",'5,9%* %(* O#%,* %"* &6(6(#"6"(* 9#(()&69%-%"(* 5%* 4%&"#%&E* 5%* "d%'(* =6'
,"* 0g/-0(* '#* 9d0"* 50"'#4.&%* ?,%* j* O#%,* %'(* =%(#(* k* 46"'* 96* 50"5%=(#0"* "0$6&#"#%""%* q
9d%g=&%''#0"E*%"*0,(&%E*&6==%99%*$6],%-%"(*5%99%E*-0#"'*53&)(#%""%E*4%*=%(#(*$)3#5,9%S
O6"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%E*0"*$0#(*F0&(*=%,*4d%g%-=9%'*4%*5%'*-0('H$69#'%*(%"46"(
$%&'*9d0g/-0&%*D*0"*6,&6*40"5*=0#"()*9%*j*O#%,>9%*k*C0/5#%"\96$%&]"#%"*-6#'*"0(0"'*%"50&%
9%* j* -)96"50-#?,%* k* 4%* `%&3%]]%"* [f* &6==&053%&* 4%* 9d0g/-0(* j* 3#96&0(&6])4#%"* k* 40"(
796#"*:0&%&*'%*'%&(*=0,&*?,69#F#%&*M0$6&#"6Ê*9%*j*809,"%*k*[809%#9*…*9,"%^*4%*G040&0~'n/*%(
9d6=050=%*%"*j*;,#"%*k*[0,#*…*"0"Ê*-0(*&%''%->96"(*f*j*;,#]&%*k*[GS8SE*=S*QQ^*%(*?,%*9d0"
40#(*f*:%&"6"0'E*'6"'*0,>9#%&E*46"'*,"*&%]#'(&%*=9,'*=0=,96#&%E*9%*50-=&0-#'*4&0#(%\]6,53%
&%"4,*=0''#>9%*=6&*96*j*4&0#53%*k*%(*96*j*]6,(%*k*#"$%"()'*=6&*9%'*R"50"",'*[j*]0,653%*k
%(* j* 4&6,(%* k* =0,$6"(* F0"5(#0""%&* 6,''#^* "#* =6&9%&* 4%* $6&#6(#0"'* =9,'* #-=&0>6>9%'* [0"
'0"]%*f*j*O#0,>9%*kE*j*P%'(6=0)'#%*kE*j*4)'#&9,'#0"*kE*j*+%#>"#%(u'53%*kE*j*'6&6>6"4%*kE
j*J0,%99%>%5n%((*k*%(*j*56#99d-0,*kÊ*#9*'%->9%*596#&*?,%*9%'*-0('HG6",'*"0$6&#"#%"'*"0,'
-0"(&%"(*%"*-l-%*(%-='*9%'*4%,g*F65%'*4d,"%*-l-%*&)69#()*D*K&0'\236"6(0'E*36,(\>6'E
30--%\6"#-69E*-6'5,9#"\F)-#"#"E*%(5S
7,*F0"4E*9%*-%''6]%*4%*5%*405(%,&*I0&%6,*4%'*9%((&%'*F&6"b6#'%'*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*"0,'
F6#&%*&%''%"(#&*?,%*(0,(%*&)69#()*%"*50"(#%"(*,"%*6,(&%*%"*=,#''6"5%*D*#9*/*6*&#%"*46"'*,"*53#%"
%(*4%*9d%"(&0=#%*46"'*9d6"(3&0=#%*q*4%*-l-%E*46"'*j*J%"&#%((%*4%*`%&&%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@1TÊ*#9
'%->9%*?,%*'0--%#99%"(*4%'*$%&'*4%*(%&&%S*:&%FE*'6530"'*(0,C0,&'E*6$%5*M0$6&#"6E*699%&*6,H
4%9f*4%*96*4&s9%&#%\>#u6&&%&#%*%(*4,*&#&%*?,#*=%,(*"0,'*'6#'#&*4%$6"(*9d6==6&%"(%*#"50"]&,#()*4%
(%9*0,*(%9*")090]#'-%S*K"F#"E*5%((%*$090"()*-0$69#'6(&#5%E*%g=&%''#$%*%(*C,>#96(0#&%E*%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*6,''#*,"%*-0469#()*4%*96*5&)09#()*%"*50,&'*40"(*=6&9%*K40,6&4*P9#''6"(S
RK&Y#(X*""#)'E#/.&4*)"2--1)%-&%(&*$$#/0%*2$$%RKOK&dE$2)%-&"#/()m$E-&T&:*)(2)&'P1/&5M5%&5#(
RKOKOK&[&8#9*)2/*&\
+d6,(%,&*'%->9%*9#(()&69%-%"(*'%*4)F0,9%&*',&*,"*-0(*%(*'d%"*'%&$#&*50--%*4d,"*$)&#(6>9%
=,"53#"]H>699S*+d%FF%(*'%&6*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*50-#?,%*q*9%*50-#?,%*6/6"(*>#%"*'z&*f*$0#&*6$%5
9%*5s()*&)=)(#(#F*4%*5%(*6536&"%-%"(*96"]6]#%&S
;&E*'0"*=&0=&%*"0-*=0,&&6*l(&%*50"5%&")*=6&*5%*C%,*)(&6"]%*%(*5056''%S*O6"'*4.'4#77&
(&/'?9)7/E*9%*"0-*%"*?,%'(#0"*'%&6*6"#-69#')*[$0#&%*=0&5#F#)^*56&*0"*/*5&0#'%&6*j*9d65(%,&
<0&536&#"6*k*f*96*=6]%*WXV*0,*j*<0&b6&#"6*?,6"4*#9*'0,#99%*96*96"],%*k*%(S*k*$69)&#"0*40&'6&#"6E
-)904#%* F9z()%* k* =0,&* &%=&%"4&%* f* "0(&%* 50-=(%* 9%* C%,* 4d0==0'#(#0"* =&0=0')* =6&* K(#%""%
@X
N6>6()*46"'*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*k S*M0(0"'*f*"0(&%*(0,&*96*$6&#6(#0"*%"
j*O0&'6&#"%*k*[+SISE*=S*QLAÊ*0,*%"50&%*j*"0$6]")'#%*k*[+SISE*=S*X@1^S
O6"'*4.*>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*-l-%*C%,E*50--%*f*96*=6]%*VA*6$%5*j*M0$0$#6"4%*k*[4%
F6#(E*0"*9%*$%&&6E*#9*/*6*,"%*$&6#%*'=)5#F#5#()*4,*(3.-%*4%*96*$#6"4%*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6^
%(* j* 405(%,&* M0$#5* k* [=S* VA^* ?,#* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%E* 9,#E* ,"* -)4%5#"* 4)>,(6"(E* ,"* "0$#5%* 46"'
9%*-)(#%&S*!"*6,(&%*=%&'0""6]%*'d6==%99%*j*M0$%&&%*k*[=S*QAWÊ*5%*?,#*'0""%*50--%*,"%
&)4,5(#0"*4,*"0-*50-=9%(*[=&)"0-*…*"0-*4%*F6-#99%^*-l-%*'#*9%*-0(*)$0?,%*%"50&%*9%
@X
**K(#%""%*N6>6()E*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*WVS
QV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
$%&&%E*96*(%&&%*%(*9d6"]96#'*89*`+&)&*[6#99%,&'E*0"*5&0#'%*,"*j*K"F6"(*;$6&#?,%*kE*,"%*j*$%,$%
:0$6&/"6*kE*%(5S^S
O6"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&E* #9* /* 6,&6* ,"* j* `69$6&#"%* k* [=S* 1X@^* ?,#* 50"(#%"(* ,"%* $69$%
[50--%* ,"* &%"$0#* f* 9Y#4)%* 4%* '0,FF9%* $#(69^* -6#'* ?,#* &%''%->9%* 6,''#* f* P6]6&#"%* $0#&%* f
‚09$%&#"%S*7#99%,&'*9%*"0-*%'(*6''05#)*6,*&#%"*[,"*4%*'%'*]&6"4'*(3.-%'Ê*46"'*j*G%6"*N#%"
M0$6&#"6*k*c*6#99%,&'*%"50&%E*`0&6]#"%*'%&6*5#()*q*0&E*9%'*-#&659%'*=%&-#'*=6&*96*=6&09%*?,%
"0,'* =&0=0'%\&650"(%* M0$6&#"6* [5FS* %FF%('* 4%* ',&=&#'%E* -/'(#?,%* 4%* 9d#"50"]&,E* '#(,6(#0"'
#"5&0/6>9%'E*C,'?,d6,H>0,(#'-%*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'E*%(5S^*"0,'*=6&6#''%"(*F#"69%-%"(*6''%u
$0&6]#"#%"'S*N%-6&?,0"'*?,d6$%5*'%'*4%,g*6*[%(*%"*6C0,(6"(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*4%'*j*3*kÊ
9%* "0-* =0,&&6#(* =&%'?,%* l(&%* 5%9,#* 4d,"%* "0,$%99%* 4#$#"#()* 3#"40,%E* I6&640"6* 6/6"(
?,%9?,%* 530'%* 4%* =9,'* 53&)(#%"* [(6"4#'* ?,%* <69%'(&#"6* &%"$0#%* #&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(* f* 9d#4)%
4%* -,'#?,%^S* `%&3%]]%"E* 9,#E* =&0=0'%* j* "0,$%6,&#"6* kE* O,>,FF%(* D* j* M0$%H6&(* 7"6* k* q
Z&6"b0#'* O0-#"#?,%* D* j* M0$6&#96"],%* k* c* Z&6"5#'* B03%"* D* j* &)"0$6H96"],%* k* %(* ˆ6(%99
Z9053*D*j*`6*9d6#&E*"0$6*&#(E*"6*m*kS*Od6,(&%'*0"(*%,*9d#4)%*4%'*")090]#'-%'*j*"0$6&#"0,#*kE
j*"0$6&#"0#'*kE*j*M0$6&#"#%*kE*j*#""0$6&#"6"(*k*%(*j*M0$6&#"6((#96*k*[=&0=0'0"'*f*"0(&%*(0,&E
0,(&%* "0$6&#"64%'* %(* M0$6&#"6-69E* B6'6"0$6&#"6E* <6"0&#-6&#"6E* M0$6&#",(E* M0,]6&#"6E
M0$6&#-6E*M0$6&#-6?,0#E*M0$6&#-6&#%"E*M0$65&#-6?,0#E*M0$65&#-6(0,E*M0$65&#-6(0,$6E
;$"#$0&65#""6E* N65#"0$6&#"6E* ;$"#$0$69)&#6E* 0-"#$0&65#"6E* 0$"#$0&65#"#%"E* 7"#-0&6&#"6E
=6"(690"6&#"6E*36&-0"#56&#"6E*Kg)()$6&#"6^S
B%* "0-E* ',&(0,(* 6''05#)* 6,* =&)"0-* [,"* =&)"0-* 4%* (3)p(&%E* ?,%* 9d0"* (&0,$%* 53%u
I09#.&%Ê*%'(*0>C%5(#$%-%"(*(&.'*>%6,*c*"0$6(#0"E*"#&$6"6E*"6&#"%E*',=%&"0$6E*056&#"6E*0$"#E
"0E*"0"E*"#&6E*$6&#6"E*"6$#&%*D*$0#9f*(0,(*5%*?,d#9*6""0"5%*%(*'%->9%*50"(%"#&S*K"*9%*&%(&6$6#996"(
%"50&%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*6,''#*$0#&*4%46"'*4%'*"0(%'*[96E*&)^*%(*4%'*"0-'*4%*4#%,g*'096#&%'*[N6E
N)^*c*f*9d#"'(6&*4%*9dr,$&%*-l-%E*5d%'(*6,''#*,"*"0-*&/(3-)*50"(%"6"(*4%'*6''0"6"5%'*[Q*6^
%(*4%'*699#()&6(#0"'*[1*$E*1*&E*1*"^*D*5%*F,(*=%,(Hl(&%*F0"46(%,&E*50--%**,"*'#]"%*6""0"5#6(%,&
4%*9dr,$&%*f*$%"#&S
K"F#"E*9%*=&)"0-*'%,9*[f*&6==&053%&*4%*]69.&%*%(*4%*$69%,&^*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*50"5%&")
=6&*9%*C%,*c*#9*/*6,&6*=6&*%g%-=9%*j*+dJ0--%*4%*`69.&%*k*%(*j*+dJ0--%*4%*`S*k*O%*-l-%E*f*96
=6]%*1WV*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[5%*@).?&E*'%&6#(H5%*40"5*5%9,#*4%*96*$#%*4%*`SMS*hÊ*9%*=&)"0F0"5(#0""%&6*50--%*,"%*6=050=%*4%*`69)&#%"*46"'*96*j*O%'5%"'#0"*4,*-0"(*`69.&%*kS*;"
=0,&&6*%"50&%*-%((&%*9d655%"(*',&*9%'*#"#(#69%'*D*'#*%99%'*',]].&%"(*%"*%FF%(*[9d6,(%,&*"0,'*9%
&6==%99%*'0,$%"(^*`0#g*M)]6(#$%E*%99%'*'0"(*6,''#*5%99%'*4%*96*N$7.*P9;.*4%*O6"(%E*r,$&%
6""0"b6"(*4.*@$;$8&*>9?I($&S
B%((%*=%(#(%*'0,'H=6&(#%*-0"(&%*f*%99%H'%,9%*f*?,%9*=0#"(*9d6,(%,&*%'(*56=6>9%*4d3,-0,&
%(*4d6,(04)&#'#0"E*9,#*?,#*'d%"]90>%*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*46"'*9%*&#&%*?,d#9*53%&53%*f*','5#(%&S
;&*5d%'(*9f*,"*(&6#(*56&65()&#'(#?,%*4%*9d6&(#'(%*50-#?,%*q*'0"]%0"'*f*N6>%96#'\7950F&/>6'E
B)9#"%\:6&46-,E*a,%"%6,\8699/*I6&6E*B36=9#"\B36&90(*$0#&%*f*7$#4640996&'E*9%*',&"0-*4%
869$640&*O69#S
RKOKRK&[&<15*2/&\
;"*6*$,*5#H6$6"(*?,d30--%*%(*>l(%*)(6#%"(*=%,*0,*=&0,*-)96"])'*$0#&%*50"F0"4,'*50--%
46"'*j*3,&6"#()E*7"#6-69E*3,53#%"E*6-"#-6,*%(*0-"#-69*k*-6#'*5%*"%*'0"(*=6'*9%'*'%,9%'
$6&#6(#0"'*=&0=0')%'*f*=6&(#&*4%'*"0(#0"'*4d30--%E*4dp-%*%(*4d3,-6#"*$0#&%*4d30-#"#4)S
K"* '0--%E* 0"* 4#&6#(* ?,%* 9%* 4)-#,&]%* 53%&53%* f* #"$%"(%&* 4d6,(&%'* (/=%'
4djl(&,-6#"'*k*[4%'*6,(&,-6#"'*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%^*c*#9*/*6,&6#(*40"5*6,''#*[-6#'*0o*h*46"'*9%
=6'')*4%*9d30--%*h*'0,'*96*(%&&%*h*46"'*9d3,-,'*h*96*=6(6=3/'#?,%*h*',&*,"%*=96".(%*'r,&*h
46"'*9%*j*!-0"4%*k*h^*4%'*j*,-#%"'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@X1Ê*4%'*j*3,-#%"'E*4%'*0-#4#%"'*%(*4%'
WA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
0-"#&#%"'*k*[OS7SE*=S*QALÊ*j*4%'*,-"#-6#"'E*4%'*0-"#-6#"'*%(*4%'*,-"#-#%"'*k*[OS7SE*=S
QALÊ*4%'*j*3,-"#-6#"'*k*[OS7SE*=S*VT^*q*6C0,(0"'*6>',&4%-%"(*6,(&,#-6#"'*%(*6,(&0,-6#"'S
7,(&%* =0''#>#9#()\$6&#6(#0"* ',]])&)%* 46"'* 4&* @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A' ,* j* #9* "d)(6#(* =6'
30--%* -6#'* R3s-* 4%* 73s-* %(* K30-* 4%* 9f* k* [OS7S* c* =S* 1QA^S* O6"'* j* 30--%90"'* kE* 0"
&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*9d30-0"5,9%*4%*P0%(3%*%(*4%*P3%94%&04%*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*69,-6#"'*k*[OS7S*c
=S* @UW^* ?,#* 'd6==9#?,%* =%,(Hl(&%* f* 4%'* 30--%'H699,-%((%'* $0#&%* f* 4%'* 699,-)'* ?,#E
46"'* 9%* -%#99%,&* 4%'* 56'E* 9%* '%&6#%"(* 50--%* 4%'* ")0"'* 4#'6"(* j* G%* ',#'* kS* O6"'
4dJ%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[==S*Q1HQQHQWÊ*0"*C0,%&6*6$%5*9%*',FF#g%*j*0{4%'*k*[5FS*j*"6"0{4%'*kE
j*=9,"#"0{4%'*kE*j*5&/=(0H=6&6=)=90{4%'*k^*(6"4#'*?,%*46"'*4.'K*G8&B*0"*(0,&"%&6*=9,(s(
6,(0,&*4%*j*6"(3&0=0*k*[5FS*=S*@AW^*D*j*6"(3&0=0=#(3/6"4&%*kE*j6"(3&0=#(3&0=0=6"(&0=%*kE
j* 6"(3&0=0=6"4,9%'* kE* j* 6"(3&0=0]."%* kE* j* 6"(3&0=0=30&%* k* f* 96* =6]%* LV* %(
j* 6"(3&0=6"(&0=%'* k* j* 6"(3&0=6"4,9%'* kE* j* 6"(3&0=0]&6=3%'* kE* j* B6(6"(3&0=#%* kE
j*6"(3&0=0=6"4,9%&#%*kE*j*6"(3&0=0=6"(0'50=%*k*6,g*=6]%'*@AQH@AWE*9#'(%*6""0"5)%*=6&
9%'*j*7"(3&0=0=0{4%'*k*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*QW^S
<0,&(6"(E*4.'K*G8&*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*50"5%&")%*=6&*9%*C%,*',&*3,-6#"*c*0"*=6&9%&6*4%
4dj3,9#-#"#%"* k* [=S* @@QÊ* 4%* 9d* k* 3,-6"#()* '0&(6"(%* k* [=S* VAÊ* 4d,"* =6&(#* =09#(#?,%* 6==%9)
j*I0,$6"5%*30-#"#4#%""%*k*[=S*VAÊ*4,*j*]&6"4*'0#&*k*?,%*'%&6#(*j*9d3%,&%*4%*9d3,-6"#()
30--6"(%*%(*6]#''6"(%*k*%(*4%*j*9d3,-#"#'6(#0"*3,-#"#4#%""%*k*[=S*@QWÊ*9%'*j*>0->6&4#%&'
30-)0,'#%"'*k*)(6"(*9f*=0,&*&%"$0/%&*f*9d#"'(#"5(*],%&&#%&*4dR9?9'K.%$&8/S*K(*'#]"690"'
%"50&%*%"*=6''6"(*4%'*-)(6=30&%'*%(*4%'*=)&#=3&6'%'*50--%*j*9%'*36>#99)'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@VA^
%(*9%*j*(&0,=%6,*4%'*3,-6#"'*?,0(#4#%"'*k*[OS7SE*=S*VUÊ*=6&*0==0'#(#0"*6,*j*=%,=9%*C,53)*k
%(*6,(&%'*]%"'*4%'*I,'%6,gS
<%"46"(*6,*-0(*j*3,-6#"*kE*9%*-0(*j*6"#-69*k*F%&6*)]69%-%"(*9d0>C%(*4%*-,(6(#0"'*c
"0(0"'*j*3#-"#-69*k*[OS7SE*=S*11XÊ*j*6"#"6"#-6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*@VXÊ*j*6]"#-6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S
@QUÊ*j*#"6"#-0"*k*[OS7SE*=S*1@Q^*$0#&%*j*6"#-69*9)>)(69*k*[OS7SE*=S*WU^S*a,6"(*f*j*9d0-"#-69
%"* (,>%* $&6#* k* 4,* F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&' [=S* X1Ê* 5d%'(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* 56'* 4d3/>&#46(#0"
=6&F6#(%S* M0,$%99%* $6&#6(#0"* D* j* 30-6#'0"* k* [7SRSE* =S* WQÊ* 50"(%"6"(* 30--%* %(* -6#'0"
%(* 6,?,%9* Z96,>%&(* 6$6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* 4)Cf* =%"')* %"* 5&)6"(* J0-6#'* q* -6#'* 9%* ")090]#'-%
)$0?,%* %"50&%* 0&6#'0"'* D* 5%'* 30-6#'0"'* '%&6#%"(H%99%'* F,".>&%'* h* +%'* -6#'0"'* [5FS
=&0=&#)()E* %"F%&-%-%"(E* &%=9#* ',&* '0#E* 536"]%-%"(* 4%* '0"* 56&65(.&%E* 4%$%"6"(* 56'6"#%&
$0#&%*=6"(0,F96&4^*'0""%&6#%"(H%99%'*9%*]96'*4%*9d30--%*h
M0(0"'*%"50&%*9%'*j*F0&5%'*=6&63,-6#"%'E*=0'(3,-6#"%'E*-)(63,-6#"%'E*3,-6#"%'H
>#'E* =)&#* %(* (&#H3,-6#"%'* k* [=S* XL^* %(* 9%'* j* ;-"#99#0--%'H4)30-#")'* k* [=S* QQ^* 4%* 456*7&
$8*988#*H*'6"'*0,>9#%&*j*9d6"(3&0=0=6"(0'50=%*k*%(*9%'*j*'5#%"5%'*6"(3&0=0"04,96#&%'*k*4%
96*=6]%*VUE*9%'*j*7"(3&0=0=){4%'*kE*9%'*j*7"(3&0=0H=&0"0=0(30{4%'*kE*9%'*j*7"(3&0=04,9%'*k
%(* 9%'* j* 7"(3&0=0=6"4,9%'* k* 4%* 96* =6]%* QU* 0,* %"50&%* 9%'* j* M#56"(3&0=%'* k* %(* 6,(&%'
j*7"(3&0=0=09/$0&#65)%'*k*4%*96*=6]%*Q1*[5%*4%&"#%&*-0(*'%->96"(*50"(%"#&E*0,(&%*9d%"(6-%
%"*j*6"(3&0=0*kE*=09/$0&%E*$0&65%*%(*0=#65)^S*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5d%'(*40"5
',&(0,(*3,-6#"*[$0#&%*6"#-69^*?,#*%'(*50"5%&")*=6&*5%*C%,*6536&")*6,(0,&*4d,"*-0(E*(6"4#'
?,%*4.'K*G8&*%(*456*7&'$8*988#*F0,&-#99%"(*=9,(s(*9%'*C%,g*',&*j*6"(3&0=0*k*c*46"'*4.'4#77&
(&/'?9)7/*%(*4&*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*5%*'0#(*6,*(0,&*4%*j*=6"(690"*kt
RKOKUK&[&:*/(*$#/&\
K&L%&M*"&-%&/-#>&M.-M%:)
7$%5* 3,-6#"E* 6"#-69* %(* 405(%,&* [40"(* 0"* =6&9%&6* =9,'* (6&4* =0,&* )$0?,%&* 9%* j* 5#&?,%
59#"#?,%* kÊ* j* =6"(690"* k* %'(* 40"5* '6"'* 40,(%* 9%* -0(* 9%* =9,'* -69-%")* c* 46"'* 4.' 4#77&
(&/'*?9)7/E*#9*4%$#%"(*j*=6"(690*k*[=S*W@QÊ*j*=6"(6964C%*k*[=S*QXLÊ*j*=6"(0990"'*k*[=S*QXLÊ
W@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*=6"(,96,4*k*[=S*WLUÊ*j*=6"(6F9z(*k*[=S*X@QÊ*j*=6(6?,0"*k*[=S*WAL^S*B%'*5056''%'*$6&#6(#0"'
=%&4,&%"(*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*6$%5*j*=6"(6&>690"'*[=S*@UUÊ*j*=6"(6&46>90"'*k*[=S*@UU^
%(*46"'*D.:/7.E&E*6$%5*j*=6"696(690"'*k*[=S*XL1^*c*9%*-0(*j*=6"(690"*kE*#5#*=9,'*0,*-0#"'
6''05#)*f*>6990"*%(*f*(690"E*=%,(*40"5*'d6990"]%&E*5%5#*f*9d#-6]%*4%*96*530'%*[?,#E*%"*4)F6#'6"(
=9,'#%,&'*0,&9%('E*=%,(*9dl(&%*)]69%-%"(^S
B#(0"'* %"50&%E* (0,C0,&'* 46"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&E* j* =6"(%(* k* [=S* 1QW^* %(* j* =6"(690"
'30&(*k*[=S*1AQ^*q*=6&*0==0'#(#0"*f*j*=6"(690"]*k*q*-6#'*6,''#*j*=6"(690"*(&0,=#?,%*k*[=S
U@Ê*j*<96"(6H-0,''0"*k*[=S*1VQ^*%(*j*=6"(696&4H-)9046&4*k*[=S*@AQ^S*+%*C%,*50"(#",%&6*46"'
45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'6$%5*j*=6(6"690"'E*=6"690"'E*=6"(690"'*|t}E*=6(6"6(0"'E*"696=0"'E
6"(690"'*|t}*=696(0,=%'E*96=6(0,-%'*k*[=S*@1^S*M%*'6,(0"'*=6'*4.*>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*0o
F#],&%"(*j*=6"(696(#0"*k*[=S*Q@XÊ*j*<6"(690"#5#%&*k*[=S*QXÊ*j*%g(&)-#()'*=6"(690"")%'*k*[=S
1XTÊ*j*536"(690"'*k*[=S*QWQ^*%(*j*9%*=9,'HC%,"%H$#(%H4%'H=6"(690"'H4,H=.&%*k*q*%(*"d0,>9#0"'
=6'*9%'*56'*6""%g%'*?,%*'0"(*j*<,&(69#50"'\!&(69#?,0"'*k*[OS`SE*=S*111^S
7* =6&(#&* 4,* -0(* '%&0"(* 5&)%'* 4%'* %g=&%''#0"'* #-6])%'* D* j* 6$0#&* 9%* =6"(696''%* ?,#
(&%-=*k*[+SISE*=S*X@@Ê*9%*j*=6"6(690"*?,#*C0>%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@V@^*0,*j*6$0#&*'0"*=6(&#5,9%*?,#
9,g%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @TU^* %(* '0"* j* 6"6(390"]* ?,#* -0,''%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @VA^* q* 0"* =6&9%&6* 6,''#
4d,"%*j*3#'(0#&%*=6"(69656&4%*k*[OS`SE*=S*11@^S*a,6"(*f*96*j*]&6"4%*<6"(696]"%*k*[<6"(690"*…
P6&6>6]"%*h^*0,*[BSJSE=S*WX@^*96*j*P&6"4%*<6"(69,&]#%*k*[5FS*<6"(690"*…*4&6-6(,&]#%Ê*5%
'0"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%'*"0-'*4%*=%,=9%'*0,*4%*=6/'*)$0?,6"(*,"*=6/'*#-6]#"6#&%*53%&*f*J%"&#
I#536,gS
7*9d#-6]%*4,*=%&'0""6]%*4%*(3)p(&%*4#(*j*<6"(690"*kE*9%*-0(*'%*$%&&6*=6&F0#'*6''05#)*f*,"
"0-*D*6#"'#E*j*<6"(69#"%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@V^*?,#*'%->9%*,"*=&)"0-*F)-#"#"*H*-6#'*"0(0"'*6,''#*D
j*+%*+,((%,&*<6"(69#"*k*[OS`SE*=S*11AÊ*j*<6"(0"*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@1Ê*j*<6"(69656&*k*[OS`SE*=S*1QWÊ
j*9dJ0--%*<6"(690"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@U@Ê*j*9%'*4%,g*F#9'*<6"(690"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@U1^*%(*j*9dK"F6"(
4%*<6"(690"*G0#%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@1L^*c*f*96*=6]%*@TU*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0"*6,&6*j*<96"(,>%E
<0"(096->6&4*%(*<0"(6-0,''%*k*%(*0"*5&0#'%&6*46"'*4&*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*VU^
j*+dK"F6"(*<6"(0-0&=3%*k*-6#'*6,''#*j*<36"(694,5#%"*k*%(*j*<6&6=3,95#%"*kS
;"* =0,&&6* 6''#'(%&* f* ,"%* 6,(&%* '0&(%* 4%* F)-#"#'6(#0"* 4,* =6"(690"* 46"'
j*<6"(69646-*k*[-0(*f*&6==&053%&*4%*j*<6"(69#"%*k*-l-%*'#*746-*"d%'(*=6'*90#"^*%(*f*,"%
'6"5(#F#56(#0"*46"'*j*'6#"(*G%6"*<6"(690"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@LL^*%(*j*86#"(*<6"(690"*k*[OS7SE*=S*Q@1^
$0#&%*f*,"%*?,6'#H4#$#"#'6(#0"*&%"4,%*=0''#>9%*=6&*,"*&6==&053%-%"(*4%*(%&-%'E*96*$%&(,
4Y,"%*-6C,'5,9%*%(*96*&64#569#()*4Y,"%*6=050=%*D*j*Bd%'(*O#%,*?,#*$0,'*>&6"9%*96*C6->%*m*<6"(69
%g#'(%*m*k*[+SISE*=S*W1T^S*O%*F6#(E*'#*O#%,*%'(*9%*=&0=&%*4%*9d30--%E*#9*'%->9%*?,d0"*=,#''%*%"
4#&%*6,(6"(*4,*=6"(690"S*a,6"(*f*<6"(69E*9%*-0(*)$0?,%*,"*=%,*<6"E*<6"(3)%E*26"(69[%^*%(
,"*)$%"(,%9*',==9#5%*4,*=6"(690"*['%&6#(H5%*40"5*,"*(6"(690"*?,%*"0,'*=0&(%&#0"'*h^S
;"* =0,&&6#(* %'(#-%&* ?,d#9* /* 6* 6,''#* 4%'* 56'* 4d6,(0"0-#%* 4,* =6"(690"* D* 9%* j* =6"(690"
f*",#'6"5%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1U1^*'%&6#(H#9*6"#-)*4d#"(%"(#0"'*-69)F#?,%'*h*<0,&*9%*j*=6"(690"*6
',#5#4%*k*6,''#*"0--)*j*=6"0=90"*f*'0,#?,#4%*k*[+SISE*=S*QX@^*%(*j*|=6"(0990"}*?,#*'%&&%*f
F6#&%*9%'*'0,#?,#4%'*k*[+SISE*=S*QXLÊ*%(*F6#'6"(*)530*6,*j*536=%6,*',#5#469*k*[OS`SE*=S*V1^*%(
6,g*j*53%-#'%'*4%*]96'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@XTÊ*0"*'%*=&%"4*f*=%"'%&*?,d#9*=&0$0?,%*=,#'*6''#'(%
6,*',#5#4%*4%*5%9,#*?,#*9%*=0&(%E*9%*=6"(690"*F0"5(#0""6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*#5#*50--%*,"%*-)(6=30&%
4%*96*50"'5#%"5%*4%*96*-0&(S*+6*-0&(*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*=&)'%"(*46"'*j*=6"(6]0"#?,%*k*[5FS
96* j* Z%--%* =6"(6]0"#?,%* k* 4%* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&^* ?,#* '%->9%* -)96"]%&* =6"(690"E
7"(#]0"%E*6"(6]0"#?,%*%(*6]0"#?,%S
Od6,(&%'* =6"(690"'* '0"(* 40()'* 4%* 56&65()&#'(#?,%'* >#u6&&%'* $0#&%* F6"(6'(#?,%'* D* 9%
j* =6"(690"* ?,#* -,'59%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @TAÊ* 9%* j* =6"(690"* f* -6"53%'* k* [OS`SE* =S* @T1Ê* 9%
j* =6"(69656&* f* 50&4%'E* 6$%5* 4%,g* (0&53%('* %"* ],%"#99%'* (0,(* 6,* >0,(* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1U1Ê* 9%
W1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
j* =6"(690"H(,/6,* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1U1Ê* 9%* j* =6"(690"* f* ]6u* k* [OS`SE* =S* @T@Ê* 9%* j* =6"(690"H
30,''%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@1V^*%(*9%*j*=6"(690"*f*&%''0&(*k*[OS`SE*=S*1AU^S*R9*%'(*6,''#*,"*655%''0#&%
?,d#9* 50"$#%"4&6#(* 4%* "%* =6'* 0,>9#%&* D* 5%* '0"(* 9%'* j* >%&(%99%'* =0,&* (%"#&* 36,(* 9%'* =6"(%'
f*k*[+SISE*=S*QWQ^S*I6#'*"0(0"'*6,''#*96*=&)'%"5%*4d6,(&%'*$l(%-%"('*D*9%'*j*53%-#'%'*4%
=6''#0"*kE*9%*j*C,=#0"*k[OS`SE*=S*1UT^*%(*4%'*j*&0>%'*(#'')%'*%(*(,%'*4%*")6"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TA^S
K&N)"./(O>+,#%&%"&/.:".-*:
<%,(Hl(&%*=0,&&#0"'H"0,'*#5#*)$0?,%&*9d#-=0&(6"5%*4,*&64#569*]&%5*[=6"*D*(0,(^*?,#*'%->9%*#5#
50"F)&%&E*46"'*5%((%*6==&053%*%(*=6&*9d0-"#=&)'%"5%*4,*-0(*46"'*9dr,$&%E*,"%*#-=0&(6"5%
4)5#4)-%"(*50"'#4)&6>9%*$0#&%*50'-#?,%*6,*=6"(690"*?,#*"%*'%&6#(*40"5*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*,"
]&6"4* <6"* #--0&(%9* 40"(* "0,'* ',>#&#0"'* 96* 90#* -6#'* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* ]&6"4* (0,(* 46"'* 9%?,%9
"0,'*"6]%&#0"'*50--%*46"'*,"*=6"(690"*(&0=*96&]%S*O6"'*96*=6"(690""64%*#5#*=&0=0')%E*9%
=6"(690"*=0,&&6*','5#(%&*4%'*$%&(#]%'*=6'569#%"'*D*0"*%'(*$&6#-%"(*4)=6'')E*(0,(*=%(#(*F65%
6,*=6"(690"S
!"%* 6==&053%* F)-#"#'(%* $%&&6#(* 46"'* 5%* =6"(690"* [+d30--%* 6,* =6"(690"* F#%&
'd6==6&%"(6"(* f* ,"* I6(6-0&%* 40"(* #9* 'd6]#&6#(* 4%* '%* -0?,%&^* ,"* '/->09%* 4%* =0,$0#&* %(
4d0==&%''#0"*-653#'(%*690&'*?,%*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*9d30--%*9,#H-l-%E*9d30--%*%"*])")&69E*?,#
%'(*$#5(#-%*4,*=6"(690"E*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*746-*&%]&%((6#(*96*F%,#99%*4%*$#]"%*%(E*6$%5*%99%E
,"%*5%&(6#"%*'#-=9#5#()*0&#]#"%99%S
O%*=9,'E*9%*=6"(690"*"d%'(*=6'*9%*'%,9*$l(%-%"(*=&0>9)-6(#?,%*c*#9*'%->9%&6#(*%"*%FF%(
?,%*5%&(6#"'*50,$&%H53%F'*"0,'*4)(%&-#"%"(*)]69%-%"(*%"*(6"(*?,djl(&,-6#"'*k*D*6#"'#E*9%
j*536=%6,*-%"(69*k*?,#*4)'#]"%*'6"'*40,(%*9%*5%&$%6,*-l-%*%(*9%*-0(*j*3s-*k*?,#E*'d#9
6=050=%*30--%E*'d6==6&%"(%*f*3%6,-%*%(*'%*50"F0"4*=&%'?,%*6$%5*9,#*[9%*3%6,-%E*5d%'(
9d30--%E*=0,&&6#(H0"*=0'%&^S*O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*=6"(690""%&*'%->9%*)?,#$690#&*6,
$%&>6]%*%"*30--%&*f*96*=6]%*1@T*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*D*j*R9*/*6*(&0=*90"](%-='*?,%*"0,'
=6"(690""0"'*-6#"(%"6"(E*"0,'*$0,4&#0"'*F6#&%*6,(&%-%"(*k*c*'%&6#(H5%*40"5*,"%*F6(69#()*?,%
4d6$0#&* f* j* $l(#&* 4d,"* (&0,* 36>#()* |'0"}* (&6]#?,%* =6"(690"* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1XW^* h* x* 6,&6#(H#9* ,"
O&6-%*4,*=6"(690"*50--%*#9*/*6*,"*O&6-%*4%*96*$#%*h
K"*(0,(*56'E*9%*-0(*=6"(690"*'%*$%&&6*&6==&053)*4%'*-0('*"0-'*%(*9#%"'*f*=6]%*@LW*4,
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'a*f*96*=6]%*LVE*9d#"(%&&0]6(#0"*'%*F6#(*-)(6=3/'#?,%E*36-9%((#%""%*D
j*'0"(H5%*"0'*C6->%'*4%*536#&*?,#*$0"(*-69*0,*'0"(H5%*9%'*(,>%'*50,=)'*4%'*=6"(690"'*h*kS
O6"'*96*50"5%=(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*4,*=6"(690"E*5%*4%&"#%&*6,&6#(*,"*"%u*[96*>&6],%((%^*%(*4%'
/%,g*[9%'*=053%'^*c*5d%'(*,"*-0"'(&%S*a,6"(*f*96*=6&09%*[3,-6#"%E*6&(#5,9)%Ê*%99%*$6*4%*=6#&
6$%5*9%*=6"(690"S*<9,'*=&0,$6>9%-%"(E*=6&09%*%(*=6"(690"*'%&0"(*6''05#)'*46"'*,"%*=3&6'%
4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*WLL^*?,d0"*=0,&&6*C,]%&*4)=&#-6"(%*D*j*+%*3s-*?,#*=6&9%*%g=&#-%
'0"*=6"(690"*kS*7,(&%-%"(*=0')*D*90&'?,%*9d0"*=6&9%E*5d%'(*(0,C0,&'*4,*36,(*4%*'0"*=6"(690"E
,"*=%,*50--%*'#*9%*=6"(690"*)(6#(*,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%*.'%)$9)$E*50--%*'#*=0&(%&*,"*=6"(690"E
5d)(6#(*4)Cf*6$0#&*,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%S*O%*F6#(E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*%FF%(*,"*4)>,(*4%*=0#"(*4%*$,%
',&*9%*-0"4%E*=6&*&6==0&(*f*96*=%&5%=(#0"*?,d%"*0"(*9%'*6"#-6,gS
<0#"(* 4%* $,%* D* 5%&(%'E* -6#'* =6'* $,%* 4%* 9d%'=&#(E* 9%* =6"(690"* '%* &6==%96"(* (0,C0,&'* f
"0(&%*>0"*'0,$%"#&*q*46"'*j*=6"(696&)69#(6''%*k*[+SISE*=S*X1UÊ*#9*'%*-l9%*-l-%*f*&)69#()S
7,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6*j*=6"(69%&*f*&#%"*k*[4)=&#-%&*h*l(&%*-69*46"'*'0"*=6"(690"*h^*46"'
j*=6"(696&#%"*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TA^*0,*'%*&)$09(%&*%(*j*40""%&*4,*=6"(690"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@V@^*50--%
0"*40""%*4%*96*$0#gS*:&%FE*9%*=6"(690"*%'(*0-"#=&)'%"(E*#9*%"$63#(*9%*-0"4%E*5d%'(*9%*-0"4%S
a,6"4*:%5n%((*)5&#$#(*4&'?98(&'&7*:&'%.87.:98*[50,&(*(%g(%*-)50"",*-6#'*?,%*9%*>%5n%((#%"
`SMS*6*'6"'*40,(%*9,Ê*#9*=%"'6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*5%96*q*4%*9f*f*)5&#&%*D*+%*-0"4%*%'(*9%*=6"(690"E
#9*"d/*6*?,d,"*=6'*[?,%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*9,#E*"d3)'#(%*=6'*f*F&6"53#&^S
WQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
+%*=6"(690"*&%=&)'%"(%*6,''#*9%*-0"4%*5653)*4%'*=,9'#0"'*56&*=6&9%&*4%*=6"(690"E*5d%'(
=6&9%&*4,*'%g%*?,d0"*"%*'6,&6#(*$0#&*=,#'?,d#9*%'(*5653)*=6&*9%*=6"(690"S*8d#9*"d/*6$6#(*=6'*4%
=6"(690"E*#9*"d/*6,&6#(*=6'*4dk*J0--%*4%*805#%(*k*D*0"*"d%'(*=6'*'z&*?,d746-*%z(*,"*"0->&#9
-6#'*%"*(0,'*56'E*#9*"d6$6#(*=6'*4%*=6"(690"*%(*5d%'(*=6&*30"(%*4,*=)53)*50--#'*?,d#9*6*4z*%"
-%((&%*,"E*=0,&*5653%&*9%*'%g%*F6,(#F*%(*96*F6,(%*'%g,%99%*f*9d0&#]#"%*4%*'%'*-6,g*q*$0#9f*5%
?,d#9*%"*50z(%*4%*5&0?,%&*96*=0--%*%(*4%*j*-6"]%&*4,*C6->0"*=%"46"(*96*-%''%*k*[0"*"%
&0-=(*=6'*,"*=65(%*'65&)^S*+%*=6"(690"*%'(*96*=,"#(#0"*4%*9d30--%S*8#*746-*'0,FF&%*(6"(*4%
=0&(%&*=6"(69E*5d%'(*6,''#*=6&5%*?,%*5%96*9,#*&6==%99%*(&6]#?,%-%"(*?,%*96*F,'#0"*(0(69%*6$%5
K$%*"d%'(*=9,'*$&6#-%"(*=0''#>9%*D*%"(&%*5%'*4%,gH9fE*#9*/*6,&6*(0,C0,&'*96*>6&&#.&%*4,*=6"(690"S
<0,&* =6&9%&* =9,'* =0')-%"(E* #9* %'(* 5%&(6#"* ?,%* 9%* =6"(690"E* %"* (6"(* ?,%* =&0=&%* 4%
9d30--%*%'(*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*0>'%''#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*D*>#%"*'z&E*9d%FF%(*&%53%&53)*%'(*50-#?,%
[#"50"]&,#()*4%'*$6&#6(#0"'*=&0=0')%'E*)(&6"]%()*4,*-0(*530#'#E*&)=)(#(#0"*4,*=&05)4)^*-6#'
#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,d#9*/*6*6,(&%*530'%*D*9%*=6"(690"*'%&6#(H#9*40"5*=0,&*?,%9?,%*530'%*46"'*96
50"'5#%"5%*(&6]#?,%*?,d6*'0"*=0&(%,&*4%*'6*-0&(*=&0536#"%E*=&0]&6--)%*h
8d#9*)(6#(*",*50--%*,"*6"#-69E*'#*<6"(69*"d%g#'(6#(*=6'E*9%*=0&(%,&*4,*=6"(690"*"%*'%
=0'%&6#(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* 96* ?,%'(#0"* 4%* 96* -0&(* %(* 4,* ',#5#4%* c* 4%* -l-%E* '#* 9%* =6"(690"
j*>0,FF%*k*[$8*+SISÊ*5d%'(*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*'6*=&0#%*%"*(6"(*?,d#9*"0,'*&%"$0#%*50"'(6--%"(E
=6&*'0"*=0&(*-l-%E*f*"0(&%*-0&(%99%*50"4#(#0"*D*9%*=6"(690"*%'(*,"*F9)6,E*,"%*-69)4#5(#0"E
,"%*=&)'%"5%*%"(0,&6"(%*40"(*9d30--%E*=6&F0#'E*'%*=6''%&6#(*>#%"*q*",4#'-%*%(*"6(,&#'-%
"%*'0"(*=6'*4%'*&)=0"'%'*'6(#'F6#'6"(%'*46"'*96*-%',&%*0o*9%*9,"4#*6==&0536"(E*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&
9,#*4%*&%-%((&%*9%*=6"(690"*[5%96*$696"(*6,''#*=0,&*96*53%-#'%*%(*9%*536=%6,^*%(*4%*&%=&%"4&%
9%*5099#%&*[5%*4%&"#%&*-0(*"%*'d6==9#?,6"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*6,g*'%,9'*6"#-6,g*40-%'(#?,%'^S
RKOKVK&[&*""#)'E#/&\
B0--%* #9* =&05)46* =0,&* 9%* =6"(690"E* M0$6&#"6* =9#%&6* %(* 4)=9#%&6* 9%* -0(* 6550&4)0"* %"
=9,'#%,&'* %"4&0#('* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* D* j* +%* $#%,g* +0->6&4* ?,#* 50&4)0""%* k* [=S* @XVÊ
j* K"50&4)0"* k* [=S* WTÊ* j* -0&(* %"50&4)0"* k* [=S* @@@Ê* * k* %"50&4)0"* (03,* k* [=S* @TLÊ
j* M6&504)0"-#99#>90?,%* [=S* @U1Ê* j* 6550&4)09#"6,g* k* [=S* 11XÊ* j* 6550&4)09#"6?,%'* k* [=S
QA^S*R9*/*6*9f*,"%*#4)%*(&.'*0&#]#"69%*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*4)=90/%&*9%*-0(*6550&4)0"*f*96*F6b0"
4d,"*$)&#(6>9%*6550&4)0"S*+6*"6(,&%*=6&(#5,9#.&%*4%*5%(*#"'(&,-%"(*%'(*50"(%",%*46"'*9%'
(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'*?,%*9d6,(%,&*F6#(*',>#&*6,*-0(*?,#*9%*4)'#]"%S*K"9%$%&*,"%*'/996>%*'%->9%
50&&%'=0"4&%* f* 9d65(%* ?,#* 50"'#'(%* f* 50-=&#-%&* 9d#"'(&,-%"(S* K(* 6C0,(%&* ,"%* 0,* =9,'#%,&'
'/996>%'*$0#&%*,"*-0(*[5FS*j*(03,*k^*=%&-%(*4%*4)$0#9%&*50--%*,"*"0,$%6,*'0,FF9%(*?,#*"0,'
)(6#(*5653)*f*9d)(6(*4%*$%#99%S
!"%*6,(&%*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"*40#(*#5#*l(&%*-%"(#0"")%E*5d%'(*9%*&%-=965%-%"(*[OS*`SE*=S*@UA^
4%*j*0"*k*=6&*j*6,g*k*46"'*j*6550&4)6,g*k*q*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*5%9,#*4%*j*6550&4*k*=6&*j*6'#9*k
46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*96"],%*6'#9)0"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@1T^S*a,6"(*6,g*-0('*6550&4)0"*%(*M6=09)0"E
#9'*'%->9%"(*=6&F0#'*&6==&053)'*50--%*46"'*9%*4)Cf*)$0?,)*j*M6&504)0"-#99#>90?,%*k*[?,#
50"(#%"(*6,''#*"6&50E*-#99%\-#99#0"*%(*4)>90?,%^*%(*',&(0,(*46"'*j*9dK-=0&4)0"*k*[OS`SE*=S
@TVÊ*96*-6C,5,9%*&%"$0/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*9dK-=%&%,&S
M0(0"'* %"50&%* j* -)904#"04,9%,g* k* ?,#* &%"$0#%* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,g* '0"'* -)904#%,g* [$0#&%
")>,9%,g^*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*=&04,#('*=6&*9d#"'(&,-%"(*c*9%*-0(*j*6550&4)0"*k*50"(#%"(*6,''#
j* 4)0* kE* 5%* ?,#* &%"$0#%* =%,(Hl(&%* f* j* (3)0* k* %(* f* 5%&(6#"%'* =&)055,=6(#0"'\0>'%''#0"'
"0$6&#"#%""%'*D*j*6550&4)6,g*k*[OS`SE*=S*@UA^*40#(*6,''#*'%*9#&%*50--%*j6550&4)0*kS*7,*F0"4E
9d6550&4)0"*#"56&"%*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*'0,FF9%*4#$#"*%(*96*&%'=#&6(#0"*c*5d%'(*4#&%*'0"*#-=0&(6"5%*=0,&
9d6,(%,&E*?,#*6>0&4%*%(*6''05#%*$090"(#%&'*5%'*4%,g*(3.-%'S*O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E
"0(0"'*%"50&%*46"'*F&*/#$/*[=S@@L^*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*4%,g*6550&4)0"'E*9d,"*4#(*j*4&s96(#?,%*kE
WW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
9d6,(&%*j*=6(3)(#?,%*kE*5%*?,#*#-=9#?,%*,"*$6*%(*$#%"(*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*6550&4)0"
)96'(#?,%*k*\*j*6550&4)0"*5&,5#F#)*k*[OS`SE*=S*@@@^S
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&B*9%*=3)"0-."%*4%*96*&%'=#&6(#0"*'%&6*)$0?,)*%"50&%*=9,'
"%((%-%"(*D*j*B%*?,%*C%*$%,g*5d%'(*(%'*40,>9%'*=0,-0"'*?,#*'d4)=9#%"(*%"*6550&4)0"'*k*[=S
@1U^S*<9,'*#-=9#5#(%-%"(E*9d#4)%*4%*'0,FF9%(*&%'=#&6(0#&%*%(*6550&4)0"#?,%*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,(H
l(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*4.'K*G8&*6$%5*,"%*=3&6'%*?,6'#-%"(*(60{'(%*50--%*j*+%*$#(69#'-%*%(
9%*-0&(69#'-%*'0"(*4%,g*(3)0&#%'*?,#*%"*-0#*'%*50->6((%"(*50"(#"z-%"(*536?,%*F0#'*?,%
Cd&%'=#&%*k*[=S*11^S
+%*&6==0&(*4%*9d6,(%,&*f*9d#"'(&,-%"(*%"*?,%'(#0"*%'(*%"*F6#(*50-=9.(%-%"(*6FF%5(#F*D*=0,&
45C/%.*&'E#)$&#A*?,#*F,(*C0,)*f*96*B0-)4#%*Z&6"b6#'%*[9#%,*0o*9%*=#6"0*4,*=6,$&%*"d6*=6'
F0&5)-%"(*'6*=965%Ê*#9*4#&6*f*9d0556'#0"*4d,"%*#"(%&$#%~*',&*Z&6"5%*B,9(,&%*D*j*R9*F6996#(*?,d,"
6550&4)0"*=6''%*46"'*96*'699%*N#53%9#%,*kS*B30'%*&)$)96(&#5%*D*B3&#'(#6"*<6550,4*%'(*4%$%",
,"*=#9#%&*4%*96*(&0,=%*4%*M0$6&#"6S*B%96*4#(E*9%*F6-%,g*j*6550&4)0"*k*?,#*j*|=6''6}*46"'*96
'699%*N#53%9#%,*k*%(*40"(*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*=6&9%*6$%5*,"*'0,&#&%*-69#5#%,g*"d)(6#(*5%&(6#"%-%"(
=6'*9f*=0,&*F6#&%*C09#*"#*=0,&*F6#&%*,"*59#"*4dr#9*%(*%"50&%*-0#"'*=0,&*F6#&%*=%,=9%*[9d)5,%#9
=0''#>9%*4%*96*4)-6]0]#%*6/6"(*(0,C0,&'*)()*)$#()*=6&*9d6,(%,&^*D*f*,"*-0-%"(*40"")*4%*96
=#.5%E*9d6550&4)0"*40""%*=9,'*?,%*9%*&/(3-%*f*O6"#%9*_"/n*D*#9*9d)9%5(&0530?,%*%(*9%*F6#(*'%
-0,$0#&*D*5d%'(*,"*#"'(&,-%"(*4%*$#%E*4%*-0&(*%(*4%*&)',&&%5(#0"S
+d6"")%* ',#$6"(%E* f* 7$#]"0"E* 9d6550&4)0"* &%$#%"(* F6#&%* ,"* (0,&* 4%* =#'(%* %(* &)6==6&6w(
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*46"'*96*]90#&%*50-#?,%*4%*96*B0,&*4dJ0""%,&S*B3&#'(#6"*<6550,4*?,#((%
690&'*9d36>#(*4%*5%*O05(%,&*Z&6"n%"'(%#"*40""6"(*96*$#%*]&p5%*f*96*-,'#?,%*=0,&*'%*50"F0"4&%
,"*=%,*6$%5*,"%*K'(3%&*‚#99#6-'*?,#*6,&6#(*530#'#*9d6550&4)0"*%(*4%$%"#&E*9%*(%-='*4d,"%
'5."%E* 9%* -6w(&%* 4d,"* >699%(* "6,(#?,%* '6"'* %6,* -6#'* 6,H4%'','* 4,?,%9* =96"%* 9d0->&%
'=%5(&69%*4%*Z%&"6"4%9*536"(6"(*4&'L.809'>9)/&*%"*30--6]%*f*O6"#%9*_"/n*?,#*640&6#(*5%(
6#&S*+f*%"50&%E*9d6550&4)0"*%'(*-#'*46"'*96*9,-#.&%E*9d6==6&#(#0"*%"*?,%'(#0"*=0,$6"(*-l-%
F6#&%*=%"'%&*f*,"*50&(.]%*4d6"]%'*6550&4)0"#'(%'*"0"*&%5%"')'*=6&*O6"(%*46"'*96*4%&"#.&%
=6&(#%*4%*4.'@$;$8&'>9?I($&S
RKOKcK&D1()%-&9#"*B$%20,(* 5%* 4)9#&%* 6,(0,&* 4d,"* -0(* q* "d0,>9#0"'* =6'* 9%'* $6&#6(#0"'* ',&
j*$056>,96#&%*k*[j*$0569,>&%E*$056>,9#'-%E*$056>,96>,96#&%*k*$8*BSJSÊ*j*0&%#99%*k*[j*0&#99%E
$0&%#99%'E*0,&%#99%E*0&#99.&%*k*#"*+SIS^*%(*j*0&#F#5%*k*[5FS*j*0&#F#5#%&'E*0&#F#5#%9E*0&#F65%E*0&#F0"4E
|'d}* 6#-%&* 4d0&#F#5%E* 50--%((&%* 9d0&#F#5%E* 5&#-%* 4%* 9d0&#F#5%* k* $0#&%* 0&#F#9'E* -0(* ',]])&)^* q
=%,(*6,''#*50"5%&"%&*4%'*'0"'*50--%*46"'*j*:0,#990"E*:&0,(#99%E*:0,u#99%*%(*:0,u#990"*k
46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&* [=S* 1@^* %(* -l-%* ,"* "0-* =&0=&%E* 5%&(%'* 6''%u* #"6((%"4,* -6#'* ?,#
-0"(&%*?,%E*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%&(6#"%'*6==6&%"5%'*(&.'*(&0-=%,'%'E*M0$6&#"6*[?,#*)$0?,%&6
)]69%-%"(*+%56",%(*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*P#'56&4*4dK'(6#"]*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*0,
:&#5%*+690"4%E*4%*`#99#%&'*%(*B3%$."%-%"(*46"'*4.'K*G8&Ê*"%*'%*4)'#"()&%''%*=6'*4%*96
530'%*=09#(#?,%*D*#9*'d6]#(E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*4,*=&)'#4%"(*<0-=#40,E*40"(*9%*"0-E*4)Cf*6''%u
5056''%*%"*9,#H-l-%E*'%&6*4)59#")*4%*?,6(&%*-6"#.&%'*4#FF)&%"(%'*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.
;$&*D*j*<0-=#40>96&4*k*[=S*VUÊ*j*9d30--%*4%*<0-=9#4%*k*[=S*@AQÊ*j*=0-=#]"096(*k*[=S@@T^
%(*j*=0-=#]"09)*k*[=S*@@T^S
7*96*=6]%*UW*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*0"*(&0,$%&6*4%'*"0-'*#")4#('*F0&-)'E*'%->9%H
(H#9E* f* =6&(#&* 4%* =0,''#.&%* %(* 4%* '/996>%'* 6''%u* 50,&6"(%'* 46"'* 5%&(6#"'* =6/'* 4%* 9d%'(* D
j*<0,''#)&0"0$"6*k*%(*j*O0=0=0,''#)&%$*k*c*0"*9%*$0#(E*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9*/*6#(*4)5#4)-%"(*4,
=0(653%*53%u*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[%(*=0,&(6"(*5%((%*=0,''#.&%*50"(%",%*46"'*,"*"0-*=&0=&%
6""0"5%*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*6$%5*3,-0,&*"0#&*9%*4%$%"#&*=0,''#.&%*4%'*4%,g*=%&'0""6]%'^S
WX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
O6"'* 96* &%$,%* F.;.* K,]."%* M#509%* "0,'* F%&6* =6&(* 4%* '%'* &%-6&?,%'* 50"5%&"6"(* 9%'
(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'*4d74&6-)9%53*D
Si d’aventure s’allonge le récit d’un personnage, plus il parle, plus son nom
est l’objet de dérision. Le montrent ces quelque quinze pages du « monologue
d’Adramalech » (Babil ; p. 239-254) où, significativement, la déformation du nom
éponyme (Adraméon, Ablamélion, Ablamélech, Albert Billoux, Adramélusse,
etc.) s’accompagne volontiers de reproches visant cette parole intempestive :
« Ablidalech, ton babillage m’empêche de te compter les pas ! (Babil ; p. 240) ;
« Funèbre, il rajouta : « Cause, cause, Adramélon ! » (p. 251) ; monologue enfin
16
dont L’Enfant Excellent dira qu’il fut « Tout le murmure d’Aglabadon (p. 262).
@U
<9,'*&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(E*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*46"'*j*<%(#(*4)>6(*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/k E
F%&6*5%((%*0>'%&$6(#0"*D
Le trou […] donne lieu à la déclinaison comique de l’expression trou-du-cul,
sous des formes enjouées : Durèque - Troudaque -Trouduque - Trouduquets Trouducul - Peaus-ducs, et mène le cortège des vulves, fentes, failles, col, rond,
con : ainsi circule tout au long la Romantique-chanson-du-con-de-Bérie.
RKRK&d%-&)%"#)'-&'%&$#/01%1)
K"F#"E* 9%* -0(H6550&4)0"* =%,(* 6,''#* '%* 4)=90/%&* 4%* F6b0"* (0,(* f* F6#(* %g(&60&4#"6#&%* c
5%96* "0,'* 40""%&6* 9%'* j* )>/>&653)5)")(#5#%"'* k* [-0(* 0o* #9* '%->9%* ?,d#9* /* 6#(
4%'* >&6"53#%'E* 4,* >6(&65#%"* %(* 4,* ])")(#5#%"^* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* %(* 4%'* $%&>%'
"0,$%6,g* q* 5FS* j* 96* $0#g* |t}* 'd)$6>0-#"6409,#(kE* j* <,#'* (0,(* 'd6$6>0-#"0409,#(* k* %(
j*]0]"#$6''#96')5,9#%&6>0"4696"b6#'*k*[`SaSE*=S*W@^S
7,(&%* %g%-=9%* D* j* P,6"]964)>9#>6&4)]9640"* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* 1XAÊ* j* ?,#* '#]"#F#%
;4%((%* %"* 3)>&%,* %(* +)0"* %"* 96=0"* k* q* -6#'* 6,''#* j* O,5(0>96"])$64#])40"* k* [OS7SE
=S* @1LÊ* j* 4)],#99%]6"]9640"* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* 1WA^* %(* j* I6(&6-#(&6=#(&6''0"* [:SBSOSE
=S* @TUÊ* '6"'* 0,>9#%&* 9%'* j* w9%'* N6"]%64)>96$6&4)]964#"%'* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1X1^* %(
j*5369,-#"6(#''69#=#6,g*k*[7S`SE*=S*@@@^*0o*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9*/*6#(*,"*5369,-%6,*%(*=%,(Hl(&%
-l-%*4%'*=d(#('*'690=#0('*4d-6&',=#6,gS
I0#"'* F&)?,%"(* 46"'* 9%'* =#.5%'* ?,#* ',#$%"(E* 9%* C%,* '%* &%(&0,$%&6* "0(6--%"(
46"'* 4.' K*G8&* 0o* 9d0"* 5&0#'%&6* ,"%* j* =&0(0(,&>0=&0=,9'%,'%* k* [=S* @AA^* %(
,"* -/'()&#%,g* j* 53&s9s-0"s-6(#?,%* k* [=S* 1U^* c* ,"* 6,(&%* -0(E* %"50&%* =9,'
90"]E* "0,'* 6,&6* =%,(Hl(&%* )536==)* -6#'* 9%* j* &%50&4* 4%* 90"],%,&* k* "0,'
'%->9%* 4)(%",* =6&* 5%9,#* 4%* O#0]."%* ',&]#''6"(* %(* 6""0"b6"(* j* Kg=9#56(#0"
4,* -0"4%* D* '590&-4&$#(53#9#n#(53#n#0,54#53#(&#>#5#5-C09C6],/]#,#C#* k* [8SE* =S* @@UÊ
2&#"#()* 9,#* 0==0'6"(* =9,'#%,&'* =6]%'* =9,'* 90#"* [=S* @LQ^* D* j* Kg=9#56(#0"* 4,
-0"4%* D* 96$696&6$6-6"6--696$6"6$696&6-"6* kE* 5%* ?,#* "d%'(* =6'* =9,'* 596#&S* O6"'
45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&' [=%,(H0"* %"50&%* =6&9%&* 4%* -0(* h^* '%&6* )5&#(* %"* -6C,'5,9%'
j*K+KIK28x8!OKP7PM7+MR7I!J2M72K2MKIK+:7N;+<KOi!7ZK8NK`MR+KG*k[* =S
@T@^* c* ?,6"(* f* '6$0#&* 5%* ?,%* 5%96* $%,(* 4#&%E* 5d%'(* ,"%* 6,(&%* =6#&%* 4%* -6"53%'* %(* "0,'
&%"0"b0"'*#5#*[9d6,(%,&*6/6"(*&),''#*'0"*50,=^*f*=&0=0'%&*4%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'S*I6#'*=0,&*9%
j**:6/646"6&646"69C696"6$646&6"6$6*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@Ê*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*"0,$%6,*(%g(%*'65&)
[4,*>0,443#'-%*0,*4%*9d3#"40,#'-%^S
16
@U
&P#QD:%&E+<*-%?&@&L%>&'R-%>&$#&:*M&$.:>&-%&"()G"'%&$%&CFEF&B?&9.A.?&:ST?&U.+:"4P>"DA%?&)")&0115?&/F&J0F
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*<%(#(*4)>6(*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*kE*C#)9%&B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*@QLS
WT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
R9*/*6*%"50&%*[8SE*=S*WV^*96*j*>6"4%&09%*0o*#9*%'(*)5&#(*',&*,"%*F65%*k*[9d6,(&%*F65%*4#'6"(
*D*j*R5#*F,(*)536"])*=0,&*96*=&%-#.&%*F0#'*4,*(%-='*4d30--%*50"(&%*4,*(%-='*4%*530'%'*k^
j* K-]#")"%(%&#0&#-",'"64'"0/0$',0"* k* [-6"#.&%* 4%* -%((&%* %"* '5."%* ,"%* 6,(&%* F0&-%
4%* &)$%&'#>#9#()^* c* %"F#"E* "d0,>9#0"'* ',&(0,(* =6'* j* 6"6'(6'#=6&65/590-)(6=6&5#'=9%"4#4%* k
4%* +5J)$0$8&' )9#0&* [=S* 1A1Ê* -0(* 469#"#%"* [#9* %"* #"$%"(6* 4%* '#-#96#&%'* D
j*65#404)'0g/&#>0",59)#?,%'*kE*j*P6965#46965#4%'0g/&#>0",59%#565#4*k^*F6>&#?,)*f*=6&(#&*4%
&65#"%'*]&%5?,%'*%(*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*4)'#]"%&*,"%*56()]0&#%*"0,$%99%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*l(&%*5%99%
4%*9d3/=%&H>%6,()S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@AAÊ*0"*#"$%"(%*,"*"0,$%6,*C0,&"69*699%-6"4*0,*30996"46#'
6,*(#(&%*50-=9#?,)*[j*9%*I0&]%"&#Cn'46]>96((*k^*%(*46"'*'6*50"(&#>,(#0"*6,*&%5,%#9*L+IM7)&/
@L
(,*;&)=&* E*+)0=094*$0"*`%&'53,%&E*)$0?,6"(*9%*=6''#0""6"(*=&0>9.-%*4%*96*(&64,5(#0"*4%
M0$6&#"6*[%(*4,*"0$6&#"#%"Ê*&%-6&?,%**['6*&%-6&?,%*$696"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*=0,&*9%*30"]&0#'E
@V
* *
6,(&%*96"],%*6]]9,(#"6"(%*40"(*9d6,(%,&*=6&9%*-6]"#F#?,%-%"(*46"'*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7* ^*D
Il y a en allemand des structures splendides auxquelles on ne penserait
jamais si l’on se limitait au champ linguistique de ce qu’on obtient par
une traduction « pure », si du moins cela existe […]. Prenons l’exemple
le plus connu : il y a en allemand la possibilité de former des chaînes de
substantifs là où d’autres langues sont obligées d’avoir recours à des
mots de liaison : « c’bricadron d’théâtruscule d’accumulation d’dépots des
restes des anciennes représentations des postures des anciens hommes »
dans la Lettre aux acteurs a donné un beau mot allemand bien long : dieser
Kram von Theatruskel ist nichts andres als eine Anhaufung von uber-holten
Menschenpositurenaltvorstellungsrestdepots ». Je pars du principe que si
Novarina avait été allemand il aurait vraisemblablement crée un mot trois fois
plus long !
RKUK&D1()%-&5#'*$2(E-&'P*$$#/0%5%/(&'1&5#(
K&N*"4"'.+:&%"&:)*-*Q+%&<*M/*>)%
7$6"(* 4d%"* F#"#&* 6$%5* 9%* -0(H6550&4)0"E* #9* F6,4&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* =6&9%&* 4,* -0(H50-=0')H
6550&4)0"E*9%*(#&%(*C0,6"(*9%*&s9%*4%*50,&&0#%*%"(&%*9%'*~6]0"'*4,*-0(H(&6#"*6#"'#*0>(%",E
50--%* 46"'* 9%* jF#9'* 4%* =&0=&#)(6#&%* ]&0'HF%&-#%&'* F#6"5)'* 96H$%#99%H4%'* "05%'* k* ?,%* 9d0"
5&0#'%*46"'*D.:/7.E&*[=SXVV^*c*5%96*'%*=0,&',#(*4d6#99%,&'*6$%5*9%'*j*$%6,gH]&6'H>#%"H40,#99%('
>#%"H50'','* k* =,#'E* =6]%* TAAE* 6$%5* ,"%* j* -%,(%* 4d%"'%#]"%'H56=0&6,gH0FF#5#%&'H'0,'H
0FF#5#%&'H%(H'0946('k
+%* =&05)4)* q* ?,#* &6==%99%* ,"* =%,* 96* j* N)=,>9#?,%* 2530,50H-650H>&0-0H5&0$."%* k
4%* B)9#"%* [#"* 45C0:$/&Ê* $0#&%* 9%* F6-%,g* j* G,9%'H4%H53%uH8-#(3H%"HF65%* k* 4%* Z&6"?,#"* q
'%&6*4%*"0,$%6,*,(#9#')*46"'*Z69'(6F%*6$%5*j*&)]9%&*'0"*50-=(%*>0#''0"H50,$%&(H'%&$#5%H
50-=&#'* k* [=S* T@A^* -6#'* 6,''#* 46"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/* [=S* VA^* 6$%5* 9%'
j*0#'%6,gH4%H(0,(%'H9%'H56]%'*&#'?,%"(H=6'H4%HF6#&%H,"%H'0&(#%*46"'H5%H-#&0#&*kS*O6"'*4&
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'[=S*@LVÊ*#9*'%->9%*?,d0"*&%(&6$6#99%*6"()=)",9(#.-%*=0,&*5&)%&*,"*-0(
50-=0')*%"50&%*=9,'*90"]*c*0"*=6&9%&6*%"*%FF%(*4d,"*j*,&#.-%H,9(#.-%H,"#.-%H)(%&",#.-%
=0&(%H'/996>%* %(* >0"* 4%&"#%&* 4,* "0-* k* [%(* "0(0"'* ?,%* 96* =6&(#%* j* )(%&",#.-%* k* 6''05#%
@L
**+%0=094*$0"*`%&'3,%&E*j*+#>&%*53,(%*%(*46"'%*46"'*96*=6&09%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.SL+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*11LS
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*!"%*96"],%*-6(%&"%99%*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%*kE*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7E*I6/%""%E*<S;S+E*=S*@UX*%(*',#(%S
@V
WU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(* )(%&"#()* %(* )(%&",%-%"(^S* 8,&* ,"%* '%,9%* %(* -l-%* =6]%* [5FS* =S* V1^* 4%
N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&*7&?%/E*0"*9#&6*j*56"(0"H4,H53%FH4%g(&%*k*%(*j*56"(0"H4,H53%FH'%"%'(&%*k
-6#'* 6,''#* j* 6,gH(&0#'H6'(&%'H4%H=0,&=&%H%(H4d6u,&* kE* j* ,"%H(%&&%H4%H'6>9%H6,gH)=#'H4d0&H
',&H536-=H(6"")*kE*j*",)%H$#09%((%H',&H536-=H4d6&]%"(*k*%(*%"F#"*j*=%"46"(%'H=%"")%'H
4d0&* kS* O6"'* F&* /#$/E* 0,(&%* j* -#",'5,9%H(&0,=,'5,9%* k* [=S* 1A1Ê* 0"* 6,&6* j* 4%'H4,?,%9'H
'%->96>9%'H#40#"%'H%(H#'#(0#"%'*k*[=S*Q@^*%(*j*l(&%*"0,&&#*f*-0,&#&*4%*F0&5%*k*[=S*WX^S
O6"'*(0,'*5%'*%g%-=9%'E*6,5,"*'%"'*"%*'%*4)]6]%*$&6#-%"(*D*,"*-0(H(&6#"*"d%"*5653%
=6'* ,"%* 6,(&%S* Bd%'(* C,'(%* ,"%* F#],&%* 4%* '(/9%* %g#'(6"(* =0,&* %99%H-l-%E* ,"%* F#],&%* '6"'
'#]"#F#56(#0"S*[0"*$%&&6*?,%*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%^S*<6&*9d%-=90#*4d,"*(%9*=&05)4)*[$(&?*=0,&
96*j*-l-%*-l-%&#%*k*0,*5%&(6#"'*")090]#'-%'Ê*0"*5&#(#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*#-=9#5#(%-%"(*9%*4)'#&
F0&5%")*4%*50-=&%"4&%*D*#5#E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*?,%'(#0"*q*#9*'d6]#(*=9,(s(*4%*'%*'#(,%&*6#99%,&'E
',&*4d6,(&%'*=96"'*[%g=&%''#FE*%'(3)(#?,%E*50-#?,%E*6>',&4%E*=6(6=3/'#?,%E*%(5S^S
R9*%g#'(%*%"50&%*4%'*-0('*50-=0')'*#")4#('*=0,$6"(*50"5%&"%&*4%'*64C%5(#F'*6,*'%"'
&%"F0&5)*%(\0,*&%"4,*=9,'*=&)5#'*50--%*j*')$.&%H5,#'6"(%*4)F6#(%*k*[$8*;SRS^*$0#&%*4d#")4#(%'
F#],&%'*4%*]/-"6'(#?,%*50--%*96*j*56>&#09%H56>&64%*k*[GSNSE*=S*VU^S*+%*=&05)4)*=%&-%(
=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#E*=6&F0#'E*4d655)9)&%&*96*$#(%''%*])")&69%*4,*(%g(%*D*l(&%*j*',&=&#'H>&6"9)*k*=6&
%g%-=9%*[+SISE*=S*QTL^*&%-=965%*'6"'*40,(%E*%(*4%*50-#?,%*F6b0"*D*l(&%*',&=&#'*%"*(&6#"
4%*'%*>&6"9%&S
O)(6#9*=9,'*?,d#-=0&(6"(*D*9%'*4%,g*=6&(#%'*4,*-0(*=0,&&0"(*50&&%'=0"4&%*f*4%'*&)69#()'
4#FF)&%"(%'*$0#&%*6"(6]0"#'(%'*[&%"$0/0"'*f*96*')&#%*4%'*F#],&%'*4%*46"'%*)$0?,)%'*46"'*4.
>+.$)'(&':5+9??&^*D*5d%'(*,"%*6,(&%*-6"#.&%*4%*=&6(#?,%&*9d0g/-0&%E*?,%*5%*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&
4%*9d0g/-0(H$69#'%*D*0,(&%*j*5)9%'(0H(%&&%'(&%*kE*0"*6*"0(6--%"(*[$8*BSJSE*=S*1TW^*,"*j*=0#&#%&H
=0--#%&*kS*:96"530(*'d/*%''6/6*6,''#*?,#E*46"'*,"*6&(#59%*',&*7&(6,4*F#],&6"(*46"'*4&':$;)&
1A
* *
\';&8$)* E*'%*'%&$#(*4,*=&05)4)*=0,&*#"$%"(%&*j*$#'#>9%H#"$#'#>9%*k*q*%(*0"*$%&&6*?,%*4%*(%9'
-0('*'0"(*&)5,&&%"('*53%u*:6n(3#"%*90&'?,d#9*)$0?,%*9dr,$&%*4%*Z&6"b0#'*N6>%96#'S
1@
O6"'*,"*6&(#59%*#"(#(,9)*j*+%*]&6"4*9#$&%*4%*G%6"*k E*7"4&)*O%=&6u*5#(%E*9,#E*,"%*=3&6'%
4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'0o*9d0"*=%,(*9#&%*9%'*-0('H50-=0')'*j*$#$6"(H(&6#"6"(*kE*j*50&='H
6->,96"(*kE*j*(&.'H(&.'*k*%(*jl(&%HfHl(&%*kS*7*96*=6]%*XL*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*"0(0"'*f*"0(&%
(0,&*?,d0"*5&0#'%*4%'*-0('*50-=0')%'*(/=#?,%-%"(*"0$6&#"#%"'*50--%*j*0,#(6"(%H5,>%*k
0,*j*B3&0"0-6"%H<0(#46*k*%(E*%"50&%*=9,'*90"]*[=S*Q1^*D*j*4%'?,%9'HF6,(%,&'H4d65(#0"H%"H
%6,gH5&%,'%'H=6&$%"6#%"(HfH'%H-6#"(%"#&H',&H=965%*k*c*#9*/*6,&6*-l-%E*f*96*=6]%*@XL*4%
45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&B*,"*=&0$%&>%H(&6#"*j*|0,9#=)}*=6&*:6>0,#"*k*D*j*80,=%HfH96H]&#-65%H
6-6#]&#(H96H90,53%* kS* O6"'* 4.' K*G8&E* #9* "0,'* F6,(* "0(%&* [=S* XU^* j* '#H(6"(H?,%H'0#(HF6#&%H
'%H=%,(* k* ?,#* -)96"]%* )(&6"]%-%"(* 4%,g* %g=&%''#0"'* 50"",%'* %(* 4%'* "0-'* 50-=0')'
f* &6990"]%* 50--%* j* :%&"6&4* O,49#0H:%&(30-#%&HI0"(6],(H:69>,9,'* k* %(* j* 7""%H80=3#%
`#996"4&%(HO,>0,90uHO,$69H;&9)0-#(&%H86->&)-%,'%* k* [=S* VU^S* I0(* 50-=0')* =9,'* 50,&(E
0"*)$0?,%&6*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@V^*9%'*j*'%&$#5%'*50-=)(%"('H-,"#5#=6,g*k*q*46"'
45C8;&)/'(&*:5&/%)$7E*5d%'(*,"*3/>&#4%*j*'#"]%H%(H6"]%*k*?,%*9d0"*&%"50"(&%E*9%*C6&&/?,%*%(
'#-#%'?,%*j*<6=#0"H4%H"6]%*k*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"S
K"F#"E*0"*&%5%"'%*4%'*56'E*(0,(*f*F6#(*&6&#''#-%'E*4%*j*")090]#%*50-=0')%*k*50--%*96
j*'=96"696"4%,&H6"6'=9%"4#4%*k*[;SRSE*=S*1UÊ*0o*9%'*4%,g*-0('*50-=0'6"(*9%*-0(*50-=0')
"%*$%,9%"(*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"*4#&%E*-l-%*'#*0"*=0,&&6#(*50"'#4)&%&*?,%*96*j*'=96"696"4%,&H
6"6'=9%"4#4%*k*&%"F0&5%*%"50&%*9%*50"5%=(E*4)Cf*(6,(090]#?,%E*4%*j*'=9%"4%,&*'=9%"4#4%*kS
1A
**I6,&#5%*:96"530(E*4&':$;)&'\';&8$)E*R4)%'\P699#-6&4E*1#.-%*(&#-%'(&%*@VU@E*=S*XWS
1@
**7"4&)*O%=&6uE*j*+%*]&6"4*9#$&%*4%*G%6"*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*XAS
WL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
K&V)/)"+"+*:&$%>&-%""'%>&*#&$%>&>O--.H%>
7,(&%* =&05)4)* f* '#]"69%&E* =6&* %g%-=9%* 46"'* F&' /#$/* [5FS* =S* 1AVÊ* ?,#* 50"'#'(%* f
6990"]%&* ,"* -0(* %"* )5&#$6"(* ,"%* -l-%* 9%((&%* =9,'#%,&'* F0#'* D* j* =ppppppppp&9%* kE
j*53#FF&))))))%%%%%%%%*kE*j*46"]%%%%%%%%%%))))))%*k*c*46"'*9%'*(&0#'*F#"'*4%*(#&64%*%"
?,%'(#0"E*0"*=0,&&6*-l-%*"0(%&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=&0]&%''#0"*=,#'?,d0"*50-=(%&6*V*j*p*kE*@W
j)k\j%k* D* %(* @U* j%k\j)kS* O.'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/' &7' 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E
0"* &%"50"(&6#(* 5%* 56'* 4%* F#],&%* D* j* pppppp"#-6,g* 4,* =pppppppppppptS* h* k* [:SBSOSE
=S* Q@TÊ* j* ;* 5sss"%&#%'* m* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* @TXÊ* j* :0&&&&&&&4%9* k* [+SISE* =S* WW@^* %(* ',&(0,(
j*F96-----------------%*k*[+SISE*=S*QVL^S*O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0"*6,&6
9%*C%,*4d)530*j*>&,####(*k*\*j*,,,,*k*f*96*=6]%*1UA*%(*j*5646$&)%%%*k*f*96*=6]%*W1WS
O6"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&E* 9%* =&05)4)* F%&6* &%(0,&* 6$%5* 9d%g=&%''#F
j* n#90-)))(&#?,%-%"(* k* [=S* X1^* 46"'* 9%?,%9* 9d6990"]%-%"(* '%&6* &6550&4* 6$%5* 9d)$056(#0"
4d,"%*,"#()*4%*-%',&%E*9%*n#90-.(&%E*'d6==9#?,6"(*C,'(%-%"(*f*96*90"],%,&S*M0(0"'*%"50&%
j*6p6&]%"(*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AL^*%(*%"F#"*9d#-=&%''#0""6"(*j*(03,H>03,,,,,$6H>030303,3030,,
30zH0zH0,*k*[;SRSE*=S*@QLÊ*?,#*6990"]%*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(*j*(03,H>03,*k*[#9*F6,(*4#&%*?,d0"
'%* '%&(* 6,''#* 4,* (#&%(E* 50--%* 46"'* j* >0,H0,H0,('* k* f* 96* =6]%* @QX^* %(* ?,#* %'(* 50--%
,"*]&6"4*5&#*50-#?,%*%(*0&]6'-#?,%S*B%((%*F#],&%E*B64#0(*9d,(#9#'6*[j*')))))&#%,g*kÊ*(0,(
50--%* a,%"%6,* [j==================6&4%'','* kE* j* =6&4%'''''''''''''''''','* kE
j* =6&4%'',''''''''''''''''''''''* k^S* K"F#"E* 96* 4)5&#$6"(* 46"'* 9%* V).(#/* q* f* 9d%"(&)%
j*K(#&%-%"(*k*[=S*1A@^*q*O,=&#%u*"0,'*4#(*?,d%99%*=%&-%(*4%*j*&%"4&%*=9,'*'%"'#>9%*9d0>C%(*0,
9%*-0,$%-%"(*kE*5#(%*G0/5%*[j*Z0,0,'H-0#*96*=6#g*kE*j*;*-6*I099/*4dR&96"H6"H4%*k^*%(*2u6&6
[j*I))))())))0000&00009000]#%*k^*%"*)$0?,6"(*9%*j*30?,%(*9/&#?,%*k*?,#*'%*&%"50"(&%*6,
(3)p(&%*D*46"'*9%*56'*4%*+5J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*5d%'(*4%*5%96*?,d#9*'d6]#(S
I0#"'* 0&#]#"6,g* %(* -0#"'* '=%5(65,96#&%'E* '#]"690"'* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* j* 76663* k* %(
j*666363363636363*k*[=S*@QQ^S*O%*-l-%E*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#B*0"*"%*"0(%*?,%*j*K)))))H
)H)H)H)H)H50,(%* k* [=S* @WA^* -6#'* 0"* 5&0#'%* %"* &%$6"53%* 4%'* ")090]#'-%'* f* 56&65(.&%
3,-0&#'(#?,%* 50--%* j* '05#)(0(0(090],%* k* [=S* @@1Ê* j* 6"6(0H(6,(090]#'(%* k* [=S* @@1^* $0#&%
j* ()9)9)9)$#9#'#>#9#'.&%"(* k* %(* j* 7"(3&0=0=09/$0&#65)%'* k* 0o* 5%* '0"(* 9%'* '/996>%'* [5FS
j* (0(0(0* kE* j* (0H(6,(0* kE* j* ()9)9)9)* k* %(* j* =0=0* k^* ?,#* '%* $0#%"(* &)=)()%'* 4d,"%* F6b0"
-69#5#%,'%-%"(*%"F6"(#"%*?,#*6,&6#(*6-,')*26&4#%,*q*$(&?*=0,&*9%*'0"*>,*46"'*9%*>#u6&&%
j*`056>,96>,96#&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QWQ^*?,#*)$0?,%*,"*$056>,96#&%*=6(#>,96#&%*%(*9%*'0"*&6*46"'
j*&6&6-6"6''%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAVÊ*&6-6''%&*)(6"(*)]69%-%"(*&%(&6$6#99)*%"*j*&6-6'',.&%"(*k
%(*j*&6-6(,#''.&%"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*1UT^S
UK&,P*:#"#:%
UKOK&,%&5#(&['E"*:2(\&+&1/&:)#"E'E&E()*/0%&%(&:#E(231%
7,* -l-%* (#(&%* ?,%* 9%* -0(H$69#'%* 0,* 9%* -0(H6550&4)0"E* 9%* =&05)4)* 4%* 9d6=050=%E* 'd#9* %'(
,(#9#')*6''%u*>6"69%-%"(*46"'*4%'*56'*50--%*F65*=0,&*F65,9()*0,*=%&=.(%*=0,&*=%&=)(,#()
['6"'* 0,>9#%&* =&%'(6E* 50"'0E* 56F.(dE* 530&)E* #-=%&E* 50-=.(dE* 50-=#9dE* ')5,E* %(5S^* 0,* =9,'
=09#(#?,%-%"(*46"'*9%*=30")(#?,%*j*I#5n%/*I60*k*F6#(*6,''#*=6&(#%*4%*9d6&'%"69*&3)(0&#?,%
4d,"*M0$6&#"6E*-l-%*'#*5%((%*(%53"#?,%*%'(*-0#"'*,(#9#')%*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*&)5%"(%'S*O6"'
4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*=0,&*9d#"'(6"(E*'#]"690"'*=6&*%g%-=9%*j*+d30--%*?,#*]&0"4*k*[=S*1AÊ
j*9%*96"],6*k*[=STVÊ*j*'6&50*k*[=S*@QWÊ*j*9%*50,(%6,*F0&-#46*k*[=S*@TAÊ*j*5%((%*>0#''0"
F0&-#46*k*[=S@T@Ê*j*I%''#%,&'HI%'46'*k*[=S@UTÊ*j*-%'*=#*k*[=S@LA^*%(*j*,"*-0(*'0,'*96
=0*k*[=S*1TU^S
WV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
K"50&%*,"%*F0#'*D*&%F,'*4,*-0(*(%9*?,d#9*'%*=&)'%"(%*f*'0#E*46"'*9%*96"]6]%*50,&6"(*0,
46"'*9%'*4#5(#0""6#&%'S*+d6=050=%*%'(*,"%*"0,$%99%*-6"#.&%E*$0#&%*,"*-0/%"*=&#$#9)]#)E*4%
'd0==0'%&*5&p"%-%"(*%(*3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*f*96*j*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*k*['0#(*9%*F&6"b6#'*D*"0,'*9%
',==0'0"'Ê*5%((%*'0,'*=6&(#%*6""0"b6"(*=6&F6#(%-%"(**96*(&0#'#.-%*)(6=%*4%*"0(&%*=&%-#.&%
=6&(#%* 0o* '%&6* )(,4#)%* 6$%5* =9,'* 4%* =&)5#'#0"* 96* "6(,&%* 4%* 5%* &%F,'* c* $0/0"'* 40"5* =0,&
9d#"'(6"(*%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*9%*(&6#(%-%"(*6=050=69*4%*5%&(6#"'*4%*5%'*$056>9%'t
UKRK&[L*5%\&%(&['P*1(#)\&+&$P*:#"#:%&"#55%&9%"(%1)&'%&)=(<5%
+d6=050=%*=%,(*)]69%-%"(*l(&%*,(#9#')*46"'*,"*'0,5#*(&.'*5)9#"#%"*4%*&/(3-%*4%*=3&6'%*%(*4%
-,'#569#()S*Bd%'(*5%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*%g=9#?,%&*9d0-"#=&)'%"5%*[46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4,*4)>,(^*4,*-0(
j*C6-%*k*[=0,&*j*C6-6#'*k^*?,#*&%$#%"(*6,''#*'0,$%"(*%(*["0,'*'%->9%H(H#9^*=0,&*9%'*-l-%'
&6#'0"'*?,%*9d6&]0(#?,%*j*4d6,(0&*k*[=0,&*j*4d6,(0&#()*k^*53%u*B)9#"%S*O6"'*5%*56'*4%*F#],&%
%(*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%*[&/(3-#?,%E*-,'#569Ê*9d6=050=%*%'(*f*&6==&053%&*4%*9d6=0'(&0=3%*%(
M0$6&#"6E*'6"'*'%*=0'%&*$&6#-%"(*96*?,%'(#0"E*"0,'*-0"(&%*-l-%E*=6&*9d,(#9#'6(#0"*'#-#96#&%
q*6,*"#$%6,*4,*>,(*$#')*[%(*6((%#"(^*q*?,d#9*F6#(*4%'*4%,g*=&05)4)'E*?,%*'#*5%'*4%,g*-0('*'%
&%''%->9%"(E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*=6&*36'6&4*D*"0,'*F6#'0"'*699,'#0"*6,*=&)F#g%*6=0E*#-=9#?,6"(E*f
9d#"'(6&*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=%&(%*%(*,"*"0,$%9*)(6(S
7,''#* >#%"E* 9%* ',FF#g%* 6(E* =6&* %g%-=9%E* ,(#9#')* 6=050=#?,%-%"(* %"* 5%* ?,d#9* =%&-%(* 4%
&6550,&5#&*4%'*-0('*%"*#0"*%(*%"*%"(*=%&-%(*6,''#E*46"'*,"*-l-%*-0,$%-%"(*[%(*f*'0"
"#$%6,Ê*4%*&6550,&5#&*9%'*=3&6'%'*%(*4%*&%"4&%*9%*'(/9%*=9,'*&6=#4%*%(*=9,'*%"9%$)*c*5d%'(*]&p5%
f*5%*]%"&%*4d#"#(#6(#$%*?,%*96*=&0'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*6*'0,$%"(*9d6#&*?,6'#-%"(*536"()%*D*0&E*0"
0>(#%"(*%"*F0"5(#0""6"(*6#"'#E*%g65(%-%"(*9%'*-l-%'*%FF%('*[',&=&#'%E*50-#?,%E*6,465%*4%'
%"C6->%-%"('E*%(5S^*?,d%"*,(#9#'6"(*9d6=0'(&0=3%*46"'*5%&(6#"%'*536"'0"'E*5%*?,d,"*6,(%,&
50--%*:&6''%"'*6$6#(*=6&F6#(%-%"(*50-=&#'S
UKUK&,%&[&()#1&*1&'%))2%(&\&
UKUKOK&,P<#55%&)%52-&T&-*&:$*"%
R9*6&&#$%E*-6#'*5d%'(*&6&%E*?,%*9d6=050=%*'0#(*,(#9#')%*=0,&*%g=&#-%&*,"%*#4)%*=&)5#'%*D*46"'
4567&:$&)'N9:.87E*'#*9%*"0-*j*:0,50(*k*%'(*&)4,#(*f*j*:0,5*kE*5%96*&%"'%#]"%E*%(*4%*=%,*F96((%,'%
F6b0"*)(6"(*40"")*96*&)=,(6(#0"*4%*5%((%*>l(%*%(*'%'*6550#"(6"5%'*6$%5*9%*4#6>9%E*',&*'6
=0'#(#0"*40-#"6"(%*6,*'%#"*4%*9d,'#"%S*O%*-6"#.&%*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*'z&%E*5%96*=%&-%(*=%,(H
l(&%*6,''#*[5FS*j*I0"'#%,&*:0,5*k^*f*M0$6&#"6*4%*F6#&%*,"*59#"*4dr#9*9#(()&6#&%*f*R0"%'50*?,#E
46"'*Q+$89*I)9/E*40""%*f*5%&(6#"'*=%&'0""6]%'*4%'*"0-'*4d6"#-6,g*0,*=0,$6"(*&%"$0/%&
f*9d6"#-69#()*[5FS*I0"'#%,&*<6=#990"E*I646-%*:r,F*%(*O,46&4^S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%*j*(&0,*6,*4%&&#%(*kE*?,#*=0,&&6#(*4d6#99%,&'*(0,(*6,''#*>#%"
4)'#]"%&*9d6",'E*'#]"#F#%*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*F6#(*9d6>'%"5%*4%*?,%,%E*96*965,"%*56,469%*4%*9d30--%E
5%*4%&"#%&*"d6/6"(*]6&4)*4%*5%(*6==%"4#5%E*$%'(#]%*,"*=%,*&#4#5,9%E*?,d,"*5055/g*#"$#'#>9%
4%*9d%g()&#%,&S*;&*5%*'%&6#(*=6&*5%((%*6>'%"5%*-l-%E*=6&*5%*j*(&0,*6,*4%&&#%(*kE*?,%*9d30--%
j*'65&%*'6*40-#"6(#0"*',&*9%*-0"4%*6"#-69*k*[=S*@WA^S*K(*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*M0$6&#"6*=0,&&6#(
=%,(Hl(&%*6FF#&-%&*D*9%*(&0,*6,*4%&&#%(*%'(*9%*=&0=&%*4%*9d30--%*c*#9*/*6*5%=%"46"(*4%'*&)'#'(6"('
6,* =&0]&)'* 50--%* j* +dJ0--%* 4%* a,%,%* k* [OS`SE* =S* 11X^* -6#'* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,''#* j* G%6"
4%'* -,'%6,g* k* %(* j* G%6"* 2%&&#%&* k* [G%6"* O%&&#%(* "%* F6#'6"(* =6'* =6&(#%* 4%* 9d0"0-6'(#?,%
"0$6&#"#%""%^S
O6"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%* 4d#4)%E* 5%((%* j* 4%"(* 4,* >6'* ?,#* -d=0,''%* 6,* 5,9* k* [+SISE* =S
QW1^* "%* '%&6#(H%99%* =6'* %"50&%* ,"%* =)&#=3&6'%* =0,&* 4)'#]"%&* 9%* 5055/g* h* K"* (0,(* 56'E* #9
XA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
'%->9%* ?,d746-* 'd64&%''%* 6$%5* 6"]0#''%* f* '0"* j* 4%&&#%(* k* [46"'* ,"%* '5."%* )$0?,6"(
#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(*9%'*50'-0]0"#%'*50-#?,%'*4%*:&#''%(Ê*j*&6#")*k*&6==%96"(*&6#"%((%*D
Hé, ma peau du cul, t’entends, te décolle pas ! […] Au secours, les poissons !…
Il fait si sombre Madame, c’est si partout décoloré, ça fait si nuit dans c’foutoir,
qu’une bête aveugle y trouverait même pas le rainé de sa voisine. (p. 342).
20,C0,&'* 46"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* f* 96* =6]%* QWWE* 0"* 6,&6* ,"%* 6,(&%* 4#'(#"5(#0"E* 0=)&)%
5%99%H5#* %"(&%* >l(%'* %(* j* l(&,-6#"'* k* %(* 'd%g=&#-6"(* 3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(* c* 5%* '%&6* D* j* +%'
#"(%99#]#0"''%'*'0"(*4%'*-6(,.&%'*?,%*'%,9*9d30--%*%(*=6'*9d6"#-69*6*kS*Od,"%*-6"#.&%*=9,'
])")&69%E*%(*50--%*0"*9d6*$,*6$%5*9%*(&6#(%-%"(*4,*-0(*=6"(690"E*9d6,(%,&*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A
.8$?.#A*=0''.4%*9d6&(*4%*"0,'*&%-%((&%*50-#?,%-%"(*q*?,0#?,%*=9,'*F#"%-%"(*?,%*G,9%'
N%"6&4*[5FS*j*5%*?,#*4#'(#"],%*9d30--%*4%*96*>l(%*D*5%*'0"(*9%'*%"",#'*4d6&]%"(*k^*q*f*"0(&%
=965%*=6&*&6==0&(*6,g*6"#-6,g*c*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87'%.)*%g%-=9%E*0"*6,&6*j*+%*(%-='*"0,'
)90#]"%*(&.'*$#(%*4,*'#"]%*k*[=S*@@U^*%(*j*'%,9*9d30--%*'d0&"%*9%*'0--%(*k*f*96*=6]%*@AU*[9%
50,$&%H53%F*%"*?,%'(#0"*'%->96"(*4%$%"#&*,"*$,9]6#&%*50,$%&59%*46"'*96*-l-%*=6]%^S
UKUKRK&,Ph#55%&'%&j#"2%(
86"'* =6&9%&* 4%* 96* ?,%,%E* 4,* =6"(690"E* 4%'* j* #"(%99#]#0"''%'* k* %(* 4,* 536=%6,E* 9d6,(&%
4#FF)&%"5%E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 9d30--%E* =6&96"(E* 'd%'(* 40"")* ,"* "0-E* 6* ',* '%* "0--%&* q* %(* 5d%'(
4d6#99%,&'* '6"'* 40,(%* =6&5%* ?,d#9* $0#(* (0,(* 4%* 96* (0,&* [5FS* :SBSOSE* =S* @TV^* ?,%* (%9* 30--%
%"* 3%6,-%* =0,&&6* j* =0&(%&* 9%* "0-* 4%* +6(0,&* %"* ],#'%* 4%* "0-* k* [j* !"* ?,64&,=.4%* "d/
$%&&6#(* &#%"* k^S* <,#'* +6(0,&* =&%"4* 4%* 9d6'',&6"5%* %(E* (&.'* F#%&* 4%* '0"* )(6(* 4d6"#-69* 6/6"(
(&0?,)*'6*$#%#99%*?,%,%*56,469%*50"(&%*,"*#""0$6"(*j*(&0,*6,*4%&&#%(*kE*6,&6*,"%*Fp53%,'%
(%"46"5%*f*=0"(#F#%&*50--%*46"'*j*K"*(%-='*?,dJ0-E*C%*=%"'%*a,%S*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@TLÊ
6"6"(6=040(0"*?,#*"%*F6#(*],.&%*6$6"5%&*9%*'53-#9>9#5nE*50--%*6,&6#(*4#(*B09,53%S*7,(&%'
4)F#"#(#0"'*50-#?,%'*-6#'*=,#')%'E*5%99%'H9fE*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*D*9d30--%*%'(*j*9%
'%,9*-0&(*=6&96"(*4%*(0,(%*96*5&)6(#0"*[=S*1WA^*c*9d30--%*%'(*j*,"*'0"*?,%9?,%*=6&(*k*[=S*1UU^*c
9d30--%*%'(*,"*j*'6$6"(*#]"0&6"(*?,#*(0,&"%*6,(0,&*4,*=0(*k*[=S*1L@^*%(*%"F#"*D*9d30--%*%'(
j*5%9,#*4%'*6"#-6,g*40"(*96*4)-6&53%*%'(*4&0#(%*k*[=S*@UA^S
7*96*=6]%*LQ*[OS`SÊ*0"*6,&6*,"%*96=69#''64%*50-#?,%*=&%"6"(*9%'*]&6"4'*6#&'*4d,"%
50--,"#56(#0"* '5#%"(#F#?,%* (&.'* ')&#%,'%* 6$%5* j* +d30--%* 4%* 805#%(* "d%'(* =6'* $l(,* =6&
"6(,&%*k*?,#*"0,'*&6-."%*%"50&%*%(*(0,C0,&'*6,*j*(&0,*6,*4%&&#%(*k*['0#(*9d)(6(*4d30--%^*%(
f*(0,(*5%*?,d#9*6*#-=9#?,)E*#-=9#?,%*%(*#-=9#?,%&6*=0,&*9d7"#-69*4,*(%-='S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&
[=S*V@Ê*0"*6,&6*4%*"0,$%99%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*=6&F0#'*,"*>&#"*4)'0>9#]%6"(%'*=0,&*9%*=.&%*746-*D
j* +d30--%* %'(* ,"* ?,64&,=.4%* %"* '0,FF&6"5%* kE* j* 9d30--%* %'(* ,"* 6"#-69* 09/-=#?,%* kE
j*9d30--%*%'(*,"*0-"#$0&%*#"()&%''6"(*kE*j*9d30--%*%'(*,"*6"#-69*?,#*=0&(%*=96#"(%*k*%(
=0,&*F#"#&E*9d)"#]-6(#?,%*k*+d30--%*"d)(6#(*=6'*96*'%,9%*'09,(#0"*=0,&*'0&(#&*4d6"#-69*kS
UKVK&J)2-%&%/&"#5:(%&'%&$*&:<#/E(231%&%(&'%&$PE(=5#$#02%
UKVKOK&[&Y#(&-#1-&$*&:#&\&%(&[&5*$&*1&'*&\
7=&.'*5%'*-%",%'*4#]&%''#0"'*%(*=0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*f*9d6=050=%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%E*5%99%*?,#*%'(
50"(%",%*[$8*GS8S^*46"'*j*G%6"*O,>,FF%*k[-6#'*?,%*O,>,FF%(*,(#9#'6#(*6,''#*=0,&*9,#H-l-%E
%"*%"9%$6"(*,"*F^*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*,"*-0/%"*3,-0&#'(#?,%*4d)$0?,%&*9%*F6-%,g*(3)0&#5#%"*4%
9d6&(*>&,(*%(*&%"$0#%*',&(0,(*f*9d6-#(#)*F6#(%*4%*&%'=%5(*%(*4d64-#&6(#0"*&)5#=&0?,%*?,#E*50--%
%"*()-0#]"%*9%,&*50&&%'=0"46"5%E*9#6#(*9%'*4%,g*30--%'S
+d6=050=%*=0,&&6*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*6#4%&*6,*50-#?,%S*7#"'#E*5d%'(*%"*(&0"?,6"(*<)(&0"%
=0,&*%"*F6#&%*j*<)(&0"*k*?,d0"*0>(#%"4&6*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*@TQ^
X@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
,"%* #50"0596'(%* )=#(6=3%* )=#]&6--6(#?,%E* j* <)(&0"* k* "0,'* )(6"(* 40"5* =&)'%"()* 50--%
j*|4%}*(0,'*9%'*=0.(%'E*9%*=9,'*>l(%*%(*9%*=9,'*50"*\*B6&*C6-6#'*#9*"%*(&0,$6*96*&#-%*?,d#9*F6996#(
-%((&%*f*50&>#990"*\*B6&*%99%*)(6#(*'0"*=&0=&%*"0-*k*D*<)(&0"[\<)(&0"%^*"d6/6"(*=6'*"0"*=9,'
=%"')*f*K.7S)$*98E*0"*=%,(*=%"'%&*?,%*4)5#4)-%"(*#9*-)&#(6#(*,"*=%,*5%((%*F6&5%*=0'(3,-%S
M0(0"'*%"50&%*?,%*46"'*9d6=050=%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*96*=30")(#?,%*%'(*'0,$%"(*=&#'%*%"
50"'#4)&6(#0"*50--%*46"'*5%'*4%,g*=3&6'%'*(#&)%*4,*@).?&*(&*:.*;$&*D*j*B%(*30--%*6
-69*6,g*46*k*[=S*@VQ^*%(*jCd6#*9%'*6550&4)0"'*46"'*9%'*Cf*k*[=S*11T^S*7,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*=,#')'
46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*D*j*=6,=#*k*=0,&*=6,=#.&%'*[=S*XQ^*j*=0,-%*k*[=S*WW^*=0,&*=0,-0"E
j*86&>6?,%*k*[=S*1@X^*=0,&*86&>656"%*0,*j*]9#''%*,"*-0(*'0,'*96*=0(*k*[=S*1TU^S*O6"'*j*%"
>6"40,#99%(*k*[=S*1XLÊ*0"*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*=6&(#*4%*>6"40,9#.&%*-6#'*0"*%"(%"4*6,''#*40,#99%(*%(
=%"40,#99%&*$0#&%*>6"40,#99%&S*I6#'*9d6=050=%*)(6#(*4)Cf*=&)'%"(%*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4,*4)>,(*D
ƒ
:SBSOS*D*j*96*()*k*[=S*@LTÊ*j*'d#9*(%*=9d*k*[=S*1AVÊ*j*0&#u%*k*[=S*QA@Ê*j*+6*4#'(&#>dm*+6
4#'(&#>d*m*k*[=S*@T1Ê*j*6,*>0,(*4%*$#"](*6"'*4d6'=#&%*k*[=S*1@AÊ*j*u)&0*=0#"(*k*[=S*@TVÊ
j*5%*50'(%*0&6"]%*k*[=S*1AT^S
ƒ
7S*`S**D*j*=6"#%&*4%*(#]"%'*k*[=S*@@W^*=0,&*j*=6"#%&*4%*(#]"6''%'*k*q*-6#'*j*(#]"%'*k
&%''%->9%*6,''#*f*(%#]"%'E*f*'#]"%'E*f*5/]"%'*0,*f*(#]&%'**[2#]"%'*%'(*6,''#*,"%*$#99%^S
ƒ
+SIS*D*j*4)56=#('*k*[=S*QVAÊ*j*96*>#'(0,&%*k*[=S*QVXÊ*j*|$#4%&}*9%'*=0,>%'*k*[=S*X@WÊ
-6#'*6,''#*j*>6->%*k*[=S*QT1^*=0,&*>6->#"E*%(*j*4.=%*k*[=S*QLU^*=0,&*4)=6&(S
Md0,>9#0"'*=6'*4&*H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%*)4S*=S*@@*%(*=S*WT*D*j*-04#F*4%*5)6"'*k
%(*j*M6=0*kÊ*4&*Q&%./*6$%5*96*-/'()&#%,'%*j*;#(,&%*f*-0#(%,E*"0#&5%,E*$6=%,*k*[=S*QV^*%(
4&'@).?&'(.8/':.':.80#&'E).8b.$/&'[$8*2S<S^?,#*50"(#%"(*6,''#*4%'*56'*'#]"#F#56(#F'*(%9'*?,%
j*=6"0&6-%*k*[=S*TA^*%(*j*=309#%*-6g%*k*[=S*WV^S*+6*=&#'%*%"*50-=(%*4%*9d)(/-090]#%*%'(
%"50&%*=9,'*'%"'#>9%*46"'*j*'d6]#(%*9%*&%5(%*k*[+SISE*=S*WW@Ê*j*80"*=%(#(*=3699%*#"0FF%"'#F*k*[=S
WVW^*%(*j*M0,'E*9%'*F#99%'E*0"*6*4,*965(%*k*[+SISE*=S*QUAÊ*0o*9d0"*=6&(*4%*96*&65#"%*96(#"%*[-l-%
'#*96*j*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*k*6*50"'%&$)*j*=3699,'*k*%(*j*&%5(,-*k*(%9'*?,%9'Ê*$(&?*=0,&*96*40,>9%
6=050=%*%"*j*R"*"0-#"*=6(&*k*[+SISE*=S*WXV^*c*%"F#"E*=0,&*96*]&6=3#%*%"*j*=3699%*kE*"0(0"'
?,d%99%*'%*&%(&0,$%*53%u*7=099#"6#&%*46"'*9%'*4&/'>&87*?$::&*;&)0&/S
UKVKRK&8#9*)2/*&$%&L29*)#&%(&-*&[&"#$$%"&'%&;K&"#1:E%-&\
O6"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* 0"* '%* '%&$#&6* 4%* 9d6=050=%* =0,&* &%(&6$6#99%&* 9%* =&0$%&>%
j*+d0556'#0"*F6#(*9%*96&&0"*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*+d0556'#0"*F#(*96*96&&%E*F#(*9d96&5#"E*F#(*>&%&*9d(0"*k*[+SISE
=S*WQVÊ*0o*9d0"*%"(%"4*6,''#*j*9d0556'#0"*F6#(*9%*>&%(0"*kS*Bd%'(*46"'*5%((%*r,$&%*?,%*9%'
6=050=%'E*-l-%*[%(*',&(0,(^*=&#'%'*46"'*9%,&*50"(%g(%E*'0"(*9%'*-0#"'*50-=&)3%"'#>9%'*D
j* B0,4&%* '%'* 53#%"'* =6&* 9d>0,(* $6* F699%* m* k* [=S* QUXÊ* j* ;"* $0#(* '6* '0,FF&%* 9,#* &)C0,#''%&
9d6>96-.&%*4090&#(*k*[=S*QT1^*j*O6"'*9d,"*56$%6,*'0"*'=%&5%*96*5%&$%*k*[=S*QXL^*q*46"'*'6
j*>9%''%*6,*(&0,*=%"'6"(*k*[=S*QTTÊ*5%=%"46"(E*0"*=0,&&6*=%"'%&*6,*>6"4%6,*4d7=099#"6#&%S
+d3,-0,&*"0#&*f*9dr,$&%*=%&-%(*6,''#*4%*&%"4&%*=9,'*655%=(6>9%'*5%&(6#"%'*$#'#0"'*50--%
5%((%*'5."%*4%*")5&0=3#9#%*0,*=9,(s(*4d6-0,&*%"(&%*-0&('*[5%*?,#*"d%'(*=6'*=6&%#9Ê*(0,C0,&'
=,#')%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*D*j*9%*-6556>%*'%*&6550,=9%*f*,"*6,(&%*k*[=S*QUU^S
O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*#9*F6,(*"0(%&*9%*596''#?,%*j*56F.(%*k*[=S*1AX^*-6#'*',&(0,(
j*,"*%"Fd*k*[=S*U@Ê*j*'.=(%*k*[=S*LWÊ*j*'.=(%H4%H4.5%H4%H4.&%*k*[=S*1@QÊ*j*)596>0,''%&*9%'
=96F%'*k*[=S*@1L^*%(*9%*>#>9#?,%*j**Cd6#*(6(0,)*,"*='6,*',&*-0"*>&6'*]6,53%*k*[=S*@T^S*<0,&
j*4)56=#(%&*kE*#9*'%*&%(&0,$%*%"50&%*4)56=#()*46"'*j*4)56=#(*k*q*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*#9*%"*%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*4)=#()S*O6"'*4.*>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0,(&%*9%*56'*4%*j*G%6"*B6(6=,*k*[=S
@LAÊ*0"*"0(%*,"%*6=050=%*=6&(#5,9#.&%*D*5d%'(*j*=%&=%"4&#?,%'*k*?,#E*4d,"%*5%&(6#"%*-6"#.&%E
(&0"?,%*%"*=6&(#%*=%&=%"4#5,96#&%'*[=S*WWT^S*7,(&%*-0469#()*f*'#]"69%&*D*9d6,(%,&*=%,(*=6&(#&
4%*'%'*=&0=&%'*%g=&%''#0"'E*j*F6#&%*'%g,69#()*k*=6&*%g%-=9%E*'%*$0/6"(*(&0"?,)*%"*j*F6#&%
X1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
'%g%*k*[8SE*=S*Q@Ê*5%*?,#*&%9.$%*=&%'?,%*4%*9d6=050=%S*R9*6&&#$%*?,d#9*"%*&%'(%*?,d,"%*9%((&%
11
4,*-0(*#"#(#69*c*9%*56'*%'(*)$0?,)*46"'*96*Q+I79)$"#&'0I8I).:&'4,*P&0,=%*‰*
L’apocope peut prendre des proportions assez importantes, comme c’est le cas
dans le titre La P… respectueuse ou dans certaines exclamations malsonnantes
que le savoir-vivre recommande d’abréger (m…, b… de D…, b… de f…, etc.).
86"'* ,(#9#'%&* 4%* =0#"('* 4%* ','=%"'#0"E* M0$6&#"6* =&0=0'%&6* 46"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* '6
$%&'#0"*=%&'0""%99%*%(*%"50&%*=9,'*&64#569%*4%*5%*(/=%*4d6=050=%*D*j*!"*30--%*6&&#$6*f
86#"(%*7S*%(*4%-6"46*?,d0"*9,#*50,=%*96*2S*k*[=S*@V1^*c*4%*F6#(*'#*96*(l(%*%'(*50,=)%E*#9*"d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*#990]#?,%*?,%*9%*-0(*9%*'0#(*q*46"'*9%*56'*4%*96*j*()*k*=0,&*(l(%*%(*4,*j*5)*k*=0,&
5#%9E*0"*=%,(*50"'#4)&%&*?,d0"*%'(*%"50&%E*=30")(#?,%-%"(*=6&96"(E*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%*9%((&%'E
f*'6$0#&*2S*%(*BS*7*96*=6]%*@@L*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*5d%'(*96*-0&(*?,d0"*6=050=%*D*j*5365,"
|)(6"(}*'6#'#*6,*-0-%"(*4%*'6*j*-*k*k*[?,6"(*f*j*#5#*kE*6#99%,&'*50"F0"4,*6$%5*j*#"&#*kE*#9
4%$#%"(*j*#5%*k*f*96*=6]%*QQL*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*-0(*)$0?,6"(*690&'*j*3#''%*k*%(*-l-%
9%*F&0#4*4%*96*]965%E*$*&*%"*6"]96#'^
+6* '=)5#F#5#()* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4%* 9d,(#9#'6(#0"* 4,* =&05)4)* &)'#4%* 46"'* 9d)(&6"]%()* ?,#* %"
&)',9(%S*8#*9%*j*P6'(0"E*/d6*9d()9)=30"*?,#*'0"*k*4,*536"(%,&*M#"0*Z%&&%&*$#'6#(*',&(0,(*f*F6#&%
&#&%*%(*'#*45J%I).7$98'L#%&#7:.*4%*<#%&&%*O65*50"(%"6#(*,"*'0,'H%"(%"4,*]&0''#%&*[$(&?*=0,&
4%'*"0-'*50--%*‚#93%-*Z%&(6]E*79>%&(*2,"0,9.'*%(*M#5096'*+%&0#4%5Ê*5%&(6#"%'*6=050=%'
4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*56&65(.&%*-)(6=3/'#?,%*c*9%'*530'%'E*6#"'#*6,(&%-%"(
"0--)%'E*=&%""%"(*,"%*6,(&%*4#-%"'#0"E*,"%*50,9%,&*"0,$%99%*D*j*790&'*O#%,*F#(*9d30--%
%(*9%*I0"4*k*[OS`SE*=S*1WQÊ*j*20,(*9%*-0"4%*5&#-%*(0,(*9%*-0"S*!"*l(&%*',#(*%(*-0#*C%*&%'(%S
G%*',#'*,"*l(&%*%(*-0#*C%*&6#%*kS*[OS`SE*=S@V1^S*O%*-l-%E*(0,C0,&'*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&
[=S*Q1Ê*#9*'%->9%*?,d0"*&%(&6$6#99%*j*20,(*5%*?,#*%'(*$#4%*%'(*=6&F6#(*k*=0,&*%"*F6#&%*j*20,(*5%
?,#*$#(*%'(*=6&F6#(*kE*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*96*$#%*=&05)46#(*4,*$#4%S
+d6=050=%*=0,&&6*%"50&%*l(&%*f*9d0&#]#"%*4%*-69%"(%"4,'*3,-0&#'(#?,%'*D*46"'*j*C%*"%
=%"'%*=9,'*f*9,*k*[$8*;SRSÊ*4%*?,#*=6&9%H(H0"*h*O%*9,#*h*O%*+,5#%"*h*O%*+,5*h*O%*+,56'*h*O%
+,5#%""%*h*O%*+,9,*h*O%*j*`)$)*+,5(,*k*h*O%*9,((%&*h*O%*-l-%E*46"'*9%*-0(*]9#'')*j*'0,'
96*=0*k*)$0?,)*=&)5)4%--%"(*[OS`SE*=S*1TUÊ*0"*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*50-=&%"4&%*?,%*5d%'(
'0,'*96*=%6,*?,%*9%*-0(*6*)()*]9#'')*[6->#],{()*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%""%^S
20,(*f*F6#(*',>C%5(#$%-%"(E*"0,'*4#&0"'*?,d#9*'d0=.&%*46"'*5%*(/=%*=0,&(6"(*'0,$%"(*6''%u
50-#?,%*4%*=3&6'%'*,"%*'0&(%*4%*-696#'%*4#FF,'*$0#&%*4%*$%&(#]%*'~#F(#%"E*-6#'*40"(*0"*"%
'6,&6#(*4#&%*96*56,'%*q*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*9d0"*=0'6#(*?,%*9d36>#(*"%*F6#(*=6'*9%*-0#S*K"*F6#(E
5d%'(*',&(0,(*"0(&%*36>#(,4%*4%*(0,C0,&'*f*=%,*=&.'*50-=&%"4&%*5%*?,%*"0,'*9#'0"'*?,#*%'(
#5#* (%&&#>9%-%"(* [-6#'* 6,''#* 50-#?,%-%"(^* 50"(&6&#)%S* a,6"(* f* 96* &6&)F65(#0"* 4%* 96* F#],&%
46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*&)5%"(%'E*"0,'*"0,'*#"(%&&0]%&0"'*=9,'*90#"E*46"'*j*79%&(%*46"'*9%'*u0"%'
4%*:&056*kE*',&*'%'*56,'%'*%(*)(6>9#&0"'*,"*=6&699.9%*6$%5*M6(369#%*86&&6,(%*%(*'6*=30>#%
50-#?,%-%"(*%g=&#-)%*4,*-0(*j*56(6*k*[46"'*J#;)&O^S
UKcK&J)#"E'E-&"#5:*)*B$%UKcKOK&,P*/*/(*:#'#(#/&+&1/&"*-&()7-&)*)%&'%&()#/"*(2#/
;"*9d6*$,*=0,&*9%*-0(H$69#'%*%(*9%*-0(H6550&4)0"E*#9*/*6*6,''#*4%'*$6&#6"(%'*f*96*F#],&%*c*6#"'#
0"*=0,&&6*4)5&)(%&*?,%E*-l-%*'#*9%*$056>9%*"d%'(*=6'*#40#"%E*9d6=050=%*50"5%&"%*)]69%-%"(
4%'*%g=&%''#0"'S*8#]"690"'*=6&*%g%-=9%*j*Gd6#*&%=&#'*4,*=0#9*k*[7S`SE*=S*@AT^*q*?,#*&6'%*e96
>l(%e*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%*[-6#'*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*53%u*+)0*I69%(^S*7#"'#*40"5E*9d6=050=%*=0,&&6#(
)]69%-%"(*50"5%&"%&*4%'*=3&6'%'*%(*4%'*(0,&",&%'*D*j*7,*809*%(*6,*8%,9*?,#*m*k*[OS7SE*=S
11
**P&0,=%*‰E*Q+I79)$"#&'0I8I).:&E*K4#(#0"'*4,*8%,#9E*I6/%""%E*"0$%->&%*@VL1E*=S*XWS
XQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
@TQÊ*j*G%*3,&9%*?,%*-6*$#6"4%S*k*[OS`SE*=S*LV^*0,*j*G%*"%*',#'*?,d,"*%"F6"(*46"'*9%*(&0,
4,?,%9S*k*[OS`SE*=S*TW^S*7,(&%*56'*D*j*%(*#9*'%*(,(E*fS*k*[OS7SE*=S*@VU^*?,#*%'(*6,''#*,"*C%,*4%*-0('S
R9*/*6*-l-%E*f*96*=6]%*@TW*4,*@$/*9#)/*.#A'.8$?.#A*,"%*#"'5&#=(#0"*F,")&6#&%*#"50-=9.(%
j*M)*%"*k*?,#*=0,&&6#(*50&&%'=0"4&%*f*96*46(%*4%*"6#''6"5%*4%*96*j*Is-%*M)6"(*kS
a,6"(*6,*j*G%*',#'*k*[(#(&%*%(*"0-E*j*")0"*kE*)&.(S2?.(&'%(*F0&-,9%*&)5,&&%"(%Ê*0"*9%
&%(&0,$%*>#%"*'z&*46"'*96*:#>9%*[KgS*QE*@W^*-6#'*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*%'(#-%&*?,d#9*(&0"?,%E
46"'* 96* :#>9%* -l-%* %(* 53%u* M0$6&#"6E* j* G%* ',#'* 5%* ?,%* C%* ',#'[\'%&6#^* k* q* %"* 5%96* 5d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*,"*6"6"(6=040(0"*[4d6,(&%'*',#(%'*'%&6#%"(*5%=%"46"(*#-6]#"6>9%'*D*C%*',#'*9%'
#"'(&,5(#0"'E*C%*',#'*9%*-04%*4d%-=90#E*C%*',#'*96*-6&53%*f*',#$&%^*f*-0#"'*?,%*96*(&0"56(#0"
50"5%&"%*=9,(s(*9%**90$79E*6,?,%9*56'*9%*j*G%*=%"'%*40"5*k*'%*'%&6#(*40"5*=%&4,*%"*&0,(%E
5%*?,#*%'(*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"S
O%*F6b0"*=9,'*'z&%E*&%-6&?,0"'*5%5#*D*46"'*j*+%'*2%z]9%'*|t}*'%*'0"(*$%"])'*',&*9%'
<6'(&040"'*%"*9%'*=6''6"(*=6&*9%*F#9*k*[GSNSE*=S*U@Ê*96*=3&6'%*4%$&6#(E*=0,&*l(&%*(0,(*f*F6#(
50&&%5(%E*'%*(%&-#"%&*=6&*D*9%*F#9*4%*9d)=)%*q*#9*'d6]#(*40"5E*9f*%"50&%E*4d,"*6"6"(6=040(0"E
-l-%*'#*96*=3&6'%*&%'(%*f*=%,*=&.'*50-=&)3%"'#>9%S*R9*'%*=%,(*?,%*5%*'0#(*9f*,"*"0,$%6,
C%,*=&0=0')*=6&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[(0,(*50--%*26&4#%,*6$%5*'%'*(%g(%'*-6"])'*4%*&0,#99%^*D
f*'0#*40"5*4%*&%-=9#&*9%'*>96"5'*96#'')'*0,*4d#-6]#"%&*]046&4#%""%-%"(*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%
30&'H536-=S
UKcKRK&j1442Q%-&4*)4%$1K&@&."&B
O6"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* 5d%'(* 9%* ',FF#g%* j* 6(* k* ?,#* =&)40-#"%* %(* F0,&-#99%* c* %(* 5d%'(* 9%
=&05)4)*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*?,#*#"(%&$#%"4&6*=0,&*&6550,&5#&*j*#0"*k*%"*j*6(*k*46"'
j*#"(%&4#5(6(*k*[=S*1@TÊk*-6"#=,96('*k*[=S*1T@^*%(*j*)&%5(6(*k*[=S*QAX^S*<0,&(6"(E*96*&)4,5(#0"
'%&6*%"50&%*=9,'*'%"'#>9%*46"'*j*-6"#=,96('*k*[=S*1TV^*%(*j*])"#(6(*k*[=S*Q@A^*?,#*=0,&&6#(
=&%'?,%*&%-=965%&*6550,53%-%"(E*j*6550,536(*k*)(6"(*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()*["0"*&%(%",%
=6&*9d6,(%,&^S
7,(&%'*56'*4%*F#],&%*D*9%*F6#(*4%*96->#"%&*'%->9%*4%$%"#&*9%*j*96->#"6(*k*[=S*@L@Ê*5%9,#
4dl(&%*F,&#>0"4E*9%*j*F,&#>6(*k*[=S*1WUÊ*5%9,#*4%*3,&9%&E*9%*j*3,&96(*k*[=S*@LX^*%(*5%9,#*4%*-6"]%&*D
9%*j*-6"]%6(*k*[=S*1AV^S*O%*-l-%E*9d655#4%"(*4%$#%"(*,"*j*655#46(*k*[=S*QAX^*%(*9%*j*F&#53(#*kE
,"*j*F&#53(6(*kS*O6"'*4&*H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%*)4SE*=S*WWÊ*#9*/*6*,"*j*-0",-6(*k
?,%*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*QTÊ*=#.5%*0o*9d0"*5&0#'%*,"*j*O05(6(*k*[=S*1AQ^
%(*4%'*j*%g=%&('*='/53#6('*k*[=S*QU^*c*9d0"*/*"0(%*6,''#*,"*j30=#(p(*k*[=S*XXÊ*,"*j*5646$&6(*k*[=S
VA^*%(*,"*j*'6,5#696(*k*[=S*@@LÊ*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(E*=)C0&6(#F*q*4d6#99%,&'E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%
,"*56'*4%*-0(H$69#'%*D*'6,5%[\'6,5#''%^*…*'05#)()S*K"F#"E*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*[$8*BSJSE*=S*@L@^
j*9d6&(#5,96(*4,*]%"0,*kS*+0]#?,%-%"(E*0"*=0,&&6*=&)F)&%&*j*36>#(6(*k*f*36>#(6(#0"E*(0,'*5%'
530#g*6/6"(*'6"'*40,(%*$8*E$8&*,"%*#"5#4%"5%\#"F9,%"5%*(&.'*]&6"4%*',&*9%*&/(3-%*%(*96*$#(%''%S
K&@&#>>%&B?&@&.>>%&B?&@&.'$&B?&@&*:&B&%"&@&%"&B
M0,'* $%"0"'* 4d)$0?,%&* 9%* 56'* 4%* j* O05(6(* k* %(* "0,'* )$0?,%&0"'* =9,'* 90#"* 5%9,#* 4%
j* 405(,''%'* k* -6#'* '#]"690"'* %"50&%* j* 3s=#(6&4* k* [=* 1TL^* %(* j* 30'=#(0"* k* [=S* VV^* q
46"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* [=S* WU1Ê* 9%* -0(* j* 6->,96"5%'* k* '%&6E* '%->9%H(H#9E* (&0"?,)
%"* j* 6->,90('* k* [6#99%,&'E* #9* /* 6,''#* 4%'* j* 6->,96(%,&'* k* ?,#* &6==%99%"(* ,"* =%,* 4%'
4)6->,96(%,&'^S
O6"'*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%*[%(*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*j*6''%*k^*9%'*',FF#g%'*j*0"*k*[5FS*9d6FF%5(,%,g
j* 50,#990"* k* &6>%96#'#%"^* %(* j* %(* k* [5FS* j* ]&6"4%(* kE* j* >90"4#"%(* k^* '%&$%"(* '0,$%"(* [0"* 6
XW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
9d)?,#$69%"(*%"*699%-6"4*%(*%"*%'=6]"09Ê*f*#"4#?,%&*,"%*F0&-%*4%*=%(#(%''%*c*5%96*'%&6*&%=&#'
=6&*9d6,(%,&*?,#*#"$%"(%*9%*=0)(#?,%*j*0&#990"*k*['6"'*40,(%*,"%*=%(#(%*0&%#99%*$0#&%*,"%*0&%#99%
4%*>)>)*?,#*6""0"5%*5%&(%'*4%'*0&%#990"'*f*$%"#&*-6#'*6,''#*4%*"0,$%6,g*30&#u0"'*=0,&*9%
-0"4%E*9%'*-0('*30&#0"'*%(*;&#0"*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"*"0"*=9,'^*=%"46"(*?,%E*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/
?9)7/'[=S*QUAÊ*#9*'d6]#&6*4%*j*50,$&#&*9%'*5646$&%('*4d,"*4&6=%(*k*q*5d%'(*6,''#*,"%*-6"#.&%
4%*&%F,'%&*9%'*]&6=3#%'*36>#(,%99%'*D*f*=0-=#%&'E*0"*=&)F.&%&6*j*=0-=#%('*k*[BSJSE*=S*1LA^
%(*j*C0,&"#0"*k*[BSJSE*=S*WWV^*f*C0,&*0,*f*C0,&")%S
<6&*0==0'#(#0"*f*j*%(*k*0,*f*j*0"*k\*k*#0"*kE*j*6''%*k*%g=&#-%*=9,(s(*96*90,&4%,&*0,
?,%9?,%*530'%*4d%g5%''#F*%(\0,*4d#-=&%''#0""6"(*50--%*9%*j*50,&6]%*%g(&60&4#"6''%*k*4,
@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*UW^*-6#'*5d%'(*,"*',FF#g%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*596''#?,%*?,%*j*0"*k*(%9*?,d,(#9#')
46"'*j*$056>,90"*56"#"*kE*j*Gd6#*-6*>6&>#53%*4)5090&0"*k*[+SISE*=S*WAU^*0,*46"'*j*K5&#(0"*kE
?,#*'%*'#(,%*%"(&%*K5&#(,&%*%(*)5&#(%6,*[OS`SE*=S*@@U^S*20,(*50--%*9d6=050=%E*5%*=&05)4)*"%
'%&6*=6'*$&6#-%"(*&%50"4,#(*=6&*9d6,(%,&*q*%(*#9*F6,4&6*=%,(Hl(&%*'%*4%-6"4%&*=0,&?,0#S
UKcKUK&]E'1"(2#/-&'P%Q:)%--2#/M0$6&#"6*9%*C#$6&0*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*,"*64%=(%*4,*-0(*j*4)56=#*k*[50--%*#9*4#(Ê*9%*=&05)4)
'd6==9#?,6"(*6,''#*6,g*%g=&%''#0"'*50--%*46"'*j*F6#&%*'%g%*k*4)Cf*)$0?,)E*?,#*=&05.4%
'6"'*40,(%*4%*j*F6#&%*'%g,69#()*kS*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*0"*6$6#(*4)Cf*9%*56'*>#u6&&%
4d,"*?,6&6"(%*[5FS*;"*'d%"*F0,(*50--%*4%*9d6"*WA^*?,#*'%*$0/6#(*4#$#')*=6&*4#g*46"'*j*;"
'dF0,(*4d5%*>l(%*50--%*4%*9d6"*?,6(&%*k*[=S*WLU^*-6#'E*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*=9,'*&)5%"(%'E*0"*6
6,''#*9%*'90]6"*j*N0,9%u*(0->%6,*k*[;SRSE*=S*XQ^*?,#*=%&-%(*4%*&)4,#&%*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(*,"%
%g=&%''#0"*50"",%*D*N0,9%&*f*(0->%6,*0,$%&(E*(0,(*%"*&)',-6"(*%FF#565%-%"(*96*=3#90'0=3#%
4,*536,FF6&4*4%*96*B36"'0"*7,(0-0>#9%S
K"F#"E*46"'*9%*j*:0,#990"H3,#(*k*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*0"*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%E*-04#F#)%*[4%
@@*3S*0"*=6''%*f*L^*%(*&)',-)%*6,*-6g#-,-E*9d%g=&%''#0"*e>0#&%*9%*>0,#990"*4%*0"u%*3%,&%'eS
a,6"(*f*j*+6*9,-#.&%*",#(*kE*#9*'%*=%,(*?,%*5%*'0#(*,"*=&0$%&>%*&)4,#(E*j*7*9dr#9*-6964%E*96
9,-#.&%*",#(*k*[B0(]&6$%E*@T@@^*)(6"(*%"*%FF%(*-%"(#0"")*=6&*796#"*N%/*46"'*'0"*@$*7$988.$)&
(&/'%)9;&)=&/'&7'(&/'($*798/'[5FS*N0>%&(^S
UKcKVK&C#1:1)%&*1&'EB1(
R9* '%->9%&6#(* ?,%* 96* (&0"56(#0"E* 9%* 4)50996]%* =,#''%* )]69%-%"(* 50"5%&"%&* 9%* 4)>,(* 4%'
-0('* 50--%* j* P0,9.-%* k* =0,&* 7"]0,9l-%* c* 5d%'(* 9f* ,"* =&05)4)* ?,6'#H-6]#?,%* $0#&%
-6]#50-#?,%*D*#9*',FF#(*C,'(%*4d%"9%$%&*,"*=%(#(*>0,(*6,*$056>9%*%(*0"*0>(#%"(*56&&)-%"(*,"%
$#99%*"0,$%99%*q*5%96*=0,&&6*-l-%*50"5%&"%&*,"*50"(#"%"(*(0,(*%"(#%&*6$%5*96*5&)6(#0"*4%
j*9d!&0=%*k*[+SISE*=S*WVX^S
8,&* 5%* =&#"5#=%E* &%-6&?,0"'* ?,d,"* )=#4%&-%* 4%$#%"(* j* 9d=#4%&-%* k* [+SISE* =S* WTL^* %(
?,d0"*=0,&&6*'%*&%(&0,$%&*j*5&6')*k*[OS7SE*=S*1XQ^*=6&*,"*)$%"(,%9*e6,FF6&4e*0,*>#%"*6''#'(%&
6,*j*50&(.]%*4%'*,==9#5#)'*k*[+SISE*=S*XAV^S*7,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*'#]"#F#56(#F'*D*j*8%/%*%"50&%
,"* m* k* [+SISE* =S* X11Ê* j* a,#* s99#5#(%* h* k* [+SISE* =S* 1ATÊ* j* 596>6,4%,&* k* [OS7SE* =S* @AA^* %(
j*=#(%&"%99%-%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*1X@Ê*'6"'*0,>9#%&*[$8*OS7S^*j*!&",-)&6#&%'*kE*?,#*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
6,''#*,"*-0(H$69#'%*-l96"(*,&"%*[0,*=9,(s(*!&"%^*%(*',&",-)&6#&%S
O6"'*j*9dR&?,#4%*50,9%*k*[+SISE*=S*QWAÊ*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d0"*6#(*6-=,()*9#?,#4%*%"*6C0,(6"(
,"*&*q*-6#'*9dR&?,#4%*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*F9%,$%*0,*,"%*&#$#.&%*%g#'(6"(*$&6#-%"(S*j*;,#$&%*k*[$8
BSJS^* 6* 9d6#&* 4d,"* &%(&6$6#9* 4%* `0,#$&%E* -6#'* 9%* -0(* "d%'(* =6'* #"$%"()S* I#'%'* %"* ]90#&%* %(
)-6C,'5,9)%'E*9%'*j*M,'5,9%'*4,*(69,'*k*'0"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%'*j*530'%'*4,*(69,'*k*=%,(H
l(&%*-#",'5,9%'*-6#'*#"()&%''6"(*9d6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(E*?,d#9*'d6]#''%*4%*M0$6&#"6*0,*4%*j*G%6"
XX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
O,>,F%*kS*<0,&(6"(*96*&)4,5(#0"*96*=9,'*4&s9%*&%'(%*'6"'*40,(%*j*I6",%9*ˆ6"(*k*[5%*4%&"#%&
6/6"(*'0#H4#'6"(*)5&#(*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*I09#.&%^S
M0(0"'*%"50&%*?,%*46"'*j*B0,(%u*k*[+SISE*=S*WQV^*%(*j*50,()*k*[+SISE*=S*QA@Ê*5d%'(
)50,(%&* ?,#* 6* )()* 50,=)* %(* ?,%E* (0,C0,&'* 46"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* [=S* WT1^* 9d#"C0"5(#0"
j* ;&-%u* $&#990"'* k* [?,#* '%->9%* 640,5#&* j* Z0&-%u* >6(6#990"* k^* '%&6* ',#$#%* 4d,"* j* F0,(%u
50(#99%'*k*=6''6>9%-%"(*]&#$0#'S*O6"'*j*F6"b0"*kE*9d6,(%,&*'%*'%&(*4,*',FF#g%*0"*50"(%",*46"'
%"F6"b0"'*-6#'*'%*=6''%*4,*=&)F#g%*c*#9*'d6]#&6*#5#*4dj%"F6"5%&*4d6,(&%'*F6"b0"'*k*q*-6#'
'0"*j*F6"b0"'*k*&%''%->9%*6,''#*f*F6b0"'*[5%*?,#*-0"(&%*(0,(%*9d6->#],{()*4,*=&05)4)^S
O6"'*9d64C%5(#F*j*&#4#?,%'*k*[$8*+SISÊ*?,%*'d%'(H#9*=6'')*h*+%*50"(%g(%*"d6#4%*=6'*(0,C0,&'*f
9%*'6$0#&*c*#5#*D*%'(H5%*$)&#4#?,%'*0,*&#4#5,9%'*?,#*6*)()*(&0"?,)*h*O6"'*j*7,(090]#%'*k*[7SRSE
=S*@@1Ê*0"*'%*4#(*?,%*5d%'(*9%*(*4%*(6,(090]#%'*?,#*6*)()*s()S
I/'(.&%*%(*50-#?,%*4d#"50"]&,#()*=&)40-#"%"(*40"5*-6#'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*=0)'#%*6''%u
3%&-)(#?,%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*$&6#-%"(*>6""#%*4,*C%,*['#*5d%"*%'(*,"^*?,%*"0,'*6,&0"'*%''6/)
4d)(,4#%&*D*j*Bd%'(*96*'6#'%*4%'*p-%'E*6#'0"*4%'*6=0,&'*k*[+SISE*=S*QXV^S
IIIK&D/*)"<2%.&:#(*"<2-5%&%(&2/-#$%/"%
OK&,P*)-%/*$&31E/2%/&)%92-2(E
OKOK&,%&/E#X4)*/a*2-&/#9*)2/2%/
OKOKOK&,PE")2(1)%&:<#/E(231%
<0,&*5&)%&*4%'*-0('E*M0$6&#"6*=0,&&6*6,''#E*f*9d0556'#0"E*6$0#&*&%50,&'*6,*j*")0HF&6"b6#'*kE
=&05)4)*0FF#5#%99%-%"(*#"$%"()*=6&*a,%"%6,*%"*5%*?,d#9*9%*"0--6*%(*9,#*40""6*'%'*9%((&%'
4%*"0>9%''%*[(3)0&#%E*#"5#=#(*4%*c.O$&'(.8/':&'?I7)9^*%(*50"'#'(6"(E*(0,(*'#-=9%-%"(E*f*)5&#&%
%g65(%-%"(*5%*?,%*9d0"*=&0"0"5%*[j*O6&0,#"%*k*=0,&*O6&~#"E*=6&*%g%-=9%^S*7#"'#E*46"'*4&
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*#9*%'(*)5&#(*j*590,"%&#%*k*[=S*1TW^*%(*j*$)90*$%&(*590,"#?,%*k*[=S1XA^S
<0,&(6"(E*M0$6&#"6*'6,&6*'%*4)-6&?,%&*4%*a,%"%6,*%"*)5&#$6"(*j*0#(,&%*kE*?,#*&6==%99%*9d0#%
H*%(*"0"*j*0,6(,&%*kE*50--%*6,&6#(*F6#(*9d6,(%,&*4%'*D:&#)/*=:&#&/S*3(&?*=0,&*96*j*]&6"4%
>6&>%*"0,.&%*k*[OS`SE*=S@VUÊ*?,%*5%*4%&"#%&E*.'%)$9)$E*6,&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*)5&#(*j*"0,6&%*k*kE
=0,&*j*I6#'*ud0o*',#'HC%*]6&)*k*[;SRSE*=S*XW^*?,d#9*6,&6#(*(&6"'5&#(*%"*I)u0,*0,*[8S*c*=S*WQ^
j*a,%99%*3%,&%*/HuH0"(*4#(*?,d#9*%'(*h*[9,#*6,&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*530#'#*e#u0"4#n#9)e^
B%96* 4#(E* 9d%g=&%''#0"* -#HF&6"b6#'%* -#H6"]96#'%* j* F#"#&* %"* >#0,()* k* [+SISE* =S* QVA^
=0,&&6#%"(*F0&(*>#%"*F#],&%&*46"'*9%'*d#;)&/'*9?%:G7&/'(&'K.::S'H.).*[9d6,(%,&*%"*?,%'(#0"
)(6"(* ,"%* 6"]90=30"%* F&6"50=3#9%^S* 3(&?* =0,&* 9%* j* F#0,9* k* 4%* N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/
[=S* UVÊ* =#.5%* 0,* 0"* 9#&6* %"50&%* j* C%* >,'* 4,* ~3#'?,%* k* [=S* UV^* %(* j* 86$0#&* C,-=%&E
'653%u*C,-=%&*k*[=S*@1^*c*%"F#"E*#9*'%&6E*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*F6#(*-%"(#0"*4%*j>#F(.?,%'
(&6"'])"#?,%'* k* [=S* T@Ê* 6,(6"(* 4%* ]&6=3#%'* (/=#?,%-%"(* ?,)"#%""%'* q* $(&?* =0,&* 96
j*(6,?,%536,4#'(%*k*4%'4.'K*G8&*[=S*@AA^S
<0,&*9d6]]9,(#"6(#0"*j*)(&,-6#"*k*[OS`SE*=S*@@VÊ*a,%"%6,*=0,&&6#(*6,''#*%"*l(&%*9d6,(%,&S
O6"'*9d6&(#59%*4%*C8*S*:9%.&($.'W8$;&)/.:$/*50"'65&)*f*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*0"*%"*&%(#%"4&6
,"%*6,(&%*D*j*ŠGd6#*-696,F0"4d*4#(*9%*-0&(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&S*k*c*=0,&*j*M0'0(&0'*k*[;SNSE
=S*@A@Ê*#9*'%->9%*6]]9,(#"%&\50-=&#-%&*=30")(#?,%-%"(*j*M0,'*6,(&%'*%"*0'*kS*O6"'*4&
Q&%./'[=S*1LÊ*5d%'(*6,*50"(&6#&%*f*,"%*'0&(%*4%*4)'6]]9,(#"6(#0"*?,%*9d0"*6''#'(%*46"'*D*j*?,%
XT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
&l,''%H(%,&6H(H#9*4z*-0"*50&=z*?,6"(%*C%,*-6"C%&,*=9,*h*kS*K"F#"E*&6==%90"'*?,%*5%&(6#"'
")090]#'-%'* (&.'* 90"]'* [$0#&* 5#H6$6"(^* '0"(* %"* =6&(#%* 6''#-#96>9%'* f* 4%'* 6]]9,(#"6(#0"'S
a,6"(* 6,* =&0C%(* 4%* 96* -&7$7&' >9/?9098$&' -9)7.7$;&* [f* '6$0#&* #"(&04,#&%* =9,'* 0,* -0#"'
#&0"#?,%-%"(*4%'*-0('*(%53"#?,%'E*'5#%"(#F#?,%'*46"'*,"*50"(%g(%*=0)(#?,%Ê*#9*%'(*,"*=%,
50-=6&6>9%E*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*%FF%('*50-#?,%'*=&0$0?,)'E*f*5%9,#*4,*>96'0"*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(
6&]0(#?,%*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[%(*"0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^*c*%"*F6#(E*96*F#9#6(#0"*%"*?,%'(#0"
"0,'*=6&6w(*',&(0,(*50"5%&"%&*,"*5%&(6#"*)(6(*4d%'=&#(E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-69#5%*%(*,"%*5%&(6#"%
#"'09%"5%S
OKOKRK&J)E-%/"%&'P*1()%-&$*/01%K&C+A.:"%>
R9*"0,'*F6,4&6#(*(0,(*4d6>0&4*&%$%"#&*',&*9%*")0HF&6"]96#'*?,)"#%"*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*&%50"4,#(
=6&* `69.&%* M0$6&#"6* c* 5d%'(* ?,%E* 5#H6$6"(E* 0"* 6,&6#(* F0&(* >#%"* =,* 5#(%&* j* :#u%"%''%E
>#u%"%''%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1AL^*0,*>#%"*"0(%&*j*I6g#-6&?,%((%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WX^*c*?,6"(*f*j*;"
'd%"*&%-%->&%*=9,'*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@LLÊ*#9*'d#"'=#&%*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*4%*79')&?&8=&)*%(*5d%'(
'6"'*40,(%*',&*%&)E&*7*?,%*9d6,(%,&*'%*>6'%*=0,&*F6>&#?,%&*j*=%&F%5(%-%"(*k*[+SISE*=S*WW@^S
j*<0,''%*(0"*3%9=*m*k*[OS7SE*=S*@Q1^*4%$&6#(E*9,#E*)?,#$690#&*f*D*B&#%*6,*'%50,&'*m*K"F#"E*46"'
j*-0#(#)*4d,"%*'l-%*F%''%*k*[+SISE*=S*WWTÊ*0"*&)69#'%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*$6],%*=6&%"()*=30"#?,%
%"(&%*-l-%*%(*/.?&*%(*F%''%*%(*E.*&S
B%96* 4#(E* 5d%'(* '0,$%"(* f* ,"* 6"]96#'* 50-=9.(%-%"(* (&/7)9SE* 4%'(&0/)* [F&6"]9#'6(#0"
(%"(6"(%^*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*6FF6#&%*50--%*46"'*j*9d6&,5(6''0"*'0"*=6&9%>#"]*k*[+SISE*=S*QQU^
0,*j*Bd%'(*,"*&)69*=36&"0-."%*6550,'(#5*k*[+SISE*=S*QWQ^S*<0,&*9%'*$%&>%'*%"*#"]*#-=0')'
=6&*:0,50(*[j*<&0'=)&#(#"]*kE*j*M%&$0'#(#"]*k^*E*#9'*F0"(*F&)-#&*=6&*9%,&*65(,69#()*%(*"0,'*%"
&%=6&9%&0"'*46"'*"0(&%*(&0#'#.-%*=6&(#%S
Od,"%* F6b0"* =9,'* ])")&69%E* ',&* 9%* =96"* 4%* 96* -,'#569#()* %(* %"* 50"'#4)&6"(* 5%&(6#"%'
0=(#0"'* =&#'%'* %"* 5%* ?,#* 50"5%&"%* 9%'* %-=&,"('* f* 9d6"]96#'E* 9%'* 6=050=%'E* 9%'* $%&>%'
50-=0')'* [0"* &%(&0,$%* ,"* =%,* 9%'* -l-%'* 53%u* <6(&#5n* B36-0#'%6,E* 46"'* >+)98$"#&
(&/' /&%7' ?$/G)&/* "0(6--%"(^* %(* 5%&(6#"'* ',FF#g%'E* 0"* =0,&&6* %'(#-%&* ?,%E* 46"'* 9%
=&#"5#=%E* 9%* "0$6&#"#%"* &%''%->9%* ,"* =%,* 6,* 5&)09%S* <9,'* 6"%540(#?,%-%"(E* 96* ?,%'(#0"
j* ?,d%'(H5%* ?,%* (,* F6#'H(,* h* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1T@^* =0,&&6* -l-%* "0,'* &6==%9%&* ,"%* (0,&",&%
(/=#?,%-%"(*?,)>)50#'%S*7,(&%*96"],%*$#$6"(%E*9d699%-6"4*'%&6*=&)'%"(*46"'*,"%*?,%'(#0"
50-#?,%* 50--%* j* 79=30"'%E* ~6''%* (,* F6#'* h* k* [+SISE* =S* WQV^* -6#'* 5d%'(* ',&(0,(* 46"'
96*-6"#.&%*4d6''05#%&*5%&(6#"'*-0('*=0,&*%"*#"$%"(%&*4d6,(&%'*=6&*6]]9,(#"6(#0"'*f*9d#"F#"#
?,%*9d6,(%,&*'d%"*#"'=#&%*-6"#F%'(%-%"(S*;"*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(*4)5%9%&*,"%*(&65%*4d#(69#%"
46"'*j*F#"%'(&%*k*[;SRSE*=S*XT^*%(*4d%'=6]"09*46"'*j*K'=)5#69%-%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*@WU^*c*46"'
j* 869#-69%uH9%'* ?,0#* k* [OS7SE* =S* WTÊ* 5d%'(* 96* F6-%,'%* F0&-,9%* 6&6>%* ?,#* '%* &%(&0,$%&6
3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(* F&6"5#')%S* K"F#"E* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&E* 9%'* -l-%'* "0,$%99%'* "0,'* '%&0"(
40"")%'*46"'*=9,'#%,&'*96"],%'*4#FF)&%"(%'*%"*,"*$)&#(6>9%*F%,*4d6&(#F#5%*")0H>6>)9#%"S
K&N*'"%>
M0,'*6,&#0"'*=,*#"(#(,9%&*5%((%*'0,'*=6&(#%*50--%*',#(*D*j*qI0&(%'*h*kE*(6"(*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%
9d69(%&"6(#$%* 4,* -0&(* 0,* $#F* "d6* =6'* ]&6"4* '%"'* #5#* q* -l-%* '#* 5d%'(* ',&(0,(* 9d3,-0,&* ?,#
&%"4&6*=&)'%"('*96(#"*%(*]&%5*6"5#%"S*Bd%'(*6#"'#*?,%*4%,g*"0,$%6,g*=%&'0""6]%'*[6&(#'(%'*h
=3#90'0=3%'*h^*#99,'(&%'*$%&&0"(*9%*C0,&*D*j*<30"05&6(%*k*[OS7SE*=S*TW^*%(*j*<3#90569/='%*k*[OS7SE
=S* 1V1^S* <9,'* ')&#%,gE* 9%* -0(* j* +0]04/"6-#?,%* k* 'd#"'=#&%* 4#&%5(%-%"(* 4,* ]&%5* q
$(&?* =0,&* j* '/'()-6(0]&6=3%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @1TÊ* j* J)>)=3&0"%5(%* k* [OS`SE* =S* @LUÊ
j*0=3(69-#=.4%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*1V@^*%(*j*-#'05#4%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QWQ^*'6"'*0,>9#%&*j*"6&509/(%*k
XU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
46"'* D.:/7.E&* [=S* XUAÊ* j* 53&0-0'0"%&#%* k* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' (&/' .8$?.#A* [=S* @QUÊ
j* <6&699)90=%&=9%g%* k* 46"'* F&' /#$/* [=S* X1Ê* j* 404)56(,=.4%* k* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* 11^* %(
j*B3&0"0=09%*k*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@W^S*O6"'*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/E*0"*6,&6**-l-%*,"%
'0&(%*4%*(#&*]&0,=)*50"5%&"6"(*9%'*-0('*4%*5%*(/=%*%(*'d%g=9#?,6"(*=6&*,"*)"%&$%-%"(*4%
9d6,(%,&*50"(&%*,"*(&0=*4%*(3)0&#%*D*j*0&(30'5)"#'(%'*k*[=S*@@TÊ*j*6"(3&0=0(3)&6=%,(%*k*[=S
@@TÊ*j*40]-6(%'*k*[=S*@1WÊ*j*%"(0-090],%,&'*k*[=S*@QVÊ*j*40]-6(0')'*k*[=S*@QL^S*
a,6"(*6,*96(#"E*#9*'%&6*0-"#=&)'%"(*c*5d%'(*?,%E*(%9*O%'=&0]%'*%(*`%&3%]]%"E*M0$6&#"6
#&6* $0#&* 4,* 5s()* 4%'* F%,#99%'* &0'%'* -6#'* %"* 'd6-,'6"(E* 9,#E* f* &%$#'#(%&* 5%&(6#"%'* F0&-,9%'
9#(,&]#?,%'*D*j*#"*'#(,*%(*0&>#*k*[OS7SE*=S*@VV^*-6#'*6,''#*j*7-%"#>,'*kE*j*<6(.&%*"0,'(.&%*kE
j*699)90,/05*kE*%(5S*7,(&%'*F65)(#%'*D*b6*%(*9fE*&%-=965)*=6&*j*3#5*%(*305*k*[OS7SE*=S*1U^*%(E
46"'*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/E*4%'*-0('*50--%*j*-)4#6]0],%'*k*[=S*@@WÊ*F0&-)'*f*=6&(#&*4%
j*-)4#,'[\-%4#,-^kE*9%*',FF#g%*)(6"(*]&%5S
O6"'*j|'d6]#(%&}*9%*&%5(%*k*[+SISE*=S*WW@Ê*0"*=6&(*4%*&%5(,-*=0,&*#-6]#"%&*,"*)?,#$69%"(
5056''%* f* 9d%g=&%''#0"* ]&0''#.&%* e'%* >0,]%&* 9%'* F%''%'eS* O%* -l-%E* 0"* '%* '%&$#&6* 4%
9d)(/-090]#%*96(#"%*=0,&*)(6>9#&*5%((%*4#'(#"5(#0"*D*j*M0,'E*9%'*F#99%'E*0"*6*4,*965(%*c*$0,'*9%'
]6&'E*4,*'=%&-%*m*k*[+SISE*=S*QUA^S*8,&*9%*-l-%*=&#"5#=%E*0"*6,&6*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*D
j*9d30--%*&%=&04,#(*4%*9d30--%*64*9#>#(,-*=0,&*&%F6#&%*4%*9d30--%*:$=$(&*k*[=S*@ATÊ*:$($(&
&6==%96"(9#$#4%E*64C%5(#F*?,#*&%"$%&&6#(*f*j*+d30--%*>9l-#(*kE*=3&6'%*50"59,6"(*4&'@$/*9#)/
.#A'.8$?.#AS
7,(&%'* 055,&&%"5%'* D* j* O%F,"5(,'* %'(* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* @L@Ê* j* ")'H`6&#)(,&* k* [OS7SE* =S
LUÊ* j* C,'?,d6,* >0&4* %g(&)-#'* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1@UÊ* j* Z,]#(* +,g* k* [GS8SE* =S* @V1Ê* '6"'* 0,>9#%&
96* (#&64%* 96(#"%* 4,* (&#0* F)-#"#"* 4%* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* @WUÊ* %g%-=9%'* =6&-#* 4d6,(&%'S* a,6"(* f
j* 9d6>w-%* 6==%99%* 9d6>w-%* k* [8SE* =S* LWÊ* #9* =&05.4%* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* =%,* 4,* F6-%,g* j* 7'#",'
6'#",-*F&#56(*kS*O6"'*j*96*=9,'*=%(#(%*-0#"4&#''#-%*k*[OS7E*=S*1UVÊ*9%*',FF#g%*j*#''#-%*k
=%&-%((&6E* 9,#E* 4d#"'#'(%&* ',&* 96* "0(#0"* 4%* =%(#(%''%* %g(&l-%* q* $(&?* =0,&* 96* $)905#()* 6$%5
j*&6=#4#''#-%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*QAV^*c*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*0"*5&0#'%&6*4%'*j*6"#-6,g
'#-=9#''#-6,g*k*[=S*WU^S*O6"'*j*O%6&*=,>9#50,-%E*50&='*=)&#40"*k[+SISE*=S*QQLÊ*9d6"]96#'
%(*9%*96(#"*q*$0#&%*9%*]&%5*[5FS*j*=)&#*k^*q*'%*&%(&0,$%&0"(*-)96"])'S
B0--%* 53%u* a,%"%6,E* 9d6"5#%"* F&6"b6#'* '%&6* )]69%-%"(* &%=&)'%"()E* -6#'* =6'
F0&5)-%"(*=6&04#)*50--%*46"'*:&/'D:&#)/'=:&#&/*c*5%*'0"(*=9,(s(*4%'*(0,&'*4%*=3&6'%*?,#
'%&0"(*&%=&#'*q*%(*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*4d)5&#(,&%*['%g(#"%E*F6(&6'#%E*>96'0"^*?,#*'%&0"(*(&6"'=0')%'E
(0,(*50--%*'%&6*9#(()&6#&%-%"(*-04%&"#')*9d6&(*4%*9d%'56-0(6]%*4%*F0#&%E*6*(&6$%&'*9d,(#9#'6(#0"
50"'(6"(%*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*["0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^S
OKOKUK&[&D00$1(2/%)2%-&\
a,6"(*6,*-0(**k*-)(3%,&6"'5."%*kE*'d#9*'%->9%*=9,(s(*4)=&)5#6(#F*[-%((%,&%"'5."%*9d%z(*)()
-0#"'Ê*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*f*56,'%*4%*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*j*&6"5%*k*?,#*&%"$0#%*6,*5s()*=)&#-)
[4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4%*9d6,(%,&^*4%*96*4#5(6(,&%*>0,50(#?,%*4%*(0,'*5%'*-%((%,&'*%"*'5."%*'%
F6#'6"(*-0,''%&*f*=6&(#&*4%*(%g(%'*?,d#9'*"d0"(*=6'*)5&#('*c*46"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*96*-#'%
%"*'5."%*"%*4%$#%"(*=6'*96*-#'%"'5."%*-6#'*96*j*-/'6"'5."%*kE*j*-/'6"*k*#"4#?,6"(*=%,(H
l(&%*,"%* 5%&(6#"%*-/'6"(3&0=#%* 'd6==9#?,6"(* C,'(%-%"(* f* (0,'* 5%'* j* '0&>0""0]&6=3%'* kE
j*]&6--6(0H&640(#%"'*kE*j*=%&&0?,6(%,&'*4%*50"5%=('*kE*j*>0569#'6(%,&'*4%*")$&0'%'*kE
j*4)-l9%,&'*4%*=)"#'*kE*j*=l53%,&'*4%*-)6"4&%'*kE*j*50,=%,&'*4d30--%'*%"*(&0#'*k*%(
6,(&%'*j*&)4,5(%,&'*4%*>l(%'*k*$#09%--%"(*F,'(#])'*46"'*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/*[$8*2S<SE*4%
96*=S*@@@*f*@XA^S
O6"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* 0"* =6&(* 4%* 9d)5&#(,&%* =30")(#?,%E* 5%* (%&-%* * 4%$6"(* 'd(%&-E
-6#'* 0"* $6* %"50&%* =9,'* 90#"* %"* %"9%$6"(* 9d6=0'(&0=3%E* '* %(* (%&-* 'd655096"(* =0,&* 6>0,(#&
XL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
f* j* '(%&-* k* [=S* QTV^S* ;"* &%5%"'%* %"50&%* [$8* BSJS^* 9%* 56'* =6&(#5,9#%&* 4d,"%* 6=050=%
&)69#')%* f* =6&(#&* 4d,"%* =0''#>9%* 6]]9,(#"6(#0"* D* 5d%'(* j* ]90>0('* k* ?,#* (&0"?,%* '6"'* 40,(%
]90>05,96#&%'S* ;,(&%* j* +6"5#%""%* -#"%* k* 4%* 4538"#$I7#(&' [=S* QQÊ* 0"* 5&0#'%* 6,''#* 46"'
4.' K*G8&* j* 86->&)-%,'%* k* [=S* VU^* %(* '#]"690"'* %"F#"* 9%'* 56'* 4%* j* +%"4%-6#"* kE
4dk*)(&,-6#"*kE*4%*j*-696,F0"4*kE*4%*j*9)50"0-#%*kE*4%*j*()"0&-%*kE*4%*j*:%'(#5,90((%*k*%(
4%*j*(6,?,%536,4#'(%*k*[j*(69n*k*%(*j*'30~*k*'d6]]9,(#"6"(*=30")(#?,%-%"(^S*B%'*]&6=3#%'E
"0(0"'H9%E*'%*&%(&0,$%"(*'0,$%"(*53%u*N6>%96#'*[j*?,#9*F6,(*kE*j*(&%']&6"4%*kE*j*#9*96$6996*kE
j*#9*96$0#(*kE*%(5S^*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*'%,9*=0#"(*50--,"*%"(&%*9%'*4%,g*)5&#$6#"'S
OKRK&,*/01%&9%)(%&%(&5E$*/0%&'%-&0%/)%OKRKOK&?/%&9%2/%&:#:1$*2)%
;"*9%*$0#(*46"'*9%*(#(&%*-l-%*?,d#9*530#'#(*4%*9%,&*40""%&*[5FS*-0('*j*9,((%*kE*j*596''%'*k*%(
j*6(%9#%&*kÊ*9%'*=&%-#.&%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*'0"(*50--%*j*F&6==)%'*6,*50#"*4,*=0=,96#&%*kE
'#*9d0"*=%,(*4#&%S*B%96*'%*&%(&0,$%*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*(3.-%'*-6#'*6,''#*%(
',&(0,(*6,*"#$%6,*4,*96"]6]%*?,#*%'(*'0,$%"(*=96#'6--%"(*6&]0(#?,%S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*=6&*%g%-=9%E*0"*j*'%*|50,$&%}*9%*530,*k*[=S*@AL^*%(*0"*j*|$#'%}*,"
=0'(%*f*96*50,9%*k*[=S*VX^S*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*5d%'(*9%*-0(*j*=#F*k*?,#*-0"(&%&6*9%*>0,(
4%*'0"*"%u*D*46"'*j*N#>0(HO0&%(H+0,#'HN)(#FE*'0&(%u*4d%"*>6'*?,d0"*$0,'*$0#%*9d=#F*m*k*[=S*QXQÊ
5%&(%'*c*-6#'*6,''#*46"'*D*j*:#],-%HB6&"6?,%E*53%F*#"])"#%,&*f*<0#9H4,*<#F*k*[=S*QTU^S*O6"'
4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=0''#>9%*=)&#=3&6'%*=0,&*6&]0(Ê*0"*6,&6*-l-%*,"*&)5#(
5)9#"#%"*[5FS*F0&-,9%'*#-6])%'E*$#(%''%*&#]040"6"(%E*$#09%"5%*&%"4,%*50-#?,%^*?,#*=0,&&6#(
F#],&%&*46"'*>.//&2%$%&*[-l-%*'#*0"*=%,(*6,''#*=%"'%&*f*I#536,g^*D
Je fonce au tas, pensant naïf pouvoir l’vriller sans qu’y m’désosse. Lui m’bourre
la case, y veut me découdre. […] Il a eu l’front ! Sitôt, j’en gueule : « A moi,
natifs d’Arras ! » Y m’fait : « Goule pas, blaisiau, t’as les clapettes ! » Jouant des
deux j’lui canne une pive. Y m’fait face. « Vas-y, flanche pas » que j’me rétorque
en mon for intérieur. Y m’en fout deux. V’la l’autre qu’arrive avec la poularde
flanquée d’ses deux rosses à faire pleurer les canons. Y s’échauffe. J’m’échauffe
aussi. D’un beau plongeon morganateur, j’lui trempe une phalangekès en
plein l’trou d’l’œil, l’étiaffe d’un coup. Mince de balade ! On roule à deux dans
la fosse […] : coup de deuil, l’pitaine était là à nous épier planté derrière. Au
clou, qu’y nous a menés, à Gap. Huit jours de rat, quoi. Les deux dans la même
tanne, basse sur pattes et quatre sur trois… […] Des jours, je croyais qu’on
s’étranglerait. (p. 179).
O#&%5(%-%"(*9#)*f*9d6&-)%E*9%*]%"&%*j*50-#?,%*(&0,=#%&*k*'%*=&)'%"(%*)]69%-%"(*50--%*,"%
4%'*#"F9,%"5%'*-6C%,&%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*%(*96*B36"'0"*7,(0-0>#9%*[#"*;SRS^*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%
"0,'*F6#&%*'0"]%&*f*96*(&6"'=0'#(#0"*-)(6=3/'#?,%*4d,"*6#&*6,C0,&4d3,#*50-=9.(%-%"(*0,>9#)
-6#'*?,#*%,(*'0"*3%,&%*4%*]90#&%S*+d3,-0,&*`%&-0(*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*9%'*536"'0"'*%"*?,%'(#0"
[C%,g*4%*-0('*40,(%,gE*%'=&#(*>96],%,&Ê*9%*]%"&%*(#(#*=6&#'#%"*[=9%#"*4%*]6#%()*%(*4d#&0"#%^*%(
96*=6&9,&%*=6&F0#'*&,4%*4d,"*P6$&053%*(&0,$%&0"(*40"5*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=0'()&#()*9#(()&6#&%*46"'
,"%*r,$&%*50--%*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*-l-%*'#*9d6&]0(*/*5s(0#%&6*=&#.&%*53&)(#%""%E
F0&-,9%'*9#(,&]#?,%'*%(*(3)090]#%*")]6(#$%*c*5d%'(*6#"'#E*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*?,%*9%*&%F,'*&64#569
4,*&)%9*%(*9d6"]0#''%*-)(6=3/'#?,%*4,*"6&&6(%,&H6,(%,&*=0,&&0"(*'d%g=&#-%&*46"'*,"%*=3&6'%
4)F#"#(#$%*50--%*j*G%*"%*=%,g*=9,'*=#F%&*9d,"#$%&'*k*[=S*@@1^S
;"*(0->%&6*6,''#*',&*4%'*(0,&",&%'*F6-#9#.&%'*%(*#"50&&%5(%'*50--%*j*?,.?,%*530'%
4d#"()&%''6"(* k* [=S* 1@1^* 0,* j* Bd%'(* ,"%* 3#'(0#&%* ?,%* ?,6"4* C%* 9d%"(%"4'E* Cd%"* -."%* =6'
XV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
96&]%*k*[=S*@AWÊ*4%'*#-6]%'*3,-0&#'(#?,%'*50--%*j*'0"*C,]%*0,(&)*$#&6*5#(&0"*k*[=S*U1^
0,* %"50&%* 4%'* -0('* %(* %g=&%''#0"'* (%9'* ?,%* j* 5695#F'* k* [=S* @U@Ê* j* F&6"]#"%'* k* [=S* 1W@^
%(* j* (&#'(%* =#]"0,F* k* [=S* 1XX^* q* 6$%5E* 46"'* 5%((%* =#.5%E* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* =&)4#9%5(#0"* =0,&* 9%
$056>9%*j*n9%>'*kE*,(#9#')*f*96*=6]%*@VA*-6#'*6,''#*46"'*j*ˆ#FHˆ9%>'*k*[=S*1QL^*%(*j*n9%>'
4%*56&"6''%&#%*k*[=S*LW^S
OKRKRK&S#1*2$$%&%(&<%)5E(2-5%
R9* "d%'(* =6'* )(0""6"(* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* 50""6#''%* %(* ,(#9#'%* 9d6&]0(S* B%((%* 96"],%* %'(* 9#)%* 6,
-/'(.&%*%(*f*9d0->&%*c*#9*/*6*%"*%99%*50--%*,"*&%F,'*4dl(&%*50-=&#'*$0#&%*,"%*36#"%*4%*96
"0&-%S*R9*#&6*-l-%*$0#&*4,*5s()*4,*$%&96"*[46"'*j*C64)*k*=6&*%g%-=9%*0o*j*4)Cf*k*'%*$0#(
&6==&053)*4%*j*C64#'*kÊ*=6''6"(*=30")(#?,%-%"(*4%*j*n#90*k*f*j*;3*?,d#9*k*[7SRSE*=S*TL^S*a,6"(
f*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*C6&]0"*536&5,(6#99)*k*[`SaSE*=S*TLÊ*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*-6"#.&%*4d)$0?,%&
9%*90,53%&>%-E*5%((%*96"],%*'#*=6&(#5,9#.&%*?,%*=&6(#?,6#%"(*9%'*>0,53%&'*%(*?,%*a,%"%6,
,(#9#'6*46"'*CA&)*$*&/'(&'/7S:&S*Od6,(&%'*#"#(#6(#$%'*"0,'*'%->9%"(*6''%u*?,)"#%""%'E*=6&
%g%-=9%*)5&#&%*46"'*,"*6&]0(*#-6]#"6#&%E*&%(&6$6#99)*%(*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*3%&-)(#?,%E*50--%
f*96*=6]%*WLX*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*D
A farfoiner des acrocholebifes et à redevenir vert-tomate, et à ourler des
ouzebingues jusqu’à plus ras j’amentuissais à périr cabochon mes deux
jambages, plus vite possible. […]. Heureusement, par un heureux malheur, mon
beau-blince me dit d’accrebluter son louite-fauve à mes deux jorines par la
dernière des lézardées qui me restaient : me v’là donc qui trouve balza et suinton.
R5#E*5d%'(*',&(0,(*9d%'=&#(*4%*9d6&]0(*[9#)*f*,"*5%&(6#"*=3&6')E*f*,"*5%&(6#"*&/(3-%*4%*=3&6'%^
?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*=&)'%"(*c*6,*&%'(%E*9d#"F9,%"5%*%'(*%"*F6#(*4d%''%"5%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*5)9#"#%""%
[$0#&%*-#53694#%""%^*%"*5%*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'E*'%->9%H(H#9E*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*6&]0(*[-6#'
%"*%'(H5%*$&6#-%"(*,"*h^*%"50&%*=9,'*&%(&6$6#99)*?,%*53%u*N6/-0"4*a,%"%6,*q*%(*"0(0"'
%"* =6''6"(* ?,%* 9%* j* ])"#(&0"5* k* 4%* 96* =6]%* @1W* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"%
&)-#"#'5%"5%*4%*H9)7'\'*)I($7S
7,(&%*=6&%"(3.'%*D*#9*/*6*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*,"*6,(&%*=6''6]%*H*?,0#?,%*&)4#])*46"'
,"*6&]0(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*596''#?,%*[5FS*j*F9#"],%*kE*j*4#&%5(0*kE*j*C%*-%*=0#"(%*kE*j*=0,&*96
'0#F*kE*%(5S^*q*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*'#]"69%&*#5#*-6#'*50--%*#9*&%9.$%*)]69%-%"(*4,*'(/9%*=&0=&%*f*,"
5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*&0-6"*"0#&\=09#5#%&*F&6"b6#'*[5FS*+)0*I69%(E*(&64,5(#0"'*4%*O,36-%9E*%(5SÊ
"0,'*%"*&%=6&9%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4E*46"'*"0(&%*(&0#'#.-%*=6&(#%S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*96*96"],%*$%&(%*'%&6*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*=&)'%"(%*-6#'E*(%9*B)9#"%E
M0$6&#"6*"%*=&0=0'%&6*=6'*,"*6&]0(*>&,(*[50--%*53%u*Z0&(0"E*+%*:&%(0"*%(*=6&F0#'*8#-0"#"Ê
"0"* &%=%"')E* "0"* &%(&6$6#99)* 9#(()&6#&%-%"(* c* 5d%'(* 6#"'#* ?,%* -)u#],%* 4%$#%"4&6* j* -%'
u#],%'*k*%(*?,%*9%'*-#53%'*"%*'0"(*=9,'*$&6#-%"(*9%'*-#53%'*D*j*Gd6#*-69*6,g*-#C%'E*Cd6#*-69
6,g*>0#'*k*[=SLU^S*O%*-l-%E*4%'*C%,g*4%*-0('*[=6&*%g%-=9%*4)596&%\4)56&&%*%(*46"'*9%*56'
?,#*',#(*D*>0>#"%*%(*F#9\F#5%99%^*'d#--#'5%&0"(*50--%*46"'*96*j*B36"'0"*4d-6*>0>#"%*k*[;SRSE
=S*@@L^*536"()%*=6&*j*G0C0*4d96*>0w(%*4%*F#5%99%*kE*?,d%'(*=d(l(d*F#5%99%*50--%*+6''#%*53#%"
F#5%99%E*)$%"(,69#()*"0"*=&)5#')%S
<l9%H-l9%E* 0"* &%5%"'%&6* 46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&' =9,'#%,&'* $056>9%'* %(\0,* %g=&%''#0"'
=0=,96#&%'* =9,'* 0,* -0#"'* 6&]0(#?,%'* (%9'* ?,%* j* <6"64%* m* k* [=S* @LQÊ* j* I6u%((%E
>%&"#?,%*m*k*[=S*@VWÊ*j*B&)"0-*mk*[=S*@VTÊ*j*>0>6&4*k*[=S*@LL^*%(*j*&6-46-*k*[=S*@W1^*c*0"
&%5%"'%*%"50&%*,"*j*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*:64#]0#"5%k*[=S*UU^*%(*"0(0"'*6,''#*j*=6&#]0(*k*[=S*@XTÊ
j*-0&F9%*k*[=S*LLÊ*j*>)56"%*k*[=S*@QW^*%(*j*>6&6?,%*kE*j*=6(&6?,%*kE*%(5S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&E* -l-%* 4)F#9)* 6$%5* j* 5%,''%* kE* j* 536&0]"%* kE* j* >6&>0(%&* kE* j* 50->#"%* kE
j* >0,90((%&* k* %(* j* <&l(%H-%H9%* kS* K"F#"* %(* =6&* =6&%"(3.'%E* '#* 9d0"* 50""6#''6#(* 96* j* Is-%
TA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
M)6"(*k*4%*26&4#%,E*0"*'%*=&%"4*f*=%"'%&*?,%*9%*',&"0-*4%*j*Is-%*P&6>,]%*kE*-%"(#0"")
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*'#)&6#(*F0&(*>#%"*f*96*_6u#%*4%*a,%"%6,S
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[==S*UUHULÊ*9d6=0'(&0=3%*'%&6*56"6#99%*%(*]6$&053#%""%*D
j*-%*$d9f*%"50&%*4d96*&%$,%*kE*j*20,(*=%(#(*Cd6$6#'*4dCf*|t}*kE*j*Cd$6#'*9d'6#]"%&*k*q*$(&?*46"'
45J)$0$8&')9#0&*D*j*`d96*?,d%99%*kE*j*Gd&%-,%*9%'*?,#99%'*kE*%(5S*O6"'*456*7&'*$8*988#E*0"*6,&6
**j*=6,$d5#(&0"*4d-6*=0--%*k*[=S*@XXÊ*j*$0(d5646$&%*k*[=S*@XW^*%(*j*/*"0,'*&d]6&4%*k*[=S*@LA^S
<0,&* 9d%g=&%''#0"* j* +p53%* =6'* 96* =6(6(%* k* [;SRSE* =S* @@@Ê* %99%* "0,'* =6&6w(* -)96"]%&
e+p53%*=6'*9d6FF6#&%e*%(*e]6&4%*96*=6(6(%eE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*e]6&4%*9%*-0&69eE*'0#(*96*=l53%*$0#&%*96
>6"6"%*[(%&-%*'d6==9#?,6"(*=9,'*'=)5#F#?,%-%"(*6,*'0,&#&%Ê*96*?,%'(#0"*)(6"(*4%*'6$0#&*'#
5%*'0"(*9%'*=6(6(%'*?,#*40""%"(*96*=6(6(%S*J6>#(,%99%-%"(*?,69#F#)'*4%*=0,9%('E*9%'*=09#5#%&'
'%->9%"(E* 46"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [=S* @ATÊ* '%* (&6"'F0&-%&* %"* j* =30?,%'* k* ?,#* ['#5^
j*9,#*-#&%"(*96*(l(%*6,*'65*k*q*4%*-l-%*96*]&6=3#%*%"*j*50F%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@QXÊ*4d6#99%,&'
6"6]&6--%*=30")(#?,%*4%*=30?,%'E*=0,&&6*',&=&%"4&%E*n%,F'*[-0(*&)5%--%"(*%"(&)*46"'
9%*4#5(#0""6#&%^*50&&%'=0"46"(*-#%,g*f*96*=&0"0"5#6(#0"*36>#(,%99%S
B%96*4#(E*9%'*$6&#6(#0"'*6&]0(#?,%'*9%'*=9,'*4&s9%'*50"5%&"%&0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*(0=0"/-#%*D
46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*VWÊ*6$%5*j*+05(&0,4/*k*[(&0,*0o*&)'#4%"(*4%'*90?,%4,'*h^*%(
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*6$%5*j*:#>#H9%'HI0,9#"%6,g*k*[=S*@QX^*%(*-l-%*[=S*@XX^*9d6,(3%"(#?,%
j*B96-%5/*k*[0o*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*j*596-'%&*k^*-6#'*)]69%-%"(*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*UXÊ*6$%5
j*B3p(%9H:0>6&4*k*=0,$6"(*'0""%&*6,''#*50--%*9%*"0-*4d,"*-6,$6#'*$#"*#'',*4d,"%*5,$)%
e>#40"e*[5FS*:0>6&4^S
<0,&*(%&-#"%&*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%*50"'65&)%*f*96*96"],%*$%&(%E*6FF#&-0"'*?,%*96*]&0''%
4#FF)&%"5%* %"(&%* a,%"%6,* %(* M0$6&#"6E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* 4%* c.O$&' (.8/' :&' ?I7)9* '%
=0'6#(* %"50&%* 96* ?,%'(#0"* 4%* 9d6&]0(* %(* 4,* -)96"]%* 4%'* ]%"&%'* ',&* ,"* =96"* (3)0&#?,%* %(
=09#(#?,%* (6"4#'* ?,%E* 96* 530'%* )(6"(* 65?,#'%* q* C,'(%-%"(* ]&p5%* f* 4%'* 6,(%,&'* 50--%
N6/-0"4*a,%"%6,*[-6#'*6,''#*N#5(,'E*B)9#"%E*B6&50E*Z0&(0"E*8#-0"#"E*+%*:&%(0"E*O6&4E
:0,46&4E*J)9)"6E*7,4#6&4E*8#"#65*%(*50"'0&('^*q*%(E*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%E*96*4#]%'(#0"*0=)&)%E
9%*4&6-6(,&]%E*(&.'*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*,(#9#'%*9d6&]0(*f*9d0556'#0"*(0,(*f*F6#(*50--%*#9*=6''%*4d,"
&%]#'(&%*f*9d6,(&%*[0,*9%'*-l96"(Ê*5d%'(*f*4#&%*'6"'*?,%*5%96*=&)'%"(%*96*-0#"4&%*4#FF#5,9()*[4%
5%"',&%E*4%*&%(%",%E*4d6FF%5(6(#0"E*4%*-6w(&#'%*#-=6&F6#(%*0,*6,(&%'^S
OKRKUK&?/&E"$%"(2-5%&4#)(&)EN#12--*/(
O6"'*,"%*(%"(6(#$%*[5%&(%'*&6()%^*4d6''05#%&*46"'*,"*-l-%*-0,$%-%"(E*]&6"4*596''#?,%
?,)"#%"* [5FS* j* &%9,?,p-%'* k* \* j* =,p(* kE* %(5SÊ* 4%'* &%]#'(&%'* 4%* 96"],%* 4#FF)&%"('* [6$%5E
#5#E* ,"%* F0&-%* 50"4#(#0""%99%* ?,#* &6==%99%* $6],%-%"(* 9d#-=6&F6#(* 4,* ',>C0"5(#F* %(* ,"%
)9)]6"(%*(0,&",&%*-)4#)$69%*6$%5*',C%(*46"'*9%*$%&>%Ê*0"*0>(#%"4&6*53%u*M0$6&#"6*j*a,%
4%$#%"4&z-%'* '6"'* 9%'* 6&=#0"'* h* kS* 3(&?* =0,&* j* 7* ?,#* #9* %'(* 5d50&='* #-HC%* h* k* [;SNSE* =S
L1Ê* ?,%'(#0"* 'd64&%''6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* f* O#%,* %(* &%''%->96"(* =0,&* 96* F#"* 6,* j* a,%* "%* $0,'
6''0--dC%*k*4,*=.&%*!>,S
O6"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%* 4d#4)%'E* 96* "0(#0"* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4%* j* 4%-%,&%* F&6]#9%* kE
'd6==9#?,6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*>#>9#?,%-%"(*f*5%*(%-=9%*'65&)*?,d%'(*9%*50&='*[5%9,#*4%*I6&#%E*=6&
%g%-=9%Ê*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*`0/%u*5%*50&='E*5d%'(*-6*>6&6?,%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@@1Ê
96*j*>6&>6?,%*k*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"*[(6"4#'*?,%*96*F6-%,'%*#"'5&#=(#0"*j*%*=%&#5090*'=0&]%&'#*k
5s(0#%*9d#"(%&4#(*>#>9#?,%*f*96*=6]%*T@*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*D*j*2,*"dFd&6'*=0#"(*5,#&%*9%
$%6,*\*O6"'*9d96#(*4d'6*-.&%*\*M#*(%*=%"53%&*(&0=*36,(E*=6&*96*=0&(#.&%*m*k^*c*6,(&%*()9%'50=6]%
#50"0596'(%*D*j*`#46"]%*%(*90,6"]%*6,*O#%,*5&)6(%,&*k*[;SNSE*=S*@ATÊ*%g%-=9%*=6&-#*4d6,(&%'S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*#9*'%&6*?,%'(#0"*4%*j*:#>#*kE*4%*j*-6*=0--%*k*$0#&%*4%*j*:#>#H96H
F&#(%*m*k*-6#'*6,''#E*46"'*,"*-l-%*-0,$%-%"(E*4%*(%&-%'*96(#"'*50--%*j*%]0*k*[$0#&%*4%
T@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*:#>#*)C,'*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*69(%&H>#>#*k^*%(*5%((%*F6b0"*6&]0(#?,%*4%*'%*4)'#]"%&*'0#H-l-%*'%
&%(&0,$%&6*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*=#.5%*0,*5%&(6#"%'*=96#"(%'*%(*#"(%&&0]6(#0"'
0"(*,"*56&65(.&%*.'%)$9)$*[56&*%"F#"*D*%'(H5%*'#*'z&*h^*=%,*50-=6(#>9%*6$%5*96*96"],%*$%&(%*D*j*8#
(,*$%,g*?,dCd/*6#99%E*4#'H-0#*?,d9fH>6'\*x*6*?,d.?,%*530'%*=0,&*>#>#*k*[=S*1X^S*7=&.'*j*%]0*k
%(*j*>#>#*kE*0"*'%*=&)055,=%&6*4d6,(&,#*%(*4%*96*=&)'%"5%*4,*j*(0#*k*%"*j**'0#*k*-6#'*9%'
'0,FF&6"5%'*'%*&%''%->9%"(*%(*'%*50"F0"4%"(*56&*j*5d%'(*C6-6#'*?,d(0"*(0#*?,#*-0&F9%*k*[;SNSE
=S*LL^S
O6"'*9%*5056''%*j*M0-*4d,"*=d(#(*:0,4436*m*q*[O#%,g*?,d#9*%'(*F6&5%*m^*k*4%*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&* [=S* ULÊ* 9d%g=&%''#0"* =&)5#%,'%* %(* 4)',.(%* j* ?,d#9* %'(* F6&5%* m* k* 5s(0#%* ,"%
%g=&%''#0"*?,#*&6==%99%*j*M0-*4d,"%*=#=%*m*kE*9d655%''0#&%*%"*?,%'(#0"*"d)(6"(*6,*F0"4*?,d,"
j*=d(#(*>0,(*4d>0#'*k*[j*>0,(*4d>0#'*k*%(*:0,4436*)(6"(*50--%*&6==&053)'^S*B%96*=0')E*0"
-%(*=%,(Hl(&%*(&0=*%"*6$6"(*4%'*=#.5%'*50--%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'%(*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*56&
9%*=&05)4)*50"'#'(6"(*46"'*9%*&6==&053%-%"(*4%*&%]#'(&%'*4#FF)&%"('*50"5%&"%*>#%"*'z&*6,''#
9%'*=#.5%'*4,*4)>,(E*f*50--%"5%&*=6&*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*0o*9d0"*(&0,$%*j*R"
()")>&#'*=65%-S*:%56,'%*P6=S*k*[=S*@UV^*%(*4%'*()9%'50=6]%'*50--%*j*5%(*6'(&%*6>'50"'6#(
F,&#%,'%-%"(*9%'*90,53%((%'*k*[=S*@ULÊ*9%'*90,53%((%'*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*90,536"(%'*-#&%((%'S
M0"0>'(6"(E*5d%'(*>%9*%(*>#%"*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*%(*46"'*9%*2&0#'#.-%*4,0*%"(&%
9d;,$&#%&*;,#5%='*%(*96*O6-%*6,(05)=369%*[==S*@1UH@1LH@1V^*?,%*9%*=&05)4)*4,*-)96"]%
4%'*]%"&%'*6((%#"4&6*$)&#(6>9%-%"(*4%'*'0--%('*%"*-6(#.&%*4d%FF#565#()*50-#?,%*c*"%*5#(0"'
?,%*D
Ce que je veux, c’est ton solide pancréasse, j’en ai jamais vusse comme çasse.
Ce que je veux, c’est ta cloison d’Sagoinse, pour elle j’en coince, ah oui
vraiment ! Ce que je veux, c’est ta membrane optique pourvue d’deux trous bien
sympathiques Ce que je veux, c’est ton conduit des frères Gerbault qui m’ont
toujours fait saliver l’museau Ce que je veux, c’est ta valvule pylorique dont
l’échappement est extrêmement pratique
O6"'* 5%((%* 536"'0"E* ?,%* "0,'* 6$0"'* =&)'%"()%* 50--%* ,"* (%g(%* f* 6-0&5%* 4%* (/=%
=%&%5?,#%"*[56&*5d%'(*6,''#*5%*?,d%99%*%'(Ê*0"*6,&6*=,*"0(%&*4%*=0''#>9%'*&)F)&%"5%'*[5FS
j*=0,-0"'*k*j*=/90&%*kE*j*'65&,-*k^*6,*F6-%,g*j*Gd6#*96*&6(%*?,#*'%*4#96(%*kE*40"(*9%*=&#"5#=%
)(6#(* ,"* =%,* 9%* -l-%S* +d6,(%,&* '%&6#(H#9* 40"5E* =6&* -0-%"('* [46"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&E
"0(6--%"(^*,"%*'0&(%*4%*50-#?,%*(&0,=#%&*46"'*96*9#]")%*4d*;,$&6&4*h*8#*9d0"*'%*&)F.&%*f
96*=6]%*V1*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*0"*$%&&6*?,%*5%((%*F#9#6(#0"*#"6((%"4,%*%'(*%"*F6#(
)$#4%"(%*D
J’ai le corps qui s’dérobe ! L’estomac qui a très froid ! La barbaque qui s’ dérobe,
la vignolle qu’est toute folle ! Les oreilles, toutes pareilles ! Les yeux beaux, deux
en trop ! La bouche une, opportune !… Les pensées sortent du nez Ah mon
cher que c’est triste à dire d’avoir été fait pour le pire Ah mon Dieu quel grand
tourment, d’avoir été construit en temps ».
Od6,(&%'*&#-%'*'%&0"(*F0&(*5056''%'*D*j*Gd',#'*=6'*96*$#5(0#&%*4d86-0(3&65%*\*`,*?,dCd6#*$)5,
'6"'*96#''%&*4d(&65%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*@ALÊ*j*B6''#040&%*k*\*j*Gd%"*&d$%,g*%"50&%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@ATÊ
j*'6,464%*k*\*j*=6"64%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@AWÊ*j*50--%*46>*k*\*j*7*>60>6>E*f*460>64*k*[;SRSE*=S
@AVÊ*j*>6&>0(%*k*\*j*30-0u/]0(%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@AAÊ*%(5S*O%*-l-%E*96*j*C09#%*>0,53%*&0'%*k*%'(
5%99%*j*6$%5*96?,%99%*0"*56,'%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@1A^S*+%*',>C0"5(#F*j*536"(6''%*k*[-6#'*j*50--%
,"%*>69%#"%*k^*%(*96*j*(&0-=%*4dK,'(653%*k*5s(0#%"(*j*&6'(6]0,6*kE*j*'6>&%(653%*k*%(*j*(&0,'
4d"%u*k*[;SRSE*=S*@AU^S
7,(&%'* 536"]%-%"('* 4%* &%]#'(&%E* 46"'* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&* 5%((%* F0#'* D
9d#"50&&%5(*j*6==6&(#%"4&,*k*[=S*QT^*?,#*6==6&6w(*46"'*,"*50"(%g(%*-)(6=3/'#?,%*%(*',&(0,(E
T1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
f*96*=6]%*ULE*96*&#-%*%"*j*=0,&=&%*k\*k*'0,=%*kS*Od6,(&%'*()9%'50=6]%'*'%&0"(*6,''#*(&.'
&),''#'*D*5%*'0"(*5%,g*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%'*#"(%&$%"(#0"'*4%'*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*$0#5#E*50--%*f*96
=6]%*XX*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*0o*9d0"*=6''%*4d,"%*')&#%*4d)90]%'*6-0,&%,g*f*j*9d3/=0(3)(#?,%
53,(%*4%'*65(#0"'*-04,96>9%'*#"4%g)%'*kS
O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*9d)59%5(#'-%*4%*9d6,(%,&*q*50-=6&6>9%*f*5%9,#*4%*:%5n%((
[j* O,* I69%>&6"53%* %"* =9,'* &0'%* k* 4#(* 9%* "6&&6(%,&* 4%* -)&?$&)' .?9#)Ê* 4%* B)9#"%* 0,* 4%
a,%"%6,*q*9,#*=%&-%((&6E*(0,C0,&'*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*4%*F6#&%*&#-%&*j*<3#905(.(%*k
%(*j*>#5/59%((%*kE*46"'*9%*564&%*4%*96*B36"'0"*%"*53&0-%*[==S*@AXH@AT^*D*j*R9*6$6#(*=6'*9,
<3#905(.(%*\*a,6"4*/*(&6==6#(*f*>#5/59%((%*|t}*\*x*'0"]%6#(*%"50&%*f*<96(0"*\*B6&*#9*40&-6#(
(0,(* 9d(%-='* 4)30&'* \* 8,d9d56&(0"* m* ',d9d56&(0"* m* k* [j* 4)30&'* k* 50&&%'=0"46"(* ,"* =%,* f* 96
=&0"0"5#6(#0"*4%*I#53%9*8#-0"*46"'*<9#(#*/.#;I'(&/'&.#A^S*7#99%,&'E*5%*'%&0"(*9%'*-0('
j*",?,%*k*%(*j*J6>65,?*k*?,#*'%*$%&&0"(*6''05#)'*=6&*96*&#-%*[-l-%*'#*9d6"690]#%*&#-6"(%*%(\
0,*=30")(#?,%*"d%'(*>#%"*'z&*=6'*96*'%,9%*-0469#()*4%*&6==&053%-%"(^S*O6"'*456*7&*$8*988#E
0"*F%&6*&#-%&*j*9d$#4%*k*6$%5*j*9#$#4%*k*%(*j*</&6-#4%'*k*[=S*@WA^*%(*j*]&6#"*4d'%9*k*6$%5
j*'%=(#.-%*5#%9*k*[=S*@W@^
K"F#"E* 5%((%* &)50"5#9#6(#0"* &)69#')%* %"(&%* ,"* 5%&(6#"* 596''#5#'-%* %(* 4%'* F0&-%'* =9,'
-04%&"%'* '%* &%(&0,$%* (0,(* "6(,&%99%-%"(* ',&* '5."%* 6,* "#$%6,* 4%'* $0#g* 4%'* 65(%,&'
"0$6&#"#%"'E*%,g*?,#*'0"(*j*|"0,&&#'}*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*4%*I09#.&%E*G6&&/E*B96,4%9E*+6>#53%*-6#'
6,''#*4%*"0(&%*96"],%*(%99%*?,d0"*96*=6&9%*%(*9d655%"(,%*(0,'*9%'*C0,&'*f*8,&%'"%'E*f*+#99%E*f
N06""%E*f*M%,53p(%9E*f*P%""%$#99#%&'E*f*86#"(HK(#%""%E*f*:%6,$6#'t*k*D*5d%'(*5%*?,d%g=9#?,%
1Q
* *
M0$6&#"6*46"'*,"%*#"(%&$#%~*?,d#9*6550&46*f*96*&%$,%*H9#;&?&87* S*<9,'*90#"*46"'*9%*-l-%
1W
405,-%"( *#9*6FF#&-%*?,dj|#9}*F6,(*56=(%&*9%'*F0&5%'*4,*96"]6]%*q*0,*?,d%99%'*'0#%"(*D*46"'*9%
&l$%E*46"'*I6996&-)*%(*6,*40'*4%'*56-#0"'*kS*+d)59%5(#'-%*4%*9d6,(%,&*%'(*%"50&%*'#]"69)%
46"'*96*>#0]&6=3#%*=,>9#)%*53%u*B0&(#*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"%*6"%540(%*"0"*6"%540(#?,%*[4d0o
'0"*#"()&l(^*D*j*@VVU*D*+%*QA*"0$%->&%E*6=&.'*,"%*'%-6#"%*4%*"s*f*96*`#99%((%E*$6*f*2&0/%'
6$%5*<6'569*;-30$.&%*$0#&*W8*(&*:.*>.8&=$G)&*4%*`#"5%"(*850((0*k
OKUK&?/%&$2((E)*(1)%&T&"#/()*2/(%-&#1&$*&'E$252(*(2#/&&'P1/&(%))*2/&f
OKUKOK&?/&:*)"#1)-&2/2(2*$2(231%
B0--%*46"'*4&*N9:'(53*.)&*[0o*J)9."%*'d)5&#(S*+SMS^*%(*K.::S'%:#/'$87$?&*[6$%5*9%*-0,9%*%"
JtItNE*',&*9%?,%9*"0,'*&%$#%"4&0"'Ê*9%'*#"#(#69%'*=0,&&0"(*6$0#&*9%,&*#-=0&(6"5%*53%u
M0$6&#"6*%(*F6#&%*9d0>C%(*4%*C%,g*)(&6"]%'*D*5d%'(*?,d#5#E*j*`SMS*k*%'(*>#%"*'z&*f*&6==&053%&
4,*"0-*4%*9d6,(%,&*-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#* 4%* j* `0#%* M)]6(#$%* kS* <0,&(6"(E* 5%* "d%'(* =6'*9%
'%,9* C%,* [h^* =&0=0')* D* 46"'* 4.* 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/' =6&* %g%-=9%* [=S* WAAÊ* #9* 'd6]#&6* =0,&* ,"
=%&'0""6]%*4%*'%g%*F)-#"#"*4%*j*|=&%"4&%}*96*=0'#(#0"*O,*B3#%"*a,d0"*&6(%S*OSBSaSNS*k
q* 56'* (&.'* &6&%* 4%* '#]9%* 50--%"b6"(* =6&* j* O,* k* c* ?,6"(* 6,* j* ZSMSNS:* k* E* 9%* '#]9%* %'(
j*#"50"",*6,*>6(6#990"*k*['6,F*=0,&*9d%"(6-%*%"*ZSMS^S*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5d%'(
,"%*50"C0"5(#0"*4%*500&4#"6(#0"*?,#*50&&%'=0"4&6*6,*j*I*k*46"'*ISMSNSRSISNSE*'0#(*j*I6#'
5%(*)9.$%*Md%"(%"4#(*&#%"*56&*R9*I%"(#(*50--%*#9*N%'=#&%*kS*+%'*#"#(#69%'*IS<S+S8S+SMSE*%99%'E
50&&%'=0"4&0"(* =9,'* =0)(#?,%-%"(E* 46"'* 4567&:$&)' ;9:.87' [5FS* =S* @A@Ê* f* j* I%'* <&%-#.&%'
+6&-%'*8,&*+6*M%#]%*kS
O6"'* 4&' @).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%'*#"#(#69%'*'%->9%"(* 6''#-#9)%'* f* 4%'* 530'%'* %g#'(6"(%'
[-6#'* 9%'?,%99%'* h^* %(* F0"5(#0""%&* 50--%* 4%'* C690"'E* 4%'* >0&"%'* 46"'* 9d%g#'(%"5%* 4%'
1Q
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*+6*50->,'(#0"*4%'*-0('*%(*9%*'65&#F#5%*50-#?,%*4%*9d65(%,&*kE*#"(%&$#%~*6550&4)%*f*96*&%$,%*H9#;&?&87E
"y@A*E*05(0>&%*\*4)5%->&%*1AAA*c*=S*1WS
1W
**3=$(E*=S*1TS
TQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
=%&'0""6]%'* D* j* 96* '5."%* 6* 9#%,* 46"'* ,"* <E* 96* '5."%* 6* 9#%,* 46"'* ,"* `S* kS* <,#'* 9%* C%,* '%
=0,&',#(*D*j*K"(&%*`*],#4)*=6&*9d*30--%*4%*iS*K"(&%*`*],#4)*=6&*9d30--%*4%*i*kS*7*96*=6]%
@UL*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*j*9%*=0&(%,&*4%*4%,g*=6"(690"'*k*$6*C,'?,df*'%*4)F#"#&*f*=6&(#&
4%*-6&?,%'*4)'#]")%'*=6&*4%'*#"#(#69%'*D*j*G%*=0&(%*96*-6&?,%*RS+SZS*',&*-6*50->#"6#'0"
-6&?,)%* PSKSNSPSE* 6$%5* 4%,g* =6"(690"'* #"()&#%,&'* #"4)=%"46"('* f* ]9#''#.&%'E* -6&?,)'
ZS!SOS* %(* NS;S+S* c* -%'* 4%,g* ]6"('* '0"(* -6&?,)'* !SZS<S* %(* NS;S+* c* -%'* 4%,g* ]6"('* '0"(
-6&?,)'*!SZS<S*%(*-6*(l(%*%'(*-6&?,)%*4d,"*(&0,*4%*(6-=0"*#4%-*kE*j*NS;S+*k*)(6"(*=%,(H
l(&%*,"*59#"*4dr#9*6,g*#"#(#69%'*[5FS*j*<S;S+*k^*4%*9d)4#(%,&*4%*j*`SMS*k*[=S*@UL^S*7*96*=6]%*1L
4%*F&'/#$/E*,"*=6&50,&'*4%*$#%*'%&6*-l-%*>69#')*=6&*4%'*#"#(#69%'*D
[…] j’ai marché de N à N’, travaillé chez T’, puis poursuivi la filière F par sa
diagonale B, puis en sens inverse de U à U ; puis redenouveau de U à U, puis
redenouveau de U à U où sous l’influence I du facteur A, j’ai rencontré le
problème B, qui s’aggrava jusqu’à la fin F où j’ai plus vu la personne P. A l’hôpital
de H l’infirmière I me parla de ma mère M, de mon père P, de mon frère F, de ma
sœur S.
B%* =&05)4)* ?,6'#H])0-)(&#?,%* '%->9%* 6''#-#9%&* 4%* F6b0"* (&6]#H50-#?,%* 9d30--%* f* ,"%
$,9]6#&%*>0,9%*4%*F9#==%&*6996"(*4d,"%*9%((&%*f*,"%*6,(&%*'6"'*?,d#9*/*6#(*]&6"4*'%"'*f*(0,(*5%
-0,$%-%"(S*B%*(/=%*4%*=6&50,&'*Fp53%,'%-%"(*%(*F,"%'(%-%"(*j*#"#(#69#(#?,%*k*'%*&%(&0,$%
46"'*9%'*j*6-0''#%""%'*-69)4#5(#0"'*k*4%*+d7"(3&0=0596'(%*46"/*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@X1^*D
j*<0,&*6$0#&*4#$#')*(%'*36>#(6"('*%"*(&0#'*u0"%'*7S:SBS*%(*536?,%*u0"%*:E*%"*(&0#'*36>#(6"('
OSKSZS*c*%(*536?,%*u0"%*Z*%"*(&0#'*36>#(6"('*RSGSˆSE*-693%,&*f*(0#E*86#"(*B36-0"4*D*(0"*3s(%9
4%*$#99%*'%*9)u6&4%*m*k
O6"'*5%*F%'(#$69*F6#(*4d#"#(#69%'E*9%'*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*`0#5#*"%*'%&0"(*=6'*%"*&%'(%E*?,#
"0,'* >0->6&4%&0"(* f* 50,='* 4%* '#]9%'* 6"0&-69%-%"(* 90"]'* 50--%* j* !SMSZS+S8SBSRS;* kE
j*ZS+S<S<SˆSNS8S*k*%(*j*ZSBS<SNS2S8SOSZSPS!*k*[;SRSE*=S*Q@^*0o*9d0"*&%50""6w(*=l9%H-l9%*ZSBS
[50--%*j*Z00(>699*59,>*kÊ*BSRS;SE*8SOSZS*%(*ZS+S<S*c*%(*#9*/*6,&6*6,''#*4%'*"0-'*4%*]&0,=%'
)5&#('*%"*-6C,'5,9%'*50--%*9%*8KN!8;O;+;88K*[;SRSE*=S*Q1Ê*96*Z;PK<7*[;SRSE*=S*QQÊ
96*8;IMR2KB*[;SRSE*=S*QX^*%(*B7<R2;+H8S7S*[;SRSE*=S*QX^*c*9f*%"50&%*%(*50--%*=0,&*,"%
0$%&40'%*=,>9#5#(6#&%E*0"*6*9%*'%"(#-%"(*50-#?,%*-6#'*=&%'?,%*0==&%''6"(*4d,"%*#"$6'#0"
4%*9d30--%*=6&*9%'*#"#(#69%'*q*0&E*#9*"d%'(*=6'*'z&*?,d#9*]6]"%&6*96*=6&(#%S
+d#"$6'#0"* 50"(#",%* 46"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [==S* QTHQU^* 6$%5* 9%'* 96>0&6(0#&%'
<7M7B;27+E* 96* BNK<RB7<7O* [?,#* =%,(* '%* 9#&%* 50--%* ,"* j* 5&)=#'* ?,d6* =6'* 4d* k^* %(
96*:;NM7B;2N7*[?,#*F6#(*=%"'%&*f*8;M7B;2N7Ê*'6"'*50-=(%&*96*<N;<ROR7O!B*4%
45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*Q@^*%(*>#%"*'z&*96*BN7<!+*[?,#*6""0"5%*96*50,9%,&^S
O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#E* #9* %'(* ?,%'(#0"* 4%* 96* j* <9)&#596&,>* k* [=S* VWÊ* -0(* 40"(* 9%* 4)>,(
)$0?,%*,"*=9)&#56(*6""0"5)S*7*96*=6]%*1@E*0"*(0->%*',&*96*=3&6'%*j**R9*%"(&%*f*"0,$%6,*,"
%''6#-*4d30--%'*J*f*$#(%''%*]&6"4*`S*kS*7,g*=6]%'*@W*%(*WAE*9d#"#(#69%*4)'#]"%*,"%*$#99%*D*96
$#99%*4%*!S*7*96*=6]%*1QE*0"*=6&9%&6*4%'*504%'*7*%(*:*%(*f*96*=6]%*QUE*0"*$6*C,'?,df*640&%&
5%'*4%,g*9%((&%'*D*j*+%'*7"(3&0=04,9%'*53)&#''%"(*69(%&"6(#$%-%"(*9%*7*%(*9%*:*kS
O%*=9,'E*#9*6&&#$%*?,%*9%'*53#FF&%'*'d%"*-l9%"(*50--%*f*96*=6]%*@WQ*4%*4.'K*G8&*[j*w9%*4%
R*kE*j*`#'#0"*4%*+S`S*kE*j*,"%*@L@X*82*UW*k^*-6#'*',&(0,(*f*96*=6]%*@T*[9d#"?,#)(6"(*j*53#FF&%*4,
O#6>9%*k*F6#'6"(*6,''#*=6&(#%*4%*96*9#'(%^*D*j*790&'*C%*-%*',#'*6''#'*6,*>0&4*4%*96*NM*TTT*%(*Cd6#
$,*=6''%&*@U1X*O:*UXE*ULTU*‚‚*X@E*LUQW*JP*L1E*VLUWX*OJ*TXE*QVLXT*B‚2P*XUE*QXUTU
8N*QWE*VLQX*PZ*VL*k*c*=,#'*0"*9#(*',&*4%'*j*=6""%6,g*(&.'*36,('*k*4%'*'90]6"'H50"'%#9'
(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"'*50--%*j*I0#'#''%u*',&*=965%*mkS*O6"'*9%'*(&0#'*56'*[j*=,>'*kE*#"#(#69%'*%(
53#FF&%'Ê* 9d30--%* %'(* "0/)E* #--%&])* c* %'(H#9* -l-%* %"50&%* 9f* h* <6'* $&6#-%"(* D* 0"* 9,#* 4#(
TW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
j*`0#5#*k*%(*#9*6''#'(%*6,*'=%5(659%*=&0=0')*c*#9*"%*F6#(*=9,'*&#%"*4d6,(&%*q*>&%FE*9%*-0#'#''%-%"(
',&*=965%*[5)&)>&69*%(*#"(%99%5(,%9*=0,&*50--%"5%&^*9%*],%((%*%(*:0,50(*]6]"%*4,*(%&&6#"S
OKUKR&L%1Q&*9%"&$%&)E"%:(%1)&%(&)%"1$&:*)&)*::#)(&&T&$*&4#)5%
K&;*)>+%&$+$.><.-+,#%&%"&$+$.><.-+%>&$)$+$.><.-+>)%>
+d6,(&%* #"#(#6(#$%* &3)(0&#?,%* ?,#* "0,'* F%&6* %"50&%* '0"]%&* f* a,%"%6,* %(* f* 9d;,9#=0E* 5d%'(
9d,(#9#'6(#0"*'#"],9#.&%*4%'*4#46'569#%'*c*46"'*4&';9:'(53*.)&*)$0?,)*=&)5%4%--%"(*[5FS*+SSMS*\
`SMSÊ*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*4%*&0-6"*=&%"6#%"(*9%,&*6,(0"0-#%E*9%,&*%"$09*c*f*96*=6]%*11@*4%
F&*/#$/*[5FS*j*R9*9%*F6#(*kÊ*5d%'(*,"%*4#46'569#%*?,#*'%*4)4#'569#'%*D
ANDRE MARCON […] J’hésite à partir d’ici : j’arrive plus à mettre mes deux
pieds. Il le fait. Les plafonds sont au sommet. J’arrive plus à mettre les pieds
dans la même mentalité. J’arrive plus à mettre mes pensées en idées. Mes deux
pensées pensent chacune de son côté.
Bd%'(* %"* '0--%* 9d#&&,=(#0"* ',&* '5."%* 4,* (3)p(&%* )5&#(S* Bd%'(* ?,d#9* /* 6* 9fE* 50--%* 53%u
a,%"%6,E* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* &%5,9* =6&* &6==0&(* f* 96* 530'%* )5&#(%* %(* f* 96* F0&-%* q* #5#* (3)p(&69%
[-6#'* 46"'* 4&' ;9:' (53*.)&* 6,''#* ?,#* %'(* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* &0-6"H=#.5%* %(* 4%* '5)"6&#0^S* <9,'
])")&69%-%"(*%(*4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4,*9%5(%,&E*9%'*j*R9*9%*F6#(*k*"0$6&#"#%"'*'0"(*4d6#99%,&'*(0,(
f*F6#(*F6'5#"6"('*c*56&*%"F#"*50--%"(*4#6>9%*F6#&%*5%*?,#*%'(*4#(*h*7*5%(*)]6&4E*96*=9,'*4&s9%
4%*5%'*4#46'569#%'*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*[GS8S*=S*@U1^*9d6>',&4%*[-6#'*F6#'6>9%^*D
LA GRAMMAIRE Je suis.
Elle le fait .
B%* 4#'=0'#(#F* (&.'* 50,&(* %'(* 50--%* ,"* =0.-%* 4%* (/=%* 36{n,* %(* ,"%* -6"#.&%* "0,$%99%* 4%
'#]"#F#%&*?,%*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*5&0#&%E*9%*j*G%*',#'*k*"%*'%*F6#(*=6'*(0,(*'%,9*D
#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*6#4%*6,*4)=6&(*[?,%*"0,'*6==%9%&0"'*O#%,^*-6#'*6=&.'*5d%'(*f*'0#*4%*'%
=&%"4&%*%"*-6#"'*=0,&*50"(#",%&*f*l(&%S
7,* F0"4E* 5%* ?,d#9* F6,(* =%,(Hl(&%* %"(%"4&%* %"* 9#'6"(* j* K99%* 9%* F6#(* kE* 5d%'(* 96* $0#g* 4d,"
I0"'#%,&*+0/69*?,#*4%-6"4%&6#(*6,*=,>9#5*[%(*#5#*D*6,*9%5(%,&^*4d6==96,4#&*9d%FF0&(*50"'(6"(
$0#&%*=&04#]#%,g*4%*5%((%*P&6--6#&%*[,"%*]&6"4H-.&%*h^*?,#*9%*F6#(E*?,#*9%*F6#(E*?,#*9%*F6#(*D
5d%'(*f*4#&%*?,d%99%*4#(*j*G%*',#'*k*%(*?,d%99%*9%*F6#(*q*530'%*=&0-#'%E*530'%*4z%*D*%99%*%'(E*%99%*/
%'(E*%99%*%'(*4%46"'E*6,*(6?,%(E*%99%*/*6&&#$%E*%99%*9%*F6#(S*Bd%'(*9%*-#&659%*4%*96*$#%*?,#*6*9#%,*',&
96*'5."%S*R5#E*'%->9%*'0,'H%"(%"4&%*9d6,(%,&E*,"*'%,9*-0(*'d#-=0'%*%(*5d%'(*D*j*:&6$0*kS*7,(&%
4#46'569#%*50-#?,%*?,#*'%->9%*&)',-%&E*%"564&%&*96*5&)6(#0"*4,*-0"4%*D*j*K"(&%*O#%,S*\*q
`0#'*\*R9*'0&(S*kS*R5#E*"0,'*'0--%'*=&%'?,%*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*-#"#H=0.-%*&6==%96"(*,"*=%,
f*96*F#"*4%*>&8()&/*4%*:%5n%((*D
[…] Pas un bruit.
Mer. RIDEAU
M0(0"'*?,df*=6&(#&*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*#9*"d/*6*?,6'#-%"(*=9,'*4d#(69#?,%'*D*5%96*50"5%&"%
4%'* 4#46'569#%'* ?,#* '%->9%"(* 4)5#4)-%"(* F6#&%* =6&(#%* 4%* 96* &%=&)'%"(6(#0"S* M0(0"'* ?,%
96* =6]#"6(#0"* 536"]%E* 96* 4#46'569#%* =0,$6"(* 'd)5&#&%* f* 4&0#(%E* 50--%* 46"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&
:5+9??&S*I6#'*9%*=&0>9.-%*&%'(%*%"(#%&*D*50--%"(*&%"4&%*5%'*#"4#56(#0"'*50"5&.(%'*h*K'(H
5%*%"50&%*4%*5%96*?,d#9*'d6]#(*h
Z65%* f* 4%'* 4#46'569#%'* =,#')%'* 46"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* 50--%* j* R5#* 9%* =0&(* 4%
B3%&>0,&]* 'd%"F96--%* k* [=S* 1QXÊ* j* R9'* %''6/%"(* 96* -0&(* &6=#4%-%"(* k* [=S* W@V^* %(* j* R9'
-%,&%"(*%"*'5."%*=0,&*4%*>0"*k*[=S*WTVÊ*4#FF#5#9%*%"*%FF%(*4%*-%((&%*9%'*530'%'*%"*=&6(#?,%S
!"%*5%&(6#"%*=0)'#%*3%&-)(#?,%*%(*3,-0&#'(#?,%*&%'(%*5%=%"46"(*(0,C0,&'*4%*-#'%E*50--%
f* 96* =6]%* QQU* 4%* 4.* >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* 0o* #9* %'(* #"4#?,)* j* K"(&%* ,"* "6#"* k* C,'(%* 6=&.'
j*+%*-0&(*)$6"0,#E*$0#5#*9d6-0,&*kS*O6"'*4&*F.)($8*(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*96*:0,53%*4d;->&%E
TX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
%99%E* '%* =&)'%"(%* f* "0,'* 50--%* ,"%* I#''* O#46'569#%* '%* 50"F0"46"(* 6$%5* ,"%* 50"(%,'%
50"(6"(* 9%* 50"(%* 4d746-* %(* K$%* D* j* R9'* 0,>9#.&%"(* 9d6,>%&]%* 4%* +6* `6&"#)%E* 9%* =%(#(* 56F)
:&,'?,%(*%(*96*=&0-%"64%*4%'*F9%,&'*(0,(*9%*90"]*4%'*&#$%'*4,*56"69*4%*9d;,&?*kE*=3&6'%
?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*%''6/%&*4%*4#&%*[-6#'*?,d%"*=%"'%&6#(*9d6,(%,&*h^*',&*,"*(0"*-#H-)96"509#?,%
-#H4)'6>,')*50--%*5%9,#*?,%*=&%"6#(*86536*P,#(&/*46"'*'%'*F#9-'*[$0#g*0FF*%(*4#46'569#%
)(6"(*4%'*=&05)4)'*'%*&%''%->96"(*,"*=%,*%(*'%*50"F0"46"(*=6&F0#'^S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*j*R5#*%99%*&6-6''%*'0"*50&='*=0,&*9,#*=&0,$%&*?,d%99%*6996#(*6$%5S*|t}*R9'
%"(&%"(*46"'*9%*<6&5#-0"#69*4%*'6"]*D*#9'*$0#%"(*9%'*-0('*9%,&*)536==%&*k*[GSNSE*=S*1LÊ*96
`0#g*4d;->&%*50--%"(6"(*40"5*96*50"F&0"(6(#0"E*50--%*,"*)530*f*5%99%*?,#*4#(*96*9#'(%*4%
230"0"*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&S*K99%*4#(*6,''#*9%*O&6-%*4,*50,=9%E*9%*O&6-%*4%*9dl(&%E*9%
O&6-%*4%*96*-6(#.&%E*9%*O&6-%*4,*`%&>%*4d65(#0"*%(E*=0,&*F#"#&E*9%*(&.'*-,'#569*O&6-%*6,g
0#'%6,g*'%*(%&-#"6"(*=6&*j*9d30--%*>9l-#(*kE*53,(%*(%&&#>9%S*<0,&*9%*O&6-%*4,*()9)'=%5(6(%,&
40"(*9%*:0"30--%*4%*2%&&%*%(*96*Z%--%*8)-#"69%*'%->9%"(*9%'*$#5(#-%'*50"'%"(6"(%'E*#9
%'(*'#*>l(%*?,d#9*j*-)&#(%*-l-%*=6'*4dl(&%*)$0?,)*k*%(*9%*'#9%"5%*4%*96*`0#g*4d;->&%*%'(
)90?,%"(*f*5%(*)]6&4S
B0--%* =0,&* 9%* j* =0&(* 4%* B3%&>0,&]* |'d%"F96--6"(}* k* )$0?,)* =&)5)4%--%"(E* 5d%'(
96*4#46'569#%E*#5#*-6w(&%''%*f*>0&4E*?,#*4)5#4%&6*4,*9#%,*0o*9d0"*'%*(&0,$%E*9%*&)5%=(%,&*'%
$0/6"(*(0,(*f*50,=*=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(*()9)=0&()S*c*96*4#46'569#%*4)4#46'569#')%*=0,&&6*690&'
'%*F6#&%*6,''#*#-=)&#%,'%*?,%*96*F0&-,9%*4d,"*3/="0(#'%,&*50"$6#"56"(*[5%*?,d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
M0$6&#"6^*D*j*+6*'5."%*%'(*f*+6"]&%'S*K"*-l-%*(%-='*?,%*$0,'H-l-%S*+6*'5."%*%'(*f
+6"]&%'E*=6'*f*+6""%-%u6"*m*k*[;SRSE*=S*L@^S*7*96*',#(%*4%*9d6FF#&-6(#0"*j*<%&'0""%E*=6&-#
9%'*6$%,]9%'E*"d6*&),''#*f*=&0,$%&*9d%g#'(%"5%*4%*9d0>'5,&#()*=6&*9%*"0#&*k*[BSJSE*=S*WV@Ê*0"
F%&6*9%*"0#&*[5FS*j*K"*$0#5#*k^*%(*5%96*'d%FF%5(,%&6*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"%*4#46'569#%*(0,(*f*96*F0#'
>%99%*%(*0&#]#"69%E*j*M0#&S*M0#&S*M0#&S*M0#&S*kE*'%*4)(6536"(*4,*&%'(%*56&*=6]#")%*f*4&0#(%S*7,(&%
56'* 4%* F#],&%* D* 0"* (#%"(* 50-=(%* 4,* 50"(%g(%* 4%* 96* &%=&)'%"(6(#0"* [50--%* 7"4&)* I6&50"
'd#"(%&4#'6"(*4%*4#&%*j*Z%,*',&*(0#E*20,90,'%*k*6,*23)p(&%*P6&0""%^*%(*0"*6,&6*j*[40""%&
96*46(%*4,*C0,&^*k*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@@T^*%(*j*[+%*"0->&%*%g65(*4%'*'=%5(6(%,&'^*k
46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*@Q^S
7$0,0"'*"0(&%*#-=,#''6"5%*f*4)$%90==%&*46$6"(6]%*D*5%((%*?,%'(#0"E*50--%*5%99%*4,
'(6(,(*%g65(*4,*=%&'0""6]%*[%(*4%'*&6==0&('*?,d#9*%"(&%(#%"(E*0,*=6'E*6$%5*'0"*"0-^*"0,'
=6&6w(*(&0=*50-=9#?,)%*c*4d6,(&%'*?,%*"0,'*0"(*=0,&(6"(*',*96*(&6#(%&*q*%(*"0,'*&%"$%&&0"'
"0(6--%"(* f* 9d6&(#59%* 4%* G%6"HI6&#%* 230-6''%6,* #"(#(,9)* j* 7,* =#%4* 4%* 96* 9%((&%* 0,* 9%'
1X
* *
#"4#56(#0"'*53#%""#?,%'*4%*96*-/'6"5."%*k S
K&=(.'.$%>&%"&$%A+:%""%>?
+%'* ?,%'(#0"'* =0')%'* =6&* :0,50(* [$8* 7S`S^* =0,&&6#%"(* 9dl(&%* 46"'* 9%* 564&%* 4d,"* 5&,%9* C%,
()9)$#')*%(*[=&%,$%*"0,$%99%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*'%*&%''%&(*'0,$%"(*4d6"5#%"'*4#'=0'#(#F'Ê*0"*$0#(
7]".'*80,&4#990"*[69#6'*;9]6*I6&536->%6,^*'0,-#'%*46"'*4.'K*G8&^*f*,"*#"(%&&0]6(0#&%
4%*5%*(/=%*46"'*,"*50"(%g(%*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*-#9#(6#&%*%(*()9)$#',%9S*K"*])")&69E*#9*$6,(*-#%,g
&)=0"4&%* f* 96* ?,%'(#0"* "0$6&#"#%""%S* 8#"0"E* :0,50(E* 96* -6w(&%''%* %(* 9%'* 405(%,&'* j* "%
'0"(*=6'*50"(%"('*k*%(*5%96*>6&4%*=0,&*$0(&%*-6(&#5,9%*c*5d%'(*?,%E*?,0#?,%*=96#'6--%"(
=6&04#)%E*96*F#],&%*#"?,#)(6"(%*4,*8=3#"g*&%'(%*46"'*9%'*=6&6]%'S*+%*=%&'0""6]%*%'(*'0--)
4%*&)=0"4&%*%(*"%*'6,&6#(*'%*4)&0>%&S*+%*=&0>9.-%E*5d%'(*'0,$%"(*9%*'64#'-%*4%*5%9,#*?,#
=0'%*9%'*?,%'(#0"'*%(\0,*'0,-%(*9%'*536&64%'c*#9*F6,(*(&0,$%&*=6&*%g%-=9%*[OS7SE*=S*1TQ^*j*,"
53#FF&%*%"(&)*(0,(*C,'(%*%"(&%*'%=(*%(*3,#(*k*%(*j*96*9%((&%*5653)%*%"(&%*6*%(*>*kS
1X
* *G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,E*j*7,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%*0,*9%'*#"4#56(#0"'*53#%""#?,%'*4%*96*-/'6"5."%*kE*4&'L+IM7)&'(&'N.:G)&
P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*4%*96*=6]%*1Q*f*96*=6]%*QXS
TT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
O,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4,*&)5%=(%,&E*5%*=%,(*5%=%"46"(*l(&%*,"*C%,*?,%*4d%''6/%&*4%*&)=0"4&%
(0,(*4%*-l-%*D*j*I0"*=&%-#%&*%'(*,"*F&,#(*u0090]#?,%E*-0"*'%50"4*%'(*,"%*=0,'')%*53%u
9%*53#%"E*-0"*(0,(*%'(*96*=6&(#%*?,#*-6"?,%*f*(0"*C%,S*k*[OS7SE*=S*1TQ^S*8#]"690"'*%"50&%*5%
aSBSIS*(3)090]#50-#?,%*4%*96*=6]%*@TL*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A',*j*O#%,*%'(*%"*]9.>%E
'#]")*'6*-.&%*c*O#%,*%'(*6"]96#'E*'#]")*N05&0/*c*O#%,*"0,'*%"]90>%E*'#]")*O,"90=*c*O#%,
%'(*%"*4%,g*'#]")*5d%'(*-0#S*<6''6"(E*"%*=6''%*=6'*D*6,5,"%*4%*5%'*4)596&6(#0"'*%'(*F6,''%
'6,F*,"%*96?,%99%Sk
O%* -l-%E* 9%'* F6>9%'* "0$6&#"#%""%'* #"'=#&)%'* =6&* +6* Z0"(6#"%* "0,'* '0"(* '0,$%"(
40"")%'*j*'6"'*96*-0&69%*?,#*$6*6$%5*k*q*-6#'*96*(&0,$%&*D*e530'%*#-=0''#>d*me*=0,&&6#(H0"*4#&%
%"*#-#(6"(*96*4#5(#0"*4d7"4&)*I6&50"*[5FS*%"&%]#'(&%-%"(*4%*4538"#$I7#(&^S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S
WUÊ*0"*6*%"50&%*9%*56'*4d,"%*?,%'(#0"*6>',&4%*%(*>#u6&&%-%"(*F0&-,9)%*D*j*O%*5%'*?,6(&%
F9%,$%'E*9%?,%9*4%'*5#"?*'%*C%((%*46"'*96*I)4#(%&&6")%*D*96*+0#&%E*+dK'56,(E*9dK,=3&6(%*h*kS
K"F#"E*f*96*?,%'(#0"*=0')%*=6&*9%*2&0#'#.-%*80'#%*[+SBSE*=S*@UTÊ*f*'6$0#&*j*B3%&53%&*,"%
&#-%*f*D*j*O6"'*96*-6(#.&%*4d,"*B3&#'(*#&&64#6"(*%(*=9,'*$&6#S*kE*"0,'*&)=0"4&0"'*'6"'*3)'#(%&
j*,(H&)*k*q*&)=0"'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*'d#9*%"*%'(*[56&*5%((%*%g=&%''#0"*%'(*4%*9,#E*?,#*"0,'*)$0?,%
,"%*"0(%*)(&6"]%^S*7,*F0"4E*96*'0=3#'(#56(#0"*=6(6=3/'#?,%*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*)"#]-%'*&6==%99%
,"*=%,*9%'*3699,5#"6"('*-0('*5&0#')'*4%*<%&%5*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%*50&&%'=0"46"5%
6$%5*9d6,(%,&*4%*_t
K&=+"."+*:>?&.--)Q%.:<%>&%"&/.'*$+%>
Y%-&B*01%-&i&Y%-&B*01%-&i
<9,'*%"50&%*?,%*a,%"%6,*[46"'*W8'+9??&'"#$'(9)7*%(*4.'N$&'?9(&'(5&?%:9$*"0(6--%"(Ê
<%&%5E* (&,FF6#(* '%'* )5&#('* 4%* 5#(6(#0"'* %(* 4d699,'#0"'* 9#(()&6#&%'* D* 5d%'(* %"50&%* ,"* C%,* 6$%5
9%* &)5%=(%,&* ?,#* =%,(* %''6/%&* 4%* 9%'* &%=)&%&* c* "0(&%* -6#]&%* 5,9(,&%* [',&(0,(* =6&* &6==0&(
f* 5%99%* 4%* <%&%5^* "0,'* &%"4* #"56=6>9%* 4d%"* $0#&* >%6,50,=* [j* +%* :6>#9* 4%'* 596''%* 4%'
46"]%&%,'%'*k*"0,'*6$6#(*=6&*%g%-=9%*)536==)^*-6#'*%"*$0#5#*(0,(*4%*-l-%*?,%9?,%'H
,"%'*D*9%'*-69)4#5(#0"*4*d7-0'*'0"(*596#&%-%"(*(&6"'=0')%'*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[%(*"0,'
/*F%&0"'*&%(0,&^S*K]69%-%"(*9#)*f*96*:#>9%E*9%*F6-%,g*$%&'*4dJ,]0E*j*+dr#9*)(6#(*46"'*96*(0->%
%(* &%]6&46#(* B6{"* k* '%* &%(&0,$%* ,"* =%,* 46"'* j* 9d0"4%* )(6#(* ',&* 96* (%&&%* |t}* %(* 9%* '#9%"5%
]#'6#(*k*[OS7SE*=S*11L^*-6#'*9d%g%-=9%*%'(*=9,'*4#'5,(6>9%S
+%* j* a,%* '0"(* -%'* 6-#'* 4%$%",'* h* k* 4%* N,(%>%,F* %'(* &%"4,* =9,'* =&)5#'* =6&* 9%
<&0-%"%,&* 4d30--%* [GS8SE* =S* @LQ^* ?,#* "0--%* 9%'* '#%"'* [,"* =%,* 50--%* `#990"* 5#(6"(* 9%
"0-*4%'*j*:%99%'*4,*(%-='*C64#'*k*46"'*,"%*5)9.>&%*<.::.(&^*D*j*;o*'0"(*B0&4#%&E*B6-=#"E
B&,5#0"E* B36&=#"E* O%&%->9%E* I0"#?,%* `#(69E* `#$#6"%* Z90&%(E* O6"#.9%* 8/9$%'(&%E* +0,#'%
I6&,96* h* kS* j* <6''%"(* 9%'* C0,&'* %(* =6''%"(* 9%'* '%-6#"%'* k* F,(* 96* $6&#6(#0"* ?,d7=099#"6#&%
=&0=0'6*',&*5%*(3.-%*%(*j*Z6''%*F9%,&#&*-6#E*4)=)&#&*C,#"E*'0->&%&*C,#99%(E*-6&'*F6''%*C6#99#&E
6$&#9*F6"%&E*%(*C,#"*4)50->&%'*k*%'(*5%99%E*6>',&4%*%(*5056''%E*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[GS8SE*=S
@LQ^S
+6*')&#%*4d#"F#"#(#F'*j*I6"]%&E*-6&53%&E*=6&9%&*(0,C0,&'*k*[BSJSE*=S*QAU^*F6#(*,"*=%,*)530
6,*4)>,(*4,*-0"090],%*4dJ6-9%(*[j*I0,&#&t*O0&-#&E*40&-#&*m*&l$%&*=%,(Hl(&%*k^*%(*,"*6,(&%
-0"'(&%*'65&)*4,*(3)p(&%*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*50"$0?,)*f*(&6$%&'*9%'*j*]6]%'*k*4%*8]6"6&%99%
?,#*F%&0"(*'0,$%"(%'*F0#'*&%(0,&E*"0(6--%"(*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*-6#'*6,''#*46"'*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&E*f*(&6$%&'*j*+%'*>6],%'*m*+%'*>6],%'*m*k*[==S*@QQH@QWH@QXH@QT^*c*4%*-l-%E*=6&
,"*&%(0,&"%-%"(*6-,'6"(*%(*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"E*9%*j*I)4%5#"*-69]&)*9,#*k*4%$#%"4&6*9%*j*I0&(H
I69]&)H9,#*k*f*96*=6]%*W@X*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&S
TU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
+%*-0"090],%*4%*23)04&#99%*[;SRSE*==S*UUHUL^*F6#'6"(*96*536"'0"*%(*'%*96*536"(6"(*f*9,#H
-l-%*[,"%*4#46'569#%*#"4#?,%*j*2JK;ONR++KE*'%,9*k*%(*#9*/*6*4%'*=3&6'%'*50--%*j+f*C%
$0,'*6&&l(%*kE*j*;"*"%*-%*96*F6#(*=6'*k^*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*5%9,#*4dJ6&=6]0"*[%(*5%9,#*4%*80'#%
46"'*6?%+S7)$98Ê*9%*>,(*"d)(6"(*=6'*96*56''%((%*-6#'*96*j*90#*]&6--6(#569%*4%*9d6==6&#(#0"
3,-6#"%*k*H*5%96*4#(*%(*0,(&%*?,%*4%*96*j*>,)%*k*%-=l53%*4%*$0#&E*0"*'%*4%-6"4%&6*'#*9%*C%,
%"*$6,(*96*536"4%99%*[=S*UL^S*J6&=6]0"*%'(*%"50&%*9f*46"'*j*N%"4%uH-0#*-0"*6&]%"(*k*[8SE*=S
WL^*%(*46"'*j*N%"4%uH-0#*$0(&%*6&]%"(*k*[;SNSE*=S*VXÊ*4%-6"4%*?,d0"*6,&6#(*>#%"*$,%*46"'
96*>0,53%*4%*:0,50(S*O%*-6"#.&%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*5&/=()%E*0"*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&%(&0,$%&
j*K9$#&%*k*%(*j*7&"09=3%*k*46"'*,"*"0-*>#u6&&%*50--%*j*K90-#&%*:6&"0=39%*kS
1T
* *
K"F#"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*&6==&053%&E*50--%*9%*',]].&%*;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u E*j*+%*<6,$&%*k
4%*4.'K*G8&*4%*5%9,#*?,%*9d0"*$0#(*46"'*9%*@9?'F#.8*4%*I09#.&%*q*46"'*9%'*O05(,''%'E*#9*/
6*6,''#*,"*j*O05(%,&*856=#"*k*6,*"0-*=%,*%"]6]%6"(*56&*)$0?,6"(*96*F6&5%*%(\0,*9%*'6=#"S
K"F#"E*4&'H.:.(&'$?.0$8.$)&*[0"*'6#(*?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*9d64C%5(#F*'d6==9#?,%*f*9d;=)&%((%^
%'(*)$0?,)*f*96*=6]%*@@@4%*4#?$G)&/*(#**9)%/S
O6"'* j* a,#* '0"(* 5%'* -%5(0"'* ?,#* 'd0-"09%"(* 46"'* 9d5#-%(0"* h* k* [+SISE* =S* XAAÊ* 0"
=0,&&6#(*%'(#-%&*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*9%*F6-%,g*j*<0,&*?,#*'0"(*5%'*'%&=%"('*?,#*'#FF9%"(
',&*"0'*(l(%'*h*kE*5%'*'%&=%"('*'%*(&6"'F0&-6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*j*-0,53%'*k*?,#*j*F0"(*4,
F0#"*46"'*"0'*=%"')%'*k*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[=S*W11^S*a,6"(*6,g*8(6"5%'*4,*B#4E
%99%'*4%$#%""%"(*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@XV^*9%'*j*8(6"5%'*4%'*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*`0#5#*kE
-6"#.&%*'6"'*40,(%*#&0"#?,%*4%*?,69#F#%&*9%'*"0,$%99%'*4,*C0,&"69*()9)$#')*(6"(*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%
5%'*'(6"5%'H9f*"d0"(*&#%"*f*$0#&E*"#*46"'*96*F0&-%*%(*"#*46"'*9%*F0"4E*6$%5*5%99%'E*)=#?,%'*%(
=0)(#?,%'E*?,d#-6]#"6*B0&"%#99%S
O%*F6b0"*=9,'*])")&69%*%(*=0,&*&%=6&9%&*4%'*'%&=%"('E*9%*50,&'*(%&&#>9%*4,*`#=)&#5#%"
[GS8SE* ==S* @X@H@X1^* 'd%FF%5(,%* 46"'* ,"* '(/9%* 4%'5&#=(#F* ?,#* "d%'(* =6'* &6==%9%&* :,FF0"* -6#'
5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*%-=&,"(*f*,"%*6,(&%*r,$&%*?,#*"0,'*%'(*#"50"",%*["0,'*"d%"*'%&#0"'*=6'
)(0"")'^*c*%"*&%$6"53%E*96*=3&6'%*jB0--%"(*=%,(H0"*%'=)&%&*'%&&%&*46"'*'%'*>&6'*,"*'65
4d%g5&)-%"('*h*k*[=S*@XA^*%'(*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*,"*%-=&,"(*4#&%5(*f*G%6"H<6,9*86&(&%*?,#E*46"'
4&'@$.=:&'&7':&'<98'@$&#*6*)5&#(*%g65(%-%"(*96*-l-%S
,P%/"$15%.&$*&:2)#01%&%(&$%&0*$#:2/
R9*F6,(*)]69%-%"(*$0#&*,"*59#"*4dr#9*f*+6*Z0"(6#"%E*6,*4$G;)&'&7'\':.'L9)7#&*46"'*j*&#%"*"%
'%&(*4%*=%"'%&*f*6,(&,#*=,#'?,%*C%*',#'*=%&4,*k*[BSJSE*=S*1VX^*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%
699,'#0"*6,*F6>,9#'(%E*?,%*"0(&%*4&6-6(,&]%*'%->9%*64-#&%&*>%6,50,=*%(*?,d#9*5#(%*'0,$%"(E
"0(6--%"(*46"'*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/*D*j*+%*=&%-#%&*?,#*$#(*,"*536-%6,*'d%"F,#(*f*5%(*0>C%(
"0,$%6,*kE*=3&6'%*(#&)%*4%*96*F6>9%*#"(#(,9)%*4&'()9?.(.$)&'&7':&/'=M798/'E:977.87/S
O.'* 4567&:$&)' ;9:.87' [5FS* j* Z&.&%'* 536('E* %g(%&-#"0"'* 9%'* &6('* k* \* k* Z&.&%'* &6('E
&6''%->90"'H"0,'*50"(&%*9%'*536('*kÊ*#9*/*6$6#(*4)Cf*9d)$056(#0"*4d,"%*],%&&%*6"#-69#.&%*?,%
+6*Z0"(6#"%*6,&6#(*=,*-%((&%*%"*'5."%E*9%*j*B36(*]&#-)*'6"'*&6#'0"*k*?,#*"d%'(*j*=6'*4,
]&0,=%*k*)$0?,6"(*=9,(s(*<%&&6,9(*[7S`SE*=S*@X1^S*O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%'*&6('*F%&0"(
&%(0,&*[=S*@X@^*-6#'*5%*'%&0"(E*=9,'*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*4%'*j*&6('*5&0#')'E*&%=&04,#('*=6&*9%'
&0"]%,&'*%(*9%'*-0,%((%'E*4%'*&6('*-,%('E*4%*:6&>6&#%E*4%'*6==%96"('*?,d0"*6==%96#(*4%'
&6%96"4'*kE*9%'*]0)96"4'*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"S
7#99%,&'*[$8*+SISÊ*4&/'.8$?.#A'?.:.(&/'(&':.'%&/7&*4%$#%""%"(*9%'*j*6&&#$6,g*>69964%'
4%*96*=#'(%*k*%(*M0$6&#"6*',]].&%*-l-%*4%'*(#(&%'*4%*F6>9%'*"%*4%$6"(*=6'*]&6"4*530'%*f
1T
**;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%uE*j*<0&(&6#(*4%*9d65(%,&*%"*=%&'0""6]%'*D*9d65(%,&*%(*'%'*-6'?,%'*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*4.
=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*ix_*)4#(%,&*[5099%5(#0"*j*405,-%"('Ê*I0"(&)69*[a,)>%5Ê*1AAXE*=S*T@S
TL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
+6*Z0"(6#"%*50--%*j*+d6"(&0=0=#(3.?,%*%(*9%*=#(3)56"(3&0=%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@XLÊ*j*+6*-0,53%
%(*9%*&0#*k*[;SNSE*=S*@WWÊ*j*+6*F6>9%*4,*(&#6"]9%*'6"'*5s()*k*[8SE*=S*@XT^*0,*j*+d%"59,-%E
96*=#&0],%*%(*9%*]690=#"*k*[;SNSE*=S*@VU^S*7=&.'*G0/5%*[#"*D$88&0.8/'_.Z&Ê*#9*%"*#-6]#"%
-l-%*,"%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9d%'=65%*%(*9%*(%-='*[6$%5*%"*],%'(H'(6&'*9%*96"]6]%*%(*9%*'#9%"5%Ê
5365,"*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*4)596&6"(*"d6$0#&*6,5,"%*',#(%*46"'*9%'*#4)%'*D
Las de s’étendre, l’espace un jour fit le point sur lui-même ; le temps, alerté, lui
dit : « Sommes-nous cloués en vice-versa ? » L’espace furieux lança : « Ouinon-oui ! » Le langage survint et leur dit : « le temps n’a que trop duré. » Mais le
silence surgit et ils se turent. doubla. « Ni l’un ni l’autre n’avons de suite dans les
idées », lancèrent ses huit interlocuteurs (O.R., p. 176).
:&%FE*96*'(&,5(,&%*])")&69%*%'(*&%50"4,#(%*[-l-%*'#*9%*5s()*(&.'*&6-6'')*&6==%99%*=9,'*K'0=%
?,%* +6* Z0"(6#"%^* -6#'* 9%* (3.-%* %(* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'* '0"(* 6''%u* #"36>#(,%9'S* 7,g* =6]%'
@WTH@WU*4%*4.'K*G8&E*#9*/*6,''#*4%'*#"5#=#(*4%*F6>9%'*[%(*4%*=6&6>09%'^*%"53p'')'*$0#&%*-#'
%"*6>w-%*%(*&)65(,69#')'*c*9d0"*/*=6''%*%"*%FF%(*[=9,'*0,*-0#"'*6&>#(&6#&%-%"(^*4%*j*O%,g
0,$&#%&'*'%*4#'=,(6#%"(*,"*]&6#"*4%*-0,(6&4%*k*f*j*!"*=.&%*6$6#(*3,#(*F#9'E*40"(*9%*5#"?,#.-%
&%"(&6#(*(6&4*f*9d)(6>9%*k*[#"5#=#(*9#)*6,*=&)5)4%"(*=6&*j*9d,"*4d%,g*9%$6*9%'*>&6'*%(*4#(*D*k^*=,#'
f*j*O%,g*-6b0"'*"d6$6#%"(*?,d,"%*>&#?,%*k*[#"5#=#(*9#)*6,*=&)5)4%"(*=6&*j*9%*?,6(&#.-%*9%
$0/6"(*F6#&%*'d%"*)(0""6*%(*9,#*4#(*D*k^*=0,&*=6''%&*f*j*!"*]6&6]#'(%*&)=6&6#(*9%'*6,(0'*4%
(0,(%'*9%'*-6&?,%'*k*c*'d%"',#$%"(*,"%*=&0>6>9%*699,'#0"*f*96*F6>9%*4%*<%&&%((%*6$%5E*j*|6,}
>0&4*4d,"*=,#('*kE*5%((%*j*F%--%*4%*96*$#99%*$0#'#"%k*?,#*j*|=0&(%}*4%*9d%6,*k*f*,"*F0,*?,#
j*'d64&%''%*f*,"%*F%"l(&%*k*[%(*?,#*j*"d%"*>,(*=6'*k^*%(E*%"*],#'%*4%*=0#"(%E*,"%*F6>9%H%g=&%''
f*96*B6-#*0,*f*96*8(%&">%&]*4#'6"(*j*!"*-0&(E*f*?,#*9%*-0"4%*6==6&6#''6#(*50--%*(%9E*'%
&%9%$6*D*(0,'*9%*5&,&%"(*-6#'*5%*"d)(6#(*?,d,"*F6,gH'%->96"(*kS
+6*Z0"(6#"%*%'(*f*"0,$%6,*50"$0?,)*0,*=9,(s(*#"$0?,)*',&*96*'5."%*4%*456*7&'$8*988#
f*(&6$%&'*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*3s(%*4%*5%'*>0#'*k*[=S*VU^S*7*96*=6]%*@XQ*[5FS*j*!"*&%"6&4*=)")(&6*kE
%(5SÊ*0"*&%$#'#(%*,"*]&6"4*596''#?,%*q*f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"%*$6&#6(#0"*',&*4&')&8.)(
&7':&'=#/7&*D*%"*(0,'*56'E*96*-)(6=30&%*4,*=9,-6]%*'%&6*&%50"4,#(%*3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*f*96
=6]%*WT*D*j*B36?,%*F0#'*?,%*Cd%"(%"4'*'0"*=9,-6]%E*#9*-%*536&-%*=6&*'0"*=9,-6]%S*R9*-%
536&-%*=6&*'0"*=9,-6]%*'6,F*?,%*'0"*96"]6]%*-d6]65%*6''%u*$#(%*kS*a,6"(*f*96*$090"()
4%*j*|$0#&}*(0,(*6,*(&6$%&'*4,*-6'?,%*6"#-69*k*[7SRSE*=S*@@TÊ*%99%*%'(*6,''#*=6&F0#'*5%99%*4%
`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
<0,&*50"(#",%&*5%*=%(#(*',&$09*4%*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%*%(*6$6"(*4d%"*=6''%&
.-%
.-%
6,*iRi
*%(*ii
E*"0(0"'*%"50&%*,"%*=0''#>9%*699,'#0""%((%*f*I6&#$6,g*[0,*4d6#99%,&'*f
856&&0"^*46"'*96*-%"(#0"*&6=#4%*4d,"%*j*=&)56,(#0"*#",(#9%*k*[8SE*=S*XU^*%(*,"%*6,(&%*f*864%
j*|$#$6"(}*56=(#F*k\*j*O6"'*86#"(%*<)96]#%*k*%(*/*4)=&#-6"(*D*j*20,(*-d%'(*n#FHn#F*k*[8SE*=S*QU^S
[&&j#2-&-*0%&5#/&:*/")E*-&i&\
7* =6&(#&* 4%* j* ;* 86#'0"'E* s* 53p(%6,g* k* [#"* D.$?^* %(* 6=&.'* I6"53%((%* [J' ($809/' e' J
*+M7&.#A*mÊ*M0$6&#"6*#-6]#"%*j*;*'6#'0"'*m*;*=96"(6(#0"'*m*k*[OS`SE*=S*1XV^*%(*j*;*-6#'0"'E
s* (0""%6,g* m* k* [8S* c* =S* QUÊ* %FF%(* 4%* &%40,>9%-%"(* '%* &%(&0,$6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* =%,* 46"'
j*73E*F0,#99%'*m*73E*4&0-64)%'*k*[+SISE*=S*WXTÊ*j*73E*k*&%-=96b6"(*9%*j*B0->#%"*4%*k*40"(
'd)(6#(*'%&$#*J,]0*46"'*j*B0->#%"*4%*-6&#"'*kE*%(5S*O6"'*'0"*,(#9#'6(#0"*=6&(#5,9#.&%*[5FS
'6"'*j*4%*kÊ*96*F0&-,9%*j*&%(0,&*4%*-#''#0"*k*[7SRSE*=S*LU^*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9%*&#->694#%"
j*&%(0,&*4%'*=6/'*536,4'*kS*j*B0,&6]%E*-6*=%,&*k*[;SRSE*=S*TX^*&6==%99%*$6],%-%"(*j*80#'
'6]%E*s*-6*40,9%,&*k*[=3&6'%*)]69%-%"(*=6&04#)%*=6&*O%'=&0]%'^*c*$(&?*=0,&*j*80#'*'6]%
-0"*=6"5&)6'* mkE*j*26#'%uH$0,'*-6*$090"()*m* k* %(* j* K'(0-65* 4%'* -#%"'E* =%"'%u* =9,'*f
TV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
&#%"*m*k*[GSNSE*=S*QUÊ*6$%5*%"*=&#-%*9d)$%"(,69#()*"0$6&#"#%""%*4d,"%*&)=0"'%*4%'*0&]6"%'*D
j*a,#*&)=0"4*h*+%*=0,-0"*h*|t}*+%*=0,-0"*$0,'*9d6H(H#9*4#(*h*kS
+%*(3)p(&%*&,''%*%'(*596#&%-%"(*=6&04#)*6,g*=6]%'*UQHUW*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*D
Yvon Dionitrisérovitch Piotr, redites-nous ce que sous-entendait, dans la scène
précédente Laboriénovna Larioussev ? S’il vous plaît, ne répondez pas à sa
place, Pavlovléna Tubolévitchova… Le colonel est-il arrivé ? mais voici ce vieux
Boubachkhine ! mon Dieu, il a encore bu : Lopotkine, revenez à vous Lopotkine !
a,6"(* f* j* B0""6#'H(,* 9%* =6/'* 0o* F9%,&#(* 9%* 5#(&0"* h* kE* 5d%'(* ,"* %-=&,"(* f* P0,"04E* 9%
j*8530"6&4*k*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*)$0?,6"(*=9,(s(*4.'<9+G?&*4%*<,55#"#S*j*G%*"%*&%]&%((%
&#%"* 4%* -6* =&#'0"* 4d6&]#9%* m* \* Z,/6"(* 9d3,-6"#()E* C%* $6#'* '#-=9%* %(* (&6"?,#99%* k* [$8* BSJS^c
&6==%99%*F,&#%,'%-%"(*9%*j*569-%*0&=3%9#"*k*F,/6"(*9%'*$#99%'*[5FS*V./%.)('R.#/&)^*)$0?,)
=6&*`%&96#"%*[$8*K.0&//&^S
<6&*96*90"],%,&*%g(&l-%*4%*96*=3&6'%*%"*?,%'(#0"E*9%*5s()*#"(&0'=%5(#FE*9d,(#9#'6(#0"*?,#
%'(* F6#(%* 4%'* $#&],9%'E* 4%'* &%96(#$%'* %(* 4%* 9d#-=6&F6#(* 4,* ',>C0"5(#FE* 0"* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* [-6#'
"%* 9d6FF#&-0"'* =6'^* 6,g* =6]%'* Q1THQ1UHQ1L* 4%* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* 4%$6"(* ,"%* '0&(%
4d30--6]%*0,*=9,(s(*4%*59#"*4dr#9*f*I6&5%9*<&0,'(*-l-%*'#*5%*4%&"#%&*"d6,&6#(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(
96#'')*=6''%&*4%'*F0&-%'*50--%*j*'%*(6#',.&%"(*k*0,*j*"d%"*"#4#''%*k*[9d#"#(#6(#$%*F6#'6"(
%"50&%*=%"'%&*f*4%'*0,$&6]%'*4%*<#"]%(*%(*4%*<&#]%"(^S*O%$6"(*,"*"0-*50--%*+0,#'*4%
`#6"4%*`#4%*[8SE*@VÊ*0"*=%,(*6$0#&*,"*F96'3*"%&$69#%"\-6996&-)%"*D*j*+6*$#6"4%*%'(*$#4%E
3)96't*kS*O6"'*j*7{%*f*-%'*>&6"53%'E*-69*f*-%'*m*k*[IS*7SE*"0,$%99%*)4SE*=S*QLÊ*5d%'(
=&%'?,%*I6996&-)*[%(*,"*=%,*I69%>&6"53%^*?,%*9d0"*%"(%"4*q*I6996&-)*%'(*4d6#99%,&'*5#()
46"'*4&';).$'/.80*[=S*1U^*f*(&6$%&'*,"%*=3&6'%*(#&)%*4d,"%*9%((&%*f*'0"*6-#*+%F)>,&%*[-6#
@LTU^*D*j*+6*4%'(&,5(#0"*F,(*-6*:)p(&#5%*kS
+d04%,&*4%*j*&)')46*k*)-6"6"(*4,*j*4%''0,'*4d(%'*>&6'*k*[;SRSE*=S*@1@^*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
,"%*=6&04#%*4d7&6]0"*536"(6"(*9%'*-#99%*6==6'*4dK9'6*%(*9d6=30&#'-%*',&&)69#'(%*j*+6*",#(
"d%'(*=6'*=9,'*"0#&%*?,%*9%*F0"4*4%*5%((%*=0#&%*k*[8SE*=S*TL^*&%''%->9%*f*,"%*$6&#6(#0"*f*=6&(#&
4%*96*F6-%,'%*=3&6'%*4dK9,6&4*q*j*+6*(%&&%*%'(*"0#&%*50--%*,"%*=0#&%*k*=0,$6"(*F0"5(#0""%&
6,''#S*O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87'[=S*QAÊ*#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*[56&*5d%'(*%"50&%*-0#"'*)$#4%"(^*50--%
,"%*=6&04#%*4%*86#"(HG03"*<%&'%*536"(6"(*9%'*-#99%*-/'(.&%'*4%*96*j*I%&*%"*"0,'*(#'')%E
C,'?,df*'%'*&0"5%&6#%'*4d6>w-%*k*[%(*j*%"*"0,'*(#''6"(*k*'%'*j*=#'(%'*4%*()".>&%'*k^*D*j*2&.'
>%99%*"0/%,'%S*+f*%"*F65%E*&#%"*f*F6#&%E*0"*"%*=%,(*4#&%*?,%*50,#5*k*q*=9,'*90#"E*0"*'d%g596-%
j*`#$%*96*"6,(#?,%*k*[=S*QXÊ*5%*?,#*'%*4)-6&?,%*%"50&%*4%'*%"$09)%'*4d6?&)/S
a,6"(*f*j*G%*$0,4&6#'*?,%*-6*=%"')%*-%*'%&$%*#5#*f*()-0#]"%&*4%*-0"*#"56=65#()
-%"(69%* k* [7SRSE* =S* @WVÊ* 96* =3&6'%* =0,&&6#(* F#],&%&* 46"'* ,"* 9#$&%* 4d7&(6,4* q*$(&?* =0,&* 96
-)(6=30&%*[h^*4,*j*5%&$%6,*%-=l53)*4%*=%"'%&*kS*K"F#"E*5%&(6#"%'*$0#g*"0,'*=6&6#''%"(
6''%u* >%5n%((#%""%'* ["0,'* /* &%$#%"4&0"'^* %(* 4d6,(&%'E* 6''%u* -#53694#%""%'* q* j* 96* -0&(
&%-,%*k*[$8*4&*Q&%./E*=S*@AQÊ*=6&*%g%-=9%E*=%,(*F6#&%*=%"'%&*6,*(#(&%*4.'8#$7')&?#&*q*?,6"(
6,g*699,'#0"'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*4#&%5(%'*f*4%'*=3#90'0=3%'*[O#0]."%E*</&&30"E*8=#"0u6E*I6&gE
%(5SÊ*"0,'*9%'*)$0?,%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4S
R9*/*6,&6*4%'*699,'#0"'*=9,'*=0=,96#&%'*D*;,$&6&4*%'(E*0"*9d6*$,E*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*=6&04#)
-6#'E*0"*9%*$%&&6E*+%50"(%*4%*+dR'9%*6,''#*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*:&#]#((%*Z0"(6#"%E*7u"6$0,&
%(*G65?,%'*O,(&0"5*$0#&%*<#6F*46"'*96*-%"(#0"*j*!"*'0,=#&*',&*'6*>0,53%*k*[7SRS*=S*@U^*%(
B96,4%*Z&6"b0#'*46"'*j*`0#5#*-6*&%46"'%*4%*C0#%*m*799%u*9%'*-6&(%6,g*m*k*[7SRSE*=S*T@^S*O6"'
4.'K*G8&*[=S*Q1Ê*0"*"%*=0,&&6*'d%-=l53%&*4%*=%"'%&*f*,"*G03""/*'%*-%((6"(*(0,(*f*50,=*f
=3#90'0=3%&*4%$6"(*9%*j*73*?,%*C%*-d)(0""%*4dl(&%*m*k*(%9*?,%*=&0"0"5)*=6&*<6'569*;-30$.&%E
69#6'*Z6"(053%*+0&&6#"*q*?,6"(*f*j*73*?,%*C%*59,''%*k*[#"*7SRSÊ*5d%'(*,"%*"0,$%99%*699,'#0"
[M0$6&#"6* 9,#H-l-%* #-#(6* 9d#409%* 4%'* C%,"%'* f* 9d0556'#0"* 4d,"%* )-#''#0"* &64#0=30"#?,%^S
UA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
K"F#"E*46"'*'6*-6"#.&%*4%*=&0"0"5%&*[46"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*f*96*=6]%*VA^*9%*j*53%-#"*4%*96
&0,(%*kE*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"*'%->9%*#-#(%&*Z&6"5#'*B6>&%9*[0"*"0(%*%"50&%*,"*6C0,(*%"*F0&-%
4d699,'#0"*6,*]&0,=%*(0,90,'6#"*_%>46*f*9d0556'#0"*4d,"*=6''6]%*46"'*96*`#99%*N0'%^S
O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#* [4%&"#.&%* =#.5%* 50"'#4)&)%* 46"'* 5%((%* )(,4%^* %(* =0,&* %"
(%&-#"%&* 6$%5* 5%((%* '0,'H=6&(#%E* 5%96* F0,&-#99%&6* 9#(()&69%-%"(* 4d699,'#0"'* %(* 4%* 5#(6(#0"'* D
836n%'=%6&%E*I09#.&%E*+6*Z0"(6#"%E*ˆ9%#'(E*:&%53(E*‚6]"%&*%(*9%*j*=&)'#4%"(*N%")*B36&*k*[=S
@AA^*D*0"*=%,(*9%*4#&%*D*#9*'0"(*(0,'*9f*q*%(*#9*/*6*-l-%*,"%*C0#%*f*9%*-0"(&%&E*f*9d6'',-%&
=9%#"%-%"(*%(*f*"0,'*'#]"#F#%&E*=0,&*=6&04#%&*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*?,df*=&)'%"(*5d%'(*:#>#
?,#*'d/*5099%*%"*=&%"6"(*9%*&%96#'*4%*'%'*#99,'(&%'*6w")'*c*530'%*=&0-#'%E*530'%*4,%*D*j*#9*9%
F6#(*k*=0,&&6#(H0"*6C0,(%&*%"*,(#9#'6"(*96*=9,'*F&)?,%"(%*4%*'%'*F0&-,96(#0"'*4#46'569#?,%'S
R9*6$6#(*4d6#99%,&'*=&)=6&)*9%*(%&&6#"*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'0oE*6,g*=6]%'*UVHLX*[9%
=6''6]%*&%''%->96"(*f*,"*90]0H&699/%*6==9#?,)*f*4%'*"0-'*4%*=%&'0""6]%'*50--%*j*9%
&0#*N#536&4*kE*j*7&9%?,#"*k*%(*j*7&]6'(%*k*%(*f*4%'*9#%,g*50--%*j*I0'50,*kE*j*2$%&'n*kE
j*+6"]&%'*kE*'6"'*0,>9#%&*96*j*=%(#(%*]6&%*4%*:%&50,&(H7-F&%$#99%*kÊ*#9*-)96"]%6#(*699.]&%-%"(
9%'*)=0?,%'*%"*=6''6"(*%"*&%$,%*(0,'*9%'*'(/9%'*4%*(3)p(&%*[?,d#9*'d6]#''%*4%*9d6&9%?,#"64%E
4,*4&6-%*'36n%'=%6&#%"E*4,*(3)p(&%*&,''%E*4,*$6,4%$#99%E*4%*96*50-)4#%*4%*-r,&'E*4%*96
=#.5%*f*?,#=&0?,0E*4,*4&6-%*4%*96*')=6&6(#0"*%(*4,*4#690],%*4%*'0,&4'^*%(*%"*&%$#'#(6"(
f*'6*-6"#.&%*4%'*=&05)4)'*(/=#?,%-%"(*(3)p(&6,gE*"0(6--%"(*9d6=6&()*D*j*[<&%"0"'H9%*4%
&%$%&'*m^*kE*j*[+6#''0"'H9%'*F6#&%^*kE*j*[;3*?,%*$0#9f*,"*30--%*'#"],9#%&*m^kE*[j*<0,''0"'H96
46"'*'%'*&%(&6"53%-%"('*m*kÊ*[j*Z%#]"0"'*96*',&=&#'%*D*4)(0,&"0"'*'0"*6((%"(#0"*D*"0"*"0"*D
4)"0--0"'*=9,(s(*'0"*5646$&%*m*kÊ*[j*+6#''0"'*'d%"F%&-%&*46"'*'%'*50"(&64#5(#0"'S^*kE*j*[R9
'd%"F0"5%^*kE*j*[#9*%'(*f*>0,(^*kE*%(5S
OKUKUK&d2-:#-2(24-&*5#1)%1Q
K&L.&-+>"%&<*MM%&"%:"."+A%&$W)/#+>%M%:"
j*O6"'*5%*(3)p(&%*=6&%#9HfH&#%"*kE*9%'*j*C%,g*$%&>6,g*|t}*&%=0'%"(*',&*4%'*&.]9%'*4%*C%,
1U
4d,"%*%g(&l-%*&#],%,&*k*D*5d%'(*5%*?,%*4#(*P,/*B90,(#%&*46"'*j*+%*4)$%&'%,&*4%*&)-#''#0"*k D
4%* F6#(E* 9d#"$%"(#0"* $%&>69%* %'(* %"564&)%E* 56"69#'))* =6&* 4%'* =&05)4,&%'* &#]0,&%,'%'E* 9%
4#'=0'#(#F*9%*=9,'*F65#9%-%"(*&%=.&6>9%*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*96*9#'(%S*;&E*0"*9%*'6#(E*5d%'(*,"*=&05)4)
(/=#?,%-%"(*0,9#=#%"*?,%*<%&%5*,(#9#'6*'0,$%"(*[F&'?&'/9#;$&8/E*C/%G*&/'(5&/%.*&E*%(5S^*%(
0"*=%,(*%'(#-%&*?,%*9%'*9#'(%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*'0"(*)]69%-%"(*4%'*(%"(6(#$%'*[53%u*9,#*50-#?,%'^
4d)=,#'%-%"(*q*9d)=,#'%-%"(E*#5#E*50"5%&"6"(*',&(0,(*9%*&)5%=(%,&S
B%* ?,#* %'(* =6''#0""6"(* =0,&* 9%* 5&)6(%,&E* 5d%'(* '6"'* 40,(%* 9%* -0-%"(* 0o* b6* >90?,%
%(*4%*'%*4%-6"4%&*'#*9d0"*40#(*50"(#",%&*c*(0,(*f*50,=E*96*9#'(%*%g#'(%E*%(*9%*]&6"4*)5&#$6#"
[<%&%5E*N6>%96#'E*M0$6&#"6^*'6#(*"%*=9,'*/*(0,53%&S*7C0,(0"'*?,%*96*"0(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*4%
j*-0,$%-%"(*6-0,&%,g*k*'d6==9#?,%*=6&F6#(%-%"(*f*F&'?&'/9#;$&8/*D*-69]&)*96*(%53"#5#()
0,9#=#%""%*=&s")%*=6&*<%&%5E*5%*"d%'(*?,%*4%*5%96*?,d#9*'d6]#(S
R9*'d6]#(*6,''#*4%*(0,C0,&'*=6''%&*(&.'*$#(%*f*6,(&%*530'%*=0,&*699%&*%"50&%*6#99%,&'*%"
'%*&%96"b6"(*90]04/"6-#?,%-%"(E*%(*&%50--%"5%&*f*9d#"F#"#*c*B)9#"%*J%&'6"(*9d6*4#(*6$6"(
1L
"0,' *%(*4%*F6b0"*=9,'*F#"%*D
L’écriture se veut un chantier toujours ouvert, pour lequel il faut inventer en
permanence de nouvelles consignes, de nouvelles procédures capables de
relancer toujours plus les processus de maturation du texte.
1U
**P,/*B90,(#%&E*j*+%*4)$%&'%,&*4%*&)-#''#0"*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&B'0=S*5#(E*=S*@WQS
1L
**B)9#"%*J%&'6"(E*j*O%*F#9*%"*6#],#99%*D*9%*(#''6]%*4,*(%g(%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*QVS*
U@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
20,(*-%,&(*(&.'*$#(%*%(*&%'','5#(%*%"50&%*=9,'*$#(%*D*#9*F6,(*(0,C0,&'*&%-%((&%*4%*9d%''%"5%*46"'
96*-653#"%E*6F#"*?,d%99%*&%=6&(%*4%*=9,'*>%99%*%(*46"'*-#99%*6,(&%'*4#&%5(#0"'S*K(#%""%*N6>6()
1V
)5&#(E*9,#E*46"'*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*M0$6&#"6*k *?,%*j*|96}*9#(6"#%E*=0,'')%*#5#*6,*=0#"(*4%
"0"H&%(0,&E*%'(*,"%*$090"()*4d)=,#'%&*9%*(%g(%E*4d699%&*C,'?,d6,*>0,(*4%*'%'*=0''#>#9#()'*k*c
5d%'(E*4#(H#9E*,"%*j*%"(&%=&#'%*4d%g()",6(#0"*4%*96*96"],%*=6&*96*&)=)(#(#0"*k*40"(*0"*=0,&&6#(
(&0,$%&*9d)?,#$69%"(*53%u*I#536,g*%(*.'E9)7$9)$*53%u*:%5n%((*q*#9*5#(%*4d6#99%,&'*,"*=6''6]%*4%
_.77*=0,&*#99,'(&%&*'0"*=&0=0'S
Bd%'(*6,''#*f*,"%*-#'%*%"*'5."%*4%*9d%g()",6(#0"*4%*96*96"],%*?,%*9d0"*6''#'(%*D*f*(&6$%&'
5%&(6#"%'*9#'(%'E*0"*6*-l-%*9d#-=&%''#0"*?,%*M0$6&#"6*%''6#%*4%*40""%&*,"*'%"'*50"5&%(*f
9d%g=&%''#0"*j**(%"(6(#$%*4d)=,#'%-%"(*k*[j*#9*9%*F6#(*k*=0,&&6#(H0"*4#&%^*D*#9*-0"(&%*96*F6(#],%*4%
96*9#'(%*'d)=,#'6"(*%(*=6&F0#'*-l-%*6]0"#'6"(*9#(()&69%-%"(*'0,'*"0'*/%,gE*4%*F6b0"*50-#50H
&0-6"(#?,%S
O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*=6&*%g%-=9%E*96*')&#%*4d65(#0"'*'0,'*9%'*6&>&%'*?,d0"*5&0/6#(
F#"#%* &%=&%"4* 6,g* =6]%'* WU@HWU1* -6#'* 5d%'(* ,"* 536"(* 4,* 5/]"%E* 96* '(&,5(,&%* ',C%(\$%&>%\
50-=9)-%"(*)(6"(*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(*5363,()%*[96*-653#"%*"%*F0"5(#0""%*=9,'^*D*#9*/*6*4%'
$%&>%'*#"(&6"'#(#F'E*4%'*=&)5#'#0"'E*4%'*BS;SRS*%(*4%'*50-=9)-%"('*5#&50"'(6"5#%9'*50--%
'#* 96* 9#'(%E* 'd)=,#'6"(* '0,'* "0'* /%,gE* 6$6#(* >%'0#"* 4d6#4%* =0,&* -0,&#&* %"F#"S* Bd%'(* 5%((%
4#-%"'#0"* =9,'* 0&]6"#?,%* ?,%* -6(3)-6(#?,%* ?,#* "0,'* %-=l53%* 4%* &6"]%&* `SMS* 46"'* 96
56()]0&#%*4%'*0,9#=#%"'*-6#'*0"*$%&&6*?,d#9*'%*4)-6&?,%*4d%,g*4%*>#%"*4d6,(&%'*-6"#.&%'t
K&V.+->&%"&M*#-%>
!(#9#')%*46"'*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'E*96*'(&,5(,&%*F#g%*%'(*,"*5#-%"(*&3)(0&#?,%*=&#$#9)]#)S*B%&(6#"'
4%*5%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*'%*&%-6&?,%"(*4,*=&%-#%&*50,=*4dr#9E*50--%*96*+#'(%*4%*230"0"*40"(*"0,'
&%=6&9%&0"'S*B%&(6#"'*'0"(*(&.'*'#-=9%'*q*j*8,C%(*\*$%&>%*F6#&%*\*4d5%'*["0-*50--,"^*k*0,
-l-%*j*',C%(H$%&>%H50-=9)-%"(*k*q*%(*#9*/*6*6,''#*4%'*53%$#99%'*&)5,&&%"(%'*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%
6''%u*'0,$%"(*50--%*j*a,d%'(H5%*?,%*(d6'*F6#(*50--%*)(,4%'*h*kE*96*&)=0"'%*=0,$6"(*l(&%
j*I6",(%"(#0""6#&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1AW^*0,*j*Gd6#*)(,4#)*96*'09#(,4%*k*[$8*OS7S^S
80,$%"(* 6,''#E* >&,'?,%-%"(* [50--%* 46"'* 9%* 564&%* 4d,"* #"(%&&0]6(0#&%Ê* 9%'
=%&'0""6]%'*'0"(*'0--)'*4%*F6#&%*&)5#(*4%*$#%*f*(&6$%&'*f*96*F0&-,9%*j*O#(%'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%
|t}*k*q*-6#'*#9*/*6,&6*4%'*$6&#6"(%'*D*j*O#(%'*96*9#'(%*kE*%(5S*7,(&%'*=3&6'%'*%(*F0&-,9%'*0,
(0,&",&%'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*&)5,&&%"(%'*D*j*K"(&%*i*k*[746-E*O#%,E*%(5SÊ*j*R9*9%*F6#(*kE*j*Bd%'(
,"*30--%*?,#*4#(*?,%*k*[f*96*=6]%*1@Q*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*f*96*F#"*4%*4.'*K*G8&Ê*j*Bd%'(
,"*F0,*?,#*k*[$8*8S*%(*7SRS^*-6#'*6,''#*j*I%&5#E*-%&5#*kE*j*40"(*$0#5#*9%'*kE*j*',#(%*f*96*',#(%*4%
?,0#*kE*j*a,d6'H(,*F6#(*46"'*kE*j*B%*'65*50"(#%"(*k*%(*j*O#'*=9,(s(*kE*%(5S%(5S*[0"*9%'*&%(&0,$%&6
(0,'*46"'*5%((%*(3.'%E*f*(&6$%&'*4%*(&.'*"0->&%,'%'*5#(6(#0"'^S
O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*"0(6--%"(E*M0$6&#"6*'d%"(0,&%*4%*4#'=0'#(#F'*(&.'*"0->&%,g
['0"*&6==0&(*6,*4#'=0'#(#F*)(6"(*50-=9.(%-%"(*6FF%5(#F^*c*5%&(6#"'*'0"(*(&.'*'#-=9%'*%(*&%9.$%"(
4%*96*9#'(%*50--%*j*80,'*,"*|"0-*4d,"*6&>&%}*\*',C%(*\*$%&>%*\*BS;SOS*0,*BS;SRSk*[==S*WTXHWTTÊ
,"%*9#'(%*50--%"b6"(*=0,&(6"(*=6&*j*7*9d0->&%*4d,"*-#5&050,9#%&E*G%6"*26,=#"*%'(*6''#'*%(
&)F9)53#(*k*-6#'*%"536w"6"(*C,'(%*6=&.'*=6&*D
[…] sous un figuier, l’Enfant de Néré reçoit les premières gouttes de la pluie ;
sous un ormeau, l’Acteur du Monomonde respire l’air ; sous un bosquet de
bouleau, Daniel Buttay examine une branche de saule ; sous un hêtre, l’Enfant
Scapulaire ne parvient pas à se rappeler le nom de la rivière qui traverse
1V
**K(#%""%*N6>6()E*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&B*0=S*5#(SE*=S*W1S
U1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Bellegarde ; sous un sapin, le petit Menu et le Mangeur Spermier sentent venir la
nuit […]
Od6,(&%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*[(0,(*%"*&%9%$6"(*(0,C0,&'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*4%*96*9#'(%^*'0"(*>%6,50,=*=9,'
50-=9#?,)'*50--%*j*-)(#%&*\*9#%,*|$#99%E*",-)&0E*"0-*4%*&,%}E*\*C%*[\Cd^*\*$%&>%*f*9d#-=6&F6#(*\
|&#%"E*BS;OSE*&%96(#$%*0,*50-=9)-%"(*5#&50"'(6"5#%9}^kE*96*536"'0"*4%'*5099.]%'*[BSJSE*=S
QTT^*'%*50-=0'6"(E*%99%E*4%*(&0#'*=3&6'%'*'(&,5(,&)%'*#4%"(#?,%-%"(*D
J’ai passé une vie en occasions au collège de parturition. J’ai passé une vie
occupante .au collège sans partition J’ai passé une vie abondante, à vivre
d’occasion au Collège Pantutrique
O%* 96* =6]%* QAX* f* 96* =6]%* Q@1E* 9%* 4#'=0'#(#F* 530#'#* '%&6* (/=#?,%-%"(* 5%9,#* 4d,"%* '5."%
4d#"(%&&0]6(0#&%*'%&&)*$0#&%*4d,"%*]6&4%*f*$,%*-,'59)%*-6#'*6$%5*4%'*)9)-%"('*6>',&4%'
%(\0,*50-#?,%'*c*=6&*%g%-=9%E*96*'(&,5(,&%*j*a,%*F6#'6#'H(,*?,6"4*(,*)(6#'*|-)(#%&\65(#$#()}
f*|$#99%*\*"0-*4%*&,%}*h*k*5s(0#%&6*4%'*?,%'(#0"'*)"#]-6(#?,%'*50--%*j*;o*6'H(,*6550-=9#
(6*C0#%*h*k[?,#*&%$#%"(*4%,g*F0#'^*0,*>#%"*j*;o*6'H(,*36>#()*6$6"(*4d6$0#&*?,#(()*(6*C0#%*h*kS
+d3,-0,&* %'(* 9fE* -6#'* ,"%* 5%&(6#"%* 4,&%()* 6,''#* D* j* 80/%u* =9,'* =&)5#'* ',&* $0'* 4%&"#.&%'
65(#$#()'*kS*;"*#"'#'(%E*0"*$%,(*'6$0#&*D*j*;o*40"5*h*k*j*;o*h*kE*k*B6#''#%&*0o*h*k*j*a,%
F6#'6#'H(,*h*kE*j*a,%9'*",-)&0'*h*kE*j*O%*?,%99%*F6b0"*h*kS*R5#E*9d6,(%,&*"%*C0,%*=6'*$&6#-%"(*9%
C%,*4,*4#'=0'#(#F*D*0"*&%50""6w(*,"*#"(%&&0]6(0#&%*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,(*f*F6#(*,"*#"(%&&0]6(0#&%S
R9*F6,(*?,%*5%96*&%'(%*"0$6&#"#%"E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4%*"%*=6'*'%*96#''%&*-6"]%&*=6&*9%
4#'=0'#(#F*D*#9*F6,(*]6&4%&*'6*=6((%E*'6*'#]"6(,&%*D*j*a,%*F6#'6#'H(,*?,6"4*(,*)(6#'*%"F6"(#"H
'65&#=#%"*|t}*h*k*O%*-l-%E*96*(0=0"/-#%*#5#*)$0?,)%*'%&6*50-=9.(%-%"(*#-6]#"6#&%*$0#&%
"0$6&#"#%""%*%"*4#6>9%*D*j*&,%*4%'*<96"('H4%H<0#&%6,g*kE*j*&,%*4%'*R"5#4%"('*kE*j*&,%*4,
B695,9HI%"(69*kE*j*&,%*4%'*+,-#.&%'*=6&9)%'*kS
7*9d#-6]%*4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*[(0,(*f*96*F0#'*503)&%"(*%(*#"503)&%"(Ê*#9*/*6,&6*4#'=0'#(#F
['(&,5(,&%E*503)&%"5%E*,"#()^*-6#'*5%96*'6,&6*&%'(%&*'0,=9%E*536"]%6"(*%(*=9%#"*4%*F6"(6#'#%*D
f*96*=6]%*T@*=6&*%g%-=9%E*0"*6,&6*96*'(&,5(,&%*k*|"0-}E*$0,'*l(%'*,"*|-%"(%,&*\*$09%,&}*D
-0"(%u*|\50,&%u}*46"'*96*|-653#"%*\*$0#(,&%}*f*|$6=%,&*\"0#&5%,&}*k*=,#'*j*$0,'*l(%'*4%'
$09%,&'*D*-0"(%u*46"'*96*;#(,&%*f*-0#(%,&E*"0#&5%,&E*$6=%,&*k*?,#*6990"]%*5056''%-%"(*9%
4#'=0'#(#FE*5%9,#*',&*9%*',&F*4,?,%9*0"*'%*5&0/6#(*=6&(#*[4%*F6#(E*#5#E*&#%"*"%*]9#''%*$&6#-%"(E*#9*/
6*4%'*6'=)&#()'E*4%'*0>'(659%'*',&*9%*53%-#"E*4%'*655#4%"('S
7,g* =6]%'* Q1VHQQAHQQ@E* 0"* 6,&6* D* j* -0"* \* -6* |=6&(#%* 4,* 50&='}* %'(* ,"* \* ,"%* |0>C%(
#"'09#(%*\*-653#"%*)(&6"]%*\0,(#9*>#u6&&%}*k*D*#5#E*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%*'/'(.-%*D*9d6((&#>,(*536"]%
(0,C0,&'*c*5%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*(0,(*f*F6#(*9%*-l-%*536-=*9%g#569*D*j*5)9)>&6(%,&*kE*j*#"(%&&0]6(%,&*kE
j* $#'%,&* kE* j* 50-=0'(%,&* kE* j* =0"5%,&* kE* j* $0/%,&* k* c* 6,* F,&* %(* f* -%',&%E* 0"* $6* $%&'
(0,C0,&'* =9,'* 4%* ")090]#%* D* j* #"])"#6#'%,&* kE* j* =0''#>#9#'(%,&* k* E* j* 0=#0=(#-#"#6(#'%,&* kE
j*F#"69#'6(#&6(%,&*k*q*%(*0"*50-=&%"4*4%*-0#"'*%"*-0#"'S*7*96*=6]%*=S*1UAE*0"*6,&6*,"%*')&#%
4%*4)>,('*4%*50"(%'*4%*F)%'*(0,&"6"(*50,&(*-6#'*9%'*50"(%'*4%*F)%'*%"*?,%'(#0"*0'5#99%"(*6,
F0"4*%"(&%*96*>96],%E*96*F6>9%*%(*96*50-=(#"%*D*9%*4#'=0'#(#F*%'(*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*$#'#>9%*%(*F90,*c*0"
"%*'6#(*C6-6#'*(&0=*4%*?,0#*#9*'d6]#(*q*"%*5#(0"'*?,%*D
Un jour un son sortant sans bruiiiit – par la pensée vida son couac. – Ce soir
d’accord, dit-il en ut – j’y serai plus, dit-il en u. – Car il pensait, avec effort – n’y
être plus –dit-il en uuuu. Un soir un porc, sentant son tort, dit au cochon : Es-tu
Ci-gît ? – Dis-moi, si je dors, ou si tu signes : Jean qui dit couac
O6"'* 96* ')&#%* 0"* &%(&0,$%* ,"%* %"(6-%* '#-#96#&%* [!"* '0#&* \* !"* C0,&* \* !"* C0,&* \* !"* '0#&^* %(
4%'*(#&%('*q*-6#'*j*+%*C0,&*-6964%E*=&#"(%-='*'6964%*q3#$%&*-6&&0"*-6964%*\*I%&5&%4#*",#(E
'6-%4#*6,''#E*#(0,*-6&4#*k*'0&(#&6*4,*4#'=0'#(#FS*7*96*=6]%*WAXE*5%*'%&6*D*j*B%*56-#0"*&0,]%
6$%5*|t}*k*',&*?,6(&%*=6]%'E*=,#'*(&0#'*=3&6'%'*50--%"b6"(*=6&*j*7$%5*|t}*k*D*>&%FE*0"
UQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
&%F,'%E*%"50&%*,"%*F0#'E*4%*50"(#",%&*6$%5*96*'(&,5(,&%*4%*4)=6&(E*?,d#5#*0"*'#-=9#F#%*%"*96
&%"46"(*=9,'*50,&(%E*=9,'*9)].&%*D*#9*/*6*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*$#%*4,*4#'=0'#(#F*?,#*'%*-04#F#%*'0,'
"0'*/%,gE*,"*=%,*50--%*'d#9*$#%#99#''6#(*50--%*,"*0&]6"#'-%*$#$6"(S*7,g*=6]%'*W@1HW@QE
0"*6,&6*,"*4#'=0'#(#F*9#)*f*4%'*",-)&0'*D*q*!"*D*[4%'5&#=(#0"*4d)(6(*-%"(69*\*=&0C%(*4%*'5."%['^
=0,&*,"%*=#.5%*F,(,&%*0,*,"*'5)"6&#0*',&&)69#'(%^*j*q*O%,g*D*[$(&?^*q*2&0#'*D*[$(&?^*q*a,6(&%*D
[$(&?^*C,'?,df*a,6(0&u%*k*c*=0,&(6"(E*=6'*4%*j*2&%#u%*k*-6#'*,"%*j*O0,u%*%(*404#5#%""%
'5."%*kS*<,#'*$#%"(E*%"*],#'%*4%*=0#"(%E*,"%*j**85."%*?,#"u%*%(*3,#(*5%"(*'#g*k
K&U"'#<"#'%&X'.Q+-%
+6*4#FF)&%"5%*6$%5*9d;,9#=0E*5d%'(*40"5*9d6>'%"5%*4%*&#]#4#()*[5%*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*>%6,50,=
=9,'*%"*=36'%*6$%5*96*"6(,&%*%(*5%&(6#"%'*&)69#()'*%"(&0=#?,%'^*56&*#9*/*6*(0,C0,&'*4%'*)56&('
46"'*9%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*=&0=0')'E*'0,$%"(*'09#4%'*6,*4)>,(E*4)5#4)'*=,#'*'d%FF&#(6"(E*'%*4)9#(6"(
%(*'d)5&0,96"(*%"F#"E*=&%'?,%*(0,C0,&'*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*53,(%*50-#?,%S*7#"'#E*6,g*=6]%'
W@WHW@X*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*,"*4#'=0'#(#F*6""0"5)*50--%*,"%*9#'(%E*f*'6$0#&*j*7*|\f}
9d65(#0"*4%*|t}*'%&6*|#-=0')*\*40"")}*5%99%*4%*|t}*kE*=&%"4&6*F#"*6$%5*,"%*=3&6'%*&%96(#$%-%"(
4)569)%*=6&*&6==0&(*6,*&%'(%*q*?,d0"*%"*C,]%*[96*=6]#"6(#0"*%'(*4%*"0,'^*D
[…] liste des passions qui seront imposées aux actions : à l’action de parler sera
imposée celle de toujours se taire, à l’action de construction celle de ruine, et à
l’action de dire quand c’est, celle de manger à l’heure qu’il est, et à celle d’être,
celle de se pendre […] Liste des châtiments infligés par ailleurs aux segments
suivants : à l’action de creuser un trou sera donné le châtiment d’en combler le
double d’un autre ; à l’action de remonter sa montre pour passer le temps sera
donné le châtiment de n’en retrouver que la moitié d’une ; à l’action de rester là
sera imposé le châtiment de plus partir ici-bas ; à l’action d’être présent celle
d’être adjacent ; à l’action de pâlir celle de pleuvoir. […] A l’action de chercher
sera imposé le châtiment d’être introuvable. […] Aux vivants sera prescrite
portion de mourir.
:&%FE*0"*5&0#(*?,%*9%*4#'=0'#(#F*$6*699%&*C,'?,d6,*>0,(*%(*"0,'*%-=0&(%&*46"'*'0"*-0,$%-%"(S
O%* F6#(E* #9* '%->9%* >#%"* =6&(#* =0,&* -6#'* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* '%* >&#'%E* 'd%FF&#(%* D* 0"* $6* =0,&(6"(
C,'?,d6,* >0,(* -6#'* 5%96* (0,&"%* 50,&(* %(* 9%'* =3&6'%'* 4%* 4)=6&(* "%* '0"(* =9,'* (0,(* f* F6#(
9%'* -l-%'* f* 9d6&&#$)%* D* %99%'* '0"(* 0=)&)%'E* 0"* 6* 4#(* "0"* 6,* -6&>&%* %(* 6,* 5#-%"(E* f* 96
=6&%''%*%(*f*9d#--0>#9#()S*Bd%'(*?,d#5#*40"5E*&#%"*"d%'(*$&6#-%"(*F9,#4%*D*#9*/*6*4%'*#"(%&&,=(#0"'E
4%'*56'',&%'E*4%'*6'=)&#()'E*'6"'*50-=(%&*9%'*50--%"(6#&%'*4,*]%"&%*j*2%99%'*'0"(*9%'
50"4#(#0"'*4%*96*4)9)]6(#0"S*k*0,*j*Bd%'(*(0,(*k*[=S*W@W^*%(*9%'*4#46'569#%'HfH4#&%*50--%*[=S
W1X^*j*+d6""0"5%,&*4,*B&#-%*4#(*f*9d0&%#99%*|t}*%(*+d6""0"5%,&*#""05%"(*|t}*kS*K"*'0--%E
0"*"d%'(*=6'*=6&(#*',&*,"*',&F*69%g6"4&#"*"#*',&*9%'*>6'%'*4,*',C%(H$%&>%H50-=9)-%"(*D*5d%'(
=9,'*50-=9%g%*?,%*5%96S*K"*%FF%(E*"0,'*=0,&&#0"'*l(&%*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*9#(6"#%*&/(3-)%
[$0#&%*'96-)%^*-6#'*4)5#4)-%"(*?,%9?,%*530'%*50#"5%E*]&#"5%E*F6#(*-6''%*%(*=&0>9.-%*D*9%
4)50996]%*9/&#?,%*%'(*&%"4,*#-=0''#>9%*q*4)5099%&6*h*4)5099%&6*=6'*h*Bd%'(*5%*?,%*=%,(*'%
4%-6"4%&*9%*&)5%=(%,&*?,#*=%,(*'d%"*6-,'%&*0,*'%*'%"(#&*F&,'(&)*[9fE*5%96E*40"5E*(0,&"%*,"
=%,*50,&(*D*0"*"d#&6*=6'*=9,'*90#"^S
O6"'* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&E* 9%'* 4#'=0'#(#F'* 6,&0"(* '0,$%"(E* 9%'* -l-%'
56&65()&#'(#?,%'E* %(* 5%* 4.'* 96* =6]%* @A* [C,'?,df* 96* =6]%* @U^* 6$%5* j* Gd6#* $)5,* …* BS;SOS
)$%"(,%99%-%"(*',#$#*4d,"*50-=9)-%"(*5#&50"'(6"5#%9E*4d,"%*F0&-%*$%&>69%*%"*•6"(€0,*4d,"
"0-* 4%* F6-#99%* 50--%* j* G%6"* * J053,* k* kE* '(&,5(,&%* ?,#* '%* (&6"'F0&-%&6* %"* 50-=9)(#$%
#"50&&%5(%*[j*Gd6#*$)5,*?,d0"*|t}*kÊ*%"*j*Cd6#*&%$)5,*kE*%"*j*Cd6#*5&,*kE*=6&*4%,g*F0#'E*%(*-l-%
%"*j*Cd6#*',E*Cd6#*$,*%(*Cd6#*5&,*f*|t}*k*'6"'*50-=(%&*j*Cd6#*%"(%"4,*k*%(*j*Cd6#*)50,()*kE*56'*0o
UW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
9d)56&(*6$%5*9%*'53)-6*#"#(#69*%'(*%"50&%*=9,'*'%"'#>9%^S*a,6"(*f*96*53,(%E*%99%*'%*=&)'%"(%&6
'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"%*'0&(%*4%*&)=0"'%*[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"*>#96"*0,*4d,"*&%5(#F#56(#F^
50"'#'(6"(*46"'*j*`0,'*6$%u*$)5,*50--%*9%*53#%"*<0(6]&%*?,#*6$0,6*6$0#&*$)5,*50--%*9%
'%&=%"(*G,-%90"*kS*7C0,(0"'*?,%*9%'*F6-%,'%'*j*65(#0"'*50-#?,%'*k*'%&0"(*6,''#*,"*4%'
F#9'*50"4,5(%,&'*4,*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*-6#'*?,%*5%96*-6"?,%&6*'#"],9#.&%-%"(*4%
503)&%"5%*%(*4d,"#()E*9d6-,'6"(*)(6"(*C,'(%-%"(*4%*$0#&*'%*5s(0/%&*4%'*65(#0"'*'#-=9%'*%(
4%'*65(#0"'*'%*'#(,6"(*46"'*96*<6(6=3/'#?,%S
K"F#"E* 50--%"(* "%* =6'* 4)5&#&%* #5#* 96* 9#'(%* 6-0''#%""%* 4%* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&* h* R9* 'd6]#(
4d,"%*4%'*=9,'*&#]#4%'*%(*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*96*=9,'*')&#%,'%*4%*(0,(%'E*f*9d#-6]%*4,*=%,
50--04%*=&0=3.(%*7-0'*[?,#E*4%*F6#(E*"%*=96#'6"(6#(*=6'^*%(*0"*6,&6*40"5E*',&*?,6(&%*=6]%'
[@X@H@X1H@XQH@XWÊ*j*<0,&*6$0#&*|F6,()*4d,"%*-6"#.&%*0,*4d,"%*6,(&%}*\*`#99%*4%*Z&6"5%*D*(0"*\
(%'*\*(6*|56(6'(&0=3%\F9)6,}*kE*9%*'%,9*)56&(*"0(6>9%*)(6"(*j*50"(&%*:%9F0&(*Cd%"$0#%*,"*F%,*kS
7,(&%*4#'=0'#(#F*=,#')*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&',*f*=6&(#&*4d,"%*>6'%*%"*j*a,%*50"(#%"(*|t}*hk
6$%5* &)=0"'%* f* 96* 59)E* 0"* =6''%&6* %"* &%$,%* j* 9d%'=65%E* 9d,"#$%&'E* (0"* 50&='E* (6* =%"')%E
*9dp-%E*9%*-0,$%-%"(E*(0"*96"]6]%E*(6*46"'%*k*D*5%*4#'=0'#(#Fc*50--%*4d6,(&%'E*'d6==6&%"(%
f*,"%*0=)&6(#0"E*46"'*,"*'%"'*-6(3)-6(#?,%E*40"(*96*53,(%H&)=0"'%*%'(*#5#*k*9%*-0,$%-%"(
50"(#%"(*9d%'=65%*k*c*%"*'0--%E*5d%'(*>%9*%(*>#%"*=6&*9%*4#'=0'#(#F*[9#'(%E*%(5S^*?,d0"*0=)&%
9%* 96"]6]%* 46"'* ,"* '%"'* "0$6&#"#%"* q* 9%* 4#'=0'#(#F* )(6"(* 6,''#* 9d#"'(&,-%"(* 4%* 9d0=)&6(#0"
46"'*,"*'%"'*53#&,&]#569*D*9%*96"]6]%*'0&(H#9*(0,C0,&'*#"4%-"%*4%*96*(6>9%*4%*>#996&4*?,d%'(
9%*=0.-%*h
K"F#"E*f*96*=6]%*TQ*[5FS*;SNSÊ*0"*6,&6*4%'*',#(%'*4#FF)&%"(%'*f*j*O#'*=9,(s(*D*|t}*k*6,g
=6]%'*UA*%(*U@E*9%*j*a,d6'H(,*F6#(*46"'*86#"(*K(#%""%*h*k*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'4%$%"6"(
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*j*a,d6'H(,*0>C)*|t}*=%"46"(*(6*$#%*h*k*[=S*1Q^S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&*[==S
QWHQX^SE*9%*=6&50,&'*[4d,"*50,=9%*h*4d746-*%(*K$%*h*4d,"%*F6-#99%*h*4%*9d%'=.5%*3,-6#"%*h^
%'(*&)',-)*6#"'#*D*j*R9'*$0"(*46"'*9%'*-6#'0"'*53#-#?,%'*\*'%5&)(69%'*\*-0&(%'*\*(6>,96#&%'
%(* 46"'* 9%'* -6#'0"'H-6#'0"'* k* =,#'* #9'* $0"(* j* 46"'* 9%'* -6#'0"'* -6&536"4%'* \* 46"'* 9%'
(0->%'*0=)&6(0#&%'*\*46"'*96*-6#'0"*4,*])"#(%,&*\*46"'*96*-6#'0"*=6"(%96"(%*4,*-6,$6#'
=6"(#"* k* =0,&* F#"69%-%"(* )530,%&* 6,* j* '%&$#5%* (36"6(090]#?,%* 4%'* -6#'0"'* =0,>%99%'* %(
46"'*9%'*-6#'0"'*=0,>%99%'*4%*96*(36"6(090]#%*kE*9%'*j*50&='*4%'*%"F6"('*k*)(6"(*j*4)=0')'
6,*$#$6&#,-*k*D*f*9d#-6]%*4,*=6&50,&'*j*#"#(#69#(#?,%*k*)$0?,)*=&)5)4%--%"(*E*0"*6''#'(%E
#-=,#''6"('*[56&*j*R9'*kE*5d%'(*"0,'Ê*f*,"%*&0>0(#'6(#0"*4%*9d#"4#$#4,*4%$6"(*',#$&%*,"*53%-#"
(0,(*(&65)*[,"*#"'(#"5(*")0H>%'(#69*9%*],#46"(*=%,(Hl(&%^*?,#((%*f*4)-)"6]%&*50"'(6--%"(S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%E*f*"0,$%6,*=,#')*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=SU1^*D
Les multitudes d’étoiles, Seigneur, qui les planta au ciel sinon ta main ? Les
poissons dans la mer, Seigneur, qui les lança dans l’eau ? qui recouvrit l’écorce
sinon toi ? qui donna aux cailloux la patience de rester sur place ? qui ordonna
d’un trait au cercle qu’il soit sans commencement ni fin et qu’il tourne autour de
son centre, même immobile, sinon ton adorable main ? qui ordonna au triangle
d’avoir trois côtés, sinon toi ? qui ordonna à ma bouche de s’ouvrir ?
+%'* ?,%'(#0"'* "d0"(* =6'* 96* -l-%* 90"],%,&* [5d%'(* =9,'* 4,* C6uu* ?,%* 4%* 96* (%53"0^* %(* #9
"d/*6*$&6#-%"(*4d,"#()*(3)-6(#?,%*=,#'?,d0"*=6''%*>&,'?,%-%"(*4%*96*"6(,&%*[)(0#9%'\5#%9E
=0#''0"'\-%&\%6,E*6&>&%\)50&5%E*56#990,g^*f*96*])0-)(&#%*[(&6#(E*5%&59%E*(&#6"]9%E*5s()'Ê*,"
=%,*50--%*0"*=6''%*4,*50?*f*9dp"%*[56&*%"F#"E*6&>&%*%(*(&#6"]9%*0"(H#9'*$&6#-%"(*9%*-l-%
'(6(,(*h*<%,(H0"*$&6#-%"(*9%'*-%((&%*',&*,"*-l-%*=96"*h^S*B%96*4#(E*5%*=6''6]%*%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*,"*%-=&,"(*f*,"*(3)090]#%"*?,%*"0,'*"%*50""6#''0"'*=6'*-6#'*9d%FF%(*4%*50?*f*9dp"%
#5#*=0#"()*&%'(%&6#(*?,6"4*-l-%*&%96(#$%-%"(*(&0,>96"(S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*&%5%"'%
4d6,(&%'*'(&,5(,&%'*F&6]#9%'*%(*"0(6--%"(*6,g*=6]%'*XTHXUHXL*6$%5*j*Gd643.&%*6,\f\96\-6*k
UX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
',#$#*4%*9d#"50&&%5(*j*Gd643.&%*(0,(*kE*%(*4,*50-=9#?,)*j*G%*-d6-69]6-%*f*(0"*6-69]6-%*%(
C%*-d6''#-#9%*f*(0"*643)&6(#0"*k*?,#*&%=6&(*',&*j*Gd643.&%*6,g*[Q*F0#'^\f*"0'\f*96\f*9d\6,\6,g\f
9d\f*(0,'*9%'*k*=0,&*&%$%"#&*',&*j*Gd643.&%*(0,(*k*%(*&%=6&(#&*%"50&%*',&*j*Gd643.&%*6,g\f\6,\f
96\f*k*=0,&*'%*(%&-#"%&*=6&*,"%*50"59,'#0"*%"*F0&-%*4%*=0#"(%*3,-0&#'(#?,%*c*%"*&6-6''6"(
9%'*530'%'*[96*=6]#"6(#0"*%'(*4%*"0,'Ê*0"*6*40"5*D
J’adhère au sujet-verbe-complément. J’adhère à la vivification de la vie, j’adhère
à la visibilité de l’espace ; j’adhère à la vivisection du vide rationnel. […] J’adhère
à ma chair qui bat. J’adhère tout. […] Je m’amalgame à ton amalgame et je
m’assimile à ton adhération J’adhère aux visiportions, j’adh… […] … dhère
aux céphalées, j’adhère aux vitres. […] J’adhère à nos stations […] J’adhère
à la plupart de nos trous catastrophiques, j’adhère à l’industrie autopsienne ;
j’use les pneus des auto mélano et leuco-autopsiennes ; j’adhère aux trous de
miroirs sphériques, j’ai mal aux analgésiques ; j’adhère à l’hominisation humaine
sous toutes ses formes, grandes et petites. J’adhère à tous les mots de toutes
les langues de toutes mes forces parahumaines, posthumaines, métahumaines,
humaines-bis, péri et tri-humaines. J’adhère tout. J’adhère aux Peugeot, Ford,
Nissan, j’adhère à Jean-Claude Decaux, j’adhère au boulevard Napoléon Blanqui
à Luisi-Porça, à l’enfant de Luisi-Porça, à Bénédict Vindict au corsage noir.
J’adhère à la certitude d’habiter Vie sur la vie, j’adhère à Lousipôk-Whisipok. La
vie, oui à la vie ! Adam est un adhérent : tout lui va bien.
B%((%* 4#$%&'#()* 4%'* 6&(#59%'* '%* &6==0&(6"(* 6,* 50-=9)-%"(* 4d0>C%(* #"4#&%5(* [?,#* "d%'(* 40"5
C6-6#'*9%*-l-%^*%'(*&)$)96(&#5%*[$(&?*=0,&*9%'*0=(#0"'*4%*=0"5(,6(#0"*D*=0#"(E*$#&],9%*%(*=0#"(H
$#&],9%^*D*96*'(&,5(,&%*f*>%6,*l(&%*&)=)(#(#$%E*9%*50?*f*9dp"%*%(*9d#"'(6>#9#()*[9%'*',&=&%"6"('
j*Gd,'%*9%'*="%,'*|t}*k*%(*j*Cd6#*-69*6,g*6"69])'#?,%'*k*'d#--#'b6"(*50-#?,%-%"(*-6#'
6,''#*9%'*50--%"(6#&%'*j*790&'*(,*%'*9d30--%t*kE*j*2,*%'*9d30--%*40,>9%-%"(*kE*j*2,
%'*9d30--%*?,64&,=9%-%"(*k*%(*9%*5&#*k*796&-%E*696&-%*m*k*&)=)()*4%,g*F0#'^*50"(#",%"(*f
l(&%*=&#$#9)]#)'*D*j*',C%(*$%&>%*50-=9)-%"(*kE*j*5)=369)%'*kE*-6&?,%'*4%*$0#(,&%'E*"0-'
4%*$#99%'E*4%*>0,9%$6&4E* 4d%"F6"(* 0,*4%* F%--%'E* j* (&0,'* k* 4%* (0,(%'* '0&(%'* [j* 4%* -#&0#&'
'=3)&#?,%'*kE*j*56(6'(&0=3#?,%'*k*0,*j*'6"],#"6#&%'*k^*%(*j*-0('*4%*(0,(%'*9%'*96"],%'*k*D
#5#*(0,(*'%*-)96"]%*=,#'?,d0"*643.&%*f*(0,(S
OKUKVK&?/&$2(&'%&J)#"1-(%&f
8#*"0,'*-,9(#=9#0"'*#5#*9%'*&)F)&%"5%'*f*9d;,9#=0*[#9*%'(*5%&(6#"*?,%*9d6,(%,&*&%''%->9%*=6&
-0-%"('*f*a,%"%6,E*<%&%5*0,*N0,>6,4Ê*#9*"%*F6,(*=6'*'d/*(&0-=%&*D*96*=6((%*"0$6&#"#%""%
536"]%*(0,(S*7,*4)>,(*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O*:&'7&?%/*=6&*%g%-=9%*[=S*@@Ê*M0$6&#"6*'%->9%
5%&(%'*&%=&%"4&%*f*'0"*50-=(%*9%*=&0C%(*=)&%5?,#%"*4%*(%"(6(#$%*4d)=,#'%-%"(*[#5#*',&(0,(
6==9#?,)%* f* 4%'* $)3#5,9%'* -0(0&#')'^* -6#'* 96* ]&0''%* 4#FF)&%"5%E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 4%'* )9)-%"('
'=)5#F#?,%'*f*'0"*,"#$%&'*4%*F6"(6#'#%*4)>&#4)%*6==6&6#''%"(*bf*%(*9fE*?,#*F0"(*?,%*9%*(%g(%
"d6* F#"69%-%"(* =6'* 4,* (0,(* 96* '(&#5(%* 0>C%5(#$#()* $0,9,%* %"* ]&6"4%* =6&(#%* =6&* 9d6,(%,&* 4%'
>+9/&/*[5FS*j*56-#0""%((%*'#]")%*O,"90=*k*%(*j*96*Z%--%*6,*=6"(690"*-0&(*kE*"0(6--%"(^S
B%96* =0')E* 46"'* '6* &64#04#FF,')%* L&87.7$;&' (&' (&/*)$%7$98' (&' *+9/&/' ;#&/' .#' *.))&E9#)
H.=$::98SE*<%&%5*4#(*$0#&E*%"(&%*6,(&%'E*,"*j*>699%(*4%*53#%"'*%(*4%*=6&6=9,#%'*kE*4%'*=6""%6,g
=,>9#5#(6#&%'*[j*!"*50,=*4%*F#9E*b6*&6'',&%*kE*j*+%'*5050(#%&'*'0"(*6&&#$)'*kÊ*,"*j*50""6&4
6$%5*,"%*$0#(,&%*4%*(/=%*&699/%*k*%(*4%'*j*0FF#5#%&'*4%*9d7&-)%*4,*'69,(*?,#*$#'#(%"(*<6&#'*kE*5%
?,#E*'0,'*9%*&6==0&(*4%*96*4#$%&'#()*56&"6$69%'?,%E*4%*96*F6"(6#'#%*%(*4%'*%FF%('*4%*',&=&#'%E
%'(*?,6'#-%"(*"0$6&#"#%"S
UT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
<%&%5*%'(*%"50&%*50"",*=0,&*9%'*(%g(%'*0o*#9*'d#"(%&4#(*4d,(#9#'%&*5%&(6#"%'*9%((&%'*[5%96*"%
50"5%&"6"(*=6'*?,%*4&/'Q&;&8&87&/^*c*5%((%*F0&-%*4%*50"(&6#"(%*0o*9d0"*'d#"(%&4#(*?,%9?,%
QA
530'%*=%,(*6,''#E*=6&F0#'E*50"5%&"%&*M0$6&#"6*q*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6( *"0,'*9%*&6==%99%*D*j*K"
)5&#$6"(*4&@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9d6,(%,&*4#(*e'dl(&%*#-=0')*,"%*=&#$6(#0"E*5%99%*4%'*#"4#56(#0"'
'5)"#?,%'e*kS*a,6"(*6,g*3?%I).7$E/'[$8*2S<SE*==S*LVH@AVÊ*5%*'0"(*=9,'*4%'*%"50,&6]%-%"('
?,%*4%'*50"(&6#"(%'*-6#'*0"*=0,&&6*%'(#-%&*?,%*46"'*5%&(6#"'*56'E*5%96*'%*50"F0"4*,"*=%,S
;"* =0,&&6#(* %"50&%* &%-6&?,%&* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* "0,'* =&0=0'%* =6&* -0-%"('* 4%'* '0&(%'
4%*'(&,5(,&%'*3/=%&H&#]#4%'*%(*(/=#?,%-%"(*0,9#=#%""%'*50--%E*',&*5#"?*=3&6'%'*[$8*GS8SÊ
j*M0(&%*|t}*?,#*l(%'*%"*"0,'E*50--%*|t}S*k*0,*690&'*j*+6*(l(%*4%*9d30--%*%'(*,"\,"%*|t}E
6,(6"(* 4d#"#(#6(#$%'* &6==%96"(* 9d#-=#(0/6>9%* j* J|t}I|t}N|t}* k* 4%* a,%"%6,* [?,#* 40""%&6
j*J,I%N\*J0I.N%\J0I6N4*k^*#"*K.::S*%:#/*$87$?&*H*9%*C%,*%"*?,%'(#0"*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*%"50&%
-#%,g*46"'*96*-04.9%*j*J|t}&?,%*k*?,#*4)>0,53%*46"'*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/'',&*j*J6&?,%E
J,&?,%E*J0&?,%*k*[=S*1AT^S*I6#'*5%*'0"(*9f*4%'*%g5%=(#0"'E*M0$6&#"6*'%->96"(*"%*=6'*'0,FF&#&
?,d,"*4#'=0'#(#F*"%*'0#(*=6'*F&6]#9%*4d,"%*-6"#.&%*0,*4d,"%*6,(&%S*8,&*9%*-04.9%*4%*96*'(&,5(,&%
F#g%*[?,#*%'(*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*f*9d0&#]#"%*4%*(0,(*=&0]&6--%*#"F0&-6(#?,%^*-6#'*#5#*F#g%*.'%)$9)$*[5%
?,#*536"]%*(0,(Ê*#9*>p(#(*5%96*4#(*"0->&%*4%*4#'=0'#(#F'*[6#"'#*4,*=6&50,&'*4%*$#%*])0-)(&#')
%(* >69#')* =6&* 4%'* #"#(#69%'* f* 96* =6]%* 1V* 4%* F&' /#$/E* -6#'* 0"* =0,&&6#(* (&0,$%&* -#99%* 6,(&%'
%g%-=9%'*%"50&%*=9,'*'#]"#F#56(#F'^S
B0"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%&(6#"%'*6==6&%"5%'E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*40"5*?,%*9d;,9#=0*[%(*9d#-=0&(6"5%
?,%* 9d;,$&0#&* 6550&4%* f* 96* 50"(&6#"(%* )&,4#(0H9,4#?,%^* "%* F6''%* =6'* $&6#-%"(* =6&(#%* 4%'
#"F9,%"5%'* 4%* M0$6&#"6S* K"* %FF%(E* "0,'* "%* '0--%'* =6'* %"* =&)'%"5%* 4d,"%* 9#(()&6(,&%* f
50"(&6#"(%'E* 9d6,(%,&* (&6$6#996"(* ',&(0,(* [56&* 5%* "d%'(* =6'* (0,(* f* F6#(* =6&%#9^* f* 4)9#-#(%&* ,"
(%&&6#"*c*#9*F6,4&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*9%*50-=6&%&*f*<0"]%*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%*D*9d6,(%,&*4,
-)IE*4%*F6#(E*=&05)46#(*4%*96*'0&(%*q*$(&?'[.'E9)7$9)$^*=0,&*O6"#%99%*I)-0#&%E*6,(%,&*3)96'
%"50&%*-)50"",E*=,>9#)*53%u*<;+*%(*?,#*6*50--%*M0$6&#"6E*50"'(&,#(*'0"*r,$&%*f*=6&(#&*4%
=#'(%'*?,d%99%*%g=90&%*0>'%''#0""%99%-%"(*4%=,#'*9%*4)>,(*4%*'0"*%"(&)%*%"*)5&#(,&%E*=#'(%'
6,g?,%99%'*%99%*%'(*&%'()%*F#4.9%*6$%5*,"%*50"'(6"5%*(0,(*f*F6#(*#-=&%''#0""6"(%*[6,*-0#"'
C,'?,df*=&)'%"(^S
;"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%*)$0?,%&*#5#*9d#4)%*4d,"*9#(*4%*<&05,'(%*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%*=&0C%(
"0$6&#"#%"*4%*&%''%&&%-%"(*&3)(0&#?,%*q*=0,&(6"(E*9%*&%''%&&%-%"(*%"*?,%'(#0"*"%*'6,&6#(
l(&%*?,69#F#)*4d#-=#(0/6>9%S*O#'0"'*?,d#9*/*6*(0,(*,"*C%,*(0,C0,&'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*&%50"4,#(*-6#'
6$%5*,"%*6''%u*]&6"4%*-6&]%*4%*9#>%&()*%(*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*?,#*$6&#%"(*%"*F0"5(#0"*4,*9#$&%
%"*(&6#"*4%*'d)5&#&%S*B%((%*4#$%&'#()*4d6==&053%'*%'(*96*&6#'0"*=0,&*96?,%99%*536?,%*0,$&6]%
'%->9%*6$0#&*'6*=%&'0""69#()*=&0=&%E*-69]&)*9%*&%(&6$6#9*4d,"%*-6(#.&%*&3)(0&#?,%*?,#*)(6#(
4)Cf*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*9f*6,*4)=6&(E*%"*6-0"(S
OKUKcK&C25%/(-&)<E(#)231%-&%(&$%9%$2/0&/#9*)2/2%/
K&@&Y&<'+M%&8?&:.+>>.:<%&$%&Z&B&
O6"'*9%*'(/9%*,9(&6H&6=#4%E*9%'*536"]%-%"(*4%*&/(3-%*%(*9%'*#"5%''6"('*50?*f*9dp"%E*0"*%'(
(&.'* =&053%E* 6$%5* 5%* (3)p(&%E* 4d,"* u6==#"]* F0,* 6,* F0"4* (&.'* -6w(&#')S* <0,&(6"(E* 9%* (%&-%
4%*C%,H$#4)0*'d6==9#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%*-#%,g*f*5%((%*r,$&%*'#*-0,$6"(%*%(*50-=0&(6"(
=9,'#%,&'*"#$%6,gE*5%*4%&"#%&*(%&-%*)(6"(*f*&6==&053%&*4,*-0(*6"]96#'*:&;&:**%(*4%'*=6''6]%'
>&,'?,%'* 0,* ]9#''%-%"('*=&0]&%''#F'*4d,"* ,"#$%&'* f* 9d6,(&%E* =6''6]%'* %(* ]9#''%-%"('* ?,#
'd%FF%5(,%"(*4%*F6#(*50"'(6--%"(*46"'*9%'*C%,g*%"*?,%'(#0"S*86"'*,(#9#'%&*9%'*-l-%'*-0('E
QA
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.S*4.'>9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*B0"4)H',&HM0#&%6,E*Z&6"5%E*45R.)?.77.8E*1AAVE*=S*@TAS
UU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
;9#$#%&* O,>0,59%u* '%->9%* F6#&%* 699,'#0"* 6,* :&;&:$80* [-6#'* ,"* :&;&:$80* ?,#* '%&6#(* (3)p(&69E
9#(()&6#&%E*0&]6"#?,%*%(*&3)(0&#?,%^*46"'*'0"*0,$&6]%*N.:G)&*P9;.)$8.E*:.*%+S/$"#&*(#*().?&',
La dramatisation coagule en moments et en zones : les « rosaces » de La Chair
de l’homme ou les « actes » de L’Origine rouge ouvrent une forêt de lieux
communs ; on y retrouve la liturgie, la Cène , la pastorale, espaces frénétiques
et successifs où tout va plus vite, sans idée de la direction ou des raisons d’agir.
On bascule d’un espace dans l’autre sans qu’il y ait là progrès ou nécessité
narrative : le drame consiste en une topographie dynamique qui se stabilise à
chaque fois autour d’un motif, d’une obsession, d’un acte de parole : scène des
31
« prières », scène des « visions », scène des slogans….
:&%FE*'#*9%*-0(*:&;&:$80*[?,#*50"'#'(%*40"5*46"'*96*=0''#>#9#()*4%*=6''%&*4d,"*"#$%6,*f*,"
6,(&%^*"d%'(*=6'*=&0"0"5)*=6&*;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%uE*#9*'%*=%,(*?,d#9*/*=%"'%E*'0"*6==&053%*4%
Q1
9dr,$&%E* $,%* 50--%* ,"* j* %"'%->9%* 4d,"#()'* k * -%((6"(* >#%"* %"* )$#4%"5%* 96* -04%&"#()
4,*"0$6&#"#%"S*+%'*=3&6'%'*F6#'6"(*9d%"(6-%*4%*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7'[=S*V^*0o*M0$6&#"6*9,#H
-l-%*4)5&#(*'0"*6&(*$0"(*%"50&%*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*"0(&%*#4)%*D*j*<&0]&%''#0"*=6&*"6==%'E
4)$%&'%-%"(*%(*$6],%'*D*9%'*'5."%'*'d)>0,96"(*9%'*,"%'*46"'*9%'*6,(&%'*c*9d,"%*5)46"(*f*96
',#$6"(%*f*9d#"'(6"(*"0"*=&)$,*k
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* #9* "0,'* '%->9%* ?,%* 5%'* "0,$%99%'* (%&-#"090]#%'* [:&;&:' \* :&;&:$80E
O.%%$80E*%(5S^*'d6==9#?,%"(*6,*F0"4*f*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*`SMS*-6#'*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&*6,*@).?&
(&':.';$&E*0o*i*5&#-%*x*%"*=%&-6"%"5%E*5%*?,#*%'(*,"*596''#?,%*4,*C%,H$#4)0*[,"*(3.-%
6/6"(*&)5%--%"(*F6#(*'0"*%"(&)%*%"*96*9#(()&6(,&%*]&p5%*f*4%*C%,"%'*6,(%,&'*50--%*B390)
O%936,-%^S* M0(0"'* ?,d#5#* 5&#-6]%* =%,(* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* '%* 50"F0"4&%* 6$%5* -6"]%6]%
%(* ?,%* 5d%'(* )]69%-%"(* 9%* 56'* 46"'* ,"* C%,* 50--%* <65* I6"* -6#'* 96* 4#FF)&%"5%* %'(* ?,%
9%*5&#-6]%H]0>6]%*4)>0,53%*=&%'?,%*-6(3)-6(#?,%-%"(*',&*,"%*"6#''6"5%*[%"*5%*'%"'E
5&#-%&*%'(*50"'(&,5(#FÊ*5%96*50"5%&"6"(*,"*"0->&%*(&.'*#-=&%''#0""6"(*4%*=6]%'*q*"%*5#(0"'
?,%*96*=6]%*@T1*D
Le Danseur Clysto crime l’Homme de Où, naissance de l’homme de Sept. Le
Cycliste crime Jean Les Coqs, naissance du Docteur Perpétral. Amédée Boschetti
crime l’Ouvrier du Mond, naissance de l’Homme Amné. Ermemond vrime
l’Amboléon Borché, naissance de l’Ambulancier Jamblique, Le Très Haut crime
le Tronçon Vernicien, naissance de l’Enfant Valère. Le Douanier Dogan crime
l’Amboléon de Potard, naissance de la Terre de Terre. Le Douairier Doguignon
crime le Danseur Clystorion, naissance de l’Homme de Millimond. Trou Vocassin
crime l’Homme de Pothaire, naissance du Jongleur Roudul. Le Chien de Bonderie
crime l’Enfant Amné, naissance du Professeur de Pont. Picardy crime le Docteur
Turban, naissance du Sabreur Mercique. L’Homme de Bron crime le Musicien du
Bas, naissance de l’Eléphantier Véro. L’Enfant Moteur crime le Danseur Trouique,
naissance du Strangleur Véro. L’Homme de Ludre crime ambère Dublique,
naissance du Tétrassier Véro. Mambron Sadret crime le Sourcier de Chair,
naissance du Vapeur Ricardon. Ludus crime le Docteur des Matières, naissance
de l’Enfant d’Albon. Chudul crime le Planéticien, naissance du Vocassier. (D.V., p.
162).
31
Q1
&[-+A+%'&\#H*#<-%]?&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.?&-.&/(O>+,#%&$#&$'.M%?&*/F&<+"F&//F&J54JJ^
**3=$(SE*=S*@TS
UL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Bd%'(*40"5*,"*"0,$%6,*-0,9%*%"*j*x*5&#-%*iE*"6#''6"5%*4%*_*k*[4#'0"'*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'
,"*=%,*%"(&%*96*:#>9%*%(*<65*I6"^S*<0,&(6"(E*#9*/*6*4%*',>(#9%'*$6&#6"(%'*50--%*D*j*+dJ0--%
4%*I6g6*5&#-%*9dJ0--%*4%*:046S*M6#''6"5%*4%*:046S*M6#''6"5%*4,*`)()&#"*I)4#56"(S*R9
5&#-%*9%*`#6"4%,&*869$6()S*M6#''6"5%*4,*B36"(&%*4%*`6,4&%(*k*c*=6&F0#'E*#9*/*6*=9,'#%,&'
"6#''6"5%'* 4d,"* 50,=* f* 96* ',#(* 4d,"* 5&#-%* D* j* |t}* O05* 86"(,>%* 5&#-%* 9d6"#-69* B&6(#9%S
M6#''6"5%*4%*B0"(&%HP#],%E*I69>0(E*P&6$0"E*Z0&]#(E*R&?*kS*7,(&%'*-0469#()'*D*j*P6>/*5&#-%
`#&6"S* M6#''6"5%* 4%* P69>,'* k* [OS`SE* =S* X1^* 0,* j* 8%&-0"* Z%&-#?,%* 5&#-%* 9%'* K"F6"('
<6&#)(6,gS*K"(&%"(*N6-%6,E*9%*B3r,&E*9%*!"E*75(#0"*B0-#?,%E*B#&5,96(#0"*4,*B&#-E*+6"5#%&
850=#?,%S*k*[OS`SE*=S*VT^*c*#5#E*j*K"(&%"(*k*)?,#$6,(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*j*M6#''%"(*k*S*<6&F0#'E*0"
6*9d#-=&%''#0"*?,%*5%*'0"(*=9,'#%,&'*5&#-%'*[0,*=9,(s(*5&#-6]%'^*?,#*4)>0,53%"(*',&*,"%
"6#''6"5%*D*j*74&6-)9%53*5&#-%*;>'(#",'S*B0"$#$%*I,'%6,*5&#-%*B0"$#$%*M6''%S*B653%
5&#-%* +,?,%(S* M6#''6"5%* 4%* 9dR"])"#%,&* 7&-6"4S* k* [=S* UT^S* a,0#?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* 9%* 5&#-6]%
"%*4)>0,53%*=6'*(0,C0,&'*',&*,"%*"6#''6"5%E*0,*%"*(0,(*56'E*%99%*"d%'(*=6'*-%"(#0"")%*D
j*+d30--%*4%*7"]0"*5&#-%*9d30--%*4%*O6-0"*%(*-%,&(S*|t}*+d30--%*4%*:6&46"(*5&#-%
9d30--%*4%*&6#%*%(*-%,&(S*k*[OS`SE*=S*VLÊ*56'*4%*5&#-6]%*]&6(,#(*[-6#'*9%'*6,(&%'*9%*'0"(
=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#^S*;"*5&#-%*-6#'*9%*F6#(H0"*=0,&*%"F6"(%&*h*[B%*"d%'(*=6'*'z&^S*B&#-%&*40#(H#9
l(&%*6''#-#9%&*f*F6#&%*9d6-0,&*h*Bd%'(*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()S
M0$6&#"6*%'(*40"5*%"*9d055,&&%"5%*-04%&"%*f*'0"*#"',E*56&*0"*"%*'653%*=6'*?,%*9%
C%,H$#4)0*F6''%*=6&(#%*4%*'%'*=&6(#?,%'*5,9(,&%99%'S*7,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*9%*50-=6&%&*f*,"
=%#"(&%*50--%*O69#E*53%u*?,#*9%'*564&%'*[F696#'%'E*4)'%&('*0,*=96]%'E*36#%'*4%*5/=&.'E*%(5S^
'0"(*(0,C0,&'*,"*=%,*9%'*-l-%'S*<0,&(6"(E*90&'?,%*M0$6&#"6*&%$#%"(*',&*9%*-0(#FE*5d%'(*%"
536"]%6"(*=6&F0#'*&64#569%-%"(*4%*-6"#.&%*%(*%"*6==0&(6"(*(0,C0,&'*4%*"0,$%99%'*50,9%,&'
6,g*(6>9%6,g*=&0=0')%'*D*%"(%&&%-%"('E*56'(%9%(*4%*P,],''%E*(6>9%'*4%*GS2SE*536-='*4%
>6(6#99%E*'5."%'*>#>9#?,%'E*-6"]%&#%'E*(&#>,"%*=09#(#?,%E*30--%*f*96*F%".(&%E*%(5S
K&U+:Q#-.'+")&$%&<(.,#%&/+D<%&%"&'%X#>&$%&-.&-+:).'+")
<0,&*9%*9%5(%,&*[56&E*"%*9d0,>9#0"'*=6'E*5d%'(*=&%'?,%*(0,C0,&'*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%*?,%*"0,'
"0,'*=96b0"'Ê*5%96*F0"5(#0""%*40"5*,"*=%,*50--%*,"%*>6"4%H=6''6"(%*c*9%'*#"4#56(#0"'
'=6(#69%'*)(6"(*(&.'*&6&%'E*#9*F6,(*$&6#-%"(*6$0#&*9%*50,=*4dr#9*=0,&*9%'*&%=)&%&*q*',&(0,(*%"*5%
?,#*50"5%&"%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*?,#*=%,(*'%*9#&%*q*(%99%*%'(*9d6==&053%*4%*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&*%(
"0,'*#&0"'*46"'*'0"*'%"'*[50--%*%"*()-0#]"%&6*,"*=&0536#"*4)$%90==%-%"(*50"5%&"6"(
'=0&(*%(*$)905#=)4#%^*q*50--%*9%*&)5#(*)=#?,%*4d,"*20,&*4%*Z&6"5%*=9%#"*4%*=)&#=)(#%'*%(*4%
&%>0"4#''%-%"('S
O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/BE*5d%'(*9)].&%-%"(*=9,'*F65#9%*%(*96*53&0"090]#%
'%&6* 96* ',#$6"(%D* (0,(* 4d6>0&4E* #9* /* 6,&6* ,"%* '699%* 4%* 596''%* =,#'* ,"* -,')%* =,#'* 4%'
(&6"53)%'*0o*6,&0"(*9#%,*4%*"0,$%99%'*V.f7I/'(&':5C/*.()98*[6''%u*)90#]")%'*5%=%"46"(
4%* 9d6&(* 4%* B0,&(%9#"%^* c* =9,'* 90#"* '%&6* 40"")%* 9%5(,&%* 4%'* 6-0,&'* 4d756>#* %(* -0"(&)%
9d6]0"#%*4%*+6>6"*q*%"F#"E*0"*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(*&%=)&%&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*5#&?,%*59#"#?,%*[5FS
j* 9d3sss=#(69* ='/53#ppp(&#?,%* kÊ* ,"* &%=6'* 4)9#&6"(* %(* 4%'* &)5#('* 4d6"%540(%'* 3#'(0&#?,%'
9#)%'*f*9d6&(*[=%#"(,&%E*6&(*4&6-6(#?,%^*'%*=&)'%"(6"(*'0,$%"(*50--%*4%'*F6#(*4#$%&'*%(*?,#E
50--%*9%*(3.-%*4%'*655#4%"('*4%*(&6$6#9E*F0"5(#0""%"(*#5#*50--%*4%*$)&#(6>9%'*F#9'*4d7&#6"%
&3)(0&#?,%'S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*#9*/*6*>#%"*'z&*9d,'#"%*-6#'*6,''#*,"%*=96]%*%(*,"*B9,>HI#5n%/
['%*50"F0"46"(*6$%5*9d,'#"%Ê*,"*5#")-6*[=6''6"(*4%'*F#9-'*4%*=&0=6]6"4%*>0,50(#?,%^*,"%
>0,53%*4d6)&6(#0"*[&%''%->96"(*f*,"%*]&0((%Ê*,"*0&69*4,*>65*[&%''%->96"(*f*,"*C%,*()9)$#')Ê
,"%* ')&#%* 4%* 'n%(53%'* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* #"(#(,9%&* j* Z%--%'* f* 96* =0,''%((%* kE* 4d6>',&4%'
-6"r,$&%'*4d%'=#0""6]%E*,"%*6FF#53%*?,#*=6&9%E*,"*>6&E*,"%*(0->096*%(*,"%*(&6]#H50-#?,%
-0"()%*6,*-6(*4%*5056]"%S
UV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
+%*:&;&:$80*4%$#%"4&6*F0,E*'d%->699%&6*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*0o*0"*6''#'(%&6*f*,"%
-,9(#=9#56(#0"*$0#&%*f*,"%*%g=90'#0"*4%'*564&%'E*4%'*'5."%'*%(*4%'*"#$%6,g*c*$0#9f*5%*?,d0"
6,&6*$,*[0,*5&,*$0#&*=6''%&^*f*=6&(#&*4%*9d6==6&#(#0"*4d746-*',&*96*['^5."%*4,*8(64%*4d65(#0"*D
,"*(&#>,"69*#-=#(0/6>9%E*,"%*)509%*%"*F09#%E*,"%*j*40,6"%*4%*40,9%,&*kE*,"%*=965%*4%*$#996]%\
'699%*4%'*Fl(%'E*4%'*C%,g*&,&6,g*\*C%,g*4%*F0&5%E*4%'*6&."%'*0o*50->6((%"(*4%'*]964#6(%,&'
6,(#'(%'E*4%'*'5."%'*4%*56=0%#&6*>,&9%'?,%*%(*-)(6=3/'#?,%E*4%*',&&)69#'(%'*=6/'6]%'*4%
-0"(6]"%E*,"%*'(6(#0"H'%&$#5%*"0--)%*:#40"E*4%'*=09#5#%&'*-0(0&#')'*f*9d6FFz(E*,"*F9%,$%
)(&6"]%*%(*'%'*&#$%'E*9%*>&6?,6]%*6>',&4%*4d,"%*=36&-65#%E*,"%*-%''%*4%'*F0,'E*9d6]0"#%
'6"'*F#"*4%*G%6"*+)0"*:96"5E*,"%*'699%*4%*46"'%E*96*-0&(*j*590,"#?,%*k*4%*G)','E*9%*&64%6,
4%*96*I)4,'%E*,"*0&69*&6()E*,"*(3)p(&%*f*B36&%"(0"E*,"*j*6'#9),-*k*>0->6&4)E*9%*56"6&46]%
4%*O05[\:6"4&,Ê*,"*I0",-%"(*6,g*I0&('*=0,&*96*:%6,()*4,*8=0&(*%(*,"*&%(0,&*f*96*56'%
746-*q*9%'*(3.-%'*&)5,&&%"('*=%&-%((6"(*,"*5%&(6#"*9#6"(*)(6"(*40"5*#5#*9%*'=0&(E*9%'*9#'(%'E
96*$#(%''%*%(*96*5&,6,()*q*?,6"(*6,*-0(*5#-%"(*[0"*6*$,*?,%*"0,'*9,#*6$#0"'*=&)F)&)*9%*(%&-%
9#6"(Ê*0"*'d6=%&b0#(*#5#*?,d#9*%'(*6,*F0"4*4)=965)*(6"(*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,d#9*#-=9#?,%*,"%*F0&-%*6"(#H
"0$6&#"#%""%*4%*&#]#4#()E*4d#--0>#9#()S
+%* C%,* '%* 569-%* ,"* =%,* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' (&/' .8$?.#AE* 9%* :&$7?97$;* )(6"(* 5%((%* F0#'
9d64&%''%* 6,g* 6"#-6,gE* 6,g* 56#990,gE* f* O#%,* %(* 6,g* j* 530'%'* 4,* (69,'* k* [-6#'* 6,''#* 4%'
'0,$%"#&'*'5096#&%'*%(*96*-0&(*4d,"*]&6"4H=.&%^*c*?,6"(*6,*564&%*])")&69E*5d%'(*,"%*F0&l(*F6#(%
4%*"0-'*4d0#'%6,gS*7*9d#-6]%*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*F&'/#$/*%(*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/
'%&0"(*4%'*r,$&%'*=9,'*6g)%'*',&*9%*C%*c*46"'*F&'/#$/E*#9*/*6*D*9d30--%*f*'6*F%"l(&%*9d30--%
46"'*96*&,%*q*46"'*,"*j*<&#',*k*['#5Ê*46"'*,"%*&6-%*4%*-)(&0E*f*96*'(6(#0"H'%&$#5%E*%(5S*qE*9%
53%&53%,&H%"H$6#"H4%H-)(#%&'H'(6>9%'E*9d30--%*?,#*"%*$0#(*?,%*4,*$#4%E*9d30--%*(%"()*=6&
9%*',#5#4%E*9d30--%*?,#*F6#(*&%(0,&*f*6,(&,#E*9d30--%*?,#*'%*&)50"5#9#%*6$%5*96*"6(,&%*%(E*$8
E$8&B*9d30--%*'%*&%9%$6"(*46"'*96*]90#&%*50-#?,%*4,*(%-='*?,#*=6''%*%(*4%*9d%"(&0=#%*c*%(
46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*5d%'(*,"*=%,*9%*-l-%*(/=%*4d,"#()*6$%5*,"%*'0&(%*4d#"'(6>9%
F#],&%*0&=3#?,%*?,#*53%&53%*5%*?,d0"*"%*=%,(*(&0,$%&*%(*4%-6"4%*f*6,(&,#E*6,g*530'%'*0,
f*96*>0#''0"*4%*9d6#4%&*46"'*5%((%*?,l(%*6>',&4%S
O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*E*9%*5#-%"(*'%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*C0/%,'%-%"(*&3)(0&#?,%*[5FS
96*-6"]%&#%\=6&9%&#%E*9%*5#&?,%*%(*9%'*9#'(%'*&0>0&6(#$%'^*q*$(&?*=0,&*9%'*=#.5%'*?,#*',#$%"(*D
)$09,(#0"* =6&F0#'* #"?,#)(6"(%* 4dJ0-0* '6=#%"'* 4%=,#'* 746-* %(* K$%E* 0-"#=&)'%"5%* 4%* 96
()9)$#'#0"E* (%"(6(#0"* 4,* ',#5#4%E* 5&p"%* %(* 50&4%E* =6''6]%* %(\0,* >,()%E* 0=)&%((%* =09#(#?,%E
=&)055,=6(#0"'*)5090]#?,%'E*)(6(*%(*6$%"#&*=0''#>9%*4%*96*Z&6"5%E*%(5S
<0,&*96*(0,(%*4%&"#.&%*=#.5%*)$0?,)%*#5#E*M0$6&#"6*&%"0,%*6$%5*9%*]%"&%*)=#?,%*["0,'
F6#'0"'* >#%"* 'z&* 699,'#0"* f* 456*7&' $8*988#^* D* 'd#9* /* %'(* ,"* =%,* ?,%'(#0"* 4,* =6'')\* =6''#F
'5096#&%*4%*9d6,(%,&E*5d%'(*',&(0,(*9%*=6'')*3#'(0&#?,%*q*4%*9d30--%E*4,*(3)p(&%E*4%'*#4)%'*%(
4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*q*?,#*'%&6*50"$0?,)%*',&*'5."%E*-6"#.&%*'=9%"4#4%*%(*%FF#565%*4%*50"(&%&
I6".'* %(* :0,50(E* 9%'* j* I653#"%'* f* 4#&%* `0#5#\96* ',#(%* k* %(* ,"%* 5%&(6#"%* &)'#]"6(#0"* F65%
f* 5%* ?,d%'(* 4%$%",* j* +dJ0--%* 4%* 805#%(* kS* B%* '%"(#-%"(E* 0"* =0,$6#(* 9%* '%"(#&* =0#"4&%
46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*=&)5)4%"(%'*-6#'*#5#E*9%*=&0=0'*%'(*(0,(*6,(&%*D*746-*4)=6''%&6*(0,(*5%96E
'%->9%*=&%'?,%*"0,'*=&0-%((&%*9d6,(%,&*[$0#&%*D*#9*"d6*=6'*4#(*'0"*4%&"#%&*-0(*c*9d3#'(0#&%*"0,'
9d%"'%#]"%*D*#9*'d%'(*(0,C0,&'*&%9%$)E*'6*-0&(*6""0"5)%*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#%^S*Bd%'(*9f*,"*-%''6]%
=0'#(#F* %(* 0=(#-#'(%* -6#'* =%,(Hl(&%* ,(0=#'(%E* 746-E* 5%'* (%-='H5#* [5d%'(* 5%* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(
0==0'%&*f*9d6,(%,&Ê*'%*50"F0"46"(*(0,(*4%*-l-%*>%6,50,=*6$%5*j*+dJ0--%*4%*805#%(*kE
,"*4%$%"#&H&0>0(*[$0#&%*6"4&0>0(^*)(6"(*%"50&%*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()S*K"*F6#(E*M0$6&#"6*4#(
=%,(Hl(&%*6,(&%*530'%*D*'#*9d30--%*"d%'(*=6'*]&6"4E*#9*9d)(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*6$6"(E*-6#'*50--%*9%
'0,'H%"(%"4*6''%u*9,5#4%-%"(*96*:#>9%*D*b6*"d6*=6'*4,&)*>#%"*90"](%-='*c*#9*F6,4&6#(*&%(&0,$%&
5%((%*]&6"4%,&*#"#(#69%*q*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*F65#9%S
LA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
M0(&%*)(,4%*%'(*=0,&(6"(*>#%"*(&0=*$6],%*%(*"0(&%*6==&053%*53&0"090]#?,%*4%*5365,"%
4%'*=#.5%'E* =6'*6''%u*F0,#99)%S*O%*=9,'E* 50--%* 0"* 9%* $%&&6* =9,'* 90#"* E* 96* 4)9#-#(6(#0"* 4%
(%&&6#"*50"5%&"%*',&(0,(*9%'*-0('*%,gH-l-%'*56&*#9*'%->9%*?,%*5%*'0#(*',&(0,(*f*=6&(#&*4d%,gE
9%'*-0('E*?,%*'%*50"'(&,#'%"(*9%'*9#$&%'*4%*5%*(&6$%&')*=6&*96*=6&09%*?,d%'(*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
RK&A/4*/"%&%(&*)(&B)1(&+&$%-&4*1(%-&'P1/&"*/")%&$#0231%
RKOK&J#)()*2(&'%&$P*1(%1)&%/&'%)/2%)&'%&$*&"$*--%
RKOKOK&,%&"*-&%Q"1-*B$%&'%&$*&4*1(%&$#0231%
K$0?,)*5#H6$6"(E*9%*")0HF&6"b6#'E*?,d#9*'0#(*?,)"#%"*0,*"0$6&#"#%"E*&%"$0#%*6,''#*6,g*F6,(%'
'0,$%"(*50--#'%'*=6&*9%'*%"F6"('*?,#*j*6==&%""%"(*9%'*>p(0"'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@L1^S*K"*>0"
j*B6"5&%*|=6&5%*?,%}*+0]#?,%*k*50"'#4)&6"(*%"*=&%-#%&*9#%,*9%*=9,&#%9*4%*5%&(6#"'*-0('E*9%
=%&'0""6]%*=0,&&6*4)4,#&%*D*j*,"*6"#-6,*k*[OS`SE*=S*1WW^S*R9*"%*'d6]#(*=6'*9f*4d,"%*'#-=9%
F#],&%*4%*'(/9%*-6#'*4d,"*56'*?,#*=%,(*'%*&%"50"(&%&*46"'*96*&)69#()*D*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(E*5d%'(
9d#"$%&'%*[j*9%'*53%$69'*k^*?,#*'%*=&04,#(*-6#'*9%*=9,&#%9*50"'#4)&)*%"*=&#0&#()*=6&*9d%"F6"(
=%,(*)]69%-%"(*l(&%*56,'%*4%*F6,(%'*90]#?,%'*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*(%9*%"F6"(*=6&9%&6*4%*j*96
u#],6"%*kE*=6&*%g%-=9%*[$0#&%*e4d,"%*u#],6"%eÊ*f*56,'%*4%*96*9#6#'0"*%"(%"4,%*46"'*e9%'
#],6"%'e*%(*40"5*4,*=9,&#%9S
O%*-l-%E*9d%"F6"(*F6,(#F*"0$6&#"#%"*6*'6"'*40,(%*e644#(#0""%&e*f*9d%'=&#(*?,6"4*#9*)5&#(
j* '0,'(&65(#0""%&* k* [`SaSE* =S* TX^S* O6"'* 96* j* 536"'0"* #4#0(* k* [+SISE* =S* WU@Ê* #9* 50""6w(* 9%
-0(*e#4#0(e*=0,&*9d6$0#&*=%,(Hl(&%*%"(%"4,*46"'*e6#&*#4#0(e*-6#'*"%*&)69#'%*=6'*?,d6''05#)*f
j*536"'0"*kE*5d%'(*e#4#0(%e*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*4#&%S*O6"'*j*#]"6&4%*k*[#"*;SRSÊ*#]"6&%*%'(*F)-#"#')%
-6#'*#]"6&%*',FF#'6#(*[0"*'d%"F0"5%*=0,&(6"(*46"'*9d%&&%,&*%"*6C0,(6"(*j*C%*4#'*>#%"*$08.)(&*k^S
a,6"(* f* j* 65(0&%''%* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* @XVÊ* 5d%'(* ,"* =%"46"(* 90]#?,%* f* 405(0&%''%S* <0,&* 96
j* 'r,&* %)9%)&* f* )$&88&* k* 4%* 456*7&' $8*988#* [=S* VAÊ* 0"* 'd%'(* %"50&%* -0"(&)* 90]#?,%* %"
F)-#"#'6"(*=&0=&%*f*&#%"S
<0,&* j* =6&50,&%&* 9dR"4%* k* [+SISE* =S* WATÊ* 96* F6,(%* 'd%g=9#?,%* %"50&%* D* =6&50,&6#(E
=6&50,&6#%"(*%(*=6&50,&%u*'%*4#'%"(*-6#'*=6'*j*=6&50,&%&*kS*<0,&*j*4%$#%"4&%*k*[GSNSE*=S*UTÊ
"0(&%*56"5&%*%'(*=6&(#*4,*F,(,&*%(\0,*4,*50"4#(#0""%9*%(E*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*"0,'*'0--%'
%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*#"F#"#(#F*90]#?,%*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*86530#&*k*[GSNSE*=S*@A^*?,#E*9,#E*=&05.4%*4,
',>C0"5(#FS* B6&* %"F#"E* 9%'* F6,(%'* %"F6"(#"%'* =%,$%"(* 6,''#* 50"5%&"%&* 96* 50"C,]6#'0"* 40"(
9d6==&%"(#''6]%E*4%*F6#(E*=0'%*=6&F0#'*=&0>9.-%*D*j*?,%*"0,'*6'=6&#''#0"'*k*[7S`SE*=S*@W1Ê
j*#9*4)'0>)#''6*k*[OS`SE*=S*@WVÊ*j*`0,'*-0,&&%&%u*k*[OS`SE*=S*TVÊ*j*#9*(0,C0,&'*$0,96*k*[OS`SE
=S*@XAÊ*j*B6=#(6#"%*M#(#%"4&%*$6H(H#9*$#%"4&%*h*k*[;SNSE*=S*@TVÊ*%(5S
RKOKRK&Y*/24%-(%&%/4*/(2/&:#1)&1/&e%-"<%)%$$%&)%92-2(E
K&@&=.:<'%'&B
R5#*=0,&(6"(E*0"*"%*'%*50"(%"(%*=6'*4%*50"F0"4&%*%(*4%*-)96"]%&*9%'*(%-='*D*0"*%"*#"$%"(%
4d6,(&%'*50--%*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'[=S*@LW^* 6$%5* 9%* j* =#&%* ?,%* =6'')* kE* 9%* j* =&%'?,%
=%&4,*k*%(*9%*j*=9,'*?,d6((%"4,*kS*7*96*=6]%*@LLE*#9*/*6*6,''#*9%*j*F,(,&*=6&F6#(*kE*%(*9%*j*=9,'*?,%
=&)'%"(*kE*9%*=9,'*6-,'6"(*4%*5%'*(%-='*#-6]#"6#&%'*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*j*-0#"'*?,%*=&)'%"(*k
?,#*&%"$0#%*6,*'(6(,(*4,*4%&"#%&*4%*596''%E*6''#'*=&.'*4,*&64#6(%,&*%(*&%]6&46"(*9%'*0#'%6,g
q*#5#E*50--%"(*"%*=6'*'0"]%&*f*<&)$%&(*%(*6,*56"5&%*4%*-.)9:&/*h*B6"5&%&E*4d6#99%,&'E*%'(
#5#*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*-)(#%&*=,#'?,%E*46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*5d%'(*9%
=&%-#%&*-0(*4d,"%*')&#%*4d65(#$#()'*?,#E*=0,&*5%&(6#"%'E*'%->9%"(*=&0F%''#0""%99%'S*+d64C%5(#F
L@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
e#-6]#"6#&%'e* "d%'(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* #40#"%* =0,&* ?,69#F#%&* 9%'* (%-='* #")4#('* =&0=0')'* =6&
9d6,(%,&*D*#9'*'0"(*',&(0,(*=0(%"(#%99%-%"(*=9,'*=&)5#'*?,%*9%'*(%-='*0FF#5#%9'E*9%***j*4)'096(#F*k
=6&* %g%-=9%* ?,#* ',]].&%* ,"%* =96#"(%* %(* 9%* j* &0>0&6(#F* k* ?,#* 6,&6#(* 50--%* 9%* =0,$0#&* 4%
&%50"'(#(,%&E*%(5S
j* `0,'* ?,#* 36>#(%u* 9%* (%-='* k* ['6"'* 40,(%* 9%'* 30--%'E* 5%'* 6"#-6,g* 4,* (%-='E
50"'5#%"('*4%*9d3#'(0#&%E*%(5SÊ*"%*'%&6#(H5%*=6'*6,''#*e`0,'*?,#*l(%'*46"'*9%'*(%-='e*%(*?,#E
50--%*4#(*8%"]30&E*j*4)59#"%u*96*&0'%*k*h*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*5%*&%96(#F*&%F,'*4,*(%-='*64-#'
%(*0FF#5#%9*[%"*(6"(*?,%*F#],&6"(*46"'*9%*<&/*+&)&::&^*'%*&%(&0,$%*'0,$%"(*53%u*9d6,(%,&*?,#E
=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(E*$6*%"*53%&53%&*4d6,(&%'*46"'*'0"*#-6]#"6(#0"*q*46"'*'0"*%"F6"5%*h*;"
6''#'(%*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*5%((%*r,$&%*f*,"%*'0&(%*4%*50,&'*4%*50"C,]6#'0"*4d,"*]%"&%*(0,(*f
F6#(*=6&(#5,9#%&*D
L’antépositif s’accorde en nombre au genre de la préposition que son verbe
complémente ; au mode équilatif, tant qu’au dépréciatif, le régime du sujet reste
blanc. Dites les six modes qui sont : L’optionnel, le didactif, le subodoratif,
l’injonctif, l’inactif, le dodécationnel. Séparatif est le mode de séparation ;
l’optionnel est le mode de l’option. Seize temps sont quand il en est encore
temps : le présent lointain, le futur avancé, l’inactif présent, le désactif passé, le
plus-que-présent, son projectif passé, le passé postérieur, le pire que passé, le
jamais possible, le futur achevé, le passé terminé, le possible antérieur, le futur
postérieur, le plus-que-perdu, l’achevatif, l’attentatif. (V.Q., p. 19).
QQ
B0--%"(6"(* 5%* =6''6]%* 46"'* j* +6* <6&09%* )596()%* k E* 799%"* 8S* ‚%#''* =&0=0'%* 5%
4)$%90==%-%"(**D
N’avons-nous pas besoin d’un nombre infini de temps et de modes grammaticaux
nouveaux, aussi variés que les possibilités rhétoriques que l’on redécouvre
aujourd’hui grâce à la linguistique théorique ? Ces aberrations révèlent la folie
de l’imagination, la manifestation des différences in extremis. Chaque monstre
vocal ayant une structure totalement idiosyncrasique, de nouveaux modèles
grammaticaux, rhétoriques et poétiques sont nécessaires pour décrire ces modes
discursifs irréguliers, excentriques, hétéromorphes.
+d%g=90'#0"*4%'*(%-='*#5#*)$0?,)*50"(&#>,%*6,''#*f*>6>)9#'%&*%"50&%*=9,'*9%*F&6"b6#'*(%9*?,%
(&6$6#99)*%(*-#'*%"*'5."%*=6&*9d6,(%,&*=,#'?,%E*0,(&%*9%'*4#69%5(%'*%(*9%'*#'09%5(%'E*#9*F6,(*6,''#
50-=(%&*6$%5*9%'*#4#09%5(%'*%(*9d#4#0'/"5&6'#%*4%'*'(&,5(,&%'*4%*j*536?,%*-0"'(&%*$0569*kE
=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*9%'*(%&-%'*4d799%"*8S‚%#''S*a,6"(*f*96*50"C,]6#'0"*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%E*5d%'(E
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S@V@Ê*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*56(6'(&0=3%*50-#?,%*D
J’ai véviendu ; je voluiri ; nous vorinsses : il abafallu que nous visîmes…
Que je vinque ou que tu vévoluisses, nous visûmes peu : non-non-non, nous
ne volindrûmes plus vilissuir ! mais il vélinzivolu voudre ce que nous nous
vilainssions qu’il vile… Lorsque nous vélinssu ce que tu vinzules, nous
ne sapûmes d’aucune façon ce qu’il véluvissait visiendre de ce que nous
vévoulûmes : nous voluivicissions fuir tout ce que l’ombre de nous-mêmes
voudrasse.
R9*%'(*$&6#*?,%*(0,'*5%'*(%-='*%g#'(%"(*=%,(Hl(&%E*-6#'*690&'*46"'*96*?,6(&#.-%*4#-%"'#0"
"0$6&#"#%""%*q*%(*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*46"'*9%*<&/*+&)&::&*c*9d6-,'6"(E*5d%'(*?,d#9*/*6*50--%
4%'*&%'(%'*4%*&%'=%5(E*4%'*'50&#%'*'5096#&%'*q*'#"0"E*#9*"d/*6,&6#(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*4%*'*f*j*(,
QQ
**799%"*8S*‚%#''E*j*+6*=6&09%*)596()%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@LLS
L1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
$)$09,#''%'* k* "#* 4d655%"(* 5#&50"F9%g%* [5FS* #-=6&F6#(* 4,* ',>C0"5(#F^* f* j* $#'w-%'* k* 46"'* j* #9
6>6F69,*?,%*"0,'*$#'w-%'*kE*%(5S
K&L.&X'*#>>%&$#&>#H_*:<"+X
<&)5#'0"'*?,%*5%((%*#"56=65#()*&)43#>#(0#&%*f*50"C,],%&*50&&%5(%-%"(*%(*f*'%*=9#%&*6,g*&.]9%'
%"'%#]")%'*46"'*9%'*)509%'*50&&%'=0"4*',&(0,(*f*,"%*$090"()*9#(()&6#&%*[$0#&%*%'(3)(#?,%^S
;&E*5%((%*$090"()*"%*50"5%&"%*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*?,%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*%(*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O
:&' 7&?%/* %(* 5d%'(* 6#"'#* ?,%* 46"'*F&' /#$/* [=S* @TWÊ* 0"* (0->%&6* ',&* j* I6* $#%* '%* =6''6#(* f
590,4&%*k*q-6#'*5%96*4#(E*#9*'%*=%,(*?,d,"*$%&>%*50--%*j*590,4&%*k*"%*50&&%'=0"4%*=6'
4,*(0,(*f*5%9,#*[5FS*590,%&^*6,?,%9*0"*=%"'%*6''%u*90]#?,%-%"(S*20,C0,&'*46"'*F&'/#$/E*0"
9#&6*j*C%*-%*&)=6"4#''6#'*=6&(0,(*k*[=S*@1@^*E*%(*46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*D*j*C%*-%
&)C0,#''#'*k*[=S*LA^S*<0,&(6"(E*90&'?,d#9*%'(*4#(*j*C%*kE*96*F6,(%*"0$6&#"#%""%*96*=9,'*50,&6"(%
&%'(%*96*(%&-#"6#'0"*%"*j*6*k*6,*9#%,*4%*j*6#*k*[5FS*3,&96E*6996E*%(5S^*c*=0,&*j*5&#-%&*kE*96*F6,(%
%'(*40,>9%*56&E*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*96*j*B&#-)%*kE*9%*$%&>%*5&#-%&*k*"d%g#'(%*=6'S
O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&E* 9%* $%&>%* j* '6530#&* k* &%''%->9%* f* ,"* ')530#&* c* %(* 46"'* ,"%
-l-%*=3&6'%*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*"0,'*=0,&&0"'*9#&%*j*40&-#p-%'*kE*j*5&6#]",'*kE
j*$#9#''#0"'*kE*j*=&)F)&6-,*kE*50--%*,"%*)",-)&6(#0"*50-#?,%*0o*(0,'*9%'*(%-='*'%->9%"(
'dl(&%*40"")'*&%"4%uH$0,'S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*=#.5%*)]69%-%"(*50"5%&")%*=6&*96*F6,(%
[5FS*j*Cd6#*|t}*'6#]",*-6*-.&%*kE*=S*1@Ê*9%*&s9%*4,*56"5&%*%'(*50"F#)*f*(&.'*]&6"4*65(%,&
-)50"",E*I6",%9*+%*+#.$&%E*?,#*6,&6*=,*"0,'*F6#&%*'0"]%&*f*B36&9#%*B36=9#"*c*5d%'(*?,df*,"
-0-%"(*40"")E*#9*$6*6,*=#?,%(*50--%*B36&90(*=6&(6"(*f*=%(#('*=6'*%(*655%=(6"(*'0"*4%'(#"
f*96*F#"*4%*5%&(6#"'*F#9-'E*96*'5."%*)(6"(*f*96*F0#'*4&s9%*%(*$6],%-%"(*)-0,$6"(%*56&*5d%'(
(0,(*f*F6#(*&)'#]")*?,d#9*%"40''%*9%*'(/]-6(%S
7,(&%* '5."%* (0&46"(%* [(0,C0,&'* 46"'* 456*7&' $8*988#^* D* 5%99%* 0o* 9%* 56"5&%* [?,#* %'(
90#"* 4dl(&%* ,"* 56$%^* '%* &%>#FF%* %"* 50"C,],6"(* "d#-=0&(%* 50--%"(* 50--%* 4d36>#(,4%* f* 96
4#FF)&%"5%*=&.'*?,%*5%((%*F0#'H5#E*#9*&%b0#(*50"(&%*(0,(%*6((%"(%*[#9*"d%"*&%$#%"(*=6'*9,#H-l-%^
9%'*F)9#5#(6(#0"'*4,*G,&/*c*9%*=9,'*4&s9%E*5d%'(*?,%*96*-6"#.&%*40"(*#9*50"C,],%*%'(*$&6#-%"(
=6&F6#(%-%"(* 6>%&&6"(%* %(* =%,(Hl(&%* -l-%* %"50&%* =9,'* ?,%* 4d36>#(,4%E* 5%* ?,#* &%"4* 96
&)65(#0"*4,*-6w(&%*#"5&0/6>9%-%"(*#"6((%"4,%*D*5d%'(*,"*%FF%(*50-#?,%*(&.'*'z&*?,#*F#(*5&0,9%&
4%*&#&%*9%*=,>9#5*4%*96*B0,&*4dJ0""%,&S
I6#'*"0(0"'*40"5*#5#*5%&(6#"%'*0=(#0"'*50"C,]6(0#&%'*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*'6$0,&%,'%'*[(0,(
%"*=&)5#'6"(*>#%"*?,d#5#*96*56"5&#(,4%*%'(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*6&(#'(#?,%E*%'(3)(#?,%*%(*#"$%"(#$%^*D
#9* '%->9%* %"* %FF%(* ?,d0"* %"&#53#''%* 9%'* $%&>%'* 5&0#&%E* 590&%E* 50,4&%E* 5&0w(&%* %(* 590,%&* 4%'
-0('*59)*[5FS*j*%,'HC%*59)',*kÊ*596,4#56(#0"*0,*596,',9%*[5FS*j*#9*-%*596,4,96*k^*$0#&%*$)90*%(
8#?&)#/'*:.#/#/*[5FS*j*Cd$)9,590','*k^S*+6*50"C,]6#'0"*4,*$%&>%*40,9%,&*['#5^*'%&6*)]69%-%"(
9d0>C%(*4d,"%*$6&#6(#0"*#"()&%''6"(%*D*9%*4%,#9*/*%'(*=&)'%"(*[5FS*j*4%,#99,*kE*j*4%,#99%&0,*kÊ
56,'%*=0''#>9%*4%*96*40,9%,&*4,*C%S
a,6"(*f*96*4)59#"6#'0"*4%*96*j*9#'(%*4,*=0(,&,*3,-6#"*kE*%99%*4)>0,53%*[=S*UX^*',&*4%'
F0&-%'*=9,'*?,%*>#u6&&%'*(%99%'*?,%*j*=0'(3,-,&]%'*k*[0o*9d0"*%"(%"4*-,&]%*%(*<0'(3,-,'Ê
j*=0(,&,-,''%'*k*[0o*9d0"*%"(%"4*3,-,'E*=0(#&0"*%(*<0"(6-0,''0"Ê*j*=0,(&6''#0"'*k*%(
j*=0,(&690,=)'*k*[0o*9d0"*%"(%"4*=0,(&%*6==6&%"(%*%(*90,=)Ê*j*=&)',-=0(,&]%'*k*[0o*9d0"
%"(%"4*=0(6]%E*,&]%"5%*%(*=&)',-%&^S*7,*F0"4E*5d%'(*9%*4%'(#"*4%*9d30--%*?,#*%'(*#5#*&)',-)*D
6=&.'*(0,(%*5%((%*%6,*?,%*"0,'*>)>)&0"'*[5FS*j*>)>)&#z-%'*k^*50--%*0"*(.(%*4,*96#(*%(*4%
5%*=6#"*?,%*"0,'*-6530,#996-0,''0"'*[5FS*j*-6530,#996-,''%'*kÊ*0"*=6''%*(&.'*$#(%*f*,"
6,(&%*)(6(*=,#'?,d0"*4)5.4%*4%*96*$#%*%"*96*4)5)4#6-0,''6"(*[5FS*j*4)5)4#p-%'*k^*f*56,'%
4%* 5%((%* -0&(* #-=9656>9%* ?,#* "0,'* F6#(* 3)96'* -0,&#6''%&* [5FS* j* -0,&#6'''%'* k^S* <0,&(6"(E
>%99%*50"'096(#0"*D*,"%*F0#'*'0&(#*4%*96*j*=&#'0"*3,-6#"%*k*['6"'*40,(%*9%*50&='Ê*0"*=%,(
[?,6"4*0"*%'(*-0&(^*50--%"5%&*f*$#$&%*64*$#(69p-%*%(%&"#6-*[5FS*j*$#(69p-%'*k^*56&*=0,&*5%
LQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
?,#*%'(*4%*96*$#%*D*96*$#(69p-0"'H"0,'*$)5,%*h*B%*"d%'(*=6'*'z&S*I6#'*=0,&*?,%*4)>,(%*5%((%
$#%*=0'(3,-%E*#9*F6,(*,&]%--%"(*=0'(,9%&E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*=0'(3,-,&]%&S
G,'(%*6=&.'*[0,*=&%'?,%Ê*(60{'(%-%"(E*0"*%"536w"%*',&*,"*%g%&5#5%*4%*50"C,]6#'0"
=6&F6#(%-%"(*&),''#*[5d%'(*9d3/-"%*f*:%'53%&%99%*4%'*=6]%'*UUHULHUVE*%(*?,#*F6#(*4#&%*f*96
I653#"%*f*F6#&%*9d30--%*D*j*Gd6#*96*F&0,''%*4,*',>C0"5(#F*k^*D*9d6,(%,&*$0,4&6#(H#9*4#''#=%&*9%'
6->#],#()'*%(*"0,'*-0"(&%&*?,d#9*"d%'(*=6'*'#*56"5&%*?,%*5%96*h*Bd%'(*=0''#>9%*-6#'*"0,'
6$#0"'*4)Cf*50-=&#'*?,%*5d%'(*f*,"*!56"5&%*%(\0,*f*,"*!&9,56"5&%*?,%*"0,'*6$#0"'*6FF6#&%
%(*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*'#(,#0"'*46"'*,"%*'=3.&%*(0,(%*=6(6=3/'#?,%*S*B%96*4#(E*96*50"C,]6#'0"
50&&%5(%*%'(*50-#?,%*6,''#*D*79=30"'%*7996#'*9d6$6#(*50-=&#'*?,#E*%"*=&)5,&'%,&*4%*M0$6&#"6E
'%* =&l(6* f* 9d%g%&5#5%E* &),''#''6"(E* 9,#E* f* * 56'%&* 46"'* ,"%* F#"%* %(* 6-,'6"(%* >9?%:.$87&
.?9#)&#/&*j*=9z(%'*kE*j*&%bz(%'*kE*j*'z(%'*kE*j*9z(%'*kE*j*=z(%'*k*[%(*-l-%E*$%&'*96*F#"*D
j*$#''%*kE*j*=9,''#%u*kE*j*(,''#%u*kE*j*6#-6''%*kE*j*4)'%'=)&6''#%u*kE*j*-d0=#"#p(&6''%*kE
j*#409p(&6''%*k*%(*j*-d6''6''#"6''#%u*k^S
RKOKUK&[&;#1(&N%1/%.&NP*2&'E"2'E&'PE"<#1%)&\
<0,&* "0,'* 6==,/%&* ,"* =%,* [,"%* F0#'* "d%'(* =6'* 50,(,-%^* ',&* 96* >#0]&6=3#%* ["0,'* F6#'0"'
QW
699,'#0"*6,*(&6$6#9*6550-=9#*=6&*PSGS*869$/*=0,&*9%'*)4#(#0"'*B0&(# Ê*#9*F6,4&6#(*(0,(*4%*-l-%
=&)5#'%&*?,d%"F6"(E*9d6,(%,&*)=&0,$6#(*'%->9%H(H#9*,"%*&%96(#$%*4#FF#5,9()*q*0,*=%,(Hl(&%*)(6#(H
5%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*&%F,'*#"50"'5#%"(E*4d6"6&53#%*q*f*&%=&04,#&%*,"%*5%&(6#"%*9%((&%E*-6#'*=6'
"d#-=0&(%*96?,%99%*D*j*B09.&%*4,*=.&%*690&'*?,%*'0"*F#9'*%'(*#"56=6>9%*4d)5&#&%*9%*O*-6C,'5,9%
46"'*,"%*4#5()%*0o*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*4%*O#%,S*k*q*4)Cf*[5d)(6#(*%"*@VX@Ê*9d%"F6"(*`69.&%*[$0,96"(
=%,(Hl(&%*'#]"#F#%&*=6&H9f*?,%*O#%,*%'(*=%(#(^*&%]#->%*[5&#(#?,6"(*<6'569*=6&*6#99%,&'^*%(*5%
"d%'(*?,d,"*4)>,(*H*#9*50"(#",%&6*9%*50->6(*['0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"%*r,$&%*C0,)%*%(*=,>9#)%^S
8#*9d0"*'d%"*&)F.&%*f*5%((%*>#0]&6=3#%*(%99%-%"(*4&s9%*=6&*-0-%"('*[%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%
5%&(6#"'*4)(6#9'*%(*6"%540(%'^*?,d%99%*'%->9%*=&)'%"(%&*4%'*)9)-%"('*4%*(/=%*56",96&%'?,%E
0"*'%*&%"4*50-=(%*?,%*96*56"5&#(,4%E*(0,(%*&%96(#$%*#5#E*)(6#(*,"*=%,*9%*=&0=&%*4%*9d%"F6"(*?,%
F,(*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[j*@VXX*D*K'(*-#'*46"'*96*&6"])%*4%'*56"5&%'E*%(*9d#"'(#(,(&#5%E*?,#*'d%'(
F6#(*(%#"4&%*9%'*53%$%,g*%"*>9%,E*&%F,'%*4%*9%*=&)'%"(%&*f*9d%g6-%"*4d%"(&)%*%"*'#g#.-%S*R9*'d/
=&)'%"(%*'%,9*%(*'%&6*&%b,*=&%-#%&*k*c*?,6(&%*6"'*6$6"(*D*j*<&#g*4%*F&6"b6#'*k*\*j*N%b,*4%&"#%&
',&*(&0#'*5%"('*56"4#46('*6,*:SKS<SBSk^S*7,(&%*%g%-=9%*4%*=6&640g%*6==6&%"(*D*j*<&%-#%&
QX
=&#g*4%*56()53#'-%S*I6#'*&%F,'%*4%*'d6]%"0,#99%&*=%"46"(*96*-%''%*k S
+%*&%F,'*%'(*%"50&%*=&)'%"(*46"'*4%'*055,&&%"5%'*>#0]&6=3#?,%'*50--%*j*#9*=&)F.&%
|t}*C0,%&*6$%5*9%'*F#99%'*%(*4)(%'(%*9%*'=0&(*k*[=S*QXQÊ*j*B0--,"#0"*'09%""%99%*4%*F0&5%*k*[=S
QXW^*0,*%"50&%*j*+#(*9%'*-&8/I&/*4%*<6'569*%(*%"*)5&#(*,"%*&)F,(6(#0"*',&*,"*56&"%(*$%&(
?,%*9%'*)9.$%'*(%"(%"(*4%*9,#*4)&0>%&*k*[=S*QXW^S*;&E*5%((%*90]#?,%*4%*&%F,'*'%*&%(&0,$%*(0,(
"6(,&%99%-%"(*46"'*9dr,$&%*q*%(*9d6,(%,&*'%*'%&(*-l-%E*f*9d0556'#0"E*4,*"0-*4%*'%'*6"5#%"'
QT
=&0F%''%,&'*[5%*?,#*%'(*,"%*4)-6&53%*(&.'*C6&&/?,%^*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*I646-%*<#"053%(
* * 4%$#%"(* -6"#F%'(%-%"(* ,"* 30--%* [j* <#"%E* (,* >6"4%'* k* m^* 46"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/E*=&%,$%*"0,$%99%*4%*9d#-=0&(6"5%*=0,&*9,#*4%'*'0,$%"#&'*'5096#&%'*%(*&%9#]#%,gS
B%* ?,#* '%->9%* )$#4%"(E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 5%* "%* '0"(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* 4%* (&.'* >0"'* '0,$%"#&'* c* %"
(0,'*56'E*9d#"'(#(,(#0"*'5096#&%*%(*(0,(*5%*?,d%99%*#-=9#?,%E*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*-0"(&)%*'0,'
,"*C0,&*F6$0&6>9%*D*j*a,6"4*Cd)(6#'*%"F6"(*-6#"(%",*4%*F0&5%*%"*=%"'#0"E*C%*-6"]%6#*4%*96
=%"'#0""64%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@X^S*+%*=96(*"d6*=6'*9d6#&*&6]0z(6"(SSS
QW
**PSGS*869$/E*j*`#%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*QX1S
QX
**3=$(E*=S*QX1S
QT
**3=$(E*=S*QX1S
LW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
85."%*&6==%96"(*=6&*5%&(6#"'*5s()'*4.'4&b98*4%*R0"%'50*[j*+6*=3#9090]#%*%'(*,"*5&#-%*k
)(6"(*,"%*=3&6'%*?,6'#-%"(*&%=&#'%*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#Ê*0"*&%(&0,$%&6*46"'*F&'/#$/*96
'#(,6(#0"*596''#?,%*4%*9d)9.$%*C,])*%(*4,*(6>9%6,*"0#&*[?,#*4%$#%"(*9%*j*(6>9%6,*>965n*k*f*96
=6]%*WL*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/g*D*j*96*5&6#%*&)=0"4#''6#(*4d%99%H-l-%*?,d#9*"d%'(*=6'
4%*")6"(S*<3&6'%*?,%*C%*(&6"'F0&-6#'*%"*23)0&.-%*4%*I0#*D*eq*M,9*")6"(*?,#*'0#(*=6'eS*I6#'
96*5&6#%*-%*(0->6*4%'*>&6'*%(*Cd%,'*u)&0'*f*96*',#(%*4%*5%'*-0('*k*[GS8SE*=S*@U1^S*7''%u
=6&640g69%-%"(E*96*F#],&%*4,*B6"5&%*90]#?,%*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*=%&'0""6]%*4%
+6*P&6--6#&%*46"'*F&'/#$/S*a,6"(*6,g*>,99%(#"'*4%*"0(%'E*#9'*'%&0"(*50--%*#-=9#5#(%-%"(
=6&04#)'*46"'*j*Cd6==&#'*?,%*Cd6$6#'*e(&.'*>#%"e*%"*=6''#0"*-6#'*?,d%"*65(#0"*Cd6$6#'*(0,(
F6,gS*k*[`SaSE*=S*U@^*c*>&%FE*9%*>#96"*%'(*56(6'(&0=3#?,%*[j*7*9d%g6-%"*4%'*'%"(#-%"('*3,-6#"'E
Cd6#*F#"#*>0"*4%&"#%&*kE*%(5S^S
RKOKVK&,*&Y*g()%--%&/P%-(&:*-&"#/(%/(%
K&@&`.->+X+%&>%>&:*"%>&%"&Q'+H*#+--%&M%>&*H>%'A."+*:>&B
O)Cf*%"F6"(E*9d6,(%,&*6$6#(E*'%->9%H(H#9*,"*&6==0&(*5&#(#?,%*f*96*"0(6(#0"*c*%"*()-0#]"%*5%((%
6==&)5#6(#0"*F#],&6"(*',&*'0"*=&%-#%&*>,99%(#"*'5096#&%*[@VX@^*%(*'#]"69)%*46"'*96*>#0]&6=3#%
4)Cf*5#()%*D*j*Z69'#F#%*'%'*"0(%'*%(*]&#>0,#99%*-%'*0>'%&$6(#0"'*k*?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%*9)])&%-%"(
(&6"'F0&-)%* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A* [=S* 11V^* 0o* 0"* =%,(* 9#&%E* ',&* 4%,g* 56&"%('* D
j* Z69'#F#%* 9%,&'* "0(%'* %(* ]&#>0,#99%"(* -%'* 0>'%&$6(#0"'S* 8#]")* D* +6* I6w(&%''%* "d%'(* =6'
50"(%"(%* kS* O6"'' 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&' [=S* 1WAÊ* 0"* 6,&6* ,"%* $6&#6"(%* 4%* 5%* 56$#6&46]%
'6"5(#0""6>9%*D*j*O)Cf*'6*]&6--6#&%*4#'6#(*?,d#9)(6#(*56"5&%*%(*4)(&,#'6#(*9%'*46(6(#0"'*4%'
46(%'*%(*4%'*',&46('*kS
+%*&%F,'*4%*C0,%&*9%*C%,*=0,&&6*6,''#*50"5%&"%&*9%*'=0&(*[%"*@VXXE*0"*9#&6*5%((%*6,(&%
6==&)5#6(#0"* D* j* `%"4* 4%'* (#->&%'* 6"(#H(,>%&5,9%,gE* &%F,'%* 9%'* '=0&('* 4d)?,#=%* %(* C0,%
])")&69%-%"(*'%,9*50"(&%*(0,'S*k^S*+6*>#0]&6=3#%*%'(*,"%*530'%*-6#'*9dr,$&%*%"*%'(*,"%
6,(&%* c* 0"* /* &%(&0,$%&6* 5%=%"46"(* 9d#4)%* 4d0==0'#(#0"* 6,* ]&0,=%* %(* f* 96* (&#>,* '5096#&%E
50--%*f*96*=6]%*1A@*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*0o*j*|9%'}*#"'5&#('*4,*B099.]%*&),"#'*-%
$0/6"(* F,#&* 9%,&* '05#)()E* =&%"4&%* 9%,&'* -6g#-%'* f* 50"(&%H=#%4* k* 96"5%"(E* '%->9%H(H#9E* 6,
j*C%*kE*#5#*50"(6"(*'%'*%"F6"5%'E*j*40,u%*?,09#>%('*kS*O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*+dK"F6"(
I6564)-#?,%* [5FS* -65646-* …* 6564)-#?,%^* %'(* %"50&%* 46"'* ,"%* =0'(,&%* 4d0==0'#(#0"
[=%,(Hl(&%*-6]&#((#%""%^*D*j*+d3%&>%*"d%'(*=6'*$%&(%*c*6,5,"%*=0--%*"d%'(*,"*F&,#(*c*9%*(&#6"]9%
%'(*'6"'*6"]9%'*c*6,5,"*5%&59%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*&0"4*k*[=S*@TV^S
Bd%'(*6,''#*9d%g()&#%,&*%(*9%*&)%9*?,#*"%*(0,&"%"(*=6'*&0"4*D*0"*"%*50-=&%"4*=6'*96*90]#?,%
4,*B6"5&%*690&'*?,%*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*9,#*?,#*%'(*46"'*9%*$&6#*[4d0o*9d6]65%-%"(*50-=&)3%"'#>9%
4%* 5%&(6#"'* =&0F%''%,&'Ê* (3.-%* (&0,>96"(* %(* 6-,'6"(* ?,#* F,(* 4d6#99%,&'E* '#]"690"'H9%* 6,
=6''6]%E*)]69%-%"(*6>0&4)*46"'*,"*50,&(*-)(&6]%*-)50"",*4dK&#5*N03-%&E*NI)98$"#&'&7
/98'*.8*)&E*46"'*9%?,%9*,"*5%&(6#"*>0"*'%"'*%"F6"(#"*'d0==0'%*50-#?,%-%"(*f*96*90]#?,%
'5#%"(#F#?,%*%(*6,g*=3&6'%'*(0,(%'*F6#(%'S
+d%"'%#]"%-%"(* 4%'* =&0F%''%,&'* [%(* 9%,&'* %"'%#]"%-%"(^* '%&6* 40"5E* (&.'* '0,$%"(E
=&)'%"()*50-#?,%-%"(*[5%*?,#*#-=9#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*5&#(#?,%*'0,'HC65%"(%^*D*9%*50,&'*4%
-6(3)-6(#?,%'E*=6&*%g%-=9%E*'%&6*=6&04#)*f*(&6$%&'*4%'*0=)&6(#0"'*50--%*j*F6#'*9%*50-=(%
4%*(0,(E*-,9(#=9#%*=6&*-0#"'*D*#9*"d%"*&%'(%*&#%"*k*[;SNSE*=S*WT^*%(*5%'*)?,6(#0"'*3,-0&#'(#?,%'E
=0)(#?,%'*%(*#-6]#"6#&%'*&%=&%""%"(*4%*=9,'*>%99%*6,g*=6]%'*@VLH@VVH1AAE*0o*9d0"*53%&53%
96*j*F0&-,9%*4,*(%-='*kS*;"*5&0#'%*%"50&%*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*,"*j*(&#6"]9%*)-,
4d6$0#&*)()*&%]6&4)*=6&*96*>6'%*k*[=S*L^S*B%((%*$%#"%*6-,'6"(%*%(*=6(6=3/'#?,%*)(6#(*6,''#
5%99%* 4%* a,%"%6,* [5FS* 7&#(3-)(#?,%* 6FF%5(#$%* #"* K.::/* H.).^* D* +%* 5&#-%* D* @…@* †* @…A* \* +6
LX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
$090"()*D*A*A*†*AE*A@*\*+6*F0#*D*Q*D*@E*%(5S^S*<0,&(6"(*%(*50--%*0"*9%*$%&&6*=9,'*90#"E*#9*'%->9%&6#(
?,%*(0,(%'*9%'*-6(#.&%'*'0#%"(*=%,*0,*=&0,*50"5%&")%'*=6&*9%*C%,*4%*-6''65&%S
K&a*::%"&$WG:%&%"&>#//-+<%&$#&/+,#%"
Z65%*6,g*WAA*50,='*4%*9dK509#%&*'65&#=6"(E*9d#"'(#(,(#0"*&)6]#(S*86*56"5&#(,4%*90]#?,%*'%*$0#(
-l-%* ')$.&%-%"(* '6"5(#0"")%S* 7#"'#E* f* 96* =6]%* W1* 4%* F&' /#$/E* ,"* )9.$%* HC,])* #"4#]"%
[=6&*I6w(&%''%*N#536&4*:96"56&4%^*4dl(&%*=&)'%"()*f*j*9d%g6-%"*4d%"(&)%*=0,&*'0&(#&*4%*96
'%=(#.-%* k* q* '%* &%(&0,$%* j* 46"'* 96* &6"])%* 4%'* 56"5&%'* 6$%5* :,#''0"H%(HI#536,4* kS* +6
4)50"F#(,&%*'5096#&%*%'(*#5#*50--%*,"*50-#?,%*=6''6]%*0>9#])*q*%(*5%96*=0,&&6*4d6#99%,&'
=%&4,&%&*6,*"#$%6,*4%*9d,"#$%&'#()*6$%5E*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%*56'*4d,"*)(,4#6"(*?,#
)530,%*96-%"(6>9%-%"(*%"*50"F0"46"(*j*6"6"6'*k*%(*j6"6",'*kS
7*96*=6]%*@UA*4%*F&'/#$/E*0"*&)69#'%*?,%*5%*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%'*0=(#0"'*=&#'%'*6,*"#$%6,
4%*9d0&#%"(6(#0"*[9%'*&)0&#%"(6(#0"'*"d)(6"(*=6'*-%#99%,&%'^*?,#*%g=9#?,%"(*9d)53%5*'5096#&%*4,
eC%e*D*j*6,*=&%-#%&*C0,&*4dK509%*4%*:#0]%E*-#'*4)Cf*(&0=*(s(*%"*6==&%"(#''6]%*53%u*9%'*-0('E
Cd6==&#'*f*l(&%*=&%-#%&*?,#*'%*(6#'%*=,#'*$)()&6"*53%u*4%'*'=)5#-%"'E*=,#'*(&0=*$#%,g*=0,&
9%'*-#"#-%'E*4d0o*0"*-%*4%'5%"4#(*#--)4#6(%-%"(*53%u*9%'*=%(#('H$)()&6"'E*0o*C%*$)5,'*'#g
-0#'*%"*36>#('*(&0=*]&6"4*=0,&*,"*564%(*kE*k*',#(%*f*96*',#(%*4%*?,0#*k*9%*56'*%'(*&%=)&)*c
%(*4.'*90&'E*=9%,$%"(*9%'*$%g6(#0"'*D*j*+%*C%,4#E*=&0F%''%,&*4#(*D*eM0,'*"%*=6&$%"0"'*=9,'*f
=6&9%&*6$%5*$0,'*?,d6$%5*4%'*-0('*?,%*$0,'*%"(%"4%u*'6"'*'6$0#&*=0,&?,0#S*N%(0,&"%u*f
:#0]%E*46"'*5%*9#%,*4#(*40"(*$0,'*"d6,&#%u*C6-6#'*4z*'0&(#&e*kS*[=S*@UA^
R9* /* 6* 53%u* 5%(* )9.$%* 4%* F&' /#$/* 50--%* ,"%* #"56=65#()* f* ',#$&%* 9%* 50,&'* 40"")* D
j*O6"'*-6*=%"')%E*6,5,"%*#4)%*'0&(6#(*=9,'*$#(%*?,d#5%99%*)-#'%*=6&*=&0F%''%,&*#4%-S*k*[=S
@UA^S*O6"'*N9#/*"#$*+.=$7&O*:&*7&?%/E*-l-%*50"'(6(*4d#-=,#''6"5%*D*0"*%'(*j*4#-#",)*4%
"6#''6"5%*%(*#"56=6>9%*4%*|'d}*655&053%&*6,g*-0('*4d,"%*=3&6'%*%"*$&6#*[=S*V@^S*<0,&(6"(E
'#]"690"'*?,%*9%*-)(#%&*4%*=&0F%''%,&*q*#5#*%"*j*=3#90'0=3#%*#-=9#5#(%*k*[h^*q*'%->9%*9,#H6,''#
=965)*'0,'*9%*'#]"%*4,*-696#'%*%(*4%*96*50"(&6#"(%*[OS7SE*=S*1Q1^*D
<0,&* )$0?,%&* f* =&)'%"(* 9%'* "0(%'* 4%* G%6"* 8#"],9#%&* [GS8SE* =S* QLÊ* #9* '%->9%* ?,d%99%'
()-0#]"%"(*4d,"*%'=&#(*'#"],9#%&E*>&#996"(*-6#'*56=6>9%*4%*>9056]%'*D*eM)]6(#0"*D*@VS*Kg%&5#5%
4d65(#0"*D*1S*B0"(&64#5(#0"*D*@LS*23.-%*90]#?,%*D*,"*?,6&(S*Z69'#F#56(#0"*D*@LS*N%F,'*D*1AeS*O6"'
4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5d%'(*96*-%"(#0"*j*<%"'%*'6"'*9%'*530'%'*k*?,#*'%&6*4)5%&")%S*R5#E
96*$%#"%*%'(*'~#F(#%""%*D*5%*?,#*4%$&6#(*=0'%&*=&0>9.-%*'%*$0#(*>#%"*"0()E*f*-0#"'*[3/=0(3.'%
=9,'*=96,'#>9%^*?,d0"*"%*'0#(*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%*>,99%(#"'*")]6(#F'*0o*9d0"*'#]"69%*%"*=&#0&#()E
=6&*4%'*"0(%'*%(*4%'*-%"(#0"'E*(0,(*5%*?,#*"%*$6*=6'*53%u*9d)9.$%*56"5&6"(S*7,(&%*-%"(#0"H
'6"5(#0"*F0&(*)(&6"]%E*5%99%*40"(*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*f*96*=6]%*1Q1*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE
6$%5*5%((%*j*,"#()*,"#$%&'#()*40"(*96*'6"5(#0"*-%*4)5%&"6*4%,g*6"'*4,&6"(*9%*(#(&%*4%*'0&(#&
'6"'*=6&9%&*kS
<0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*f*96*=6]%*QL*4%*F&'/#$/E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*9%*50"'(6(*4%*56"5&#(,4%*6>'09,%
'd%g=&#-%*=9,'*4#&%5(%-%"(*46"'*9d#-=#(0/6>9%*')&#%*D*j*&%4%&"#%&*4%*(0,'E*6#]9%*4%'*56"5&%'E
)53%5* $#$6"(E* (&0-=%,&* '5096#&%* kS* K"* K4,56(#0"* <3/'#?,%* %(* 8=0&(#$%E* 5%96* "%* $6* ],.&%
-#%,g*D*j*Gd)(6#'*",9*%"*]/-*k*[OS7SE*=S*XT^*c*46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*#9*'%->9%&6#(*40"5
?,%*M0$6&#"6*&%5/59%*%(*(&6"=0'%*4%'*'0,$%"#&'*=%&'0""%9'*[j*&%F,'%*9%'*'=0&('*4d)?,#=%*kE
j*Z69'#F#%*-%'*"0(%'*kE*%(5S^S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*#9*/*6,&6*4d6,(&%'*&)F9%g#0"'*4)'0>9#]%6"(%'
46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*56&E*'#*j*K9.$%*!&#%"E*'%,9%*96*'0&(#%*$0,'*#"()&%''%*k*'%->9%
&%9%$%&* 4,* 50"'(6(* [OS7SE* =S* 1LUÊ* 96* F#],&%* "0$6&#"0H56"5&#?,%E* '0--)%* 4%* j* |&%"]6#"%&}
'0"*536"(*kE*'d/*F%&6*(&6#(%&*4dj0#'%6,*-69*F6#(*k*%(E*6,(&%*(&6#(%-%"(*4%*5305E*4d6==&%"4&%
,"%* j* >l(%* 9#'(6''%* k* =0,&* 96* j* '6#'0"* ',#$6"(%* kS* B0--%"(E* =0,&* F#"#&E* "%* =6'* )$0?,%&
456*7&' $8*988#* h* 8d/* (&0,$%* %"* %FF%(* ["0,'* %"* 6$0"'* 4)Cf* =6&9)^* ,"* ',==9#5%* 4,* =#?,%(
LT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*4&s9%*-l-%*'#*9d65(%,&*I6",%9*+%*+#.$&%*'%->9%*"0,'*F6#&%*%"(&%$0#&*=6&*'0"
C%,*%g=&%''#F*%(*536=9#"#%"*?,d#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*6,(&%*530'%*D*4%*96*&)'#]"6(#0"E*4%*96*(&#'(%''%t
RKOKcK&,%&C*/")%&-%&)%B244%
K"*'0--%E*M0$6&#"6*-%(*%"*'5."%*9%*50->6(*%"(&%*9d#]"0&6"5%*4%'*53.&%'*(l(%'*>90"4%'
%(*96*$090"()*=&0F%''0&69%*4%*9%'*"0,&&#&*=)46]0]#?,%-%"(*50--%*4%'*0#%'*?,d0"*]6$%&6#(
4%* '6$0#&E* ?,d0"* ]0&]%&6#(* 4%* 50""6#''6"5%'* %(* 40"(* 0"* 50->9%&6#(* (0,(%'* 9%'* 965,"%'
[5,9(,&%99%'E*96"]6]#.&%'E*%(5S^*?,#((%*f*F6#&%*,'6]%*4%*96*F0&5%S*;&*5%((%*50"F&0"(6(#0"*F6#(*4%'
)(#"5%99%'*%(E*50"')?,%"5%*=&)$#'#>9%*D*9%*j*N%-=965%-%"(*4,*2&0,*=6&*96*90]#?,%*%(*9dK"F6"(
f*96*4#6>9%*'0,46#"%-%"(*'%*536-6#99%"(*k*[GSNSE*=S*VA^S
<0,&*50"(&%&*5%((%*69#)"6"(%*#"$6'#0"*=)46]0]#?,%E*,"%*#"(%&"6(#0"69%*=0(653%*'%->9%
'd0&]6"#'%&*D*,(#9#'6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*46"'*,"%*#"(%"(#0"*(%&&0&#'(%*9%'*]6u*4,*-l-%*"0-E*j*+dK"F6"(
3#96&6"(*k*$%,(*%"*%FF%(*j*,(#9#'%&*,"%*96"],%*f*4)(&,#&%*9d30--%*k*[GSNSE*=S*VL^*=%"46"(*?,%
j*+dK"F6"(*<,6"(*6$69%*'0"*]0z(%&*k*[GSNSE*=S*LA^*%(*?,%*4%,g*'65&#=6"('*-)(6=3/'#?,%'E
B3904065&%*%(*9dK"F6"(*f*96*2&#=9%*:6'%E*/*$0"(*4%*9%,&'*#"'5&#=(#0"'**[GSNSE*=S*VLÊ*#"'5&#=(#0"'
0o*#9*'%->9%"(*=&s"%&*,"*-%''#6"#?,%*&%(0,&*%"*F0&5%*4%*96*=6&09%*[=&)F)&)%*6,g*-0('^*%(
,"%*50-=9.(%*%(*#--)4#6(%*&)6==&0=&#6(#0"*4,*96"]6]%*=6&*746-S
O6"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%* 4d#4)%E* 9%* +0,#'* 4%* Z,".'* 4%* @&?&#)&' E).0$:&* '%&6* =&)'%"()
50--%*,"%*F#],&%*56''6"4&#?,%*%(*,"*]&6FF#(%,&*#50"0596'(%*j*|50,&6"(}*4%*",#(*)5&#&%*',&
9%'*-,&'*D*I6".'*&%$#%"(*m*k*[OS<SE*=S*@Q@^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*9d#"'5&#=(#0"*=0(653%*$#'%&6
%"50&%*f*=&0$0?,%&*96*&)F9%g#0"*%(*N6/-0"4*4%*96*-6(#.&%*[#9*F6,(*4#&%*?,%*5d%'(*,"%*'0&(%*4%
'6$6"(*F0,^*40""%&6*4d6#99%,&'*&6#'0"*f*j*|5%,g}*?,#*0"(*(6],)*j*+6*-0&(*%'(*",99%*k*6,*>0&4
4,*56"69*4%*9d;,&?*k*D*j*|"0,'}*"%*'0--%'*=6'*F6#(*=0,&*kS
Od,"%* F6b0"* ])")&69%E* 0"* F,#&6* j* 9d)509%* %(* '%'* (&#'(%'* -0&5%6,g* kE* 9%'* j* '5096#&%'* k
%(*6,(&%'*j*64%=(%'*4,*&)%9*k*[;SRSE*=S*@TL^*%(*4%'*j*90]#?,%'*k*S*;"*&%F,'%*9d6&>#(&6#&%*%(
9d6,(0&#()*c*6,(&,#*"%*F%&6*=6'*96*90#*D*j*+6*$s(&%*=%"')%*?,%*$0,'*$%"%u*4d)-%((&%*"d%'(*=6'
'%90"*-0"*0=#"#0"*k*[GSNSE*=S*1W^S*;"*=&)F.&%&6*'%*9#$&%&*f*4%'*65(#0"'*6""%g%'*D*=%"46"(
?,%*j*9%*=&0F%''%,&*Z&0"(#'=#5%*-%"(*k*[GSNSE*=S*VAÊ*j*9dK"F6"(*4%*J6,(%HB#'.&%*5&6/0""%*c
9%'*K"F6"('*4%*96*B09.&%*)50,(%"(*9%*$%"(*k*[GSNSE*=S*U1^*c*j*9dK"F6"(H;,#*'d6''0,=#(*k*[GSNSE
=S*VA^*c*j*9dK"F6"(*<6"(0-0&=3%*>6&&#(*c*9dK"F6"(*=6&*9,#H-l-%*'d%"F0"5%*46"'*'0"*=&0=&%
'09*c*9dK"F6"(*'6"'*530'%'*>#F,&?,%*k*[=S*VL^*%(*9dK"F6"(*26&6>,'(#%&*6>0#(*k*[=S*VL^S*B%96*4#(E
96*9#>%&()*4%*=6&09%*"d%'(*=6'*(0(69%*%(*9d0"*=0,&&6*'d6,(05%"',&%&*c*6#"'#E*j*+dK"F6"(*'6"'
96"]6]%*'%*'0,$#%"(*46"'*'6*=%"')%*4,*-0(*?,#*"%*40#(*=6'*l(&%*=&0"0"5)*k*[=S*VU^*%(*5d%'(
'6"'*40,(%*=0,&*5%96*?,d#9*%'(*4#(*j*'6"'*96"]6]%*k*D*#9*'%*-)F#%*4d,"*-0(*-6,4#(*f*"%*=6'
4#&%*[O#%,*h*I%&4&%*h*8=90"]%*h*M0"*h*<0,&?,0#*h^S
;"*9%*$0#(*D*9d0"0-6'(#?,%*"0,'*&%"'%#]"%*4d%->9)%*',&*9%*50-=0&(%-%"(*F0"5#.&%-%"(
=%&(,&>6(%,&*4%'*%"F6"('*)$0?,)'*D*5d%'(*%"50&%*9%*56'*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*6$%5*j*9dK"F6"(
`&65*k*[=S*Q@^*%(*j9dK"F6"(*-0&46"(*9%*'09*'%,9*50"(&%*(0,'*kS*R5#E*%"F6"5%*%(*6"6&53#%*'%->9%"(
'%*50"F0"4&%S*Bd%'(*?,d#9*/*6*6,''#E*%"*-l-%*(%-='E*(0,(%*,"%*&3)(0&#?,%*4%*9d30'(#9#()*D*0"
%'(*50"(&%E*0"*4#(*"0"E*0"*j*|=0'%}*4%'*-6#'*k*q*-6#'*5%'*-6#'*9f*'0"(*=9,'*&64#56,g*?,%
5%,g*4%*-6#*D*0"*$6*90#"*46"'*9%*&%F,'*%"*"#6"(*-l-%*9d)$#4%"5%*D*j*G%6"*+,#'6"5%*&)=6&%
'6*&%-0&?,%*"0"*50"F0&-)-%"(*6,*-04%*4d%-=90#*D*9d%6,*&%-0"(%*4%'*F9%,$%'*|t}*9%*'%9
"%*'69%*=9,'E*9%*C0,&*"%*'%*9.$%*=9,'*k*[7SRSE*=S*@TT^*c*0&E*96*4%&"#.&%*=3&6'%*4%*5%((%*9#'(%
=6&640g69%*"d%'(*6,(&%*?,%*j*9d69=36>%(*4#'=6&6w(*k*D*5d%'(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%*#5#E*46"'*5%*-0"4%
'6"'*0&4&%*0o*9%'*j*53#FF&%'*'d)50,9%"(*46"'*(0,'*9%'*'%"'*kE*?,%*9%*56"5&%*$6*=0,$0#&*%"(&%&
%"*=#'(%*%(*'d)=6"0,{&*q*5%*-0"4%E*0"*9d6,&6*50-=&#'E*5d%'(*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6S
LU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
B%((%*&3)(0&#?,%*4,*&%F,'*%(*4%*9d30'(#9#()*f*(0,(*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*4%'*(3.-%'*4%*456*7&
$8*988#*D*'#*j*9dK"F6"(*-0&46"(*9%*'09*k*%'(*j*'%,9*50"(&%*(0,'*kE*0"*j*4)596&%*96*",#(*C0,&
'0->&%*%(*9%*-6(#"*&%53,(%*4,*'0#&*k*[=S*1T^*c*?,6"(*f*N6/-0"4*4%*96*I6(#.&%E*30'(#9%*f*(0,(E
#9*6*j*30&&%,&*4%'*#4)%'*k*%(*j*(0,(*5%*?,#*(0->%*'0,'*9%*'%"'*|9%}*4)]0z(%*k*[=S*LQ^*D*5d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*-69]&)*'0"*'(6(,(*4%*O05(%,&E*#9*6*]6&4)*,"*=#%4*%"*%"F6"5%S*<#%&&%*G0,&4%
9%*4#(*46"'*'0"*(%g(%*',&*M0$6&#"6*[6,*'0,'H(#(&%*)$056(%,&*D*j*+6*&)4%-=(#0"*=6&*9d#4#0(#%*k^
QU
F#],&6"(*46"'*4.'4$77I).7#)&'/.8/'&/79?.** D
Dans son mouvement profond, dans ses pulsions enfantines, la parole ne veut
pas de l’ordre signifiant. Elle veut malaxer la pâte des mots comme l’enfant aime
à malaxer la boue ou la pâte à modeler.
RKOKqK&L%*/&'%-&d2"(E%20,C0,&'* 6,''#* =0(653#?,%-%"(E* 9%* 5)&)-0"#69* 4%* 9d6==%9* '%* $%&&6* =6&04#)E* #5#* ',&(0,(
6==9#?,)*f*'0#*[j*(%'*5099%'*k*=0,$6"(*4d6#99%,&'*&6==%9%&*j*9d)509%*k*%(*4d)$%"(,%99%'*3%,&%'
4%* 5099%^* D* j* 50->#%"* "0,'* '0--%'* h* G%"4,9=3%E* &#%"* 4,9=3%E* 9#%"4,9F%E* -,&4,9%'E* -%'
5099%'E*'%'*u#],%'E*(%'*=#"5%'E*(%'*5099%'E*'0"*r,FE*"0'0(&0'E*>#>#*%(*#-0#E*(#(#*%(*9,9,*k*[;SNSE
=S*@AW^S*G%6"*4%'*O#5()%'*'%->9%E*9,#E*$0,)*f*96*530'%*'5096#&%*D*46"'*'0"*56&(6>9%E*=6'*4%
50,='*4%*=0#"]'*-6#'*=9,'*56-,'#%""%-%"(*D*9%*&053%&*4%*8#'/=3%S*Il-%*',==9#5%*46"'
4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*@QU^*D*j*Gd6#*4z*=6''%&*$#"](*6"'*%"*4#5()%*kS*a,6"(*f*<6"(3)%E
#9*%'(*36"()*=6&*,"%*4#5()%*?,#*50--%"b6#(*=6&*j*+d6,(%9*)(6#(*f*G)&,'69%-*-6#'*9%*'6"]*4%*96
$#5(#-%*>6#]"6*9d,"#$%&'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@Q1Ê*#"5#=#(*&)',-6"(*%FF#565%-%"(*9%*8%50"4*2%'(6-%"(S
;"* =%,(* 4d6#99%,&'* ',==0'%&* ?,%* 9%* 50-#?,%* f* 9dr,$&%* 'd6==9#?,%* 6,''#* f* ,"* 56()53#'-%
=&)'%"()*50--%*(&6,-6(#'6"(*D*j*a,6"4*Cd)(6#'*%"F6"(E*Cd6#*536"()*-0#*6,''#*4%'*536"'0"'
'(,=#4%'*k*'%*=96#"4&6H(H0"*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*1LW^*%(*0"*=6&9%&6*46"'*4567&:$&)
;9:.87'4,*j*',==9#5%*4%*96*&)5#(6(#0"*k*[=S*@WL^*%(*-l-%*4d,"*j*%g6-%"*4d"0->&#9*k*[=S*V^S
7,(&%*)=&%,$%*(%&&#>9%E*#9*F6,4&6*6,*4)>,(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*@1Ê*%(*5%*4%$6"(*96
(%&&#F#6"(%*F#],&%*=&0F%''0&69%*?,d%'(*j*O05(%,&*+040"*k*['0&(%*4d%g6-#"6(%,&*4%*I0&('*'%
'#(,6"(*%"(&%*86#"(*<#%&&%E*9%*8=3#"gE*B%&>.&%*%(*B36&0"^*j*|&)5#(%&}*96*9#'(%*4%'*$%&>%'*?,#
'0"(*m*k*D*0&E*9%'*j*$%&>%'*?,#*'0"(*k*'0"(*9%'*j*$%&>%'*%"*,(*k*%(*9%'*j*$%&>%'*%"*>0,#F*kE*'0#(
4%'*$%&>%'*"d%g#'(6"(*=6'*D*?,%*F6#&%*46"'*5%*56'*h
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 0"* =6''%* '%'* %"F6"5%'* f* l(&%* j* -693%,&%,g* %"
=3/'#?,%* kE* 5%* ?,#* =%,(* 'd6==9#?,%&* 6,* 50&='* -6#'* 6,''#* f* 96* 4#'5#=9#"%S* B0--%* ,"%
)=)%* 4%* O6-059.'E* 96* =%&'=%5(#$%* 4d)$%"(,%99%'* -6,$6#'%'* "0(%'* q* j* `0,'* 699%u* 6$0#&
,"* &0"4* k* [+SISE* =S* X@V^* q* =.'%* 90,&4* 6,H4%'','* 4%'* 53.&%'* (l(%'* >90"4%'* D* #5#E* ,"%
j* |&)F9%g#0"}* f* 9d0&69* k* =0,&&6* $690#&* j* u)&0* =0#"(* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* @TV^* D* 9d6=050=%* %'(* 4&s9%
-6#'*9d)9.$%E*6"]0#'')*%(*9d)509%E*-%"6b6"(%*D*F65%*6,g*#"?,#)(6"('*j*=&0F%''%,&'*4%*9dK509%
Z&6"b6#'%* 4%* 8,(,&%* kE* 9%'* j* 7"5#%"'* 4,* B099.]%* 4%* `%"]%6"5%* k* =0&(%"(* (0,C0,&'* 4%'
j*56&(6>9%'*k*50--%*6,(6"(*4%*46"]%&%,g*F0&b6('*'5096#&%'*6,g*(6(0,6]%'*#"4)9)>#9%'S
a,6"(*6,*&%40,>9%-%"(*[6,(&%*56,'%E*=9,'*50"5&.(%E*4,*=3)"0-."%Ê*#9*%'(*4d6#99%,&'
)$0?,)*46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*WV^*0o*9d0"*=6&9%&6*-l-%*4d,"%*j*K"F6"5%*4%*5%"(
6"'*k*50--%*'#*9d%"F6"5%*)(6#(*,"%*],%&&%*#"(%&-#"6>9%*50"(&%*4%'*64,9(%'*$0,'*%-=l536"(
4%*]&6"4#&S*R5#E*9d)=6"0,#''%-%"(*%'(*#-=0''#>9%*D*9d)509#%&*4%*-)96"509#%*%'(*#"'5&#(*f*9d)509%
4d#-=,#''6"5%*q*-6#'*#9*/*6*6,''#*j*9d)509%*4d#-=&,4%"5%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@L1^*%(*j*9d)509%*4%
80&(#%*k*[=S*1@@^*D*6,*F0"4E*0"*"d6'=#&%*?,df*F6#&%*9%*-,&*%(*f*4%$%"#&*,"*j*]6&b0"*>,#''0"*k*[%(
(6"(*=#'*'#*"0,'*6((%"4%"(*4%30&'*9%'*-l-%'*-)'6$%"(,&%'*?,%*<#"0553#0^S*8#]"690"'*6,
QU
**<#%&&%*G0,&4%E*j*+6*&)4%-=(#0"*=6&*9d#4#0(#%*kE*4.':$77I).7#)&'/.8/'&/79?.*E*+dK'=&#(*4,*-0"4%E*<6&#'E*=S*1TLS
LL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=6''6]%* ?,%* 5%((%* j* K"F6"5%* 4%* 5%"(* 6"'* k* F,(* )]69%-%"(* )$0?,)%* =6&* 9%* :%5n%((* 4%
QL
* *
45$889??.=:&* *D
[…] me voilà, avec ma barbe blanche, assis parmi les enfants, disant n’importe
quoi, de peur d’être frappé. Je mourrai en sixième, chargé d’ans et de pensums
[…] Elève Mahood, pour la vingt-cinq millième fois, qu’est-ce qu’un mammifère ?
[…] Elève Mahood, répète après moi, L’homme est un mammifère supérieur […]
qu’est-ce que ça pouvait bien lui foutre, à l’élève Mahood, que l’homme fût ceci
plutôt que cela ?
O6"'* 9d,"#$%&'* '5096#&%* "0$6&#"#%"E* 9%'* &)F9%g#0"'* 4%'* =&0F%''%,&'* [j* R9* (#%"(* '0"* 563#%&
50--%* ,"* '690=#0(* k^* =0,&&0"(* '%->9%&* 4)'0>9#]%6"(%'* -6#'* 0"* =%&'#'(%* -69]&)* (0,(
46"'* '0"* &%F,'* 4%* j* 9d6==&%"(#'',&%* 4,* >%6,* =6&09%* k* [2S<SE* =S* Q1^* D* 0"* 'd0==0'%* f* (0,(
5%* ?,#* &%=&)'%"(%* 96* "0&-%* %(* 9%* F0&-6(6]%* %(* 0"* 50"(#",%* f* =0&(%&* 4%'* j* Jp3p>#('* 4%
O)&#'#0"*k*[BSJSE*=S*QUL^*=0,&*9,((%&*50"(&%*9%*-%"'0"]%*6->#6"(*?,d#"56&"%*9%*=&0F%''%,&
Z&0"(#'=#5%E*?,#*[(0,(*9d#"4#?,%^*"d%'(*?,d,"%*F6b64%S*;"*9%*$0#(*D*50--%*=0,&*9%'*405(%,&'H
405(,''%'E*9d0"0-6'(#?,%*=0,&&6*6,''#*l(&%*(&.'*%g=&%''#$%*%(*C0,%&*,"*&s9%*#-=0&(6"(*46"'
5%((%*$6'(%*%"(&%=&#'%*4%*=6&04#%*(0,(*6u#-,(*c*6#"'#E*9%*j*=&0F%''%,&*+0'6"]%*k*[OS`SE*=S
111^*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*,"*4#'5#=9%*4dK,59#4%*%(*4%*2369.'*%(*96*-0?,%&#%*50"(#",%&6*C,'?,%
46"'*96*(0->%*=,#'?,d0"*&%50""6w(&6*,"*4)F,"(*=&0F%''%,&*4%*])0-)(&#%*f*'%'*j*0''%-%"('
(&#6"],96#&%'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TX^S*;"*=6&04#%*)]69%-%"(*4%'*F0&-,9%'*50"",%'*40"(*0"*'%*'%&(
&%64/H-64#?,%-%"(*[0'0"'*9d64$%&>%^*%"*9%'*6==9#?,6"(*f*6,(&%*530'%*D*j*80#(*,"%*530'%
?,#*%'(*D*%99%*4%$#%"(*=#&%*f*536?,%*#"'(6"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*@QQ^S
7,*4)>,(*4%*456*7&'$8*988#E*9%'*4%,g*536"(&%'E*-,"#'*4%*>6],%((%'E*'%->9%"(*40""%&
',&*,"*(6>9%6,*"0#&*#"$#'#>9%E*f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"%*56&(%*4,*-0"4%*[f*,"*-0-%"(
0"*%"*$0#(*-l-%*,"%Ê*,"*50,&'*4d3#'(0#&%*=9%#"*4%*>&,#(*%(*4%*F,&%,&*q*-6#'*(0,'*5%'*=%,=9%'
'%* 4)53#&6"(* 6,* "0-* 4%* 4#%,g* &#4#5,9%'* [J,&9,-%* <0(,E* :0,9]6E* I)'04%E* 2,>69^* 6,&0"(
F#"69%-%"(*=9,(s(*(%"46"5%*f*"0,'*F6#&%*&#&%S*<9,'*90#"*[==S*@XTÊ*9%*F6&F%9,*=&0F%''%,&*4d6,(&,#
96"5%&6*6$%5*%g69(6(#0"*j*+6*-6(#.&%*&%'=#&%E*9%'*%"F6"('*m*|t}*j*+%*&)%9*&%'=#&%*m*k*7==&%"%uH
-0#* b6* =6&* 5r,&* m* kS* K(* ?,%* 4#&%* 4%'* %g=)&#%"5%'* 4%* N6/-0"4* 4%* 96* -6(#.&%* h* 8#* %99%'
4%$6#%"(*'d6==6&%"(%&*f*,"*50,&'E*5%*'%&6#(*f*50,=*'z&*,"*50,&'*4%*=6(6=3/'#?,%H53#-#%*D
j*`0#5#*4%,g*&)5#=#%"('*k*"0,'*6""0"5%H(H#9*D*46"'*9d,"E*0"*$%&'%*9%*j*50"(%",*4%*9dJ#'(0#&%*k
%(*46"'*9d6,(&%E*0"*j*4)5#4%*6&>#(&6#&%-%"(*?,%*9d30--%*%'(*9d75(%,&*4%*9d3#'(0#&%S*|t}*7,
>0,(*4,*50-=(%*k*4)>0,53%u*'d#9*$0,'*=96w(E*9%*&)',9(6(*%'(*9%*-l-%*D*(0,(%*9d%6,*%'(*=6&
(%&&%*k*[==S*LQHLW^S
7,(&%*-6(#.&%*%"'%#]")%*[46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/Ê*96*u0090]#%*'%&6*)]69%-%"(
6,* =&0]&6--%* [=S* @V^* -6#'* 9%'* 6"#-6,g* )(,4#)'* "d0"(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* )()* &%5%"')'* =6&
:,FF0"* [5FS* j* -,'%96&4%* kE* j* '#50=(.&%* kE* j* 3,53%H>z53%* kE* j* 0"F&%((%* k^S* O%* -l-%E
9d)4,56(#0"*=3/'#?,%*%(*'=0&(#$%*'%->9%*%99%H6,''#*&%=&)'%"()%*[#9*/*6*=6&*%g%-=9%*9d)=&%,$%
j* 4d6>%&&6"5%'* (%&&%'(&%'* k* %(* 9%* j* 96"5%&* 4,* 50&='* k^* -6#'* 9%'* 65(#$#()'* =&0=0')%'
"d0"(* =6'* 9d6#&* >#%"* &6#'0""6>9%'S* :&%FE* 9d,"#$%&'* '5096#&%* "0$6&#"#%"* =&)'%"(%* 9%'* 699,&%'
56&&099#%""%'*4d,"*-0"4%*#"$%&')*=%,=9)*4d%g69()'E*4d3/'()&#?,%'*%(*4%*F0,'E*4%*50"'%#99%&'
4%*4)'0&#%"(6(#0"*%(*4%*-6w(&%''%'*56'(&6(&#5%'*6,g*53%$%,g*>#u6&&%'*(6"4#'*?,%*9%*'%,9*f
&%'(%&*f*=%,*=&.'*90]#?,%E*5d%'(*9%*56"5&%S
RKOKoK&?/&"*/")%&%-(<7(%&%(&'#1$#1)%1Q
QL
* * 86-,%9* :%5n%((E* 45$889??.=:&E* @AH@LE* @VU1* [0"* $%&&6* ?,%* 5%* "d%'(* =6'* 96* '%,9%* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* %"(&%* 5%((%* r,$&%* %(
9d,"#$%&'*"0$6&#"#%"^S
LV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
Il-%*'#E*50--%*#9*9%*4#(*=6&*6#99%,&'E*5d%'(*(0,C0,&'*j*46"'*9d%-=l53)*?,%*b6*=0,''%*kE*9%'
%-=l53%-%"('*%(*',&(0,(*9%'*4#FF#5,9()'*4d%g=&%''#0"*"%*&%9.$%"(*=6'*4,*(0,(*4d,"%*'(,=#4%
6"6&53#%*'6"'*F0"4%-%"(*c*5d%'(*=9,'*=&0F0"4*?,%*5%96E*%(*#9*/*6E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9*50--%*,"%
=96#"(%E*9#)%*f*5%((%*F0&-%*4d#-=,#''6"5%E*%(*?,#*'d%g=&#-%*46"'*4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/*D*j*Gd6$6#'
,"%*#4)%*=6&*6"E*'6"'*-0(*=0,&*9d%g=&#-%&*D*(&0#'*-0('*=6&*C0,&*%(*'6"'*'6$0#&*50--%"(*9%'
6((653%&S*k*[=S*WVÊ*5%*?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%*[$8*`SaSE*=S*V@^*46"'*9d#"56=65#()*f*j*|'d}655&053%&*6,g
-0('*4d,"%*=3&6'%*%"*$&6#*k*)$0?,)%*=9,'*36,(S
+%*-0(*)536==%E*9%*-0(*"d%'(*=6'*9f*c*#9*/*6*50--%*,"%*6"]0#''%*9#)*f*9d6>'%"5%*4%
-0('*0,*f*9d#"56=65#()*4%*=&04,#&%*4,*'%"'S*+6*F#],&%*56"5&#?,%*"0$6&#"#%""%*'%->9%*'0,FF&#&
4dl(&%*6#"'#*f*96*(&6w"%*4,*-0(*%(*4%*96*96"],%E*56,'%*4#&%5(%*4%*'0"*>6""#''%-%"(*=6&*6,(&,#
%(*=6&*9d#"'(#(,(#0"S*a,0#?,%*50-#?,%E*5d%'(*,"*=%&'0""6]%*(&6]#?,%S*K"40''6"(*9%*'(#]-6(%E
5d%'(*9d)5&#$6#"*9,#H-l-%*?,#E*f*56,'%*4%'*9#>%&()'*?,d#9*=&%"4*6$%5*96*96"],%E*'d6''#-#9%*f*,"
56"5&%*q*6,*F0"4E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*9,#E*9%*$%"]%,&*%"*53%-#'%*50,&(%*[OS`SE*=S*1XTÊ*9%*`%"]%,&
4%'*B6"5&%'*q*>&%F*,"*',=%&H3)&0'*'5096#&%*?,#*=96#&6#(*>%6,50,=*f*P0(9#>S*+%*56"5&6(*4%*5%
56"5&%H9f*%'(*',&(0,(*,"*4)F#*96"5)*f*96*F65%*4%*96*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*D*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*9,#*4%*j*F6#&%
56"5&%-%"(*|t}*(0->%&*9d0&(30]0"*k*[2S<SE*=S*WU^S
<0,&* 9%* -0(* '05#)()* =6&* %g%-=9%E* #9* =0,&&6* 9d0&(30]&6=3#%&* f* 96* -6"#.&%* 4%* :&#''%(* q
j*'6,5#)()*k*[OS`SE*=S*VU^*q*%(*9%*$%&>%*j*-0,&#&*k*=0,&&6E*9,#E*l(&%*50"C,],)*f*96*F6b0"*4%
B)9#"%E* j* -0,&&%&%u* k* [OS`SE* =S* TVÊ* (0,(%'* '%'* 50"C,]6#'0"'* #"50&&%5(%'* =0,$6"(* -l-%
&6==%9%&* 6,g* 6-6(%,&'* 5%&(6#"%* 536"'0"* 4%* N%"6,4* [5FS* j* "0,'* "0,'* %"* 699%&0"'* q* 4%
&%?,#"*m*kE*j*C%*&%=6&(#&6*kE*%(5SÊ*,"*&%>%99%*9,#H6,''#E*%(*?,#*5&#(#?,%&6*)]69%-%"(*9d#"'(#(,(#0"
'5096#&%*[5FS*j*8#*9d)509%*6==&%"4*=6'*b6E*690&'*Cd4#'*369(%*f*(0,(*kE*%(5S^S*O%*-l-%*%(*=l9%H
-l9%E*0"*)5&#&6*j*80,FF&%u*'6"'*$0,'*=96#]"%&*k*[OS`SE*=S*1LVÊ*0,*j*40,90,&6>9%*k*[BS*JSE
WVL^*c*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*WVÊ*9%*-%"'0"]%*[0,*9d3/=05&#'#%^*4%$#%"4&6*96*j*-%"(6&4#'%*k*[$0#&%
96*j*F6,53%(0""%&#%*k^*c*0"*"%*4#&6*=6'*F0,&>%&#%*-6#'*j*F0,&>65#()*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@UA^S*;"*"%
4#&6*=6'*=&%,$%*-6#'*j*=&%,$%&#%*k*[`SaSE*=S*WA^*c*0"*"%*4#&6*=6'*[`SaSE*=S*WW^*>,9940u%&*-6#'
j*>,940u#%&*k[>,99%*4d0'#%&*h^*c*0"*"%*4#&6*=6'*%"*=6&(6"(*-6#'*j*%"*=6&(#&6"(*kE*=6'*5%96*-6#'
j*5%b6*kE*=6'*9%*(,/6,*-6#'*j*96*(,/6,*k*[OS`SE*=S*1TQÊ*%(5SE*%(5S
+6*-)=&#'%*=0,&&6*"d%"*=6'*l(&%*,"%*%(*50&&%'=0"4&%*f*,"%*#"56=65#()*-0-%"(6")%*4%
9d%"F6"(*f*=&0"0"5%&*50&&%5(%-%"(*c*46"'*,"%*#"(%&$#%~*6550&4)%*f*96*&%$,%*K*+&)O9*[==S
@@H@1Ê*9d6,(%,&*=6&9%*4%*'0"*=&0=&%*F#9'*%(*4d,"*-0(*)$0?,6"(*#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(*96*'5."%*%(
9%*(3)p(&%*D
Quel a été, à chacun d’entre nous, notre premier mot ? Le mien, je ne sais pas ,
mais je sais celui de mon fils Virgile : « dido » (rideau). Le mien, c’est peut-être
« rideau » aussi.
a,6"(*6,*j*C%*-d%'(*6((653)*,"%*=#%&&%*f*-0"*5,9*k*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*5%*"d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*,"%*F6,(%*46"'*96*-%',&%*0o*#9*6&&#$%*q*%"*='/536"69/'%E*%"*=3#90'0=3#%*%(*>#%"
'z&*%"*=0)'#%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*6$%5*9%*F6-%,g*j*G%*%'(*,"*6,(&%*k*&#->694#%"*q*?,%*9%*eC%e
'0#(*50"C,],)*f*96*(&0#'#.-%*=%&'0""%*4,*'#"],9#%&*c*-6#'E*46"'*5%*56'*4%*F#],&%*=6&(#5,9#%&E
5d%'(*j*C%*'d%'(*6((653)*k*?,%*"0,'*4%$&#0"'*9#&%S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*5d%'(*9%*-0(*6,>%&]#"%*?,#*%'(*4#(*j*0,&#]#%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@XU^*c
%"*=&6(#?,6"(*,"*-)96"]%*f*96*M0$6&#"6E*"0,'*=0,&&#0"'*4d6#99%,&'*6>0,(#&*6,*-0(*0&#]#"%S*7
9d0&#]#"%*4%*5%((%*j*0,&#]#%*kE*#9*/*6*4d6#99%,&'*,"*C%,*4d%"F6"(*D
Lapus […], enfant, creusa le corps d’une aubergine, la mit sur un muret avec
une flamme dedans puisattendis sans bouger. Alors je posa une bougie dans la
courge […] et je prononça sans fin le mot « ourigie » jusqu’à voir Dieu et je vis le
monde entier finir comme une courge.
VA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*9%*B6"5&%*+0]#?,%*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*F6#(*&%-6&?,%&*[(0,(
%"* F6#'6"(* %g#'(%&* 9%'* 6,(&%'* 0=(#0"'* =0''#>9%'Ê* ?,%* 9%* 40&-#&* [9d65(%* 4%* 40&-#&^* 6,&6#(
=,*'d%g=&#-%&*6,(&%-%"(*c*0"*6*5%&(%'*&%(%",*40&-#(#0"*-6#'*5d%z(*=,*l(&%*40&-6#'0"*0,
j* 40&-%-%"(* k* [50--%* f* 96* =6]%* T@^* c* 96* 96"],%* 5&)09%* 9d6* 50-=&#'E* ?,#E* =0,&* >%6,()E
=0,&&6*=&)F.&%&*>%99%()S*O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*6,*4)>,(*4d,"%*)-#''#0"*?,d7&(%*[56&
96*j*-653#"%*f*4#&%*`0#5#*k*f*=6&F0#'*4,*>0"^*9,#*6*50"'65&)*%"*1AA1E*M0$6&#"6*'d6-,'%*4%'
#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*?,%*5365,"E*'%90"*'6*5,9(,&%*%(*'0"*=6/'E*40""%*4,*(#(&%*4%*'6*=#.5%E*45J)$0$8&
)9#0&*c*0&E*#9*"0,'*%g=9#?,%*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4d,"*(#(&%*'6"'*'#]"#F#56(#0"*$)&#(6>9%*?,d#9*6*530#'#*(0,(
'#-=9%-%"(*=6&5%*?,d#9*'0""6#(*>#%"*D*5d%'(*%"*'0--%*,"*530#g*%'(3)(#?,%E*-,'#569E*"#*=9,'E
"#*-0#"'S*B6&*%"F#"E*9%*56"5&%*%'(*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*90]#?,%*-6#'*%"50&%*'%"'#>9%*6,*>%6,E*%(
0"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%*%'(#-%&*?,%*9d6==%996(#0"*4%*56"5&%*%'(3.(%*9,#*#&6#(*(0,(*6,''#*>#%"*c*#5#E*96
$#'#0"*%'(*5%&(%'*',>C%5(#$%*-6#'*4#&%*j*+|d}%"4%-6#"*k*[GS8SE*=S*W1^*6,*9#%,*4%*e+%*9%"4%-6#"e
6*,"%*5%&(6#"%*699,&%t
+%* (69%"(* 4,* 4&6-6(,&]%* %'(* 6,''#* 4%* '6$0#&* 'd%"(0,&%&* 4d65(%,&'* 56=6>9%'* 4%* "0,'
40""%&* 9%'* 59%F'* 4%* 5%* >%6,* 4d,"* ]%"&%* "%,F* c* 6#"'#E* 46"'* '%'* %"&%]#'(&%-%"('* 4%
+538"#$I7#(&*%(*4%*4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/E*7"4&)*I6&50"*F6#(*=6''%&*9d#4)%*?,%*5%((%*%'(3)(#?,%
9#(()&6#&%*"0,$%99%*%'(*#"(#-%-%"(*9#)%*f*96*=96#"(%E*f*96*F6,(%E*6,*50-#?,%*%(*f*9d%"F6"5%*D
=%,(Hl(&%*F6,(H#9*40"5*4d6>0&4*)50,(%&*'%'*65(%,&'*6$6"(*4%*'%*-%((&%*f*9%*9#&%*h*B6&*%"F#"E
6FF#&-0"'H9%*D*'#*4%'*59%F'*%g#'(%"(E*5%*'0"(*%,g*?,#*9%'*4)(#%""%"(S
RKOKrK&,%-&#:2(E*1Q&'%-&0%/-&-*/-&$%-&#)%2$$%<,#')%'*bf*%(*9fE*$0#5#*%"*(0,(*56'*4d6,(&%'*=%&9%'*40"(*9%*50,=6>9%*"d%'(*6,(&%*?,%*5%*F6-%,g
B6"5&%*+0]#?,%*?,#*'0--%#99%*%"*9d6,(%,&*%(*%"*5365,"*4%*"0,'*D*j*:#%"*?,%*C%*'0#$%*4%
9d6,(d5s()*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AUÊ*j*?,.?,%*530'%*k*[GS8SE*=S*1A@Ê*j*,"*=0&5*#--6''%*k*[`SaSE*=S
TLÊ*j*I6*$#%*%'(*F#"#(%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@@QÊ*j*M0'*-0('*53,(%"(*4,*r#9*k*[;SNSE*=S*@1A^S*a,6"(
6,*-0(*/60,&(E*#9*4%$#%"4&6*j*/0]0,&*k*[=S*WU^*%(*j*/6H30,&*k*[=S*WTÊ*5%*4%&"#%&*-0(*=0,$6"(
)$%"(,%99%-%"(*,"*4%'*4%&"#%&'*)=#'04%'*[j*x6300'*k^*4%'*N9S.0&/'(&'V#::$;&)S*Od6,(&%'
(0,&",&%'*F6-#9#.&%'*[%(*9#)%'*f*4d)$%"(,%9'*655%"('Ê*&%9.$%"(*4d,"*&%]#'(&%*=6&9)*#"50&&%5(
4d,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%*6564)-#?,%*[-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*4d,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%*j*-6564)-#?,%*k^*D
j*Gd6#*6#-)*96*$#%*6,(6"(*?,dl-d*4)(%'(%*k*[`SaSE*=S*XVÊ*j*a,%99%*3%,&%*%'(H/*h*k*[`SaSE*=S*LAÊ
j*+d%"4%-6#"*-6(#"*4d%,5%*C0,&*4d()".>&%'*k*[`SaSE*=S*TX^S*M0(0"'*%"50&%E*46"'*D.:/7.E&
[9%'*%&&%,&'*50"5%&"6"(*4)5#4)-%"(*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'Ê*9%*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&*4d,"*=%&'0""6]%
?,6'#-%"(*#"56=6>9%*4%*F6#&%*,"%*=3&6'%*'6"'*F6,(%'*c*5%96*4)>0,53%&6*=l9%H-l9%*',&*4%'
-0('*5056''%'*(%9'*?,%*j*56&56(0%'E*69(%&56?,%(%&E*56=36&"6&,-*k*[=S*XLAÊ*j*6556=6&6(%,&E
6''6''#"6(%,&*k*[=S*XU1Ê*0,*j*'=6&(#%""%E*96"(%&-0/)%E*]04%9,&0"*k*[=S*XUA^*q*j*7&&#.&%E
B3)"6=#"%*m*k*=0,&&6*0==0'%&*Z69'(6F%SSS
K"*'0--%E*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*j*6'',-%*96*F6,(%*k*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*B%"4&6&'
?,#E*-69]&)*9d6-0,&*?,d#9*4#'6#(*=0&(%&*f*5%'*4%&"#.&%'E*%''6/6#(*(0,(*4%*-l-%*4%*9%'*)$#(%&*c*#9
'd%"*%g=9#?,6*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*,"*50,&(*=0.-%*%"*=&0'%*#"(#(,9)*B0?,#99%'*%(*(#&)*4,*&%5,%#9*6#
*h#)'(#'?98(&*D*j*+%'*F6,(%'*4d0&(30]&6=3%*%(*9%'*50?,#99%'*F0"(*-0"*>0"3%,&S*\*R9*/*6*4%'
C0,&'*0,*Cd%"*F%&6#'*%g=&.'S*\*Bd%'(*(&#53%&S*\*Gd6#-%*>%6,50,=*9%'*F6,(%'*4%*=&0"0"5#6(#0"*9%'
3)'#(6(#0"'*4%*96*96"],%*%(*9d655%"(*4%*(0,'*9%'*(%&&0#&'S*k*c*#5#E*96*4%&"#.&%*=3&6'%*=0,&&6#(E
'%->9%H(H#9E*l(&%*=&0"0"5)%*=6&*9d6,(%,&SSS
I6#'*=0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*f*9d%"F6"5%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*%(*5#(%&*5%((%*F0#'*796#"*:0&%&E*"0,'
"0,'* =%&-%((&0"'* 4%* &%=&04,#&%* #5#* ,"* =6''6]%* 6''%u* 90"]* 4%* '0"* 6&(#59%E* (#&)* 4%* N.:G)&
V@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
QV
P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#';&)=&* *%(*'d#"(#(,96"(*j*M0$6&#"6*+dJ#96&0(&6])4#%"*k*["0,$%6,*56'
4d0g/-0(^*D
Drôle dans notre contexte comme dans le leur Les Arcaniens d’Aristophane,
Le Dr Faustroll de Jarry, La Résistible ascension de Brecht ou L’île pourpre de
Boulgakov, Le Babil des classes dangereuses de Novarina, titre générique de
sa langue à l’œuvre, sa langue en cours, se place sous le signe de l’enfance,
des classes sociales mais d’abord scolaires, du babil enfantin dont Jacobson,
dans Langage enfantin et aphasie, rappelle qu’il a partie liée avec l’impossibilité
d’énoncer (au point que ces trois mots du titre, rapporté à la fameuse étymologie
de l’infans, n’en font qu’un) : d’emblée, les « parlages vides de sens, les labils
ème
vides de Novarina s’inscrivent dans la Poësie, assurément, au sens du XVII
siècle, non dans un genre littéraire mais dans la langue même, renouant avec un
axe peu fréquenté des Belles-Lettres, le « bébé babil » de Joyce dans Anna Livia
Plurabelle, le « babil du sens » de Barthes dans S/Z, le « babil ou le dialogue »
de Leclaire, sinon le mystérieux « babil effilé » de Corneille dans La Comédie
des Tuileries : parce qu’une œuvre réinvente ses devanciers elle chamboule
nos bibliothèques (babil étant l’anagramme de bibal, comme disent les rats
de bibliothèque) et confond la langue -Tour de Babel en « tour de Babil » de
Piersens.
86"'*=6&9%&*50--%*796#"*:0&%&*j*4d#-=0''#>#9#()*4d)"0"5%&*kE*"0,'*=6&9%&0"'*C,'(%*4d,"%
4#FF#5,9()*f*=&0"0"5%&*%(*f*(&0,$%&*9%'*-0('*C,'(%'*?,#*=0,&&6*40""%&*9#%,*f*4%'*F0&-,96(#0"'
5056''%'*%(*#"50"]&,%'*50--%*j*9%'*0=#()6,g*4%'*]%"'*'6"'*9%'*0&%#99%'*k*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/
?9)7/*[=S*QLW^*q*%g=&%''#0"*?,#E*)(6"(*40"")*9%*',C%(*4%*96*=#.5%*[-6#'*"%*9d6FF#&-0"'*=6'Ê
4)'#]"%*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*'%&$#5%*4%'*-,(#9)'*4%*],%&&%S*+%'*F0&-,96(#0"'*4%*5%*(/=%*F0,&-#99%"(*%"
F6#(*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*c*"0(0"'H%"*%"50&%*?,%9?,%'H,"%'*?,#*"0,'*=6&6#''%"(
'#]"#F#56(#$%'E*6#"'#*5%*=9)0"6'-%*50-#?,%*D*j*&)F9)$)53#&*6")$%5*(l(6''%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QW1^S
;,*%"50&%*5%((%*6FF#&-6(#0"*D*j*-6*=%&'=%5(#$%*%'(*6")6"(#(%*[GS8SE*=S*@@Q^S*<6&F0#'E*9%*'%"'
%'(*(0,(*f*F6#(*#-=0''#>9%*f*(&0,$%&*50--%*46"'*5%((%*>%99%*=3&6'%*#"50&&%5(%*%(*&/(3-)%*D
j*B%"(*$6,(*9%'*]&0'*4%'*4,&'*4,*=6"(696&4*?,#*-6g%*k*[OS`SE*=SU@^S*I6#'*%"*F6#(E*5d%'(*',&(0,(
46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*?,%*96*F6,(%*%'(*&%#"%*c*5d%'(*$&6#-%"(*46"'*5%((%*=#.5%E*"0,'*/
#"'#'(%&0"'*=9,'*90#"E*?,%*5,9-#"%*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*6==%9%&*9d6&(*>&,(*"0$6&#"#%"S
RKOKnK&?/&4%1&'P*)(242"%-&'%&4*1(%-&'P#)(<#0)*:<%
R9*%'(*5%&(6#"*?,%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*0"*6''#'(%*f*,"*$)&#(6>9%*F%'(#$69*4%*F6,(%'*D*-l-%
9%'*=%&'0""6]%'*?,#*"%*4%$&6#%"(*=6'*%"*F6#&%*%"*F0"(*q*6#"'#*4%*86&]%0"*+0&%(*?,#*=&)(%"4
$0,90#&*40""%&*,"*50,&'*4d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*96"],%*[=S*QTX^S*O.'*96*j*-6(#%&"%99%*k*[=S*QTTÊ*0"
=6&9%*4%*F6b0"*#"50&&%5(%*c*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*9d)509%*%'(*j*'=09#6"(%*k*%(*0"*=6&9%&6*4d6#99%,&'
4,*j*'=096#&%*k*[=S*QTT^S
+6*'/"(6g%*"0"*=9,'*"d%'(*=6'*&%'=%5()%*50--%*46"'*j*R99#5,''%*?,d0"*-d4,*(&0,?,%
?,d0"* '0&(%* 5d%'(* 9f* k* [=S* QXLÊ* 0o* 0"* 6* 9d#-=&%''#0"* ?,%* 9%'* 9%((&%'* 0"(* )()* =%&-,()%'
[j* a,d0"* -d'0&(%* #99#5,''%* 4,* (&0,* ?,d%'(* 9f* k* 6/6"(* 4)Cf* =9,'* 4%* '%"'^S* O%* -l-%* j* 9%'
?,6(&%*5&)6(,&0"'*?,%*9%*()"0&*869=l(&#%&*$0,96#(*?,d%99%'*'0&(%"(E*'0"(*9f*k*"%*$%,(*5%&(%'
=6'*4#&%*]&6"4*530'%*-6#'*"d%'(*=6'*"0"*=9,'*50&&%5(*',&*,"*=96"*'/"(6g#?,%*c*j*9%'*?,6(&%'
5&)6(,&0"'E* 40"(* 9%* ()"0&* 869=l(&#%&* $0,96#%"(* ?,d%99%'* '0&(%"(E* '0"(* 9f* k* '%&6#(* 4)Cf* =9,'
655%=(6>9%S*I0#"'*]&6$%*D*j*+,#*F0,'*=6'H/*96*-6#"*k*[+SISE*=S*QTU^*?,#*4%$&6#(*'%*4#&%*j*+,#
QV
**796#"*:0&%&E*j*M0$6&#"6*+dJ#96&0(&6])4#%"*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.S*L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*TLS
V1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
F0,'*=6'*96*-6#"*k*0,*f*96*&#],%,&*j*Z0,'H/*=6'*96*-6#"*k*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*a,d%99%*3%,&%H/HuH
0"(*4#(*?,d#9*%'(*k*h*[;SRSE*=S*WQ^*D*j*a,%99%*3%,&%*0"(H#9'*4#(*?,d#9*)(6#(*h*k*'%->9%*,"%*(0,&",&%
=9,'*50&&%5(%S
;,(&%* 9%'* j* 0=#()6,g* 4%'* ]%"'* '6"'* 9%'* 0&%#99%'* k* [=S* QLW^* %(* =0,&* &%'(%&* 46"'* 4.
4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*#9*/*6*6,''#*4%'*j*5,9'*]&#"b6,g*k*[=S*QUV^*%(*4%'*-0('*>#u6&&%'*50--%
j*=0#9,H"6$%*k*[=S*WLWÊ*j*-)56",''#%"*k*[=S*QX1Ê*j*B&)=,'5,9%-%"(*k*[=S*WXTÊ*j*=&%''%'
96"],%&%,'%'*k*[=S*WLWÊ*j*50H",>#9%*k*[=S*QTLÊ*j*=6(&6"5#.&%*k*[=S*QXU^*'6"'*50-=(%&*9%'
%g=&%''#0"'*50&&%5(%'*-6#'*=6&F6#(%-%"(*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%'*50--%*j*+%*'0"]%*4%'*F%''%'
6*%g#'()*k*[=S*XAV^*0,*j*`6*6,*F0,E*Cd6#*]#59)*m*I69*f*-0"*'(6]%S*k*[=S*WQQ^S
B%96*4#(E*&%4#'0"'H9%E*#9*/*6*$&6#-%"(*,"%*%'(3)(#?,%*4%*96*F6,(%*%(*?,6"4*0"*-6w(&#'%*,"
=%,*9%*"0$6&#"#%"E*0"*=%,(*=6&*-0-%"('E*530'%*(&.'*)(&6"]%E*"%*=6'*l(&%*(0,(*f*F6#(*4d6550&4
6$%5* 5%&(6#"'* 530#g* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* 9,#H-l-%* c* 6#"'#E* 96* =3&6'%* =0,&(6"(* f* =%,* =&.'* 50&&%5(%
j*M0,'*9%$0"'*f*(0,'*"0'*5,9'*%"(30,'#6'-6"('*k*"0,'*=6&6w(*F6,(#$%*56&*46"'*9d%'(3)(#?,%
"0$6&#"#%""%*%(*f*9d#-6]%*4%'*j*5,9'*]&#"b6,g*kE*5d%'(*=9,(s(*j%"(30,'#6'-6,g*k**?,d#9*6,&6#(
F699,*4#&%*D*?,d%"*=%"'%&6#(*M0$6&#"6*h*M0,'*'%&#0"'*(&.'*5,&#%,g*4%*9%*'6$0#&S
K"* -6(#.&%* 4%* F6,(%'E* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/* "d%'(* =6'* %"* &%'(%* D
j*4)C%,"6]%*k*[=S*1QWÊ*j*-6&-0""64%'*k*[=S*1UAÊ*j*P9s-%"(*'d)5&#(*k*[=S*1ATÊ*j*>0,#99#%
#"F%g%*k*[=S*1@T^S*;"*=&0=0'%*%"50&%*j*(l(,%-%"(*k*[=S*1WVÊ*5%*?,#*"d%'(*=6'*'#*6>',&4%
56&*,"*(%9*=&0$%&>%*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*%g#'(%&*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*50""%5(,4%*k*[=S*Q@1^*D*6=&.'
(0,(E*G6&&/*4#'6#(*>#%"*j*50""%g#()'*k*-l-%*'#*5d%'(*e50""%g#0"'e*?,#E*%"*F&6"b6#'*65(,%9E
'%->9%*9d6$0#&*%-=0&()S
Bd%'(*?,d0"*#"$%"(%*6,''#*4%'*-0('*50--%*j*59#&?,%,&*k*[=S*1@T^*0,*j*9,"%56&"%*k*[=S
1VW^S* B%96* 4#(E* 5%&(6#"%'* %g=&%''#0"'* =%,$%"(* =&)'%"(%&* ,"* #"()&l(* =0)(#?,%* %(\0,
3,-0&#'(#?,%D*7#"'#E*9%'*j*7->,96(%,&'*4,*'0--%*k*'0"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%'*'0-"6->,9%'*[=S
QA1^S*+d#99,'#0"*4d0=(#?,%*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*#"4#99,'#0"*'50=#?,%*k*[=S*@XV^S*a,6"(*6,g
j*=#?,%H"#5#%"'*k*%(*6,g*j*=#?,%H"#5#%""%'*k*[=S*Q@AÊ*#9'*'%->9%"(*&%=&)'%"(%&*,"*"0,$%6,
=6&(#*=09#(#?,%S*+%*j*40,(%,&*kE*9,#E*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*405(%,&*'5%=(#?,%*[=S*@UT^S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*0"*-)96"]%*j*`0,9%uH$0,'*>#%"*k*%(*j*'d#9*(%*=96w(*k*46"'*9d#"50&&%5(
j* $0,9%uH$0,'* 'd#9* (%* =96w(* k* [=S* TW^S* 7,(&%* F6,(%* ['6"'* 40,(%* 9#)%* f* ,"%* =&0"0"5#6(#0"
5&#(#?,6>9%^* D* j* 7'509(%u* 5%* ?,%* C%* $09%* $0,'* 4#&%* k* [=S* @W1Ê* j* 7'509(%u* k* &6==%96"(
j*7,'5,9(%u*kS*O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%*F%,*4d6&(#F#5%*50"(#",%*6$%5*j*%g=&#-6(#0"*k*[=S
1A@^* %(* j* 50->#"6(#0"* k* [=S* @UT^* 6#"'#* ?,d,"* (#&* ]&0,=)E* f* 96* =6]%* VL* D* j* 96&-#0('* kE
j* F90,=#0('* kE* j* 50,=96&4'* kS* ;"* 4)9#&%&6* -l-%* 50-=9.(%-%"(* 6$%5* 4%'* -0('* (0,(* f* F6#(
6>%&&6"('*50--%*j*Z0&-#40>)9)4&0"*k*[=S*@U@^*0,*f*96*=6]%*@U1*k*M6&504)0"-#99#>90?,%*kE
j*86,5#''0"6&4%'*k*%(*j*+,-#"#F04%&#%'*4d)9#9#-#F%&4#%'*kS*O6"'*N9#/*"#$*+.=$7&O*:&*7&?%/E
0"*'d%g=&#-%*%"*j*=3&6'%'*-69*F6#(%'*k*[=S*XQ^*%(*%"*j*=3&6'%'*4%*'%"'*F%&-)'*k*[=S*X1^
(6"4#'*?,%*46"'*F&'/#$/B'0"*j*|C%((%}*=6&(0,(*4%'*=9,&#%9'*#"50-=9%('*k*[=S*WA^S*O6"'*9%'*=#.5%'
?,#*',#$%"(E*96*I653#"%*f*F6#&%*4%'*F6,(%'*F0"5(#0""%*(0,C0,&'*-6#'*4%*F6b0"*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'
=0"5(,%99%*c*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*=6&*%g%-=9%E*%99%*'d%->699%&6*9#(()&69%-%"(*6,*-0-%"(*4%
96*'5."%*3#96&6"(%*[%(*)$0?,)%*5#H6$6"(^*4%'*50"C,]6#'0"'*#"50&&%5(%'S
RKOKOpK&,P%/4*/"%&%-(&1/%&()7-&5*19*2-%&4#)5*(2#/
:&%FE* #9* /* 6* 46"'* 5%(* ,"#$%&'* 50-#?,%* F6#(* 4%* F6,(%'* %(* 4d%"F6"5%['^* 50--%* ,"%
#"50-=&)3%"'#0"* 4%* 5%9,#* 4%'* j* 64,9(%'* k* [C,])* =%,(Hl(&%* F6,''%-%"(* ')&#%,g^* 6,?,%9* #9
'%->9%*,"%*&)=0"'%*=0(653%E*,"*=#%4*4%*"%u*=6(6=3/'#?,%*D*j*K9%$)*46"'*,"*]6-#"6#&%E*C%
50-=&%"6#'*=9,'*&#%"*6,*&)%9*64,9(#"S*k*[GS8SE*=S*UX^*D*5%((%*=3&6'%*=0,&&6#(*$0,90#&*4#&%*?,%
9%*j*]6-#"6#&%*k*[9d)509%*h^*536"]%*=0,&*(0,C0,&'*9%*&%]6&4*?,%*9d%"F6"(*=0&(%*',&*9%*-0"4%*c
VQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*5%*4%&"#%&*4%*?,#((%&*5%&(6#"'*&%=.&%'*%(*4%*j*=6''%&*f*6,(&%*530'%*kE*4d)$#(%&
96*F6,(%*=6&*%g%-=9%S
<6&*,"%*F0&-%*=6&F0#'*50-#?,%*4d6"6&53#%E*#9*/*6*#5#*6,*50"(&6#&%*=90"])%*46"'*96*F6,(%E
=96#'#&*',>(#9*4d%"*=&0=0'%&E*4%*-6"#.&%*f*F6#&%*%"*'0&(%*[5d%'(*,"%*4%'*3/=0(3.'%'*=0''#>9%'^
?,%* j* 9%'* 0FF#5#%9'* |'d6FF09%"(}* kE* j* '%,9'* 9%'* 6,(&%'* |'6536"(}* %"50&%* ?,0#* 4#&%* k* [=0,&
&%=&%"4&%*,"%*4#46'569#%*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/^S*O%*-l-%E*90&'?,%E*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A
.8$?.#AE*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*4dk*%"F6"5%['^*4d#"'5&#=(#0"*kE*5%96*=%,(*5%&(%'*'d6==9#?,%&*6,g*)5&#('
56-0,F9)'*4,*C%,"%*j*C%*k*[5%*?,#*%'(*4d6#99%,&'E*'%->9%H(H#9E*6''%u*6,(0>#0]&6=3#?,%^*-6#'
)]69%-%"(* [=0,&?,0#* =6'* h^* f* 96* =6=%&6''%&#%* %(* f* (0,(%'* 9%'* F0&-69#()'[\(&656''%&#%'* h^
64-#"#'(&6(#$%'* ?,#* 50--%"5%"(* %"* F6#(* 4.'* 9d)509%* D* F#53%'* f* &%-=9#&* %"* 4)>,(* 4d6"")%E
>,99%(#"'*f*F6#&%*'#]"%&*=6&*9%'*=6&%"('E*563#%&*4%*(%g(%E*56&"%(*4%*9#6#'0"E*%(5S
+d6,(%,&* 9,#H-l-%* '%->9%* 40"5* 6$0#&* ]6&4)* ,"* =#%4* %"* %"F6"5%* [9%'* %"F6"5%'
50"'(#(,6"(*4d6#99%,&'*,"*]%"&%*9#(()&6#&%*6,?,%9E*(%9*N6>%96#'E*#9*'%->9%*'%*=&l(%&*$090"(#%&'E
"0(6--%"(* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A^* D* 4%* 9f* 9,#* $#%""%"(* '6"'* 40,(%* '0"* )"%&]#%
5&)6(&#5%*%(*'0"*]0z(*=0,&*9%*C%,*6$%5*9%'*-0('*c*=0,&(6"(E*f*9d%"*5&0#&%*'0"*56'*'%&6#(*90#"
4dl(&%*=6&(#5,9#%&*=,#'?,d#9*)5&#(*46"'*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&*D*j*R9*/*6*%"*"0,'*,"*%'=&#(*C0,%,&E
,"*%"F6"(*?,#*-#-%E*,"%*=%"')%*?,#*(&0,$%*96*=6&09%*%"*'%*'0,$%"6"(*4d,"*6#&*=%&4,S*+6
=%"')%*'%*(&0,$%*%"*46"'6"(*kS
WA
O6"'*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*k E*I6&#%HG0')*I0"4u6#"*4#(*4%*9d6,(%,&*?,d#9*j*|530#'#(}*9%'*-0('
4%*9d%"536"(%-%"(E*4,*=96#'#&*4%*4#&%E*4%'*-0('*?,#*'0"(*%"*','=%"'*',&*96*>&6"53%*50--%*9%
'0,&#&%*F90(()*4d,"*5%&(6#"*536(*'6"'*50&='*?,#*=96#'6#(*f*9d#"?,#)(,4%*4d79#5%E*%99%*?,d#"?,#)(6#(
6,''#*,"*r,F*4)&6#'0""6>9%*&6#'0""6"(*6,*>0&4*4d,"*-,&*=0,&*?,%*$65#99%*9%*'%"'*=6&*'#-=9%
W@
F6#(*4%*96*50"$%&'6(#0"*kS*K"F#"E*=0,&*(%&-#"%&*5%(*6&(#59% E*%99%*=%"'%&6*f*96*96"],%*4d,"
6,(&%*56"5&%*[50-#?,%*'#*9d0"*$%,(^*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%*D
Je pense à la langue de Céline qui a commencé elle aussi d’abord par être une
douleur d’enfant. Une panique inconsolable qui ne triomphe des monstres que
par les voies de l’écriture. Céline fidèle aux craquements des mots sous la dent, à
la fluidité du verbe dans la salive, a pratiqué avec génie la vitupération exorbitée,
comme si la conjuration de son désespoir n’avait d’issue qu’excrémentielle. Il
s’est exclu du salut parce qu’il ne savait plus saluer. Novarina me semble parfois
l’une des plus pures réponses à l’infamie de ce siècle […]. Il ne prend la parole
que pour la donner. Son écriture n’est ni production, ni excrétion, elle est une
geste.
B%((%*]%'(%*)$0?,)%*=6&*I6&#%HG0')*I0"4u6#"*6*=%,(Hl(&%*f*$0#&*6$%5*9%'*-#"#H)=0=)%'
?,%*9d%"F6"(*=%,(*'%*&650"(%&*%"*F0,#996"(*46"'*'6*56#''%*f*C0,%('*D*=%(#(%'*$0#(,&%'E*=0,=)%'E
=%9,53%'*%(*F#],&#"%'*%"*=96'(#?,%*'d#"()]&%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*4%'*3#'(0#&%'*F6"(6'(#?,%'*&%9%$6"(
4,*"0$6&#"#%"S*7,*F0"4E*5%*?,%*$%,(*9d6,(%,&E*5d%'(*&%(&0,$%&*96*j*>0w(%*6$%5*9%'*=%(#('*30--%'
4%46"'*k*40"(*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*Q1^*%(*9%'*j*=%(#(%'*6,(0'*46"'*9%*=9656&4*k
40"(*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*TL^S
O%*F6b0"*(0,(*6,''#*',>C%5(#$%E*#9*/*6,&6#(*40"5E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*,"%*5&#(#?,%*&%96(#$%
4%*9d#"'(#(,(#0"*'5096#&%*[=%,(Hl(&%*=6&F0#'*>&#-6"(%*%(*(&0=*"0&-6(#$%^*%(*50--%*,"*&%F,'*4%
'#]"#F#%&*?,%*9d%"F6"5%*%'(*j*9%*=9,'*>%9*p]%*4%*96*$#%*k*q*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*VXÊ
0"*=6&9%*-l-%*4%*j*9d#->)5#9%*(&6])4#%*4%*9d%"F6"5%*kS*K"F#"E*6,*40'*4%*4538"#$I7#(&E*%"
?,6(&#.-%*4%*50,$%&(,&%E*0"*=0,&&6*9#&%*5%'*?,%9?,%'*9#]"%'*6''%u*)"#]-6(#?,%*D*j*B%((%
WA
**I6&#%HG0')*I0"4u6#"E*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*mkE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*Q1WS
**3=$(SE*0=S*5#(SE*=S*Q1TS
W@
VW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%"F6"5%*-6936>#9%*-%*=&)=6&6#(*0"*"%*=%,(*=9,'*-69*f*96*$#%*?,#*$6*',#$&%*D*56&*=0,&*9d30--%
q*'653%uHb6*s*%"F6"('*q*9d%"F6"5%*%'(*,"%*(&.'*-6,$6#'%*F0&-6(#0"*kS
RKOKOOK&?/&5%--*0%&:#$2(231%
K&E*A.'+:.&%"&-W)<*-%
G,'?,df*=&)'%"(E*"0,'*6$0"'*)$0?,)*96*'/-=6(3#?,%*#"'09%"5%*4%*e9d%"F6"(*`69.&%e*-6#'*'#
"0,'*)(#0"'*56=6>9%'*4%*F6#&%*,"%*$&6#%*9%5(,&%*=09#(#?,%*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*"0,'*4#&#0"'*?,%
53%u*9%*=&%-#%&*M0$6&#"6E*96*F#],&%*=&0F%''0&69%*%'(*4d%''%"5%*>0,50(#?,%*c*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
6,''#*,"*(&6#(*4d)=0?,%*%(*4%*])")&6(#0"*[5FS*=6&%"()*)509%\=09#5%*$0#&%*]&6--6#&%\F6'5#'-%^*D
j*+d0&(30]&6=3%*%'(*,"%*-6"46&#"%*k*=&)(%"46#(*0"*690&'S*20,C0,&'*%'(H#9*?,d0"*5&0#'%*'0,$%"(
4%'*j*$#96#"%'*-6w(&%''%'*kE*4%*j*$#96#"'*405(%,&'*k*[$0#&%*4%*(%&&#>9%'*%g6-#"0(6,&%'E*46"'
9%'*r,$&%'*4,*4)>,(^S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87B*5d%'(*:0,50(*9,#H-l-%*?,#*'%*50-=0&(%*%"*=&0F%''%,&*53%&536"(
f*3,-#9#%&*'%'*)9.$%'*D*j*O%*5%((%*(l(%*'%*4)]6]%*,"%*)=6#''%*F,-)%S*73E*$0,'*6$%u*4%$6"(
$0,'*,"%*C09#%*>&053%((%*4%*56"5&%'*mt*2,*"%*=%,g*&#%"*F6#&%E*(,*"%*'6#'*=6'*9%*96"]6]%t*k*[=S
XV^S*+%*-)=&#'*6FF#53)*'%&6*(0(69*D*j*8#*$0,'*699#%u*,"*=%,*=9,'*f*9d,"#$%&'#()E*$0,'*'%&#%u
-0#"'*>l(%'*k*[=S*T@^S*;&E*9%'*0,$&#%&'*#"',9()'*'%*(&0,$6"(*46"'*9d0>9#]6(#0"*4%*(&6$6#99%&E*#9*"%
'6,&6#(*l(&%*-l-%*?,%'(#0"*=0,&*%,g*4d%"(&%=&%"4&%*4%'*)(,4%'*q*"0,'*$0#5#*%"*=&)'%"5%
4d,"*$)&#(6>9%*5%&59%*$#5#%,g*D*9d)4,56(#0"*"d%'(*=6'*%"50,&6])%*=6&*9%*=0,$0#&*%"*=965%*?,#
0'%*'%*-0?,%&*4%'*965,"%'*?,d#9*6,&6#(*=,*50"(&#>,%&*f*50->9%&S*R5#E*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*-%(*%"
=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*'05#)()*3/=05&#(%*?,#*'6"5(#F#%*96*&%"(6>#9#()*6,*9#%,*4%*F6$0&#'%&*96*F0&-6(#0"
4%*'%'*596''%'*96>0&#%,'%'S*K(*'#*9d0==&#-)*=&0(%'(%E*#9*%'(*#--)4#6(%-%"(*&%-#'*f*'6*=965%
=6&*4%'*=3&6'%'*50--%*j*N%'(%*46"'*(6*"6(,&%E*:0>*k*0,E*=9,'*F6'5#'(%-%"(*#-=)&6(#F*D
j*a,%*9d0"*F6''%*(6#&%*5%'*96"],%'*?,#*F6,(%"(*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*QAV^S
7*96*=6]%*@WL*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87B*,"*0&69*'%*(&6"'F0&-%*%"*#"(%&&0]6(0#&%*D*j*a,%*$0,9%uH
$0,'*4#&%*%(*4d6>0&4*4d0o*$%"%uH$0,'E*0o*$0,9%uH$0,'*699%&E*40""%uH"0,'*4%'*%g%-=9%'*m*k
O%$6"(*(6"(*4d6]&%''#$#()E*7S*'%*(&0,>9%*%(*>6F0,#99%*D*j*;o*h*<6'S*7990"'H/*6,*=6'S*I6#'*#9*"%
F6,(*=6'*"0,'*-6&53%&*4%'','S*R9*"%*F6,(*>&6'*k*[=S*@WL^S*<,#'*9d0&69*'%*=0,&',#(*[j*&%=&%"%u
4%'*4)>,('*m*kÊ*9%'*?,%'(#0"'*'%*F0"(*]l"6"(%'*[j**I0"(&%uH%"*=9,'*k^*%(*9d%g6-#"6(&#5%E
I646-%*:0,50(E*&%'(%*46"'*'0"*&s9%*#]"0>9%*F6#(*4%*'64#'-%*%(*4%*-6,$6#'%*F0#*D*j*Kg5,'%uE
C%*"d6#*=6'*>#%"*',#$#*96*?,%,%*4%*$0(&%*=3&6'%E*0o*)(6#(*9d#"(%"(#0"*h*k*[=S*@X@^S
K"F#"E* 46"'* ,"%* '5."%* '%* '#(,6"(* 6,* 4)>,(* 4%* 96* =#.5%E* :0,50(* 50,&0""%* 4%* =6=#%&
[,"%*699,'#0"*6,*>0""%(*4dp"%*h^*5%9,#*?,#*6*)530,)*[7S`SE*=S*XT^S*7,(&%*=&6(#?,%*4)(%'(6>9%E
9%*>6530(6]%*[%(*'6*$,9]6&#()^*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*#-=9#5#(%-%"(*4)"0"5)*46"'*j*>0"*=0,''#"*6,
=6&(6]%*4,*'6$0#&E*C%*-%*3p(6#'*4d%"*4)]0>%&*9%*-%#99%,&*]&6#"*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@UT^*%(*j*Bd)(6#(
=6'*(%99%-%"(*-0"*',C%(S*Gd6,&6#'*4z*)(,4#%&*96*&%=&04,5(#0"*k*[=S*XT^S
a,6"(*6,*(%&&#>9%*`#=)&#5#%"E*#9*'d6==6&%"(%*,"*=%,*f*96*F#],&%*50-#?,%*4d,"*'6$6"(*(&.'
0>C%5(#F*40"(*96*&#],%,&*=0,&&6*F6#&%*&#&%*c*46"'*9%'*4%&"#.&%'*=#.5%'*)(,4#)%'*#5#*[5FS*50,&'*4%
+)0=094*$0"*`%&'53,%&*0,*4%*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"E*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#Ê*'#*9%*=&0F%''%,&*%'(
-0#"'*6]&%''#F*%(*F6#(*-0#"'*=%,&E*0"*&#(*(0,C0,&'*f*'%'*50,&'E*20,&"%'09*%(*B0'#",'*"d)(6"(
C6-6#'*>#%"*90#"S
K&E*A.'+:.&b&-W)<*-%&c
Bd%'(* =0,&* >#%"(s(* %(* #9* F6,(* 'd%"* &)C0,#&S* K"* 1A@AH1A@@E* M0$6&#"6* '%&6* %"'%#]")* 46"'
5%&(6#"%'* 596''%'* 4%* (%&-#"69%'* 6/6"(* =0,&* 0=(#0"'* 9%* (3)p(&%* %(* ,"* -6",%9* 4%* F&6"b6#'
VX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
W1
4%'(#")*6,g*'%50"4%'*%(*=,>9#)*6,g*)4#(#0"'*:&)69 *6550&46#(*4)Cf*,"%*=965%*6,*4&6-6(,&]%
f*(&6$%&'*,"*%g(&6#(*4%*45J)$0$8&*)9#0&'50"5%&"6"(*96*I653#"%*f*4#&%*$0#5#*[==S*1TH1UE*4%*96
=3&6'%*j*R9*=9%,(S*k*f*j*K(*5%5#*5%=%"46"(*?,%*96*",#(*(0->%*',&*9%'*(0->%6,g*k^*=&)5)4)
4d,"* (%g(%* 4%* 26&4#%,E* D$8$//&O' ;9/' %+)./&/* [(#&)* 4%* 4.' >9?I($&' (#' :.80.0&B' P699#-6&4E
@VTT^*%(*F96"?,)*4d%g%&5#5%'*?,#*"%*'0"(*=6'*'6"'*)$0?,%&*9%*+6]6&4%*%(*I#536&4*q*4)(6#9
6-,'6"(*D*,"%*F6,(%*%'(*f*"0(%&*=,#'?,%*9%'*(%g(%'*f*(&6$6#99%&*"%*'0"(*=6'*6,*"0->&%*4%
(&0#'**50--%*#"4#?,)**-6#'*4%*4%,gD
Questions : a. Quel type de traitement le langage subit-il dans chacun des trois
textes proposés ? Mettez en évidence les points communs et les différences. b.
Selon vous, quelles sont les intentions respectives de chacun des trois auteurs ?
Les textes 2 et 3 vous semblent-ils tendre au même objectif que le texte 1 ?
Justifiez vos réponses par des éléments précis. Travail d’écriture Commentaire :
Vous ferez un commentaire du texte 3. Vous insisterez notamment sur les formes
prises par la déconstruction du langage et vous analyserez de quelle façon elles
provoquent un rire qui invite à la réflexion. Dissertation : Le langage est-il, selon
vous, la matière première du comique ? Vous répondrez à cette question en un
développement composé et argumenté, en prenant appui sur le corpus mis à
votre disposition, sur les œuvres que vous avez étudiées en classe et sur vos
lectures personnelles. […]
:#%"*'z&E*5d%'(*,"*=%,*50,&(*c*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*?,d,"*4)>,(*q*%(*"0,'*e50"(#",%&0"'*9%*50->6(eS
<0,&(6"(*#5#E*?,#4*4%*9d6,(%,&*h*a,%*=%"'%H(H#9*4%*9d#"#(#6(#$%*50"'#'(6"(*f*F6#&%*F#],&%&*,"*4%
'%'*(%g(%'*46"'*5%*(/=%*4%*-6",%9*h*8#*9d0"*'%*&)F.&%*f*4#?$G)&/*(#**9)%/*[==S*@@@H@@1Ê*0"
'%*4#(*?,%*'6*=0'#(#0"*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*6,*-0#"'*5%99%*4d,"*'5%=(#?,%*D
Un morceau de littérature s’offre à nous comme le bœuf en effigie chez le
boucher : gîte à la noix, macreuse, tendron, contre-filet, second talon, bavette,
flanchet, échine et jambonneau… Un morceau de texte est là comme cadavre
sur la page, ouvert et prêt à être décortiqué… [...] Devant le cadavre – la page
arrachée au livre et que l’on épingle, devenue un objet étale et fléché – livré aux
Sciences de la Communication, élèves et professeurs deviennent médecins
légistes. Tout le monde est rassemblé et les instruments sont prêts pour que
s’ouvre une leçon de Littérature légale.
Bd%'(*>#%"*'z&*,"*)5,%#9E*-6#'*?,d#9*%'(*=0''#>9%*4d)$#(%&S*O6"'*9%*56'*4%*M0$6&#"6E*5d%'(*=9,(s(
96*=&6(#?,%*?,#*'d#-=0'%*D*=0,&*9d)(,4#%&E*#9*F6,(*9%*C0,%&S*Bd%'(*96*-%#99%,&%*4%'*6==&053%'*[%(
5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*"0,'*=&05.4%&0"'*6$%5*M#5096'*Z6,&%E*=&0F%''%,&*f*B6'(%9"6,46&/E*46"'*9%
564&%*4d,"%*#"(%&$%"(#0"*?,#*'d6""0"5%*=6''#0""6"(%^S
Zz(H5%*%"50&%*=9,'*30&'H',C%(E*=&0=0'0"'*5%*4)$%90==%-%"(*$#'6"(*f*4)F#"#&*9%*50"5%=(
4%* j* 56"5&%* 90]#?,%* k* D* "0(&%* F0"5(#0""%-%"(* =%&'0""%9* %"* =&0=0'6"(* 5%((%* (3.'%E* '6"'
l(&%* F0&5)-%"(* 5%9,#* 4d,"* 56"5&%E* %'(* %"* (0,(* 56'* 90]#?,%* 0,* 4#'0"'* =965)* '0,'* 9%* '#]"%
4%* 96* 90]#?,%S* K"* %FF%(E* =%"46"(* >#%"* 4%'* 6"")%'E* 4%* 9d)509%* f* 96* F65,9()E* 0"* '%* '%&6
=0'#(#$%-%"(*%'5&#-)*f*"0,'*%"'%#]"%&*?,d#9*%g#'(%*[5%*?,%*"0,'*"%*'6,&#0"'*50"(%'(%&^*,"%
'0&(%*4%*3#)&6&53#%*9#(()&6#&%*%(*-l-%*4%'*5&#(.&%'*0>C%5(#F'*['0,FF9%*4)-#,&]#?,%E*=,#''6"5%
4%*9d#-6]#"6(#0"E*-6w(&#'%*&3)(0&#?,%E*&,=(,&%*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*&64#569%*%(*&%96(#$%*6$%5*96*530'%
596''#?,%^*=0,&*6FF#&-%&E*=6&*%g%-=9%E*?,%*`#5(0&*J,]0*%'(*,"*]&6"4*)5&#$6#"*c*0&E*=6&(6]%6"(
'0--%*(0,(%*5%*4%&"#%&*6$#'*%(*F0&(*%"F#"*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*9%b0"'*%(*4%*5%(*%"'%#]"%-%"(E*"0,'
6$0"'*=&#'*96*-%',&%*4%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''6#(*6$%5*M0$6&#"6E*f*'6$0#&*?,d#9*)(6#(*'6"'*40,(%*"0(&%
W1
**D).8b.$/'i*'$G?&'*E*'0,'*96*4#&%5(#0"*4%*P%"%$#.$%*‚#"(%&E*I6g)$#99%*1AAWE*==S*QWLHQWVS
VT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
J,]0E*5%9,#*4%*"0(&%*])")&6(#0"E*5%9,#*4%*5%*4)>,(*4%*'#.59%*D*4%*5%*50"'(6(*?,%*"0,'*5&0/0"'
0>C%5(#F*[9d6,(%,&*&)=0"46"(*6,g*5&#(.&%'Ê*"0,'*&%"40"'*50-=(%*#5#E*%"*>0"*56"5&%*90]#?,%E
5d%'(HfH4#&%* %"* "0,'* (&0-=6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* -6#'* 5%* '%&6#(* =6&5%* ?,d6/6"(* F#"69%-%"(* =&#'* 6,
')&#%,g*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4d%"'%#]"%-%"(S*R5#E*#9*"%*'d6]#(*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*4%*=6&04#%&*9d6&]0(
4d,"*8#-0"#"*=0,&*'#]"#F#%&*6$%5*,"%*'0&(%*4%*'0,&4%*6-%&(,-%*?,%*9%*56"5&%*'%*&%>#FF%*%"
0==0'6"(*f*,"*-0"4%*6>',&4%*%(*6/6"(*=%&4,*9%*'%"'*4%*96*3#)&6&53#%*,"%*(3.'%*',&*9d6,(%,&
4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A'-6#'*4d#99,'(&%&*9d#4)%*?,%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*56"5&%*90]#?,%*k*"d%'(
=6'*F0&5)-%"(*0g/-0&#?,%*q*4%*-l-%E*'#*9%*56"5&%*"0$6&#"#%"*%'(*f*50"(&%H50,&6"(E*#9*9d%'(
50--%*,"*6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(*0>'%''#0""%9*6/6"(*4%*96*',#(%*46"'*9%'*#4)%'S
a,6"(*f*96*?,%'(#0"*4%*'6$0#&*'d#9*'%&6#(*=%&(#"%"(*4d#"#(#%&*9%'*%"F6"('*6,*"0$6&#"#%"E*"0,'
4#&0"'*?,%*96*530'%*'%&6#(*%"*(0,(*56'*=0''#>9%*%(*%"$#'6]%6>9%*D*5%&(6#"'*=6''6]%'*&%9%$6"(
4%*96*50-=(#"%*%(*5%&(6#"%'*=6&(#%'*536"()%'*50--%*+6*B36"'0"*7,(0-0>#9%*[$8*;SRS^*"%
=%,$%"(*%"*%FF%(*?,%*9%'*')4,#&%*%(*9%'*6-,'%&S*<6&*5%&(6#"'*5s()'E*9%*(&6$6#9*4,*4&6-6(,&]%
&%C0#"(*=6&F0#'*5%9,#*4d,"*<%F*[-0$69#'%,&*4%*])"#%Ê*4d,"*J%"&#*O.'E*4d,"*:0>>/*+6=0#"(%
[0,*%"50&%*4dx$%'*+%>6&'E*4%*`#"5%"(*I690"%E*4%*N064*O639*0,*-l-%*4%*2#-*:,&(0"^*c*6,
F0"4E*"0,'*'0--%'*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*4%$6"(*,"*(3)p(&%*=0,&*%"F6"('E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*56'(%9%(S
Bd%'(*40"5*#5#*?,%*9%*=6''%,&*4%$&6#(*6$0#&*96*=0''#>#9#()*4d%"(&%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*%"*=#'(%
6F#"*4%*'#]"#F#%&*6,g*C%,"%'*])")&6(#0"'*?,d#9*%g#'(%*,"%*69(%&"6(#$%*f*96*-653#"%*f*4#&%*`0#5#E
,"%*$#%*6=&.'E*?,d,"*530#g*&%'(%*(0,C0,&'*=0''#>9%*%(*?,%*4d6,(&%'*0=(#0"'*5,9(,&%99%'*'0"(
%"$#'6]%6>9%'S*8#*5%*(&6$6#9*%"*6-0"(*[4d#"F0&-6(#0"*%"*'0--%E*4%*&%"'%#]"%-%"(*4%*96
C%,"%''%^*)(6#(*%"50,&6])*=6&*9d#"'(#(,(#0"E*9%*',55.'*F6"(6'(#?,%*4%'*)-#''#0"'*()9)$#')%'
F,'(#])%'*=6&*M0$6&#"6*'%&6#(E*$8'E$8&E*=%,(Hl(&%*-0#"4&%S*B%96*5&#)*[]&#"5)*'%&6#(*=9,'*C,'(%Ê
#9* F6,4&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* "0,'* #"(%&&0]%&* f* =&)'%"(* ',&* 9%'* &6#'0"'* 4,* 530#g* "0$6&#"#%"* 4d,"%
%'(3)(#?,%*4%*9d6"6&53#%*f*-%((&%*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*96*56"5&#(,4%*50-#?,%
4d,"*%"F6"(*?,#*&%F,'%&6#(*%"*=6&(#%*9%'*50"(&6#"(%'*4d,"*,"#$%&'*'5096#&%t
RKOKORK&J)#$E0#57/%-&<15#)2-(231%-&:#1)&1/&B1$$%(2/&:*(*-"#$*2)%
<0,&*590&%*9%*536=#(&%*'5096#&%E*"0,'*=&04,#&0"'*,"*405,-%"(*4d#"'=#&6(#0"*=6(6=3/'#?,%*0o
'0"(*50"'#]")%'*(0,(%'*9%'*F6,(%'*4%*9dK509#%&*865&#=6"(*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%*c*5%&(%'*0"
50""6w(*96*j*:l(%*$#4%*kE*9%*j*B6"5&%*90]#?,%*k*%(*96*-%"(#0"*j*<%"'%*'6"'*9%'*530'%'*k*[$8
OS7S^*q*'6"'*0,>9#%&*9%'*6,(3%"(#?,%'*j*&%F,'%*9%'*'=0&('*4d)?,#=%*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*Z69'#F#%*'%'
"0(%'*%(*]&#>0,#99%*-%'*0>'%&$6(#0"'*k*q*-6#'*0"*=0,&&6#(E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*6C0,(%&*4d6,(&%'
6==&)5#6(#0"'*f*5%*4)'6'(&%,g*4)>,(*4%*>,99%(#"S
<&0=0'0"'*D*N%F,'%*4%*'6,(%&*46"'*9%*'6>9%S*Kg=90&%*4%'*u0"%'*?,#*"%*'0"(*=6'*6,
=&0]&6--%S*Z%&6#(*-#%,g*4d,(#9#'%&*9%'*-0('*6,*9#%,*4%*'%*96#''%&*(&6$%&'%&*=6&*96*=6&09%S
a,6"4*5%''%&%uH$0,'*4%*$0,'*=&%"4&%*=0,&*I0{'%*h*<0,&&6#(*F6#&%*,"*%FF0&(*%"*743)&6"5%
2%&&%'(&%S*`69.&%*"d%'(*=6'*')&#%,gS*`69.&%*F6#(*=&%,$%*4%*-6,$6#'*%'=&#(*f*9d)]6&4*4%*(0,(%
#"'(#(,(#0"S*`69.&%*"%*F6#(*6,5,"*%FF0&(*=0,&*C0,%&*9%*C%,S*`69.&%*C0,%*=%&'0S*<%&-,(%*9%'*9%((&%'
f*9d#"()&#%,&*4%'*-0('S*M)090]#'%*f*(0,(*$6S*<&6(#?,%*9d6=3)&.'%S*<&6(#?,%*9d6=050=%S*7990"]%
9%'*$056>9%'S*<&6(#?,%*9d#4#09%5(%S*!'%*4%*=)&#=3&6'%'*F90,%'S*2&,FF%*'%'*=#.5%'*4%*F6,(%'S
B0--%(*4%*]&6$%'*%&&%,&'*4%*'/"(6g%S*I)96"]%*")0H>6>)9#%""%-%"(*(0,(%'*9%'*96"],%'
4,*-0"4%S*B&#(#?,%*9d0&(30]&6=3%*%(*4)F#%*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%S*Z6#(*=6''%&*96*8%,9%*f*B)4#99%
46"'*,"%*>l(%*-653#"%*f*96$%&H'69#&*9%*96"]6]%S*K9.$%*>/u6"(#"E*'#>/99#"E*4#''#=)E*=0(653%*%(
#"'09%"(E*%(*(0,(*f*F6#(*-69*6&-)*=0,&*9%*'/'(.-%*'5096#&%S
a,%*"0,'*'0#(*40"5*=6&40"")%*9d#"#(#6(#$%*4%*5%*>,99%(#"*#-6]#"6#&%*?,d#9*'d6]#(*>#%"*'z&
4%*9#&%*50--%*,"%*=#?,%H%"H=6''6"(*6,g*%'=&#('*"0&-6(#F'*?,#*"%*50-=&%"4&0"(*C6-6#'*9d6&(
4%*N6>%96#'E*4%*B)9#"%E*4%*O,>,FF%(*0,*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*%(*?,#*"0,'*=%&-%(*',&(0,(*H*%(
VU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
5d%'(*=0,&?,0#*"0,'*"0,'*'0--%'*=%&-#'*4%*9d#"()]&%&*f*96*=&)'%"(%*(3.'%*q*4%*4)5&#&%*'0"
r,$&%*%"*5&%,gE*5%5#*%"*=0&(6"(*4%'','*,"*&%]6&4*4)'%'=)&)-%"(*'5096#&%S
RKRK&A/()%&[&L%*/&d1B144%&\&%(&,%^2-&C*))#$$
RKRKOK&,%&42$-&-:2)2(1%$&'%&d1B144%(
K&d:&/+%$&$%&:%]&b&-.&L+"")'."#'%&.A%<&#:&Q'.:$&@&L&B
Bd%'(* ',&(0,(* 9d6"6&53#%* "0$6&#"#%""%* [',&* 96?,%99%* #9* F6,4&6* &%$%"#&* (0,(* 6,* 90"]* 4%* "0(&%
(3.'%^* ?,#* %g=9#?,%* (0,(%'* 5%'* #"#(#6(#$%'* =0(653%'* %(* (0,(%'* 5%'* F6,(%'* 4d0&(30]&6=3%S
7"6&53#%*?,#*6E*'%->9%H(H#9E*=0,&*5#>9%'*=&#$#9)]#)%'*9%*'/'(.-%*'5096#&%E*9d6&>#(&6#&%*4,*'#]"%
%(*96*9#(()&6(,&%*%99%H-l-%E*9d65(%*5&)6(%,&*%(*'6*&)5%=(#0"*D*j*8653%u*?,%*5%9,#*?,#*)5&#$#(
5%5#*"d6*&#%"*f*4#&%*-6#'*$0,'*%--%&4%S*k*[OS7SE*=S*1WA^S*K"*5%96*50"'#'(%*6,''#*9d6&(*>&,(
"0$6&#"#%"*D*F6#&%*,"*=#%4*4%*"%u*f*96*+#(()&6(,&%*6$%5*,"*]&6"4*j*+*kE*-6&-0&)%""%*%(*'6"'
',&=&#'%E*%(*#"56=6>9%*4d3,-0,&*%(*4%*&)F9%g#$#()S
;"*9d6,&6*50-=&#'*D*"0,'*$0,4&#0"'*',&(0,(*#5#*-0"(&%&E*%"*640=(6"(*=0,&*50--%"5%&
,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%*(3)0&#?,%E*5%*?,#*=&)'#4%*6,*530#g*4d,"%*&3)(0&#?,%*9#(()&6#&%*&%9%$6"(*4d,"%
&,=(,&%*6$%5*96*"0&-%*%"*])")&69*%(*4%*9d6&(*>&,(*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&t
20,(*4d6>0&4E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*9d6&(*>&,(*96#''%*,"%*536"5%*f*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(E*=%,(Hl(&%
#-=&0=&%-%"(E*"0--%&*9%*',6*56,'6*D*5%9,#*?,#*9%*=&6(#?,%E*%"*'%*-6&]#"69#'6"(*=6&*&6==0&(
f*,"%*50"5%=(#0"*0FF#5#%99%*%(*"0&-6(#$%E*%"*&%F,'6"(*9%'*56"0"'*%"*$#],%,&*0,*9%'*#]"0&6"(
(0,(* f* F6#(* q* 50--%* 5%&(6#"'* 5&)6(%,&'* 6'05#6,g* [0,* 50"'#4)&)'* %"* =6&(#%* 50--%* 4%'
-6964%'*-%"(6,g^*0,*%"50&%*5%&(6#"'*=6/'6"'H6&(#'(%'*5&)6"(*4%*=0)(#?,%'*)=0,$6"(6#9'
['6"'*(0,(%F0#'*l(&%*=6'')'*=6&*96*56'%*:%6,gH6&('^*qE*5%9,#*?,#*9%*=&6(#?,%*40"5E*F6#(*'0,FF9%&
,"*$%"(*4%*9#>%&()*["0$6&#"#%"E*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%^*%(*'%->9%*(0,(*f*50,=*56=6>9%*4%*5&)%&
$&6#-%"(E* 5d%'(* f* 4#&%* ,"* =%,* 50--%* ,"* %"F6"(* ?,#* 4)50,$&%* 9%* 96"]6]%* %(* 'd%"* '%&(* f
'6*-6"#.&%S*+d6&(* >&,(E* 0"*"%* 9%* '6#(* =6'*6''%u* [%(* ?,%* "0,'* '0#(* =6&40"")%* 5%((%* 9)].&%
4#]&%''#0"Ê*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*,"%*F0&-%*4%*'6]%''%E*,"%*=3#90'0=3#%E*,"*6&(*4%*$#$&%*$0#&%
WQ
,"%*-6"#.&%*4%*j*-%"%&*'6*>6&?,%*46"'*9d%g#'(%"5%*k*c*46"'*j*B/->69,-*I,"4#*k *G%6"H
M0‡9*`,6&"%(*#&6*4d6#99%,&'*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*5%((%*#4)%*D
La philosophie anomique de Valère Novarina est un peu ce qu’est l’Art brut à l’art
académique. C’est aussi le cas de son art graphique qu’il ne faut jamais dissocier
de sa démarche d’écrivain. C’est un théâtre total que, là, nous pouvons entrevoir.
Pas celui de Wagner. Plutôt celui dont rêvait Wöfli. Une philosophie d’artiste, un
art de philosophe - l’un et l’autre, « plus ou moins coiffés de grelots », selon la
belle expression de Dubuffet.
K&=(*+e&$#&>#//*'"&%"&/'*<)$)>&"'D>&/%'>*::%->
K"(%"40"'H"0,'*>#%"*D*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%*?,%*4d6,5,"'*=%"'%"(E*9d6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(*"%*F6#(
5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*"d#-=0&(%*?,0#*D*%"*])")&69E*#9*'6#(*-l-%*(&.'*>#%"*0o*#9*$6*c*'%,9%-%"(E*#9
=&05.4%*4d,"%*-6"#.&%*0&#]#"69%*c*#9*=%,(*6&&#$%&*=6&*%g%-=9%*?,d#9*=6&(%*4%*-6()&#6,g*40"(*0"
"%*'%*'%&(*=6'*4d36>#(,4%*%(*%"*,(#9#'6"(*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*(0,(*f*F6#(*#"'09#(%'E*,"*=%,*f*9d#-6]%
4%*M0$6&#"6*46"'*'0"*,(#9#'6(#0"*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%S*O,>,FF%(E*4d6#99%,&'E*=&0F%''6#(*%"(&%*6,(&%'
?,%*9d6&(#'(%*4%$6#(*#"$%"(%&*'0"*',==0&(*%(*5d%'(*>#%"*5%*?,%*F6#(*'0"*F#9'*'=#&#(,%9S
WQ
**G%6"HM0‡9*`,6&"%(E*j*B/->69,-*-,"4#*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1XTS
VL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
7*5%(*)]6&4*%(*=0,&*#99,'(&%&*"0(&%*=&0=0'E*"0,'*"0,'*=%&-%((&0"'*4%*40""%&*5%*(,/6,
&%9%$6"(*4d,"%*%g=)&#%"5%*=%&'0""%99%*%(*?,%*"0,'*'0,36#(%&#0"'*6''%u*5,#'(&%-%"(*F6#&%
=6&(6]%&E* ',&(0,(* 6,=&.'* 4%* 96* ]&6"4%* 9)]#0"* 4%'* '5%=(#?,%'* %(* 4%'* j* 40,(#F'* k* [=0,&
&%=&%"4&%*9%*")090]#'-%*5)9#"#%"^*D*90&'?,d0"*6''#'(%*f*,"%*%g=0'#(#0"*4d,"*6&(#'(%*50--%
G%6"*O,>,FF%(E*#9*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*#"()&%''6"(*?,%*=0,&*(0,(*6,(&%*5&)6(%,&*4%*'%*&%"'%#]"%&
[%"*'%*&)F.&6"(*f*4d)$%"(,%99%'*>&053,&%'*%(*6,(&%'*9#$&%'*4d6&(*0,*%"*50"',9(6"(*9%'*=%(#('
&%5(6"]9%'*>96"5'*'0,$%"(*'#(,)'*'0,'*9%'*r,$&%'*6F#"*4%*9%'*=&)'%"(%&*',55#"5(%-%"(^*=0,&
$0#&*50--%"(*#9*=&05)46*%(*%"*?,0#*%99%'*'0"(*F6#(%'E*?,d#9*'d6]#''%*4%*'%'*9#(30]&6=3#%'*=6&
&%=0&(*4d6''%->96]%E*4%*'%'*=6/'6]%'*4%*5099#"%'*&)69#')'*f*=6&(#&*4%*$)])(6,g*[F%,#99%'E
(%&&%E*%(5SÊ*4%'*F6-%,g*=09/'(/&."%'*=%#"('*4%*9dJ0,&90,=%*[%(*4%*5%((%*(%53"#?,%E*=0,$6"(
l(&%*4#(%*4,*'(6"4H,=E*699#)%*f*,"*'#"],9#%&*=&05)4)*4%*4)50,=6]%E*?,#*=&0=0'%*$8'E$8&*,"%
'0&(%*4%*C,'(%*-#9#%,*%"(&%*=%#"(,&%*%(*'5,9=(,&%Ê*0,*%"50&%*4%*'%'*56&#56(,&%'*%"F6"(#"%'*%(
F6,''%-%"(*'0--6#&%'*[56&*4#'6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*9%,&*=%&'0""69#()^*4d)5&#$6#"'
50"",'* [+)6,(6,4* "0(6--%"(* -6#'* 6,''#* 7&(6,4E* 40"(* 9%* &%]6&4* 0=6?,%* f* 96* I04#]9#6"#
&%''%->9%* ,"* =%,* f* 5%9,#* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* )(,4#)Ê* 4,* 530#g* 4%'* 50,9%,&'* ,(#9#')%'* 46"'
'%'* &%=&)'%"(6(#0"'* 4%* &,%'* 6$%5* $)3#5,9%'* 6,(0-0>#9%'E* '6"'* =%&'=%5(#$%* $)&#(6>9%* [%(
&%''%->96"(*%"*5%96*f*4d#-=&0>6>9%'*%(*=0)(#?,%'*56&(%'*4%*])0]&6=3#%Ê*%(5SE*%(5S
`0#9fE*6,*F0"4E*9d%"C%,*4%*"0(&%*)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*D*4#&%*%"*?,0#
5d%'(*F6#(E*',&*?,%9*',==0&(*5%96*&%=0'%*%(*=6&*?,%9['^*-#&659%['^*5%96*(#%"(*4%>0,(*6,*9#%,
4%*'d)5&0,9%&*96-%"(6>9%-%"(*c*%"*'0--%*D*?,%9*%'(*9%*[h^*5#-%"(*4%*9dr,$&%E*'%'*(%"6"('E
'%'*6>0,(#''6"('E*'0"*6&53#(%5(,&%E*'0"*0&]6"#'6(#0"*])")&69%*h*Bd%'(*?,%E*46"'*'0"*&6==0&(
f* 96* 96"],%* %(* f* 96* 9#(()&6(,&%E* 46"'* '6* -6"#.&%E* =6&F0#'* 4#]"%* 4d,"* $)&#(6>9%* F0,* F,&#%,gE
4d,(#9#'%&* 5%&(6#"%'* F#],&%'* 4%* '(/9%E* M0$6&#"6* "0,'* =6&6w(* =&05)4%&* %"* 6&(#'(%* 4d6&(* >&,(* c
%(* '6"'* (0,(%F0#'* 9%* &6"]%&* 46"'* 96* 56()]0&#%* 4%'* Z0,'* +#(()&6#&%'E* &%5%"')'* "0(6--%"(
=6&*a,%"%6,*%(*:96$#%&E*0"*=0,&&6#(*)]69%-%"(*50"'#4)&%&*?,d#9*/*6*4,*:&#''%(*%"*9,#*$0#&%
4%*9d%"F6"5%*%(*,"%*4#FF#5,9()*5%&(6#"%*f*',#$&%*%(*&%'=%5(%&*9%'*-0,9%'E*&%5%((%'*%(*-04%'
4d%-=90#*36>#(,%9'S
K&@&='.O*:>&H'#".#e&B&%"&.#"'%>&M*O%:>&Q'*>>+%'>
;"* =0,&&6#(* -l-%E* %"* F%,#99%(6"(* 4%'* 0,$&6]%'* 50"'65&)'* f* 9d6&(* 4%* j* G%6"* O,>,FF%* kE
&%50"'(#(,%&*,"%*9#'(%*"0$6&#"#%""%*%"*4#6>9%*D*j*50996]%'*4d)9)-%"('*>0(6"#?,%'E*50996]%
4d6#9%'*4%*=6=#990"E*6''%->96]%*',&*=6=#%&*%"(0#9)E*6''%->96]%*4%*(s9%'*=%#"(%'E*36,(%*=p(%
',&*(0#9%E*3,#9%*',&*R'0&%9E*6''%->96]%*9#(30]&6=3#?,%*',&*=6=#%&E*6''%->96]%*4d%-=&%#"(%'E
>0#'* 4%* =96]%E* >&#'(09* 4d)=0g/E* =09/,&)(36"%* '0,=9%E* 96(%gE* $#"/9%* ',&* =6""%6,* '(&6(#F#)E
5&6/0"'*4%*50,9%,&*%(*'(/90HF%,(&%*"0#&E*]0,653%'*',&*56&(0"*F0&(E*$#"/9%*',&*=6=#%&*%"(0#9)E
-6&?,%,&*%(*'(/90H>#99%*',&*=6=#%&*f*9%((&%'E*>)(0"*=&0C%()E*(6&(696""%*6-#40"")%E*=09/'(/&."%
6$%5*(&65)'*"0#&'*%"*50"(&%=96?,)E*50(0"*=%#"(E*)=0"]%E*-p53%F%&E*9#(30]&6=3#%*',&*$)9#"E
5&6/0"*4%*-%",#'#%&*%(*5&6#%*',&*=6=#%&*4d%->6996]%E*4%"(#F&#5%*',&*=6=#%&E*6''%->96]%*4%
50?,#996]%'*%g0(#?,%'*kS
7''%u*>#u6&&%-%"(E*5%9,#*?,#*4#(*j*C%*k*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[%"*64-%((6"(
?,d#9*'0#(*'%,9^*'%->9%*6$0#&*,"%*4)-6&53%*'#-#96#&%E*f*(%9*=0#"(*?,d#9*"%*'%&6#(*=6'*6>',&4%
4%* 9d6==6&%"(%&* f* ,"* 6&(#'(%* 4d6&(* >&,(S* 7#"'#E* =0,&* 9%'* F6-%,'%'* #"'5&#=(#0"'* ?,d#9* F6,(
#-=)&6(#$%-%"(*F#g%&E*',==0&(*%(*(%53"#?,%'*=0,&&0"(*',&=&%"4&%S*7*96*=6]%*XUE*0"*,(#9#'%&6
96*5#&%*'5,9=()%*%(*9d0'*c*j*9%'*-6g#-%'*%(*9%'*4%&"#.&%'*#4)%'*k*'%&0"(*%"50&%*j*(&%'')%'
%"*(%''0"'E*%"*5&6/0"'*>&,(6,g*k*q*0"*F6#(*j*6$%5*(0,(*5%*?,#*'%*|(&0,$%}*D*=0,(&%*0,*F#5%99%
%"*F%&E*(0,(*5%*?,%*C%*(0->6#'*%"*(&0,$6"(E*4%'*>6->0,'*'0,'*4%'*=96"53%'E*4%'*&%'(%'*%"
F0&-#56*>&z9)E*%(*=6&F0#'*-l-%*'(,=#4%-%"(*&#%"E*6$%5*9%*=96(*4%'*40#]('*)5&#$6"(*f*96*-6#"*kS
VV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
7*96*=6]%*1U1E*4d6,(&%'*-)(304%'*'%&0"(*4)5&#(%'*D*j*Cd6#*F6>&#?,)*>%6,50,=*4%*&#%"*6$%5
4%'*&%'(%'*4%*(0,(*D*6$%5*4%'*>&6"53%'*4%*]96#'%*%(*4%'*(%&&%'*",99%'*%"*=0,''#.&%*4d%6,E
'6"'*9%'*-6"]%&*"#*>0#&%E*'#g*F0#'*=6&*C0,&S*k*B%*?,#*%'(*#-=&%''#0""6"(E*5d%'(*9d,&]%"5%E*96
$#09%"5%E*96*$090"()E*96*F&)")'#%*4%*5&)6(#0"*(0,(*6u#-,(*?,#*%'(*#5#*f*9dr,$&%*q*5%*?,#*%'(*,"
(&6#(*56&65()&#'(#?,%*4%*9d6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*0"*=0,&&6*530#'#&*4d)5&#&%*j*%"*#""0->&6>9%'*6&40#'%'*4%*=#''0(#.&%'
%(*6,g*-,&%('*4%*4)]9#"],)'*56]#>#'E*0,*4%*=%(#('*50,90#&'*f*(&6$%&'*9%'*&)4,#('*4%'?,%9'
-%"6#%"(*4%'*50&&#40&'*(0,(*-0&('*k*[OS7SE*=S*1Q@^S*R5#*40"5E*(0,'*9%'*-0/%"'*'%&0"(*>0"'*D
j*6"'%*4%*(6''%*)>&)53)%*k*[=S*Q@1Ê*j*%"5&%*4%*5%"4&%*k*[=S*Q@LÊ*%(5S*a,6"(*f*96*-)(304%
?,#*50"'#'(%*f*j*=%#"4&%*6,*56"#F*k*[=S*1@UÊ*%99%*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*&6==&053%&*4%*96*=%#"(,&%
6,* 50,(%6,* ?,%* =&6(#?,6#(* $6"* P0]3S* 7* 96* =6]%* XW* 4%*N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/E* 0"* "%
'%*'%&$#&6*=6'*4%'*j*5,#''%'*4%'*$0#'#"'*k*50--%*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[F0&-%
6-,'6"(%*4%*>04/*6&(*"0$6&#"#%"^*-6#'*4d*j*)50&5%'*%"*569%=#"*>9%,*k*[9%'*"0(%'*%"*?,%'(#0"
)(6"(*)5&#(%'*%"*-6936>#9%*-0&'%*6>&)])S^S*O%*-l-%*[=S*VXÊ*0"*(&0,$%&6*?,%*96*j*=%#"(,&%
f*9d0'*kE*5d%'(*>#%"*=9,'*>%6,*?,%*96*=%#"(,&%*f*9d%6,*%(*f*9d3,#9%*j*&),"#(%'*k*(6"4#'*?,%*46"'
F&*/#$/E*0"*&%F,'%&6*9d0&(3040g#%*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*=&)50"#')%'*D*j*C%*-0"*=#"5%6,*(%"6#'*-69
4&0#(*k*[=S*QV^S
B%((%*6((%"(#0"*=0&()%*f*(0,'*5%'*-6()&#6,g*C,])'*=%,*"0>9%'*%(*6,(&%'*j*|",'5,9%'}
4,*(69,'*k*[BSJSE*=S*1LV^*%'(*50--%*,"%*-#'%*%"*6>/-%*4,*(&6$6#9*9#(()&6#&%*4%*9d6,(%,&*D
6&]0(E* $%&96"E* 90,53%&>%-E* 50"(&%=%(E* 50-#?,%* (&0,=#%&E* 6#&'* 4d0=)&%((%E* 655%"('E* F6,(%'
4d0&(30]&6=3%E* F6,(%'* 4%* =&0"0"5#6(#0"E* 5,#&'E* 96=','E* ]&0'* -0('E* C%,g* 4%* -0('* e9#-#(%eE
-#&9#(0"#'-%*6'',-)E*F6&5%'*=0(653%'E*#"50"]&,#()E*56&6&6>#"%&#%'E*50-=(#"%'*#"%=(%'*D*#5#E
0"* 6'',-%E* 0"* "%* C%((%* &#%"E* (0,(* F6#(* $%"(&%* c* 9d#-=0&(6"(E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 9dr,$&%* '%* F6''%* %(
6$6"5%E*%"50&%*%(*(0,C0,&'E*50--%*,"%*&)=0"'%*(&6]#H50-#?,%E*]&6"4#0'%*%(*'6,]&%",%E*6,
4)'%'=0#&E*f*9d6>'%"5%*4%*O#%,E*6,*-6"?,%*4%*&%=.&%'*%(*f*9d6>',&4#()*4%*96*$#%S
<0,&*F#"#&E*"0,'*&%"$%&&0"'*#5#*f*,"*6&(#59%*4%*P,#996,-%*7''%9#"*#"(#(,9)*j**+%*'0,&5#%&*4%
WW
536#&*D*4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-%*k **D*50--%*"0,'*'%"'#>9%*f*96*4#-%"'#0"
6&>&,(#'(%* * [&#'?,0"'* 5%* ")090]#'-%^* 4%* 9dr,$&%* 4%* M0$6&#"6* [%(* 50"$0?,6"(* N#->6,4E
:6,4%96#&%E*a,#]"6&4E*I6996&-)E*:653%96&4E*<0"]%E*O%9%,u%E*:%5n%((E*B)9#"%*%(*B6'(6"%46
=0,&*#99,'(&%&*'0"*=&0=0'Ê*#9*"0,'*&6==%99%*%"*%FF%(*?,%*9%*(&6$6#9*4%*9d6,(%,&*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A
.8$?.#AE*j*|=)(&#''6"(}*4%*96*>0,%*k*=0,&*j*%"*|F6#&%}*4%*9d0&*k*[5FS*D).0?&87/'&7')&:$"#&/Ê
j*4)>,(%*=6&*,"*%g6-%"*-#",(#%,g*4%'*-#%((%'*53,()%'*|t}*50--%*4%'*50=%6,g*&6-6'')'
'0,'*9d)(6>9#*k*[OS<SE*=S*XTÊ*-)(304%*)$0?,6"(*6,''#*5%99%*4,*=%(#(*<0,5%(*=0,&*'0&(#&*4%*96
F0&l(S
R5#E*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*9d)5&#$6#"E*=&)(%"4*P,#996,-%*7''%9#"E*4dj6$0#&*9%*50,&6]%*4%*530#'#&*9%'
530'%'*4%*9d6"(&%E*4,*-6?,#'*%(*4%*96*-6&]%*k*%(*4dj%-=9#&*'%'*=053%'*4d0>C%('*4,*4%&"#%&
=%,*%(*4%*=&%'?,%*&#%"*=%&4,'*'6"'*0&4&%*46"'*9%'*>6'H9#%,g*%(*9%'*>6'H5s()'*k*D*0&E*5d%'(
>#%"* 6#"'#* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* =&05.4%* %(* ]6]%0"'* ?,d7''%9#"* 6* $0,9,* [50--%* * "0,'* =0,&* 9%'
F#],&%'*4%*'(/9%*%(*9%'*(%53"#?,%'*,(#9#')%'*=6&*O,>,FF%(^*=&0=0'%&*#5#*,"%*9#'(%*%"*F0&-%*4%
59#"*4dr#9*f*9d6,(%,&*[5FS*j*50''%'E*]0,''%'E*'50&#%'E*)569%'E*)569,&%'E*9,-653%99%'E*F69,"'E
F690,&4%'E*>,&]6,gE*=&6#&%'E*590$#''%'E*>&#"'*4%*-0,''%E*>&#>&%'*4%*>&0,''%E*>&0,*4%*"0#gE
>&0/6(E*>&0,'6#99%E*30,#99%E*36#&%E*36#990"E*&0]"0"'E*&0]",&%'E*&%9#?,6('E*&0]6(0"'E*]&6((,&%'E
4)=s('E*4)=0,#99%'E*=0,gE*='0?,%'E*5#&0"'E*]9.>%E*],6"0E*>&0,(#99%'*4%*56=%'E*4%*=)&#56&=%E
4%*56=,530"*%(*4%*56=',9%*kE*%(5S^S
<0,&(6"(E* 9%* 5&#(#?,%* "%* 'd6&&l(%* =6'* 9f* %(* -%(* 5%((%* $090"()* 4%* &)6==&0=&#6(#0"* %(* 4%
&%5/596]%* 6&(#'(#?,%* %"* &%96(#0"* 6$%5* ,"%* -#'%* %"* 9,-#.&%['^* 4%* 96* -0&(* %(* 4,* =6'')E* #5#
WW
**P,#996,-%*7''%9#"E*j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*D*4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*TX*f*LXS
@AA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
&),(#9#')'E* &%50-=0')'E* &%(&6$6#99)'E* &)#"$%'(#'* 4/"6-#?,%-%"(* [%(* 90]04/"6-#?,%-%"(^S
K"F#"E* #9* 5#(%* f* "0,$%6,* M0$6&#"6* '%* =&)'%"(6"(* 46"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* 50--%* ,"
j* 405(%,&* .'* =6&(#%'* >6''%'* k* [=S* L@^* 6((%"(#F* 6,g* j* =#?,%('E* &6#9'E* 50&4%'E* >,(0#&'* k* %(
j* |=6&96"(}* 6,g* 0>C%('* %(* F&6]-%"('E* 6,g* &0,%'E* 6,g* (&6$%&'%'E* f* 9d%-=&%#"(%* 4%'* '0,9#%&'
',&* 9%* '09E* 6,g* >0,90"'E* 6,g* '%"(#%&'E* 6,g* 3%&>%'* F099%'E* 6,g* (&65%'E* 6,g* =#%&&%'E* 6,g
"0->&%,g* 4)53%('* &%'()'* 9f* D* 56&(0"'E* >&#>%'* 4%* -6(#.&%* =96'(#?,%E* ]6"('E* >0,(%#99%'E
'6"469%'E* >&#>%'* -#",'5,9%'* q* (0,(%'* 5%'* 530'%'* (0->)%'E* 6>6"40"")%'E* C%()%'* 0,
>0,])%'*=6&*9%*$%"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*1WT^*?,#*F0"(*6==6&6w(&%*j*5%*=6/'6]%*-#",'5,9%E*5%((%*$0#%
f*9d6>6"40"*k*[BSJSE*=S*1WT^*%(*6,(&%'*50"(&)%'*$0904#"#%""%-%"(*=0'(H%g0(#?,%'S
K&LW.'"&H'#"&/')X)')&.#e&.'">&<#-"#'%->
;"*9d6,&6*50-=&#'E*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*4%*5%'*j*F#],&6"('*96,&)'*k*?,d0"
=&0-."%*4%*$#99%*%"*$#99%*j*6$%5*,"*6""%6,*46"'*9%*"%u*k*?,%*'(#]-6(#'%*O,>,FF%(*46"'
WX
* *
45R9??&'(#'*9??#8'\':59#;).0&* S*B%*=6&&6#"*6&(#'(#?,%*4%*9d6,(%,&*)(6#(*%"*%FF%(*4%*5%,g
?,#*=&)F)&6#(*9d6&(*[5FS*j*I0"'#%,&*7&(*k^*f*96*5,9(,&%*[5FS*j*+%*F#],&6"(*96,&)*kÊ*9d6&(*>&,(*(%9
?,d#9*9%*50"5%$6#(*)(6"(*=0,&*9,#*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=&6(#?,%E*,"*-04%*%(*,"*530#g*4%*$#%E*%(*"0"*9%
-0/%"*4%*>&#99%&*%"*'05#)()*46"'*9%'*4w"%&'*%"*$#99%S
M0(&%*#"'#'(6"5%*50"5%&"6"(*96*F#9#6(#0"*)$0?,)%*"%*',&=&%"4&6*=6'*5%,g*?,#E*6/6"(*9,
F&*/#$/E*'6$%"(*>#%"*?,%*G%6"*O,>,FF%(*/*%'(*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"%*'0&(%*4d6"]%*]6&4#%"
[96*-,'%*4%*9d6&(*>&,(*h^*?,#*#"',FF9%*$8'E$8&*4%'*=%"')%'*=0'#(#$%'*%(*,"%*'0&(%*4d%"$#%*4%
$#$&%*[?,#*)(6#(*50--%*=%&4,%^*%(*4%*50--,"#%&*f*"0,$%6,*6$%5*96*"6(,&%E*9%'*530'%'*%(
9%*50'-0'*c*"0,'*'%&#0"'*F0&(*',&=&#'*4d6==&%"4&%*?,%*9%*530#g*4%*5%*"0-H9f*Fz(*9%*F&,#(*4,
36'6&4S
O,>,FF%(*)(6#(*)]69%-%"(*)5&#$6#"*%(*'0"*6&(*>&,(*=0,$6#(*F0&(*>#%"E*690&'E*=6''%&*=6&[\
46"'^*9d)5&#(,&%*c*5d%'(*5%*?,d799%"*8S*‚%#''*"0,'*&6==%99%*46"'*j*+6*=6&09%*)596()%*k*D
Le désir d’infléchir, en fait de transformer, l’écriture en utilisant des formes
vocales quotidiennes transcrites phonétiquement a amené Dubuffet à créer ce
qu’il a appelé son « jargon », ses « frénésies », des textes littéraires tel que LER
DLA CANPANE ANVOUAIAJE ET LABONFAM ABEBER LER DLA CAMPANE
(« l’air de la campagne »), par exemple, commence ainsi : SQON NAPELE LEPE
ISAGE SAVEDIR LA CANPANE IARIIN QI MANBETE COMSA LACANPANE » (Ce
qu’on appelle le paysage, ça veut dire la campagne, il n’y a rien qui m’embête
comme ça la campagne). Cette procédure - qui apparaît clairement dans les
premiers exemples de littérature française, comme Le serment de Strasbourg, et
qui est très valorisée dans les écrits allant de Rabelais à Céline, trouve également
46
son origine dans certains écrits bruts […].
;"*=%,(*=%"'%&*?,%*9d6,(%,&*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*'d#"'5&#(*6&(#'(#?,%-%"(*46"'*,"%*9#]")%
?,#*#&6#(*40"5*4%*N6>%96#'*f*O,>,FF%(S*K"50&%*=9,'*',>C%5(#$%-%"(*%(*%"*F0&-,96"(*=%,(Hl(&%
#5#*,"%*)"0&-#()E*#9*'%*=%,(*-l-%*?,%*9d#"()&l(*4,*4&6-6(,&]%*=0,&*I646-%*P,/0"*$#%""%
4%*5%*?,%*5%&(6#"'*4%*'%'*)5&#('*[50--%*5%9,#*?,d#9*5#(%*46"'*@&?&#)&'E).0$:&^*0"(*F#"69%-%"(
96*-l-%*6,465%*%(*96*-l-%*#"$%"(#$#()*?,%*5%&(6#"'*)5&#('*4d6&(*>&,(*[6''%u*=&053%'E*%"
'0--%E*4%*5%*?,d#9*)5&#(*9,#H-l-%^*D*j*I6*-0&(*-%*'%->9%*,"*>#C0,*\*7,(0,&*4%*-0"*50,*kS
K"F#"* 46"'* 96* 4#'(#"5(#0"* 0=)&)%* 46"'* 45C8;&)/' (&* :5&/%)$7* %"(&%* '65&)* %(* 86#"([\I%''#%Ê
WX
**G%6"*O,>,FF%(E*45R9??&'(#'*9??#8'\':59#;).0&E*0=S*5#(E*=S*V@S
46
&f--%:&UF&g%+>>?&@&L.&/.'*-%&)<-.")%&B?&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.F&7()G"'%>&$#&A%'H%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&01JF
@A@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
0"* &%(&0,$%* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* =%,* 96* 4#'(#"5(#0"* 6&(\5,9(,&%* 53.&%* f* G%6"* O,>,FF%(* q* ?,0#* ?,d#9
%"*'0#(E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*F0&-%*4d6&(*>&,(*%'(*)$0?,)%*46"'*5%((%*r,$&%*6,g*=6]%*TUHUW*[5FS
j*+0,6"]%*4,*'09*k^S*<&)5#'0"'*%"50&%*?,%E*53%u*O,>,FF%(*%(*M0$6&#"6E*9d6&(*>&,(*50"5%&"%
6,''#*-,'#?,%*%(*-,'#569#()SSS
K&C+*-%:<%?&.'H'#+"+>M%&%"&.Q'%>>+*:
R5#E* "0,'* 6==6&%"(%&0"'* 9%,&* (&6$6#9E* 5%9,#* 4,* =6&&6#"* %(* 5%9,#* 4,* F#99%,9E* * f* 5%9,#* 4d,"
J%&-%(0*<6'5069*?,#*[46"'*96*4)-6&53%*])")&69%*%(*96*=3#90'0=3#%*6&(*>&,(Ê*9%,&*&%''%->9%
>%6,50,=*c*5#(0"'*40"5E*"0"*=0,&*9d6"%540(%*-6#'*6F#"*4%*&%>0"4#&*4%'','E*96*=&)'%"(6(#0"
(&.'*'0--6#&%*4d,"*F#9-*[5FS*R&)?&79'-./*9.:E*:5.::#?I'7)9%$*.:^*?,#*F,(*50"'65&)*f*5%*4%&"#%&*D
[…] accordéoniste, flûtiste, joueur de tuba ou de saxophone, tout ce qui vibre est
propice à la musique d’Hermeto Pascoal qui n’hésite pas non plus à s’emparer de
matériel de récupération, tubes en plastique ou pièces de ferraille, pour faire de
la musique, lorsqu’il n’enregistre pas en compagnie d’un troupeau de cochons !
Pour Hermeto, musique et vie quotidienne ne font qu’un. […] chaque journée
est l’occasion de découvrir de nouveaux alliages sonores qui constitueront ce
folklore inventé de toutes pièces par le maître et ses musiciens à partir de vieilles
racines nordestines.
R9* '%* (&0,$%* ?,%* 5%((%* 4,69#()* #"$%"(#0"\(&64#(#0"* =&0=0')%* =6&* <6'5069* [40"(* 9%
=&)"0-* '%->9%* >#u6&&%-%"(* 6,''#* "0,'* ',]])&%&* 9d#4)%* 4d,"* 3%&-)(#'-%^* %'(* ,"%* 4%'
56&65()&#'(#?,%'*=&%-#.&%'*4%*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6S*+%*>)-09E*'#*9d0"*=%,(*4#&%E*5d%'(*?,%
5%&(6#"'* =,>9#5'* F,#%"(* 9#(()&69%-%"(* 4%$6"(* 5%* (/=%* 4%* -,'#?,%* ?,#E* f* 9d#"'(6&* 4,* '(/9%
4,* 4&6-6(,&]%E* #-=9#?,%* ,"%* F0&-%* 4%* $#09%"5%* F6#(%* 6,* &)5%=(%,&* [6,4#(%,&E* '=%5(6(%,&
0,* 9%5(%,&^S* B%((%* $#09%"5%* "0$6&#"#%""%* %'(E* "0,'* '%->9%H(H#9E* ,"* =%,* 96* -l-%E* "0,'* /
&%$#%"4&0"'*%"*(%-='*,(#9%'E*?,%*5%99%*?,#*%'(*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*96*-,'#?,%*4%*G#-#*J%"4&#g
-6#'* 6,''#* 46"'* 9%'* 4%''#"'* 6"#-)'* 4%* 2%g* 7$%&/* %(* 5%&(6#"'* F#9-'* 4)9#&6"('* 4%'* I6&g
:&0(3%&'* $0#&%* [6'',-0"'* 5%* 50?* f* 9dp"%^* 46"'* 9dp=&%* (&64,5(#0"* [0o* 9%* '6"]* '%->9%
9#(()&69%-%"(* ]#59%&^* 4%* 953:$.(&E* 6'',&)%* =6&* +%50"(%* 4%* +#'9%S* B%96* 4#(E* '6"'* =6&9%&* 4%
836n%'=%6&%*[5%5#*46"'*96*-%',&%*0o*"0,'*9%*F%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4Ê*4%'*P&%5'*[80=3059%*%"
(l(%Ê* 4d7&&6>69* 0,* 4dK4~6&4* :0"4E* 5d%'(* 40"5* ',&(0,(* 6,* (&6$6#9* 4d,"* +%~#'* B6&&099* ?,%
5%((%*$#09%"5%*[f*-%((&%*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*9%'*"0(#0"'*4d%"F6"5%E*4%*>,&9%'?,%E*4%*F09#%*%(*4%
F6"(6#'#%*4)>&#4)%^*"0,'*F%&6*#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(*'0"]%&S
Bd%'(*?,%*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6E*#9*/*6*(0,C0,&'*4%'*%FF%('*=6"#?,%'*%(*?,6'#H
=#5(,&6,g* 46"'* 9d%'=&#(* [0"* =%"'%* f* 5%&(6#"%'* (%53"#?,%'* 0o* 5d%'(* 9%* ]%'(%* ?,#* =&#-%E* '6
$#09%"5%E* '6* '0,46#"%()Ê* 4%'* %FF%('* 4%* ',&=&#'%E* 4%* C6#99#''%-%"(E* 4%* ',&]#''%-%"(E* 4%
&,=(,&%*[$0#&%*4%*50?*f*9dp"%^*0,*4%*4#'=&0=0&(#0"*4%*$056>,96#&%*?,#*F0"(*?,%*9%'*$0#&E*9%'*9#&%
0,*9%'*)50,(%&*[%"*BSOS*0,*f*96*&64#0^*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%*(0,(*&%=0'S*O%*F6#(E*%(*=0,&*=6&9%&
F6-#9#.&%-%"(E*0"*%'(*f*-#99%*9#%,%'*4d,"%*9#(()&6(,&%*=)=.&%E*>0"30--%E*%"*=6"(0,F9%'*%(*f
96*=6=6*c*5d%'(*-l-%*(0,(*9%*50"(&6#&%E*9%*'(&#5(*50"(&6#&%E*56&*"0,'*'0--%'*=9,(s(*46"'*,"
(3)p(&%*0oE*50--%*6,*=6/'*4%'*-%&$%#99%'*%(*4%*9d6,(&%*5s()*4,*-#&0#&E*(0,(*4%$#%"(*=0''#>9%E
%"$#'6]%6>9%S* ;&E* #9* F6,(* =0,$0#&* ',#$&%* 96* 564%"5%E* l(&%* 4#'=0"#>9%E* ',==0&(%&* 9%* 5305* %(
655%=(%&*5%((%*(%&&#>9%*%g#]%"5%S
RKRKRK&d%&$P*1()%&"m(E&'1&52)#2)&_*1&:*=-&'%-&&?)$15%)9%2$$%-`
K&@&U+-%:<%?&_%&X.H'+,#%&M%>&.:+M.#e&B
@A1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
7,*F0"4E*?,6"4*0"*%''6#%*4%*&%"(&%&*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*"0$6&#"#%"E*0"*%'(*,"*=%,*50--%*79#5%
%g=90&6"(*,"*(%&&#%&E*(0->6"(*%"*,"*]0,FF&%*F6"(6'(#?,%*%(*-/'()&#%,g*%(*/*&%"50"(&6"(*9%'
=%&'0""6]%'*9%'*=9,'*>,&9%'?,%'*%(*9%'*'#(,6(#0"'*9%'*=9,'*#"50"]&,%'*q*6,''#*>#%"E*9d6,(%,&
=0,&&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*F6#&%*'#%"*5%*-0(*[4d0&4&%^*4,*=&%-#%&*2u6&6E*(#&)*4d,"*H.8$E&/7&'@.(.
)5&#(*%"*@V@L*D*j*B36?,%*=6]%*40#(*%g=90'%&E*'0#(*=6&*9%*')&#%,g*=&0F0"4*%(*90,&4E*9%*(0,&>#990"E
9%*$%&(#]%E*9%*"0,$%6,E*9d)(%&"%9E*=6&*96*>96],%*)5&6'6"(%*kS
7,*&%'(%E*-l-%*'#*5%((%*F6,"%H9f*%'(*'0,$%"(*F,&(#$%*%(*?,d0"*"%*'6,&6#(*#5#*=6&9%&*4%
=%&'0""6]%'*$)&#(6>9%'*[9%'*-0('*'#930,%((%'*0,*6==6&#(#0"'*50"$%"6"(*>%6,50,=*-#%,gÊ
0"*=0,&&6#(*(0,(*f*F6#(E*50--%*=0,&*B6&&099*[5FS*j*B36(*4,*B3%'3#&%*kE*j*+#.$&%*4%*I6&'*kE
j*8"6&n*kE*j*:0,C%,"*kE*j*20&(,%*F6"(6#'#%*kE*%(5SÊ*6$6"5%&*9d#4)%*?,d#9*%g#'(%*,"*>%'(#6#&%
50-#50HF6"(6'(#?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6S
O%* F6#(E* 46"'* 5%&(6#"%'* =#.5%'E* 9d6"#-69#()* =&0=&%-%"(* 4#(%* '%&6* =&)'%"()%* 5%&(%'
F,]65%-%"(E* -6#'* (0,C0,&'* f* (&6$%&'* 4%'* 4)"0-#"6(#0"'* 5056''%'* [6#"'#E* "0(0"'* j* G%6"
26,=#"*kE*j*G%6"*2%&&#%&*kE*j*K9#'6>%(3*B6&#>0,*kE*j*7->&0#'%*B6"6&4*kE*j*+%*'%&=%"(*I,90(*kE
j*9%*&6(*-6'?,)*kE*j*9%*&6(*]0"4#"*kE*j*+%*O6,=3#"*G)>)90"*kE*j*86#"(*B3#%"*kE*j*+%*P)")&69
<0(6-%*k*%(*j*+%*B3#%"*B69#"%6,*k^S*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*XT^*0"*=6&9%&6*4%'
j*(&0,'*n6"]0,&0,'*kE*j*n6"]0,&0,*k*'#]"#F#6"(*j*G%*"%*'6#'*=6'*k*=0,&*9%'*7>0&#]."%'*%(*9%
(&0,*)$0?,6"(*'6"'*40,(%*9d#4)%*4%*=053%*-6&',=#69%*D
Outrés par ma stupidités, en Australie équatoriale ils remenacent de m’expédier !
Fin fond du bush, avec les ours blonds et les trous kangourous qui s’ouvrent
déjà en grand à deux mois.
+%*-0"4%*'0,'H-6&#"*%(*96*j*2&0,=%*9#?,#4%*k*4%'*j*>l(%'*=0#''0"'*k*[+SISE*=S*Q@T^*'0"(
6''%u*=%,*'0,$%"(*-%"(#0"")'*=6&*M0$6&#"6*[5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*4)=90&%&^*-6#'*0"*(&0,$%
(0,(*4%*-l-%*5%5#*f*96*=6]%*1TX*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*D*j*+%'*=0#''0"'*4%'*05)6"'
'(&6]9)'*]6&4%"(*%"50&%*'0,'*9%,&'*/%,g*4%'*(&65%'*>9%,%'*4%*-d6$0#&*$,*46"'*9%,&'*%6,g*kS
a,6"(* 6,g* j* 0#'%6,g* 536"'0"* ?,#* $09%* kE* #9'* =0,&&0"(* )$%"(,%99%-%"(* "0,'* &6==%9%&* 9%'
j*=6&09%'*6#9)%'*k*4dJ0-.&%*q*%(*=0,&*96*j*?,%,%*3#==#?,%*k*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S
1AAÊ*]6]%0"'*?,d%99%*4)'#]"%*5%99%*4,*53%$69S
O6"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*'0&(%*4%*&%=0&(6]%*6"#-69#%&*[$8*`SaSE*=S*@VÊ*96*$#%*4%*5%&(6#"'*4%
5%'*6"#-6,g*#-6]#"6#&%'*'%&6*4)5&#(%*4%*F6b0"*-#53694#%""%*D
La muselarde vit près des sources et se nourrit de vétrusses, elle nidifie à
l’automne et dépérit au bout de cinq ans ; le sicoptère ne se découvre que sous
les eaux après la ponte ; le buteau cherche partout ses abris ; le hûche-bûche
adulte peut atteindre un mètre à deux soixante d’envergure ; la chair de l’onfrettte
est agréable aux Piémontais qui raffolent de ces cigognes à l’état toutes petites.
B%96*=0')E*#9*'%&6#(*>#%"*(&0=*90"]*4%*&%5%"'%&*#5#*(0,(%'*9%'*055,&&%"5%'*4%*5%((%*6"#-69#()
#-6]#"6#&%*c*"0(0"'*=9,(s(*=l9%H-l9%* 9%'* 6==6&#(#0"'* ?,#* "0,'* =6&6#''%"(* 56&&099#%""%'* %"
4#6>9%* [%"* "d0-%((6"(* =6'* 4%* =&)5#'%&* ?,%* 5d%'(* ',&(0,(* 9%* (&6$6#9* ',&* 9%* -0(* ?,#* =0,&&6
&6==%9%&*96*F6,"%*")090]#?,%*#"$%"()%*=6&*B6&&099^*D*9%*j*",99%*=6((%'*k*[?,#*%'(*,"*6"#-69*4%
",99%*=6&(E*,"*j*!"#-69*k*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%E*-6#'*?,#*&%''%->9%*'6"'*40,(%*f*,"%*9#-65%*0,
=9,'*'z&%-%"(*f*,"*'%&=%"(Ê*9%*j*!90#&*k*[5%*90#&*4%*9d!(0=#%*F6#'6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4#&%5(%-%"(
&)F)&%"5%*f*9d)=#'04%*4,*j*23)*53%u*9%'*F0,'*kÊ*I646-%*:,'6&4%*[GS8SE*=S*@TL^*4)F#"#%
50--%*,"%*j*>l(%*f*$6#"%&#%*kE*9%*j*96&-0#'%6,*k*['0&(%*4%*>96#&%6,*40"(*9%*"0-*%'(*,"
j*=0&(%H-6"(%6,*~0&4*k*F0&-)*f*=6&(#&*4%*j*96&-%*k*%(*4dk*0#'%6,*kÊ*9%*j*'6"]0=(.&%*k*[,"
-6&56''#"*$096"(*hÊ*96*j*>0""%*$653%*4%*J6''6H<6''6*k*[=%&'0""6]%*=9,'*"#%('u53)%"Ê
9%'*j*6'(#50('*]&6--6(#56,g*k*[BSJSE*=S*1QWÊ*9%*j*50?*-053%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1QXÊ*9%*j*$#96#"
u.>&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1XUÊ*9%'*j*-)4,'%'*C,-%99%'* k* [BSJSE* =S* W@WÊ* 9%'* j* 4%,g* 53%$6,g* ?,#
@AQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
&6-6#%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*1X1Ê*j*9d)9)=36"(*?,#*(&#-%*40,g*k*[OS`SE*=S*@X1^*%(*6,(&%'*j*536-%6,g
0"4,9)'*6$%5*9%,&'*5&#'*4d-)96"509#%*k*[GS8SE*=S*WT^S
O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#E* 9%'* j* 0,&'* >90"4'* k* 4%$#%""%"(* 9%'* j* 0,&'%-%"('* >90"4'* 4%'
:%&"6&4#"%'* f* 65(#0"* k* [=S* @1A^* %(* 0"* 5&0#'%&6* j* ,"* %''6#-* 4d30--%'* %"* ]&6==%'* k* [=S
11^*%(* ,"* j* ;&#]"6&4* k* [=S* 11^*?,#* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* ;&#]"69* #]"6&%* %(\0,* 536&0]"6&4E* 56'
(&.'*56&&099#%"*4d6"#-0(H$69#'%S*+d6"#-69#()*%'(*6,''#*&%=&)'%"()%*',&*'5."%*D*46"'*45C/%.*&
E#)$&#AE*O6"#%9*_"/n*'%*(&6"'F0&-%&6*%"*,"*9)u6&4\#],6"%*50-#?,%*4)=90/6"(*,"%*#--%"'%
5099%&%((%*[,"*=%,*50--%*,"*=60"*6$%5*'6*?,%,%^*%(*F6#'6"(*4%'*]%'(%'*>6(&65#%"'*=0,$6"(
6,''#* &6==%9%&* 5%,g* 4d,"* =0,''#"E* (6"4#'* ?,%* O0-#"#?,%* <#"0"* =,#'* I6",%9* +%* +#.$&%
#-#(%&0"(*[4d6#99%,&'*F0&(*>#%"^*96*=0,9%*%(*9%*]0&#99%*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#S
B%96*4#(E*5%*j*50"5%&(*4%'*-,'%6,g*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@XV^*-)&#(%&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*,"%*)(,4%
>%6,50,=*=9,'*6==&0F0"4#%*56&*5d%'(*6,''#*96*-6"#.&%*40"(*9%'*6"#-6,g*'0"(*=&)'%"()'*?,#
=0,&&6*"0,'*F6#&%*&#&%*c*6#"'#E*46"'*4&*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*9%*=%&&0?,%(*[j*$0/%u
'0"*>&,/6"(*5&)=#(6(*k^*"0,'*%'(*4)5&#(*50--%*,"*j*0#'%6,*=9,-)*5&)=#(6"(*40"(*(0,'*9%'
'0"'*'0"(*5090&#)'*kS*7*96*=6]%*1@LE*#9*/*6*,"*j*]&6"4*)9)=36"(*?,#*6*96*=%6,*'#*(6"(*(%99%-%"(
(%"4,%*?,%*?,6"4*#9*F%&-%*,"*r#9*b6*9,#*0,$&%*9%*5,9*kS*B%96*4#(E*0"*6,&6*'%'*530,530,'*D
j*I6*>l(%*=&)F)&)%*5d%'(*9d&3#"0E*5%99%*?,df*96*$#'#0"*96*=9,'*50,%""%*k*[+SISE*=S*QW1^S*K"F#"E
0"*'d%g596-%&6*j*J6,(*9%'*-0&'%'*m*k*[OS`SE*=S*@VAÊ*0"*4#&6*j*]6,9%*(6*3,==%*k*f*9d6#]9%*[+SISE
=S*WVW^*%(*0"*'%*-)F#%&6*[9%'*j*-%&9%'*-0?,%,&'*k*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"^*4%'*j*=#6F'*"6&],%,&'
?,#*$0,'*-#"%"(*9%'*-0&6,g*k*[+SISE*=S*1@V^S
K&P:X.:"&;*'<+X?&U.H-+%'&X*#?&%"&;'*X%>>%#'&[A*h$%
O6"'*5%((%*#--%"'%*]69%&#%*4%*5&)6(,&%'*50-#?,%'E*0"*=0,&&6*%"50&%*5&0#'%&*,"*j*`69%(
4%*56&&%6,*k*[=%&'0""6]%*&)5,&&%"(*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&Ê*,"%*j*O6-%*4%*<#?,%*k*[$8
7SRS^*%(*-l-%*[;SNSE*=S*@VX^^*,"*j*86>9#%&*F0,*k*[?,#*50"F0"4*%"*,"*'%,9*"0-*9%*j*B36=%9#%&
F0,*k*%(*9%*j*+#.$&%*4%*I6&'*k*4)50-=(6"(*9%*(%-='^*%(*#9*F6,4&6#(*6,''#*)$0?,%&*96*j*9%b0"
4%*30?,%(*k*[OS`S*c*=S*@WTÊ*-0(*f*&6==&053%&*4%*3053%(E*4%*305n%/*-6#'*',&(0,(*4%*5&0?,%(
[5FS* )=#'04%* 4%'* 56""%'HF96-6"4'^S* a,6"(* 6,g* '#6-0#'* 590~"%'?,%'* [5FS* j* 2~#49%4%%* %(
2~#49%4,-*kÊ*#9'*F0,&-#99%"(*53%u*`SMS*c*"%*"0(0"'*=0,&*9d#"'(6"(*?,%*9%'*Z&l&%'*$)905%'*4%
45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*q*#5#E*j*9d30--%*40,>9%*k*'%*=96#"(*D*j*N%"4%uH"0,'*-6*'r,&*m*k*[=S
@AQ^S
+d)=#'04%*50-#?,%*%(*#"?,#)(6"(*4,*>)>)H50530"*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*96*-%"(#0"
4d,"*j*=.&%*-6&56''#"6"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*@U^*%(*',&(0,(*4%*j*9dK"F6"(*<0&5#F*k*[BS*JSE*=S*W1AÊ*'6"'
50-=(%&*9%*-/'()&#%,g*6"#-69*40"(*9%*]&0#"*'%&6*0#"(E*(0,(*f*F6#(*50--%*=0,&*9%*>6=(l-%
4d,"*"0,&&#''0"E*f*96*=6]%*TU*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AS*a,6"(*6,g*j*=0&5'*4)>,(6"('*k
4%* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* #9'* '%* =96#]"%"(* 4%* "d6$0#&* =6'* )()* ',FF#'6--%"(* 0#"('* 90&'* 4%* 96
5)&)-0"#%*4,*>6=(l-%*4%'*50530"'*[=S*WVT^S*j*I6&56''0"'*m*k*96"5%&6H(H0"*6#99%,&'S*O6"'
4&'H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%*)4SE*=S*QTÊ*(&#$#69#()*=0&5#"%*%(*'65&)*46"(%'?,%*'%
&%(&0,$%"(*6''05#)'*D*j*4,*36,(*4%'*5#%,g*4%'*=0&5'*6$#4%'*'%*>6=(#'6#%"(*9d,"*9d6,(&%E*]0z(6"(
9%,&*'6"]E*F0&-6"(*4%'*')&#%'*4%*',#(%'*4%*F#9%'*4%*]&6"4%'*4%*(&0,=%'*kS*R9*/*6*6,''#*46"'*4&
@).?&'(&':.';$&*,"*j*Js=#(69*4%'*]&0#"'*k*[=S*XA^*%(*"0(0"'*=0,&*F#"#&*5%((%*)$056(#0"*=&%'?,%
=0)(#?,%*D*j*R9*"%#]%*',&*9%*=0&5*%(*',&*'%'*%"]#"'*k*[+SISE*=S*WVW^S*+%*=0&5*F%&6*&%(0,&*46"'*4.
K*G8&'*D*5d%'(*,"*6"#-69*?,#*-0"(&%*'0,$%"(*9%*>0,(*4%*'0"*]&0#"*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6S
R5#E* ?,6"4* ,"%* F%--%* 6550,53%E* %99%* "%* 40""%* ?,%* &6&%-%"(* "6#''6"5%* f* 4%'
%"F6"('* D* =6&F0#'E* 5d%'(* ,"* 53#%"* ?,#* '0&(* [-6#'* =9,(s(* 4%* 96* >0,53%^* 0,* 4%'* 50530"'S
O%* -l-%E* 9d%g#'(%"5%* 4,* j* =&0F%''%,&* ;$0{4%* k* #-=9#?,%* =%,(Hl(&%* =9,'* ,"%* =0"(%
?,d,"* 6550,53%-%"(S* ;"0-6'(#?,%-%"(* =6&96"(E* 9%* =%&'0""6]%E* %"* (0,(* 56'E* &6==%99%
F,&#%,'%-%"(*J,-=(/*O,-=(/*q*$(&?*=0,&*96*'5."%*4%*9d6,>%&]#"%*',&*,"*-,&%(*46"'*4&
@AW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
@).?&'(&':.';$&S*O6"'*6?9/*?,d#9*(&64,#'#(E*5d%'(*',&*,"*-,&*?,%*=6&6w(*9%*8%#]"%,&S*O%*9f
f*4#&%*?,%*O#%,*%'(*,"*r,F*[O#%,F*hÊ*#9*"d/*6*?,d,"*=6'E*?,%*"0,'*"%*F&6"53#&0"'*=6'*q*%(
=0,&(6"(E*96*50?,#99%*4%*9dr,FE*5%((%*4%-%,&%*F&6]#9%E*6*=%,(Hl(&%*f*$0#&*6$%5*9d3%&-)(#'-%
4#$#"S
+%*-6w(&%*4%*5%*-0"4%E*5d%'(*9%*'6"'*?,%,%*"#*(l(%*-6#'*6,''#*9%*=#"5%*'6"'*&#&%*56&
(0,(*"0,'*%'(*=&)'%"()*')&#%,'%-%"(*50--%*%g#'(6"(*$&6#-%"(*D*0"*=6&9%&6*[$8*OS7SE*=S*Q@L^
4dj3#'(0#&%'*$)&#4#?,%'*k*%(*j*'6"'*?,%,%*"#*(l(%*kS*8d#9*/*6*4%*96*90]#?,%E*#9*"d/*6*=6'*4%*'%"'
q*$(&?'=0,&*96*-0&69%*%(*9%'*'%"(#-%"('*?,#*'%->9%"(*)]69%-%"(*6>'%"('S*:&%FE*0"*'%*'#(,%
6#99%,&'*%(*0"*j*&%"4*'0"*(6>9#%&*3,-6#"*kE*50--%*4#(*M0$6&#"6E*9%*j*4)30--6]%\4)50""6]%\
4)'6&&6#'0""%-%"(*%"*?,%'(#0"*50&&%'=0"46"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*6,*=&0C%(*9#(()&6#&%*4%*+%~#'
B6&&099S
K&P"*::%M%:"&$Wf-+<%&%"&>+$)'."+*:&$%&9%.:&7%''+%'
+f* 0o* #9* /* 6* %"50&%* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* 6$%5* B6&&099E* 5d%'(* 6,* "#$%6,* 4%* 9d#"50-=&)3%"'#0"
4d79#5%* [?,#* 40""%* 9d#-=&%''#0"* 4%* 'd%"* F0&-69#'%&* F0&(* =%,^* 4%$6"(* (0,'* 9%'* =3)"0-."%'
[46"'*9%'*4%,g*655%=(#0"'*4,*(%&-%'^*?,d%99%*&%"50"(&%*D*5%((%*#"50-=&)3%"'#0"*69#5#%""%
&%C0#"(* 5%99%E* >%6,50,=* =9,'* (&6]#?,%* %(* 'd%g=&#-6"(* -l-%* =6&F0#'* 6$%5* ,"%* F0&-%
=6&(#5,9#.&%*4%*4)'%'=0#&E*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*"0$6&#"#%"'*4%$6"(*9%*-/'(.&%*4,*50&='E*4%*9dl(&%
%(*4%*96*=6&09%*D*j*Od0o*$#%"(*?,d0"*=6&9%*h*a,%*96*$#6"4%*'d%g=&#-%*h*kS
+%*-%#99%,&*=0,&*%g=&#-%&*5%96*',&*'5."%E*&A'.&"#9*6$%5*G%6"Hx$%'*I#536,g*%(*I#53%9
:6,4#"6(E*%'(*'6"'*50"(%'(%*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"*f*?,#E*50--%*=6&*36'6&4E*M0$6&#"6*50"F#%*9%
&s9%*4%*G%6"*2%&&#%&*[9%*j*2%&&#%&*k*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*5%9,#*46"'*9%?,%9*(0->%*79#5%^S*M0(0"'H
9%* #5#* [6F#"* 4d#"(&04,#&%* ,"%* #4)%* ?,%* "0,'* %''6#%&0"'* 4%* 4)$%90==%&* =9,'* (6&4^* D* 46"'* 9%
j* 0"* k* 4%* j* Od0o* $#%"(* ?,d0"* =6&9%* h* kE* #9* /* 6* 50--%* 9d#4)%* 4d,"%* )=0=)%* [6$%5* ?,l(%
4,* P&669* %(* &)=0"'%'* f* 96* 59)^* ?,d#9* F6,4&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* &6==&053%&* 4%* 9d3:$.(&* [>%6,50,=
=9,'* ?,%* 4%* 9dJ(S//I&^* c* %"* %FF%(E* 46"'* 5%* '#.]%* ?,d%'(* 9d3:$.(&E* 9d0"* '%* >6(* 6,* "0-* 4%
96* P&.5%* 0,* 4%* 2&0#%* (6"4#'* ?,d6,H4%9f* 4,* 36'6&4* 0>C%5(#F* 4%* 96* =0(%"(#%99%* ',==&%''#0"H
64C0"5(#0"*=30")(#?,%*%"*!9/''%\79#5%E*5%((%*4%&"#.&%*%'(*',&(0,(E*f*9d#-6]%*4%*9dJ0--%*6,g
-#99%*&,'%'E*,"%*'0&(%*4d#"4#$#4,69#'(%*?,#*6'=#&%*',&(0,(*f*&%"(&%&*53%u*%99%*D*6,*F0"4E*79#5%
F0"5(#0""%*%g65(%-%"(*50--%*!9/''%*%(*9%**9)%#/*4%*'%'*6$%"(,&%'*50"'(#(,%*F#"69%-%"(
,"%*'0&(%*4%*"0,$%99%*J(S//I&*[?,0#?,%*=9,'*50,&(%*%(*=9,'*F099%E*%"F6"(#"%*%(*F)-#"#')%^S
`0#9f*,"%*?,%'(#0"*?,d#9*6,&6#(*F699,*=0'%&*f*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&"6"(*D*!9/''%*6H(H#9*50"'5#%"5%*4%
&%=&)'%"(%&*?,%9?,%*530'%*h*O6"'*9d3:$.(&E*5d%'(*5%&(6#"S*I6#'*=0,&*9dJ(S//I&'j*7H(H#9*',&(0,(
50"'5#%"5%* 4%* &%=&)'%"(%&* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* [&)=0"4&%* R(36?,%* '%&6#(* >#%"* -%'?,#"^* ?,#* 9%
4)=6''%&6#(*h*B%&(%'*#9*&%=&)'%"(%*9d30--%*-6#'*'%*=0'%H(H#9*96*?,%'(#0"*h*Bd%'(*"0,'*?,#*9%
$0/0"'*6#"'#*D*9,#*=%"'%*',&(0,(*f*'0"*=96#'#&*%(*f*&%'(%&*%"*$#%*$0#&%*f*j*&%(&0,$%&*:0>0""%
%(*9%'*=6"(0,F9%'*kE*50--%*4#'6#(*G%6"H+0,#'*:0&/S
6' *987).)$9B* #9* '%->9%&6#(* ?,%* 9%* j* 0"* k* 4%* j* Od0o* $#%"(* ?,d0"* =6&9%* h* k* %(* 9%* j* C%* k
"0$6&#"#%"*4%*F6b0"*])")&69%*'d6==9#?,%"(*6,*j*$#%#9*746-*=6&9)*k*46"'*'6*&%96(#0"*f*'6
=&0=&%* =6&09%* $0#&%* f* '0"* 50&='E* f* 96* -0&(* %(* f* 6,(&,#* D* G%6"* 2%&&#%&E* 5d%'(* 9d30--%* c* '6
'#4)&6(#0"E*'0"*4)'%'=0#&*%(*'6*&)$09(%*[5FS*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*k^*'0"(*>%9*%(*>#%"*9%'*"s(&%'
q*50"')?,%"5%*90]#?,%*D*9%*'=%5(6(%,&*'%*'%"(*&%=&)'%"()*=6&*9%'*=%&'0""6]%'*D*j*M0,'
$%"0"'*)50,(%&*9%*4#&%*4d,"%*$0#g*?,#*=0&(%*%"*%99%*9d%'=.5%*3,-6#"%*k*&)',-%*%FF#565%-%"(
WU
G%6"* +,5* 8(%#"-%(u* 46"'* '0"* 6&(#59%* #"(#(,9)* j* +6* =6&09%* $#'#>9%* k S* O6"'* j* +%* 4%&"#%&
WL
4%'* &0-6"(#?,%'* k E* G%6"HI6&#%* 230-6''%6,* '%->9%* 6,''#* 699%&* 46"'* 5%* '%"'* 90&'?,d#9
WU
**G%6"H+,5*8(%#"-%(uE*j*+6*=6&09%*$#'#>9%*kE*4.';9$A'(&'*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*QWS
**G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,E*j*+%*4%&"#%&*4%'*&0-6"(#?,%'*kE*4.';9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@LXS
WL
@AX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4)596&%*j*9%*(3)p(&%*(&6$6#99%*|t}*f*96*=&%-#.&%*=%&'0""%E*-6#'*4,*=9,&#%9*k*%(*5%96*'d6==9#?,%
=6&F6#(%-%"(*6,*j*"0,'*k*"0$6&#"#%"*q*$(&?*=0,&*9%*j*0"*k*4%*j*Od0o*$#%"(*?,d0"*=6&9%*h*kS
B%((%* 50"'5#%"5%* 4%* &%=&)'%"(%&* 9dJ0--%E* 9%* O&6-%* 4%* 96* =6&09%E* ,"* -/'(.&%* =9,'
]&6"4* ?,%* '0#* %'(* 4d6#99%,&'* 96* '%,9%* #"(%99#]%"5%* ?,%* =0''.4%"(* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'* 4%
M0$6&#"6*D*4%*5%96E*#9'*'%->9%"(*6''%u*'z&'*56&*=0,&*9%*&%'(%E*(0,(*%'(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*4#FF#5#9%*%(
5%*-/'(.&%*4%*96*=6&09%*&%'(%&6*%"(#%&E*=0,&*(0,C0,&'*%(*f*C6-6#'*q*=9,'*?,d%"(#%&*D*6>/''69*c*%(
4%*5%96*6,''#E*#9'*'%->9%"(*%''%u*'z&'*D*-69]&)*4%'*&%53%&53%'*=6&F0#'*(0&(,&6"(%'E*9%*8"6&nH
P&669E* 3)96'E* '%* 4)&0>%&6* (0,C0,&'* [%(* 5d%'(* 9f* ?,d%'(* 9%* 4&6-%* 4%* 9d30--%* %(* 4%* 96* $#%
3,-6#"%^S
<&)5#'0"'*=0,&*(%&-#"%&*?,%*9d#4)%*4%*5%((%*4#'(#"5(#0"*3:$.(&kJ(S//I&*"d%'(*=6'*4%*"0,'
-6#'*4%*a,%"%6,*?,#*9d%'(#-6#(*0=)&6(0#&%*=0,&*>0"*"0->&%*4dr,$&%'*9#(()&6#&%'*q*=0,&(6"(E
"0(0"'*%"*=6''6"(*?,%*46"'*9%'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*#9*/*6E*$%&'*96*F#"E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*-#"#HR9#64%
6$%5E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*,"%*%'=.5%*4%*'#.]%*4d6'#9%*6''%u*50-#?,%S
+f*0o*#9*/*6*=9,'*596#&%-%"(*50&&%'=0"46"5%*%"(&%*79#5%*%(*9%*j*C%*k*"0$6&#"#%"E*5d%'(
?,6"4* '0"* 50&='* [6990"]%-%"(* 4,* 50,E* "0(6--%"(^* 0,* 5%9,#* 4d6,(&,#* [50--%* 9%* >)>)
?,d%99%* =0&(%* %(* ?,#* 4%$#%"(* ,"* =0&5%9%(^* '%* (&6"'F0&-%* c* 96* >&,'?,%&#%* =6"#?,%* 4%* 5%'
(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'*6*690&'*=0,&*%FF%(*,"%*#"?,#)(,4%*=&0F0"4%E*,"%*6"]0#''%*(%&&#>9%E*?,#*&%C0#"(
5%99%E*=9,'*50"'(6"(%E*=9,'*4,&6>9%E*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*?,#*'%->9%"(*'%*[%(*"0,'^
4%-6"4%&*'#*9%'*530'%'*$0"(*&%'(%&*%"*9d)(6(*%(*?,%9*%'(*40"5*9%*'%"'*4%*5%((%*$#6"4%*?,#
=6&9%*%(*4%*5%((%*=6&09%*4%$6"(S
<0,&(6"(E* 53%u* 79#5%E* 9d)(0""%-%"(* 6* (%"46"5%* f* '%* >6"69#'%&* (&.'* $#(%* [5d%'(* ?,d0"
'd36>#(,%* 6,* &l$%^* (6"4#'* ?,%* 53%u* M0$6&#"6E* #9* %'(* 4&6-6(#')E* 'd6==9#?,6"(* f* 4%'
#"(%&&0]6(#0"'*(0,(*f*F6#(*5&,5#69%'**c*9%*-0(*e)(0""%-%"(eE*4.'*90&'E*"%*50"$#%"(*=9,'*%(*5d%'(
=0,&?,0#*"0,'*6$0"'*530#'#*9%*(%&-%*=9,'*F0&(*4%*e'#4)&6(#0"e*=0,&*?,69#F#%&*9d)(0""%-%"(*4d
746-*[5FS*#"5#=#(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&^*%(*4%*G%6"*2%&&#%&S
K&d:%&-.:Q#%&/.:+,#%?&%e/'%>>+A%&%"&/*-+"+,#%M%:"&+:<*''%<"%
8d#9* )$0?,%* %"* =6&(#%* 9d,"#$%&'* 56&&099#%"* -6#'* 6,''#* 9%'* (3)0&#%'* %(* 96* =&6(#?,%* 4d,"* G%6"
O,>,FF%(E* 9%* &6==0&(* "0$6&#"#%"* 6,* 96"]6]%* H* 9#)* 40"5* f* ,"%* F0&-%* [f* (0,C0,&'* &%96(#$#'%&^
4d%"F6"5%* q* =0,&&6* %"50&%* [#9* F6,4&6* /* &%$%"#&^* "0,'* &6==%9%&* G6&&/* 56&* ?,6"4* 0"* 9#(* ,"%
=3&6'%*50--%*j*$0,'*F6#(%'*9%*&0#*4%*96*=6&09%*-6#'*-0#*C%*',#'*9%*&0#*4%'*0&%#99%'*kE*0"
4#&6#(*['6,F*>#%"*'z&*=0,&*9d0&(30]&6=3%*4,*-0(*j*0&%#99%*kÊ*,"%*=3&6'%*4d!>,*690&'*?,d%99%
%'(*(#&)%*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87*[=S*TW^*c*$(&?*=0,&*5%((%*6,(&%E*(#&)%*4%*D.:/7.E&*D*j*&%"4%uH-0#
-0"*53%$6,g*Cd6#*9%'*=6((%'*?,#*'d,'%"(*k*[=S*XWQ^*D*0"*$%&&6#(*(&.'*>#%"*!>,*[j*G%*$6#'*(0->%&
%(*l(&%*-0&(*k^*F6#&%*5%((%*&%?,l(%*596#&%-%"(*=9,'*46"'*'0"*&%]#'(&%*?,%*9%*4)53#&6"(*j*I0"
&0/6,-%*=0,&*,"*53%$69*m*k*96"5)*=6&*N#536&4*RRR*%"*,"*5&#*'6,$6]%*4%*(0(69*4)'%'=0#&S
<0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*f*79#5%E*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*(0,(*f*9d3%,&%*%(*'6"'*40,(%*(&0=*56$69#.&%-%"(
50-=6&)%*f*!9/''%E*"%*=%&40"'*C6-6#'*4%*$,%*'0"*6]%*c*5d%'(*,"%*%"F6"(*c*5%'*&)F9%g#0"'
'0"(* 4d,"* %"F6"(E* #9* "%* F6,(* =6'* 9d0,>9#%&S* ;&E* 90&'?,%* M0$6&#"6E* 'd0==0'6"(* %"* 5%96* f* ,"%
5%&(6#"%*(9A.*53&)(#%""%E*4#(*4%*O#%,*?,d#9*%'(*=%(#(E*#9*F6#(*=&%,$%*4d,"*>0"*'%"'*4d%"F6"(*c
5d%'(*?,%E*=0,&*655,%#99#&*O#%,*%"*'0#E*#9*F6,(*%"*%FF%(*?,d#9*"%*(#%""%*=6'*(&0=*4%*=965%*[4%*5%
=0#"(*4%*$,%E*5d%'(*>%9*%(*>#%"*Zr(,'*B3&#'(*?,#*-%,>9%*9%*$%"(&%*4%*I6&#%^S*R5#E*"%*"0,'*/
(&0-=0"'*=6'*D*96*'0=3#'(#56(#0"*%g(&l-%*4%*9d)&,4#(*M0$6&#"6*$6*(0,C0,&'*4%*=6#&*6$%5*,"
&%]6&4*%(*,"*%'=&#(*?,#*&%9.$%"(*4%*9d%"F6"5%*D*#-=&%''#0"*4%*"6#$%()E*F&6w53%,&E*F6"(6#'#%*%(
9#>%&()*4%*=6&09%*'0"(*40"5*4%'*56&65()&#'(#?,%'*-6C%,&%'*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*4%*+dK"F6"(*`69.&%S
O%*-l-%E*'#*5%&(6#"%'*#-6]%'E*-)(6=30&%'*%(*%FF%('*4%*',&]#''%-%"(E*"0,'*=6&6#''%"(
'#* &),''#'E* 5d%'(* ?,d#9'* '%->9%"(* =&0$%"#&* 4%* 96* >0,53%* 4d,"* %"F6"(* ?,#* "%* '%* &%"4* =6'
@AT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
$&6#-%"(*50-=(%*4%*5%*?,d#9*4#(*[5%*?,#*=%,(*4d6#99%,&'*4)>0,53%&*',&*4d)$%"(,%99%'*)"0&-#()'
50-#?,%'^*c*9fE*46"'*5%((%*4,69#()*%"(&%*%'=&#(*4d%"F6"5%*%(*'0=3#'(#56(#0"*%g(&l-%*[)&,4#(#0"
'0,'HC65%"(%E* %(5SÊ* &)'#4%* '6"'* 40,(%* 96* F0&5%* %g(&60&4#"6#&%* ?,#* )-6"%* 4%* 5%'* (%g(%'* q
5%5#*=0,$6"(*)]69%-%"(*'d6==9#?,%&*f*+%~#'*B6&&099*[5%*?,d7&&6>69*%(*:&%(0"*0"(*F0&(*>#%"
50-=&#'^S
J)96'E*9%*=#.(&%*6"]9#5#'(%*?,#*)5&#(*5%'*9#]"%'*'%*>6'%*=0,&*5%*F6#&%*',&*4%'*(&64,5(#0"'*c
0&E*#9*'%->9%*?,%E*,"*=%,*50--%*M0$6&#"6*6$%5*96*j*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*k*['0#(*9%*F&6"b6#'Ê*#9*/*6#(
53%u*B6&&099*4%'*=6''6]%'E*4%'*#"#(#6(#$%'*0o*9d0"*"%*=,#''%*=9,'*$&6#-%"(*=6&9%&*4d6"]96#'
[46"'*9%*'%"'*4d6"]96#'*596''#?,%E*6564)-#?,%^S*N)F)&0"'H"0,'*f*5%*?,dJ%"&#*<6&#'0(*4#(*',&
9%*',C%(E*9,#*?,#*=&)F6b6*9d)4#(#0"*P6&"#%&*Z96--6&#0"*50"'65&)%*6,g*6$%"(,&%'*4d79#5%*%(*?,#
4)"0->&6*=9,'*4%*?,6(&%H$#"](*F65)(#%'*[-0('H$69#'%E*569%->0,&'E*F6,(%'*$090"(6#&%'E*%(5S^
46"'*9%'*4%,g*50"(%'*4%*B6&&099*D*9%*C%,*4%*-0('*56&&099#%"*%'(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*#"(&64,#'#>9%*q*#9
$6*C,'?,df*4#&%*4,*(%g(%*?,d#9*%'(*j*=6&*%"4&0#('*6,''#*=%,*(&64,#'#>9%*?,%*D$88&0.8/'_.Z&']
WV
*
S*86"'*=6&9%&*4%'*9%((&%'*f*'%'*C%,"%'*6-#%'*0o*#9*&%-=96b6#(*5%&(6#"'*-0('*=6&*4%'*4%''#"'E
0"*9d6*$,*=&)5)4%--%"(*=0,&*9%'*%9)7&2?.87&.#A'`9)(/*-6#'*5%96*50"5%&"%*6,''#E*'%->9%H
(H#9E*5%&(6#"%'*8#)/&)S')+S?&/*0o*9d#-6]#"6(#0"*%'(*6,*=0,$0#&*%(*5%&(6#"%'*'5."%'*36,(%-%"(
4)9#&6"(%'*50--%*5%99%*4%*9dr,F*4#''%&(6"(*',&*,"*-,&E*4,*(3)*53%u*9%'*F0,'*%(*4,*?,64&#99%
4%'*30-6&4'S
+6*]&0''%*4#FF)&%"5%*6$%5*9d6,(%,&*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*5d%'(*?,%E*-69]&)*9%'*F09#%'*%(*9%'
%g5.'*56&&099#%"'E*5d%'(*'0--%*(0,(%*,"%*3#'(0#&%*&%9%$6"(*4,*50"(%*?,#*"0,'*%'(*&650"()%
=6&*+%~#'*B6&&099*D*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*9%*56'*=0,&*4538"#$I7#(&*[=9,'*%"50&%*?,%*=0,&
4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/^*-6#'*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*,"%*%g5%=(#0"S
R"'#'(0"'* %"* 4%&"#%&* 9#%,* ',&* 9d%g=&%''#$#()* 4%* 96* 96"],%* 6#"'#* 0>(%",%E* 9%* -0(* 50996"(
'0,$%"(*[F0&-%99%-%"(E*=30")(#?,%-%"(E*0,*#"4#&%5(%-%"(^*f*9d#4)%*?,d#9*53%&53%*f*%g=&#-%&*D
6#"'#*96*$#(%''%*46"'*j*9d6,(0&0,(%*4%*!&]%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@LL^S*<0,&*96*j*&#$#.&%*J0=*k*[OS`SE
=S*1AQÊ*%99%*'%->9%*)$0?,%&*9d#4)%*4d,"*'6,(E*4d,"%*#"$#(6(#0"*f*'6,(%&E*$0#&%*,"*)$%"(,%9
',#5#4%S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*9%*j*50--6"46"(*O%&%53%F*k*%'(*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*>#%"*"0--)
56&*96*"0(#0"*4%*50--6"4%-%"(*=%,(*#-=9#?,%&*,"%*5%&(6#"%*$#(%''%*4d%g)5,(#0"*[$0#&%*,"%
F0&-%*4%*>&,'?,%&#%^*f*9d#-6]%*4%*5%(*64$%&>%*,"*=%,*4)',%(S*a,6"(*6,*j*P&0]"#'(6"*k*[;SRSE
=S*Q1Ê*9%*"0-*-l-%*4%*5%*=6/'*'%->9%*#"4#?,%&*?,d#9*'%&6#(*6"#-)*4d#"(%"(#0"'*>%99#?,%,'%'
q*=0,&*9%'*j*F0&5%'*536F0,'#%""%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*QTÊ*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d%99%'*6#%"(*?,%9?,%*530'%
4%*j*536F0,#"*kS*K$0?,)*5#H6$6"(E*9%*j*P)")&69*<0(6-%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*XU^*'%->9%E*9,#E*6$0#&
96*90,&4%,&*4d,"*(6"nE*4d,"*536&*4d6''6,(S*+d#4)%*4%*],%&&%*'%*&%(&0,$%*4%*F6b0"*)]69%-%"(
%g=&%''#$%* 46"'* 456*7&' $8*988#* 6$%5* 4%'* "0-'* 50--%* `#]#96"5%* :0->6&4#%&* %(* I#9#5%
G0,>%&(*[=S*TQ^S*<0,&*j*;96FE*5%''%*4d6>0/%&*k*%(*j*<#96FE*5%''%*4d6>0/%&*k*[;SRSE*==S*Q@*%(
Q1Ê*9%*'0"*j*6F*kE*&)=)()*4%,g*F0#'E*&%"$0#%*=%,(Hl(&%*f*9d6>0#%-%"(*4%'*53#%"'S
:&%FE*5%*&6==0&(*6,*96"]6]%*%'(*',&(0,(*F6#(*4%*C%,E*4%*9,4#'-%E*4%*9,4#5#()*[\9,5#4#()*h^*D
?,6"4*#9*'d%''6#%*6,*4)(0,&"%-%"(*=6&*%g%-=9%E*0,*?,d#9*&%-=965%*,"%*9%((&%*=6&*,"%*6,(&%
f*9d#"()&#%,&*4d,"*-l-%*-0(t
RKUK&>/%2$$%-&%(&#)2$$%-&+&$%&"$2/&'Pt2$&T&L*))=
RKUKOK&d%&[&(1'%)&\&T&[&")25%)&\&+&1/%&42$2*(2#/&E92'%/(%
K&i.'%&.#e&*'+--%>&
WV
**+%~#'*B6&&099E*L9#7'6:$*&E*j*<&)F65%*kE*P6&"#%&HZ96--6&#0"E*1#.-%*(&#-%'(&%*@VUVE*I6"53%50,&(E*=S*@VS
@AU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
B0"(&6#&%-%"(*f*96*j*"0$d96"]*k*#"$%"()%*=6&*;&~%99*[5FS*lmno^*%(*?,#*=6&*'6*')53%&%''%E*'6
=6,$&%()*%(*'0"*-6"?,%*(0(69*4%*F6"(6#'#%*6""0"b6#(*9%*G0,&"69*4%*$#"](*3%,&%'E*9%*"0$6&#"#%"
6==6&6w(*50--%*,"%*96"],%*(&.'*&#53%E*F0#'0""6"(%*%(*-,9(#F0&-%S*K"*5%96E*0"*=0,&&6#(*5%&(%'
96*50-=6&%&*6,*C0/5#%"*$0#&%*6,*&6>%96#'#%"*-6#'*5%*'%&6#(*"#%&*%"*=6&(#%*'6*"0,$%6,()*%(*'6
'#"],96&#()*=&0F0"4%S*O%*=9,'E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*G6&&/*?,%*M0$6&#"6*'%*'%"(*9%*=9,'*=&053%*c
"d6FF#&-%H(H#9*=6'*j*Cd6#*%,*=6&F0#'*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*9d6$0#&*50-=9.(%-%"(*)5&#(*k*f*9d0556'#0"
4d,"%*#"(%&$#%~*6550&4)%*f*96*&%$,%*K*+&)O9*h
R5#E*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*)$0?,%&*9d#4)%E*53.&%*6,g*0,9#=#%"'E*4%*=96]#6(*=6&*6"(#5#=6(#0"
(6"(* #9* %'(* (&0,>96"(* 4%* 50"'(6(%&E* %"* %FF%(E* 96* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* %g#'(6"(* %"(&%* 5%&(6#"'
")090]#'-%'*"0$6&#"#%"'*%(*9%'*-0('*4%*G6&&/*?,#*'0"(*=6'')'*f*96*=0'()&#()S*M0,'*F6#'0"'
"0(6--%"(*699,'#0"*f*96*&)5,&&%"5%*4%'*j*0&#99%'*k*?,#*&%''%->9%"(*5%&(%'*6,g*0,&#99%'*4,
=6(0#'*4%*J6,(%*+0#&%E*6,g*j*6,&%#99%'*k*4%*Z&6"b0#'*N6>%96#'*%(*>#%"*'z&*f*"0'*65(,%99%'
0&%#99%'E*-6#'*'%->9%"(*',&(0,(*F6#&%*)530*9#(()&6#&%*6,g*F6-%,'%'*j*0"%#99%'*k*4,*<.&%*!>,*q
"0(0"'*=6&*=6&%"(3.'%*%(*=0,&*9d6"%540(%*?,%*53%u*a,%"%6,E*96*F#9#6(#0"*%'(*>%6,50,=*=9,'
)$#4%"(%*=,#'?,d#9*#"$%"(6*,"*=%&'0""6]%*4%*96=#"*"0--)*j*_0"%#99%'*kS
7$%5*j*0&#99%*kE*#9*'%->9%*5%=%"46"(*?,%*9d0"*&%'(%*46"'*9d6"#-69#()E*%(*#9*"0,'*F6,4&6
&%$%"#&* =9,'* (6&4* ',&* 9d)$%"(,%99%* =6&%"()* 50-#?,%* 4,* $056>9%* 6$%5* 9%'* -0('* ]0&#99%* %(
-0&#99%*q*6,*&%'(%E*#9*'%*(&0,$%*?,%*96*u0&#99%*%'(*,"*-6--#F.&%*56&"6''#%&*4d7F&#?,%*40"(*96
F0,&&,&%*%'(*(&.'*&%53%&53)%S*+%'*0&%#99%'*F%&0"(E*6#99%,&'E*9d0>C%(*4%*"0,$%6,g*")090]#'-%'
[j*0&%#99%('*kE*%(5S^*D*%"*(6"(*?,%*(&0,'E*f*50->9%&*50--%*#9*'#%4E*%99%'*C0,%"(*,"*&s9%*=&#-0&4#69
46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6S
K&9#'*:>&<*M+,#%>&%"&A.'+."+*:>&b&/.'"+'&$#&M*"&$%&=.MH'*::%
+%'*%g596-6(#0"'*4,*=.&%*!>,*[j*B0&"%]#40,#99%*m*k*j*<6&*-6*536"4%99%*$%&(%*m*k^*'0"(*5%&(%'
9)]%"46#&%'*-6#'*0"*=0,&&6#(*(&0,$%&*9%,&'*)?,#$69%"('*50-#?,%'E*$0#&%*#50"0596'(%'E*46"'
9%'*j*B,9*4d6"#-69*m*kE*j*799)90,/05*m*k*%(*j*G0#%*46"'*9%'*(&0,'*m*k*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*UWÊ
'6"'*0,>9#%&*9%*j*P04%*4,*=6=%*m*k*4%*D.:/7.E&S*B0&='*%(*'%g,69#()*'%->9%"(*#5#*(&.'*=&)'%"('
50--%*46"'*j*M0-*4%*C0"5*k*[?,#*=&05.4%*'6"'*40,(%*4%*j*M0-*4%*"0-*m*k^*f*96*=6]%
WUW*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*q*-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*46"'*j*N0"4*4%*>90"4*m*k*[$8*8SÊ*?,#*'%
&6==0&(%*=0''#>9%-%"(*f*,"*(&0,*?,#*=0,&&6#(*>#%"*l(&%*9d6",'S
<l9%H-l9%E*5#(0"'*%"50&%*j*M0-*4d,"%*(0->%*|t}*m*k*[OS7SE*=S*VU^*%(*j*869-#]0"4&#%
4d$#'#]0(3%&#%'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@Q1Ê*%g=&%''#0"*(&.'*C6&&/?,%*(0,(*50--%*9d0g/-0&#?,%*j*<6&*96
4#$#"%*=6(6(%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1TL^*%(*j*B&)6,*4d])-#''#0"*k*[OS7SE*=S*@X1^*0o*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*,"
=%,*j*B&)"0-*m*kE*j*])-#&*k*%(*j*)-#''#0"*k*q*-6#'*6,''#*j*M0-*4%*O#0,9%*m*k*[:SBSOSE*=S
@LT^*0,*j*5&)*"0-*4%*4,*k*[OS7SE*=S*@11^*0o*j*O#%,*k*"d%'(*=6'*4#(*[$(&?*=0,&*j*4)*k*53%u
N6>%96#'*46"'*j*=6&*96*-%&*4)*k^*%(*%"F#"*j*Z9)6,*4%*Z&6"5%*m*k*[OS7SE*=S*1VXÊ*(0"#(&,6"(E
F&6"50=30>%*%(*699#()&6(#FS
8#]"690"'* )]69%-%"(* 5%((%* ')&#%* &/(3-)%* =,#')%* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A* [=S
Q@U^D*j*<0,''#.&%*4%*&#%"*m*6&5*f*u#]u6]*m*90"],%*&,%*m*90"],%*&,%*m*>,%*6,*>0#&6*m*kE*96*=0#"(%
50&&%'=0"46"(*6,*&%(&6$6#9*4,*=&0$%&>%*j*a,#*6*>,*>0#&6*kS*a,6"(*f*j*I#99%*:%5'*m*k*[OS7SE*=S
@X1Ê*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*699,'#0"*6,g*j*-#99%*k*0#'%6,g*[@@@@E*=0,&*l(&%*%g65(^*?,%*&%5%"'%
9d6,(%,&*f*96*F#"*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AS*O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*%"F#"E*0"*'d%g596-%&6*j*F0#
4d>l(%*m*k*[=S*@LX^*%(*j*(&0,*4d0#%*m*k*[=S*@WX^*%(*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*D*j*(&0,*4d$#%*m*k*[=S*@WAÊ
j*I#99%*-0,53%'*m*k*%(*j*M0-*4d,"*=d(#(*'6"'0""%(*m*kS
B0"5%&"6"(*9d$8*$%$7*4d!>,E*"0(&%*(3)0&#%*(0,(%*=%&'0""%99%*%'(*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4d,"*-0(H$69#'%
-l96"(*-%&4%*%(*-0&4&%E*96*?,%'(#0"*)(6"(*4%*'6$0#&*'#*9%*=6'')*'/->09#')*=6&*9%*4)53%(
F)569*]#]0(%*%"50&%*%(*'d#9*'d6]#(*4%*'d%"*-)F#%&*D*f*5%96E*G6&&/*&%=0"4*0,#*%(*5d%'(*40"5*=6&*,"
@AL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
5&#*4%*],%&&%*6FF#&-6(#F*?,%*50--%"5%*96*=#.5%E*,"*5&#*'0""6"(*50--%*,"%*-%"65%*96"5)%
f*96*F65%*4,*=&)'%"(*%(*4,*F,(,&*%(*'#]"#F#6"(*6$%5*F0&5%*?,%*9%*=6'')*"0,'*&)'%&$%*,"*53#%"
4%*'6*53#%""%*H*56&*'#*96*9,-#.&%*",#(E*9%*=6'')*-0&4S*a,6"(*f*96*-6(#.&%*F)569%*%(*'=#&69)%\
'=#&69#?,%*[9%'*4%''#"'*9d6((%'(%"(Ê*%99%*50"'(#(,%*9d)(&0"\>96'0"*90]#?,%*4%*5%*B3%$69#%&*4%
9d;&4,&%E*4%*9dK"(&0=#%*%(*4%*96*N)]&%''#0"*?,d%'(*5%((%*-%&4&%*6->,96"(%*4%*=.&%*!>,*[56&
#5#E*4#&%*j*I%&4&%*m*kE*5d%'(*4#&%*j*G%*',#'*kÊ*:0,50(*'%*=&)'%"(6"(*=9,(s(*50--%*,"*',=%&H
'696,4*>%6,50,=*=9,'*&6(#0""%9E*>%6,50,=*=9,'*-69#"*%(*>%6,50,=*-#%,g*0&]6"#')S
B%=%"46"(E* M0$6&#"6* '6,&6* &%C0#"4&%* G6&&/* ',&* 9%* (%&&6#"* ]9#''6"(* 4%* 96* F)569#()* %"
=&0=0'6"(*4%*"0,$%99%'*$6&#6(#0"'*f*=6&(#&*4,*-0(*4%*B6->&0""%S*+%*$056>9%*'%*(&6"'F0&-%
=6&*%g%-=9%*%"*,"*-0(H$69#'%*0o*#9*'%*$0#(*6''05#)*f*e-#"5%e*[0,*'%&6#(H5%*C,'(%*9d%FF%(*4d,"%
',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*4%*>0"*690#*h^*=0,&*4)'#]"%&*,"*-)4%5#"*D*9%*j*405(%,&*I%&5%*kS*7$%5
,"*',FF#g%*#"4#?,6"(*,"%*5%&(6#"%*?,6"(#()*0,*,"%*-,9(#=9#56(#0"*&)43#>#(0#&%*4%'*-6(#.&%'*%"
?,%'(#0"E*9%*&%(&6$6#9*=0,&&6*-l-%*4)>0,53%&*',&*,"*j*-%&4,=9%*k*4,*=9,'*5056''%*%FF%(
q*-6#'*#9*F6,(*%"50&%*"0(%&*j*I)C#-%&4%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@1L^*%(*j*I%&4)9%''#%,&'*k*6#"'#*?,%
4%'*"0-'*4%*C0,&")%'*#-6]#"6#&%'*[?,0#?,%E*46"'*5%*56'E*=&053%*4%*9d#(69#%"*j*I%&509%4#*k^
50--%*j*I%&409)56&4#*kE*'6"'*40,(%*,"*j*I%&5&%4#*@Q*kE*,"*-%&5&%4#*F6(69E*-6,4#(E*0o*(0,(
$6*-69*[)?,6&&#''6]%*%(*40,9%,&*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"^S*;,(&%*j*-%&4,=9%*k*%(*j*I659,-%&4%*kE
0"*6$6#(*6,''#*,"*6-,'6"(*j*-%&4#.-%*k*46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/*.#A*.8$?.#A*[=S*1X1Ê*r,$&%
0o*#9*%'(*%"50&%*?,%'(#0"*4%*j*96*)"#.-%*-%&4#.-%*%(*=&%-#.&%*F0#'*50"'5#%"5%*%(*'5#%"5%*k
0o*9d0"*%"(%"4*$6],%-%"(*e'5#%"5%*'6"'*50"'5#%"5%eS
a,6"(* 6,* -0(* -l-%* 4%* j* !>,* kE* #9* '%* &%(&0,$%* ,"* =%,* 46"'* ,"* 4%'* =&)F#g%'* 4%
=&)4#9%5(#0"* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* c* 5%* =&)F#g%E* j* !&9,* k* q* ?,d0"* &%(&0,$%* 46"'* j* !&9,-0"4%* kE
j*J,&9,5#%""%*k^*$0#&%*46"'*9%*j*>l(%*50'(,-%*,&>%'?,%*k*4%*F&'/#$/*[=S*VA^*0o*9d,&>6#"*'%
[\9%^*4#'=,(%*6$%5[\f^*9d,>,%'?,%*q*%'(*=&%'?,%*,"*50"5,&&%"(*4%*j*<6(6*k*D*#9*%'(*%"*(0,(*56'
6,''#*#"'09#(%*?,%*9,#*S*O%*-l-%E*0"*=%,(*50"'#4)&%&*?,d,"*"0-*50--%*j*G%6"*!]9,*k*[7SRSE
=S*WV^*50"(#%"(*!>,E*]9,*%(*9d6"]96#'*#0:SS*<0,&*j*(,4%&*kE*'#*j*5&#-%&*k*9%*&%-=965%E*0"*"%
9d0,>9#%*=6'*D*j*`%&(%*50'%((%E*]6&%*(6*=0,''%((%E*9%'*4%,g*(,40"'*$0"(*(%*(,4%&*m*k*[:SBSOSE
=S*@11^*-6#'*9d0"*"%*'653%*=6'*?,%*e(,40"'e*k*[I%,"#%&E*(,%*40"5*mÊ*#5#*,(#9#')*50--%*,"
'/"0"/-%*=6(6=3/'#?,%*4%*e(,%,&'eE*6==6&6#''%*C6-6#'*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*G6&&/S
K&L.&@&Q#%''%&$%&a*#<(%'+%&B
Bd%'(*',&(0,(*6,*"#$%6,*4%*9d6&-,&%&#%*?,%*5,9-#"%*9%*59#"*4dr#9*f*G6&&/[\!>,^S*80,$%"0"'H
"0,'* %"* %FF%(* 4,* j* 4)-6"53%H50-6"53%* kE* 4,* j* 5&05* f* -%&4&%* kE* 4%* 96* j* -653#"%* f
4)5%&$%9%&*k*%(*4,*j*>p(0"*f*<3/"6"5%*k*q*'6"'*0,>9#%&*>#%"*'z&*9%*j*5&053%(*f*"0>9%'*kE*9%'
j*=%(#('*>0,('*4%*>0#'*k*[j*46"'*9%'*0"%#99%'*k^*%(*6,(&%'*j*=#'(09%('*f*=3/"6"5%'*k*c*46"'
4.'>+.$)'(&*:5+9??&E*#9'*'%&0"(*50--%*&%-=965)'*=6&*9%'*(%&&#>9%'*6&-%'*#5#*&%5%"')%'*D
j* $#4%H>0/6,* k* [=S* 1WTÊ* j* (0&=#99%,'%* f* =0-=%* k* [=S* 1QVÊ* j* )5&6'%H(l(%* k* [=S* 1VQÊ
j*>6{0""%((%*>6&>%9)%k*[=S*@UW^*-6#'*6,''#*j*96-%H96-%*f*4%,g*50,='*kE*j*&6590#&*)",59)%,&
40,>9%H(&6"53%* kE* j* =#'(09%(H(0&=#99%,&* k* %(* j* 4)50,=%H=0,-0"* kE* 9%'* =9,'* C6&&/?,%'* )(6"(
9%*j*$#4%H>0/6,*k*%(*9%*j*&6590#&*)",59)%,&*k*[64C%5(#F*F6#'6"(*6,''#*=%"'%&*f*j*%,",?,%*kE
f* j* %"5,9%&* k* %(* f* j* ",59)6#&%* k^S* B%((%* 50&&%'=0"46"5%E* B3&#'(#"%* N6-6(* 96* 50"'(6(%
XA
)]69%-%"(*46"'*j*+%*B6&"6$69*4%'*96"],%'*k D
L’ingéniosité sadique de la lutte carnavalesque se manifeste dans la circulation
d’accessoires à torture qui ne sont pas loin « des pinces à porc », « du ciseau à
oneilles » et « du couteau à figure » du père Ubu.
XA
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*j*+%*B6&"6$69*4%'*96"],%'*kE*4&*7+IM7)&*(&*N.:G)&*P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@AVS
@AV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
Md0-%((0"'*=6'*#5#*j*9d0,(#9%*f*(,%&*k*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*QWU^*%(*9%*(%&&#>9%*j*30,>6H
30,>6*k*[,"%*&)F)&%"5%*6,*30,96H30=*h*6,*j*J0,>6*m*J0,>6*m*J0=*m*k*4,*I6&',=#96-#*h^*4,
F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*TV^*%(*6C0,(0"'*%"50&%*f*5%((%*9#'(%*j*9%'*-#''#9%'*5r,&H5r,&*k
4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*1L^*0oE*50--%*=0,&*9%*j*96-%H96-%*k*[%(*>#%"*'z&*9%*j*30,>6H30,>6*kÊ
0"*&%(&0,$%*9%*=&05)4)*4,*&%40,>9%-%"(*5056''%*4%*-0('*q*-l-%*'#E*%"*9d055,&&%"5%E*#9
'd6]#&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,(s(*4%*96*(&6"'=0'#(#0"*=6&04#?,%*4d,"%*(%&-#"090]#%*-#9#(6#&%*50"",%*[5FS
j*-#''#9%'*'09H'09*kE*%(5Ê*9%'*F6-%,'%'*j*>699%'*O,-HO,-*k*6/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*#"F9,%"5)
9d6,(%,&*q*?,6"(*6,*j*F,'#9*96"5%H>699%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1Q1Ê*#9*'d6]#(*4d,"*=9)0"6'-%*[f*-0#"'*?,%
9%'*>699%'*'0#%"(*%"*5%99,90{4^S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&E*9%*46"]%&*50-#?,%*%'(*%"50&%*=9,'*=&)'%"(
6$%5*9%'*j*-#''#9%'*'09H'09H'09H'09*k*[=S*@QQ^S
;"* 6$0,%&6* 40"5* ?,%* 5%(* 6&'%"69* >#u6&&%* &6==%99%* ]&6"4%-%"(* !>,* q* $0#&%* 9%'
j* (6&(6=,9(%'* k* %(* 6,(&%'* j* (0&=#99%'* 5&)-#.&%'* k* 4,* F6-%,g* P90,=#%&* [,"* 6,(&%* =0(653%^S
<0,&(6"(E* #9* '%->9%&6#(* ?,%* 53%u* G6&&/E* 9d6((#&6#9* %"* ?,%'(#0"* &%9.$%* =9,'* %g65(%-%"(* 4%'
j* %"]#"'* 4%* (0&(,&%'* k* ?,%* 4%'* j* -653#"%'* 4%* ],%&&%* k* [4%* (#&* 0,* 4d6''6,(* f* -6#"* ",%^
50--%*53%u*M0$6&#"6S
B%96*4#(E*0"*=6&9%&6*6$%5*6-0,&*4,*j*C09#*(&6$6#9*4%*9d0>,'*k*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&
[=S*1TV^*D*#5#E*9d0>,'*"%*&l$%*=6'*4dj6''6#'0""%&*9%'*J,"'*k*50--%*53%u*a,%"%6,E*-6#'
4%* j* |56"6&4%&* 96* =%"(%}* 4d65(#0"* k* [,"* 50--%"(6#&%* 50--%* j* B%* (&0,* %'(* F0&-#46>9%* k
'd6==9#?,6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,*&)',9(6(*4,*56"6&46]%*%"*?,%'(#0"^S
I%,&(&%* %(* -0&(* '0"(* 40"5* =6&(0,(* %(* 9%'* 536-='* 9%g#56,g* %"* ()-0#]"%"(* D* 0,(&%
j*5&#-%&*kE*#9*/*6*j*6''6''6#]"%&*kE*j*50"$%&(#&*=0,&*4%*>0"*?,%9?,d,"*%"*6-6"(*4,*")6"(*kE
j*=6''%&*4%*96*$#%*f*96*(&.=%*k*0,E*=9,'*&)5%--%"(E*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[&%'=%5(#$%-%"(
=S* 1@* %(* =S* UQÊ* j* >696''0--%&* k* ["0,$%99%* -0469#()* 4%* 9d6''0--6]%* C6&&/?,%^* %(
j* 4)],#994)]96">0,90(#""%&* k* ?,#* ',]].&%* =%,(Hl(&%* ?,%* 96* $#5(#-%* '%* $0#(* j* )]96"4)%* kE
4)]9#"],)%[\4)u#"],)%Ê*],#990(#")%*=,#'*>0,90(()%*%(*-l-%*j*>0,90(#"")%*k*['0#(*'6$0,&)%E
4)],'()%*9%"(%-%"(^*%"*50--%"b6"(*=6&*9%'*=#%4'**[=S*UQÊ*'6"'*40,(%*=6&*,"%*-653#"%*f
(,%&*3,-6#"%E*f*96*F0#'*'6,$6]%*%(*'0=3#'(#?,)%S
a,6"(* 6,g* "0>9%'* ?,#* j* |=6''%"(}* =6&* 96* (&6==%* kE* 5d%'(* ,"* 4#'=0'#(#F* '/'()-6(#?,%
?,#* &6==%99%* ,"* =%,* 9%* x* 5&#-%* i* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&' ' [6,?,%9* "0,'* 6$0"'* F6#(* 699,'#0"
X@
=&)5)4%--%"(^S*Z6#'6"(*699,'#0"*f*5%((%*'5."%*4dW=#')9$E*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6( *)5&#(*D*j*O6"'*96
=#.5%*4%*G6&&/E*9%'*"0>9%'*4)F#96#%"(*f*96*(&6==%E*#5#*9%*50,=%,&*4%*(l(%*,>,%'?,%*%'(*50,=%,&
4%*96"],%*%(*>0,59%,&*4%*>%5*kE*F6#'6"(*'6"'*40,(%*699,'#0"*f*:0,50(t
K&@&C*+<+&a*#<*"&j&B&^&-W%:"')%&%:&><D:%&$W#:&:*#A%-&dH#
<0,&*=6&9%&*%"50&%*4%*96*=#.5%*96*=9,'*50"",%*4%*G6&&/E*#9*%'(*5%&(6#"*?,%*4567&:$&)';9:.87*9,#
&%''%->9%*=6&*>#%"*4%'*6'=%5('*%(*?,%*:0,50(*40#(*>%6,50,=*f*!>,*D*"%*'d6]#(H#9*=6'*4d,"
(/&6"*'6"'*5r,&E*5&,%9*6,*=9,'*36,(*=0#"(E*4d,"%*>&,(%*'6"],#"6#&%E*4d,"*6"#-69*[5FS*:0,5^
6,g*>6''%'*6'=#&6(#0"'*h
<0,&*!>,*50--%*=0,&*:0,50(E*96*F#"*C,'(#F#%*9%'*-0/%"'*%(*=%&'0""%*"%*40#(*'%*-%((&%
%"* (&6$%&'* 4%* '0"* 53%-#"* D* j* (6#'%uH$0,'* 0,* C%* $0,'* s(%* 9%'* 0&%#99%'* k* [=S* TA^* c* 46"'* 9%
56'*=&)'%"(E*0"*"%*=&05.4%&6*40"5*=6'E*50--%*!>,E*f*,"%*'0&(%*4%*(0&(,&%*'64#?,%*=6&
#"(&04,5(#0"*4%*j*=%(#('*>0,('*4%*>0#'*46"'*9%'*0"%#99%'*k*-6#'*>%9*%(*>#%"*=6&*6>96(#0"*4d0&#99%'
=,&%*%(*'#-=9%S*M0"0>'(6"(E*96*(%53"#?,%*4%*9d6''0--6]%*&%'(%*,"%*=&05)4,&%*(&.'*'z&%
%(*6/6"(*F6#(*'%'*=&%,$%'*c*9%*50"F#&-%*5%((%*4#46'569#%*D*j*:0,50(*9,#*6&&653%*9%*536=%6,
%(*9d6''0--%S*R9*-%,&(*k*[=S*VV^S*M0(0"'*?,%E*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*9%*536=%6,E*=6&F0#'*?,69#F#)
4%* -%"(69E* &%=&)'%"(%* =%,(Hl(&%* 96* (l(%* %(* ?,d6''0--%&* [#5#* D* (0,(* 5%* ?,#* &%'(%* 4%* 96* (l(%
X@
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.S*4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*UUS
@@A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%(*4,*50&='^*=0,&&6#(*&%$%"#&*f*'d6'',&%&*?,%*9%*j*4)5%&$%96]%*k*%'(*>#%"*%FF%5(#FS*:&%FE*'6
>&,(69#()*'d%g=&#-%&6*4%*-#99%*-6"#.&%'E*-6#'*(0,C0,&'*j*,>,%'?,%-%"(*kE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*'6"'
'0,5#*4%*9d)(3#?,%*"#*&)F9%g#0"*=&)696>9%S*M0(0"'*?,%*5%((%*'6,$6]%&#%*q*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&
X1
"0,'*9%*&6==%99%*46"'*j*+d6&53#(%5(,&%*4,*'0,FF9%*k *q*50"5%&"%*6,''#*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/*D*j*;"*"%*50-=(%*=9,'*9%'*%g)5,(#0"'*'0--6#&%'*[=6&*4)56=#(6(#0"E*F,'#9964%E
'(&6"],96(#0"E*-,(#96(#0"E*=%"46#'0"^*%(*6,(&%'*655#4%"('*4,*7).;.$:*%"*(0,(*]%"&%*kS
B%96*4#(E*90&'?,d#9*'%*4)],#'%*[5FS*=S*XWE*6$%5*,"*j*F6,g*"%u*kÊ*%"*j*]%"(#9*0&]6"#'6(%,&*kE
:0,50(* "%* 'd#-=&0$#'%* =6'* (%9* %(* 9%'* ?,%'(#0"'* ?,d#9* =0'%* 6,g* 56"4#46('* [==S* XWHXXÊ
'%->9%"(* '0#]"%,'%-%"(* 530#'#%'E* =%"')%'E* 50"b,%'* =6&* 9,#* =0,&* F6#&%* %"* '0&(%* ?,d#9'
)530,%"(*96-%"(6>9%-%"(S*R5#E*96*5&,6,()*>0,50(#?,%*'%&6*',&(0,(*='/53090]#?,%*%(*#9*'%*=%,(
-l-%*?,%*:0,50(*'0#(*%"50&%*=9,'*=%&$%&'*?,d!>,E*?,#*%'(*,"*=%&'0""6]%*%''%"(#%99%-%"(
'(,=#4%S*7#"'#*40"5E*-l-%*'d#9*=%,(*=6&F0#'*/*6$0#&*&%50,&'E*9%*=.&%*:0,50(*"%*'%*'%&(*=6'
6,(0-6(#?,%-%"(*4%*96*$#09%"5%*=3/'#?,%*D*#9*%'(*',&(0,(*5%9,#*?,#*$%,(*?,%*96*I653#"%*f*F6#&%
4%*9d6&]%"(*(0,&"%*f*=9%#"*&)]#-%E*96*I653#"%*f*j*4)5%&$%9%&*k*[=0,$6"(*#5#*'%*50"F0"4&%
6$%5*5%99%*j*?,#*4#(*$0#5#*k^*"d)(6"(*?,d,"*-0/%"*=6&-#*4d6,(&%'*4d/*=6&$%"#&S
B%96*4#(E*96*9)]%"46#&%*50,6&4#'%*4,*=.&%*!>,*%'(*)]69%-%"(*9d,"*4%'*(&6#('*40-#"6"('
4,*=%&'0""6]%*?,d#"$%"(6*M0$6&#"6E*%(*F%&6*9d0>C%(*4%*'5."%'*F0&(*5056''%'S*B3%u*N6>%96#'E
0"* 9%* '6#(E* 9%* (3.-%* 4%* 96* =%,&* 6* =,* l(&%* (&6#()* ',&* ,"* -04%* 3,-0&#'(#?,%* q* 9%'* F&6/%,&'
4%* <6",&]%* 46"'* 9%* T#.)7' :$;)&* [5FS* j* _696'* m* _696'* m* G%* "6/%* k^* 50"'(#(,6"(* -l-%* ,"
4%'*'0--%('*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*50-#?,%*4%*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%*[(0,(*%"*&6==%96"(*f*(0,(%*,"%
])")&6(#0"*9%*4%''#"*6"#-)*e850,>#40,e*%(*6,g*-)90-6"%'*9%*=%&'0""6]%*4%*<6=6]%"0^S
;&E*5%((%*=%,&*&%"4,%*50-#?,%*'%&6*6,''#*5%99%*4d!>,*[5FS*j*G%*$6#'*(0->%&*%(*l(&%*-0&(*k^
%(*56&65()&#'%&6*)]69%-%"(*:0,50(*D
Qu’est-ce que c’est ? (Il saute dans les bras de sa femme) Ah Docteur, sauvezmoi, je vais tomber, je suis très angoissé (p. 105).
O.'*96*=6]%*@TE*#9*)(6#(*4)Cf*',C%(*f*4%*(%&&#>9%'*5&#'%'*4d6"]0#''%*=6&6"0{6?,%*D*j*7((%"(#0"
O05(%,&E* "%* 4)=6''%u* =6'* 96* 40'%E* 'd#9'* '0"(* (&0=* -,'59)'E* #9'* $0"(* '%* 4&%''%&* %(* -%
F&6==%&*m*kS*+6*=%&'=%5(#$%*4d,"%*-0&(*$#09%"(%*[46"'*9%*]%"&%*4%*5%99%'*?,%*&650"(%*8,)(0"%
46"'*N$&'(&/'(9#O&'>I/.)/^*%'(*,"%*4%'*36"(#'%'*4%*5%*")0HM)&0"*D*j*Cd6#*=%,&*4%*96*",#(*4,
50,(%6,*k*[=S*LQ^S*K"*'0--%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*=%,&*?,#*%g=9#?,%*96*5&,6,()*%(*96*'6,$6]%&#%*D
0"*(,%*[0"*F6#(*(,%&*0,*0"*96#''%*(,%&^*=0,&*"%*=6'*l(&%*(,)E*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*9%*j*(,46]%*k
)(6#(*,"%*=&)56,(#0"*=0,&*'d)$#(%&*4%*-0,&#&E*5365,"*)(6"(*,"*(,%,&*=0(%"(#%9*4%*'0#*%(*9%'
-0&('*)(6"(*.'%)$9)$*#"0FF%"'#F'S
B%* (/=%* 4%* &6#'0""%-%"(* -0&>#4%* '%* &%(&0,$%* ,"* =%,* [56&* 96* &)65(#0"* 4%* 9d)$%"(,%9
>&#]6"4*%'(H%99%*'#*'z&%*h^*f*96*=6]%*XW*0o*9d%"F6"5%*'%&(*4%*>0,59#%&*3,-6#"*D*j*K"$0#%*9%
=%(#(*D*'#*,"*>&#]6"4*%'(*6,*>0,(E*#9*"d0'%&6*F&6==%&*5%(*#""05%"(*k
K"F#"E*50--%"(*50"59,&%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%*50"'65&)%*f*:0,50(*'6"'*)$0?,%&*96*j*40,5%
-0#(#)* k* 4%* 5%* 4%&"#%&* h* +f* %"50&%E* #9* /* 6* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* 6$%5* G6&&/* $0#&%* [%FF%(* 4%
56'564%* h^* f* 836n%'=%6&%* [?,#E* "0(6--%"(* 46"'* H.*=&7+E* -#(* )]69%-%"(* %"* '5."%
4d#"?,#)(6"('*50,=9%'*-6,4#('^S*7#"'#E*96*-6"#.&%*&#4#5,9%*40"(*!>,*'d64&%''%*f*'6*F%--%*q
-6#'*6,''#*f*'6*50"'5#%"5%*[5FS*j*I646-%*-6*50"'5#%"5%*k^*q*'%*&%(&0,$%&6E*=6&*%g%-=9%E
f*96*=6]%*WQ*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87*D*j*;*I646-%*:0,53%*|t}*;*:0,59%((%E*C%*',#'*6$6&%*m*R9*$6
5%&(6#"%-%"(*/*6$0#&*,"*C0,&E*,"*50-=90(*50"(&%*-0#*kS
B0"5%&"6"(*5%((%*)-#"%"5%*]&#'%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*'%*4%-6"4%&*[$(&?*=0,&*96*-.&%
!>,^*'#*'0"*#-=0&(6"5%*'0,(%&&6#"%*"d%'(*=6'*6,*F0"4*[96*'5."%*4%*9d6FF#53%*=0&"0]&6=3#?,%
40""6"(* =&%'?,%* 5%* '%"(#-%"(^* %"50&%* =9,'* ]&6"4%* D* =%,(Hl(&%* -l-%* ?,%* 9%* $)&#(6>9%
X1
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*+d6&53#(%5(,&%*4,*'0,FF9%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*LWS
@@@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-0"'(&%E*5d%'(*%99%*[:0,50(*"d)(6"(*690&'*?,d,"*=6"(#"^*c*5%((%*3/=0(3.'%*"d%'(*=6'*f*%g59,&%
-6#'E* =&#'%* 6,* ')&#%,gE* %99%* #-=9#?,%&6#(* '6"'* 40,(%* ,"%* -#'%* %"* '5."%* 50-=9.(%-%"(
XQ
4#FF)&%"(%S*8,&*j*-646-%*:0,53%*k*%(*46"'*j*+%*'/"4&0-%*M0$6&#"6*k E*B9)-%"(*N0''%(
'd%'(* 4d6#99%,&'* =&0"0"5)* %"* 4#'6"(* ?,%* 5%* "0-* j* |)$0?,6#(}* f* 96* F0#'* 9d#4)%* 4%* -646-%
:0,50(E*4%*',5%,'%E*4%*>0,53%*=&0=&%*f*)(0,FF%&*[%(*9%'*-0/%"'*%"*'0"(*596#&%-%"(*#"4#?,)'^
(0,(%*&%$%"4#56(#0"*0,$&#.&%*k*c*5d%'(*>#%"*9%*56'*D*5%((%*:0,53%H9f*%'(*,"%*0]&%''%E*,"%
4)$0&%,'%E*,"%*$6-=*4%*96*=#&%*%'=.5%S
<0,&* %"* &%$%"#&* ,"* =%,* f* :0,50(* %(* "0,'* '%&$#&* 4%* "0'* -6#]&%'* 50""6#''6"5%'* %"
-6(#.&%*4d3#"40,#'-%E*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*96*4)F#"#(#0"*',#$6"(%*'%&6#(*=0''#>9%*D*:0,50(*D
O#6>9%*'05#69*=6&*0==0'#(#0"*f*I6&6E*4#6>9%*%"*'0#*%(*4#%,*4%*9d#99,'#0"S*O0#(*'0"*=0,$0#&*f*'6
-6w(&#'%*4,*96"]6]%*%(*4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%S*R"56&"%*:6>/90"%E*9d%"(&%=&#'%E*9%'*=,#''6"5%'*4%
9d6&]%"(*%(*9%*5s()*"0#&*4%*96*<6&09%S*O#FF.&%*4d!>,*?,#*#"56&"%*4%*F6b0"*=9,'*'=)5#F#?,%*[-6#'
"0"*-0#"'*6>/''69%^*96*>l(#'%*3,-6#"%S
RKUKRK&?/%&/#19%$$%&J*(*:<=-231%
K&i%>"%>&%"&*/+:+*:>&$%&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.
G6&&/E*0"*9d0,>9#%*=6&F0#'E*5d%'(*6,''#*Z6,'(&099*c*0&E*0"*=0,&&6#(*=%"'%&E*%(*"0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'E
?,%* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'* "0$6&#"#%"'E* f* 9d#-6]%* 4%* :0''%H4%H"6]%* %(* 4%* <6"-,=39%* ['6"'
0,>9#%&* j* 9d7'* ?,#* %'(* ,"* 5&#>9%* k^* )$09,%"(* 46"'* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* ?,6(&#.-%* 4#-%"'#0"
=6(6=3/'#?,%* ?,#* )$0?,%* )$%"(,%99%-%"(* 6,''#* 9d,"#$%&'* 4%* B6&&099E* 5%9,#* 4%* N0,''%9* %(
=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%E*=6&*-0-%"('E*5%9,#*4%*N0,g%9*f*56,'%*4,*56&65(.&%*50-#?,%-%"(*&)=)(#(#F
4%*5%&(6#"%'*'#(,6(#0"'S*a,6"(*6,g*)?,6(#0"'*%(*6,(&%'*F0&-,9%'*-6(3)-6(#?,%'*4%*96*F#"
4%'*V&/7&/'&7'9%$8$98/*(#'(9*7&#)'D.#/7)9::B'%.7.%+S/$*$&8E*%99%'*&%''%->9%"(*]&6"4%-%"(E
46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%*%(*=6&*9%,&*=965%*-l-%*6,*'%#"*4%*9dr,$&%*[>#%"*?,d%99%'*"%*50"59,%"(*=6'
$&6#-%"(*96*=#.5%*4%*M0$6&#"6^*f*5%99%'*4%*96*F#"*4%*45J)$0$8&*)9#0&*q*=0,&*9d6$6"(H4%&"#.&%
=3&6'%*4,*9#$&%*4%*G6&&/E*j*O#%,*%'(*9%*=0#"(*(6"]%"(*4%*u)&0*%(*4%*9d#"F#"#*kE*%99%*"0,'*)$0?,%
>#%"*'z&*96*(3)09#'(%*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&S
O%* -l-%E* M0$6&#"6* '%* =0'%&6* 6=&.'* G6&&/E* -6#'* ',&* ,"* -04%* -0#"'* '5#%"(#F#?,%
?,d%"F6"(#"E* 4%'* ?,%'(#0"'* =6(6=3/'#?,%'* 4,* ]%"&%* [GSNSE* =S* VX^* D* j* %'(H#9* =0''#>9%* 4%
F6#&%*699%&*|96}*(l(%*'6"'*9%*-6&53%&*4%'*=#%4'*h*kE*5%*?,#*=0,&&6*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&6==%9%&
9d#"(%&&0]6(#0"*50"5%&"6"(*9%'*C6->%'*#"$#'#>9%'*4%'*j*=d(#('*>6(%6,g*k*%(E*=9,'*C6&&/?,%-%"(E
4%'*?,%'(#0"'*4)'6&b0""6"(%'*50--%*5%99%'*?,#*'0"(*=0')%'*46"'*5%&(6#"'*50,&('*%''6#'
4%*4.'>+.8(&::&'N&)7&*50"5%&"6"(*=6&*%g%-=9%*9%*'(6(,(*%g65(*4%'*$096"('*4%*>64-#"(0"*0,
4%'*"0/)'*%(*4%*9%,&*&6==0&(*6$%5*96*]%"(*'0,'H-6&#"%S
<9,'* ])")&69%-%"(E* 50"5%&"6"(* 9%* 50"5%=(* 4%* <6(6=3/'#?,%E* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 5%* '0#(
f* 5365,"E* %"* 6996"(* 6,H4%9f* 4%* 96* 4)F#"#(#0"* '0--6#&%* [5FS* j* 96* '5#%"5%* 4%'* '09,(#0"'
#-6]#"6#&%'*k^*?,d%"*=&0=0'6*'0"*#"$%"(%,&E*4%*4#&%*$&6#-%"(*4%*?,0#*#9*'d6]#(*D*#9*F6,(*=%,(H
l(&%*=&05)4%&*4%*-l-%*6$%5*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6*%"*53%&536"(*=0,&*(0,(%'*5%'*=6&09%'*,"
j*#4#0(*6#&*?,#*6#99%*4%'','*k*q*j*#4#0(*k*)(6"(*>#%"*'z&*f*%"(%"4&%*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*=%&'0""%9S
7*5365,"*[9%5(%,&E*65(%,&*0,*405(0&6"(^*4%*=&0=0'%&*'6*$%&'#0"*[%(*"0,'*"0,'*/*%-=90/0"'*f
(&6$%&'*5%((%*(3.'%^S*7,(&%-%"(*4#(*D*F65%*f*5%((%*r,$&%E*"0,'*'0--%'*,"*=%,*50--%*4%$6"(
4%'*3#)&0]9/=3%'*0,*4%'*#4)0]&6--%'*-/'()&#%,g*D*f*"0,'*4d%''6/%&*4%*9%'*#"(%&=&)(%&*-6#'
50--%"(* 9%* F6#&%* '6"'* =&%"4&%* ?,%9?,%'* &#'?,%'* [&#4#5,9%E* F9#&(* 6$%5* 96* F09#%* 0,* 6,(&%'^* %(
=6(6=3#90'0=3%&*f*"0(&%*(0,&*h
XQ
**B9)-%"(*N0''%(E*j*+%*'/"4&0-%*M0$6&#"6*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1LUS
@@1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
O%*=9,'*[6,(&%*50&&%'=0"46"5%Ê*9%*(3)p(&%*4d79F&%4*G6&&/E*50--%*5%9,#*4%*P3%94%&04%
%(*5%9,#*4%*I6%(%&9#"5nE*&%9.$%*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*4d,"*(3)p(&%*4%*-6&#0""%((%'E*%(*5d%'(*6,''#
9%*56'*4,*(3)p(&%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*q*"0(6--%"(*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*0,*4&'F.)($8'(&
)&*988.$//.8*&E* ',&(0,(* '#* 9d0"* (#%"(* 50-=(%* 4,* "0->&%* 6''%u* 9#-#()* 4%'* =6"(#"'* ?,#* '%
-%,$%"(*4%$6"(*"0,'*',&*96*'5."%\56'(%9%(S*B0"5%&"6"(*9%*56'(%9%(E*5d%'(E*',&*'5."%E*>#%"
=9,'*?,d,"*655%''0#&%*%(*0"*'6#(*?,%*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"E*I#53%9*:6,4#"6(*0,*<6'569*;-30$.&%
F,&%"(*9%'*4#]"%'*',55%''%,&'*4,*P,],''%*4%*96*+0(%&#%*<#%&&0(S
B0--%*46"'*96*&%$,%*K*+&)O9E*M0$6&#"6E*=6/6"(*'6*4%((%E*F%&6*4d6#99%,&'*4#&%5(%-%"(
699,'#0"*6,*=.&%*4%*Z6,'(&099*%(*4d!>,*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*90"],%*#"(%&$#%~*6550&4)%*6,
XW
* *
H.0.O$8&'4$77I).$)&* *D
Il est peut-être temps de porter sur nous-même un regard
« hétéroanthroscopique », comme dirait Jarry - porter un regard sur l’homme
depuis l’extérieur de l’homme : depuis l’animal, depuis Dieu, depuis le caillou,
depuis le pantin. J’écris du théâtre pour mettre hors d’homme. C’est un théâtre
qui n’a pas l’homme pour modèle.
B0--%*G6&&/E*M0$6&#"6*=6&(*4,*=6"(#"S*R9*(%"(%*9%*4)30--6]%S*R5#E*9d#"(%99#]%"5%*3,-6#"%
"d%'(* =6'* 50"'#4)&)%* 50--%* 9%* -%#99%,&* 4%'* 5&#(.&%'* c* 0"* '%* '#(,%* 6#99%,&'* [46"'* 96
<6(6=3/'#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%^S*<0,&(6"(E*"%*9d0,>9#0"'*=6'E*#9*/*6*6,''#*4%*96*=%"')%*53%u*G6&&/*D
5d%'(*5%*?,d#]"0&%"(*5%,g*?,#*"d0"(*9,*?,dW=#*c*3%,&%,'%-%"(E*4%'*$0#g*?,#*=0&(%"(*q*5%99%
4%* M0$6&#"6E* 4d7&&6>69E* 4%* `#6"E* 4%* a,%"%6,E* 4%* M0‡9* 7&"6,4* 0,* 4d!->%&(0* K50* ['6"'
0,>9#%&* O%9%,u%* %(* :6,4&#996&4* ?,#E* =3#90'0=3#?,%-%"(E* 6550&4%"(* >%6,50,=* 4%* =&#g* f* 96
<6(6=3/'#?,%^*q*'0"(*9f*=0,&*&6==%9%&*9d#-=0&(6"5%*4%'*$#'#0"'*?,d#9*%,(S*7,*F0"4E*9%*>,(*4%
96*<6(6=3/'#?,%*%'(*6,''#*4%*=6&9%&*4%*5%*?,d0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*4#&%*D*0&E*"d%'(H5%*=6'*9%*=&0C%(
4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*h
K&7%M/*M*H+-%&%"&E)<'*M*H+-%&
'%&/#19%*1Q&N#1)-&:#1)&$*&-%5*2/%
O6"'* 9%* 564&%* 4%* ',#(%'* [$0#&%* 4%* =&04,#('* 4)&#$)'^* f* W=#E* G6&&/* 6* 6,''#* #"$%"()E
69-6"653#?,%-%"(E* 4%'* F6,''%'* 46(%'E* 4%'* F6,''%'* Fl(%'* %(* -l-%* ,"* 569%"4&#%&
=6(6=3/'#?,%* ?,%* 9%* B099.]%* &)65(,69#'6* c* M0$6&#"6* '%->9%* &%=&%"4&%* 5%((%* (&64#(#0"* f
'0"* 50-=(%* %"* #"$%"(6"(* -l-%* 4%* "0,$%6,g* C0,&'* =0,&* 96* '%-6#"%S* 7#"'#* j* G%6"* C%* (d9%
4#'*k*[OS7SE*=S*1LV^*'%&6*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"*C0,&*#")4#(*46"'*,"%*=3&6'%*0o*9d0"*5&0#'%&6
9,"4#* [?,#* j* =%"53%* $%&'* 9%* -6&4#* kÊ* -%&5&%4#* [j* 46"'* 9%* C%,4#* k^* =,#'* $%"4&%4#* [j* ?,#* 6
'6,()*k^*%(*4#-6"53%*[j*?,#*=6''%*f*9d6'*k^S
<&053%*[5d%'(*4#&%*96*-04%&"#()*4,*=&0=0'^*4%*96*'%-6#"%*]&096"46#'%*[j*9%"4#E*-0&4#E
5&%4#E*C0,4#E*4&%4#E*'64#E*]&0-6"53%*kÊ*96*'%-6#"%*"0$6&#"#%""%*50-=0&(%&6*)]69%-%"(*4%'
C0,&'*"0--)'*j*>9%,4#E*596"4#E*C0,&4#E*$6"C%4#E*509%4#E*(6&]6''%E*'#-0#"5%*k*[`S*aSE*=S*@L^S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* "0(0"'* %"50&%* j* `%"4&)564#* k* [=S* QA@^* -6#'* 6,''#* [5FS
=S* LW^* j* 9,"4%5&#* k* [?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* 9#&%* 50--%* j* 9d,"* 4d%,g* 5&#%* k^* %(* j* 4)-6"53%* k* [?,#
&6==%99%* 9%* 4)-6"53%H50-6"53%* 4%* G6&&/^S* K"F#"E* 0"* 5&0#'%&6* 46"'* 96* -l-%* r,$&%
j*`6&409)4)5)4#*k*[?,#*50"(#%"(*4%'*4)5.'Ê*j*I%&5&09)4)564#*k*[?,#*50"(#%"(*4%'*4)564%'
4)56(#%'Ê*C0,&'*'#"#'(&%'*%(*C6&&/?,%-%"(*-0&(#F.&%'*q*9%*&%50&4*4%*90"],%,&*)(6"(*4)(%",
=6&*j*,"0-%&90'%&5&0-)4#*k*[5FS*=S*UX^S
XW
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*+6*=6&09%*0=.&%*9d%'=65%*kE*H.0.O$8&'4$77I).$)&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@A1S
@@Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
8d#"'=#&6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*5%,g*4,*B099.]%*[5FS*j*6>'09,E*3636E*6'E*'6>9%E*4)5%&$%96]%E
],%,9%'E*=)469%E*59#"6-%"E*=690(#"E*-%&4&%E*]#40,#99%E*(6(6"%E*=3699%*kÊ*9%*4)-#,&]%*#"$%"(%
6,''#*4%'*-0#'*F0&(*>#u6&&%'*D*j*C6",&%E*$%5(#6->&%E*-6&5%,#9E*>9%,E*4)u09%(E*]#"#"4&%E*(&%=(6"(E
"09#"E*>,5&#"%E*)90,#"E*'0,>w-%E*4%&>w-%*k*[`SaSE*=S*@L^*c*9f*%"50&%*96*$%#"%*%'(*"0#&%*56&*46"'
9%'*-0#'*j*-6&5%,#9*k*%(*j*4)u09%(*kE*9d0"*4%$#"%*j*5%&5%,#9*k*%(*j*4)'09)*k*[$0#&%*j*6>w-%*k
0,*j*6>#-%&*k*46"'*j*'0,>w-%*k*%(*j*4%&>w-%*k^S*a,6"(*f*j*05(6"4&%E*"0$6"(E*0"u%->&%*%(
40,u%->&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1WÊ*#9'*'d6==6&%"(%"(*46$6"(6]%*f*4%'*=6&04#%'*4%*-0#'*%g#'(6"('E
4d6,(0-"%*%(\0,*4d3#$%&S*O%*-l-%E*j*4)5%->&%*k*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*j*$#"](H5#"?*4%
4)-%"5%*"%,F*k*[OS7SE*=S*QXÊ*5%*?,#*6''#-#9%*M0‡9*f*,"%*Fl(%*4%*F0,'*-6#'*j*4)-%"5%*"%,F*k
&6==%99%*6,''#*j*F0&5%*?,6(&%*k*46"'*j*$%"(*4%*F0&5%*?,6(&%*k*[6,*F0"4E*=%,(Hl(&%*'d6]#(H#9*4%
-%',&%&*9%*4%]&)*4%*4)-%"5%*4d,"*$%"(*4%*F09#%^S
+d6=050=%*=0,&&6*C0,%&*,"*&s9%*46"'*5%((%*5&)6(#0"*4%*-0#'*[%(*4%*-0('^*"0,$%6,g*D
5d%'(*9%*56'*46"'*j*,"*40,u%*4%*'.=(%H4%H4.5%H4%H4.&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1@QÊ*j*'.=(%*k*)$0?,6"(
j*'%=(*k*%(*j*'%=(%->&%*kE*j*4.5%*k*D*j*4)5%->&%*k*%(*j*4)5)'*kE*%(*j*4.&%*k*D*j*4d%&&%,&*kE
j*4d%&&6"5%*kE*j*4%&"#%&*k*%(*',&(0,(*j*4#g*4%*4%&*k*H*#4%-*46"'*j*4%*-#HC,9%'*f*"0$%*4%
4.5%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1LL^S*7#99%,&'E*46"'*4&'@).?&'(.8/':.':.80#&'E).8b.$/&E*5d%'(*C,#99%(*?,d0"
(&0"?,%*%"*j*C,#99%*k*=S*Q1E*=S*WUE*=S*WL^*c*0"*6,&6*)]69%-%"(*j*0,l(*k*[=S*WV^*%(*j*0,(%*k*[=S*X@Ê
'6"'*0,>9#%&*j*"0$6"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*1W^*q*j*05(6"4&%*kE*j*0"u%->&%*k*%(*j*40,u%->&%*k*[OS7SE
=S*1W^*)(6"(*=9,(s(*4%'*-0('H$69#'%'S
O6"'*5%(*,"#$%&'*=6(6=3/'#?,%E*9%*-0#'*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(*>)")F#5#%&*4%*j*&6990"]%'*k*D
j*2&%"(%*4%,g*4)5%->&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*QA@^*%(*j*TA*05(0>&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*QX^*c*#9*%"*%g#'(%&6#(*-l-%
,"*(&%#u#.-%*[$8*OS7SE*=S*@LX^*?,#*6((%"4*'0"*3%,&%*q*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*-0#'*e-0&(eS*R9*/
6,&6*6,''#*,"*4)>,(*4%*569%"4&#%&*#-6]#"6#&%*f*96*=6]%*1WA*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[5FS*j*'6#"(
G0,&*4%*O)",&4#56(#0"E*Zl(%*4,*$#"](*%(*,"*4%*I)&%(E*3,#(*4%*<0(6''%S*kÊ*%(*4%'*',#(%'*4%
46(%'*(&.'*&/(3-)%'*[96*=&04#]#%,'%*4#5(#0"*4d7"4&)*I6&50"*F6#'6"(*#5#*4%'*-%&$%#99%'^*f*96
=6]%*UL*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*D*j*3,#(*$#"C#-%&4%*-%&509)4#E*3,#(*-6&4#9,'%*404)564#E
3,#(*0F6&*4%*0>E*3,#(*'6-%4#"5%*4d05(0>&6"(E*3,#(*>,5&#"*4%*$)'#"%E*3,#(*4%=(&%*4%*'%=(6"(*k*c
%(*9%*C%,*'%*=0,&',#$&6*=9,'*90#"*f*96*=6]%*@1V*D
[…] merdolédécédi huit gyptiambre de ivraie, décadi huit fangier, giovilédécédi
sept du deuil, juni havre de neuf, jour de dix François Pilâtre, humédi huit de
semblance, marcolédi second de illel, fête et lundi des vérifications, vendécédri
quatre de spérance et symnate, sabate cent huit de dié, mancholédi millicadrique
de un. Bénédicti, malédicti .
8d%g=&#-%&6*)]69%-%"(E*(0,C0,&'*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*QVÊ*50--%*,"*&%F,'
90$%5&6F(#%"*4%*96#''%&*(0->%&*j*9%'*$#%#99%'*Fl(%'*9,%'*',&*4d6"5#%"'*569%"4&#%&'*k*D*j*+6*M,#(
4%'*86"'*B0,(%6,gE*+%*G0,&*4%*8%-6#"%*B&%,'%E*9%'*I0#'*M0#&'E*9%*O#-6"53%*4%*<,>9#?,%E
9%*<&)5#=#5%*Kg)5,(0#&%E*96*M,#(*4%'*I6&(/&%'*Z#"6,g*%(*96*B)&)-0"#%*4%'*M)]6(#0"'*k*q
"0(0"'*%"50&%*j*96*'%=(%->&6#'0"*4,*2&0,*I#6-*k*[OS7SE*=S*@1^S
dP*1()%-&52/1(%-&'%&-*B$%&5E5#)2*$
a,6"(*f*96*-)(6=30&%*C6&&/?,%*4,*j*'6>9%*-)-0&#69*k*=0,&*4)'#]"%&*9%*(%-='*?,#*'d)50,9%E
%99%*(&0,$%*=&%'?,%*)530*46"'*9%*(#(&%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*50--%*%"F0,#'*?,%*"0,'
'0--%'*46"'*,"*'6>9#%&*?,#*'%&6#(*9%*-0"4%*%(*'0,'*,"%*4)F%&96"(%*50"'(6"(%*4%*-#",(%'
%(*4%*'%50"4%'S*+dr,$&%*'d6==6&%"(%*f*,"%*90"],%*=96#"(%*C0>#%""%*%(*9#(6"#?,%*64&%'')%
6,*(%-='*D*e=0,&?,0#*=6''%'H(,*he*"0,'*=6&6w(*-l-%*,"%*?,%'(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*?,%*9%*=%(#(
<&#"5%*=0,&&6#(*=0'%&*q*$0#&%*D*=0,&?,0#*"0,'*(,%'H(,*h*a,%9*%'(*5%(*6-0,&*h
@@W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
+%*5s()*4#&%5(*4%*96*?,%'(#0"*6,*(%-='*=0,&&6*'%*&%(&0,$%&*46"'*9%*5s()*4#&%5(*4%*'6
&)=0"'%*D*j*?,%99%*3%,&%*%'(H/*h*2&0#'*?,6&('*4%*(&0=*&)=0"4#(*4,*'6>9%*k*[`SaSE*=S*Q@^S*8#*9%
(%-='*6*96*=6&09%E*5d%'(*?,%*9%*(%-='E*5d%'(*9d30--%E*%(*#9*%'(*40"5*"0&-69*?,%*9%*'6>9%E*%"
(6"(*?,%*-)(6=30&%*3/=%&H0=)&6(0#&%*4,*(%-='*?,#*=6''%*%"*-l-%*(%-='*?,%*9d30--%*?,#
=6''%*6,''#*[f*9d6'*%(\0,*f*96*(&6==%Ê*6#(*,"*=%,*4&0#(*6,*536=#(&%S*O%*-l-%E*?,6"4*j*9d30--%
f*'059%*=0,&*'6>9#%&*k*&%'=#&%E*0"*%"(%"4*4%46"'*j*=9,'*,"%*=6&09%*-6#'*4%'*56#990,g*k*[OS7SE
=S*1XX^*c*0&*5%'*56#990,g*q*?,#*F0"(*9%*5#-%"(*4%*9dl(&%*q*'d)&04%"(E*'%*536"]%"(*%"*]&6$#%&E*%"
]&6$#990"*=0,&*F#"#&*'6>9%E*=0,''#.&%*=,#'*")6"(*D*5d%'(*4,*-)-0&#69*%"*=,#''6"5%S
+6*-)(6=30&%*4,*'6>9%*%(*4,*'6>9#%&*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#
=,#'?,dj,"*=%,*4%*"0(&%*536#&*k*/*j*(0->%*46"'*,"*6>/-%*%g5&)-%"(#%9*k*%(*?,%*"0,'*/
%"(%"4&0"'*9%'*"0->&%'*j*|536"(%&}*%"*56(6'(&0=3%*9%*$%&>%*50-=(%&*k*f*96*=6]%*@X@*c*4%
-l-%E*=6]%*@UXE*0"*"0,'*6""0"5%*,"*'=%5(659%*#"(#(,9)*j*+6-%"(6(#0"'*f*4,*'6>9%*k*D*46"'
(0,(%'*5%'*-)(6=30&%'*)(&6"]%'E*9%*(%-='*'%->9%*9#)*f*,"%*F0&-%*4%*(&#'(%''%*-0&>#4%S
:&%FE*50--%*9d#"$%"(%,&*4%*96*j*2%-=0-0>#9%*k*[#"'=#&)%E*#9*9d6*4#(E*=6&*‚%99'Ê*#9*'%->9%
?,%* 5%9,#* 4%* 96* j* M)5&0-0>#9%* k* [#"'=#&)%* =6&* G6&&/* h^* 6#(* ,"%* =%&5%=(#0"* '#"],9#.&%* 4,
(%-='*?,#*=6''%*c*=0,&*9,#E*9%*(%-='*%'(*56(6'(&0=3#?,%*[F0&5)-%"(*56(6'(&0=3#?,%Ê*9,#*?,#
"%*'d)50,9%*=6'*-6#'*j*'d)5&0,9%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1VW^*9#(()&69%-%"(*50--%*"0,'E*50"(&%*"0,'E
=0,&*"0,'*%(*%"*"0,'S*+6*'(&,5(,&%*=6'')H=&)'%"(HF,(,&*%'(*#5#*50--%*,"%*56'564%*0>9#])%
'd6==6&%"(6"(*f*4d#-=#(0/6>9%'*53,(%'*4,*M#6]6&6*D*6,5,"%*=0''#>#9#()*4d699%&*9fH50"(&%*q*%(
5d%'(*C,'(%-%"(*5%96*?,#*%'(*50-#?,%*%(*>%5n%((#%"*D*#9*F6,(*/*=6''%&S
+6*5&#(#?,%*4,*(%-='*?,#*=6''%
O%'*]&6#"%'*4%*40,(%*'%&0"(*=0,&(6"(*'%-)%'*bf*%(*9f*c*6#"'#E*j*6,Cd3#%&*k*%(*j*C64)*k
'%->9%"(*#"4#?,%&*50--%*,"%*=0''#>#9#()*4d6$0#&*%"*-l-%*(%-='*,"*=#%4*46"'*9%*=6'')
%(*,"*46"'*9%*=&)'%"(*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*7,C0,&*4d3#%&*k*[`SaSE*=S*U@^S*7*96*?,%'(#0"*e+%*=6'')
]#]0(%H(H#9*%"50&%*heE*9d6,(%,&*=0,&&6#(*&)=0"4&%*=6&*9d6FF#&-6(#$%*q*?,6"(*6,*F,(,&E*"d%'(H#9*=6'
4)Cf*96'*h*Bd%'(*5%*?,%*9d0"*6,&6#(*=&%'?,%*%"$#%*4d6C0,(%&S
;,(&%*j*6,Cd3#%&*kE*j*R5#*%(*C64#'*kE*j*6,C0,&4d3#%&*k*%(*j*C64)*k*[,"*6,(&%*6,(%,&*6*=,*=%"'%&
f*j*40&)"6=&.'*kÊ*#9*/*6,&6*4,*F90,*6&(#'(#?,%*46"'*96*-6"#.&%*4%*=6&9%&*4,*(%-='*c*0"*4#&6
)$6'#$%-%"(*j*f*9dp]%*4%*$#%,g*k*[`SaSE*=S*WUÊ*0"*=6&9%&6*4%'*j*C%,"%'*$#%,g*k*%(*4,*(%-='*0o
0"*)(6#(*$#%,gE*0"*-)96"]%&6*9%*'=6(#69*%(*9%*(%-=0&%9*46"'*j*!"*5%&(6#"*"0->&%*4d6"")%'*=9,'
90#"*k*[GS8SE*=S*TQ^*%(*j*+d%"4%-6#"*kE*j*',&9%"4%*k*[`SaSE*=S*V@Ê*j*+%*',&9%"4%-6#"*4%*-6(#"%
4,*'0#&*k*[`SaSE*=S*LV^*0,*j*96*',&96#"4%*4,*',&9%"4%-#"#%"4&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1UT^*50&&%'=0"4%"(
=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%*f*4%*"0,$%99%'*-0469#()'*4,*(%-='*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*9%*>96"4%99%-6#"*4%*5%'
-65(#0"'k*[BSJSE*=S*WALÊ*j*90#"(6#"H9%"4%-6#"H-6(#"H'0,46#"*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAQÊ*j*',&5,9%H
5&)=,'5,96"(* k* [BSJSE* =S* 1T@Ê* j* 5&)=,'5,9)%* k* [OS7SE* =S* @@1^* 0,* -l-%* j* -6#"(%"6"(H9%H
=&)'%"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*WVA^*?,#*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*',=%&H=&)'%"(S*+dK"F6"(*4%'*5%"4&%'E
9,#E*'%*=&)'%"(%*6#"'#*D*j*7*(&%"(%H'#g*6"'*4)=6''6"(E*=6'*-l-%*'0#g6"(E*-0#"'*?,df*'%=(w"(%
%(*>#%"*=9,'*F0,*?,df*$w"(%E*C%*"%*$#'*-0#H-l-%*=9,'*&#%"*%"*-0#*?,d,"%*$#%*=6'')%*46"'*9%
(%-='*4,&6"(*6,*>0,(*4%*96?,%99%*f*96*F#"*4%'*6"'*Cd6$6#'*-l-%*=6'*]&6"4#*4d,"%*(l(%*kS
O%*-l-%*%(*f*9d#"'(6&*4%*F&'/#$/E*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*=%,(*l(&%*$,*50--%*,"
(#(&%H4)F#* 56&* 5%* ?,d0"* %"(%"4E* 46"'* 5%((%* 64&%''%E* 5d%'(* )$%"(,%99%-%"(* `0,'* ?,#* 5&0/%u
6,[g^*(%-='E*`0,'*?,#*l(%'*46"'*9%'*(%-='E*`0,'*?,#*5&0/%u*6,*569%"4&#%&E*`0,'*?,#*'6$%u
50"C,],%&E*`0,'*?,#*"%*C,&%u*?,%*=6&*9%*:%'53%&%99%E*`0,'*?,#*36>#99%u*9%*(%-='*4d0&#=%6,g
3,-6#"'E*`0,'*?,%*9%*(%-='*36>#99%*f*$0(&%*#"',E*`0,'*?,#*l(%'*4%'*J0--%'*4%*805#%(E*`0,'
?,#*l(%'*9%'*6"#-6,g*4,*(%-='E*`0,'*?,#*5&0/%u*f*96*9#")6&#()*4,*(%-='E*`0,'*?,#*l(%'*9%'
%'596$%'*4,*(%-='S*7,(&%*(#(&%*)"#]-6(#?,%E*@&?&#)&'E).0$:&*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*f*&6==&053%&*4%
N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*9%*(%-='*=0,$6"(*l(&%*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*6''#-#9)*f*,"%*4%-%,&%
@@X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
F&6]#9%*-l-%*'#*5%((%*"0(#0"*'d6==9#?,%*)]69%-%"(*f*96*=6&09%*%(*6,*50&='*D*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E
5%*'0"(*=&%'?,%*4%'*(#(&%'*&%40"46"('S*`0,'*?,#*36>#(%u**96*4%-%,&%*F&6]#9%*4,*(%-='*D*$0#9f
=%,(Hl(&%*5%*?,d#9*F6,(*50-=&%"4&%*[9d6,(%,&*%''6/6"(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*4%*"0,'*F6#&%*=%&5%$0#&*%"
?,0#*50"'#'(%E*'%90"*9,#E*5%((%*F&6]#9#()*4,*(%-='^S
K"F#"E*46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*&656#99%*3%>40-646#&%*k[OS7SE*=S*1XXÊ*#9*/*6*50--%*,"*-)=&#'
4%*96*>l(%*'%-6#"%*3,-6#"%*?,d0"*=%,(*&%F,'%&*%"*#"$%"(6"(*=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(E*50--%
9d6,(%,&*'d/*%-=90#%E*4d6,(&%'*"0-'*=0,&*?,69#F#%&*"0'*j*'69%'*C0,&")%'*4d#5#*k*q*4%*-l-%E*9%
B099.]%*0==0'%*j*.&%*$,9]6#&%*k*%(*j*.&%*=6(6=3/'#?,%*k*[G6&&/E*#5#E*&%-=96b6"(*G)','^S*K(
?,%*4#&%*4%*9d#-=9#5#(%*<&/*+&)&::&*M0$6&#"#%"*'#"0"*?,%*5d%'(*%"50&%*,"*&%F,'*=6(3)(#?,%*%(
=6(6=3/'#?,%*4%*5%96*?,%*9d0"*"%*=%,(*'(0==%&SSS*+%*-04%*0=(#0""%9*%(*9%*-04%*#"65(#F*[5FS
`SaS*c*=S*@V^*#"56&"%"(*,"*=%,*5%*&%F,'*D*0"*=%,(*"#%&*9%*(%-='E*&%F,'%&*4%*C0,%&*9%*C%,*4,
(%-='*%(*"%*=6'*9d36>#(%&*50-=9.(%-%"(E*(0,(*50--%*G6&&/*%(*M0$6&#"6*q*6''05#0"'H9%,&*,"
6,(&%*6,(%,&*?,#*'d%'(*9,#H6,''#*0==0')*f*5%((%*F9.53%\F6,g*#-=#(0/6>9%*D*f*96*?,%'(#0"*j*B36(E
=0,&?,0#*)5&#'H(,*h*kE*P6((#*&)=0"4#(*%"*%FF%(*j*Gd)5&#'*=0,&*536"]%&*9%*=6'')*kS
K&LW)/+"./(O>+,#%&:*A.'+:+%::%
C2&0g(&5#/&()#1&-*/-&-#24
+6*F#],&%*=0(653#?,%*"0$6&#"#%""%*F6#(*6,''#E*C6&&/?,%-%"(E*4%'*>96],%'*(0,(*f*F6#(*-0&>#4%'*D
9%*56",96&*4%*96*50&4%*%"*%'(*,"*>0"*%g%-=9%S*O%*-l-%E*5%&(6#"%'*#"'5&#=(#0"'*F,")&6#&%'*'%
=&)'%"(%"(*50--%*4%*$)&#(6>9%'*=6&04#%'*6,*]0z(*=6&F0#'*4#'5,(6>9%*q*5%96*4#(E*#9*"0,'*F6,(
'#]"69%&*,"%*6,(&%*3/=0(3.'%E*=9,'*=6(6=3/'#?,%*c*%"*%FF%(E*5%*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%'*-0&('*?,#
53%&53%"(*f*50--,"#?,%&*6$%5*"0,'*D*5%'*#"'5&#=(#0"'*'%&6#%"(H%99%'*40"5*4%'*>0,(%#99%'*f
96*-%&*h*O%'*-%''6]%'*4,*j*-0"4%*4d0,(&%*=6&(*k*h
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* f* 96* =6]%* 1V* 4,* @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 9d)$%"(,%9* 9%5(%,&* %(* 9%
"6&&6(%,&H50"(%,&*'%*'%"(#&0"(*50-#?,%-%"(*#"(%&=%99)'*46"'*j*20#*?,#*=6''%E*"%*-6&53%
=6'*4%'','*'6"'*'6$0#&*?,#*]w(*'0,'*5%*&%9#%FE*56&*5d%'(*(0#*kS*R5#E*9d#"'5&#=(#0"*-0&(,6#&%*4%$#%"(
=&%'?,%*,"*C%,*6$%5*9%*&%]6&4%,&*D*j*<6''6"(*-%*$0#5#*46"'*9%'*3%&>%'*D*C%*',#'*-0&(%*'6"'
$%&>%*0o*&#%"*#"'5&#&%*k*[=S*@TLÊ*j*<6''%*(0"*53%-#"*'#*(,*"%*'6#'*&#%"*D*(,*F#"#&6'*%"*F0''%
96?,%99%S*k*[=S*@TLÊ*j*;*(0#*4%*-0#E*s(%'H(0#*4%*-0#*?,#*-6&53%*',&*-%'*0'E*"%*-%*&%]6&4%
=6'*4d,"*(&0,*'#*36,(*%(*?,%*'0#%"(*9%'*6"#-6,g*f*(6*=965%*k*[=S*@TL^S
a,d%99%* 'd6==9#?,%* 6,g* j* B3#%"'* k* 0,* 6,g* j* N0-6#"'* kE* 9d)=#(6=3%* '%&6* 40"5
50-#?,%-%"(* =6(6=3/'#?,%* D* j* R5#* &%=0'%* 9d30--%* '6"'* 9%'* 530'%'* D* 20,(* %'(* '6"'
-0#*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TQÊ*j*Bd%'(*#5#*',&*96*(%&&%*?,%*Cd6#*)(6>9#*-#99%*'#"]%&#%'*=0,&*-6'?,%&*-0"
%'=&#(*k*[OS7SE*=S*XQ^S*<6&F0#'E*5d%'(*,"*$)&#(6>9%*&)',-)*50-#?,%*4%*$#%*?,#*'%&6*#"'5&#(*',&
96*4699%*D*j*7*=%#"%*=965)*f*4%,g*=#%4'*',&*'0"*]90>%E*#9*F0,&536*%(*590536*%(*(0->6E*%(*4,(
'6"'*F#"*F#"#&*4%*$0#&*'d6")6"(#&*%"*9,#*9%*'6"]*?,#*=6&9%*'0,'*'6*=%"')%*kS
R9*/*6,&6*)]69%-%"(*>%6,50,=*4%*$6&#6(#0"'*5056''%'*6,(0,&*4%*96*F0&-,9%*j*B#H]w(*k*D*f
96*=6]%*@TW*D*j*B#H]#'6#(*kE*j*B#*%'(*kE*j*B#H]#'6*k*c*f*96*=6]%*@TL*D*j*B#H]w(*-)#*k*[%(*9%*'90]6"
j*8,#$%u*B#H]w(*k*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*'6"'*0,>9#%&*j*5#H]#&%*k*f*96*=6]%*@1X*4%*4.*>+.$)
(&':5+9??&^*c*-6#'*5%*?,#*',#(*j*B#H]w(*k*'%&6*50-#?,%*6,''#*D*k*5#H]w(E*'6"'*=6#"E*'6"'*=#%4
%(*'6"'*F,(,&E*96*F#],&%*"0#&%*4,*=6,$&%*80,53%(&0"E*96#'')*#5#*(0,(*'%,9*f*9d6>6"40"E*=%"46"(
?,%*9%'*>%6,g*'09%#9'*50,&6"('*)596#&%"(*6#99%,&'*k*[4&'H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+E*"0,$%99%
)4SE*=S*@TÊ*j*B#H]w(*-0"*(&0,*'6"'*'0#F*k*[OS7SE*=S*@TQÊ*j*B#H]w(*9d30--%*?,#*5&%,'6*9fH>6'
'0"*(&0,*(0,(*'%,9*k*[OS7SE*=S*LVÊ*j*5#H])'#''6#(*-6*40,9%,&S*O090&*-%6*3#5*C65%>6(*k*[8SE
==S*LQHLWÊ*j*5#H]w(*-6*C0#%*k*[8SE*=S*LQÊ*j*B#H]w(E*3#5*C65%(E*#5#*#C%*k*[7SRSE*=S*WW^*%(*6C0,(0"'
6>',&4%-%"(*["0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*'(#-,9)'*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'^*B#H]w(*,"*(&#'(%*]#]0(E*7*$0,'
4%*C0,%&E*<6'*-#%,g*%(*:0"*?,df*b6S
@@T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
+6*"6#''6"5%*4,*=%(#(*<3#9#>%&(
7,*(0,(*4)>,(*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*UÊ*0"*"0(%*6,''#*4%'*F0&-,9%'*'d#"'=#&6"(
4%* 5%99%'* ?,d0"* =%,(* 9#&%* ',&* 4%'* =96?,%'* 50--)-0&6(#$%'* [-l-%* 'd#9* /* 6* 9f* 4%'
4)$%90==%-%"('* (0,(* f* F6#(* #"6((%"4,'^* D* j* R5#* (0->6* +0,#'E* #5#* 9,((6* G%6"* :&%FS* R5#* '0,FF&#(
9d%"F6"(*<)",9()&#"S*R5#*=%"'6*9%*&%5(%,&*2)")>&0"S*R5#*C%*-%*=%"4#'*-0#H-l-%*%"*-%*$0/6"(
4d6$#0"S* kS* +%* C%,* '%* =0,&',#$&6* ,"* =%,* 46"'* j* R5#* G%6"* 4d74$#'%* 6$%5* G%6"* 4d74$#'%
'd6550,=96E*'%=(*3,#(*'#g*(&0#'S*k*[=S*@TW^S
7,(&%*56'*4%*F#],&%*[8SE*=S*QQ^*D*9%'*6""0"5%'*F6#(%'*46"'*5%&(6#"'*?,0(#4#%"'*[-6#'*#5#
5056''%-%"(*&%(&6$6#99)%'^*50--%*j*R9*6*=9,*f*O#%,*4%*&6==%9%&*f*+,#*'0"*F69'#F#56(%,&*:%"0w(
I6&53#''6,g*k*j*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*+,#HIl-%*%(*'0"*40,>9%*$0,'*F0"(*=6&(*4%*9%,&*&)'09,(#0"
4%*=6&(#&*=&0536#"%-%"(*4%*5%*-0"4%*'%"'#>9%*k*%(*j*G%6"HM0‡9*$0,'*6""0"5%*'0"*',#5#4%
=0,&*4%-6#"*k*c*%(*=0,&(6"(*96*$#%*&%=&%"4*'%'*4&0#('*6$%5*j*<3#9#==%*%(*G%6"H:6=(#'(%*'0"(
3%,&%,g*4%*$0,'*6""0"5%&*96*"6#''6"5%*4,*=%(#(*<3#9#>%&(*kS
a,6"(*f*9d#"'5&#=(#0"*j*<78*KM`RK*OdKM*<7N+KNE*=,#')%*5%((%*F0#'*46"'*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*XUÊ*%99%*%'(*=&)'%"()%*50--%*9%*j*-%''6]%*)5&#(*k*4d,"*j*-0&(*k*%(*=0,&&6#(
40"5*'d6C0,(%&*6,g*)=#(6=3%'*=&)5)4%--%"(*5#()%'S*20,C0,&'*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'[=S
@XVÊ*0"*&%5/59%&6*[%"*96*&%"46"(*=9,'*50-=9%g%^*,"%*>96],%*5)9.>&%E*j*:69>,9,'*k*F6#'6"(
]&6$%&*',&*'6*(0->%*D*j*7-#'*E*4#'HC%E*'#*$0,'*-d6#-%uE*4#'HC%E*F6#(%'*]&6$%&*',&*-6*(0->%E*4#'H
C%E*5%'*'#g*-0('*D*G%*C%*$0,'*6$6#'*>#%"*4#(*?,%*CdCd)(6#'*$&6#-%"(*-6964%*kE*5%*?,#*'d6==6&%"(%
f*,"%*-#'%*%"*6>/-%*50-=9.(%-%"(*6>',&4%S
O#4#%&*<96''6&4*9%*&%-6&?,6#(*4)Cf*f*=&0=0'*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*46"'*'0"*6&(#59%
XX
j*+6*'5."%*'%*C0,%*6,*=&)'%"(*4d#"(%&=%996(#0"*k E*=6&96"(*4dj#"'5&#=(#0"'*=6&*9%'?,%99%'*9%'
4)F,"('*'d64&%''%"(*f*,"*4%'(#"6(6#&%*40"(*#9'*"%*=%,$%"(*=9,'*%"(%"4&%*96*&)=0"'%*=,#'?,d#9'
"%*'0"(*=9,'*4%*5%*-0"4%*k*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*5%'*-0&('*'0"(*F0,'E*=%,*9,5#4%'*0,
4)'%'=)&)'S*7,(&%*=0''#>#9#()*D*9%*-0&(*%'(*,"*=0(653%E*f*9d#-6]%*4%*5%&(6#"'*%'=&#('*F6&5%,&'
%(*6,(&%'*F6"(s-%'*(0,(*6,''#*F65)(#%,g*[B6'=%&E*%(5S^S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*U1Ê*0"*6,&6*5%(*)=#(6=3%*3)96'*,"*=%,*=&)-0"#(0#&%*D*j*!"
C0,&E*'#*4d6$%"(,&%*C%*-%,&'E*#"'5&#$%u*',&*-6*(0->%*8`<*D*O6"#%9*_"/n*D*<NKB!N8K!N*O!
8!RBROK*OK*+dJ!I7MR2K*kE*9%'*"0(#0"'*4%*-0&(*%(*4d6$%"(,&%*)(6"(*F0&-%99%-%"(*-#'%'
%"* =&)'%"5%E* 5%* ?,d0"* =0,&&6* (&0,$%&* (&0,>96"(* D* 9d6$%"(,&%* 50"(#",%H(H%99%* 6=&.'* h* <0,&
M0$6&#"6E*5d%'(*5%&(6#"*c*4d6#99%,&'E*96*-0&(*"d%'(*-l-%*=6'*$&6#%*4d6>0&4*m*[50--%*4#'%"(
9%'*%"F6"('^*%(*456*7&'$8*988#*%'(*(0,(*&%-=9#*4%*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*O6"#%9*_"/nS
K&L%&<*#/&$%>&<.'"%>&/*>".-%>&%"&.#"'%>&<.:#-.'>&M*'H+$%>
O6"'*5%&(6#"'*=0.-%'*4%'*H$8#7&/'(&'/.=:&'?I?9)$.:E*#9*/*6*5%&(%'*,"*>%'(#6#&%*F6"(6'(#?,%
[3#>0,gE*%(5S^*-6#'*',&(0,(*,"*3,-0,&*"0#&*[?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*>#%"*'z&*46"'*W=#^*f*&6==&053%&
4%*5%9,#*4%*M0$6&#"6*?,#E*(0,(*6,''#*F6&5%,&*?,%*'0"*6w")E*',]].&%*-l-%E*46"'*4.'>+.$)
(&':5+9??&*[=S*@U1Ê*,"%*'0&(%*4%*56",96&*f*56&65(.&%*-0&>#4%*$0#&%*-656>&%E*96*?,%'(#0"
j*O0#'HC%*-%*=%"4&%*0,*=6'*h*k*)(6"(*=0')%E*',&*56&(%*=0'(69%E*f*j*ULU*50&&%'=0"46"('
&%9%$)'*46"'*9d6"",6#&%*=0,&*6$0#&*=0&()*9%*"0-*4%*B0&4%*0,*+6*50&4%S*kS*M0(0"'*?,%*5%5#
=0,&&6#(*4d6#99%,&'*6$0#&*,"%*$%&'#0"*()9)=30"#?,%*D*#9*'d6]#&6#(*4%*()9)=30"%&*6,g*=%&'0""%'
40"(*9%*"0-*=%,(*)$0?,%&*9d#4)%*4%*50&4%*[$(&?*=0,&*j*B0&4#%&*k^*=0,&*9%,&*4%-6"4%&*'#*9d0"
40#(*'%*=%"4&%*q*6$%5*9%'*"0-'*)$0?,6"(*96*F#5%99%E*9d%FF%(*%'(*-0#"'*&),''#t
Md0,>9#0"'*=6'*?,%*9%*-04.9%*4d!>,*)(6#(*f*9d0&#]#"%*,"*%"'%#]"6"(*[5FS*Z)9#g*J)>%&(E
=&0F%''%,&*4%*=3/'#?,%^*%(*?,%*96*=#.5%*=%,(*l(&%*$,%*50--%*,"%*]#]6"(%'?,%*=0(653%*&#%
XX
**O#4#%&*<96''6&4E**j*+6*'5."%*'%*C0,%*6,*=&)'%"(*4d#"(%&=%996(#0"*kE*4.';9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*TWS
@@U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4d)9.$%['^S*;&E*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*1@@^*%(*',&*9%*=&#"5#=%*4,*j*'653%u
?,%* 5%9,#* ?,#* )5&#$#(* 5%5#* "d6* &#%"* f* 4#&%* -6#'* $0,'* %--%&4%* k* q* -04#F#)* %(* 640,5#* 46"'
9d%"&%]#'(&%-%"(*4d7"4&)*I6&50"*0o*9%*$%&>%*F#"69*%'(*&%-=965)*[j*-6#'*$0,'*9d&)=.(%*k^*qE*0"
(&0,$%&6E*5%5#*',&*j*=96"53%*#"()&#%,&%*kE*4%'*#"'5&#=(#0"'*4d*)9.$%'*=0(653%'*50--,"#?,6"(
4%*-6"#.&%*-0?,%,'%*[-6#'E*$8'E$8&*(&6]#?,%^*D
1. « Si tu te mettais à surveiller chaque seconde, au bout de peu, t’en serais fou
à million. » (cf. « Le Lorrain) 2. « Que le bouillon te tombe dessus, te lave la
tête, vilain Lorrain » Signe Béhémoth du Belzébuth. » (Calineau) 3. « Belle pute
à zob » (« Le Lorrain », au canif. 4. « Deux couillons cul à cul se renvoyant la
balle » (« instituteur à Méximieux ») 5. « Le second des sculpteurs est décédé
d’une balle au front. » (Calineau »).
:#%"*'z&*0"*=%,(*&#&%*-6#'*96*-0&(E*?,d0"*9%*'653%E*"d%'(*C6-6#'*$&6#-%"(*90#"S
K&\%&-W.'"&$W)<'.>%'&-%>&/.>>.:">
B0--%*46"'*W=#E*?,#*%'(*6,''#*,"%*=#.5%*=6&04#6"(*%"*=6&(#%*9%'*4&6-%'*4%*836n%'=%6&%E
96*=0''#>#9#()*4%*96*-0&(*%(*4,*-%,&(&%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*(&.'*90#"*c*=0,&(6"(E*50"(&6#&%-%"(*6,*(/&6"
#"$%"()*%"*=6&(#%*=6&*G6&&/E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*F0&5)-%"(*9%*-69E*96*F09#%*0,*9d#"50"'5#%"5%*?,#
=&)'#4%"(*6,*5&#-%*[$0#&%*6,*j*5&#-6]%*kE*50--%*4#&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*9d6,(%,&^*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%E
46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*XXÊ*,"%*#"F#&-#.&%*=%,*40,)%*%(*9%*'6536"(*0,*'d%g5,'6"(*=6&
6$6"5%*=0,&*,"%*F6,(%*=&0F%''#0""%99%*4#FF#5#9%-%"(*)$#(6>9%*[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"
/&)$.:2Z$::&)*%"*>90,'%*>96"53%^*4)596&%*'6"'*6->6]%'*f*'0"*=6(#%"(*D*j*G%*$0,'*=&)$#%"'E
Cd%"*6#*6''6''#")*=9,'*4d,"*kS
K"*F6#(E*46"'*W=#E*0"*(,%*(&.'*F65#9%-%"(*%(*'6"'*&%-0&4'*6,5,"E*96*j*-0&69%*k*"d%g#'(6"(
=6'*c*0&E*5d%'(*6,''#*9%*56'*46"'*96*B36"'0"*6,(0-0>#9%*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[==S*XAHX@^
0o*,"*j*F0,*4,*$096"(*k*'d%"*40""%*f*5r,&*C0#%*D*j*8#*C%*"%*'6#'*=6'*?,dF6#&%E*Cd655)9.&%*\*;,
690&'*Cd-%*96"5%*m*50"(&%*,"%*6->,96"5%*m*\*;,*46"'*,"*56-#0"*\*O0"(*Cd&%=%#"'*9%*=96F0"4*m
|t}*\*7$%5*-6*=d(#(%*<%,]%0(E*?,d%'(*=6'*,"*56]%0(*\*;,#*$&6#-%"(*m*Cd)5&6'%*9%'*=6''6"('*m*\*7
536?,%*(0,&"6"(*m*k*c*=9,'*90#"E*f*96*=6]%*XQE*9d,9(#-%*F6#(*4d6&-%'*4%*5%*46"]%&*=,>9#5*'%&6*4%
j*|&%-=9#&}*9%'*=0,>%99%'*k*4%*j*5/59#'(%'*f*(&0((#"%((%'*kS*:&%FE*0"*&)69#'%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*4d,"%
536"'0"*'#*%g5%''#$%E*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*(%&&#F#6"(%*%(*4&s9%E*)$09,%*46"'*,"*,"#$%&'*0oE*50--%
=0,&*!>,E*F6#&%*9%*-69*[%"*j*5&#-6"(*k*%(*%"*j*|)5&6'6"(}*9%'*=6''6"('*k^*=%,(*l(&%*50"'#4)&)
50--%*"0&-69*q*%(*-l-%E*'%->9%H(H#9E*(0,(*f*F6#(*4#'(&6/6"(S
20,C0,&'*46"'*5%((%*536"'0"*%(*f*9d#-6]%*4%*5%&(6#"'*6&(#59%'*'6"'*=#(#)*4%*4.'>+.8(&::&
;&)7&E*9d6,(%,&E*6=&.'*6$0#&*96"5)*?,%*j*+%#>"#uE*5d%'(*4d96*=6"64%*mkE*'%*-0?,%&6*%"*=6''6"(
4%*'%'*50"(%-=0&6#"'*D*6=&.'*6$0#&*F6#(*699)]%6"5%*f*,"%*6,(&%*=0#"(,&%*4%*96*=3#90'0=3#%
[j* <,#'* CdF0"5%* 46"'* M#%(u'53%E* f* (0,(%* :%&'#53(* \* Gd-%* 4#'* D* j* I6* =0--%* \* Bd%'(* ,"
',&30--%*m*kÊ*0"*(&0,$%&6*9%*&%=0'*5)&)>&69*D*j*<,#'*C%*(0->%*46"'*B0-(%H8=0"$#99%H%*\
B6*5d%'(*(&6"?,#99%H%*\*Gd>0,FF%*4d96*>6"69#()*%"*&%=0'6"(*',&*-%'*=#%4'*m*k*=0,&*F#"69%-%"(
&%F,'%&*,"*50"F0&(*#"(%99%5(,%9*?,#*=0,&&6#(*'d6$)&%&*")F6'(%*%(*F,"%'(%*D*j*I6#'*Cd&%=6&'*m*%(
'6"'*F&%#"*m*k*[=SX1^S*B%((%*536"'0"*"d%'(*=6'*,"#?,%*%"*'0"*]%"&%*D*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.
;$&*=6&*%g%-=9%E*+d7"#-69*B&6(#?,%*4)596&%*j*G%*',#'*50--%*$0,'*D*'#*C%*"%*50--%('*=6'
,"*5&#-%*=6&*C0,&E*C%*"%*-%*'%"'*=6'*4d6((6?,%*k*[=S*TL^S
B%*?,#*%'(*>#u6&&%E*50-#?,%*%(*(&0,>96"(E*5d%'(*?,d0"*"%*'%*=0'%*-l-%*=9,'*96*?,%'(#0"
4,*>#%"*%(*4,*-69*[5d%'(*50--%*,"*(3.-%*?,d0"*%"$%&&6#(*>6964%&Ê*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*F6#'6"(
=&%'?,%*&)69#'%&*?,%*5%*59#$6]%E*'6"'*l(&%*#"%g#'(6"(*46"'*96*&)69#()E*%'(*50--%*,"*F&%#"*f
96*5&)6(#0"S*O%*-l-%E*9%*59#$6]%*30--%\F%--%E*'#*9d0"*'d6((6&4%*4%'','*46"'*4&'F.)($8
(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"%*?,%'(#0"*#"()&%''6"(%S*R5#E*(%9
@@L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
P,/0(6(E*M0$6&#"6*%'(*50-=9.(%-%"(*4)569)*=6&*&6==0&(*f*,"%*5%&(6#"%*(9A.*65(,%99%*?,#*=6&(
4%*96*?,%'(#0"*4%'*59#$6]%'E*%g#'(6"('*0,*=6'*[5d%'(*(0,(%*96*?,%'(#0"Ê*=0,&*>p(#&*,"%*=%"')%S
B%((%*4)'#"$09(,&%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*?,#*&%$#%"(*46"'*9d6==&053%*?,d#9*6*4%*96*-0&(*%(*4%*96*$#%*0,
4%*9dl(&%*%(*4,*"0"Hl(&%*[5%*"d%'(*=9,'*96*?,%'(#0"Ê*6*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*50-#?,%*%(*4d%"F6"(#"
-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*["0,'*9%*=%"'0"'^*,"%*6==&053%*$#'#0""6#&%*%(*&)$09,(#0""6#&%E
6,*-0#"'*',&*9%*=96"*6&(#'(#?,%S
<0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*f*96*?,%'(#0"*4%*9d3,-0,&*"0#&E*"0,'*4#&0"'*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*%"*F6#(*=6&9%&
[%(*-l-%*=&)'%"(%&*,"%*(3.'%*',&*5%*',C%(H9f^*4d,"*=0(653#'-%*F&0#4*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[0,
4d,"*=0(653#'-%*f*F&0#4^*40"(*0"*$0#(*F#"69%-%"(*6''%u*=%,*4d%g%-=9%E*30&-#'*G6&&/*>#%"*'z&
[$0#&%*:%5n%((E*P3%94%&04%E*O%'"0'E*20=0&*%(*a,%"%6,^*46"'*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%S
UK&Z2'E$2(E&D&787
UKOK&C%1Q&312&5%)')%/(
`69.&%* M0$6&#"6E* G%6"H+,5* 8(%#"-%(uE* B3&#'(#6"* <&#]%"(E* G%6"H<#%&&%* `%&3%]]%"* %(* >#%"
4d6,(&%'*0"(*)5&#(*46"'*,"%*&%$,%E*L1LE*?,#*6*F6#(*>0,]%&*9%'*9#]"%'*4%*F6b0"*50"'#4)&6>9%*c
]&6"4%*=965%*6550&4)%*f*9d3,-0,&*[,"*3,-0,&*=0(653%*%(*'0=3#'(#?,)E*C6&&/?,%*%"*4#6>9%
%(*e$#096"],%-%"(e*4)-/'(#F#56(%,&^*%(*f*9d)&,4#(#0"E*&%(0,&*6,g*F0"46-%"(6,g*&6>%96#'#%"'E
C%,*6$%5*96*>l(#'%*%(*4%'*',C%('*=%,*"0>9%'*50--%*96*'56(090]#%E*$090"()*4d6''05#%&*5%*?,#*.
%)$9)$*"%*=%,(*=6'*9dl(&%*f*56,'%*4,*>0"*]0z(*%(\0,*4d,"%*j*6'=3/g#6"(%*5,9(,&%*k*?,d#9*'d6]#(
4%* &%-%((&%* %"* ?,%'(#0"E* 6((653%-%"(* f* 96* &3)(0&#?,%* %(* f* 5%&(6#"'* 6'=%5('* 4%* 96* 5,9(,&%
596''#?,%*?,d0"*"%*&%F,'%*C6-6#'*50-=9.(%-%"(E*-#'%*f*9d30""%,&*4d6,(%,&'*#"596''6>9%'
50--%*7&(6,4E*a,%"%6,E*:6(6#99%E*864%*0,*:,&&0,]3'*D*(%9'*)(6#%"(*9%'*#"]&)4#%"('*[#9*/*%"
6$6#(*>#%"*4d6,(&%'^*4%'*=96('*9#(()&6#&%'*?,d6$%5*=6''#0"*#9'*50"505(6#%"(*690&'t
;"*$0#(*?,%*M0$6&#"6E*?,#*6*F6#(*,"*(%-='*=6&(#%*4%*9d6$%"(,&%E*"d6*=6'*&%(0,&")*'6*$%'(%*D
#9*'%->9%*%"*%FF%(*l(&%*&%'()*F#4.9%*f*,"%*'0&(%*4d%'=&#(*L1LE*?,%*'0"*56-6&64%*`%&3%]]%"
"d6*=6'*"0"*=9,'*&%"#)t
UKRK&?/&4)7)%&'P*)5%-&'%&L%*/XJ2%))%&6%)<%00%/
Il-%*'d#9*"%*>0g%*=6'*46"'*96*-l-%*56()]0&#%*6&(#'(#?,%*?,%*9%*&%40,(6>9%*K"(6&(%,&*q*69#6'
+%*P90,=#%&*[f*96*&3)(0&#?,%*")6"-0#"'*'6$0,&%,'%E*&04)%*%(*>#%"*%"*=965%^*qE*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9
96"5%*9,#H6,''#E*M0$6&#"6E*4%*$)&#(6>9%'*(6&(%'*f*96*5&.-%E*'/->09#?,%'*5%99%'H9fE*(3)p(&69%'E
9#(()&6#&%'E*f*96*F65%*4%*5%&(6#"%'*#"'(#(,(#0"'*%"*=965%E*5%5#*['6"'*40,(%*%"*=6&(#%*=6&*69(&,#'-%
%(*6]65%-%"(^*=0,&*4)"0"5%&*6$%5*F0&5%*%(*$#09%"5%*4%'*&)69#()'*%FF%5(#$%-%"(*4%*=9,'*%"
=9,'*#"',==0&(6>9%'*[],%&&%'*6>',&4%'E*#"F0H'=%5(659%E*69#)"6(#0"*=6&*9%*(&6$6#9E*(&#0-=3%*4%
:0,50(E*4&,5n%&#'6(#0"*4%*9d%'=&#(E*%(5SÊ*',&(0,(*%"*5%*4)>,(*4%*(&0#'#.-%*-#99)"6#&%S*Bd%'(
5%*?,#*"0,'*F6#(*=%"'%&*?,%E*-69]&)*9d6,'()&#()*(0,(%*&%96(#$%*4%*5%&(6#"%'*=#.5%'*[F&'/#$/E
"0(6--%"(Ê*M0$6&#"6*%'(*6,*F0"4*E*50--%*G6&&/E*,"*=0(653%*%(*,"*F6&5%,&S*O%*F6#(E*#9*/*6E
53%u*9%'*4%,g*)5&#$6#"'*[6''05#0"'H9%,&*I6&5%9*O,536-=^*,"%*5%&(6#"%*'0=3#'(#56(#0"E*,"
5%&(6#"*&6FF#"%-%"(*-6#'*6996"(*(0,C0,&'*4%*=6#&*6$%5*4%'*)9)-%"('*F6&5%'?,%'*D*%"(&%*9%*36,(
[h^* %(* 9%* >6'* [hÊ* #9'* '6$%"(* #"'(6,&%&* ,"* F90,* 6&(#'(#?,%* 4d%''%"5%* (&.'* =6(6=3/'#?,%E* ,"%
50"F,'#0"*F0"46-%"(69%S*O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*9d)&,4#(#0"*4%*M0$6&#"6*"d%-=l53%
=6'*?,d0"*=,#''%*9%*50"'#4)&%&*50--%*,"*6&(#'(%*4d6&(*>&,(*q*$(&?*=0,&*O,>,FF%(*[=6&*6#99%,&'
-%->&%* 4,* B099.]%* 4%* <6(6=3/'#?,%^S* B%* (/=%* 4%* 4,69#()* [5FS* 6&(* >,(* \* '6$0#&* 9#$&%'?,%^
'd6==9#?,%*40"5*f*5%*?,%*9d0"*=0,&&6#(*6==%9%&*96*F6&5%*0,*9%*>,&9%'?,%*%(*96*'0=3#'(#56(#0"
96* =9,'* %g(&l-%* D* I6&5%9* O,536-=* q* 40"(* 0"* 4#(* ?,d#9* '%&6#(* -0&(* 4%* &#&%* 46"'* '0"* 9#(* %"
9#'6"(*4,*79=30"'%*7996#'*[-6#'*9%*c.).7+9#/7).*F#],&6#(*)]69%-%"(*',&*'6*(6>9%*4%*53%$%(^*q
@@V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
F,(*9d%g%-=9%*$#$6"(*4%*5%((%*6953#-#%E*?,#*'%&6#(*40"5*(0,(*f*F6#(*=0''#>9%E*%"(&%*3,-0,&*%(
#"(%99#]%"5%E*4)&#'#0"*%(*&6FF#"%-%"(S
!"*=%,*46"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*#9*'%*(&0,$%*?,%*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"E*6"5#%"
4%*2i2*%(*=,>9#)*50--%*M0$6&#"6*%"*<0)'#%HP699#-6&4*[%(*f*=%,*=&.'*%"*-l-%*(%-='Ê*6
&)4#])*,"*$)&#(6>9%*%''6#E*(0,(*f*F6#(*')&#%,gE*&%5%$6>9%*#"(%99%5(,%99%-%"(*%(*(&.'*405,-%"()
[(&6$6#9*4%*F0"4E*5#(6(#0"'E*&)F)&%"5%'*9#$&%'?,%'E*%(5S^*',&*7"(0"#"*7&(6,4*46"'*9%?,%9*#9*"0,'
#"5#(%*f*(&0,$%&*"0(&%*$0#g*%(*f*&%F,'%&*,"%*5%&(6#"%*69#)"6(#0"*'05#0H$%&>69%E*5%*?,#*%'(*,"
50->6(* )]69%-%"(* "0$6&#"#%"* ["0,'* /* &%$#%"4&0"'^S* ;&E* 5%(* %''6#* f* =6&(* %"(#.&%* 'd#"(#(,9%
#50"0596'(%-%"(*6)7.#('Q$?=#)*%(*9%*'(/9%*,(#9#')*"d%'(*=6'*'6"'*&6==%9%&*=6&*-0-%"('*5%9,#
4d,"*86"*7"(0"#0*?,#*6,&6#(*530#'#*96*=0)'#%*D*%"50&%*,"*%g%-=9%*(%"46"(*f*=&0,$%&*?,%
F6&5%*%(*5,9(,&%*=%,$%"(*F6#&%*>0"*-)"6]%t
K"* F6#(E* %(* =6&40"* =0,&* (6"(* 4%* ',>C%5(#$#()* 4)=965)%E* 9%* -#&9#(0"#'-%* 6'',-)* 4%* 5%
Z6'(6FF* >%9]%* 56=6>9%* 4d)5&#&%* #"4#FF)&%--%"(* ',&* 7&(6,4* 0,* ',&* +%* P90,=#%&* [',&"0--)
**j*P04#"*4%'*>0#'*k*46"'*,"*(%g(%*=9,'*&)5%"(^*"0,'*=6&6w(*-l-%*=6&*-0-%"('E*%"*(%&-%
4d6,(3%"(#5#()E*4d)-0(#0"*%(*4d#"(%"'#()*[$0#&%*4%*4)'%'=0#&*%(*4d6"]0#''%*(&6]#?,%*F65%*f*96
-0&(^*&%9%$%&*4%*96*=9,'*36,(%*=0)'#%*c*6FF#&-0"'H9%*D*#9*/*6*4,*`%&3%]]%"*53%u*M0$6&#"6*q
%(*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*%"*-6(#.&%*4%*50-#?,%*%(*4%*=0(653#()S*I6#'*5%''0"'*40"5*4d)(6>9#&*4%'
50&&%'=0"46"5%'*6$%5*4d6,(&%'*F6&5%,&'*#99,'(&%'*%(*(p530"'*4d)(,4#%&*f*=&)'%"(*96*'=)5#F#5#()
4%*9dk*0&#99%*k*"0$6&#"#%""%*%(*4%*5%*(/=%*4%*")090]#'-%'*'#*=6&(#5,9#%&'*F0&-)'*["0,'*'%->9%H
(H#9^*f*=6&(#&*4%*96*(%53"#?,%*4#(%*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"S
I6K&,%-&52)*"$%-&'%&$*&-1::)%--2#/X*'N#/"(2#/
OK&,%&[&:)#"E'E&\&'%&]*=5#/'&]#1--%$
OKOK&j1::)%--2#/.&*'N#/"(2#/&%(&-1::)%--2#/X*'N#/"(2#/
2%53"#?,%-%"(* %(* '#* 9d0"* '%* &)F.&%* f* 96* Q+I79)$"#&' 0I8I).:&' 4,' V)9#%&' pE* #9* F6,4&6#(
4)Cf* '6$0#&* 4#'(#"],%&* %"(&%* 96* ',==&%''#0"E* 9d64C0"5(#0"* %(* 96* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"* c* 96
',==&%''#0"*%'(*6''#-#9))*f*9d6=3)&.'%*%(*f*9d6=050=%*(6"4#'*?,%*9d64C0"5(#0"*50"5%&"%*(0,'
9%'*(/=%'*4%*=&0'(3.'%'*%(*4%*=&)F#g6(#0"E*'6"'*0,>9#%&*9%*-0(H$69#'%*=&)5)4%--%"(*)(,4#)S
a,6"(* f* 96* -04#F#56(#0"* #-=9#?,)%* =6&* 96* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"E* #9* "0,'* %"* %'(* 4#(E* 46"'
9d0,$&6]%*#"4#?,)E*?,d%99%*j*=%,(*4d6>0&4*=0&(%&*',&*5%&(6#"'*(&6#('*4#'(#"5(#F'*k*D
Cela nous fournit quelques exemples tels ce « cintième » étage courant dans la
parlure vulgaire où le caractère guttural de l’occlusive a été remplacé par une
dentalité, ou encore, le phénomène de dissimilation, que l’on peut observer
dans collidor ou célébral. Au lieu de concerner un trait distinctif unique, la
suppression-adjonction peut porter sur plusieurs phèmes et de là, sur plusieurs
phonèmes à l’intérieur du mot. C’est par ce biais que nous obtenons l’oneille
du père Ubu et le vuvurrer de Zazie, et bien des faits appartenant au langage
56
enfançon.
;&E*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*"0$6&#"#%"E*0"*"%*j*40""%*=6'*46"'*9%*=#6"0*k*50--%*53%u*Z%/4%6,*%(
0"*"%*5&0#'%*=6'*4%*j*>0,(0"*f*5#"?*=6((%'*k*50--%*53%u*N0,''%9*-6#'E*4%*F6#(*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%
56
&i'*#/%&k?&V()"*'+,#%&Q):)'.-%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&3TF
@1A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%"*=6&(#%*#"'=#&)*=6&*5%*4%&"#%&Ê*M0$6&#"6*,(#9#'%*$090"(#%&'*5%((%*F#],&%*4%*'(/9%*q*f*-0#"'
?,%*5%*"%*'0#(*5%((%*F#],&%*?,#E*(%99%*,"%*-,'%E*$#%""%*$#'#(%&*9%*=0.(%t
R9*'%->9%*5%=%"46"(*?,%E*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*9d6,(%,&*4%*>9??&87'q5.$'I*)$7'*&)7.$8/'(&'?&/
:$;)&/E*#9*"%*'d%"*'%&$%*=6'*$&6#-%"(*=0,&*'(&,5(,&%&*9%'*'#%"'S*<#%&&%*:6u6"(6/*6*F#"%-%"(
6"69/')*9%'*=&05)4,&%'*&0,''%99#%""%'*%"*-%((6"(*%"*6$6"(*9d#4)%*4%*j*=&05)4)*k*D*f*=6&(#&
4%* 96* =3&6'%* j* +%'* 9%((&%'* 4,* >96"5* ',&* 9%'* >6"4%'* 4,* $#%,g* >#996&4* k* kE* 0"* 6>0,(#(* f* 96
=3&6'%*j*+%'*9%((&%'*4,*>96"5*',&*9%'*>6"4%'*4,*$#%,g*=#996&4*kE*=3&6'%'*6,(0,&*4%'?,%99%'
'%*50"'(&,#(*(0,(*,"*&)5#(*[9%'*0,9#=#%"'*0"(*4d6#99%,&'*&%=&#'*5%((%*50"(&6#"(%*%(*'d%"*'%&$%"(
$090"(#%&'^S
O6"'*-9#)'#8'89#;&.#')9?.8E*N0>>%HP&#99%(E*6,(&%*]&6"4*50""6#''%,&*4%*N0,''%9*"0,'
%g=9#?,%*D
[…] il faut insister sur l’importance que Roussel attache à cette très légère
modification de son séparant les deux phrases-clefs, sans parler de la
modification générale de sens. Le récit a opéré sous nos yeux, d’une part un
changement profond de ce que signifie le monde – et le langage –, d’autre part un
infime décalage superficiel (la lettre altérée) ; le texte « se mord la queue », mais
57
avec une petite irrégularité, une petite entorse… et qui change tout.
:#%"*?,d%99%*'0#(*,(#9#')%*4#FF)&%--%"(*%(*?,%*96*=,"#(#0"*50-#?,%*4%*j*9d36>#(*4%*>#996&4*k*4,
<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[==S*1UWH1UX^*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9d30-0=30"#%*>#996&4\=#996&4E
96* F#],&%*4%*'(/9%*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*&%-=965%&*,"%* 9%((&%* =6&* ,"%* 6,(&%* f* 9d#"()&#%,&* 4d,"* -0(
055,=%*6,''#*,"%*=965%*4%*530#gE*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*5%"(&69%E*F0"46-%"(69%E*46"'*9d6&'%"69
&3)(0&#?,%*"0$6&#"#%"S
OKRK&]%41-&'1&5%--*0%&_%(&'P1/&*51-%5%/(&-1:%)42"2%$`
G6-6#'*5%((%*F#],&%*"d%'(*,(#9#')%*4%*F6b0"*&6509%,'%E*6F#"*4d6-,'%&*96*]69%&#%*%"*?,%9?,%
'0&(%* q* j* 7-,'%&* h* Bd%'(* =0,&* 9%'* p-%'E* ,')%'* kE* %'(H#9* 4#(* 46"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/S* O%* F6#(E* 96* =0&()%* 4%* 9d%FF%(* 4%* ',&=&#'%* =&0$0?,)* $6* >#%"* =9,'* 90#"* ?,d,"
'#-=9%*6-,'%-%"(*4%*',&F65%E*'6"'*50"')?,%"5%'S*M0'*'%"'*'0"(*6,*50"(&6#&%*(0,(*f*50,=
)>&6"9)'*=6&*96*"0,$%99%*'#]"#F#56(#0"*?,#*6==6&6w(*q*,"%*"0,$%99%*'#]"#F#56(#0"*?,d0"*=%,(
4d6#99%,&'*(&0,$%&*9)].&%-%"(*#"?,#)(6"(%*%(*96*&%-#'%*%"*?,%'(#0"*?,%*5%*>0,9%$%&'%-%"(
4%*"0'*5%&(#(,4%'*#-=9#?,%*[?,#*&%$l(*=&%'?,%*(0,C0,&'*,"%*4#-%"'#0"*-)(6=3/'#?,%^*=0,&&6
-l-%*40""%&*9#%,*f*,"*?,%'(#0""%-%"(*4%*(/=%*=3#90'0=3#?,%S
+d%FF%(*4%*-#"#H-#&659%*(#%"(*6,*5s()*=0%'?,%*4%*96*'#(,6(#0"*D*50--%*46"'*4.'4&77)&
;9:I&E*0"*6*9d#-=&%''#0"*?,%*(0,(*)(6#(*4)Cf*9fE*50"(%",*46"'*9%*-0(E*-6#'*?,%*"0,'*"d6$#0"'
&#%"*$,S*Bd%'(*?,%*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*"0$6&#"#%"E*0"*"%*=&0-."%*=6'*'0"*53#%"*-6#'*0"*=&0-."%
'0"*&#%"S*a,d%'(H5%*?,d0"*=&0-."%*?,6"4*0"*=&0-."%*'0"*53#%"*h*!"*53#%"*h*<6'*'z&*m
<9,'*'z&%-%"(*'0"*&#%"S*;,*690&'*,"*53#%"*%(*'0"*=&0=&%*&#%"E*?,%*9d0"*=&0-."%*6,''#*=6&5%
?,d0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*F6#&%*6,(&%-%"(S*;"*6,&6#(*>#%"*$,*O%$0'*4)$%90==6"(*5%*'n%(53H=0.-%E
>&046"(*%(*=6&(6"(*f*9d6$%"(,&%*46"'*?,%9?,%*6>',&4%*50"(&)%*0,*690&'*,"*4%''#"*4%*Z&%4
0,*4%*P0(9#>*&%=&)'%"(6"(*,"*=&0-%"%,&*(%"6"(*46"'*'6*-6#"*q*0"*'6#(*?,dK6'(~004*F#9-6
5%96*[5FS*@.8/':&/'q.)($8/'(#'<$&8'&7'(#'H.:^*q*,"%*96#''%*4%*53#%"*%(*4,*$#4%*6,*>0,(E*-6#'
,"*$#4%*?,#*>0,]%&6#(E*&)'#'(%&6#(E*%(*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*(&6w"%&*f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*53#%"E*56&*"d0,>9#0"'
=6'*?,d,"*&#%"E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*&#%"E*?,%*5d%'(*-l-%E*50--%*9d)(/-090]#%*9%*',]].&%E*?,%9?,%
57
&f-.+:&V*HH%4i'+--%"?&;*#'&#:&:*#A%.#&'*M.:?&<(./+"'%&@&P:+QM%>&%"&"'.:>/.'%:<%&<(%]&V.OM*:$&V*#>>%-&B?&<*--%<"+*:
+DM%
l$)%>mi.--+M.'$?&U.+:"4fM.:$?&5
&"'+M%>"'%&0125?&/F&1JF
@1@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
530'%E*%(*?,%E*4d6#99%,&'E*530'%*'#]"#F#56(#$%E*,"*&#%"*$6,(*-#%,g*?,%*46"'*9d0'*4,*53#%"*(,
9d6,&6'E*%(5SE*%(5SE*%(5S
a,%*"0,'*'0#(*40"5*=6&40"")%*96*]&0''#.&%()*4%*5%*4)$%90==%-%"(*=%&'0""%9*["d%'(
=6'*O%$0'*?,#*$%,(^*D*#9*$#'6#(*',&(0,(*f*4)-0"(&%&*9%*]%"&%*4%*&)65(#0"'*%"*536w"%'*?,%
=%,(E*%"*%FF%(E*=&0$0?,%&*9%*536"]%-%"(*4%*9%((&%*f*9d#"()&#%,&*4d,"*-0(E*4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4d,"
9%5(%,&S
K$0?,)* 5#H6$6"(E* N6/-0"4* O%$0'E* f* 9d0556'#0"E* ,(#9#'%* 4d6#99%,&'* 9%* =&05)4)* %"
?,%'(#0"* c* =6&04#6"(* ,"%* 536"'0"* 5)9.>&%* 4%* 96* =0=,96#&%* 50-)4#%* -,'#569%* K7.)?.8$.E
9d3,-0&#'(%*[-,'#5#%"*f*'%'*3%,&%'^*'%*4)'09%*D*j*Gd6,&6#'*$0,9,*l(&%*,"*36&=#'(%*kS*Od6,(&%'
6&(#'(%'H3,-0&#'(%'*0"(*,(#9#')*5%((%*F#],&%E*50--%*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"*[5FS*j*4&'@&0)I
c9))9' (&' :5I*)$7#)&* kE* j* 8?,%9%((* ;dJ6&6* k^* 0,* %"50&%* B09,53%* ?,#E* %"* 536"]%6"(* 4%,g
9%((&%'*6,*-0(*j*B&)','*kE*#"$%"(%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*&#53%*50--%*Z&)C,'*k*?,#*50&&%'=0"4*4%
F6#(*f*,"%*5%&(6#"%*&)69#()*])0H)50"0-#?,%*[Bs(%*4d6u,&E*%(5S^*q*'6"'*0,>9#%&*'0"*F6-%,g
j*'6$6"(*4%*I6&'%#99%*k*-6#'*6,''#*j*#99,-#")*%"*F#"69%*kE*j*a,6&(#%&*+6=#"*kE*j*56'%&"%*4d79#
:6>6*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*;"*-d6*=6'*#"5,9=)*9%'*>0""%'*-6"#.&%'*k*c*"0(0"'*%"50&%*j*7"$%&'\
%"$%&'*kE*j*<0#(#%&'\-0#(#)*kE*j*]0,96]\]0,96'53*kE*j*]%'(#5,9%'\(%'(#5,9%'*k*[9%'*56'*4df*=%,
=&.'*50--%*j*$#$&%*4%*&)5#=#%"('*k*%(*j*#--6(&#5,9)%*50"5%=(#0"*k*)(6"(*f*&6==&053%&*4,
=&05)4)^S* B3%u* N6>%96#'E* 5%* '0"(* 4%'* j* F#6"'6#99%'* k* ?,#* 4%$#%""%"(* 4%'* j* F#6"(6#99%'* 4%
-%&4%*k*['#5^S*a,6"(*f*j*Z6#(%'*96*-0,53%E*=6'*96*],l=%*kE*6,*j*-6(53*4%*ˆ#"]Hˆ0"]*kE*f
j*N0,#99%uE*C%,"%''%*m*k*%(*f*j*M6]6'6n#*"%*=&0F#(%*C6-6#'*kE*5%*'0"(*9%'*=%&9%'*4d,"*]&0,=%
',#''%*-)50"",*D*8(%9996*['#5^*c*6,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*=,#')'*53%u*4d6,(&%'*6&(#'(%'*3,-0&#'(%'*D*,"
j*#>.&%*&#]0,&%,g*k*[4%*‚699#^*%(*j*;n6=#*m*(,*4%$&6#'*=6'*-d96#''%&*96*",#(*m*k*4%*G%6"HG65?,%'
B&#=#6*=6&04#6"(*#5#*,"%*5)9.>&%*536"'0"*4d796#"*:6'3,"]S*<l9%H-l9%E*%"(%"4,%'*b6*%(*9fE
6,*4)(0,&*4d,"%*536"'0"E*4d,"*'n%(53E*4d,"%*)-#''#0"*4%*&64#0*0,*4d,"%*4#'5,''#0"*6"#-)%
[5%'*',==&%''#0"'H64C0"5(#0"'*5#&5,96"(*,"*=%,*f*96*F6b0"*4%'*>96],%'Ê*"0(0"'*%"50&%*D*%"
536#"%*%(*%"*0&E*56&=%'*=0'(69%'E*:06*N#%"E*8)5,&#()*P0,((#.&%E*2&#'(%'*2&0=#'-%'E*f*F0"4
96*5,#''%E*F6,(%,#9*4%*(&0,>9%E*905,(#0"*4%*$)3#5,9%'E*+%'*&%"(#%&'*'0"(*'/-=6'E*,"#'*50--%
9%'*5#"?*40#]('*4%*96=#"E*%(5S
:0g6"(* 46"'* ,"%* 56()]0&#%* %"50&%* =9,'* =6(6=3/'#?,%E* M0$6&#"6E* 9,#E* '%->9%* $0,90#&
4)=6''%&*9%*'#-=9%*C%,*4%*-0(E*Fz(H#9*=96#'6"(*$0#&%*(0&46"(*E*#"(%99#]%"(*%(*&)$)96(%,&*4d6,(&%
530'%S*K"*F6#(E*0"*"%*'6,&6#(*4#&%*'#*5d%'(*$&6#-%"(*9f*'0"*>,(*-6#'*9%*F6#(*%'(*?,%*9d6,(%,&
'%->9%*"0,'*=&0=0'%&*'~#F(#%""%-%"(*4%'*&%"$%&'%-%"('*&64#56,g*%"(&6w"6"(*4%'*'0&(%'
4d6=0569/='%'*#"()&#%,&%'*q*6,*'%"'*4d36==6gE*4d)=#=36"#%S*K(*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%E*j*9d30--%
4%$&6*?,#((%&*'0"*53#%"*%(*'0"*&#%"*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAQ^S*R5#E*46"'*96*F0&-%E*"0,'*'0--%'*>%9
%(*>#%"*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*$)&#(6>9%*=&0=3)(#%*>#>9#?,%*50"5%&"6"(*9d6$%"#&*4%*9d3,-6"#()*q
-6#'E*'%->9%H(H#9E*'#*5&/=()%*%(*'#*=6&6>09#?,%*?,%*9d0"*"%*'6,&6#(*4#&%*f*?,0#*%99%*50&&%'=0"4
$&6#-%"(S
RK&6%)(20%&-^24(2%/.&%-"*5#(*0%&%(&)E9%)-2B2$2(E
RKOK&n#+$&#1&,#*$&+&$T&%-(&$*&31%-(2#/K
4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/'%(*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/''0"(*4%'*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&'*=,#'?,%
96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*/*'%->9%*,(#9#')%*'6"'*&6#'0"*6==6&%"(%*D*9%*()9)=30"%*4%$#%"(*,"
j*()96=30"%*k*%(*,"*j*()90=30"%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1V1^*%(*9%*'=%&-%*4%$#%"(*4%*j*96*'=#&-%*k*[+SISE
=S*W@1^*c*0"*(0->%*6,''#*',&*4%'*64$%&>%'*50--%*j*)"0&-#-%"(*k*[=S*WTAÊ*4%'*$%&>%'
50--%*j*>&0,46#(*k*[+SISE*=S*QVA^*?,#*'%*'#(,%*%"(&%*j*>&0,(6#(*k*%(*j*>0,46#(*k*%(*4%'*=3&6'%'
?,d0"*$%&&6#(*>#%"*46"'*96*>0,53%*4d,"*590~"*D*j*%99%*6*=0,&4,*'%'*0"F0"('E*9%'*=s$&%'E*9%'
@11
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
-6&&%'*4%*9d3#'(0#&%*4d746*k*[+SISE*=S*QU@^S*+%*$%&>%*j*-%((&%*k*'%*$%&&6E*9,#E*-0&>#4#F#)*%(
j*=0&(%&*kE*6=050=)*$0#&%*=0&5#F#)*f*96*=6]%*XAV*D*j*0"*9%'*-0&('*46"'*4%'*)536&=%'*%(*0"*9%'
=0&5*kE*5%*?,#*50&&%'=0"4*6,''#*f*,"*536"]%-%"(*4%*56()]0&#%'*]&6--6(#569%'*[4%'*"0-'
50--,"'*4%$#%""%"(*4%'*$%&>%'*D*,"%*6,(&%*-0469#()E*f*)(,4#%&*=9,'*(6&4^*%(*=0,&(6"(E*f
9d0&%#99%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*5&0#&%*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*C,'(%*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*=&0"0"5#6(#0"*F6,(#$%S
K"50&%*=9,'*(&#$#69%-%"(E*j*M0,'*>0#9f*'0&(#'*k*[=S*WLL^*"0,'*=6&6w(*=0,$0#&*'d%g=9#?,%&*=6&
,"*'#-=9%*&3,-%S
O%* -6"#.&%* =9,'* 0>C%5(#$%E* 96* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"* [#5#* 4%* j* 'n* k* f* j* 53* k^* '%&6
-6"#F%'(%-%"(* ,(#9#')%* 46"'* ,"* %'=&#(* &6>%96#'#%"* f* (&6$%&'* 96* -%"(#0"* '56(090]#?,%* 4%
-/'()&#%,g*j*53#%,&'*4%*F0"4*k*f*96*=6]%*WLV*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/'q*$0#&%E*46"'*D.:/7.E&
[5FS* =S* XWWÊ* 4%* j* =09#53#%&'* kE* -0(* -l96"(* #50"0596'(%-%"(* j* =09#5#%&* kE* j* 53#%&* k* %(
j*<09#53#"%99%*kS*;"*/*(0,&"%&6*)]69%-%"(*6,(0,&*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%*k*=0,&
6>0,(#&*f*j*96"],%*:&6"b6#'%*k*[+SISE*=S*QTQ^*%(*f*j*90"],%*F&6b6#'%*k*[+SISE*=S*WXQ^*5%*?,#
&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9%*-0(*e96"],%e*%"*6"]96#'E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*7980#&*[5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*-0(H$69#'%
F&6"50H6"]96#'^S*a,6"(*f*j*5#&50,-F9%g%*k*[+SISE*=S*W@@Ê*5d%'(*50--%*,"%*=&0"0"5#6(#0"
96(#"%*6/6"(*50-#?,%-%"(*=%&4,&)*D*5%'*C%,g*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*50--%*,"%*-#'%*%"*6>w-%*4,
=&0C%(*"0$6&#"#%"E*f*'6$0#&*F6#&%*=%&4&%*'%'*&%=.&%'*f*9d,(#9#'6(%,&E*=6&F0#'*>l(%-%"(*>96')E*4%
96*8%,9%*f*5)4#99%*q*'0#(*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%S*B%((%*6>'%"5%*4%*'%"'*6*6,''#*)()*&%-6&?,)
=6&*G%6"H<#%&&%*`#469*?,#*%g=9#?,%*46"'*j*+d6=0569/='%*%"*536"(6"(*kD
[…] chaque nom […], par le simple jeu d’une lettre, parfois de deux, vacille
souvent au bord du lapsus, mais un lapsus, sans autre raison, si faire se peut,
58
que linguistique.
+%*-0(*j*96=','*k*6*4d6#99%,&'*)()*,(#9#')*=6&*M0$6&#"6*f*9d0556'#0"*4d,"%*50"F)&%"5%*40"")%
f*9d,"#$%&'#()*4d7$#]"0"*0o*"0,'*6$0"'*"0()*96*=3&6'%*j*Gd)5&#'*>%6,50,=*=6&*96=','*k*D*%'(H
5%*f*4#&%*?,d#9*96='%*6=&.'*50,=*%(*?,%*9%*96=','*"0$6&#"#%"*=&05.4%*4d,"*&%(&6$6#9*9#(()&6#&%
%(*=6'*4d,"*36'6&4*=,&*%(*'#-=9%*h*K"*F6#(E*5%'*4%,g*-0469#()'*'%*-l9%"(*'6"'*40,(%*-6#'
#9*"0,'*'%->9%*)$#4%"(*?,%*"0(&%*96='%,&*F0,*"%*50"(&s9%*=6'*(0,(S*a,6"(*6,*'%"'*4%*5%'
96=','E*#9*"d#"(%&$#%"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*=9,'*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*D*j*f*=%#"%*|#'',}*4%*$#46"]%*kE
(%9*=%&'0""6]%*4%$#%"(*,"*j*6"]%*k*[=S*1AUÊ*9%*-0(*j*'0"]%*k*%'(*#-=#(0/6>9%-%"(*&6==&053)
4%*j*&0"])%*k*[=S*@@QÊ*j*30&#u0"*k*4dj0&#F#5%*k*[=S*V@^*%(*j*F96->%6,g*k*4%*j*96->%6,g*k*[=S
VT^S*<6&*50"(&%E*?,%*j*]6#"*k*'0#(*&6==&053)*4%*j*]&6#"*k*[=S*@X^*"%*40#(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*)(0""%&
46"'*9%*50"(%g(%*4d,"%*=#.5%*0&~%99#%""%*'d6==6&%"(6"(*=6&*-0-%"('*f*,"*$)&#(6>9%*=0,96#99%&
%"*F09#%S*7*96*=6]%*VQE*9d6"#-69#()*[5FS*j*5&05*kE*j*90,=*k*%(*j*]"0,*-04#F#)*k^*'%&6*%"50&%
=&)'%"(%*%(*9d0"*'d6536&"%&6*',&*,"%*'%,9%*%(*-l-%*=3&6'%E*f*'6$0#&*D*j*`0/%u*'0"*5&05*4)Cf
4%*=%(#(*90,=*mkE*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*`0/%u*'0"*5&05*4)Cf*4%*=%(#(*]90,*m*k*=,#'*j**`0/%u*'0"*90(*4)Cf
4%*=%(#(*>&6'*4%'','*m*k*=,#'*j*`0/%u*'0"*90(*4)Cf*4%*=%(#(*>&6'*4%''0,'*m*kS
RKRK&D1&B#)'&'1&)2%/
+%*C%,*'%*=0,&',#(*46"'*9%'*6,(&%'*=#.5%'*-6#'*'6"'*?,%*9%*'%"'*6==6&6#''%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*c
9%*-0(*j*'%"'*kE*4d6#99%,&'E*'%*$%&&6*&6==&053)*4%*j*'6"]*k*f*96*=6]%*@AT*4,*@).?&'(&':.
;$&*q*%(*j*'6"]*k*4%*j*'0"*k*[f*96*=6]%*U1^S*+%*'0"*j*0"*k*#5#*'%&6*0-"#=&)'%"(*['6"'*40,(%
%"*(6"(*?,%*&#-%*f*j*50&>#990"*k^*c*f*96*?,%'(#0"*[=0')%*=6&*O05(%,&*+040"^*j*a,d%'(H5%*?,d#9
'0"(*h*kE*+040"*&)=0"4*j*<%&'0""%*"%*&)=0"4*k*-6#'*j*+K*I;N2*kE*9,#E*=0'%*j*R9'*'0"S*+%'
30--%'*'0"*kE*&6==&0536"(*f*(&6$%&'*j*'0"[(^*k*9dl(&%*%(*9%*'0"S*+%'*j*0"*kE*%,gE*'%&0"(*4%'
]%"'*f*96*=6]%*@LL*%(*j*=0"(*k*'%->9%*&%-=965%&*j*50"*k*f*96*=6]%*XA*5%=%"46"(*?,d,"
j*"0-*$05#F)&)*k*[=S*1Q1^*'%*-04#F#%&6*=9,'*90#"*%"*j*(&0"5*$05#F)&%&*kS*O6"'*j*;"4%'-%'*k
58
&9%.:4;+%''%&C+$.-?&@&-W./*<.-O/>%&%:&<(.:".:"&B?&L.&H*#<(%&"()G"'.-%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&050F
@1Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
%(*j*K&&%'#%,&'*k*[OS`SE*=S*@ULÊ*#9*/*6*>%6,50,=*4%*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'E*4%*j*I)*k*f*j*;"*kE*4%
j*46-%'*k*f*j*4%'-%'*k*%(*4%*j*K&&%*k[\J%&&^*f*j*I%'*kE*-6#'*0"*&%(&0,$%*(0,(*4%*-l-%
9%*596''#?,%*59#$6]%*j*I%'46-%'\*I%''#%,&'*kS
B%96*=0')E*9%*'%"'*&%'(%*40"5*6>'%"(*D*#9*'%->9%&6#(*%"*%FF%(*?,d0"*"%*'0#(*=6'*6,*>0&4*4,
N3#"*-6#'*>#%"*=9,(s(*6,*>0&4*4,*&#%"*[$0#&*OS`SE*=S*1QA^*q*=0,&(6"(E*4)5#4)-%"(E*'#*5%96*&#-%
f*?,%9?,%*530'%E*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*f*j*50&>#990"*k*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,d,"%*6''%->9)%*=09#(#?,%*[%"
36,(H9#%,^*'%*&)$.9%*l(&%*,"*j*5%&5,%#9*4%'*I#"#'(&%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*11QÊ*9%*-0(*j*50"'%#9*k*6/6"(
)()*',5&)H&%-=965)S*O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*&%'(%*,"%*F#],&%
(&.'*,(#9#')%*-l-%*'#*5d%'(*'0,$%"(*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4%*&6==&053%-%"('*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*"%('
50--%*46"'*j*"0,&&#(,&%*k*\*j*=0,&&#(,&%*k*[=S*WXLÊ*j*'0"*50&='*k*\*j*'0"*-0&(*k*[=S*@1WÊ
j*4#(*k*\*j*O#%,*k*[=S*WV1Ê*j*590,%H-0#*6,*'%5*k*\*j*590,%H-0#*-0"*>%5*k*[=S*T1Ê*j*5%&$%6,*k*\
j*'6>0(*k*[=S*WXL^*%(*j*O)(%'(6(#0"*k*\*j*4%'(#"6(#0"*k*[=S*1UV^S
+%*C%,E*=&)5#'0"'H9%E*=0,&&6*50"5%&"%&*4%'*-0('*4)Cf*"0$6&#"#%"'*50--%*j*30--%&*kE
&6==&053)*4%*j*3,-%&*k*[=S*@UA^*0,*j*;,#H:&%F*kE*&6==&053)*4%*j*;,#H:r,F*k*[=S*1UV^*50--%
j*;,#Hu.4%*k*4%*j*;,#H46*kS*86"'*=6&9%&*4%*&6==&053%-%"('*$0,9,'*0,*"0"E*',]])&)'*0,
=6'E*0"*6,&6*4%'*56'*>%6,50,=*=9,'*)$#4%"('*50--%*j*'0&(#%*=6&*96*-0&(%*k*[=S*@1XÊ*j*'0&(%'
4%*'0&(#%'*k*[=S*@XV^*%(*j*'0&(%*4%*'0&(#%*k*[=S*W@U^S*K"F#"E*j*7F&#?,%*B#(&#"%*k*[=S1W1^*%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*f*&6==&053%&*4dk*75#4%*B#(&#?,%*k*%(*4%*j*B/=&#"%*k*H*%(*j*Z0''%HB#(&6(%*k*[=S*1W1Ê*4%
j*M#(&6(%*k*%(*4%*j*Z0''%H85%=(#?,%*kS*a,6"(*f*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*(0,(*4%*',#%*k*[=S*QWQÊ*%99%
',]].&%*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*5%*?,#*',#(*%(*"0,'*6((%"4*"d%'(*?,%*',#%E*=0,''#.&%*%(*")6"(S
RKUK&,*&BM(%&92'%
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*[=S*@WUÊ*j*40""%&*9%*96*k*4%$#%"(*j*40""%&*9%*63*kE*5%*?,#*6''05#%
=%,(Hl(&%*-,'#?,%*%(*&%'=#&6(#0"S*;"*=0,&&6*6,''#E*50--%*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE
j*6$0#&*96*>l(%*$#4%*k*%(*'%*4%-6"4%&*'d#9*%'(*=0''#>9%*4%*50"(#",%&*f*j*30--%&*k*46"'*5%'
50"4#(#0"'*[>l(%'*)(6"(*-l-%*&6==&053)*4%*(l(%'*6,g*=6]%'*@TLH@TV^S*B6&*%"F#"E*%(*50--%
0"*$6*9%*$0#&E*9%*=&05)4)*'d6==9#?,%*'0,$%"(*6,*50&='E*=%&b,*50--%*)(&6"]%&*f*'0#*c*#9*%"*%'(
6#"'#*=0,&*9%'*j*(/=#6'*k*[OS`SE*=S@LW^*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*$0#&*50--%*,"*-0(H$69#'%*F0&-)*f*=6&(#&
4%*(/=%'*%(*4%*(#>#6'S*a,6"(*f*j*3)-#'=3%''%'*k*[OS7SE*=S*1T@Ê*5d%'(*,"*-0(*46"'*9%?,%9
'%->9%"(*6''05#)'*F%''%'*[6==%9)%'*6#99%,&'*'=3)&#5#()'^*%(*3)-#'=3.&%'S*M0(0"'*%"50&%E
46"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*j*'=3.&%'*k*\*j*'=3.5%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*LVÊ*j*F65%*k*\*j*F.5%*k*[OS`SE
=S*XV^*%(*j*(0"',&%*\*(0&',&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*11X^S
<6&*5%*=&05)4)*?,6'#H-6]#?,%*-6#'*'6"'*?,d#9*/*6#(*$&6#-%"(*,"%*&6#'0"*=&)5#'%*f*96
(&6"'F0&-6(#0"*0=)&)%E*9%'*]6"('*>96"5'*'%->9%"(*4%$%"#&*4%'*j*]%"'*k*[OS`SE*=S*1AL^*c*9%'
6&53%('E* 4%'* j* 0&53%('* k* [OS`SE* =S* @UT^* c* 9%'* '0&"%((%'E* 4%'* j* '0""%((%'* k* [OS`SE* =S@A1^* c
%(* (%9* ]6&b0"E* ,"* j* ]6&b0>* k* [OS`SE* =S* 11@Ê* =0''#>9%* -0(H$69#'%* 0o* 96* -6'5,9#"#()* '%* $0#(
&%"F0&5)%*[]6&b0"*…*u0>^S*O6"'*j*Z,#'HC%*,"*30--%*hk*[OS7SE*=S*Q@VÊ*9%**90$79*%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*#-=9#5#(%-%"(*&%(&6$6#99)E*j*C%*=%"'%*40"5*C%*',#'*k*4%$%"6"(*j*Cd6$6"5%*40"5*C%*F,#'*k
q*-6#'*?,#*%(*=0,&?,0#*h
:&%FE*5%((%*F#],&%*&%"4*(0,(*F90,E*"0,'*F6#(*=%&4&%*"0'*6"5#%"'*&%=.&%'S*B%96*=%,(*-l-%
50"5%&"%&*"0(&%*=%&5%=(#0"*4%'*50,9%,&'*D*?,d%'(H5%*40"5*?,%*9%*j*F9%,*k*h*+%*>9%,*4,*F%,*h
!"*>9%,*F90,*h*Z9,0&%'5%"(*h*:&%FE*9%*-/'(.&%*4,*F9%,*&%'(%&6*%"(#%&E*=0,&*(0,C0,&'*%(*f*C6-6#'S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 9%* F%,* '%&6* 4d6#99%,&'* ?,69#F#)* 4%* F,&#%,gE* 5%* ?,#* =%&-%(
4d3,-6"#'%&*4%*F6b0"*(&0,>96"(%*9d)9)-%"(*%"*?,%'(#0"*q*5%*F%,*F,&#%,g*'d6==6&%"(6"(*f*,"
F0,*F,&#%,gE*5%*?,d#9*%'(*=0)(#?,%-%"(*[9%*=3#90'0=3%*:653%96&4*9d6,&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*50"F#&-)^S
<0,&*9%*j*2&0,*:96"5*k*4%*96*=6]%*@QX*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*'d#9*'d0==0'%*f*j*2&0,
"0#&*kE*#9*=&0$#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*4%*j*B30,*>96"5*k*[&%(&6$6#99)*6#99%,&'*=0,&*6>0,(#&*f*j*530,H
@1W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
>r,F* k^S* !"* "0-* 50--%* j* G%6"* '6"'* N#%"* k* [OS7SE* =S* @UA^* =0,&&6* "0,'* )$0?,%&* ,"%
%g=&%''#0"* 50--%* j* Cd%"* '6#'* &#%"* k* [j* G%6"* 8)&#%"* k* %(* j* G%6"* 86,&#%"* k* "d)(6"(* =6'
90#"^S*7*96*=6]%*@11E*,"%*536"'0"E*0,*=9,(s(*,"%*j*&%536"'0"*k*"%*'%&6*=6'*'%&#")%*-6#'
j*',&#")%*kE*56'*)(&6"]%*4%*-0(H$69#'%*[',&#"…')&#")%^*40"(*#9*F6,4&6#(*=6&9%&*46"'*96*=6&(#%
',&*9d6&(*=%&F0&-6(#F*"0$6&#"#%"*D*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*,"%*&)F)&%"5%*#"4#&%5(%*f*:&%53(E*53%u
?,#*9%'*',&#"%,&'*536"(%"(*%"*%FF%(S*K"F#"E*0"*=6''%&6*4dk*)-#''#0"*k*f*j*0-#''#0"*k*[OS`SE
=S* 1A1^S* 7,(&%'* 56'* =,#')'* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A* D* j* -#99#0"'* k* [-0$69#')* 6$%5
j*-/&#64%'*k^*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*-/&#0"'*k*[=S*1VAÊ*j*>&,(69%-%"(*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*>&,(696-%"(*k*[=S
1VA^*%(*j*C%*=%"'6#'*?,%*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*C%*=%"536#'*?,%*k*[=S*@UUÊ*5%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*$0,90#&
4#&%*D*j*Gd)(6#'*=9,(s(*4%*9d6$#'*?,%*kS
RKVK&I/)2&u&I"2
O%*-6"#.&%*=9,'*&6>%96#'#%""%*%(*=6&*96*'#-=9%*64C0"5(#0"*4d,"%*9%((&%E*9%*50,&'*4d3#'(0#&%
96(#"%* =%,(* 4%$%"#&* ,"* 50,&'* 4d3#'(0#&%* j* 96(&#"%* k* [ZSE* =S* TAL^* %(* 9%'* =09#5#%&'* '%
-)(6-0&=30'%&*%"*j*=09#53#%&'*k*[ZSE*=S*XWW^S*K"F#"E*0"*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(E*"0"*-0,&#&*4%*&#&%E
-6#'*>%9*%(*>#%"*j*=0,&&#&*k*4%*&#&%S*Bd%'(*?,%*9d0->&%*4%*96*-0&(*?,#*],%((%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*>#%"
90#"*46"'*9%'*=6&6]%'*4%*5%(*3,-0,&*"0#&*c*6#"'#E*,"*=%&'0""6]%*)$0?,6"(*J6-9%(*4)596&%&6
46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*j*O%=,#'*'#g*C0,&'E*536?,%*",#(*-d6==6&6w(*9%*'=%5(&%*4%*-0"*=#&%
|t}S*R9*-%*4#(*4%*(,%&*-6*-#&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*LAÊ*9%*C%,*4%*-0('*F6#'6"(*&%(0,&*6$%5*)596(*46"'
456*7&'$8*988#S
+%*-69%"(%"4,*=%,(*#5#*=&0$0?,%&*4%'*56(6'(&0=3%'*c*0"*%'(*=&)$%",*D*j*"%*F6#(%'*=6'
50--%* <&0'=%&* I656#&%* f* ?,#* 9d0"* 5&#6* D* eO)=l53%uH$0,'* me* %(* ?,#* '%* 4)=%b6* )(6"(* -69
%"(%"46"(*kS*N#%"*f*$0#&E*0"*9d6,&6*50-=&#'E*6$%5*9%'*-69%"(%"4,'*4,*(/=%*4%*5%,g*-#'*%"
'5."%*=6&*:%5n%((*46"'*D$8'(&'%.)7$&*D*j*q*B0{(%*m*B0#(%*(,*$%,g*4#&%S*7*-0#"'*?,d%99%*"%*'%
(#%""%*50#(%S*\*q*73*m*;"*4#(*50#(%*h*;"*"%*4#(*=6'*50{(%*\*q*I6#'*$0/0"'*m*8#*%99%*'%*(%"6#(*50{(%
"0,'*'%&#0"'*>6#')'*k*[I#",#(E*@VUXE*=S*X@^S*;,*4%*5%,g*4,*Z%/4%6,*4%*H.$/'857&'%)9?G8&
(98*'%./'79#7&'8#&'eE*5%9,#**?,#*)5&#(*D
– Ah ! ben ! il a du culot ! […] Cet homme qui a dit de toi… ping pong ! –
Comment dis-tu ça ? – Ping pong ! – « Ping pong » ! – « Pis que pendre » !…
pas « ping pong » ! – On ne dit pas ping pong ? – On ne dit pas ping pong. –
J’ai toujours entendu dire ping pong. – Tu as toujours mal entendu. – Ah ! bien,
59
c’est donc ça que je ne comprenais pas l’expression .
B3%u*M0$6&#"6E*40"5E*9%*-69%"(%"4,*"%*40""%&6*=6'*$&6#-%"(*9#%,*f*,"%*=96#'6"(%*'5."%
4%*50-)4#%*-6#'*=0,&&6*>%9*%(*>#%"*4)>0,53%&*',&*,"*4)=%b6]%*=,&*%(*'#-=9%S
7*96*=6]%*@AW*4%*@&;.87':.'%.)9:&E*#9*'%&6*?,%'(#0"E*"0"*4d,"*-69%"(%"4,E*-6#'*4d,"*-69H
9,*[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"*-0(*4d%"F6"(\%g)].(%*'#]"#F#6"(*6,*-0"4%*?,%*96*'0,FF&6"5%
4,*B3&#'(*%'(*6,''#*96*"s(&%^*D*j*8,&*5%((%*5&0#gE*%"F6"(E*C%*"%*9#'6#'*=6'*e#"&#eE*C%*9#'6#'*#5#S*kS
O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*9d#5#[\#"&#^*'%->9%*%"50&%*9#)*f*,"%*F0&-%*4%*'0,FF&6"5%*%(
f*,"*&%F,'*4dl(&%*$,*=6&*6,(&,#*%(*#"*F#"%*4dl(&%*9fE*#5#*%(*-6#"(%"6"(*D*j*<0,&?,0#*-%*&%]6&4%uH
$0,'*46"'*9%*$*$*h*k*[=S*1QÊ*9d#-=0&(6"5%*6550&4)%*6,*-0(*)(6"(*655%"(,)%*=6&*96*-#'%*%"
#(69#?,%'S
7,(&%* 0==0'#(#0"* F0&(%* D* %"(&%* 9d#"(%"(#0"* %(* 9d#"(%"'#()E* 4#'(#"5(#0"* =&#-0&4#69%* $0#&%
F0"46(&#5%E*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*=6&96"(*[#9*'d%"*%g=9#?,%*46"'*96*4&77)&*.#A*.*7&#)/^*D*#9*'d6]#(
=0,&*,"*65(%,&*[%(*=0,&*,"*'=%5(6(%,&^*4%*530#'#&*'0"*56-=S*+%*&6==&053%-%"(*',]])&)*"%
59
&i%*'Q%>&`%O$%.#?&N.+>&:W"%&/'*MD:%&$*:<&/.>&"*#"%&:#%?&=*--%<"+*:&N.e+4L+A'%>&@&=-.>>+,#%>&X'.:o.+>&B?&a**p+:Q
l:"%':."+*:.-?&;.'+>?&011T?&/F&05IF
@1X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
50"5%&"%*40"5*=6'*?,d,"%*'#-=9%*30-0=30"#%*D*9d#4)%*#-=9#5#(%E*5d%'(*?,d#9*"%*F6,(*',&(0,(*=6'
50"F0"4&%*5%'*4%,g*(%&-%'*D*l(&%*46"'*9d#"(%"(#0"E*5d%'(*C0,%&*50--%*46"'*,"%*-6,$6#'%
')&#%*()9)$#')%*-6#'*530#'#&*4d699%&*$%&'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*#"(%"'#()E*5d%'(*'%*&)596-%&*4d7&(6,4E
4%*P6((#*0,*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
;"*=%,(*%"50&%E*%"*6C0,(6"(*C,'(%*,"%*9%((&%E*4#&%*%g65(%-%"(*9%*50"(&6#&%*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"
40"(* 0"* 'd#"'=#&%* -6"#F%'(%-%"(* c* 6#"'#E* 46"'* D.:/7.E&* [=S* XLA^* D* j* Gd6#* ,"%* &)=,(6(#0"* f
(%&"#&*kS*!(#9#')*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*LXÊ*9%*$%&>%*j*&)F96"53#''%&*kE
'#*9d0"*'0"]%*f*96*',>'(6"5%*4d,"*F96"E*"d6,],&%*=6'E*'%->9%H(H#9E*4d,"%*(&.'*]&6"4%*$#],%,&
#"(%99%5(,%99%*6,*"#$%6,*4%*96*&)F9%g#0"*[&)F96"'#0"*h^*40"(*0"*%'(*56=6>9%S*K"F#"E*46"'*j*<%(#(
TA
4)>6(*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*k *I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&*[?,#E*46"'*96*-l-%*"0(%E*=6&9%*6,''#*4%
9dk*05)6"*$%&>#%&*k*"0$6&#"#%"^*"0(%*?,d,"*&%F&6#"E*j*7"4&0]."%'E*0%'(&0])'*k*'%&6*4)59#")
',&*4#FF)&%"(%'*$0/%99%'*D*j*6"4&0]#"%'E*0%,'(&0],)'*kE*%(5S
+d%FF%(* "d%'(* 5%=%"46"(* =6'* (0,C0,&'* '%"'#>9%* f* 9d0&%#99%* -6#'* =%,(* 5%=%"46"(* '%
50-=&%"4&%* )(6"(* 40"")* 9%* 50"(%g(%* D* j* Gd6#* 9d)"0&-#()* 4%'* =6"(69690"'* 4,* >6'* ?,#
>9%''%*k*[OS`SE*=S*11Q^S*R5#*%"*%FF%(E*5d%'(*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*6$0#&*9%*>p(*?,#*>9%''%*k*?,%*M0$6&#"6
6E* '%->9%H(H#9E* (&6"'F0&-)%* q* "0(0"'* ?,d#9* 6* F699,* 6,''#* %"9%$%&* 9d655%"(* 5#&50"F9%g%* [46"'
j*p-%b0"'*kE*#9*6*F699,*%"*6C0,(%&*,"*%(*%"9%$%&*,"*j*3*k^S*<0,&*9%'*j*r,4'*=0"4,'*k*[OS`SE
=S*XU^*%(*9%'*j*,(*-,%('*k*[OS`SE*=S*11@Ê*#9*%'(*F0&(*4#FF#5#9%*4%*=&0=0'%&*4%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'S
:&%FE* ?,6"4* #9*%'(*4#(E*46"'*4.' >+.$)'(&' :5+9??&* ?,%* j* 9%* =9,'* =%(#(* 4%'* -0('* %'(* 9%
9%$#%&*4%*(0,(*kE*0"*6*%"$#%*4%*&%-=965%&*j*9%*=9,'*=%(#(*4%'*-0('*k*=6&*96*=9,'*=%(#(%*4%'
9%((&%'*$0#&%*9%*=9,'*=%(#(*4%'*655%"('*5#&50"F9%g%'*(6"(*%'(*]&6"4*9d%FF%(*4%*'6#'#''%-%"(*?,#
%'(*9%*"s(&%*q*-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*"d%'(H5%*9f*?,d,"%*$#'#0"*=,&%-%"(*',>C%5(#$%*%(*,"%*=&0C%5(#0"
(0,(*f*F6#(*=%&'0""%99%*[4%*-l-%E*($A$7*M0$6&#"6E*j*,"*-0(*4)=965)E*,"%*'/996>%*&%(0,53)%E
)596#&%"(*9d%"'%->9%*(0,(*6,(&%-%"(*k^S
RKcK&,P>)242"%&)#10%
R9*6&&#$%*6,''#*?,%*9%*=&05)4)*"%*'0#(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*,(#9#')*-6#'*C,'(%*',]])&)*50--%*46"'
F&'/#$/E*f*96*=6]%*QA*D*j*G%*$0#'*9%'*]%"'*6,(0,&*699%&*>0"*(&6#"E*-6#'*5d%'(*9%*'#]"%*?,%*9%'
]%"'*$0"(*%"*$6#"*kS*R5#E*9d%FF%(*%'(*9%*-l-%*D*j*699%&*>0"*(&6#"*k*%(*j*699%&*%"*$6#"*k*'0"(*-#'
6,*-l-%*"#$%6,E*5%*?,#*'%->9%*6''#-#9%&*9%'*]%"'*f*4d6>',&4%'*83640n'*?,#*=0-=%&6#%"(
4%*>%99%*F6b0"E*%(*-l-%*6$%5*%"(&6#"E*'6"'*'%*=0'%&*96*?,%'(#0"*4,*$#4%*4%*9%,&*%g#'(%"5%
q*5%((%*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"*'%->9%*$69#46>9%*=6&*96*=&)'%"5%E*46"'*96*-l-%*=6]%E*4%*96*=3&6'%
j*B36?,%*3,-6#"*=0&(%*'6*(l(%*=0,&*&#%"*kS
<9,'*90#"*46"'*96*-l-%*r,$&%E*9%*=&05)4)*'%&6*&%=&#'*D*j*<6&*?,0#*'d%g=&#-%*9%*50&='*h
+%*50&='*'d%g=&#-%*=6&*96*-0&(*kS*[=S*WL^S*I6#'*50"(#",0"'*6$%5*F&*/#$/*0o*9d0"*50"'(6(%*f
"0,$%6,*?,%E*?,6"4*#9*/*6*4,*53#%"E*9%*&#%"*"d%'(*=6'*90#"E*5%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*&%$%"#&
f* =0'%&* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* j* +f* 0o* #9* /* 6* 4%* 9d6"#-69* %(* 4%* 96* $#%E* #9* /* 6* 4%* 96* -0&(* %(* 4%
9d%"(&0=#%*k*D*j*790&'*C%*&)=)(6#*f*-0"*50&='*4%*F6#&%*9%*53#%"*%(*#9*'%*(,(*kS*[=S*@TX^S*7C0,(0"'
?,%*9dj%"(&0=#%*k*=0,&&6*6,''#*'d6==9#?,%&*f*9dk*6"(3&0=#%*k*D*5d%'(*,"*&%"$%&'%-%"(*(0,C0,&'
=0''#>9%S*6'*987).)$9'-6#'*(0,C0,&'*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@QQÊ*'#*j*k*-6"]%&*k*%'(*&6==&053)
4%*j*536"]%&*kE*5d%'(*&)$)96(%,&*4d,"*4)'#&E*4d,"*F6#-*4%*536"]%-%"(*=6&*j*-6"]%&#%*k*D
j*+0&'?,%*"0,'*-6"]%0"'E*5d%'(*'#]"%*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*F6#-*4%*536"]%&*9%'*530'%'*k*0,
j*+0&'?,%*"0,'*-6"]%0"'*5d%'(*=0,&*536"]%&*9%'*530'%'*%"*"0,'*k*c*>&%FE*5d%'(*4,*j*"0,&&#&*k
?,%*9d0"*0==0'%*6,*j*-0,&#&*kS
<0,&*F#"#&*6$%5*F&'/#$/E*5#(0"'*6,''#*9%*&6==&053%-%"(*=0''#>9%*-0#\-0#'*4%*96*=6]%
=S*@AV*%(*',&(0,(*=#%&&%\=&#.&%*[5FS*=S*T@^*0,*%"50&%*j*k*699%&*",99%*=6((%*k*[=S*@1WÊ*j*6#"'#
TA
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*<%(#(*4)>6(*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@QUS
@1T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
4%*F,#(%*k*[=S*XL^*%(*j*'#")&,&]#%*k*[=S*@AL^S*+%*F%'(#$69*50"(#",%*46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&
7&?%/*6$%5*9d)(&6"]%*-)(#%&*4%*j*"6&5,(#%&*k*[=S*TL^*%(*j*F6,g*96=','*k*[=S*UU^*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(
)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&6==&053%&*4%*50996=','*q*%(*=&)5)4)*4%*4)5)4)*46"'*j*=.&%*=&)5)4)*kS
<6&*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*4d,"*-0(E*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*F&6"b6#'%'*'%&0"(*%"50&%*-04#F#)%'*c
6#"'#E*j*9d0=)&6(#0"*f*5r,&*0,$%&(*k*4%$#%"(*j*,"%*j*0=)&6(#0"*f*5#%9*0,$%&(*k*[=S*QWÊ*j*>,$%u
5,9H'%5*kE*j*$#$%u*5,9H'%5*k*%(*j*'6"'*(0#(*"#*90#*kE*j*'6"'*(0#*"#*-0#*kS*<0,&*=6&9%&*4,*'(&#5(
50"(&6#&%*4d,"*j*]&6"4*>%6,*(%-='*kE*0"*4#&6*j*R9*F6#(*]&6"4*-053%*k*[=S*@X^S*7$%5*9d6C0,(
4d,"*j*9*kE*9%*-0(*j*'5#%"5%*k*4%$#%"(*j*'#9%"5%*k*q*%(*9%'*j*>p(0"'*4%*'5#%"5%*k*'%->9%"(
690&'*'%*(&6"'F0&-%&*%"*j*>p(0"'*4%*'#9%"5%*k*[==S*QTHQU^S*K"F#"*4%'*-0('*'%*&%''%->96"(
'%&0"(*-#'*%"*=&)'%"5%*D*j*4p(%*4%*$%#99%*$#%#99#%*4d,"*=0"(*k*[`SaSE*=S*1VÊ*j*+%*(%-='*4%30&'
)(6#(*'(6>9%*%(*4%-%,&6#(*46"'*4,*'6>9%*k*[`SaSE*=S*QA^S*;"*6==&%"4&6*%"50&%*46"'*5%((%
=#.5%*?,d0"*=%,(*)530,%&*f*'%'*%g6-%"'*f*56,'%*4d,"%*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*%"*F0&-%
4%*96=','*F6(69*%(*6>'09,-%"(*"0"H&6((&6=6>9%E*-l-%*%"*4%,g#.-%*'%''#0"*D
Le cursus fut parfait, sauf au finale d’examen d’art où professeur Rémy Laplace
m’interroge par inadvertance sur une huile d’Osbert : « La femme à l’ananas » ;
laquelle de mes langues fourchant, je lus « La femme à l’ananus ».
B%*"d%'(*5%&(%'*=6'*(0,C0,&'*9%*56'*-6#'*#9*/*6*=6&F0#'*,"*'%"'*f*96*F#],&%*c*6#"'#E*46"'*96*=3&6'%
?,#*',#(E*'#*j*B%"4&%*k*4%$#%"(*j*86->&%*kE*5%*"d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*=6'*=6&*36'6&4*D*j*Cd6996#'
$0#&*G%6"*B%"4&%E*?,%*C%*',&"0--6#'*G%6"H86->&%H%(HI%,'%*56&*#9*F#F&6#(*(0,C0,&'*5%(*6#&*%"
-#*m*k*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*56'*46"'*96*=6,=#&%*%(*9%'*36&>%'*4,*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&
[$(&?*=0,&*j*#*"0"*=9,'*k^S
7,(&%*56'E*=,#')*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*W@^*D*9%*$%&>%*j*&))$69,%&*k*?,#
'%*$0#(*&%(&6$6#99)*46"'*j*N6$690"'*9d30--%*=0,&*5%*?,d#9*%'(*kS*7*96*=6]%*WUE*,"*j*?,0#*k
4%$#%"(*,"*j*=0#4'*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*,"*j*-0#*k*=0,&*&%4%$%"#&*,"*j*?,0#*k*q-6#'*5%96*&%9.$%
=9,'* 4d,"* ]9#''%-%"(* -)(0"/-#?,%* 6$%5* &%(0,&* f* 96* 56'%H4)=6&(* ?,%* 4d,"%* ',==&%''#0"H
64C0"5(#0"*=,&%*%(*'#-=9%S*R5#E*?,6"4*0"*C%((%*?,%9?,%*530'%*[j*4,*-0,&#&*kE*=6&*%g%-=9%Ê
0"*"%*9%*C%((%*"#*6,*90#"*"#*6,*53#%"*-6#'*j*6,*&#%"*k*[=S*QA^S*K"F#"E*46"'*j*26#'H(0#*k*[=S*UVÊ
5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*j*2d%'*(0#*k*?,d#9*F6,(*%"(%"4&%S
M0(0"'*%"50&%E*5%((%*F0#'*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*?,%*4%'*F0&5%'*699#)%'*/*4%$#%""%"(*4%'
j*F0&5%'*6#9)%'*k*[=S*W@Ê*?,%*j*"d/*$0#&*?,%*4,*F%,*k*4%$#%"(*j*"d/*$0#&*?,%*4,*>0#'*k*[=S
@AV^*%(*?,%*9d6''%u*=6]"09%'?,%*j*;*>0""%*-.&%*m*k*4%$#%"(*j*;*>0""%*-#&%*m*kS*O%*-l-%E
9dk*)-0#*k*'%*536"]%*%"*j*%FF&0#*k*[=S*@AX^*%(*,"*j*6#&*=#"5)*k*4%$#%"(*j*=%&5)*k*[@WT^S*a,6"(*f
j*O#%,*kE*9%*-0(*'%&6*&6==&053)*4%*j*9#%,*k*f*4%,g*&%=&#'%'*D*f*96*=6]%*VW*[j*+0,6"]%*f*O#%,
%(*]90#&%*6,*9#%,*k^*%(*f*96*=6]%*@AT*D*j*`#46"]%*%(*90,6"]%*6,*O#%,*5&)6(%,&*|t}*+0,6"]%*6,
O%,gE*6,g*+#%,gE*6,*B3#%"*:0&]"%*kE*&6==&053%-%"(*f*&6==&053%&*['#*9d0"*=%,(*4#&%^*4%*96
50"F,'#0"*#"'(6,&)%*%"(&%*j*#"&#*k*%(*j*#5#*kS*7,(&%'*&6==&053%-%"('*D*%"(&%*j*>#%"*k*%(*j*&#%"*k
46"'*j*I%")%*f*>#%"*%(*f*&#%"*k*[=S*Q1^*%(*%"(&%*j*(0&(*kE*j*4%30&'*k*%(*j*-0&(*k*[=S*VA^
7*96*=6]%*@WXE*j*!*:!MJ!I*MRJR+*k*[9%*j*:0"30--%*M#3#9*k*'d)(6"(*40"5*(&6"'F0&-)^
'%*-%((&6*6>',&4%-%"(*f*536"(%&*j*!"*Cz&*(z*$%&&zE*\*+%*5&z?,%H-z&(*(d%-=0&(%&z*\*!*=9,(z(
(,* 9d$%&&,* =9,'* D* \* B6&* (,* 'd&6>>,* 4)F,"5(,,* kS* a,6"(* 6,* j* ,* k* F#"69* 4dj,&9,>%&9,* kE* #9* '%&6
&%-=965)*=6&*9%*',FF#g%*j*#'(%'*kE*9%'*j*!&9,>,&9#'(%'*k*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%'*F6&F%9,'*%(\0,
4%'*#99,-#")'*[;SNS*c*=S*1T^S*a,6"(*f*9d%"(6-%*%"*j*!"*Cz&*(,*$%&&,*kE*%99%*=0,&&6*&6==%9%&
9%*$%&'*4d,"%*536"'0"*4%*I0,90,4C#*[j*!"*C0,&E*(,*$%&&6'*kE*%(5S^S*B0"5%&"6"(*9%*(#(&%E*0"*"%
&)69#'%*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*6''%u*96*=6&%"()*%"(&%*9%'*-0('*;&#]#"%*%(*;&#F#5%*D*9d;&#F#5%*&0,]%E*'d#9
)$0?,%*,"*=%,*96*=96#%*4%*G%6"*4%'*2&0,'*[%(*9%*'5%=(#5#'-%*4%*230-6'Ê*'d%g=9#?,%&6#(*=6&
96*=%&F0&6(#0"*4)53#&6"(%*?,%*F,(*9d6==6&#(#0"*4%*5%((%*<6&09%*?,#*(&6"'=%&b6*746-*50--%
,"%*)=)%*'6"]96"(%*q*%(*5%*'%&6#(*40"5*=0,&*5%96*?,%E*4%=,#'E*0"*=6&9%*4d;&#]#"%*&0,]%E
=)&#=3&6'%*=0''#>9%*=0,&*=6&09%S
@1U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
RKqK&,P#5B)%&'%-&[&4#)"%-&*2$E%-&\
R5#*40"5E*&#%"*"d%'(*'z&*D*5d%'(*,"%*F#],&%*?,#*6*f*$0#&*6$%5*9%*46"]%&S*2&.'*$#(%E*9dj)-0#*kE
50--%*0"*9d6*$,E*=%,(*'%*536"]%&*%"*j*%FF&0#*kS*O%*-l-%E*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&
[=S*VXÊ*0"*=6''%*4%*j*'(6]")%*k*f*j*'6#]")*k*%(*9%*:0"30--%*4%*(%&&%*'#]"69%*f*96*Z%--%
')-#"69%*[=S*WA^*D*j*7*9d%"$%&'*4%*(0"*$#'6]%*C%*$0#'*(%'*=6,=#&%'*4%$%"#&*"6C#&%'E*(%'*5#9'
'd0,$&#&*#"$%&'%'*%(*(%'*'0,&5#9'*=0,''%&*-0,'(653%'*k*E*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"*?,#*6*?,%9?,%*530'%
4%*C%n#99#%""%-%"(*-0"'(&,%,gS
<9%#"%* 4%* =0''#>#9#()'* =0)(#?,%'* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* [%"* >0"* 56"5&%* +0]#?,%* h^* 'd%-=90#%* f
%g=90&%&E*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*9,#*=%&-%((&6*4%*&%$#'#(%&*96*50"C,]6#'0"*D*j*G%*"%*4#&6#
=9,'*9%*F,(,&*-6#'*9%*F,&,&E*C%*"%*4#&6#*=9,'*=6'')*-6#'*4)=6'')*|t}*c*C%*"%*4#&6#*=9,'*-0#*-6#'
-0&(*k*q*-0#\-0&(E*=6'')\4)=6'')*%(*6$6"#&[\6$6"#%E*6$6&#%^*0,*F,&,&*\F,&%,&*D*#9*'%->9%&6#(
?,d0"*'0#(*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*50"5%=(#0"*=9,(s(*'0->&%*4,*(%-='S
+6*:#>9%*6,''#*'%&6*50"5%&")%*=6&*9%*C%,*4%*-0('*[j*F0"(*k*4%$%"6"(*j*'0"(*kE*j*6#-%&*k
4%$%"6"(*j*30--%&*k*%(*j*(0#H-l-%*k*4%$%"6"(*j*(6*=0--%*k^*D*j*8%#]"%,&E*=6&40""%u
9%,&*D*#9'*"%*'6$%"(*=6'*5%*?,d#9'*'0"(*|t}*J0--0"'H"0,'*9%'*,"'*9%'*6,(&%'*k*[;S*NSE*=S
VU^* 0,* j* J0--%* (0"* =&0536#"* 50--%* (6* =0--%* k* [;SNSE* =S* VU^S* +fE* 9%* -%''6]%* 6* 9d6#&
=0'#(#F*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*56'*f*96*=6]%*@XV*0o*9dK$6"])9#'(%*-6,4#(*O,"n%&?,%*=0,&*6$0#&
j*-#'*,"*-0(*f*96*=965%*4d,"*6,(&%*k*D*5d%'(*?,%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*=%,(*'d6$)&%&*(&.'
46"]%&%,'%*c*4%*-l-%E*f*56,'%*4d,"*-0(*4#(*=0,&*,"*6,(&%E*j*40,u%*>0->6&4#%&'*4)5099%"(*k
46"'*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/S
<6&* 5%'* )$056(#0"'E* M0$6&#"6* $6* >%6,50,=* =9,'* 90#"* ?,%* B6-,'* %'(#-6"(* ?,d,"%
-6,$6#'%* -6w(&#'%* 4%* 96* 96"],%* 6C0,(6#(* 6,* -693%,&* 4,* -0"4%* c* #5#E* 9%* -0(* %'(* ,"%
>0->%*6(0-#?,%*','5%=(#>9%*4%*9%*4)(&,#&%S*7,*F6#(*D*?,%*50"(#%""%"(*$&6#-%"(*9%'*40,u%
>0->6&4#%&'*h*+%*4&6-%*4dJ#&0'3#-6*"d%'(H#9*=6'*','5%=(#>9%*4%*'%*&%=&04,#&%*f*56,'%*4%
'#-=9%'*-0('*4d0&4&%*40"")'*'6"'*&)F9%g#0"*$)&#(6>9%h*K"*F6#(E*9%'*-0('*4#('*=0,&*4d6,(&%'
6,g?,%9'*M0$6&#"6*F6#(*699,'#0"*=&0$#%""%"(*%(*=&05.4%"(*4d,"%*%&&%,&*=9,'*6"5#%""%*[?,#*6
f*$0#&*6$%5*9d)53%5*4%*:6>%9Ê*4d,"%*-69%"(%"4,*#"#(#69S*6'*987).)$9E*9d0"*"%*'653%*=6'*?,%
%&.*&*%(*:9;&*6#%"(*)()*,"*F&%#"*(&.'*%FF#565%*f*96*P,%&&%*4,*`#%("6-*[4%*-l-%E*9%*x%990~
',>-6&#"%*"d)(6#(*=6'*,"*>0->6&4#%&^*c*>&%FE*#9*%'(*&6&%*?,%*9%*-0(*4#(*=0,&*,"*6,(&%*?,6"4
#9*'d6]#(*4%*4#&%*%&.*&*6,*9#%,*4%*`.)*6#(*,"%*65(#0"*=%&F0&-6(#$%*50"5&.(%S*+%'*-0('*40"(
M0$6&#"6*"0,'*=6&9%*'0"(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%*4%'*-0('*(%53"#?,%'*%(*(%53"05&6(#?,%'*4%$%"6"(
46"]%&%,g* f* F0&5%* 4%* "%* =9,'* $0,90#&* &#%"* 4#&%* %(* 4%* "%* =9,'* (%"#&* 50-=(%* 4%* 9d3,-6#"S
a,d0==0'%&*f*5%'*-0('*h*+%'*r,$&%'*4%*P6((#*%(*4%*M0$6&#"6*50"'(#(,%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*4)>,(
4%*&)=0"'%E*$0#&%*,"%*=#'(%*f*%g=90&%&*%(*,"*%g%-=9%*f*',#$&%S
7,* 4)>,(* 4%* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [=S* @QÊ* 9%'* -0('* j* '0,=#.&%* k* %(* j* =0,''#.&%* k
'0"(E*46"'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-%',&%*6''05#)'*%(*-#'*6,*-l-%*"#$%6,E*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%
536"'0"* (0,(* f* 96* F0#'* 4&s9%* %(* (%&&#>9%* ?,#* =%,(* 'd)50,(%&* 50--%* ,"* &6==%9* [5FS* 9,-#.&%
j* )(%#"4)%* kE* %(5S^* 4%* 9d6$%"#&* 4%* 9d30--%* %(* 4%'* 0>C%('* ?,#* 9d%"(0,&%"(S* O%* -l-%E* 96
LU7&' (59)* 4%* B96,4%9* 56536#(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"%* 2l(%* 4d0'* ['0,'* 96* 50,&0""%* D* ,"* 5&p"%^* %(
#9* '%&6#(* (&.'* )(0""6"(* ?,%* 5%(* 6,(%,&* #99,'(&%* "d6#(* =6'* =%"')* f* 96* =0''#>#9#()* 4d,"%* (%99%
',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"S*23.-%*-6C%,&*4%*96*=#.5%E*9%*4)(&s"%-%"(*50"5%&"6#(*40"5*=%,(H
l(&%*6,''#E*=0(%"(#%99%-%"(E*9%*=6''6]%*4%*9d0&*[5%9,#*4%*96*50,&0""%^*%"*0'*[9d0'*&%"$0/6"(
-)(0"/-#?,%-%"(*6,*50&='*-0&(%9*4d,"*&0#Ê*96*(&6"'-,(6(#0"*4%*9d0'*['0,F&%E*=0,''#.&%^*%"
0&*)(6"(*.'*987).)$9*9%*>,(*6$0,)*4%*9d6"5#%""%*6953#-#%S*+d6->#],{()*596,4)9#%""%*%"(&%*9%'
-0('*(l(%*%(*5&p"%*%(*0&*\0'*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*TA^*6$%5*j*7#%*f*-%0E*6#%*f*-%'
0'*kE*j*-%'*0'*k*50&&%'=0"46"(*f*9d*j*6$6"#&*k*4%*j*-)0*kE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*4%*-0#*D*5d%'(*,"*C%,
['#*9d0"*$%,(^*f*&6==&053%&*4%*96*=6&%"()*50&='*\*-0&(S
@1L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
RKoK&C#312/&'%&5#)(&i
B0"(#",0"'*6$%5*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*0oE*'6"'*6,5,"%*&6#'0"E*j*>0"30--%'*k*4%$#%"(
j*>0"3w-%'*k*[=S*@WW^*%(*j*f*]&6"4*&%"F0&(*4%*k*4%$#%"(*j*f*]&6"4*%FF0&(*4%*k*[=SLT^S*7,(&%
%g%-=9%*D*j*-6"?,)*k*%'(*-#'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%*j*-6"])*k*[=S@@^*%(*j*|96}*50"$%&'6(#0"*=&%"4
,"*(0,&*$%&()>&69*k*[=S*UU^*c*%"F#"*0"*'%*C%((%*j*=6&*96*F#"%'(&%*k*[=S*XTÊ*-6#'*=6'*F0&5)-%"(
46"'*9%*>,(*4%*-0,&#&*[0"*=0,&&6*%"*%FF%(*6'=#&%&*f*j*&%>0"4#&*46"'*96*C0#%*k^S*7*96*=6]%*@WLE
:%"0w(*j*|>6F0,#99%}*k*%(*5%96*40""%*j*G,'?,df*=9,'*F0#F*k*[=S*@WL^*(6"4#'*?,%*j*I%('H/*4,
(#%"*k*4%$#%"(*j*I%('H/*4,*-#%"*k*f*96*=6]%*1QE*j*I%('H/*4,*53#%"*k*%(*j*I%('H/*4,*&#%"*kS
a,6"(*f*j*Cd/*-0&4'*kE*9d%g=&%''#0"*5s(0#%*f*96*=6]%*@@*9%'*-0('*j*50&='*kE*j*-0&(*k*[4%,g
F0#'Ê*j*'%,#9*k*%(*j*=0,''#.&%*k*[4%,g*F0#'^*%(*#9*"0,'*%'(*40"5*=&%'?,%*#-=0''#>9%*4%*"%*=6'
%"(%"4&%*?,%*'#*9%*50&='*?,#*]w(*-0&(*"0,'*4#(*j*Cd/*-0&4'*kE*#9*'%*&)F.&%*f*96*=0,''#.&%*H*9%*-0&(
'd%"*=96#"(*4d6#99%,&'*D*j*I0&4&%*=0,''#.&%E*b6*-d%g6'=.&%*\*Bd%'(*=6'*,"*4)C%,"%&*kS*K(*'#*9%
I0&(%9*536"(6"(*96*j*B36"'0"*4,*-0&(*?,#*=0,''%*536"'0"E*536"'0"*4d=0,''#.&%*k*=&)(%"4
j*|/*-0&4&%}*=0,&*4%*$&6#*kE*5d%'(*?,d#9*%"*j*5&0?,%*6,''#*kE*-0&(*%(*=0,''#.&%*9d6((%"46"(
6,*(0,&"6"(S
K"F#"E*0"*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(*50"F0"4&%*4%,g*(%&-%'*?,#*"%*4%$&6#%"(*',&(0,(*=6'*l(&%
50"F0"4,'*D*j*`0,'*-l-%*$0,'*6$#%u*4#(*j*&)=#(*k*%(*Cd6#*=&#'*b6*=0,&*4,*4)=#(*k*[=S*L1^S*R5#
40"5E*?,6"4*0"*=&%"4*,"*j*?,#4*k*=0,&*,"*j*?,04*k*9%*&)',9(6(*%'(*'0,$%"(*56(6'(&0=3#?,%E
4)'6'(&%,g*[4)=%b6]%E*)53%5*6,g*%g6-%"'E*%(5S^S*7,g*=6]%'*11*H1QE*,"*=0''#>9%*]9#''%-%"(
-)(0"/-#?,%*'%->9%*F6#&%*?,%*j*-#%"*k*4%$#%"(*j*&#%"*k*=,#'*j*>#%"*k*=,#'*j*-#%"*kS*:&%FE
(0,(*>0,]%*%(*&#%"*"d%'(*65?,#'S*+6*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*=&)'%"(%*'0,$%"(
,"*56&65(.&%*F,".>&%*D*j*B0?,#"*4%*'0&(E*?,%9*(&#'(%*-0&(*m*\*x*F6#(*,"%*>#%"*'69%*F#],&%*\*B0?,#"
4%*-0&(E*(,*6'*>#%"*(0&(*\*2,*=%,g*=9,'*-6"]%&*4d50"F#(,&%*k*[;SRSE*=S*W@^S*R5#E*9d%g=&%''#0"
j*B0?,#"*4%*'0&(*m*k*4%$#%"(*j*B0?,#"*4%*-0&(*m*k*-6#'E*%"*=0,''6"(*,"*=%,*%(*96*&#-%*6#46"(E
0"*=0,&&6#(*6,''#*=%"'%&*?,%*96*F#],&%*4%$#%"(*4%*96*50"F#(,&%S
O6"'*4.'K*G8&E*,"%*-)4#6(3.?,%*4%$#%"(*,"%*j*=)4#6(3.?,%*k*[=S*VU^*%(*,"*(&0,*4%$#%"(
,"*j*(&0"5*k*[=S*XLÊ*5%*?,#*&%$#%"(*f*4#&%*?,%*9%*$#4%*4d,"*(&0,*%'(*'0,$%"(*=&0$#'0#&%E*"%
F6#'6"(*?,d6((%"4&%*4dl(&%*50->9)S*O%*-l-%E*3/=0(3)'0"'*[=0,&*$%&>%&*50--%*9d6,(%,&^*?,%
96*P%".'%*=,#''%*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*'%*&)',-%&*6#"'#*D*4,*")6"(*)-%&]%6*9%*(%-='E*9%*$#4%
'%*F#(*=9%#"*%(*9%*&#%"*'%*F#(*=6#"*c*>&%FE*6$%5*5%((%*F#],&%E*9%*&%(0,&"%-%"(*%'(*(0,C0,&'*=0''#>9%
%(*9d3,-0,&*"0#&E*(&.'*$#(%E*%"*,"%*F099%*j*$09(%H$&#99%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@AVÊ*=0,&&6*F#"69%-%"(*5)4%&
'6* =965%* f* 9d%g=&%''#0"* 4d,"%* 5%&(6#"%* C0#%* 4%* $#$&%* %(* 4d,"%* 5%&(6#"%* =9)"#(,4%S* O6"'* 96
=&0=0'#(#0"*50"(&64#5(0#&%*j*<%&=)(,0"'H=%&=)(&0"'*k*[;SRSE*=S*1XÊ*5%((%*4,69#()*%'(*%"50&%
=&)'%"(%* D* %99%* '/->09#'%* 9d)?,#9#>&%* $0,9,* =6&* M0$6&#"6* D* 90&'?,%* 96* -0&(E* 9d%"(&0=#%* %(
9d3,-0,&*"0#&*'%->9%&0"(*9d%-=0&(%&E*5d%'(*690&'*?,d6,&0"(*9#%,*,"*'=%5(65,96#&%*&%(0,&"%-%"(
%(* ,"%* C0/%,'%* &%"6#''6"5%* [50--%* f* 96* F#"* 4%* F&' /#$/* 0o* +6u6&%* '%* &%9.$%* =0,&* "0,'
'#]"#F#%&*?,%*j*|96}*-0&(*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#%*k^S
O%* -l-%* [$8* ;SRSE* =S* TWÊ* ?,6"4* 9%'* j* $#%,g* 5#%,g* k* 6>&#(6"(* ,"* j* 4#%,* $#%,g* k* '%
',>4#$#'%"(*%"*4%,g*F0#'*4%,gE*9d%'=65%*'%*4)=9#%*%(*0"*$0#(*596#&%-%"(*?,%*96*9,-#.&%*",#(
%(*?,%*96*",#(*9,-#.&%E*?,%*96*",#(*>&#99%E*'09%#99%E*'096#&%*%(*699,-%*4%'*F%,g*[=0,&*50"(#",%&
9%* C%,^* 46"'* 9%'* /%,g* 4,* C%* '6"'* 9#%,* "#* O#%,* D* $#%"(* %"* %FF%(* 9%* -0-%"(* "0$6&#"#%"* 0o
-l-%*96*&)$%&'#()*"d%g#'(%*=9,'*q*0,*=9,(s(*5%96*%g#'(%*%"*-l-%*(%-='*%(*(0,C0,&'*D*5d%'(
%g65(%-%"(*96*-l-%*530'%*[5%96*F6#(*=9,'*?,%*'%*50"F0"4&%*D*5d%'(S^S*+%'*59#$6]%*9,-#.&%\
",#(*0,*",#(\9,-#.&%*"d0"(*4.'*90&'*=9,'*4%*=%&(#"%"5%*q*$(&?*=0,&*$#%\-0&(*%(*-0&(\$#%*D*5%96E
9%'*)]/=(#%"'*9d6$6#%"(*50-=&#'*%(*M0$6&#"6*"%*5%''%*4%*9%*&)=.(%&E*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"
50->6(*=%&'0""%9*-%")*4%=,#'*(0,C0,&'S
@1V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
UK&Z201)%&5*0231%
UKOK&,P*::)#"<%&"$*--231%&%(&$P*::#)(&/#9*)2/2%/
B0--%* 0"* 9d6,&6* 50-=&#'E* 5%* =&05)4)* ?,6'#H-6]#?,%* [5FS* +6* :%99%* \* +6* :l(%E* 56&0((%* \
56&&0''%^*?,#*'%->96#(*=9,(s(*=&)=0')*f*9d3,-0,&*q*%(*?,#*F6#(E*=6&*%g%-=9%E*?,d!9/''%*4%$#%"(
79#5%E*?,d,"%*(&,#%*4%$#%"(*2&0#%E*,"*]6,99#'(%*4%$#%"(*]6,53#'(%E*?,d6$%5*;4#9%*[5FS*a,%"%6,Ê
5%96*4%$#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*?,d,"%*'#-=9%*#4/99%*[(0,(*%"*'6536"(*?,%*:9;&*=%,(*(&.'*$#(%*'%
(&6"'F0&-%&*%"*:&.;&E*6#-%&*%"*&#-%&*%(*%FF,'#0"'*%"*#"F,'#0"'Ê*?,%*9d6&(*4%*96*F,],%*4%$#%"(
5%9,#*4%*96*F#],%E*?,#*=%,(*6''#-#9%&*f*4%'*50,'#"'*(&.'*=&053%'*9%*-#(&0"E*9%*9#(&0"*%(*9%*5#(&0"E
?,d0"*=%,(*'%*&%(&0,$%&*',>#(%-%"(*',&*96*<96".(%*4%'*B#"(&%'E*'%*-%((&%*f*=6&9%&*%"*=,(0#'E
f*)50,(%&*4,*G03""/*69#()*%(*l(&%*-%")*%"*]p(%6,E*?,%*4%'*=,=#99%'*'%*-)(6-0&=30'%"(*%"
=6=#99%'*%(*9%'*-0,'(#?,%'*%"*-/'(#?,%'*[$0#&%*,"*50&'%*%"*-0&'%E*,"%*-640"%*%"*-6(&0"%E
T@
*
9%*'09%#9*%"*809%g*%(*9%'*$%&&0,'*%"*-)&0,'^q*E*5%*=&05)4)*40"5E*?,#*F6#(*?,%E*46"'*'6*4&77)&*
I%&9#"*[B96,4%Ê*&%"4,*F0,*9,#H6,''#E*50"(6-#")*=6&%#99%-%"(E*=6&9%&6*4d,"*:&*79)'$8'7Êg.=#:.
[5%*?,#*',]].&%*6,''#*96*=0''#>#9#()*4d,"*&%"$%&'%-%"(*4%*(6>9%*%"*F6>9%Ê*5%*=&05)4)*?,#
%-=l53%*9d3)&0{"%*4,*>987&'(5+$;&)*4%*N03-%&E*50"F0"46"(*B0,&>%$0#%*%(*+%$6990#'*%(*'d%"
655,'6"(* q* j* G%* ',#'* 50""%* f* 9#%&* k* [6,(&%* 56'* 4%* 96=','^* q* 4%* &%(&0,$%&* 9d6-0,&* 4%* '6
$#%E* 5%* =&05)4)* %"F#"* ?,d!->%&(0* K50* )$0?,%E* 9,#E* f* (&6$%&'* 9d#4)%* 4%* F6(69%* 50?,#99%* [5FS
6==&0=#"56$#(*\*6==&0=#"56>#(^*%(*4%*9%((&%*?,#*(,%E*#9*'%*(&0,$%*?,%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*9d,(#9#'%
)]69%-%"(E* -6#'* '6"'* F0&5)-%"(* 53%&53%&* [96#''6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* 5%96* 6,g* j* p-%'* ,')%'* k^
f* "0,'* 6-,'%&* 4d,"%* F6b0"* ',=%&F#5#%99%* c* %"* F6#(E* 0"* 4#&6#(* -l-%* =9,(s(* ?,d#9* %''6#%* 4%
>&0,#99%&*"0'*&%=.&%'*36>#(,%9'*4d6-6(%,&'*4%*F#],&%'*%"*"0,'*=&0=0'6"(*"0(6--%"(*4%'
',==&%''#0"'H64C0"5(#0"'*4d,"*]%"&%*50-=9.(%-%"(*"0,$%6,E*'0,$%"(*#"()&%''6"(%'*',&*9%
=96"*4%*9d%'(3)(#?,%*50-#?,%*%(*4%*9d#"50"]&,#()*F0&-%99%E*-6#'*"%*F6#'6"(*&)F)&%"5%*f*&#%"
4%*$&6#-%"(*=&)5#'*%(*"%*53%&536"(*=6'*'=)5#69%-%"(*f*"0,'*'#]"#F#%&*?,0#*?,%*5%*'0#(*6$%5
(%9*0,*(%9*-%''6]%*?,#*'%&6#(*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*5&/=()S
R5#E* 0"* 6,&6* 40"5* %''6/)* 4d#99,'(&%&* 4%* F6b0"* '6"'* 40,(%* (&0=* =%&'0""%99%* 9d#4)%* ?,%
M0$6&#"6* "0,'* =6&6w(* 4%* 5%'* 6,(%,&'* '(#-,96"('* ?,#E* 50--%* G0/5%E* B)9#"%E* a,%"%6,* 0,
`%&3%]]%"E*=%,$%"(*40""%&*9d%"$#%*4%*5&)%&*f*'0"*(0,&*D*5d%'(*?,d%"*9%*9#'6"(*E*0"*"%*=%,(
=6'*$&6#-%"(E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*'%*50"(%"(%&*=6'*4%*&#&%E*4dl(&%*(&0,>9)E*#"(%&90?,)*[6]65)
$0#&%^*0,*4d6==&)5#%&*%"*50"'0--6(%,&*>96')*(%9*0,*(%9*C%,*4%*-0('*[$0,9,*0,*"0"^*D*#9*"0,'
F6,(* 5&)%&E* (&6$6#99%&* 4,* j* 536=%6,* -%"(69* k* %(* 6550-=6]"%&* f* '6* -6"#.&%* %(* '%90"* '%'
=0''#>#9#()'*9%*F6"(6'(#?,%*B6&"6$69*`%&>69*?,#*"0,'*%'(*=&0=0')*9f*q*0,*>#%"*699%&*6#99%,&'E
=6''%&*"0(&%*53%-#"*%(*=6&(#&*',&*4d6,(&%'*=#'(%'S
7=&.'* 9d6$0#&* 9,E* #9* =%,(* 6&&#$%&* [%(* 5d%'(* %"* 5%96* ?,%* 50"'#'(%* 9d%g=)&#%"5%* (0,(%
=%&'0""%99%* ?,%* "0,'* '0,36#(%&#0"'* >&#.$%-%"(* )$0?,%&^* ?,%* 9%* 4)'#&* [=0,&* ,'%&* 4d,"%
%g=&%''#0"* 6&]0(#?,%^* 4d%"* 5&0?,%&* "0,'* '6#'#''%* 9#(()&69%-%"(E* "0,'* ',>-%&]%* -l-%
%(* ?,%* "0,'* '0/0"'* >%6,50,=* =9,'* &)5%=(#F'* ?,d6$6"(E* =9,'* 655,%#996"(* f\=0,&* (0,'* 9%'
)$%"(,%9'*C%,g*4%*-0('*[6=050=%E*50"(&%H=%(E*")090]#'-%E*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"E*%(5S^*?,#E
=6&F0#'E*"0,'*(&6$%&'%"(*9d%'=&#(S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%*5%((%*'(#-,96(#0"*4%*"0'*u0"%'*4%*:&056E
,"%*=&)5#'#0"*F0&-%99%*%(*(&.'*#-=0&(6"(%*?,6"(*f*96*-)(304%*[h^*,(#9#')%*=6&*9d6,(%,&*%'(*f
6==0&(%&E*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*'0--%'*C,'?,df*=&)'%"(*50"(%"()'*4d)$0?,%&*50--%*%"*=6''6"(S
UKRK&A:%/(<7-%-.&:)#-(<7-%-&%(&*:<E)7-%UKRKOK&D1()12%u;1=*1'%&%(&4E<*55%u-E<#//%)2%
T@
**B96,4%*I%&9#"E*j*+%((&%*f*M0$6&#"6*46"'*'0"*79=%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1XAS
@QA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
B0--%*0"*9d6*$,*46"'*>0"*"0->&%*4d%g%-=9%'*)$0?,)'*(0,(*6,*90"]*4%*5%((%*=6&(#%*%(*'#*9d0"
'%*'0,$#%"(*4%'*j*'0--%'*]6'(&0"0-#?,%'*k*4%*B09,53%*0,*'#*9d0"*50"'#4.&%*9%*'0&(*?,%
:0&#'*`#6"*F#(*=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(*',>#&*f*j*50?,#99%*k*[$0#&*9%'*j*+%((&%'*6,*B099.]%*k*&),"#%'
46"'*F&';9#().$/'%./'*)&;&)Ê*0"*50-=&%"4*>#%"*?,%*9%*'%,9*&%(&6#(*4d,"%*9%((&%*[?,#*=%,(
)]69%-%"(*F6#&%*4d,"%*90,=%*,"*90,=E*4,*9#-0"*,"*9#0"E*4d,"*(690"*,"*(60"E*4d,"*F0#%*,"%*0#%E
4d,"%*=#9%* ,"%*=#%*0,*4d,"*50,&'*,"* 0,&'Ê*%(* "0"* '0"* &%-=965%-%"(* [-l-%* '#* 9d0"* =%,(
50"'#4)&%&*?,%*9d64C0"5(#0"*50"5%&"%*690&'*4,*$#4%Ê*=%,(*',FF#&%*%(*50"(&#>,%&*f*40""%&*,"%
#-=&%''#0"*4%*$%&(#]%*%(*4%*4)&.]9%-%"(*[4%*(0,'*9%'*'%"'*h*4%'*u0"%'*4%*:&056*h*4%*96
'%,9%*f*5)4#99%*h^S
B0--%*53%u*O,>#996&4*#"$%"(6"(*96*"0(#0"*4%*j*4#6>90],%*k*0,*53%u*a,%"%6,*#"$%"(6"(
9d%g=&%''#0"* j* C0#"4&%* 9d0,(#9* f* 9d6]&)6>9%* k* [56'* =6&(#5,9#%&* 0o* ,"%* 9%((&%* %'(* %"9%$)%* %(
,"%*6,(&%*6C0,()%Ê*9d)=%"(3.'%*=0,&&6*40"5E*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*=%&-%((&%*9d%FF%(*4%*',&=&#'%
q* %(* ?,%* 4%'* -z&%'* 6#%"(* 4%'* 0&%#99%'* 0,* ?,%* 4d,"* r,F* ',&]#''%* ,"* >r,FE* 4d,"%* 9.$&%
,"* 9#.$&%E* %(5SE* %(5S^S* B%((%* 4#-%"'#0"* '%* &%(&0,$%* 53%u* M0$6&#"6* ?,#* F)-#"#'%* 6,(&,#* %"
j*7,(&,#%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@W^*%(*4#$#"#'%*,"*4%,g*?,#*4%$#%"(*,"*j*O#%,*k*[OS`SE*=S*LU^S
Bd%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*?,%*5%*56'*'%*&%"50"(&%*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(E*96
9%((&%*6C0,()%*=0,$6"(*l(&%*9%*j*)*k*50--%*46"'*j*F)36--%*kE*j*=%&53)0#&*k*%(*j*')0""%&#%*k
f*96*=6]%*QLVS*;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*6C0,(%&*=9,'#%,&'*9%((&%'*50--%*46"'*9%'*j*]%"''%'*k*[=S
QVA^*0,*j*%"$09)09%&0"(*k*[=S*W@V^S*O6"'*96*j*9)50"0-#%*k*[=S*WLAÊ*0"*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'
=&053%*4d,"*56'*4d6]]9,(#"6(#0"S*O6"'*j*9,5%&-#%*k*[+SISE*=S*WV1Ê*0"*=6&(*'6"'*40,(%*4%
j*9%,5)-#%*k*-6#'*0"*=%&-,(%*9%'*9%((&%'*%(*0"*6C0,(%*,"*j*&*kS
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0"*F)-#"#'%*2,/6,*%(*5%96*40""%*2,/6,4%*[=S*@T^*c*4%*-l-%E
9%*-0(*R"C%5(#0"*[OS`SE*=S*1WX^*'%->9%*'%*(&6"F0&-%&*%"*R"(%&C%5(#0"*f*96*=6]%*1WT*q*-6#'*5d%'(
=9,(s(*,"*56'*4%*]9#''%-%"(*-)(0"/-#?,%S*O6"'*96*$090"()*4%*j*'d%"F0,#&*k*[OS`SE*=S*@VQ^
=9,(s(*?,%*4%*j*'d%"F,#&*k'%*&)',-%*96*50"5%=(#0"*6,(&,53#%""%*4%*96*F,#(%*[%(*96*=09#(#?,%
?,#*$6*6$%5^S*Z&)?,%"(*46"'*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*9d6C0,(*4,*j*)*k*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*j*]9)65)H
%(H50-#?,%*k*[2S<SE*=S*WU^*%(*46"'*j*'=)9%"4#4%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1TA^*?,#*)$0?,%*6,''#*,"*-0(H
$69#'%* ['=)9)0* …* '=9%"4#4%Ê* ,"* '#-=9%* j%* k* =%&-%((6"(* * 4%* (&6"'F0&-%&* 4%'* 50?,#99%'* %"
j*50?,%#99%'*k*[4&'Q&%./E*=S*W@^S*7,(&%*56'*[$8*BSJSE*=S*1UW^*D*9d6C0,(*4d,"*6*46"'*j*60&"6#%"(*kE
9%*$%&>%*)$0?,6"(*6,''#*9%*-0(*60&(%S
UKRKRK&]%*'=X5*'%&%(&)<E(#)231%
+%* &%(&6#(* =,&* %(* '#-=9%* %'(* %"50&%* ,"* -0/%"* =&#$#9)]#)* 4%* >&0,#99%&* 9%'* =#'(%'* %(* 4%* F6#&%
=%&4&%*'%'*&%=.&%'*6,*&)5%=(%,&*D*5d%'(*9%*56'*46"'*j*$#'%&*9%'*'0--%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*VL^*0o*9%*(
4%*'0--%('*6*)()*s()E*f*-0#"'*4%*50"'#4)&%&*?,d#5#E*'0--%'*&%-=965%*5#-%'E*5%*?,#E*46"'
9%'*4%,g*56'E*50&&%'=0"4*f*,"%*F6b0"*'6"'*40,(%*=9,'*-6()&#69#'(%*[5FS*'0--%'*4d6&]%"(^
4d%"$#'6]%&*96*F09#%*4%'*]&6"4%,&'S
<6&* ,"* 36'6&4* 0>C%5(#F* "0,'* 6-%"6"(* f* F6#&%* ,"%* 4#]&%''#0"* ?,#* "d%"* %'(* =6'* ,"%E
9d)$056(#0"*4%*5%((%*F09#%*4%'*]&6"4%,&'*"0,'*)$0?,%*#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(*9%*(#(&%*4d,"*F#9-*4%
P)&6&4*;,&/*%(*96*=&%'(6(#0"*4d,"*5%&(6#"*65(%,&*f*?,#*M0$6&#"6*[5FS*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/E
@&?&#)&' E).0$:&^* F6#(* -l-%* [%FF%(* 50-#?,%* #-=6&6>9%* m^* (%"#&* 4%'* =&0=0'* -)(6=3/'#?,%'
?,d0"*#-6]#"%*4#FF#5#9%-%"(*46"'*'6*>0,53%*)(6"(*40"")%*96*F#9-0]&6=3#%*4,*P%"46&-%*4%
86#"(H2&0=%u*D*#9*/*6*4,*)&.(S2?.(&*9fH4%''0,'*c*0&E*0"*=%,(*%'(#-%&*?,%*96*',==&%''#0"H
64C0"5(#0"*&%9.$%*)]69%-%"(*4%*5%((%*(%53"#?,%*D*50--%*,"*0>C%(E*9%*-0(*%'(*9fE*4%$6"(*"0,'
%(*#9*',FF#(*4d,"*&#%"*[4d,"*&%(&6#(*4%*9%((&%*0,*4d,"*6C0,(^*=0,&*?,%*"0(&%*$#'#0"*[4,*-0(*h*4,
-0"4%*h^*536"]%*4,*(0,(*6,*(0,(*D*5d%'(*6#"'#* ?,%* O,536-=* =&05)46* =0,&* +6* G050"4%* D
,"*'%,9*(&6#(*[0,*f*=%,*=&.'^*',FF#'6#(*=0,&*F6#&%*4d%99%*,"%*-0,'(653,%*%(*-04#F#%&*=6&*9f
(0,(%*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*=%#"(,&%*%(*4%*9d6&(*%"*])")&69S*B%96*=%,(*699%&*%"50&%*=9,'*90#"*D*"%*4#(H
@Q@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
0"*=6'*?,d,"*'#-=9%*=0#"(*4d6==,#*=0,&&6#(*=%&-%((&%*4%*'0,9%$%&*9%*-0"4%*h*+d,(#9#'6(#0"
"0$6&#"#%""%*4,*=&05)4)*)(,4#)*"0,'*40""%*,"%*#4)%*4%*96*F0&5%*4%*5%((%*6"5#%""%*(3)0&#%S
O%*-l-%E*"0,'*"d6$#0"'*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*(0,'*=%&b,*9%*-%''6]%*',>9#-%*%(*',>9#-#"69
%(* ',>9#-%-%"(* ',>9#-#"69* 50"(%",* 46"'* 9%* C%,* F099%-%"(* 4)9#&6"(* 4%* +0,#'* O%* Z,".'* %(
=0,&(6"(E* 4d,"* =0#"(* 4%* $,%* "0$6&#"#%"E* 5d)(6#(* >%9* %(* >#%"* ,"* =&0=3.(%* f* 96* $0#g* F0&(%* ?,#
'd%g=&#-6#(*4%$6"(*"0,'*c*#9*',FF#'6#(*4d0,$&#&*9%'*/%,gE*'%->9%*"0,'*'#]"#F#%&*9d6,(%,&S*B%((%
3/=%&H=%&5%=(#0"*4%*5%96*?,d0"*"%*$0#(*=6'*(0,(*4%*',#(%*-6#'*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4%*4)5%9%&*4%&&#.&%
9%'*-0('E*9%'*%g=&%''#0"'E*9%'*9#%,g*50--,"'*%(*4%'*6==6&%"5%'*=6&F0#'*(&0-=%,'%'*=%,(
'6"'*40,(%*'%*4)$%90==%&*f*F0&5%*4%*9#&%*4,*M0$6&#"6S
UKRKUK&J2/%.&:1:$%.&:#1)a*0%&%(&*--#1)'*/(K
O.'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*=0,&*%"*&%$%"#&*6,*',C%(*4%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%E*#9*/*6$6#(*4%'*56'
4%* ',==&%''#0"* 4%* 9%((&%'* %(\0,* 4%* '/996>%'* D* j* #9* F6#(* =#"%* f* $0#&* 9%* =6,$&%* m* k* [=S* W1XÊ
j*9%*=,=9%*'d6$6"5%*%(*=,&(%*>0,56"*k*[=S*X1U^*0,*%"50&%*j*$)&#(69%-%"(*k*[=S*QTVÊ*j*>&,#(
6''0,&46"(*k*[=S*WULÊ*%(5S*O6"'*9%*56'*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"*0g/-0&#?,%*j*%6,*4,&%*k*[OS`S*c*=S
1WÊ*0"*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6&(#*4,*-0(*j*0&4,&%*k*[9%*F6-%,g*K988&7*(&/*;9S&::&/*"d%'(*=6'*90#"
%(*j*;*4,&%E*#*>9%,*k*%'(*50--%*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()*4d%"(6-%E*#5#*',]])&)%^S
a,6"(*f*9dk*65(%,*k*[+SISE*=S*WTA^*%(*6,g*j*655#4)'*4%'*(&6#"'*k*[+SISE*=S*W1TÊ*#9*F6,(
=9,(s(*9%'*&6"]%&*46"'*96*56()]0&#%*4%'*6=050=%'*q*$(&?*=0,&*96*j*F#"*4,*I0"*k*[OS`SE*=S
Q1Ê*-0(*?,d0"*6-=,(%*%"50&%*=0,&*6>0,(#&*C,'(%*6=&.'*f*96*j*F#"*4,*0"*kS*;"*j*F%&6*%"50&%
=9,'*F0&(*k*6$%5*9%*j*#*k*?,#*&%'(%*4%*j*9,#*k*[$0#&*5#H6$6"(^*%(*9%*j*#*k*?,#*&%'(%*4%*j*R9*k*[46"'
,"%*=3&6'%*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*4#'6"(*j*G%*4%-6"4%*6,g*30--%'*4%*30--%&*%(*f*R9*4%
4#&%*#*kÊ*j*#*k*&%"$0/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,*j*R*k*4%*9d6"]96#'*%(*40"5*6,*j*C%*k*4,*F&6"b6#'S*O%
-l-%E*j*,*k*$#%"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%*j*,(*kE*96*"0(%*)$0?,6"(*9d#4))*4d,"*4)>,(*[9%*4)>,(*%"*j*,(*k
)(6"(*6,''#*5%9,#*4,*-0(*j,(0=#%*k^S*8,&*9%*j*,(*kE*?,#*j*'d%'(*]9#'')*f*96*=965%*4,*"0->&%
F)(#53%E*9%*j*3,#(*kE*46"'*9%*53#FF&%*j*3,#(*$#"C#-%&4%*?,%9?,%*$#"](H,(*kE*K(#%""%*N6>6()*"0(%E
T1
9,#E*46"'*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*k *q*(#(&%*50-=0&(6"(*4)Cf*,"*C%,*4%*-0('*[5FS
j*1A*k\k*$6#"*k^*4,*(/=%*4%*5%,g*)(,4#)'*#5#*q*"0(%*40"5*?,%*9%,&*=&0g#-#()*=30")(#?,%*[5FS
j*,(*k\*j*3,#(*k^*5&)%*,"%*j*50"(#",#()*k*D*j*9%*"0->&%*4,*"0->&%E*5d%'(*9%*'0"S*B%9,#H5#*F#],&%
,"*)(6(*0&#]#"%9*4,*96"]6]%E*,"%*,(0=#%*4,*96"]6]%*k*c*',&*9d6"690]#%*j*3,#(*k*\*j*",#(*k*[9%
j*3*k*"%*'d%"(%"46"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(Ê*0"*6,&6*4d6,(&%'*&)F9%g#0"'*4%*96*=6&(*4%*M0$6&#"6*?,#
&%-6&?,%*6,''#*9d6"690]#%*j*"653(*k*\*j*653(*kE*j*"053%*k*\*j*0530*kE*j*"#]3(*k*\*j*%#]3(*k*[8SE
==S*TLHTV^S
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*@@L^*%(*'#*9d0"*50"'#4.&%*?,%*9%*j*3*k*"%*'d%"(%"4*=6'E*0"
6,&6E*f*9d0&%#99%*40"5E*,"*56'*4d)=%"(3.'%*3,-0&#'(#?,%*6$%5*j*+0&'?,%*C%*$0#'*-6-*ud%99%
+,5#%*\*G%*-d)H30""%*4%*'6*3H6"(6#'#H%*kS*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*TLÊ*0"*"%*'%*50"(%"(%
4d%"9%$%&*,"%*9%((&%*f*j*=0,&5%"(6]%*k*=,#'?,d#9*4%$#%"(*j*=0,&b6]%*k*[9%*-0(E*690&'E*)$0?,6"(
4%'*=0,&5%6,g*?,#*'%&6#%"(*'6]%'^S*O6"'*9%*56'*4,*-0(*j*0&#99%*k*q*$)&#(6>9%*-0(HF)(#53%*4%
M0$6&#"6*[6$%5*j*,(*kE*j*0,#5%='*kE*j*>0,#F*kE*j*$#6"4%\$#6"4%&#%*kE*j*(&0,*50-#?,%*kE*j*#(0#"%
%(*#'#(0#"%*k^*qE*0"*"%*'6#(*F#"69%-%"(*=9,'*'#*5d%'(*9%*j*%*k*4%*j*0&%#99%*k*?,#*6*)()*s()*0,*9%*j*]*k
4%*j*]0&#99%*k*D*5%((%*50"F,'#0"*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*$0,9,%S*+%*-0(*j*0&#99%*k*'%->9%*6550&4%&*6,g
0&%#99%'*,"%*'0&(%*4d6,(0"0-#%S*;"*=%"'%*f*4%'*0&%#99%'*'6,$6]%'*$#$6"(*46"'*96*C,"]9%E*%(5S
8,&* 5%* -04.9%E* 0"* =0,&&6#(* =0,&* F#"#&* %(* '#* 9d0"* "d6$6#(* =6'* =%,&* 4,* &#4#5,9%* =&0=0'%&
f*"0(&%*(0,&*4%'*C%,g*4%*-0('*4d#"'=#&6(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*c*5#(0"'*(0,(*4%*-l-%*<0,&*$#$&%
3%,&%,g*$#$0"'*-p53)'E*;"*%"(&%*#5#*50--%*46"'*G%6"*I0,9#"*%(*7((%"(#0"*f*9d0,$%&(,&%
4%'* -0&(%'E* ?,#* 'd#"'=#&%"(* ,"* =%,* 4%* 9d3,-0,&* "0#&* 40"(* '6#(* F6#&%* =&%,$%* 9d6,(%,&S* I6#'
T1
**K(#%""%*N6>6()E*j*+%*"0->&%*$6#"*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*WLS
@Q1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%''6/0"'* 40"5* =9,(s(* 4%* =0,&',#$&%* "0(&%* '6F6&#* &3)(0&#?,%* %"* %-=&,"(6"(* 4%* "0,$%99%'
=#'(%'*4%*&%53%&53%t
6K&?/&N%1&*9%"&_%(&"#/()%`&$*&$*/01%&&4)*/a*2-%
OK&AQ:)%--2#/-&()*/-4#)5E%OKOK&?/&5#(&:#1)&1/&*1()%
OKOKOK&?/%&(%"</231%&*5B201v
K"*F6#(E*"0,'*"d%"*6$0"'*=6'*F#"#*6$%5*96*',==&%''#0"*64C0"5(#0"*56&E*50--%*0"*%"*6*4)Cf
)$0?,)* 96* =0''#>#9#()E* %99%* =%,(* 6,''#* 50"5%&"%&* 5%&(6#"%'* %g=&%''#0"'* ?,#* &%''0&(%"(* 4%
9d0=)&6(#0"*?,%9?,%*=%,*[h^*-04#F#)%'*c*0"*536"]%*40"5*,"*-0(*[=6&F0#'E*5d%'(*,"%*9%((&%^*%(
5%96*40""%*f*9d%g=&%''#0"*#"#(#69%*,"*'%"'*9)].&%-%"(*[hÊ*%(*'0,$%"(*50-#?,%-%"(E*4#FF)&%"(S
<l9%H-l9%* %(* =6&* %g%-=9%E* 0"* 6,&6* 40"5* 4%'* %g=&%''#0"'* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* 4#&%
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*&%(&6$6#99)%'*50--%*j*-%((&%*$#%,g*kE*j*96*(6''%*%'(*=9%#"%*kE*j*50#FF)*4d,"%
=#%&&%*>96"53%*kE*j*=0&()*46"'*'%'*F%''%'*k*0,*%"50&%*k*"%*-%*&%'(%"(*?,%*-%'*/%,g*=0,&
90,53%&*k*[OS`SE*=SL1Ê*j*699%&*4%*!*f*O#6*k*[BSJSE*=S*VXÊ*j*86,$%H?,#H=0"4*k*[OS`SE*=S*LWÊ
j*I#HF#],%*-#H'50&=#0"*k*[=S*@X@Ê*j*4)50,=%&*9%'*=3&6'%'*%"*L*k*[GS8SE*=S*LVÊ*j*C,'?,df*=0#"(
4d30--%*[;SNSE*=S*@TXÊ*j*-d4)-%((&%*,"*=#%4*4d$6"(*9d6,(&%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@VLÊ*j*G%*=%&'#'(%*%(
40,>9%*k*[;SNSE*=S*LLÊ*j*Gd6#*(&)=6'')*9d6]%*4%*C0,%&*k*[`S*aSE*=S*UXÊ*j*4%'*3#'(0#&%'*f*',#$&%
4%>0,(*k*[GS8SE*=S*XTÊ*j*f*(0,(%*=%"4,9%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@XTÊ*j*6996"(H>6996"(*k*[GS8SE*=S*XT^*%(
j*&%(%&&%&*%(*&)%&&%&*-6*$#%*4%*]6&b0"*k*[`SaSE*=S*XV^S
+%* C%,* %"* ?,%'(#0"* 50--%"5%* 4.'* 4567&:$&)' ;9:.87* D* 9%* j* 4#"40"* 4%* 96* F6&5%* k* '%
-)(6-0&=30'%*%"*536(*[=S*1AÊ*j*?,%9?,%*9#%,*k*[=S*@@U^*'%->9%*=&)F)&)*f*j*?,%9?,%*=6&(*k
%(*j*(6''%*k*f*j*50,=%*k*46"'*j*96*(6''%*%'(*=9%#"%*k*[=S*@1L^*c*0"*"%*j*$09%*=9,'*46"'*9%'
=9,-%'*k*-6#'*0"*'0,FF9%*4%46"'**[=S*@@1^*c*j*0>)#&*6,*40#](*%(*f*9dr#9*k*4%$#%"(*j*0>)#&*f*96
$0#g*%(*6,*]%'(%*k*[=S*@A^*c*j*6$0#&*4,*-69*f*C0#"4&%*9%'*4%,g*>0,('*k*%'(*&6550,&5#*%"*j*6$0#&
4%,g*>0,('*f*C0#"4&%*k*[=S*UUÊ*%(*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*j*(#&%&*=6&*9%'*4%,g*>0,('*k*[=S*WX^*c*'%
$0#&*j*50,=%&*9d3%&>%*'0,'*9%*=#%4*k*'%*536"]%*=0)(#?,%-%"(*%"*j*`0,'*-%*50,=%u*9%'*6#9%'
'0,'*9%*=#%4*k*[=S*@X1^*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*46"'*9%*509(6&*-6#'*>%9*%(*>#%"*j*46"'*9%*530,*k*?,%
9d0"*j*|"d/*$0#(}*?,%*=0,#5*k*[=S*@X1^*q*j*699%&*4&0#(*46"'*9%*530,*k*[=0,&*j*699%&*4&0#(*46"'*9%
-,&*k^*)(6"(*,"%*6,(&%*$6&#6"(%*=0''#>9%*f*=6&(#&*4%*j*530,*kS
O%*-6"#.&%*=%,(Hl(&%*-0#"'*)$#4%"(%E*e=)(%&*=9,'*36,(*?,%*'0"*5,9e*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,
46"'*j*]&#-=%&*=9,'*36,(*?,%*'6*5&0,=%*k*f*96*=6]%*@WT*46"'*,"%*=&#.&%*j*:%&"6&4E*:%&"6&4E
',#'*(0"*50&4%6,E*]&#-=%*=6'*=9,'*36,(*?,%*(6*5&0,=%E*&6-."%*(%'*4)'#&'*f*96*50?,%*k*?,#
&6==%99%*9%*=9,'*50"5#'*j*N%'(%*46"'*(6*"6(,&%E*:0>*m*k*q*$(&?*=0,&*96*-%"(#0"*F,]65%*4d,"%
(&65%*4%*j*$#"*',&*96*-6"53%*k*?,#*)$0?,%*,"*=%,*9%*=6#"*',&*96*=96"53%S
<0,&*50--%"(%&*,"*=%,*5%*-#"#H>#96"*=&0$#'0#&%*%"*5%*?,%*"%*50"5%&"6"(*?,%*4567&:$&)
;9:.87E* 50"'(6(0"'* ?,%* (0,(%'* 5%'* %g=&%''#0"'* (&6"'F0&-)%'* 6==6&(#%""%"(* f* ,"* &%]#'(&%
%''%"(#%99%-%"(* =0=,96#&%* D* ?,0#* 4%* =9,'* "0&-69* )(6"(* 40"")* 9%* ',C%(* 4%* 96* =#.5%* h* 8#* 9%
F&6"b6#'*'d/*(&0,$%*50"'(6--%"(*-04#F#)E*5d%'(*>#%"*'z&*=6&*&%F,'*4d,"%*96"],%*?,#*'%&6#(
F#])%*%(*F0&-6()%*-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*f*56,'%*4d,"%*5%&(6#"%*50"F,'#0"*46"'*9%'*%'=&#('E
50"F,'#0"*'6$6--%"(*%"(&%(%",%*=6&*9d0==&%''%,&*:0,50(*D*F6,(H#9*'%*-%((&%*6,g*-0('*%"
@QQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j* #"]* k* 0,* 50"(#",%&* f* 5&0#&%* 46"'* 9d6$%"#&* 4%* 96* 8%,9%* f* 5)4#99%* h* M0,'* 6==6&(#%"(H%99%
%"50&%*h*K'(H#9*$&6#-%"(*&%"(6>9%*4%*96*50""6w(&%*h*I6w(&#'%&*=6&F6#(%-%"(*9%*>0,50(#"]*%(*9%
=6&9#"]\=6&9%>#"]*=&0=&%*f*,"%*%"(&%=&#'%*?,#*'%&6#(*>0,50(#?,%-%"(*-0"4#69#')%*"%*'%&6#(H
#9*=6'*=&)F)&6>9%*h
O)=&)5#)%* =6&* '%'* ,(#9#'6(%,&'* -l-%'E* #9* /* 6* 40"5* 50--%* 4,* F90,* 6&(#'(#?,%* %(* 4%
9d#-=&)5#'#0"*46"'*9d,(#9#'6(#0"*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*%(*4%'*=&0$%&>%'*4%*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%*D*0"
=0,&&6*%"*&#&%*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*'#*4&s9%*c*#9*/*6*50--%*,"%*=%&(%E*,"%*4)=%&4#(#0"*D
0"*"%*'6#(*=9,'*$&6#-%"(*5%*?,d0"*4#(E*0"*"%*'6#(*=9,'*5%*?,%*=6&9%&*$%,(*4#&%E*0"*=%&4*9%
96"]6]%* [%(* 9d%'=&#(* ?,#* $6* 6$%5E* 9%'* $69%,&'E* 9%* '%"'E* 9d3#'(0#&%E* 9%* =6'')E* 9%'* &%=.&%'E* 9%'
'(&,5(,&%'E* 9%'* (&64#(#0"'^* D* (%9* %'(* ,"* 4%'* 6,(&%'* %FF%('E* =9,'* =%&$%&'E* =9,'* 6->#],E* 4%* 96
(%53"#?,%*9#(()&6#&%*4%*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*(%99%*?,d,(#9#')%*=6&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
OKOKRK&,*&-#1(%&T&d*0#/
O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*=#.5%*(&.'*=&053%*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*0"*&%(&0,$%&6
(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*9%*530,*[?,d0"*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*6''#-#9%&*f*,"*j*=96(*4%*=6,$&%*k^
46"'*j*F6#&%*530,H>r,F*k*?,#*&%-=965%*3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*j*F6#&%*530,H>96"5*k*[=S*1XU^*c
j*46"'*k*&%-=965%*5,&#%,'%-%"(*j*'0,'*k*46"'*j*5%((%*>6]6(%99%*"%*'%*(&0,$%*=6'*46"'
9%* '6>0(* 4d,"* 53%$69* k* [=S* 1@@* c* j* =#9%* k* &%-=965%* #-=&0=&%-%"(* j* -#99%* k* 46"'* j* <9%#"
46"'* 9d=#9%* k* [=S* QAV^* c* j* ]69#5%'* k* &%-=965%* -/'()&#%,'%-%"(* j* -69#5%'* k* 46"'* j* '65* f
]69#5%'*k*[=S*1XL^*c*j*(&0"5*k*&%-=965%*=09#-%"(*j*50"*k*46"'*j*=%#"(&%'*f*96*(&0"5*k*[=S
QAQ^*c*j*F#99%*kE*%"F#"E*&%-=965%*(&#$#69%-%"(*j*53#%""%*k*46"'*j*53#%"*4%*-6*F#99%*k*[=S*@U1^S
+6*:#>9%*'%&6*#"4#&%5(%-%"(*50"5%&")%*=6&*96*',=&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*=,#'?,%*9%*"0-*4%*9d,"
4%'*4#%,g*%"*>0#'*?,d%99%*-%"(#0""%*&%-=965%&6*)&,4#(%-%"(*9%*$056>9%*j*536&>0"*k*46"'
j*'0,(%*f*O6]0"*k*[=S*1WV^S
K"*=6''6"(*f*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*"0,'*'%&0"'*(0,(*f*50,=*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*'z&*4%*"0,'
4%$6"(*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*50--%*j*'%*(6#&%*9%*'%&&,&%*%(*96*'=%&-%*k*[=S*QQL^*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*=%,(H
l(&%*&6==&053%&*4%*j*F6#&%*5%#"(,&%*%(*'#9%"5%*k*[=S*QQL^*f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*?,#*6,&6#(*=&0"0"5)
'%'*$r,g*[536'(%()E*%(5^*0,*j*2,*56,'%'*9%'*F&6"5'*50--%*=6'*,"*k*[=S*X@V^*?,#*'%*'#(,%
%"(&%*j*2,*6'*$&6#-%"(*9%*'%"'*4%'*6FF6#&%'*k*0,*j*2,*=6&9%*64-#&6>9%-%"(*9%*F&6"b6#'*k*[5%
?,#*"%*&%$#%"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*6,*-l-%^S*<0,&*4#&%*6,(&%-%"(*j*50,&#&*f*(0,(%*$#(%''%*kE*0"
50""6#''6#(*4)Cf*j*=&%"4&%*9%'*C6->%'*f*'0"*50,*k*[%(*9%*j*F6#&%*F%,*4%'*4%,g*F,'%6,g*k*4%
:&6''%"'^*-6#'*$0#5#*?,%*`SMS*'%->9%*=&0=0'%&*j*C6->%&*f*(0,(%*$6'%*k*[5FS*j*B09*%(*+0,>0"
C6->%"(*f*(0,(%*$6'%*k*c*=S*W@1^S
O%*-6"#.&%*=9,'*5%&(6#"%E*96*$%#"%*'%&6*&6>%96#'#%""%*46"'*j*9d6$0#&*46"'*9dFz(*k*[+SIS*c
=S* QXX^* ?,#* '#]"69%* ?,d0"* %'(* 96* $#5(#-%* )"%&$)%* 4d,"%* j* $#96#"%* F0,&>65#()* k* %(* j* N0"]%
-0"*C0"5*k*[+SIS*c*=S*WQ1^*?,#*=0,&&6#(*'%*(&64,#&%*46"'*,"*96"]6]%*?,%*&#]0,&%,'%-%"(
9d,"#$%&'#()*"0,'*4)F%"4&6#(*4d,(#9#'%&*#5#S*O6"'*j*Cd6#*-69*6,*>z*k*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S
QAXÊ*96*$%#"%*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%*&6>%96#'#%""%S*20,C0,&'*46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AB
96*=#%&&%*(0->69%*4%$#%"4&6*j*F&0"(69%*k*[=S*QAQ^*%(*9%*j*")6"(*k*'%&6*&6==&053)*4%*j*>)6"(*k
46"'*j*>)6"(*%(*")6"(*k*[=S*@UU^*50--%*j*(,)*k*4%*j*3,)*k*46"'*j*(,)*%(*3,)*k*[=S*LL^S
K"F#"E*j*5&#>9)*4%*4%((%'*k*4%$#%"(*j*5&#>9)*4d%&&%,&'*k*[=S*1X@^S
+%*=&05)4)*%'(*f*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&6==&053%&*4%*9dfH=%,H=&.'E*40"(*0"*6*4%,g*%g%-=9%'
'#]"#F#56(#F'*46"'*4&'L+IM7)&'(&/'%.)9:&/',*j*,"*(6'*4d>&l53#>&l530*k*[OSOS+SZSE*=S*QX^*?,#
'%->9%*,"*&%(&6$6#9*4%*j*=&l53#H=&l536*k*%(*j*9d6=','*f*-#9*'%"'*k*[OSOS+SZSE*=S*QT^*?,#*)$0?,%
$6],%-%"(*96*5)9.>&%*j*$69'%*f*-#99%*(%-='*kS
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*96*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*"d6*=6'*4#(*'0"*4%&"#%&*-0(*c*%99%
'%&6*"0(6--%"(*-#'%*f*50"(&#>,(#0"*46"'*j*"%*-%*&%'(%*?,%*-%'*/%,g*=0,&*90,53%&*k*[=S
@QW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
L1^* ?,#* 40""%* 9d#-=&%''#0"* 4%* &%"F0&5%&* 9%* '%"'* 4%* 9d%g=&%''#0"* #"#(#69%* [9%* -693%,&* )(6"(
50--%*655%"(,)*=6&*9%*'(&6>#'-%*%"*?,%'(#0"Ê*46"'*j*4%'5%"4&%*f*(0,(%*$69'%*k*[=S*VQ^
?,#*F6#(*=&%'?,%*)530*6,*j*C6->%&*f*(0,(%*$6'%*k*5#()*=9,'*36,(*-6#'*6,''#*46"'*j*&0"]%&*'0"
=9%#"*k*[=S*@WX^*?,#*&%''%->9%*f*j*N0"]%*-0"*C0"5*k*%(*f*j*&0"]%&*'0"*F&%#"*kS*O6"'*j*4&0#(
50--%*,"*0'*k*[=S*@Q1Ê*0"*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*&%"'%#]")*',&*9%'*0&#]#"%'*%(*96*"6(,&%*=&0F0"4%
4,*j*#*k*q*56&*4%*j*#*k*f*(&)=6'E*#9*"d/*6*?,d,"*=6'*50--%*4%*j*,*k*f*4#6*%(*4%*j,(*k*f*j*O#%,*kS
!"*4)'%'=0#&*[9#)*f*9d%"4&0#(*0o*9d0"*36>#(%*h*7*'0"*=&0=&%*50&='*h^*'%->9%*'d%g=&#-%&
50-#?,%-%"(*46"'*j*C%*$%,g*$#4%&*-%'*9#%,g*k*[=S*LTÊ*-6"#.&%*#"6((%"4,%*4%*4#&%*9%*4)'#&
4d)$6'#0"S*j*7$0#&*9%'*6550&4)6,g*46"'*9%'*'%6,g*k*[=S*11T^*)?,#$6,(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*j*6$0#&
9%*-0&69*f*u)&0*k*%(*j*>0#&%*C,'?,df*96*]96'*k*[=S*@T@Ê*f*j*>0#&%*96*50,=%*C,'?,df*96*9#%*kS
B%((%*"0#&5%,&*H*?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*"%*4#'*=6'*40""%&*9%*C0,&*-6#'*40""%&*96
",#(*k*[=S*W1^H*"d%g59,(*C6-6#'*9%*50-#?,%*56&*#5#*(0,'*9%'*&%]#'(&%'*'%*5s(0#%"(*c*5d%'(*6#"'#
?,d0"*=0,&&6*(0->%&*',&*,"%*%g=&%''#0"*#"50"]&,%*50--%*j*|&6-%"%&}*4%,g*F%''%'*f*96
&6#'0"*k*[=S*VX^*?,#*)$0?,%*$6],%-%"(*j*&6-%"%&*?,%9?,d,"*f*96*&6#'0"*k*%(*j*&6-%"%&*'6
F&6#'%*f*96*-6#'0"*k*%(*?,#E*50--%*j*"d%"*F6#&%*?,df*'6*'0#F*k*[=S*LTÊ*-)96"]%*9d0&]6"#?,%
[96*'0#FE*9%'*F%''%'^*f*9d#"(%99%5(*[96*(l(%E*96*&6#'0"^S*7,(&%'*56'*f*'#]"69%&*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&
:.';$&*D*9%*j*I0"(*P&6"4*k*[=S*1QW^*?,#*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*j*I0"(*:96"5*k*[0,*9d6FF%5(,%,g*j*I0"
]&6"4*k^*%(*9%'*j*,'*%(*9%'*0&%#99%('*k*[=S*1WQÊ*j*50,(,-%'*k*'6,(6"(S*7*96*=6]%*@WWE*0"*6,&6
9d%"(6-%*=6&04#?,%*4d,"%*F6>9%*#")4#(%*D*j*O%,g*9)u6&4'*6/6"(*)()*|t}kS
+6*-)=&#'%*96*=9,'*(%&&#>9%*%(*96*=9,'*4&s9%*56,')%*=6&*,"%*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*'%&6
=%,(Hl(&%*96*',#$6"(%*D*j*!"*C0,&"69#'(%*6""0"b6"(*96*'0&(#%*4,*B0"'%#9*4%'*I#"#'(&%'E*F0,&536
%(*6""0"b6*=6&*%&&%,&*96*'0&(#%*4,*5%&5,%#9*k*[OS`SE*=S*11L^*c*96*50"')?,%"5%*"%*'%*F%&6*=6'
6((%"4&%*D*j*+%'*-#"#'(&%'*'%*&,.&%"(*6,''#(s(*',&*9,#*%(*9,#*50,=.&%"(*96*(l(%*kS*O%*-l-%
[$(&?*=0,&*j*4)=l53%u*k*\*k*4)=%5%&kÊ*j*'d%g)5,(%&*k*[=0,&*F6#&%\%"(&%=&%"4&%*?,%9?,%
530'%E*,"%*65(#0"^*=0,&&6*l(&%*=&#'*6,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%*D*5d%'(*9%*56'*4%*9dJ0--%*4%*!"E*?,#
"d6&&#$6"(*=6'*f*j*|'d36>#(,%&}*f*$#$&%*46"'*,"*50&='*k*[OS`SE*=S*1XTÊ*=6''%*4%*96*j*$#%*f*96
(&.=%*k*%"*'d%g)5,(6"(*%"*%FF%(S
6'*987).)$9E*0"*'6#(*?,%*9%*F6,g*=6'*%'(*f*9d0&#]#"%*4%*5%&(6#"'*]p(%6,g*%(*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
=0,&?,0#*j*9%*>0,96"]%&*N0>%(*F,(*65?,#(()*k*[OS`SE*=S*1WL^*c*>&%FE*,"*=%,*50--%*=0,&*,"%
5&.-%*&%"$%&')%E*%&&%,&*%(*&%"$%&'%-%"(*=%,$%"(*6,''#*6$0#&*4%'*50"')?,%"5%'*=0'#(#$%'
%(*96*56(6'(0=3%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*6,*&%"4%u*$0,'*"#*9%*=#&%E*(0,C0,&'*'z&*[=0,&*5#(%&*B96,4%9^D
(0,(*=%,(*(0,C0,&'*'%*&%"$%&'%&E*46"'*,"*'%"'*50--%*46"'*,"*6,(&%S
OKOKUK&J#1)2)&'%&)2)%
O6"'*9%'*=#.5%'*?,#*',#$%"(*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0"*6,&6*>%6,50,=*4d6,(&%'*',==&%''#0"'H
64C0"5(#0"'*6/6"(*f*$0#&*6$%5*,"*5%&(6#"*3,-0,&*"0#&*-6#'*5%96*"%*50"5%&"%*5%&(6#"%-%"(
=6'*(0,(%'*9%'*%g=&%''#0"'*6#"'#*0>(%",%'*D*6#"'#E*j*'d%"*9)53%&*9%'*>6>#"%'*k*4%$#%"(*j*'d%"
F&0((%&*9%'*9#==%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*T@Ê*9%*j*]6&b0"*4d)(6]%*k*4%$#%"(*9%*j*]6&b0"*4d)=0?,%*k*[`SaSE
=S*QTÊ*9%*j*=%(#(*=09#''0"*k*4%$#%"(*j*-0"*=d(#(*<09/=30"*k*[;SRSE*=S*LQ^*%(*%"F#"*96*j*u0"%*4%
"0"H9#%,*k*4%$#%"(*96*j*u0"%*4%*"0"H4#(*k*[(&6"'F0&-6(#0"*(/=#?,%-%"(*"0$6&#"#%""%^S
<0,&(6"(* 40"5E* 9d3,-0,&* "0#&* &%'(%* 0-"#=&)'%"(* c* 46"'* F&* /#$/* =6&* %g%-=9%E* 0"* "%
=6&9%&6*=6'E*50--%*9%*j*F0,*536"(6"(*kE*4%*96*j*-%&*?,d0"*$0#(*46"'%&*k*"#*4%*'%'*j*&%F9%('
536"]%6"('*k*-6#'*=9,(s(*4%*96*j*',&F65%*4%*96*-0&(*k*[=S*@@A^S*;"*6,&6*6,''#*,"%*'0&(%
4%*&)=0"'%*%(*4%*=%"46"(*6,*j*5&#*)(6#(*=&%'?,%*=6&F6#(*k*4d796#"*:6'3,"]*6$%5*j*+%*5&#-%
"d6*=6'*%"50&%*)()*=0,'')*k*4%*96*=6]%*@UQS*a,6"(*f*96*$6"#()\$65,#()*4%'*j*530'%'*4%*5%
-0"4%*kE*9d#4)%*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*&%(&6$6#9*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*+%'*C%,g
'0"(*F6#('*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*+%'*C%,g*'0"(*5&%,g*k*f*96*=6]%*QW*4%*F&'/#$/S
@QX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*#9*F%&6*(0,(*6,''#*'0->&%*D*j*9%*(6&4*'%*F#(*k*[=S*LLÊ*j*C%
$0/6#'*(0,(*4d,"*$#96#"*C0,&*k*[=S*LAÊ*%g=&%''#0"*46"'*96?,%99%*j*$#96#"*C0,&*k*&%-=965%*=%,(H
l(&%*j*-6,$6#'*r#9*k*0,*j*'69%*r#9*kS*;"*"%*=6&9%&6*=6'*4d,"*C0,&*'6"'*=6#"*"#*F#"*f*56,'%
4%*96*F6#-*-6#'*4d,"%*j*",#(*'6"'*=6#"*k*[=S*LX^S*K"F#"E*f*9dj6$%",%*4,*(%-='*?,#*=#6#99%*kE*0"
6((%"4&6*'0"*3%,&%*[=S*1L^*%(*9%'*j*9#%,g*4,*5&p"%*k*[=S*LV^*"0,'*&6==%99%&0"(*4d6,(6"(*=9,'
9%'*9#%,g*4,*5&#-%*?,%*j*P09]0(36*kE*&6==%90"'H9%E*'#]"#F#6#(*j*5&p"%*kS
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&B*j*869%*(%-='*m*k*'d6==9#?,%*'6"'*40,(%*f*5%9,#*?,#*=6''%S*45$8/7.87
E.7.:*4%*a,%"%6,*4%$#%"4&6*j*(&6"536"(*k*53%u*M0$6&#"6*[8SE*=S*@T@^*%(*9%*j*-6'?,%*4%
F%&*kE*,"*j*-6'?,%*4%*536#&*k*[8SE*=S*@ALÊ*5%*-6'?,%*4)'#]"6"(*'6"'*40,(%*9%*$#'6]%*=6&
&6==0&(*6,*5&p"%E*?,#*'%&6#(*96*(l(%*$)&#(6>9%S*K"F#"E*0"*"%*'%&6*=6'*j*&6')*4%*F&6#'*k*-6#'*>%9
%(*>#%"*j*5&,5#F#)*4%*F&6#'*k*[8SE*=S*@TUÊ*j*2,%H9%*m*k*)(6"(*&6==&053)*4%*j*26#'H9%*m*k*[=S*@Q@^S
+d3,-0,&*"0#&*&%'(%*40"5*,"%*50"'(6"(%*%(*=0,&(6"(*,"*-0,$%-%"(*4%*>696"5#%&*(&.'
"0$6&#"#%"*6==0&(%&6*(0,C0,&'*4,*"%,F*%(*4%*9d%'=0#&*c*6#"'#E*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*9%
-0(*j*F&6#'*k*6""0"5%*4%'*j*F&,#('*k*[=S*WX^*%(E*46"'*4.*K*G8&E*9%*$%#99#*j*;,#H46*k*'%*(&0,$%
5056''%-%"(*&6C%,"#*46"'*j*;,#Hu.4%*k*[=S*@VÊ*9%*j*u.>&%*k*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"S*<9,'*'#]"#F#56(#F*D
46"'*j*+%*2&.'*>6'*"d%'(*=6'*k*[GS8SE*=S*LVÊ*0"*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*50-=&%"4&%*?,%*5d%'(
9%*j*(&)=6'*k*?,#*"d%'(*=6'*[9%*j*2&.'*>6'*k*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9dJ64.'*4%'*6"5#%"'^*c*$,%*6#"'#E
j*+%*2&.'H>6'*"d%'(*=6'*k*'%&6#(*,"%*%g=&%''#0"*f*&6==&053%&*4%*j*+%*2&)=6'*"d%'(*=6'*k
%(*40"5*4%*j*+6*-0&(*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#%*kS
B%96*4#(E*-0&(E*"0#&5%,&*%(*-0&>#4#()*"%*'0"(*C6-6#'*(&.'*90#"*%(*=%,$%"(*&%',&]#&*f*(0,(
-0-%"(S*Bd%'(*6#"'#*?,%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*"%*=6'*l(&%*4,*>0#'*40"(*0"*F6#(*9%'*F9z(%'*k*4%$#%"(
-6"#F%'(%-%"(* j* l(&%* %"* 0'* 40"(* 0"* F6#(* 9%'* -0&('* k* [;SNSE* =S* XQ^S* a,6"(* 6,* -0-%"(* 0o
#9*'d6]#&6*4%*j*?,#((%&*#5#H>6'*kE*#9*'%&6*)$6'#$%-%"(*=&)'%"()*50--%*9%*-0-%"(*0o*j*9d#5#
4%*9d30--%*'d%"*$6*=6&*9fH>6'*k*[;SNSE*=S*QV^S*<9,'*50"5&.(%-%"(*%(*=9,'*6>&,=(%-%"(E*0"
=6&9%&6*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*4%*j|4%$%"#&}*4%'*=96"53%'*k*[=S*XT^S
O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*[=S*QWÊ*,"%*405(0&%''%*4%$#%"(*,"%*j*4090&%''%*k*q*5%
?,#*)$0?,%*5%&(%'*,"*=&)"0-*3#'=6"#?,%*-6#'*6,''#*96*40,9%,&*?,%*96*405(0&%''%\4090&%''%
[O090&%'* h^* =0,&&6#(* "0,'* #"F9#]%&S* <9,'* 90#"* 46"'* 96* -l-%* r,$&%* [=S* LAÊ* ,"* #"?,#)(6"(
]9#''%-%"(* -)(0"/-#?,%* -%(* %"* =&)'%"5%* ,"* jJ0?,%(%,&* k* %(* ,"* j* O05(%,&kSx* 6,&6#(H#9
40"5*4,*I09#.&%*[?,#*(0,(%*'6*$#%*'%*-0?,6*4%'*-)4%5#"'^*53%u*9d6,(%,&*4%*F&'/#$/*h*a,0#
?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*f*9d3%,&%*4%*-0,&#&E*0"*"%*j*9.],%*=6'*'0"*50&='*f*96*'5#%"5%*k*-6#'E*(0,C0,&'
46"'*N9#/*"#$*+.=$7&O*:&*7&?%/E*0"*j*9.],%*|'6}*$#%*%(*(0,(%'*|'%'}*-6964#%'*f*96*-)4%5#"%*k
%(*0"*j*0FF&%*96*'6"()*f*96*-6964#%*k*[=S*1T^*D*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*?,%*"0(&%*j*>0""%*)(0#9%*k
)(6#(*4%$%",%*,"%*j*-6,$6#'%*)(0#9%H)(0#90{4%*k*[`SaSE*=S*WW^S*a,6"(*6,g*'65'H=0,>%99%'E*#9'
'%*(&6"'F0&-%"(*-)4#)$69%-%"(*%"*j*'65'H0,>9#%((%'*k*[GS8SE*=S*TU^S
OKRK&J#1)&1/&)E%/"<*/(%5%/(&"#5231%&'%&$*&$*/01%&%(&&'%&$*&$2((E)*(1)%
OKRKOK&[&Gj%/(25%/(-H&"#$#)E-&\&%(&[&)%--%/(25%/(-&(%/1-&%/&$*2--%&\
8#E*50--%*0"*9d6*$,E*%99%*=%,(*699%&*4%*=6#&*6$%5*,"*5%&(6#"*3,-0,&*"0#&E*96*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"
4%* -0('* %(* 4d%g=&%''#0"'* =%,(* 6,''#* '%* &)$)9%&* (0,(* f* F6#(* =0)(#?,%* c* 6#"'#E* 96* F0&-,9%
=96(%*%(*50"$%",%*?,#*590(*'0,$%"(*,"%*9%((&%*64-#"#'(&6(#$%*4%$#%"(*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&',
j* 8#]")* _* |t}* $0,'* =&)'%"(6"(E* I0"'#%,&* 9%* 4#&%5(%,&E* 9d%g=&%''#0"* 4%* -%'* '%"(#-%"('
5090&)'*k*[=S*TU^S*<&0F#(0"'*4%*5%(*%g%-=9%*'#]"#F#56(#F*=0,&*'0,9#]"%&*f*"0,$%6,*9%*$)&#(6>9%
=0(653#'-%*"0$6&#"#%"*c*5d%'(*?,%*4%$6"(*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*(0,&",&%'E*4%*=3&6'%'*5&%,'%'
[5FS*j*'%"(#-%"('*4#'(#"],)'*kE*%(5S^*%(*,9(&6H50"$%"(#0""%99%'*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%E*%"*F#9#]&6"%E*(0,(%
,"%*9#(()&6(,&%*=0,''#$%*%(*=6&%''%,'%*?,#*"%*'%*&%-%((&6#(*=9,'*$&6#-%"(*%"*?,%'(#0"E*6,&6#(
@QT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
96#'')*(0->%&*9d6$%"(,&%*%(*"%*(%"(%&6#(*=9,'*&#%"Ê*9d6,(%,&*'%->9%*(0,(*'#-=9%-%"(*"0,'*4#&%*D
8(0=*m*%(*D*%''6/0"'*40"5*4%*(&0,$%&*6,(&%*530'%E*'#*5d%'(*=0''#>9%S
B%((%*&%-#'%*%"*?,%'(#0"*?,d#-=9#?,%*5%*(&6$6#9*4%*&)%"536"(%-%"(*4,*96"]6]%*[%(*4%*96
9#(()&6(,&%^*"d6*&#%"*4d6,'(.&%*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*j*M#"#*=%6,*4d53#%"*k*4%$#%"(*j*:#>#*=%6,*4d-#*k
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*VL^*q*%(E*4d6#99%,&'E*j*M#"#%(u'53%*=%6,*4d53#%"*kE*53%u*`%&3%]]%"S
a,6"(*6,*j*53#%"*4%*-6*53#%""%*kE*#9*4%$#%"(*9%*j*53#%"*4%*96*536#&*k*[;SRSE*=S*WU^*?,#*',#(*9%
50&='*50--%*,"%*0->&%E*'6"'*40,(%*46"'*9d%'=0#&*4d,"%*&)50-=%"'%S*80,$%"(*#50"0596'(%E
9%* =&05)4)* (&.'* &#53%* 4%* =0''#>#9#()'* =6&04#?,%'* ?,%* 50"'(#(,%* 96* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"
=0,&&6*%"50&%*=%&-%((&%*4%*&%$#'#(%&*96*:0""%*<6&09%E*%(*5%*4,*(0,(*6,*(0,(*D*j*753%$%uH$0,'
9%'*,"'*9%'*6,(&%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*1L1^S
7,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*=,#')'*b6*%(*9f*D*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*0"*"d6,&6*=6'*6FF6#&%
f*,"*j*]6&4%*>6&&#.&%*k*-6#'*f*,"*j*(0&53%H>6&&#.&%*k*[=S*QAU^*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*f*O#%,*j*-6#'
f*+0,#'%*k*?,d0"*j*|0FF&#&6*'0"}*50&='*k*[=S*1LT^S*O6"'*F&'/#$/*5%*?,#*&%'(%*4d,"*j*=6,$&%
3.&%*k*"d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,d,"*j*=6,$&%*&%'(%*k*[=S*@LV^S*O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&[=S
QLÊ*5%*"%*'0"(*=6'*9%'*53#%"'*-6#'*9%'*j*&%''%"(#-%"('*k*?,#*'0"(*j*(%",'*%"*96#''%*k*[%(
0"*=0,&&6*(&0,$%&*5%((%*=09#(#?,%*%g5%99%"(%^S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*9%*&%4&%''%,&*4%
(0&('*4%$#%"(*j*9d)=6"4%,&*4%*(0&('*k*[=S*@X^*c*4%*-l-%E*0"*"%*4%-6"4%&6*=6'*'0"*&%'(%*-6#'
['#5^* 0"* 9%* j* |=%"'%&6}* k* [=S* TTÊ* 0"* "%* >6#]"%&6* =6'* 46"'* '0"* C,'* -6#'* 0"* j* |-6&#"%&6}
46"'*,"%*'0,=%*4%*4)(&%''%*k*[=S*UXÊ*0"*"%*$%&'%&6*=6'*4%'*96&-%'*4%*5&0504#9%*-6#'*4%'
j*96&-%'*4d6&(#536,(*k*[=S*@AU^*%(*0"*"%*=%#]"%&6*=6'*96*]#&6F%*-6#'*0"*j*|6''0--%&6}*9d0,&'
>96"5*k*[=S*@A@^S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*0"*"%*F&#'%&6*=6'*9%*&#4#5,9%*D*0"*'%&6*j*590,)*k*=6&*9,#*[=S*@1U^S
7,*9#%,*4%*e&%(0,&"%*f*(%'*=#"5%6,ge*[0,*4de055,=%H(0#*4%*(%'*]0,653%'eÊ*0"*96"5%&6*j*$6
=%#"4&%*m*k*[=S*V^*-6#'*5d%'(*=9,'*,"*50"'%#9*?,d,"%*#"C,&%*%(*9%*+0,#'*?,#*=%#"(*4%'*=6]%'
VH@AH@@* 9%* ',#$&6* 4d6#99%,&'* 6$%5* F&,#('* f* 96* 59)E* '%'* r,$&%'* 'd#"(#(,96"(* j* B36=%9%('* 4%* 96
$#(%''%*kE*j*M/-=3%'*4,*="%,*kE*j*<96#'#&'*4d6'#9%*kE*%(5S*a,6"(*6,*e4)5&053%uH-0#*b6eE*#9
4%$#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*-6#'0"*4,*j*'0,=.'%H5%5#*k*%(*=0,&*eC,'?,df*=0#"(*4d3%,&%eE*9d%g=&%''#0"
'%*536"]%*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*%"*j*C,'?,df*=0#"(*4d30--%*k*f*96*=6]%*@TXS
OKRKRK&h#55%bX9#1-&$%-&1/-&$%-&*1()%O6"'*4.'K*G8&E*9d,(#9#'6(#0"*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*-04,'*-0&#%"4#*k*[=S*QL^*=0,&&6*',&=&%"4&%E
?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*50,&6"(%*?,%*j*-04,'*$#$%"4#*k*0,*j*-04,'*0=)&6"4#*kS
O6"'*j*I6"]%*=0,&*>0#&%*(6*'0#F*k*[8SE*=S*@TXÊ*0"*=0,&&6*50"'#4)&%&*?,d0"*%"(%"4*,"*=%,
j*=0#&%*=0,&*96*'0#F*k*D*>&%FE*f*536?,%*F0#'E*0"*%"(%"4*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*,"%*6,(&%*%g=&%''#0"
[?,#*%'(*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%*5653)%*4%&&#.&%^*-6#'*5%*"d%'(*C6-6#'*(0,(*f*F6#(*5%99%H9f*?,#*"0,'
F#"69%-%"(*=&0=0')%*[>#%"*?,d0"*'%"(%*50"F,')-%"(*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*9d6,(&%^D*#9*/*6*(0,C0,&'
,"*)56&(*%(*,"*&%(&6$6#9*%(*5d%'(*6,''#E*f*536?,%*F0#'E*,"*&%F,'*4,*9#%,*50--,"*$0#&%*,"*4)>6(\
50->6(*6$%5*96*j*8%,9%*f*B)4#99%*kS
O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#' ^%(* -l-%* 46"'' 45C8;&)/' (&' :5&/%)$7E* =S* QA* D* j* I646-%* P,/0"
6$6"5%*ef*:#>9%*0,$%&(%e*kÊ*0"*&%"50"(&%*%"50&%*4%*"0,$%6,g*56'*D*j*Z&6"5%*N,=(,&%*k*[=S
TQÊ*j*6((%"(6(*'0,'*i*k*[=S*@AAÊ*j*+d6$%"#&*%'(*46"'*9%*F&,#(*k*[=S*U1Ê*j*#9'*'d30--%"(*9%'
,"'*9%'*6,(&%'*[=S*WQÊ*j*!"%*F0#'*C%()*9d30--%*6$%5*9d%6,*4,*>6#"*k*[=S*TAÊ*j*&#-%&*6$%5*96
%(*%"F#"*j*|&6'%&}*9%*'09*k*[=S*@@V^*6,*9#%,*['6"'*40,(%^*4%*j*&6'%&*9%'*-,&'*k*H*?,6"(*6,*j*-,&
4,*'0"*kE*#9*4%$#%"(*5%9,#*4%*96*j*',&4#()*k*[=S*@@T^
<0,&(6"(E* 5d%'(* =%,(Hl(&%* 46"'* F&' /#$/* ?,d0"* (&0,$%&6* 9%'* %g=&%''#0"'* 9%'* =9,'
(&0,>96"(%'*c*6#"'#*[=S*QXÊ*e-%((&%*96*536&&,%*6$6"(*9%'*>r,F'e*4%$#%"(*j*l(&%*%"*536&&,%
6$6"(*9%'*>r,F'*k*D*f*'0#*4%*'d6-,'%&*%(*4%*'%*-0"(&%&*,"*=%,*5&)6(#F*%"*%''6/6"(*4%*(&0,$%&
@QU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
5%*?,%*5%96*=0,&&6#(*>#%"*$0,90#&*4#&%*D*9f*%'(*96*>%6,()*4%*9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6*?,#*96#''%
0,$%&(%'E*=0''#>9%'*(0,(%'*9%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*c*#5#*jl(&%*%"*536&&,%*k*',]].&%*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%
#-=9#56(#0"*%(*,"*%-=&%''%-%"(*%"50&%*=9,'*]&6"4'*4%*96*=6&(*4%*5%9,#*?,#E*f*9d#"'(6&*4%*'0"
50,'#"*?,#**$%"4*96*=%6,*4%*9d0,&'*6$6"(*4%*9d6$0#&*(,)E*-%(*96*536&&,%*6$6"(*9%'*>r,F'S
20,C0,&'* 46"'* F&' /#$/* [=S* U@Ê* #9* %'(* 4#(* D* j* (0,(* 5%* ?,#* -%* 569-"#6#(* -d)"%&$&#996#(* 6,
=0#"(*9%*=9,'*36,(*kS*;"*=%,(*',==0'%&*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*6$%5*j*'d)"%&$&#99%&*k*4%$6"(*,"
-0(H$69#'%*%g=&%''#F*?,#*-l9%*9%*$%&>%*j*'d)"%&$%&*k*f*j*6$0#&*9%'*"%&F'*%"*$&#99%'*k*c*?,6"(
f*j*'%*569-"#%&*kE*'d#9*)$0?,%*9%*569-%E*#9*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*)]69%-%"(*f*&6==&053%&*4,*$%&>%
j*5690-"#%&*kE*40"(*9%*'%"'E*=9,'*")]6(#FE*=0,&&6#(*%g=9#?,%&*j*9d)"%&$&#99%-%"(*k*4,*j*C%*kS
O6"'*j*Gd6#*-%'*40'%'E*Cd6#*-%'*40'%'*m*k*4%*F&'/#$/*[=S*1AXÊ*f*=%,(Hl(&%*&6==&053%&*4%
j*I%'*]6]%'*m*I%'*]6]%'*m*k*[%(*4%*j*I%'*>6],%'*m*I%'*>6],%'*m*kÊ*#9*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(
?,%'(#0"*4%*(0g#50-6"#%*-6#'*4d%"*6$0#&*'6*40'%E*6''%uE*-6&&%E*&6'*9%*>09E*%(5S
O6"'*,"%*6,(&%*'5."%*4%*F&'/#$/*%(*'6"'*?,d0"*=,#''%*$&6#-%"(*=6&9%&*4%*',==&%''#0"H
64C0"5(#0"*4d,"*(%&-%E*#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*&6==&053%-%"(*['#]"#F#6"(^*4%*-0('*f*F6#&%E*-6#'
40"(* "0,'* "%* '0--%'* =6'* 6>'09,-%"(* 'z&* D* j* !"* ]&6"4* 7&>&%* (0,(* %"* >0#'* )(6#(* 9fE* f
"0,'*0FF&#&*'6*=&0g#-#()E*C%*9,#*4#'*4d6$6"5%&*-6#'*#9*"d%"*F#(*&#%"E*,"*]&6"4*-)9.u%*(0,(*%"
'6=#"E*?,#*"0,'*F6#'6#(*=%,&*%"*"0,'*(%"46"(*9%'*>&6'*kS*[=S*1AA^S*K"50&%*,"%*F0#'E*#9*'d6]#(
4d,"%*3/=0(3.'%*-6#'*#9*'%*=%,(*?,%*9%*-0(*j*-)9.u%*k*'0#(*',>'(#(,)*'/->09#?,%-%"(*%(
=0)(#?,%-%"(*f*9d6&]0(#?,%*j*>696#'%*k*[=6&F0#'*-l-%*0&(30]&6=3#)*e>69.u%e^*?,#*&%"$%&&6#(
4#&%5(%-%"(*6,*56&65(.&%*-6''#F*%(*#-=0'6"(*4%*5%*j*]&6"4*7&>&%*(0,(*%"*>0#'*k*q*9d6>',&4%
j*]&6"4*-)9.u%*(0,(*%"*'6=#"*k*=0,$6"(*%"*%FF%(E*)(6"(*40"")%*'0"*3,-6"#'6(#0"*[5FS*j*"0,'
0FF&#&*kE*j*4#&%*4d6$6"5%&*kE*j*"0,'*(%"46"(*9%'*>&6'*kÊ*)$0?,%&*,"*]&6"4*>696#'%*(0,(*%"
-,'59%'S*a,6"(*6,*j*>0"30--%*4%*(%&&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1AV^*%(*"0"*4%*"%#]%E*#9*&%"$0#%*=%,(H
l(&%*6,g*0&#]#"%'*4%*9d30--%*$0#&%*6,*C%,*4%*-0(*j*30--%*4%*(%&&%\=0--%*4%*(%&&%*k*H*?,%
9d0"*(&0,$%&6*4d6#99%,&'*6,''#*[=&%,$%*?,d#9*/*6,&6#(*4)5#4)-%"(*>%6,50,=*4d%"F6"5%*46"'*5%'
=#.5%'*h^*46"'*96*(&64,5(#0"*F&6"b6#'%*4,*<98'V)9/'VI.87*=&)5)4%--%"(*5#()%S
R5#E*50--%*0"*9%*$0#(E*9%*=&05)4)*%'(*,(#9#')*4d,"%*-6"#.&%*=%,(Hl(&%*-0#"'*6&>#(&6#&%
?,%*"%*9%*F#(*26&4#%,*46"'*'6*=#.5%*W8'?97'%9#)'#8'.#7)&*q*-l-%*'#*5%*4%&"#%&E*50--%
M0$6&#"6E*'%*'%&(*4%*-0,9%'*50"",'*50--%*5%9,#*4,*=&0$%&>%*D*j*K(*'#*Cd6C0,(6#'*-0"*>&#"
4%*-#9*f*5%*(0,56"*h*73E*63*m*-0"*53%&S*j*2%9*?,#*&0,9%*&64#'E*=%&$%"53%*=.9%&6*m*k*M%*40#'H
C%*=6'*6C0,(%&*?,%*9d0"*$0,'*&%"50"(&%*9%*'6>&%*]9#'')*46"'*9%'*536->&6"9%'*4%*96*]&6"4%
Z)40&6*h*k*+d%FF%(*4d#"50"]&,#()*6>'09,*0>(%",*=6&*26&4#%,*6,&6#(*(0,(*6,''#*>#%"*=,*9dl(&%
=6&*9%*=&05)4)*0,9#=#%"*4,*8*…*US*I6#'E*4)5#4)-%"(E*5%96*"d6*&#%"*f*$0#&*6$%5*9d#"50"]&,#()
"0$6&#"#%""%S
OKUK&dE")%(-&"#5231%R5#E*?,6"4*0"*-%(*,"*-0(*f*96*=965%*4d,"*6,(&%E*0"*%'(*=6&F0#'*=&)$%",*c*5d%'(*9%*56'*46"''4.
>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[==S*W@XHW@T^*0o*9%*-0(*&%-=96b6"(*"%*$%,(*4d6#99%,&'*&#%"*4#&%*D
Liste des noms : non « la douleur » mais la dadleu, non « la joie » mais la oyive
[…], non plus « l’attente » mais ouaouate ; non plus « avancer » mais jujondre ;
non plus « le sujet » mais rujulphe » […] ; non plus « la victoire » mais le dodlifru
[…] ; non plus « l’exactitude » mais la oubre […].
6'%)$9)$*40"5E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*%"*F&6"b6#'E*5%'*-0('*"%*$%,9%"(*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"*4#&%*%(*5%=%"46"(
0"*=0,&&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*&6==&053%&*j*5696-0"*kE*=0,&*=6(#%"5%E*4%*5%99%*?,d#9*F6,(*6$0#&*=0,&
=&6(#?,%&*96*5699#]&6=3#%E*j*$#&(%*kE*=0,&*j*50,&6]%*kE*4,*96(#"*j*$#&(,'*kE*-6#'*?,#*"d6*=6'
F0&5)-%"(*(0,(*f*F6#(*5%*'%"'S*O%*-l-%E*6$%5*9%*j*>0"#6''0"*kE*=0,&*-6&>&%E*0"*=%,(*>0"#&
4%'*4699%'*4%*5%&5,%#9S*O6"'*j*0,#90$&%*kE*=0,&*6-0,&E*#9*/*50--%*,"*0,#*f*9d0]&%*+0$%S*+%
@QL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
j*>,#'*kE*=0,&*F6]0(E*%"*50"(%"6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*4)Cf*,"E*50--%*,"*F6]0(*%"*=,#''6"5%S*j*+d,'%H
>l(%*kE*=0,&*-)96"509#%E*4)'#]"%*4%*F6#(*,"%*4%'*-6964#%'*9%'*=9,'*,'6"(%'*?,#*'0#%"(*=0,&
+d7"#-69*4,*(%-='S
B%((%*-6"#.&%*=6&(#5,9#.&%*4%*4)50-=0'%&*9%'*-0('E*',&(0,(*=0,&*j*0,#*f*9d0]&%*+0$%*k
&%C0#"(*,"*=%,*"0(&%*4)-6&53%*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%*-0(H$69#'%*%(*96*=)&#=3&6'%*F90,%*%(
=0,&&6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*&6==%9%&*[%"*-0#"'*&),''#*'6"'*40,(%^*9%*F6-%,g*V:9//.$)&*4%*+%#&#'
[5FS*D*j*7564)-#%*D*-65646-*=0,&*9%'*-#(%'*kE*j*Z&6"5%*D*F0,(&%*&6"5%*kE*j*O)-05&6(#%*D
4%-#H5&0((%*4%'*6''#'*k*%(E*=9,'*=0)(#?,%*j*K9)=36"(*D*%9F%*%"F9)*k^S
Bd%'(* ?,df* "0(&%* (0,&* 40"5E* "0,'* %''6/0"'* "0,'H6,''#* 4%* j* 9#&%* 9%'* -0('* '0,'
9%'* -0('* kE* F,''%"(H#9'* #"50-=&)3%"'#>9%'* .' %)$9)$E* 50--%* 53%u* M0$6&#"6S* 7* 9d0556'#0"
4%* 5%* &6==&053%-%"(* 6$%5* 9%* j* ]90''6#&%* 0,* 9d0"* '%&&%* '%'* ]90'%'* kE* &6==%90"'* 9d#4)%
?,d,"*)$%"(,%9*O#5(#0""6#&%*[=6(6=3/'#?,%^*"0$6&#"#%"\F&6"b6#'*%(*F&6"b6#'\"0$6&#"#%"*'%&6#(
%"$#'6]%6>9%*[=9,'*90#"E*"0,'*%"*=0'%&0"'*4d6#99%,&'*9%'*=&09)]0-."%'^*D*0"*9%*F#(*=0,&*9%'
=%&'0""6]%'*4%*a,%"%6,*%(*=0,&*9d6&]0(*4d,"*86"*7"(0"#0*D*=0,&?,0#*=6'*=0,&*96*F6"(6'(#?,%
")090]#%*"0$6&#"#%""%*h*+d6-,'6"(*%'(*?,%E*$%&'*96*F#"*4%*5%((%*9#'(%*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&
[=S*W@TÊ*9%*C%,*'d#"$%&'%*c*0"*=&%"4*4%'*-0('*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%'E*4%'*j*-0('H'=3#"gE*?,d0"
&%-=965%* =6&* 4%'* -0('* %g#'(6"('* %"* F&6"b6#'E* %(* -l-%* 6''%u* 50--,"'* D* j* M0"* =9,'* 9%
e>69653,e* -6#'* 9%* (6>0,&%(E* "0"* =9,'* e9%* ,590((%e* -6#'* 9d%'569#%&* kS* Il-%* '#* 5%&(6#"'* 4%
5%'* ")090]#'-%'* /* '%&0"(* &%=&#'* [5FS* j* 4649%,* kE* j* 5696-0"* kE* j* (%-=#'(&%* kÊ* #9* /* 6,&6
4d6,(&%'*4)5&%('*4%*5%*(/=%*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*D*9%*-6&>&%*40#(*l(&%*4#(*9%
j*>0"#F6''0"*k*[%(*"0"*9%*j*>0"#6''0"*kE*50--%*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&Ê*96*=%"46#'0"E
9%*j*C,]%-%"(*'%&=%"(#"*kE*%(5S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*1Q1Ê*6,*50,&'*4d,"%*')6"5%*4%*9d7564)-#%*4%'*85#%"5%'E
9%* -0"(* :96"5* %'(* 6&>#(&6#&%-%"(* &%>6=(#')* j* I0"(* Z%5#%9* %(* 8#-=9#5#%"* k* q* 6#99%,&'E* 0"
=6&9%&6* 4,* j* I0"(* M0#&* k* %(* -l-%* 4,* j* I0"(* P&6"4* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1QW^* c* >&%FE* #5#* 50--%
6#99%,&'E*(0,(*'%*&%"0--%*%(*'%*&%>6=(#'%*(&.'*F65#9%-%"(E*96*=6&09%*=%&F0&-6(#$%*"0$6&#"#%""%
'd6==9#?,6"(*f*(0,(*%(*f*"d#-=0&(%*?,0#S*B%96*4#(E*46"'*F&'/#$/*[==S*@VAH@V@H@V1Ê*9%*<&0=3.(%
F%&6*4%'*=&0-%''%'*?,d#9*6,&6*=%,(Hl(&%*4,*-69*f*(%"#&D*j*G%*40""%&6#*9d0&4&%*6,*$056>,96#&%
4%*"%*=9,'*F&6/%&*6$%5*96*]&6--6#&%*kE*%(5S*O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*0"*4)5&.(%
=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(*?,djf*9d6,(0-0>#9%*',55.4%*96*?,64&#-0>#9%E*f*96*9,]%*9%*$#(6'50=%E*6,
&0>0("/9E* 9%* 'n#4,&F%E* 6,* >&040"* 9%* '(6&(#"]E* 6,* F&6"b6#'* 9d6$6990"* k* =,#'* 96* ')&#%* 50"(#",%
%"50&%*,"*=%,*%(*0"*=0,&&6*(&0,$%&*96*53,(%*(&0,>96"(%*D*j*9%*50&='*&%-=965%*96*-0&(*k*[=S
UA^S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&*%"F#"*[=S*@WXÊ*0"*=6''%&6*j*4,*5s()*0o*96*$)&#(6>9%*50,9%,&*>9%,%*%'(
%"F#"*&0,]%*k*D
[…] je nomme ijaune le faux vert, iviolet le noir foncé et le violet violet non-violet ;
et je dis au langage de rester de l’autre côté d’ici. Et à ceux de l’autre côté : mots
d’outre-part, nommez les véritables choses dans le véritable espace et faites
enfin arriver ici la tête de l’homme tête en bas !
:&%FE*%"50&%*,"%*F0#'E*5d%'(*,"*&%"$%&'%-%"(*(0(69*[5FS*j*(l(%*%"*>6'*k^*?,#*'%->9%*=&)50"#')S
TQ
;"* 6* ,"* =%,* 9d)?,#$69%"(* 53%u* 26&4#%, * )5&#$6"(* 46"'* '0"* =&)6->,9%* 4dW8' ?97' %9#)' #8
.#7)&*D
Les mots n’ont, par eux mêmes, d’autres sens que ceux qu’il nous plaît de leur
attribuer. Car enfin, si nous décidons ensemble que le cri du chien sera nommé
hennissement et aboiement celui du cheval, demain nous entendrons les chiens
hennir et tous les chevaux aboyer .
TQ
* *+%*=6''6]%*%'(*)]69%-%"(*5#()*=6&*+/4#%*<6&#''%*46"'*'0"*0,$&6]%*4.'r'%.)9:&*7)9#I&']S*<&*Z&77E*L.)($&#E*P9;.)$8.E*+%((&%'
-04%&"%'*I#"6&4E*Z9%,&/H',&H;&"%E*1AALE*=S*TUS
@QV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
B3%u*M0$6&#"6E*5%96*$6*=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%*=9,'*90#"*D*0"*'%->9%*$0,90#&*-%((&%*9%*96"]6]%
f* 4#'(6"5%E* =6&(#&* 6#99%,&'* ]&65%* f* 9,#E* =6''%&* f* 6,(&%* 530'%* %(* 655)4%&* f* ,"%* "0,$%99%
4#-%"'#0"*$0#&%*-0"(&%&*4%'*-6&(#%"'*',&*'5."%E*50--,"#?,%&*6$%5*O#%,*%(*=6&9%&*4%*5%96
?,%*9d0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*4#&%S*7,(&%*=#'(%*=0''#>9%*D*5%'*4)5&%('*6&>#(&6#&%'*0"(*,"*5s()*=%&F0&-6(#F
?,#*"d%'(*=6'*'6"'*)$0?,%&*96*B&)6(#0"*4#$#"%*q*%(*#9*F6,4&6*&%$%"#&*',&*5%(*6'=%5(*4%'*530'%'S
OKVK&D$$#/0%5%/(-&'P%Q:)%--2#/R9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*9%*=&05)4)*6550&4)0"#?,%*[$0#&*5#H6$6"(^*"%*50"5%&"%*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*9%'
-0('*-6#'*)]69%-%"(*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*50--%*j*f*3,%*%(*f*4#6*k*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*f*3,%*f*4#6
f*-#6*k*[`SaSE*=S*1V^S*R9*/*6*6,''#*4%'*'0&(%'*4dfH=%,H=&.'*0,*4%*-)96"]%'*,"*=%,*6>',&4%'
4%*-0('*%(*4d%g=&%''#0"'*'%*&%''%->96"(*[0,*=6'^*c*6#"'#*D*j*G%*9,#*=965%*9%'*=0#"('*',&*9%'
!E*'6"'*=6&%"(3.'%'*%(*6,*(%-='*$0,9,S*k*[7S*`SE*=S*LVÊ*j*O%*u#]*f*4#6*f*36"4#56=*3,%*f
3#%E*Cd50,&6#'*",99%*=6&(*k*[`SaSE*=S*XLÊ*j*4%H=6&H$0,'H=6&-#H"0,'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@11Ê*j*%(*f
9d#"$%&'%*$#5%*H$%&'6*k*[GS8SE*=S*TT^S
7*96*=6]%*1AQ*4%*F&'/#$/E*0"*')=6&%&6*j*(03,*k*4%*j*>03,*k*%(*9%'*4%,g*(%&-%'*'%&0"(
690&'*,"*=%,*,(#9#')'*50--%*j*4d,"*50()*k*%(*j*4%*9d6,(&%*k*[$0#&%*j*f*3,%*k*%(*j*f*4#6*k^*D
j*K(*6#"'#*-0"*5/59%*'d655)9)&6#(E*536?,%*(%&&%*-6#"(%"6"(*6996"(*(03,*%(*96*',#$6"(%*>03,%
=9,'* >6'* k* S* 20,C0,&'* 46"'* F&' /#$/E* 0"* =0,&&6E* 4%,g* =6]%'* =9,'* 90#"E* $0#&* 9%* -0(* 6,(&%'\
6,(&,#['^*&6-%")*f*,"%*#"4#56(#0"*'=6(#69%E*])0]&6=3#?,%*[j*6#99%,&'*k*)(6"(*6>',&4%-%"(
6990"])*46"'*j*53%u*4%'*6#99%,&'*kE*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*9%'*j*6#99%,&'*k*)(6#(*,"*]&0,=%*3,-6#"E
,"%*'0&(%*4%*F6-#99%^*D*j*a,d#9*6#99%*|t}*53%u*4%'*6#99%,&'*?,%*"0,'*kS
K"F#"E* ?,#((%* f* 4)=96#&%* 6,g* 64-#&6(%,&'* 4%* 9d%-=%&%,&* &0-6#"E* M0$6&#"6* 4)=&)5#%* 96
5)9.>&%*=3&6'%*4%*B)'6&E*j*G%*',#'*$%",E*Cd6#*$,E*Cd6#*$6#"5,*kE*?,d#9*6990"]%*=0,&*%"*F6#&%*[$8
F&'/#$/^*j*Gd6#*&#%"*$0,9,*c*Cd6#*&#%"*$,E*Cd6#*&#%"*=,E*Cd6#*&#%"*F,'E*Cd6#*&#%"*)(,'*kS*6'**987).)$9E*0"
4#'6#(*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*1WQ^*j*Cd6#*(0,(*$,E*Cd6#*(0,(*$#6"4,*kE*F6b0"*"0$6&#"#%""%
4%*4#&%*j*Cd6#*(0,(*$,E*(0,(*9,E*(0,(*>,*kS
+d%g=&%''#0"*k*&%'(%&*%"*56&6F%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@UT^*%'(*4)50-=0')%*50--%*',#(*D*j*0"
&%'(%*9f*m*73*m*96*56&6F%*k*c*4%*-l-%E*e=6&*4%$%&'*'0#e*'d6990"]%*%(*'%*50-=9#?,%*46"'*j*?,%
"%*9%*]6&4%uH$0,'*4%H=6&H$0,'H=6&-#H$0,'*f*40,>9%*(0,&*k*[;SNSE*=S*@11^S*;"*-,9(#=9#%&6
9%'*5,#99.&%'*f*=0(*[690&'*?,%*4%,g*',FF#'6#%"(*46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*0&#]#"69%^*=0,&*%g=9#?,%&*9%'
&.]9%'*4d,"*C%,*-/'()&#%,g*?,%*9d0"*j*|C0,%}*%"*W*D*6$%5*4%'*50,='*4%*W*5,#99%&'*f*=0(*k*[;SRSE
=S*1V^*%(*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*XAÊ*0"*6990"]%*e96*50,=%*%'(*=9%#"%e*%"*j*+6*50,=%*4,
(%-='*%'(*=9%#"%*k*[=S*WL^*c*'#*%99%*"%*9d%'(*=6'E*#9*F6,(*6((%"4&%*?,d%99%*9%*'0#(*=,#'*j*|96*>0#&%}
'6"'*(6&4%&*k*[=S*XA^*D*5%((%*50,=%*%'=)&)%*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*P&669*4,*2%-='S
+d6990"]%-%"(E* "0,'* /* &%$#%"4&0"'E* "d%'(* >#%"* 'z&* =6'* 96* '%,9%* -0469#()* 4%
(&6"'F0&-6(#0"* D* 9%'* 4%,g* -0('* 4d,"%* %g=&%''#0"* =0,&&0"(* l(&%* #"(%&$%&(#'* D* j* %"* =%&(%
=,&%*k*[GS8SE*=S*T1^*c*=6&F0#'E*,"*-0(*%'(*6C0,()E*?,#*536"]%*9%*'%"'*4d,"%*%g=&%''#0"E*?,#*%"
4%$#%"(*6>',&4%*[j*'%*&%]6&4%&*46"'*4%*96*]965%*k^*c*=6&F0#'E*5d%'(*,"%*9%((&%*D*j*8#*$0,'*%"
6$69%u*96*=%#"%*k*c*=6&F0#'*5d%'(*,"%*'/996>%*0,*,"*6C0,(*50--%*j*69*k*46"'*9%'*j*6>69,'*4%
&#%"'*>056,g*k*[8SE*=S*@WLÊ*9%'*6>,'*[4%*>#%"'*'05#6,g^*40""6"(*#5#*4%'*3699,'*q*4%*-l-%E
5d%'(*=9,(s(*9d*j*6>0"46"5%*4%*'%#"'*k*[7S`SE*=S*1W^*?,#*"%*",#(*=6'E*%(5SE*%(5S
OKcK&;E$%-"#:*0%-&%(&%Q:)%--2#/-&5E$*/0E%-&:#1)&/P%/&4*2)%&31P1/%
B0--%*53%u*a,%"%6,*[5FS*j*a,%'(#0"*50,',%*4%*F#9*f*96*=6((%*kÊ*#9*=%,(*%"50&%*64$%"#&
?,%*4%,g*%g=&%''#0"'*'0#%"(*6''05#)%'*=0,&*"d%"*F6#&%*?,d,"%S*7#"'#*46"'*j*O099/E*5d%'(*9,#
96*=0,(&%*D*5d%'(*f*(0#*4%*=6'*C%(%&*4%*96*=6#99%*',&*9%*F%,*k*[ZSE*=S*XLAÊ*96*=6&6>09%*>#>9#?,%*4%
@WA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
96*=0,(&%*%(*4%*96*=6#99%*%'(*50--%*F0"4,%E*-)96"])%*6$%5*j*-%((&%*4%*9d3,#9%*',&*9%*F%,*kS
8,&*9%*-l-%*=&#"5#=%E*"0(0"'*=l9%H-l9%*D
« liste a savoir sur le pouce » » : savoir sur le bout des doigts + manger sur le
pouce « passer de la vie à la trèpe » : passer de vie à trépas + passer à la trappe
« vêtu aux as » : vêtu comme l’as de pique + plein aux as
O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*j*9%'*-,&'*0"(*4%'*0&%#99%'*k*%(*j*9%'*56&0((%'*'0"(*5,#(%'*k*'%
&%(&0,$%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*9%'*3s=#(69'*0"(*9%'*0&%#99%'*5,#(%'*k*[=S*QLQ^S*O6"'*4&
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*96*j*90"],%*&,%*k*4%*96*=6]%*Q@U*%'(*,"%*=0''#>9%*=)&#=3&6'%*=0,&
j* $#%* k* [-6#'* j* 90"],%* $,%* k* "d%'(* =6'* 90#"* "0"* =9,'^S* O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&' [=S* TUÊ* 0"
6''05#%*j*]&6#"*4%*'%9*k*%(*j*'%9*4%*96*(%&&%*k*%(*5%96*40""%&6*j*]&6#"*4%*'%9*4%*96*(%&&%*kS
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*j*"%*=6'*6$0#&*9%'*/%,g*%"*F65%*4%'*(&0,'*k*%(*j*#9*"%*-%*&%'(%*?,%*-%'*/%,g
=0,&*=9%,&%&*k*0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*)()*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*50"'5#%--%"(*&%(&6$6#99)'*%"'%->9%*%(*5%((%
0=)&6(#0"* 96"]6]#.&%* =%&-%((&6* 96* 5&)6(#0"* #"'09#(%* 4dj/%,g* ?,#* "d0"(* =9,'* ?,%* 9%,&'* 4%,g
(&0,'*=0,&*=9%,&%&*k*[=S*XW^S*7*96*=6]%*TQ*0"*6''05#%*>#u6&&%-%"(*j*4#&%*k*%(*j*50,&6]%*k
46"'*j*4#'*50,&6]%*f*(0"*5%&$%6,*m*kE*=%"46"(*5)&)>&69*f*j*B0,&6]%*-6*=%,&*mk*%(*',&(0,(
f*j*80#'*'6]%*-0"*=6"5&)6'*mkS
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*0"*-%((&6*>0,(*f*>0,(*j*'%*>&z9%&*k*%(*j*>&z9%&*96*$#%*=6&
9%'*4%,g*>0,('*k*46"'*j*|'%}*>&z9%&*=6&*9%'*4%,g*>0,H0,H0,('*k*[=S*@QX^S*O)Cf*)$0?,)%'E*9%'
j*96&-%'*4d6&(#536,(*k*[;SRSE*=S*@AU^*'0"(*,"*=0''#>9%*&%(&6$6#9*4%'*96&-%'*4%*5&0504#9%*-6#'
&%"$0#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*f*96*]&0''%,&*4%'*96&-%'*?,d,"*5r,&*4d6&(#536,(*%'(*56=6>9%*4%
$%&'%&*c*4%*-l-%E*j*"%*&#%"*$690#&*k*%(*j*"%*&#%"*=%&4&%*=0,&*6((%"4&%*k*'%*&%(&0,$%"(*46"'
j*/*"%*$6,(*&#%"*=0,&*6((%"4&%*k*[=S*1X^S
O6"'*4.'K*G8&E*9%*=&05)4)*&%$#%"(*'0,$%"(*46"'*96*>0,53%*4%'*50-#?,%-%"(*(%&&#>9%'
[%(*(%&&#>9%-%"(*50-#?,%'^*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*$0#5#*=&6(#?,6"(*9d6-69]6-%*f*(0,(*$6*D*0"*(0&4*9%
96"]6]%*=0,&*#-=0'%&*%(*F6#&%*)-%&]%&*,"%*"0,$%99%*F0&-%*4%*=%"')%*,"#?,%*-6#'*9d#"(%"(#0"
"%*'%&6*=6'*(0,C0,&'*=6&04#?,%*%(*4)"0"5#6(&#5%*56&*9%*()9%'50=6]%*4d%g=&%''#0"'*=0,&&6
6,''#E* f* 9d0556'#0"E* '%* &)$)9%&* =0)(#?,%* D* 0"* 6,&6* f* 96* =6]%* @Q@* 9d6>',&4%* j* ',#$%u* 96
=0&(%*k*[',#$%u*96*F9.53%*…*=&%"%u*96*=0&(%^*%(*[=S*@AU^*j*536"]%&*-6*$#%*4d)=6,9%*k*[536"]%&
4%*$#%*…*536"]%&*-0"*F,'#9*4d)=6,9%^S*<0,&*j*50,=%&*6,*50,(%6,*k*%(*j*)=&0,$%&*4%*9d%"",#*kE
9%'*%g=&%''#0"'*'%*-l9%"(*=0,&*6>0,(#&*f*j*Cd)=&0,$%*,"*%"",#*f*50,=%&*6,*50,(%6,*k*[=S*QL^S
O%* -l-%E* 96* ',&]#''6"(%* I653#"%* f* 4#&%* 96* ',#(%* 6''05#%* 6>',&4%-%"(* j* =9%,&%&* f
536,4%'*96&-%'*k*%(*j*$%&'%&*4%'*96&-%'*4%*5&0504#9%*k*%(*5%96*4)>0,53%*',&*9d)$056(#0"
36,(%-%"(*=6&640g69%*4d,"%*j*B&0504#9%*%"*53%F*k*?,#*j*'d%'596FF%*f*536,4%'*96&-%'*k*[8S*c
=S*QA^S*O6"'*j*"#*f*$#5%*f*$%&'%*k*[=S*TAÊ*0"*6*,"*&%(&6$6#9*4%*j*$#5%H$%&'6*k*%(*4djf*$%&'%*kE
#5#*6''05#)'*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*'#H(6"(H?,%H'0#(H?,%*F6#&%H'%H=%,(*k*0o*'%*()9%'50=%"(*j*'#*F6#&%
'%*=%,(*k*[0,*j*6,(6"(*?,%*F6#&%*'%*=%,(*k^*%(*j*6,(6"(*?,%*5%*'0#(*k*[0,*j*'#*(6"(*%'(*?,%*k^S
7*96*=6]%*@AUE*0"*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*j*=6''%&*96*-6#"*k*%(*j*=6''%&*9d6&-%*f*]6,53%*k
46"'*j*,"%*F0#'*=6'')*-6#"*]6,53%*k*q*%(*0"*=0,&&6*%'(#-%&*?,%*96*-6#"*6,*=6"#%&*-%(*9%'
=#%4'*46"'*9%*=96(*46"'*j*|-%((&%}*96*-6#"*46"'*9%*=96(*k*[=S*UL^S*B056''%-%"(*&%(&6$6#99)%E
9d%g=&%''#0"* j* 2,%&* 46"'* 9dr,F* k* 'd6==9#?,%&6* f* 96* j* '0946(%'?,%* 64$%&'%* k* ?,#* '%* $0#(
j* )&64#?,)%* |t}* 46"'* 9dr,F* 4,* $%"(&%* %"50&%* F)50"4* 4%* 96* >l(%* #--0"4%* k* [=S* @QQÊ
=&090"]%-%"(*?,d0"*=0,&&6*(&0,$%&*#"6((%"4,*[5FS*j*r,F*4,*$%"(&%*k^S*7,(&%*$6&#6(#0"*f*=6&(#&
4%*j*(,%&[\)(0,FF%&^*46"'*9dr,F*k*D*j*;,#E*96*>6&>6&#%*'%&6*%"F#"*46"'*9dr,F*)(0,FF)%*f*"0'
=0&(%'S*k*[=S*@QQ^S
O6"'*j*J0--%E*(,*%'*F6#(*50--%*,"*&6(E*F6#('*%(*]%'(%'*D*(,*%'*F6#(*4%*&%'(%'*k*[8SE*=S*@WXÊ
0"*6*4%'*%FF%('*4%*&#-%'*%(*4d)530*[j*F6#(\F6#(\F6#(*k*%(*j*]%'(%\&%'(%*kÊ*,"*&6==&053%-%"(
j*F6#('*%(*]%'(%'*k\k*F6#(*50--%*,"*&6(*k*%(*,"%*=0''#>9%*699,'#0"*f*96*=0,''#.&%*0&#]#"%99%
@W@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
[j* F#"#&* 9%'* &%'(%'* k* %(* j* 4%-6"4%&* '0"* &%'(%* k* &%9%$6"(* =9,(s(* 4%* 9d%'536(090]#%^S* O6"'
j*>,$0"'*6,t*'d50,&'*kE*5d%'(*50--%*6,*'%50,&'*?,%*9d0"*(&#"?,%*[8SE*=S*WAÊ*j*>0#&%*f*|t}k
%(*j7,*'%50,&'*mk*)(6"(*-#'*%"*=&)'%"5%S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*%"F#"E*#9*'%->9%*?,d0"*&6==&053%*j*I0&(*0o*%'(*(6*$#5(0#&%*hk*4%
j*Fl(%&*,"%*$#5(0#&%*k*%(*4%*j*=)(%&*=9,'*36,(*?,%*'0"*5,9*k*46"'*j*;*-0&(E*"%*=.(%*=6'
'#*36,(*(6*$#5(0#&%*k*5%=%"46"(*?,d6''05#)'E*j*(0,&"%&*9%'*(690"'*k*%(*j*(0,&"%&*'%=(*F0#'*'6
96"],%*46"'*'6*>0,53%*k*6>0,(#''%"(*=0)(#?,%"(*f*j*(0,&"%&*|t}*9%'*(690"'*46"'*'0"*(,>%*4%
96"]6]%*kS*;"*6*6,''#*9%*56'*[=S*QW^*4%'*j*#--%,>9%'*",-)&0()'*=6#&*%(*-6"?,%*k*#-6]#")'
f*=6&(#&*4d,"%*%g=&%''#0"*?,d0"*,(#9#'%*46"'*9%'*56'#"0'S
N%"$0/0"'* =0,&* F#"#&* f* "0(&%* =6&(#%* ',&* 9%'* =&0$%&>%'* 56&* 9f* 6,''#E* 0"* =&6(#?,%* 9%
()9%'50=6]%*q*5%*?,%*9%'*0,9#=#%"'*6==%99%"(*j*=%&$%&>%'*kE*56'*#"()&%''6"(*4%*-0(H$69#'%
[9%*-0(H$69#'%*)(6"(*,"%*6,(&%*-0469#()*4,*()9%'50=6]%^S
OKqK&L%1Q&'%&5#(-&%/&(#1-&0%/)%O6"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* =0,&* 50--%"5%&E* 0"* 96"5%* f* 9d,"* 4%'* =9,'
=&%'(#]#%,g*53%$69#%&'*4%*96*26>9%*&0"4%*,"*'#"],9#%&*4)F#*?,%*-l-%*9dJ%&5,9%*6,g*4#g*(&6$6,g
"d6,&6#(*=,*&%9%$%&*D*j*+6"5%90(E*?,d%99%*4#(*q*7'=#&%*F&6"53%-%"(*(0,(%*9d%6,*4%'*965'*k*[=S
@TU^S*O6"'*j*+053*4%*<053%*4%*+0?,%*<%&5)%*k*[#"*OS7SÊ*0"*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*4d)50''6#'%'
[5FS*j*+053*kE*50--%*j*+053*M%''*k^*=053%'*=%&5)%'S
;"* '%* F%&6* '~#F(#%"* 46"'* 9%* &6==&053%-%"(* j* (6''%* k* \* k* =&)5#=#5%* kE* 9d6FF#&-6(#0"
j*!"%*(6''%*%'(*,"*=&)5#=#5%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QWQ^*&%"$0/6"(*f*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*4#'=&0=0&(#0"*4%
$056>,96#&%*?,%*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*40""%&*6,''#*9d#-6]%*?,)"#%""%*4%*j*=6&0#*4d,"%*(6''%
f*56F)*k*q*9%'*-0('*j*=6&0#*k*[5FS*&053%,'%^*%(*',&(0,(*j*=&)5#=#5%*k*'d6==9#?,6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'
"6(,&%99%-%"(*f*4%'*F696#'%'*?,df*4%'*&)5#=#%"('*4%*5%*(/=%*[-6#'*96*530'%*%'(*4#'5,(6>9%^S
O6"'*j*+6*(6''%*%'(*=9%#"%*kE*0"*"d655%=(%*=6'*4%*4#&%*?,%*5d%'(*96*50,=%*?,#*%'(*=9%#"%*56&
5%*'%&6#(*,"*9#%,*50--,"E*9%*C%,*4%*-0(*=%&-%((6"(*4%*F6#&%*4)&6#99%&*9%*(&6#"H(&6#"*96"]6]#%&S
<l9%H-l9%E*"0(0"'*4%'*C%,g*4%*-0('*4%*F65(,&%*=9,(s(*596''#?,%*50--%*j*8#*(,*9%*-%('
'0,'*59053%E*0"*"%*9d%"(%"4&6*=9,'*'0""%&*k*0,*%"50&%*j*8#.]%*4%*-6*=%"')%E*%'(H5%*',&*(0#
?,%*-6*=%"')%*%'(*6''#'%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@AL^*c*46"'*j*Bd%'(*,"%*9,"%*kE*0"*6*,"%*&)4,5(#0"*=%,
F96((%,'%*4d,"%*%g=&%''#0"*?,#*"%*9d)(6#(*4)Cf*],.&%S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*@AVÊ*0"
$%&&6*j*$%&&%*f*4%"('*k*46"'*j*=.&%*746-*kE*9%*4%"(#%&*)(6"(*9d6$%"#&*4%*9d30--%*0,*%"*(0,(
56'*,"%*)(6=%*"0(6>9%*6$6"(*9%'*$%&'*%(*9%'*=#''%"9#('S*7*96*=6]%*1VE*0"*#"$%"(%&6*96*"0(#0"*4%
j*=#%4*(%&&#%"*k*[5FS*j*O%=,#'*?,%*Cd6#*=#%4*',&*(%&&%E*Cd-d=&%"4'*96*$#%*46"'*'0"*=96"53%&*m*k^
%(*f*96*=6]%*@@VE*0"*6,&6*,"%*9#'(%*4%*(#(&%'*50-=0&(6"(*4%'*C%,g*4%*-0('*50--%*j*B36"'0"
4%'*F%"l(&%'*0,$%&(%'E*=6&*,"*0,>9#%,g*kE*j*B36"'0"*4,*'#9%"5%E*(,%*=6&*(0,(*9%*-0"4%*kE
j*B36"'0"*',#5#40"'E*536"()%*f*96*50&4%*k*%(*j*B36"'0"*f*&d53,(%'E*=6&*,"*&)5#4#$#'(%*kS
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'[=S*@QUÊ*0"*6==&%"4&6*?,%*j*96*5#()*4%'*(,9#=%'*$#%"(*4d)9#&%*'6
&0'#.&%*k*%(*0"*)$0?,%&6*,"%*-)=&#'%*[?,#*"d%"*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*,"%^*46"'*j*Cd6#*=&#'*=6&*96
6"'%*9%*>0"*405(%,&*<6"#%&*k*[=S*1W^S*O6"'*j*|9%'}*'6#"(H>%&"6&4*4%*9d6'=369(%*=6#%"(*4%*9%,&
=053%*$0'*(0""%6,g*k*[=S*UUÊ*96*j*=053%*k*=%&-%(*=%,(Hl(&%*4d)$0?,%&*96*$#%*4%*'6,$%(%,&'
[5FS*j*'6#"(H>%&"6&4*k^*0FF#5#6"(*',&*4%'*&0,(%'*[5FS*j*6'=369(%*k^*0o*9d695009*[5FS*j*(0""%6,g*k^
F6#(*4%'*$#5(#-%'*[j*(0""%6,g*k*)(6"(*6,''#*'/"0"/-%*4%*$#&6]%'*-69*")]05#)'*%(*4%*53,(%'
46"'*,"*&6$#"^S*+6*&)65(#0"*F65%*6,*-693%,&*=0,&&6*',&=&%"4&%*D*j*2)-0#"*4%*9d%g=90'#0"E
,"*&%'56=)*'6,(%*4%*C0#%*k*[=S*@QU^S
7*96*=6]%*@AU*4%*4.'K*G8&*E*0"*(0,&"%&6*3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*6,(0,&*4%*536-='*9%g#56,g
50"5%&"6"(* 9%* =#%4* [5FS* j* (0,&")* -%'* -099%('* ',&* 9%'* (690"'* kE* j* 536,'')* 9%* >6'* 4%* -6
536,'',&%*6,g*=#%4'*4%*-6*53%$#99%*k^S*7#99%,&'E*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*j*4)50"F#(,&%*4%*F&,#('*kE*4%
@W1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
j*F&,#('*#"%'=)&)'*kE*4d*k*6&>&%*'%5*k*%(*4%*j*50,=%*(&0=*=9%#"%*k*['6"'*40,(%*4%*F&,#('Ê*4%
j*=0--%*4%*4#'50&4%*kE*4%*j*50,=%&*96*=0#&%*%"*4%,g*k*%(E*=0,&*F#"#&E*4%*j*=0'%&*|t}*96*5%&#'%
',&*9%*]p(%6,*kE*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*')&#%*4%*-)(6=30&%'*',&&)69#'(%-%"(*6''05#)%'*D
0"*=&0F#(%*4%*96*j*=0--%*4%*4#'50&4%*=0,&*50,=%&*96*=0#&%*%"*4%,g*kE*%(5S*7*96*=6]%*@WAE
0"*4)5&#&6*96*j*-653#"%*f*4%'5%"4&%*f*96*56$%*k*50--%*j*|40""6"(}*4%*9d%6,*6,*-0,9#"*kE
%"50&%*,"*56'*>#u6&&%*4d%g=&%''#0"'*&6==&053)%'S
a,6"(*f*96*j*$#%#99%*$#6"4%*3,-6#"%*=9%#"%*4%*M0-'*kE*%99%*'%*(&0,$%*46"'*,"**j*F&#]0
|0,$&6"(}*',&*96*$#%*)(%&"%99%*k*[8SE*=S*1VÊ*5%*e&%5,%#9*&)5%=(65,96#&%e*#"6((%"4,*)(6"(*=%,(H
l(&%*,"%*-)(6=30&%*=0,&*96*:#>9%*6,g*-#99%*])")690]#%'S*7=&.'*9%'*>%99%'*-)(6=30&%'*F#9)%'
4%*2&#"#()*[j*G%*F6#'*-%'*65(#0"'*,"%*=6&*,"%*%(*C%*9%'*&6"]%*=6&*0&4&%*69=36>)(#?,%E*=,#'
C%*9%'*6]#'*4d7*f*_*c*=,#'*C%*4)F6#'*-%'*65(%'E*4d0-)]6*f*69=36*D*6#"'#*(#''6#'HC%*f*9d%"$%&'
9d)53%$%6,*-69*50,',*4%*-6*$#%*4)50"'(&,#(%S*kÊ*R'6{%*7"#-69*0==0'%*D*j*2,*F#9%'*,"*-6,$6#'
50(0"S*k*[=S*@T@^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*&%(&6$6#99%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*<0,&*(0,(*=0(6]%*k*[?,d0"
(&0,$%*53%u*N6>%96#'*%(*53%u*a,%"%6,^*%"*0=)&6"(*,"*&%"$%&'%-%"(*4)>0,536"(*',&*j*<0,&
(0,(%*-6*'0,=%*Cd6#*4,*=0(6]%H%*k*[=S*W@^S*K"F#"E*#9*6&&#$%E*-6#'*"0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'E*?,%*4%'
-0('E*6''05#)'E*40""%"(*9#%,*f*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*#"50"]&,%'*50--%*j*&,#''%96"(%*4%*&,'%*kE
j*K(%#]"%u*9%'*()-0#"'*m*kE*%(5S
OKoK&I/9%)-2#/-.&"#/()%:7(%)2%-&%(&[&*/*0)*55%-&:%/*1'%-&\
OKoKOK&J%)51(*(2#/-&'%-&0%/)%+f*%"50&%E*96*50&&%'=0"46"5%*%'(*=0''#>9%*6$%5*N6/-0"4*a,%"%6,*?,#E*46"'*K.::S'H.).
"0(6--%"(E*'d6-,'6#(*f*>&0,#99%&*9%'*56&(%'*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*'%g%'S*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/
=6&*%g%-=9%E*5%&(6#"%'*4%*"0'*36>#(,4%'*96"]6]#.&%'*'%*(&0,$%&0"(*50"(&6&#)%'*c*0"*6*5#H
6$6"(*)$0?,)*j*96*'=#&-%*kE*-6#'*#9*50"$#%"4&6#(*4d6C0,(%&*j*9dF)-%90"*k*[=S*WWAÊ*j*Bd%'(*,"
50?,#99%E*,"%*50?,#996]%*k*[=S*W@VÊ*j*G65(%*f*'0"*=053%*k*[=S*WVU^*0,*j*I0"(&%*(0"*C,=%*k*[=S
W1U^S* O6"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&E* '#]"690"'* D* j* -0"* F.5%* k* [=S* @LW^* %(* 46"'*4&' F.)($8' (&
)&*988.$//.8*&*D*j*(0"*$#%*k*[=S*QTÊ*?,#*50"F0"4*$#%*%(*$#(S*7,(&%*56'*(&0,>96"(*D*96*F)-#"#'6(#0"
4,*-0(*5646$&%*50--%*j*96*5646$&%*4%*-6*-.&%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@QW^
O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*#9*/*6E*9f*%"50&%E*50--%*,"%*#"4)5#'#0"*%"(&%*=&#"5#=%
-p9%* %(* =&#"5#=%* F%-%99%* =,#'?,%* 9%'* -p9%'* /* '0"(* 4%'* j* -l9%'* k* %(* 9%'* F%-%99%'* 4%'
j*F%-p99%'*kE*]%"&%'*)(&6"]%-%"(*6''05#)'*46"'*9%*-0(*50-=0')*j*-l9%'HF%-p99%'*k*[9%
(&6#(*4d,"#0"*6C0,(6"(*f*96*50"F,'#0"^S*;"*(0->%&6*)]69%-%"(*',&*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*50--%
j*'6*50-=.&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1UQ^*%(*j*J%"&#%((%*'0"*=.&%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1UQ^*%(*9d#"4)5#'#0"*'%
&%(&0,$%&6*4%*F6b0"*)596(6"(%*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0o*9d0"*4#&6*j*#9'H0,H%99%'*k*[=S
1WX^*%(*0o*9d0"*&%(&6$6#99%&6E*f*96*=6]%*WT@E*9%*]&0''#%&*j*'#*-6*(6"(%*%"*6$6#(*kE*96*50"F,'#0"
'd6==9#?,6"(*6,''#*6,g*9#%"'*4%*=6&%"()*D*j*I0"*0"59%*4#(*f*-6*(6"(%*D*ŠO#'E*%'H(,*-6*-.&%
0,*-6*'r,&*h*q*G%*"%*',#'*=6'*(6*-.&%E*C%*',#'*(6*'r,&S*q*;o*%'(*-6*-.&%*hdk*[j*Š2,*%'
-6*-.&%d*&)=0"4#(H%99%*k^S
TW
7"69/'6"(* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* M#5096'* 2&%->96/ * $0#(* ,"* j* "0-* -#&0#&* %(
3%&-6=3&04#(%* k* %(* &%"$0/6"(* f* ,"%* F0&-%* 4%* j* ")]6(#0"* '(&,5(,&%99%* k* 46"'* j* J%"&/
J%"&#%((%*k*%(E*4%*F6#(E*9%'*'(&,5(,&%'*'%g,%99%'*%(*96"]6]#.&%'*'0"(*50-#?,%-%"(*-#'%'*f
-69*=6&*9d6,(%,&*4,*O#'50,&'*?,#*%"*(0,536"(*f*96*96"],%E*$6*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*90#"*D*5d%'(*?,%
"0,'*'0--%'*50"5%&")'E*%"]90>)'*=6&*96*-04#F#56(#0"\-,(6(#0"*#5#*',>#%*=6&*(0,'*5%'*-0('
[=&)"0-'*=6&*%g%-=9%^*?,#*"0,'*4)'#]"%"(*4%=,#'*'#*90"](%-='*%"*"0,'*'0--6"(*4dl(&%
5%5#* 0,* 5%96* D* "%* '%&6#%"(H#9'* =0#"(* 564,5'E* 5%'* -0('* h* ;"(H#9'* %"50&%* ,"* '%"'* h* 7* ?,0#
TW
**M#5096'*2&%->96/E*j*O%'*-0&('*f*9d0&#]#"%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*@QQS
@WQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
50&&%'=0"4%"(H#9'*h*7,(6"(*4%*?,%'(#0"'*?,%*'%->9%*'%*=0'%&*9d6,(%,&*-%"6"(*',&*9%*',C%(
,"%*'0&(%*4%*&)F9%g#0"*',&*9%*'%g%*&%C0#]"6"(*=6&*-0-%"('*5%99%E*=9,'*4,&%*%(*=9,'*6,'(.&%E
4d,"*<#%&&%*P,/0(6(*[)5&#$6#"*?,d#9*&%'=%5(%*%(*6==&)5#%^S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*5d%'(*,"*=%,*9%*-l-%*56'*4%*F#],&%*6$%5*4%'*59#$6]%'*#")4#('
50--%* j* I#99%* k* \* j* F%-%99%* k* [=S* 1LVÊ* j* 30--%'* k* \* j* 30-%''%'* k* [=S* LW^* %(* ',&(0,(
j*-6'5,9#%""%*k*\*j*F)-#"#4%*k*[=S*UQ^S*;"*5&0#'%&6*6,''#*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&
[=S*W@Ê*0,(&%*j*746-%*k*[-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*j*9,#H%99%*k^*,"*j*30--%*?,#*%'(*%"*&)69#()
5%((%*F%--%*k*[-6#'*?,#*j*"d%'(*=9,'*%"*&)69#()*9d#"$%&'%*4%*5%9,#*f*?,#*%99%*=%"'6#(*=6&9%&*k^
%(*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[==S*@AAH@A@^*96*j*405(%,&%*40,>9%*/0,*BS*O,=0"(*kE*9%*j*'6]%H30--%
M0&>%&(*Z09?,%*kE*9%*j*'(&#=H(%6'%,&*G%6"H:%&"6&4*I0,(6&4#%&*kE*9%*j*=.&%*=0&(%,&*:)")4#5(
:0"4%9*k*%(*96*j*n#")'#(3)&6=%,(%''%*7'=6'#%*O,-0"(*kS
86"'*?,d#9*/*6#(*4%&&#.&%*(0,(*5%5#*[5d%'(*=9,'*=&0F0"4*?,%*5%96^*,"%*&)%99%*4#-%"'#0"*4%
&%$%"4#56(#0"*=09#(#?,%*[50"5%&"6"(*96*F)-#"#'6(#0"*4%'*"0-'*4%*-)(#%&'*=6&*%g%-=9%Ê*5%((%
#"4)5#'#0"*96"]6]#.&%*%(*'%g,%99%E*'0,$%"(*50-#?,%E*$6*46"'*9%*'%"'*4,*=&0C%(*"0$6&#"#%"*?,#
'%->9%*l(&%*4%*"0,'*4)'0&#%"(%&*=6&*(0,'*9%'*-0/%"'*=0''#>9%'*%(*#-6]#"6>9%'*['6"'*40,(%
=0,&*?,%*'0#(*50-=9.(%*9dj69%&(%*46"'*9%'*u0"%'*4%*:&056*k^*-6#'*50"(&%=%('*%(*6"6]&6--%'
=0,&&0"(*%"50&%*/*=6&$%"#&S
OKoKRK&C#/()%:%(-&%(&:*)*:7(%)2%+%*=&05)4)*4,*50"(&%=%(*'%->9%*?,6'#-%"(*=%&-%((&%*96*5&)6(#0"*4%*"0,$%6,g*=%&'0""6]%'
50--%*j*+dJ0--%*4%*86=9%*k*%(*9%*j*B6=#(6#"%*4%'*:%6,g*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@T^*H*9%*P6&4%*4%'
85%6,g*)(6"(*%"(&%H(%-='*4%$%",*B6=#(6#"%*%(*6FF%5()*6,g*j*<%6,g*k*['#5^S*7,(&%*j*50"(&%=%(
=%"6,4*k*[9d%g=&%''#0"*"d%'(*=6'*4%*"0,'^*4)>0,536"(*',&*,"*4,0*(0,(*6,''#*#-=&0>6>9%*D
5%9,#*4,*j*"%&]%"(*k\*j*b6=#(6#"%*k*46"'*D.:/7.E&*[=S*XVQ^S*8,&*9%*-l-%*=&#"5#=%E*0"*0>(#%"4&6
,"*"0,$%9*0>C%(*D*9%*j*'6>9#%&*4,*(6=%,&*k*[OS`SE*=S*@VA^S
O6"'* j* 40,&%* (,C0,&'* k* [+SISE* =S* W@QÊ* 9%* 50"(&%=%(* '%* 50"F0"4* 6$%5* 96* F6,(%* 4%
=&0"0"5#6(#0"*c*%(*46"'*j*R9*%"(&6*%(*'0&(6E*#9*%"(&#(*%(*'0&(#(*k*[OS`SE*=S*@XTÊ*0"*%'(*%"*=&)'%"5%
4d,"%* =3&6'%* ?,#* F6#(* '%* 5&0#'%&* F0&-%'* 50&&%5(%'* [%"(&6\'0&(#(^* %(* F0&-%'* F6,(#$%'* ['0&(6\
%"(&#(^S*O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*9%*50"(&%=%(*'%*F%&6*&6>%96#'#%"*D*j*8d#9*$0,'
=96w(E* 96* &,%* 4,* ?,6#* h* kS* O6"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&E* 0"* =6&(* 4%'* -0('* j* -04#'(%'* k* %(
j*(0,&"%,&*kE*0"*=%&-,(%*9%'*'/996>%'*%"*0,>9#6"(*9%*j*4*k*%(*5%96*40""%*,"*"0,$%6,*-)(#%&*D
j*-0(%,&H(0,&"#'(%*k*[=S*QAU^S
R9* "0,'* F6,(* %"50&%* 5#(%&* 4d6,(&%'* =%&-,(6(#0"'\&%"$%&'%-%"('* f* &6==&053%&* [46"'* 9%
=&#"5#=%^*4,*53#6'-%*%(\0,*4,*50"(&%=%(*D*0,(&%*9%*56'*4dk*,"*50?,#99%*k*\*j*,"%*50?,#996]%*k
)$0?,)*=&)5)4%--%"(E*0"*6,&6*%"*%FF%(*j*$#%"(H%(H$6*k*[OS7SE*=S*1ULÊ*j*$0#&*9%'*>0,('*k*\
j*-%((&%*9%'*(&0,'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@1XÊ*j*-6'()&0{4%'*k*\*j*6&',=#6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*@QUÊ*j*=96(#(,4%'
96(%'* k* \* j* 96(#(,4%'* =%,* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1XWÊ* j* B96,4%$#99%* k* \* j* `#99%596,4%* k* [`SaSE* =S* WQÊ
j*+d%'=65%*%'(*90,&4%*\*+0,&4%*%'(*9d%'=65%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@XÊ*j*]%"'*f*$#'6]%'*k*\*j*$#'6]%'*f
]%"'*k*[NSE*=S*@AQÊ*j*;,#*0,#*(&.'*5%&(6#"%-%"(*k*\*j*2&.'*5%&(6#"%-%"(*0,#*k*[7SRSE*=S*XV^*0,
j*a,d%'(H5%*?,%*(,*-6&53%'*=%"46"(*?,%*(,*=%"'%'*h*[7*RSE*=S*XA^S
K"*=9,'*4%'*50"(&%=%('E*0"*&%"50"(&%*6,''#*4%'*F0&-,96(#0"'*6>%&&6"(%'*0o*9d#"(%"(#0"
4%*9d6,(%,&*%'(*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*4%*(0,(*-%((&%*'%"'*4%'','*4%''0,'*50--%*46"'*9%*&/(3-)
j* B#%9* ',&* -%'* =6'E* (%&&%* '0,'* -6* (l(%E* &%(0,&"%u* 4d0o* $0,'* l(%'* k* [OS7SE* =S* Q@X^* %(* 9%
'%"'*50--,"*'%&6*%"50&%*=&#'*f*50"(&%H=#%4*46"'*4%'*=3&6'%'*50--%*j*+6*-0&(*"d%'(*=6'
$&6#%*kE*j*20,(*%'(*F6,g*kE*j*#9*"d/*6*=6'*4%*'09*'0,'*"0'*=#%4'*kE*%(5S
B6'*4%*F#],&%*=9,'*=&053%*4,*50"(&%=%(*D*9%'*F6-%,'%'*%(*9)]%"46#&%'*j*F0,&-#'*46"'
9%'*C6->%'*k*4%$#%"4&0"(*#-=&0=&%-%"(*4%'*j*C6->%'*4%*F0,&-#'*k*[OS7SE*=S*1WV^*%(*9d6-0,&E
@WW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
?,d0"* 4#(* =6&F0#'* 6$%,]9%E* %'(* #5#* 4#(* j* $0/6"(* k* [;SRSE* =S* @TV^S* O%* -l-%* j* ?,%9* 5360'* m
?,%9'* (0,&"6"('* m* k* '%* &%4#(* %"* j* ?,%9'* (0,&-%"('* m* ?,%9* 5360'* m* k* [;SRSE* =S* @@QÊ* C%,* 4%
=%&-,(6(#0"* 50"5%&"6"(* 5%((%* F0#'* =9,&#%9* %(* '#"],9#%&* q* -l-%* C%,* 46"'* j* :0"'30--%'
',FF#(*k*\*j*:0"30--%*',FF#'%"(*k*[;SRSE*=S*@WX^S*8,&*5%*-04.9%E*0"*6,&6*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&
[=S*@UU^**j*'0#g6"(%*F0#'*k*\*j*F0#g6"(%H'0#*k*[=,#'*j*]0#''6"(%*F0#'*k^*(6"4#'*?,%*j*=,#''6"5%*k
%'(*&%-=965)*=6&*j*F,#''6"5%*k*-6#'*',&(0,(*=6&*j*',#=6"'%*k*0o*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*j*=6"'%*kE
j*',#(%*k*%(*j*','=%"'%*kS
R9* /* 6* 6,''#* 4%* (&0,>96"('* %FF%('* 4%* '/-)(&#%* 50--%* 46"'* j* 7,* &%"4%uH$0,'* 4%'
'%"(#-%"('*3,-6#"'*k*\*j*7,*F0&,-*4%'*0=#"#0"'*6"#-69%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*TL^S*K"*'0--%*%(
=0,&* 5#(%&* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&* q* ?,#* 'd6==6&%"(%&6#(* 40"5* =9,(s(* f* ,"* G6&4#"* 4%
=%&(%*4%*50""6#''6"5%['^*$0#&%*f*,"*G6&4#"*4%*=%&4#(#0"E*4%*4)(&%''%E*4%*4)'0&#%"(6(#0"*qE
0"*6*=&%'?,%*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*'%*>6964%&*46"'*96*j*&,%*4%'*)5&#(%6,g*#"$%&')%'*k*[=S*1QÊ
#4)%*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*6$%5*9%'*#"'5&#=(#0"'*4)'0&#%"(6(0#&%'
F65)(#%,'%-%"(*50--#'%'*=6&*+dK509#%&*865&#=6"(S
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&/B*,"%*50"(&%=.(%&#%*%'(*'#]"69)%*[=6&*P6‡(6"^*46"'*j*K&#5E
#9*F6,(*,"*569-%*%(*>0"*56$#'(%*=0,&*%,g*'%=(*k*?,%*j*|]9#''%}*9d64C,46"(*N0>#996&4*k*f*96*=6]%
@XL*[-6#'E*6$0,0"'H9%E*"0,'*=96"530"'*(0,C0,&'*4%'','*'6"'*(&0,$%&*9d6'(,5%E*j*=69-)*50"
=6=#'(%*k*"%*F0"5(#0""6"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(^*%(*0"*%"*=&%''%"(*4d6,(&%'*46"'*j*+d6-6(%,&*4%
"s*36>#(%*f*I%u#.&%'H',&HB0,%'"0"*k*%(*j*+d#"5%'(%*f*9d69=6]%*96#''%*B090->#"%*=%&=9%g%*k
?,#* $#%""%"(* C,'(%* 6=&.'* c* 5%96* F6#(* %"50&%* =6&(#%* 4%'* C%,g* ,"* =%,* 0,9#=#%"'* ?,%* "0,'
=&0=0'%*=6&F0#'*9d6,(%,&E*9d6-,'6"(*)(6"(*?,d#5#*[C,'?,df*=&%,$%*4,*50"(&6#&%Ê*#9*"d/*6*=6'*4%
50"(&%=.(%&#%*q*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4%*j*=6&6=.(%&#%'*k*4,
(/=%*4%*5%99%'*[j*<0,&*6((#&%&*9%'*6-6(%,&'E*9%*9#>&6#&%*9%,&*-0"(&6*'0"*<9#"%*kE*j*I%''69#"%
TX
'%*F#(*-%((&%*,"*509*4%*90,(&%*',&*96*",?,%*k^*#-6]#")%'*=6&*Z&6"b0#'*B6&64%5 S
OKoKUK&]%'2-()2B1(2#/&'%-&$%(()%-&+&k*BB*$%&%(&&'=-$%Q2%
86"'*=6&9%&*(0,(*f*F6#(*4%*50"(&%=.(%&#%'E*"0(0"'*%"50&%*4%'*56'*4%*F#],&%*6,''#*>#u6&&%'
?,%* &6&%'* 0o* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 9d0"* 6''#'(%* f* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* &%4#'(&#>,(#0"* 4%* 9d0&4&%* 4%'
9%((&%'* f* 9d#"()&#%,&* 4%'* -0('S* 7#"'#E* 46"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* [=S* WLTÊ* ,"* =0#"]* 4%$#%"(
,"* j* =#0"]* k* [46"'* j* (,* $%,g* -0"* =#0"]* 46"'* 96* "6&#"* kÊ* ,"%* &)4,5(#0"* 4%$#%"(* ,"%
j* &)4,'5#0"* k* [=S* W@V^* %(* ,"* 4#690],%* 4%$#%"(* ,"* j* 4#6906],%* k* [=S* W@Q^* %(* -l-%* ,"
j*4#096?,%*k*[=S*WU@^*?,#*F6#(*'0"]%&*f*j*596?,%*k*%(*f*j*5906?,%*k*q*%(*6$%5*j*+0'0]"%*k*[`SaSE
=S*WAÊ*'0&(%*4%*50-=&0-#'*%"(&%*j*8090]"%*k*%(*j*+6'6]"%*kE*0"*%'(*=&%'?,%*%"*=&)'%"5%
4d,"*"0,$%6,*4)=6&(%-%"(S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9%*"0-*4%*B96,4#6*R&"#*[=S*1L1^*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9d#"'5&#=(#0"
F#],&6"(*',&*96*5&0#g*%(*0"*6,&6*)]69%-%"(*=,*"0(%&*96*',]]%'(#0"*4d,"*=69#"4&0-%*=30")(#?,%
6$%5* j* G650>H:056]%* k* f* 96* =6]%* @LV* 6#"'#* ?,d,"* =&%'?,%H=69#"4&0-%* 6$%5* 9%* 50,=9%
j*265(#9H+#5(6*k*'#]"69)*=6&*;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u*46"'*'6*-+S/$"#&'(#*().?&S*+%'*=69#"4&0-%'
j* ,"H",* k* %(* j* ",H,"* k* &%C0#]"%"(* ?,6"(* f* %,g* ,"%* 4%'* 0>'%''#0"'* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* ["0,'* /
&%$#%"4&0"'^*%(*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*,"*4%'*F#9'*50"4,5(%,&'*4%*9dr,$&%*(0,(H%"(#.&%S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* %(* =0,&* %"* &%$%"#&* 6,g* 6"6]&6--%'E* j* (,%&* k* '%
$%&&6* &6==&053)* 4%* j* ,(H&)* k* %(* [=S* @W1^* j* l(&%* kE* 4%* j* (%&&%* k* q* 5%* ?,#* 50&&%'=0"4* f* 96
(&64#(#0"*>#>9#?,%*4,*:0"30--%*4%*(%&&%*[$8*GSNS^*q*%(*7-%"*'%&6*(&6"'F0&-)*%"*j*K-"6*k
%(*j*7"%-*k*[=S*@QW^*(6"4#'*?,d0"*&%-6&?,%&6*["0(6--%"(*46"'*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/^*?,d%"
(%"6"(*50-=(%*4%*96*]&6=3#%*96(#"%E*j*`ROK*k*%'(*,"*6"6]&6--%*4%*j*ORK!*kS*Kg%-=9%
-0#"'*'=%5(65,96#&%*[%(*-0#"'*90,&4*4%*'%"'*%(*4%*50"')?,%"5%'^*=,#')*46"'*45J%I)&77&
TX
**;,9#=0E*-$G*&/*(I7.*+I&/E*K"(&)%'*j*<6&6=.(%&#%'*kE*I#99%*%(*,"%*",#('E*2,&#"E*1AAUS
@WX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
$?.0$8.$)&',*j*=0,&*4%*>0"*E*?,d%'(H5%*?,%*5d%'(*kE*?,#*'%->9%*=&05)4%&*4%*j*>0"*=0,&*5%*?,%
5d%'(*k*4#(*C,'(%*6$6"(*[$(&?*=0,&*j*>60>6>*k*\*j*460>64*kE*j*"0-*=&0=&%*k*\*-0"*=&0=&%*kE
j*=0,''#.&%*k*\*j*'0,=#.&%*kE*%(5S^S
20,(%'* 5%'* =%&-,(6(#0"'* 6"6]&6--6(#?,%'* 0"(E* =%,(Hl(&%* 50--%* 46"'* 96* n6>>69%E
,"*'%"'*5653)*[-6#'*9%?,%9*h^*D*#9*"0,'*%'(*#-=0''#>9%*4%*"0,'*6$6"5%&*',&*5%*(%&&6#"H9f
)(6"(*40"")*9d)(6(*65(,%9*4%*"0'*&%53%&53%'*%(*4%*"0'*50""6#''6"5%'S*P,#996,-%*7''%9#"
=0,&&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*"0,'*6#4%&*f*9%*50-=&%"4&%E*9,#*?,#*F#(*50--%"5%&*'0"*6&(#59%*#"(#(,9)
TT
j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*k *=6&*,"*&)',-)*'6#'#''6"(*[%(E*4d,"*5%&(6#"%*-6"#.&%E*"0$6&#"#%"*%"
4#6>9%^*4%*96*5&)6(#0"*4,*-0"4%*'%90"*96*n6>>69%*9,&#6"#?,%*-6#'*"0(&%*#"(,#(#0"*=%&'0""%99%
%'(* ?,%* 9dr,$&%* 4%* `69.&%* M0$6&#"6* %'(* n6>>69#'(#?,%-%"(* 50-#?,%* %(\0,* 50-#?,%-%"(
n6>>69#'(#?,%*[%(*?,%*5d%'(*',&(0,(*96*"0(#0"*4%*&)$%&'#>#9#()*?,d#9*F6,(*#5#*-%((&%*%"*6$6"(^S
B%* ?,#* %'(* 'z&E* 5d%'(* ?,%* 9%* C%,* =&0=0')* %'(* 90#"* 4dl(&%* #""05%"(* c* 0"* "%* (0,53%* =6'
#-=,")-%"(*f*96*96"],%*%(*f*9d0&4&%*4%'*-0('S*a,6"4*M0$6&#"6*4#(*46"'*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/
j* ,"* -0(* 4#(* =0,&* ,"* 6,(&%* D* 40,u%* >0->6&4#%&'* 4)5099%"(* kE* 5%96* =0,&&6#(* &)',9(%&* 4d,"%
'#-=9%*=%&-,(6(#0"*4%*9%((&%'S*O.'*90&'E*96*5#()*'d#"?,#.(%*%(*4.'K*G8&*[=S*@A^*50--%"5%
4d6#99%,&'*6#"'#*D
Athéniens ! Un forcené vient d’être maîtrisé par les brigades grammaticales
d’intervention alors qu’entré par effraction dans les locaux vacants de
l’imprimerie nationale il tentait d’intervertir l’ordre alphabétique de toutes les
lettres afin de porter outrage à l’ordre du langage.
+d0&4&%*4,*96"]6]%*)(6"(*)]69%-%"(*5%9,#*4,*-0"4%E*/*(0,53%&E*=6&F0#'E*5d%'(*F6#&%*65(%*4%
(%&&0&#'-%E*9%((&%'*%(*-0(*F0"5(#0""6"(*50--%*4%*96*4/"6-#(%S*B%*"d%'(*40"5*=6'*C,'(%*=6&
>l(%*50"'%&$6(#'-%*?,%*9%*j*F0&5%")*k*4%*4.'K*G8&*'%*F6#(*6&&l(%&*D*5d%'(*,"%*-%',&%*4%
')5,&#()*=,>9#?,%*[-6#'*M0$6&#"6E*9,#E*50,&(*(0,C0,&'^S
RK&>/(*1(#$#02%
RKOK&Z*1Q&()12-5%-&%(&4*1--%-&$*:*$2--*'%RKOKOK&8#1-&/%&-#55%-&:*-&"%&312&%-(&'*/-&$%&:$*(
7,(&%*6'=%5(*50-#?,%*4%*9dr,$&%*D*5%*?,#*%'(*)$#4%"(*=0,&*"0,'*"%*9d%'(*=6'*4,*(0,(*=0,&*9%'
=%&'0""6]%'S*Bd%'(*?,%*96*M0$6&#"#%*%'(*,"*-0"4%*)(&6"]%*0o*9%*"0&-69*)(0""%*%(*0o*9d0"
6*=6&F0#'*4%'*6((%"(%'*>#u6&&%'*D*$0,96"(*'%*F6#&%*6#-%&*4%'*=#%&&%'E*0"*'%*=96#"(*4%*5%*?,%
9d6-0,&*=0&()*f*4%'*56#990,g*%'(*&)50-=%"')*4%*F&0#4%,&*c*'#*5%*"d%'(*=6'*=&)'%"()*50--%
,"%*)$#4%"5%E*5d%'(*?,d0"*%'=)&6#(*6,(&%*530'%E*,"%*%"(&)%*%"*50"(65(E*,"*F&)-#''%-%"(*4,
56#990,t
O,* =0#"(* 4%* $,%* 4,* =%&'0""6]%* 40""6"(* 4%* 9d6-0,&* 6,g* =#%&&%'E* 9%* 50"'(6(* 4%* 96
F&0#4%,&* %'(* 40"5* =&)'%"()* 50--%* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* 4%* (&#'(%* %(* 4%* F&,'(&6"(* D* 5%96* &%"$0#%
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*f*5%*?,d746-*&%''%"(*F65%*6,*'#9%"5%*4%*O#%,*q*%(*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*=0,&
5%96*["0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^*?,%*96*=#%&&%*&%$#%"(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*[%99%*#"56&"%*O#%,*f*96*=%&F%5(#0"^S
<0,&*9%'*6"#-6,g*[53#%"'E*0#'%6,g^*D*-l-%*50"'(6(*D*96*F&,'(&6(#0"*%'(*)?,#$69%"(%*4%$6"(
9d#-=0''#>#9#()* 4%* 96* 50--,"#56(#0"* =6&* 96* =6&09%* [%'(H5%* 40"5* =0,&* 5%96* ?,%* j* 9d30--%
>9l-#(*k**h^S*O%*-l-%E*'#*9d6$%,]9%*"%*$0#(*&#%"E*5%*"d%'(*=6&5%*?,d#9*"d/*6*&#%"*f*$0#&*c*5d%'(
f*56,'%*4%*'6*5)5#()*[`SaSE*=S*@@A^*c*5%((%*)$#4%"5%*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*9%*(&.'*>%6,*j*96*",#(
"d%'(*=6'*96*=&%,$%*?,d#9*"d/*6*&#%"*f*$0#&*k*D*'d#9*/*6*?,%9?,%*530'%*f*$0#&E*9%*C0,&*"0,'*9%*4#&6
TT
**P,#996,-%*7''%9#"E*j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*D*4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*TXS
@WT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
[%(*%"50&%*5%*"d%'(*=6'*'z&*D*9%*C0,&*%'(H#9*96*=&%,$%*?,%*(0,(*%'(*$#'#>9%*h^S*:&%FE*#9*%'(*#",(#9%
%(*#"C,'(%*4d655,'%&*96*",#(*?,#*"d%'(*=0,&*&#%"*46"'*'0"*0=65#()*50"'(#(,(#0""%99%S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*4%*F6,g*(&,#'-%*0,*=9,(s(*4%*(&,#'-%'*f*&%96(#$#'%&*D*F65%*f*,"%*6''#%((%E
0"*=%,(*'%*4#&%*j*M0,'*"%*'0--%'*=6'*5%*?,#*%'(*46"'*9%*=96(*k*q*-6#'*'#*5%((%*6''#%((%
)(6#(* %"* F0&-%* 4%* '5."%E* 5%99%* 0o* "0,'* "0,'* 6=%&5%$0"'* ?,%* "0,'* '0--%'* -6"])'* h
B%96*536"]%&6#(*(%&&#>9%-%"(*96*40""%S*O6"'*96*-6"#.&%*4%*-%((&%*%"*'5."%*4%'*"0(#0"'
[-)4%5#"%\'6"()E* %(5SÊ* M0$6&#"6* &%(&6$6#99%* 6,''#* ,"%* -6(#.&%* ]&%5?,%* %(* '05&6(#?,%* %(E
%"* 53%&536"(* >#%"E* 0"* 4%$&6#(* =0,$0#&* (&0,$%&* 4%'* 6FF#&-6(#0"'\)$#4%"5%'* )?,#$69%"(%'* f
j* +6* $)&#()* =0&(%* =&)C,4#5%* f* 96* F6,''%()* k* [`SaSE* =S* Q@^* 46"'* 9%'* @$.:90#&/* 4%* <96(0"S
<0,&(6"(E* 5%* ?,#* 536"]%* #5#* q* -l-%* '#* 9d#&0"#%* -69#5#%,'%* %(* &0,>96&4%* 4,* 805&6(%[\+0n#^
4%* <96(0"* #-=9#?,6#(* '0,$%"(* 4%'* %FF%('* '#-#96#&%'* qE* 5d%'(* 9d3,-0,&* f* 9dr,$&%* 46"'* 9%'
F0&-,96(#0"'*"0$6&#"#%""%'E*9d)$#4%"5%*50-#?,%*)(6"(*-l-%*=6&F0#'*-#'%*%"*&#-%*50--%
46"'*9%*564&%*)=#]&6--6(#?,%*4d,"%*-#"#H50-=(#"%*c*5d%'(*9%*56'*46"'*j*+6*-0&(E*(6"(*?,d%99%
&%'(%*'6"'*$#%E*"%*"0,'*96#''%*6,5,"%*536"5%*4%*',&$#%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QQ1^S
8,&*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%E*0"*6,&6*46"'*456*7&*$8*988#*[=S*W1^*D*j*+d%"F6"5%*$0,'*?,#((%
f*$,%*4dr#9*kE*5%*?,#*%'(*f*&6==&053%&*4,*50"'(6(*4)'096"(*?,d#9*/*6*j4%*=9,'*%"*=9,'*4%
=6'')* k* %(* 4%* 96* 4%&"#.&%* =3&6'%* 4%* _6u#%* &)',-6"(* '0"* 04/'')%* =6&#'#%""%* %"* 4#'6"(
j*Gd6#*$#%#99#*kS*a,6"(*f*7"4&)*I6&50"E*#9*%'(*'%"'#>9%*f*,"%*=3&6'%*4,*O&6-%*?,#*4#(*j*K99%
46"'%*6$%5*9%'*=#%4'*k*D*j*Bd%'(*%g(&60&4#"6#&%*4%*4&s9%&#%*k*50--%"(%H(H#9*46"'*j*+d;FF&6"4%
TU
#-=&)$#'#>9%*k t*K"*-l-%*(%-='E*5%96*$%,(*=%,(Hl(&%*4#&%*?,d0"*=%,(*46"'%&*6,(&%-%"(
?,d6$%5*9%'*=#%4'E*46"'*'6*(l(%*=6&*%g%-=9%*0,*6$%5*4%'*=6#"'*50--%*B36&90(S*:&%FE*53%u
M0$6&#"6E*(&,#'-%'*%(*96=69#''64%'*"%*&%9.$%"(*=6'*4%*96*'%,9%*(6,(090]#%E*50--%*5d%'(*9%
56'*46"'*j*0,$&#&*9%'*=0&(%'*F%&-)%'*k*[7SRSE*=S*U@Ê*-l-%*'#*96*=&%-#.&%*9%5(,&%*=%,(*=6&F0#'
40""%&*5%((%*#-=&%''#0"S
RKOKRK&D'*5&%(&A9%&-PE(#//%/(&'PM()%
R5#E* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&* q* ?,#* 50--%"5%* =6&* 5%'* -0('E* =&0"0"5)'* =6&* 96* `0#g
4d;->&%**D*j*+6*-6#"*'%*9.$%E*96*>0,53%*'d0,$&%E*9%*50&='*&%'=#&%*k*[=S*V^*q*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
,"*56'*f*=6&(t*+6*`0#g*4d0->&%*%'(*,"*53r,&*6"(#?,%*f*%99%*(0,(%*'%,9%*%(*?,#*50--%"(%
9%'*)536"]%'*$%&>6,g*%"(&%*96*Z%--%*8)-#"69%*%(*9%*:0"30--%*4%*(%&&%*D*5%'*4%,gH9f
'%->9%"(*'%*4)50,$&#&*%(*=0,&(6"(*#9'*'%*50""6#''%"(*4%*(0,(%*)(%&"#()S*R9'*'%*&%"$0#%"(*4%'
?,%'(#0"'*6,g?,%99%'*#9'*'0"(*#"56=6>9%'*4%*&)=0"4&%E*=6&*%g%-=9%*[==S*WTHWU^*D*j*<0,&?,0#
%'H(,*30--%*h*k*4#(H%99%*c*j*K(*(0#E*=0,&?,0#*%'H(,*30--%*h*k*4#(H#9S*<9,'*90#"*D*j*;o*%'(*5%
?,0#*h*a,#*%'(*5%(*%"4&0#(*h*[=S*WUÊ*j*;o*'0--%'H"0,'*=6&$%",'*h*k*[=S*WVÊ*j*B0&='*%'H(,
-0"*=&%-#%&*%'=65%*0o*C%*-%*',#'*6==6&,%*h*B0&='*%'H(,*4%*-0"*%'=.5%*h*k*[=S*WV^
K"* 6996"(* $#(%E* 4#'0"'* ?,%* 5%((%* =#.5%* =%,(* l(&%* 9,%* 50--%* ,"%* (3)p(&69#'6(#0"* 4%
96* V&8G/&* q* 0&E* 5d%'(* 6,''#* 9%* 56'* 4%* 4.* @$/%#7&E* =#.5%* 4%* I6&#$6,g* 0o* (0,(* )(0""%
-l-%*9d)$#4%"5%E*4d0o*4%'*96=69#''64%'*f*56&65(.&%*0"(090]#?,%*[$0#&%*0"(6,(090]#?,%'^*%(
6""0"b6"(*,"*=%,*5%99%'*4%*M0$6&#"6S*O%*F6#(E*46"'*96*=#.5%*4%*I6&#$6,gE*0"*50"'(6(%*6$%5
'(,=%,&*?,%*9%'*/%,g*j*&%]6&4%"(*kE*?,%*96*>0,53%*j*'%&(*f*=6&9%&*k*%(*?,%*9%'*-6#"'*j*$0"(*%(
$#%""%"(*kE*;"*=&)5#'%*9%'*530'%'*56&*&#%"*"d%'(*)$#4%"(*46"'*,"*-0"4%*?,%*9d0"*4)50,$&%*D
=9,'*?,d,"%*'#-=9%*&0>#"'0""64%E*5d%'(*56&&)-%"(*96*V&8G/&*?,#*'%*&%C0,%*4%$6"(*"0,'*q
%(*4%$6"(*"0,'*?,d746-*%(*K$%*j*|'d)(0""%"(}*4dl(&%*k*50--%*4#(*M0$6&#"6t
R9*%'(*f*"0(%&*?,%*9%*4#'=0'#(#F*4%*4)=6&(*%'(*6''%u*6&(#F#5#%9*%(E*=0,&*(0,(*4#&%E*6''%u*=%,
50"$6#"56"(* 46"'* 96* =#.5%* 4%* I6&#$6,gE* -6#'* =&0=0'0"'* 5%((%* %g=9#56(#0"* D* 0"* %'(* =%,(H
l(&%*=9,'*(&0,>9)'*=6&*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*f*56,'%*4%'*699,'#0"'*f*96*-04%&"#()
TU
**7"4&)*I6&50"E*j*+d0FF&6"4%*#-=&)$#'#>9%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X*L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1QXS
@WU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
[()9)$#'#0"E* %(5S^* ?,#* "0,'* &%"4%"(* 746-* %(* K$%* =&%'?,%* F6-#9#%&'* c* #9'* '0"(* 50--%* ,"
-#&0#&* 4%* 5%* ?,%* 9d30--%* %'(* 4%$%",* %(* %"* -l-%* (%-='E* 5d%'(* 9d)(%&"%9* 3,-6#"* ?,#* %'(
#5#* &%=&)'%"()* ',&* '5."%* q* 6,(&%* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* f* '#]"69%&D* 46"'* 4.' @$/%#7&* 6,''#E* 9%'
=%&'0""6]%'E*(&.'*"6{F'E*=&%""%"(*(0,(*6,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%E*5%*?,#*=%,(*40""%&*9#%,*[50--%
=6&F0#'*53%u*M0$6&#"6^*f*4%'*4#690],%'*f*96*F0#'*>#u6&&%'*%(*4&s9%*[=6&*%g%-=9%*D*j*6($8&*D
K(%'H$0,'*,"%*=%&'0""%*h*\*C0:I*D*;,#*6'',&)-%"(*%(*(&.'*=%&'0""%*k^S
!"*=%,*50--%*46"'*4.'@$/%#7&*-6#'*6,''#*46"'*4&'q.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*%(*46"'
96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6E*96*(6,(090]#%*50&&%'=0"4*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%*f*,"*)(6(*0&#]#"%9
0o*9d0"*50"'(6(%*?,d,"%*-6#"*(0,53%E*?,d,"%*>0,53%*=6&9%E*?,d,"%*0&%#99%*%"(%"4E*?,%*96
$#6"4%*'d%g=&#-%E*?,%*9d6,(&%*%g#'(%*%(*?,d0"*=%,(*50--,"#?,%&*$0#&%*50--,"#%&*6$%5*9,#
=6&* 96* =6&09%* 0,* 6$0#&* 4,* 4)'#&* =0,&* 9,#* [GSNSE* ==S* @UH@L^S* R9* %"(&%* 4%* 9d)(0""%-%"(* %(* 4%
9d#"?,#)(,4%* 46"'* 5%'* (6,(090]#%'* D* 0"* %'(* )>&6"9)* =6&* 9%'* 50"'(6('* ?,d0"* F6#(* D* (0,(* %'(* f
536?,%*F0#'*,"%*]&6"4%*=&%-#.&%S*R5#*40"5E*46"'*5%*56'*4%*F#],&%E*96*(6,(090]#%*"d%"*%'(*=6'
,"%S*O,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4%*5%9,#*?,#*4#(*j*C%*kE*5d%'(*5%&(6#"*c*9%'*50"'(6('*%"*?,%'(#0"*'0"(*(0,(
'6,F*4%'*(&,#'-%'*0,*4%'*96=69#''64%'*D*0"*%'(*4)=6'')E*>0,9%$%&')*=6&*9%*&)%9S*B%96*=0,&&6
-l-%*&%C0#"4&%*,"%*F0&-%*4%*'65&)*0,*6,*-0#"'*'d6550&4%&*f*,"%*'0&(%*4%*F&#''0"*'65&)
(0,(*%"*&%'(6"(*(&.'*50-#?,%*[-6#'*=0,&*?,#*'6#(*'%*-%((&%*6,*4#6=6'0"*"0$6&#"#%"E*5%'*4%,g
6'=%5('*&%'(%"(*(0,(*f*F6#(*50-=6(#>9%'^S
RKRK&YM5%-&5M5%)2%RKRKOK&d#"(%1)&YE'2"*$&%(&6E(E)2/&YE'2"*/(
8%&6* )]69%-%"(* ,(#9#')* ,"* =&05)4)* 0&#]#"69* f* &6==&053%&* =6&F0#'* 4,* =9)0"6'-%* %(* 4%* 96
(6,(090]#%*%(*?,%*9d0"*=0,&&6#(*"0--%&*9%*&%40,>9%-%"(*#"50"]&,*c*5%96*=0,&&6*40""%&*=6&
%g%-=9%*j*?,%'(#0"*?,%'(#)%*kE*j*-l-%*-l-%&#%*kE*j*0&]6"%*0&]6"#?,%*k*%(*j*C0"]9%,&
C0"]9#'(%* k* 46"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* %(* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&S* O6"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&E
0,(&%*9%*&%40"46"(*j*C,'?,d6,*>0&4*%g(&%-#'*k*[=S*1@UÊ*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*9%*50-#?,%*j*O05(%,&
I)4#569*k*[=S*@@TÊ*6''#'()*4,*j*`)()&#"*I)4#56"(*k*[=S*@@TÊ*9%*j*-%->&%*-%->&,*k*[=S
1XAÊ*96*j*(%&&%*(%&&%'(&%*k*[=S*11T^*%(*9%*j*-6&>&%*4%*I6&-0&)*k*[=S*V1^*q*j*K(*6#"'#*4%*',#(%
%(*6#"'#*4%*',#(%*%(*6#"'#*4%*',#(%*%(*6#"'#*4%*',#(%*kE*=0,&*,(#9#'%&*,"%*%g=&%''#0"*f*&6990"]%
5,%#99#%*f*96*=6]%*1@TS*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*)(6#(*6,''#*50"5%&")%*=6&*9%*=&05)4)*D*0,(&%*4%'
j*5&)6(,&%'*5&)6(,&)%'*k*[=S*W@1^*)$0?,6"(*8=#"0u6E*0"*(0->6#(*=6&*%g%-=9%*',&*j*I0&#>%
f* -0&#>0"* 5d%'(* -0"* -0&#>%* k* [=S* QUXÊ* 50"'%#9* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* * &%"4&%* =9,'* 50"5#'* [$0#&%
50"5#'%&^*%"*=&0=0'6"(*,"*$%&>6]%*%"*j*I0&#>0"'*k*c*46"'*5%((%*=#.5%*(%&&#>9%*0o*9d0"*j*53#%
96*-0&(*kE*9%'*)$056(#0"'*-0&>#4%'*'0"(*=0,&(6"(*'0,$%"(*6->#],‡'*56&*'#*9%'*j*-6556>'*'%
&6550,=9%"(*kE*j*|9%'}*-0&('*kE*%,gE*j*F0"(*9%'*(&)=6'')'*k*[=S*QXVÊ*5%*?,#*%'(*9%*'#]"%*?,d#9'
"%*'0"(*=6'*6,''#*-0&('*?,d#9*%"*0"(*9d6#&S
+6*F#],&%*&%'(%*(&.'*=&053%*4,*=9)0"6'-%*50--%*46"'*9%'*j*&6550,&5#'*&6=#46''%'*k
4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&*[=S*1XQ^*c*5d%'(*?,%*5%((%*r,$&%*F0,&-#99%*)]69%-%"(*4%
j*-l-%'*-l-%&#%'*k*D*j*'#9%"5%*'#9%"5#69*k*[=S*QA1Ê*j*0#'%6,*(65#(%*4%*(65#(0"*k*[=S*@VU^
$0#&%*j*F%,E*-0&(*%(*4#'=6&,*k*[=S*1VW^*%(*j*`)5,*$#$6"(E*#9*-%,&(*5646$&%*k*[=S*1XX^S*R9*/*6,&6
6,''#*4%'*56'*4%*"0-'*&%40"46"('*50--%*9%*j*86-'0"*P&6"4*k*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[=S
1XV^*?,#*F6#(*,"*=%,*)530*6,*j*O05(%,&*I)4#569*k*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&S*O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87E
0"*"0(6#(*j*96*=6#&%*$696#(*96*40,>9%*k*[=S*X@^*%(*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A',*j*9d#"0"46(#0"
-0"(6"(%*-0"(6* k* [=S* @1UÊ* j* =6&9%&* 0&69%-%"(* k* [=S* 1W@Ê* j* (%"(%&* 4d%''6/%&* k* [=S* 1AAÊ
j*$6],%*9#?,#4%*k*[=S*@ULÊ*j*-)(69*-)(699,&)*k*[=S*1A@Ê*j*'=3.&%'*|t}*>0,9#?,%'*k*[=S*@UÊ
j*'6$6"('*%"*'5#%"5%*k*[=S*QAWÊ*j*405(%,&*I)4#56"(*k*[=S*@@1Ê*j*40&-#&*%"*F%&-6"(*9%'
/%,g* k* [=S* 1U1^* j* =96(6"%* %"* >0#'* k* [=S* 11LÊ* j* -0/%"* -)4#,-* k* [=S* @AAÊ* j* -0/%"* 4%
@WL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
(&6"'=0&(* $%&'* 9d6$6"(* k* [=S* 1TQ^* %(* j* 6"#-6,g* $l(,'* %"* ",'* k* [=S* @XU^* c* 46"'* j* 56>6"%
4%* 3,((%* k* [=S* @L1Ê* 96* 3,((%* %'(* 6,''#* 9%* j* ,(* kE* 5%((%* 56>6"%* 4,* 4)>,(* ['6"'* 40,(%* ,"%
j*4%-%,&%*F&6]#9%*k^S
R9*'%&6*?,%'(#0"*4d,"%*j*G0#%*699.]&%*k*46"'*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&*[=S*XV^*%(*4d,"%*j*C0#%
C0/%,'%* k* 46"'* F&' /#$/* [=S* TXÊ* =#.5%* 0o* 9d0"* &%"50"(&%* %"50&%* ,"* j]&6"4* 6&>&%* (0,(* %"
>0#'* k* [=S* 1AAÊ* 4%'* j* -6'?,%'* -6'?,)'* k* [=STUÊ* ,"* j* &0"4* 5#&5,96#&%* k* [=S* TU^* %(* 4%'
j*(&0,=%'*(&0,=6"(%'*k*[=S*QQ^S*R9*/*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*?,%'(#0"*4%*j*&)%9*&)69#'(%*k*[=S*@@VÊ*4%
j*&%$6"53%*$%"])%*k*[=S*@UA^*%(*-l-%*4%*j*&%(0,&"%&*(0,(*4%*',#(%*53%u*O%&%53%F*k*[=S*XT^S
7,(&%*F0&-,96(#0"*)(&6"]%*D*j*|4%-6"4%&}*f*(#(&%*?,%'(#0""6(#F*k*[GS8SE*=S*@TQ^S*7*96*=6]%*WQ
4%*45C/%.*&'E#)$&#AE*0"*6*)]69%-%"(*&%-6&?,)*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*u009#()*4%'*6"#-6,g*kS*O6"'
N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*0,(&%*9%'*j*)(0#9%'*)(0#9)%'*k*[=S*TX^*%(*9%'*j*%'=&#('*-%"(6,g*k*[=S
Q1Ê*#9*/*6*)]69%-%"(*,"%*j*(l(%*4%*56>0''%*k*[=S*VA^*?,#*)$0?,%*56&&0''%*%(*Z)%*B6&6>0''%
-6#'*',&(0,(*96*56>053%*?,#*F6#(*40,>90"*6$%5*96*j*(l(%*kS
RKRKRK&]%"#/'1"(2#/&'%&$*&4201)%
O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*#9*/*6*,"%*j*&#$#.&%*M6,(#?,%*k*[=S*T@Ê*,"%*j*>#5/59%((%
f*4%,g*&0,%'*k*[=S*TU^*%(*,"%*j*=9,#%*(0->6"(%*|t}*(0->%*k*[=S*TW^*46"'*j*9d#"'(6"(*|4d,"%}
'0,46#"%&#%*[=S*TW^S*;"*/*=6&9%*6,''#*4dk*65(#0"*6]#%*k*[=S*X@Ê*4dk*,"#0"*,"#%*k*[=S@V^*%(
%"F#"*4%* j* "0#&*"0#&5#)*kE*4%*j*C%('* C%()'* k* %(* 4%* j* -,&)'* 50"(&%* 9%'* -,&'* k* [=S* QA^S* 7* 96
=6]%*XUE*4%,g*j*40,>9%-%"('*k*'0"(*&6==&053)'*D*j*7'H(,*-6"])*-6"]%&#%*h*7'H(,*40&-,
9%*40&-#%-%"(*h*k*7,(6"(*4%*40,>9%-%"('*90]#?,%'*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*=#.5%*40"(*9%*50,=9%
[5FS*j*,"#0"*,"#%*kE*%(5S^*%'(*,"*4%'*(3.-%'*=&#"5#=6,gS
O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&E* 0"* =6&9%&6* 4%* j* '6"]* '6"],#",-* k* [=S* X1Ê* j* 9%* '6"]* |t}* b6
"d6*6,5,"%*'#]"#F#56(#0"*'6"],#"%*k*[=S*@1@Ê*j*%"F6"(%&*9d%"F6"5%*k*[=S*@U@Ê*j*<0(*=0,&&#
(&.'*=0,&&#*k*[=S*@WA^*%(*j*=,(&)F#)E*=,(&)F65(*k*[=S*@WA^S*+d#4)%*4%*j*-l-%*-l-%&#%*k*'%
&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*I0"*=.&%*-%*4#(*D*80#'*5%*?,%*(,*'0#'S*I6*-.&%*#(0,S*K(*-0"*F&.&%
%"*4%$#"(*?,#((%*4d6]#&*#4%-S*k*[GS8SE*=S*T1^*6$%5*9%*&6==&053%-%"(*'0#'\'0#'*%(*#4%-\#(0,*q
$(&?*46"'*j*O6"'*4%'*#4%-'*=6&%#9'*6,*-l-%E*-0#*=&#'*46"'*5%((%*-l-%*$#'#0"*#(0,E*C%
>,$6#'*k*[OS7S*c*=S*WX^S*O6"'*9d#"C0"5(#0"*j*K50,(%*'%*(6#&%*9%'*56#990,g*k*[`SaSE*=S*XLÊ*#9*/
6*5%&(%'*,"*=6&640g%*[5FS*j*K50,(%*'%*(6#&%*k^*-6#'*6,''#*E*.'%)$9)$E*,"*=9)0"6'-%E*5%9,#
4,*56#990,*-,%(E*-,(#?,%E*0,E*=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*9%*$%&>%*'%*(6#&%*D*(6#'%,gS*B%*'#9%"5%*'0--%
(0,(%* 90]#?,%* %(* =%,* )(0""6"(* %'(* f* &6==&053%&* 4,* F6,g* =&05.'* 4%* 96* F&0#4%,&* 4,* 56#990,
C,])*=%,*%g=&%''#F*%(*-l-%*,"*>&#"*#"]&6(E*j*9d6-0,&*?,d0"*|9,#}*=0&(%*|)(6"(}*&)50-=%"')
4dF&0#4%,&*k*[;SRSE*=S*L@^S*B%96*=0,&&6#(E*5%96*4#(E*50"'(#(,%&*,"*=&0$%&>%*=0)(#?,%*%(*#-6])t
+%*56'*40,>9%*[=6&640g%*\*=9)0"6'-%^*4djK50,(%*'%*(6#&%*9%'*56#990,g*k*'%*&%(&0,$%*4d6#99%,&'
46"'*j%"]6])*=0,&*53s-%&*,"%*40,>9,&%*4)Cf*&%-=965)%*k*[OS7SE*=S*@AÊ*46"'*j*G%*"%*=%,g
$#$&%*$#$6"(E*C%*"%*=%,g*=6&9%&*?,d%"*=6&96"(*[OS`SE*=S*@1U^*%(*%"50&%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*)50,(%
50--%*5%((%*$#%#99%*56&"%*'%"(*96*>#4053%*k*[8SE*=S*1L^S*7,(&%'*56'*f*"0(%&*D*j*-0"(6]"%*|t}
%"*=%"(%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@A@Ê*j*&0,(%'*6,(0&0,()%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*WVÊ*4)=%"'%'*4)=%"'#.&%'*[;SRSE
=S*WTÊ*j*4%,g*C,-%6,g*'%*&%''%->96"(*(&.'*=0,&*(&6#('*k*[;SRSE*=S*LT^*$0#&%E*%g%-=9%'*=9,'
F0&-%9'*50"5%&"6"(*=9,'*9%*'0"*?,%*9%*'%"'*D*j*96*",#(*(0->%*',&*9%'*(0->%6,g*k*[;SNSE*=S*1UÊ
j*`0,'*"d6$#%u*5%=%"46"(*"6],.&%E*],.&%*@d6&(*4%*F%#"4&%*k*[;SRSE*=S*U@^*0,*%"50&%*j*9d65(%*?,#
'0""%&6*9%,&*4)=6&(*k*[GSNSE*=S*WXÊ*j*9%,&*k*50"(%"6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*j*9%,&*3%,&%*kE*9d30&&%,&*0,
9%*9%,&&%E*4,*4)=6&(S*a,6"(*f*4.'K*G8&*E*5d%'(*,"%*=#.5%*0o*96*$#6"4%*j*'%"(*96*>6&>6?,%*k*[=S
1VÊ*5%*?,#E*.'%)$9)$E*&%9.$%*,"*=%,*4,*=9)0"6'-%S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*5&0#'%&6*,"%
j*46-%*F)-#"#"%*6,*$)90*f*4%,g*&0,%'*4%*>#5/59%((%*k*[=S*WXÊ*0"*"0,'*50"'%#99%&6*4dj|0'%&}
0'%&kE*4%*j*|=&)$0#&}*,"*=&0C%(*k*%(*4dj6$0#&*F0#*46"'*96*50"F#6"5%*k*[=S*UA^*%(*0"*=6&9%&6*4d,"%
j*",#(*|t}*%"*=9%#"%*"05(,&"#()*k*[=S*@@^*0,*4%*96*j*9#?,#4#()*4%*9d%6,*k*[=S*1V^S
@WV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
RKRKUK&L#2%&N#=%1-%&u'*/0%)#-2(E&'%&$*&5#)(&
a,0#?,%* 50-#?,%'E* 5%&(6#"'* =9)0"6'-%'* =%,$%"(* 50"(%"#&* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* -%"65%* c* 5d%'(
?,d#9* "%* F6,4&6#(* =6'* j* '0,'* %'(#-%&* 96* 46"]%&0'#()* 4%* 96* -0&(* k* k* [;SNSE* =S* XX^S* Z65%
f* 5%* =&0>9.-%E* f* 5%((%* 5%&(#(,4%E* 4#FF#5#9%* %"* %FF%(* 4dk* 6'',&%&* 96* -6w(&#'6>#9#()* 4%* 96
'#(,6(#0"* k* [;SNSE* =S* WA^S* ;"* =%,(* 5%=%"46"(* '%* &)F,]#%&* 46"'* ,"%* &)69#()* &6'',&6"(%* %(
j*|"d6]#&}*?,d%"*530'%'*F6#'6>9%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*L1^*0,*"#%&*(0,(*%"*>905*%(*-l-%*"#%&*4%*"#%&*%"
'd)5&#6"(*k*G%*"#%*")]6(#0"E*&%F,'%*&%F,]%*k*[;SNSE*=S*L@^S
I6#'*96*$#%E*96*C0#%*699.]&%*%(*96*C0#%*C0/%,'%*&%=&%"4&0"(*9%,&'*4&0#('*D*46"'*4.'K*G8&E
0"*6$#'%*4%'*j*5%&#'#%&'*5%&#'#?,%'*k*[=S*@TQÊ*40"(*0"*=%,(*',==0'%&*?,d#9'*'0"(*=9%#"*4%
'6"()*%(*4%*$#%*q*%(*?,d#9'*40""%"(*$&6#-%"(*>%6,50,=*4%*5%&#'%'S*7,*'0"*4%'*j*B9053%'
4%* 59053%&#%* k* [;SNSE* =S* @WUÊ* 0"* 'd)5&#%&6* 46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&D* j* B30'0"'* 4%'* 530'%'
53&0"#?,%'*q*`#$%"(*9%'*530'%'*m*63E*?,%*$#$%"(*9%'*530'%'*m*k*[;SRSE*=S*@TT^*%(*0"*=0,&&6
-l-%*%''6/%&*[5FS*;SRSE*=S*U@^*4%*j*&%(6&4%&*9d)53)6"5%*4d,"%*53,(%*40"(*9d#'',%*k*"%*F6#(
=6'*4%*40,(%E*'d%"*j*|699%&}*6#99%,&'*kE*j*|46"'}*,"*9#%,*k*?,d0"*j*=&)F.&%*&%C0#"4&%*k*=0,&
j*|'d)90#]"%&}*,"*#"'(6"(*4d#5#*k*[;SRSE*=S*UU^*0,*%"50&%*=&6(#?,%&*96*=09#(#?,%*4%*9d6,(&,53%*%"
=90"]%6"(*46"'*,"*j*'0--%#9*'0--#(69*k*[;SRSE*=S*@WX^S
<0,&(6"(E*4)'%'=0#&*%(*96''#(,4%*=0,&&0"(*&%',&]#&*f*(0,(*-0-%"(*%(*&%50--%"5%&0"(
690&'* 9%'* j* 4)>0&4%-%"('* k* 4d,"%* j* 50,=%* 4)Cf* (&0=* =9%#"%* k* [8SE* =S* XU^S* ;"* 6$6#(
5%&(%'* ,"* %'=0#&* -6#'* 0"* &)69#'%* F#"69%-%"(* ?,dj#9* /* 6* #"F6#'6>#9#()* 4d,"%* >0""%* =6&(#%
4,* =0''#>9%* k* [;SNSE* =S* Q@^* c* >&%FE* 5d%'(* ,"* 4)'%'=0#&* 4)'%'=)&6"(* ?,#* "0,'* ',>-%&]%
9#(()&69%-%"(S
RKUK&D1()%-&Y#'*$2(E-&'%&$*&)E:E(2(2#/
RKUKOK&j*5B*&B)E-2$2%//%&%(&S2)#/'2/-&'%&e#)'%*1Q
+d,(#9#'6(#0"* 4%* 5%(* )(&6"]%* =&05)4)* ?,d%'(* 96* -l-%* -l-%&#%* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,''#E* 46"'
4%'* 56'* 50--%* j* 0>'(&,5(#0""69#()* 4%* 9d0>'(659%* k* [;SNE* =S* UUÊ* ,"%* -6"#.&%* 4%
'%* -0?,%&* 4d,"* (&6$%&'* 96"]6]#%&* ?,%* P)&6&4* P%"%((%* 4)"0"5%* 46"'* '0"* 4&s9#''#-%
<.)(.().**=&)5)4%--%"(*5#()S*<0,&*9,#E*%"*%FF%(E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-04%&"#()*-)4#6(#?,%*=6''6"(
"0(6--%"(* =6&* 9%* C0,&"69* ()9)$#')* 6* (%"46"5%* f* #"$%"(%&* 4%'* F0&-,9%'* &%40"46"(%'* ?,#
=6''%"(*46"'*9%*96"]6]%*50,&6"(*D*#9*'#]"69%*j*'%50,''%*'#'-#?,%*kE*j*(&#*')9%5(#F*kE*j*'5#%"5%'
50]"#(#$%'*kE*j*86->6*>&)'#9#%""%*k*%(*j*P#&0"4#"'*4%*:0&4%6,g*k
K'(H5%*$&6#-%"(*9d6==&053%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*h*M0"*'%,9%-%"(*5d%'(*=0''#>9%*46"'
5%&(6#"'*56'E*-6#'*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*9%*4&6-6(,&]%*6#99%*%"50&%*=9,'*90#"*?,%*P%"%((%*[?,#*'%
50"(%"(%*4%*=0#"(%&*6$%5*3,-0,&*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*%g#'(6"(%'^*%"*0,(&6"(*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(
9%'*530'%'E*-6#'*(0,(*%"*=6&(6"(*4,*-l-%*]%"&%*4%*F0&-,9%'*D*6,*C0,&*4d6,C0,&4d3,#E*?,%*9d0"
%"(%"4*4%*=9,'*%"*=9,'E*4%$#%"(*%"*%FF%(*53%u*9,#**k*96*C0,&4d36>#9#()*4,*C0,&*4d6,C0,&4d3,#*k*[=S
Q@^S*a,6"(*f*96*=3&6'%*j*96*-)()0*"0,'*40""%&6*4%'*"0,$%99%'*4,*(%-='*k*[8SE*=S*@A1Ê*=%,(H
0"*$&6#-%"(*6FF#&-%&*?,d%99%*"d6*C6-6#'*)()*=&0"0"5)%*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"*C0,&"69*()9)$#')*h
RKUKRK&[&6*/2(E&'%-&9*/2(E-&\&+&$*&:2-(%&B2B$231%&+
O6"'* 4.' K*G8&E* 0"* 6,&6* -l-%* ,"%* 9#'(%* (0,(%* F6#(%* 4%* j* -l-%'* -l-%&#%'* kE* -6#'
50"'(&,#(%'*',&*,"*-04.9%*>#%"*=6&(#5,9#%&*D
Vanité des vanités : ossature de tous les os ! embouchure de la bouche, pédalité
du pied, ongularité des ongles, pensabilité du cerveau, bocalité de la grammaire,
alphabet partout, néant partout ! (p. 96).
@XA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
B%* =&05)4)* "0$6&#"#%"* -6&?,6"(* 9d#"'#'(6"5%* '%&6#(* 40"5E* 5d%'(* ,"%* "0,$%99%* =#'(%E* ,"%
(&6"'=0'#(#0"*3,-0&#'(#?,%*4%*F0&-,9%'*',=%&96(#$%'*50--%*0"*%"*5&0#'%*46"'*96*:#>9%*q
"0,'*=%"'0"'*"0(6--%"(*f*j*&0#*4%'*&0#'*kE*j*46"'*9%'*'#.59%'*4%'*'#.59%'*kE*j*'6#"(*4%'
'6#"('*k*%(*j*56"(#?,%*4%'*56"(#?,%'*k*[j*r#9*=0,&*0%#9*k*%(*j*4%"(*=0,&*4%"(*k*)(6"(*=%,(H
l(&%* f* &6==&053%&* 4%* 5%((%* ')&#%^S* R9* %'(* %"50&%* =0''#>9%* ?,d#9* 'd6]#''%* 4%* &%(&6$6#99%&* 4%'
%g=&%''#0"'*4,*96"]6]%*50,&6"(*D*j*F#"*4,*F#"*kE*j*5&.-%*4%*96*5&.-%*kE*%(*j*4%&*4%'*4%&*k
$0#&%*j*=09#5%*4%'*=09#5%'*k*%(*j*536#&*4%*-6*536#&*k*?,#*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%E*%99%'H-l-%'*#"'=#&)%'
4%*96*:#>9%
RKUKUK&;#(*$&;#(*$.&:#31%((%X:#31%((%&%(&*1()%-&&5#(-&)%'#1B$E;,(&%* j* 5r,&H5r,&* kE* j* 96-%H96-%* kE* j* 30,>6H30,>6* k* $0#&%* j* '09H'09H'09H'09* k* q* (0,'
)$0?,)'*46"'*96*=6&(#%*',&*9d6&-,&%&#%*C6&&/?,%*[6#99%,&'E*0"*"0(%*j*=0&b6H=0&b6*kE*j*(&0?,0"'H
(&0?,0"'*kE*j*I6"]%0"'HI6"]%0"'*kE*j*+0=0(69H<0(69*kÊ*0"*&%5%"'%*9%*j*]&0,=%*:69,(%6,H
:69,(%6,* k* 46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&' [=S* QW^* %(* j* '6=#%"'* '6=#%"'* k* [=S* U^* ?,#* %g#'(6#(* 5%&(%'
4)Cf*%(*?,#*50"59,(*96*9#'(%*4%*+dK$6"])9#'(%*q*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[==S*QTVHQUAÊ*0"
5&0#'6#(*j*`#469H`#469*kE*j*G%6"C%6"*k*[5FS*G%6"C%6"*+6->#%&HB6=(#FE*G%6"C%6"*850&>69#''0"^
%(*G%6"],''%HG%6"],''%*[46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*Z&)4)&#5*O6&4E*5d%'(*j*I6&#%HI6&#%*k*?,%*9d0"
5&0#'%^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*6*%"50&%*4%'*&%40,>9%-%"('*5056''%'*%"*j*20(69*20(69*k
%(* j* =0?,%((%H=0?,%((%* kE* 6,(6"(* 4%* 56'* ?,#* '%* &%"50"(&%"(* 46"'* 96* &)69#()E* 46"'* 4%'
"0-'*50--,"'*[26&4#%,*9%'*6*&%5%"')'*46"'*'0"*-)9E&//&#)'D)9&%%&:'*D*53#53#E*F90"F90"'E
=#0,=#0,'E*4646E*56"56"'E*>0,#'H>0,#'E*u0u0'E*F96HF96E*]6]6E*4040E*n#n#E*"#6"'H"#6"'E*],#9#H
],#9#Ê*4%'*"0-'*4%*9#%,*[:64%"H:64%"E*2#(#5656E*%(5S^*%(*4%'*4#-#",(#F'E*'0,$%"(*6FF%5(,%,gE
&)69#')'*f*=6&(#&*4%*96*=&%-#.&%*'/996>%*4%*5%&(6#"'*"0-'*[Z,F,*=0,&*4%*O%*Z,".'E*<0,=0,
=0,&*<0,9#40&^*-6#'*6,''#*_6u6E*M6"6E*80H80E*Z6"F6"E*2#(#E*O)4)E*+,9,E*I,HI,E*I0-0E*I#-#
q*0,*j*:)>)*20,(0,*k*53%u*a,%"%6,*%(*j*`)$)*+,5(,*k*53%u*M0$6&#"6S*20,C0,&'*46"'*9%
96"]6]%*50,&6"(E*0"*&%5%"'%*4%'*&%40,>9%-%"('*50--%*]&#H]&#E*(&6#"H(&6#"E*e5d%'(*=6'*C09#H
C09#eE*&0"H&0"E*09)H09)*0,*=6''%H=6''%*['6"'*0,>9#%&*53#53#E*4040E*>0>0E*9090E*]0]0E*40,40,E
-)-)E*=)=)E*5,5,9E*(,(,E*>6>6E*(0,(0,E*(0"(0"E*(6(6E*=6=6E*"6"6E*>)>)E*u#"Hu#"E*%(5S^*40"(
9d6,(%,&*'%*'%&(*f*9d0556'#0"*q*0"*=%"'%*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&*f*j*n#F*n#F*k*%(*f*j*>#>#*kS
K"50&%* ,"%* F0#'E* ,"%* F0&-%* 4d%"F6"5%* '%* &%(&0,$%* #5#* 50"$0?,)%* c* 5%* ?,%* 9d0"* $%,(
[&#'?,0"'* 5%((%* 3/=0(3.'%Ê* 5d%'(* ?,#((%&* ,"* %'=&#(* 4%* ')&#%,g* ?,#* "%* '%&6#(* =6'* $&6#-%"(
=&0=#5%* f* 96* 5&)6(#0"E* 5%99%H5#* '%* $0,96"(* 9#>&%* %(* 4)>&#4)%* f* 96* F6b0"* 4d,"* C%,* 4d%"F6"(* q
%(*5%96E*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*50--%"5%*=6&*,"*(&6$6#9*(0,(*=6&(#5,9#%&*',&*9%*96"]6]%E*5%*?,#
%g=9#?,%*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*5%'*-0('*&%40,>9)'S
RKVK&[&,%-&4#)"%-&)E:E(2(29%-&-#/(&T&$%1)&"#5B$%&\
RKVKOK&;)2:$%5%/(-&%(&31*')1:$%5%/(-&+&N*5B%-.&N*/*5B%-&%(&N*5B*0%+%* &%40,>9%-%"(* "%* '%* 50"(%"(%&6* 4dl(&%* #"50"]&,* c* =0,&&6* $%"#&* 'd/* "#53%&* 9d#4)%* 4d,"%
j* 40,9%,&* 4%* '0,FF&6"5%* k* [GS* NSE* =S* L@Ê* ,"%* '0&(%* 4d#-=,#''6"5%E* ,"%* #-=&%''#0"* 4%
F6(69#()*D*j*9%,&'*-)-0#&%'*'d%"*'0,$#%"4&0"(*'6"'*'%*&%-)-0&%&*k*D*#5#E*9%*40,>9%-%"(*'%*F6#(
=&%'?,%*(&#=9%-%"(*=,#'?,%*9%'*"0(#0"'*(&.'*=&053%'*4%*'0,$%"#&*%(*4%*-)-0#&%*'%*&%(&0,$%"(
%g=&#-)%'*f*(&0#'*&%=&#'%'*46"'*,"%*'%,9%*%(*-l-%*=3&6'%E*4d6#99%,&'*&%96(#$%-%"(*50,&(%S
<0,&(6"(E*9%*(&#=9%-%"(*%'(*%"50&%*=9,'*)$#4%"(*46"'*D*j*Z#"#%*96*F#"69%*D*C%*$0,4&6#'*-6"]%&
-6#"(%"6"(*4%*96*-6"]%64%*4%*-6"]%64%*k*[;SRSE*=S*TT^S*7,(&%'*56'*(0,(*6,''#*6-,'6"('*D
j*Š<0,&',#$%ud*50"(#",6*B0"'(6"5%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@WL^*%(*j*a,6"4*9%*=6''6"(*%"*=6''%H-0"(6]"%
%,(*653%$)*96*(&6$%&')%*|t}*k*[OS`SE*=S*@@1^
@X@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
;"* "0(%* -l-%* (&0#'* j* ?,64&,=9%-%"('* k* D* j* C6-6#'* C%* "d6#* =,* =6&$%"#&* f* &),''#&* f
0>(%"#&*f*6&&#$%&*f*(0,53%&*k*[$8*OS7S^*%(*f*96*&#],%,&*j**C%*"%*=%,g*=9,'*',==0&(%&*4%*-%
=0&(%&S*G%*"%*=%,g*=9,'*',==0&(%&*-6*=0&()%*k*[;SRSE*=S*1V^*-6#'*6,''#*%(*',&(0,(*D*j*Cd6#*=%,&
4d,"%*'0&(%*4d3699,5#"6(#0"*%"*3699,5#"6"(%*-6(#.&%*4d3699,5#"6(%*4d3699,5#"6(*k*[;SRSE*=STT^S
K"F#"E* 0"* 6* %"50&%* 9%* 56'E* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* @WL^* 4%'* j* &%=&)'%"(6"('* 4%* 9d7''05#6(#0"
B0""#$%"5%* kE* j* 655,')'* '0,'* 9%* ?,#"(,=9%* >0,90,40,>9%* (&#=9%* 53%F* 4%* (%&]#$%&'6(#0"
50"')5,(&#5%E*6=0'(6'#%*%(*6>696>,'*4%*&#%"'*>056,g*kS
B0"5%&"6"(* 9d)$%"(,69#()* 4d,"%* F#9#6(#0"* &3)(0&#?,%* 6,* "#$%6,* 4%* 9d,(#9#'6(#0"* 4%* 5%
=&05)4)*[f*&6==&053%&*4,*-0(H650&4)0"Ê*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d#9*/*%"*6#(*,"%*D*6$%5*N6>%96#'E
(0,(* 4d6>0&4E* %(E* =6&* %g%-=9%E* '0"* j* -0#"%* -0#"6"(* -0#")* k* q* $0#&%E* =9,'* =&053%
4%* "0,'E* P0->&0~#5u* 6$%5* 9d)?,#$69%"5%* F&6"b6#'%* 4,* j* ]&6"4* J,&9%,&* |3,&96"(}* '%'
TL
3,&9%&#%'* k q* -6#'* 6,''#* %(* ',&(0,(* :&,'56->#99%E* 6$%5* 9d#"5#=#(* 3699,5#"6"(* 4,* -)9:90#&
TV
* *
/#)' #8' +.=$7*
* * j* C%* 4)'#&%&6#'E* '0,36#(%&6#'E* $0,4&6#'E* 4%-6"4%&6#'* %(* &%?,%&&6#'
4)'#4)&6(#$%-%"(E*'0,36#(6(#$%-%"(E*$090"(6(#$%-%"(E*4%-6"46(#$%-%"(*%(*&)?,#'6(#$%-%"(
6$%5*-%'*4)'#&6(0#&%'E*'0,36#(6(0#&%'E*$090"(6(0#&%'E*4%-6"46(0#&%'*%(*&)?,#'#(6(0#&%'E*?,%
|t}*k^*46"'*9%?,%9*9%'*-l-%'*"0(#0"'*'0"(*&%4#(%'*=9,'#%,&'*F0#'S*K"F#"E*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*4%'
F0&-,9%'*>#>9#?,%'*50--%*j*M%*C,]%u*=6'*6,(&,#*D*0"*$0,'*C,]%&6*4,*C,]%-%"(*40"(*$0,'
C,]%&%u*k*?,#E*%99%'H6,''#E*0"(*'6"'*40,(%*#"F9,%"5)*9d6,(%,&S
O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*9%*40,>9%-%"(*50"5%&"%*9%'*C6->%'*-6#'*50--%
%"* =&#"5#=%E* 5%99%'H5#* '0"(* 4)Cf* 4%,gE* 0"* $6* 6''#'(%&* f* ,"%* '=%5(65,96#&%* %(* ',&&)69#'(%
-,9(#=9#56(#0"*4%'*j*56""%'*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*=6((%'*4%'*>0"'*536"(%,&'*k**D*j*M0,'*9%$#0"'
"0'*C6->%'*%(*"0'*C6"6->%'*4%*C6->6]%'E*&%50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(*36,(*k*[GSNSE*=S*11^S*2&0#'
=6]%'*6$6"(E*5%96*C6->6#(*4,&*%(*]6->646#(*4)Cf*D*j*M0,'*4%$0"'*,"#&*%"50&%*"0'*?,6(&%
C6->6]%'*f*"0'*?,6(&%*C6-6>%'*f*"0'*?,6(&%*C6->,%'*0,*f*>&6'*=0,&*$0#&*b6S*kS*<,#'E*46"'
45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*TTÊ*5%*'0"(*9%'*j*#6->%'*4%*#6->,''%'*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*C6->%'*4%
C6->,''%()*k*?,#*%"(&%&0"(*46"'*96*46"'%S
RKVKRK&J<)*-%-&)E:E(E%-&%(&*1()%-&02552"k-&"#"*--ER9* '%->9%* 40"5* ?,%* 96* &)=)(#(#0"* '%* =&)'%"(%* '0,'* ,"%* -,9(#(,4%* 4%* F0&-%'* 4#FF)&%"(%'* c
50"5%&"6"(* 9%'* &)=)(#(#0"'* 4%* =3&6'%'* ,(#9#')%'* 46"'* ,"* >,(* 4d#"'#'(6"5%* %(* 4%* -#'%'* %"
$69%,&E*0"*%"*(&0,$%*4d6''%u*596''#?,%'*53%u*M0$6&#"6*50--%*96*4%-6"4%*j8,#$%uH-0#
4d,"*=6'*9,],>&%E*#-#(%u*-6*(&#'(%''%*k*6,g*=6]%'*XQ1*%(*XQQ*4%*D.:/7.E&X'O6"'*4&'<.=$:
(&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* #9* /* 6* >#%"* 'z&* 9d%"(l(6"(* :&s7?97$;4,* j* +%* >6>#9* 4%'* 596''%'
46"]%&%,'%'E*F6,(*?,d#9*5%''%*m*k*?,#*'%&6*=0,&(6"(*-04#F#)*f*96*F#"*[=S*Q1T^*D*j*53%"#9*4%'
596''%'* -6"]%&%,'%'* kE* j* 96>#9* 4%'* 536''%'* f* 5&%,'%* kE* j* F%"#9* 4%'* "6''%'* f* =%,* k* %(
j*F0,&>#*4%'*=696>&6('*kS*O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*%(*',&*,"%*-l-%*=6]%*|t}E*9%*"0-*50--,"
j*643)'#0"*k*&%$#%"4&6*4%,g*F0#'*%(*9%*$%&>%*j*643)&%&*k*'#g*F0#'*c*?,6"(*6,*-0(*j*(%-='*kE
#9*'%&6E*6''%u*90]#?,%-%"(E*0-"#=&)'%"(*46"'*96*j*B3&0"0-653#%*kS
R9*/*6*6,''#E*-6#'*5%(*6$#'*%'(*(&0=*',>C%5(#F*=0,&*?,d#9*-)&#(%*4dl(&%*4)$%90==)E*9%*56'
,"*=%,*=6&(#5,9#%&*4%*-0('*'%*&%''%->96"(*(%99%-%"(*',&*,"*=96"*F0&-%9*?,%*9%,&*6''05#6(#0"
'%->9%*&%9%$%&*4%*96*&)=)(#(#0"S*7,(&%*56'*"0(6>9%*4%*&)=)(#(#0"*D*9%'*F6-%,'%*j*>6],%'*k*?,#E
46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*c*50,&%"(*4%*96*=6]%*@QQ*f*96*=6]%*@QTS*B%'*=3&6'%'*&)=)()%'
["0,'*6,&#0"'*=,*%"*5#(%&*4d6,(&%'^*d%'(*%"50&%*,"%*6,(&%*-0469#()*4%*96*&)=)(#(#0"*?,#E*4%
F6#(E*%'(*,"%*50"'(6"(%*"0$6&#%""%E*50--%*0"*$6*=0,$0#&*9%*50"'(6(%&*f*"0,$%6,*46"'*96
=6&(#%*?,#*',#(t
TL
**‚#(094*P0->&0~#5uE*L).8/267:.87$"#&E*&%=&#'*46"'*96*5099%5(#0"*a,6&(0HP699#-6&4S
**D.)*&/'(#'0).8('/$G*:&X'@&'L.=.)$8'\'H9:$G)&E*%"(&)%*j*:&,'56->#99%*kE*+%*+#$&%*4%*=053%E*B099%5(#0"*j*B96''#?,%'*kE*@VV1S
TV
@X1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
RKcK&?/%&-1)%/"<7)%&*$$2(E)*(29%
RKcKOK&,*&:#1--%((%&%/&:$*-(#31%
20,(%'* 9%'* 50"'0""%'* [%(* (0,(%'* 9%'* =#.5%'^* '%&0"(* 50"5%&")%'* =6&* 9%* =&05)4)* %"
?,%'(#0"*[%"*F6#(E*(0,(*9d69=36>%(*%'(*=6'')*%"*&%$,%^*c*6#"'#E*9%*j*$*k*4%*`69.&%*%(*4%*`)$)
'%*&%(&0,$%*(&.'*'0,$%"(*50--%*46"'*j*6$%&(#(*`69)&#%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@WLÊ*j*N)69#'%u*9%*&l$%
4%*96*&)69#()*&)$)9)%*D*&%9%$%uH$0,'*m*k*[7SRSE*=S*UQÊ*j*`#$#56(#0"*4%*96*$#%*k*[7SRSE*=S*XTÊ*j*9%
$09* $056''0"* 4%* -%'* $0g%'* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* 1WAÊ* 0,* j* `0#5#* ?,%* 96* $#%* %'(* 6&&#$)%* 50--%
,"%*50&$)%*f*,"*$#$6"(S*j*[GS8SE*=S*1L^*-6#'*',&(0,(*f*96*=6]%*@V*4%*4.'K*G8&*[-l-%*'#*9f
5d%'(*9%*j*`*k*%(*"0"*9%*j*$*k*?,#*'%&6*50"5%&")^*6$%5E*46"'*,"%*'%,9%*%(*-l-%*=3&6'%E
j*`#99%*kE*j*`%"46"]%,&'*kE*j*`%"]%&#%*kE*j*`%&'%,&'*kE*j*`#',%9'*`,%*%(*`#'#0"*kE*j*`#(%H
Z&.&%'*kE*j*`0/6]%,&'*k*%(*=0,&*F#"#&*j*`#6"4%*`#4%*kE*=0#"(%*"0$6&#"#%""%*90]#?,%*q*=%,
6=&.'E* 5d%'(* 9%* j* I* k* ?,#* 'd#-=0'%* 6$%5* 9%'* -0('* j* I646-%* k* [3,#(* F0#'Ê* j* I0"* k* [5#"?
F0#'Ê*j*I0"'#%,&*k*[?,6(&%*F0#'^*-6#'*6,''#*j*I%&4)9%''#%,&'*kE*j*I6"]#%&*kE*j*I6&)5369*kE
j*I)96"#%*kE*j*I6g#-#"*kE*j*I)"6"4&%*k*%(*j*I#9#(,4%*kS
<6''0"'*6&>#(&6#&%-%"(*6,*j*'*k*6$%5*j*'69%*6''6''#"*6''6''#"6"(*k*[:SBOSE*=S*1WX^*%(
j*<&0F%''%,&*8#FF9%(*'#FF96*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AUÊ*4%&"#%&*%g%-=9%*0o*96*&)=)(#(#0"*50"5%&"%*6,''#*9%
'0"*j*F*k*?,#E*50--%*9%*j*'*kE*&%$#%"(*(&0#'*F0#'*%"*(&0#'*-0('E*,"*=%,*50--%*46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"
j*<0,''%((%*%"*=96'(0?,%*k*[#"*;SNS^*0o*#9*/*6*[%"*'%,9%-%"(*4%,g*-0('^*4%,g*'0"'*j*'*kE
4%,g*'0"'*j*(*k*%(*4%,g*'0"'*j*=*kS*B%(*%FF%(*4%*40,>9%*699#()&6(#0"*',&=&%"6"(%E*%'(3)(#?,%
%(*&/(3-)%*[?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*"0-*4%*9d6,(%,&^*%'(*,"*56'*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*6''%u
'0,$%"(* q* 5%5#* 4#(E* 9%* '0"* j* '* k* '%* '#]"69%* 6,''#* 46"'* j* 80&"%((%'* 536"'0"'* 4%'* '0((%'
'0&"%((%'* m* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* 1LLÊ* j* 5%''%"(* 5%'* '5."%'* k* [7SRSE* =S* WU^* %(* j* 80"* '#FF9%-%"(
'#FF9)*k*[7SRSE*=S*L1^
<0,&*9%*'0"*j*],%,*kE*#9*'%&6*=&)'%"(*46"'*9%*&6==&053%-%"(*#"50"]&,*50"(%",*46"'
j*],#'%*4%*]#],%*k*[$8*GS8S^*%(*0"*6,&6*"0()*4d6,(&%'*&6==&053%-%"('*4%*5%*(/=%*46"'*4&
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*6$%5*j=9#"(3%E*=%#"(%*k*[=S*1@UÊ*j*2&0-=%'*4%'*(&0,=%'*k*[=S*@VW^
%(*j*4)96#'')'E*4)965)'*k*[=S*@LT^*0,*%"50&%*%(*=0,&*5#(%&*4d6,(&%'*=#.5%'*D*j*0==&%''#0"
4d#-=&%''#0"* 4d%g=&%''#0"* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1V@Ê* j* =0'()* =0&(#%&* k* [`SaSE* =S* WAÊ* j* <0#(0,* 4%
<0#(#%&'*k*[7SRSE*=S*WXÊ*j*530'%'*590'%'*k*[7SRSE*=S*@TAÊ*j*9d699#6]%*4,*9#.]%*k*[7SRSE*=S*QXÊ
j*(%&&%*#"%&(%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@QTÊ*j*Il-%*530'%\-l-%*40'%*k*[GS8SE*=S*TXÊ*j*-%,>9%'*46"'
9d#--%,>9%*k*[`SaSE*=S*LX^*0,*j*-#&0"'H"0,'*6,*-#&0#&*4%*96*-0&(*k*[7SRSE*=S*QU^S
<6''0"'*6,*'0"*j*6''%*k*6$%5*96*?,%'(#0"*j*a,d%'(H5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*k*f*96?,%99%*0"
&)=0"4*D*j*Bd%'(*9d%'=65%*?,#*'%*4)=965%*k*[8SE*=S*@AV^S*7,(&%*56'*D*5%9,#*4%'*F#"'*4%*-0('
'#-#96#&%'*&)=)()'*=9,'#%,&'*F0#'*46"'*,"%*-l-%*=3&6'%*50--%*j*()9)$#'#0"*kE*j*65(#0"*kE
j*'%&-0"*k*%(*j*4)5#'#0"*k*[`SaSE*=S*LV^S
<0,&*&%$%"#&*6,*j*F*kE*5#(0"'*j*I%'*F%--%'E*'#(s(*F9)(&#%'*f*=%#"%*F9%,&#%'E*%"F#96#%"(*4%'
',#(%'*4d%"F6"('*=%&46"('S*k*[`SaSE*=S*U1Ê*j*%99%*F90&#(E*|t}E*F0"5%*%(*(&6"'F0&-%*k*[OS`SE*=S
1UT^* %(E* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* UW^* D* j* C%* -%* F6#'* F0&(* 4%* F6#&%* F#* 4%* $0'* 6FF&0"('* k* %(* "0(0"'
%"50&%*5%((%*5056''%*6''05#6(#0"*F\53*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87*0o*9d0"*50"'(6(%*6,''#*50--%*,"%
(&0"56(#0"*[5FS*F9%,&*4%*9dp]%^*4d%g=&%''#0"*50"",%*D*j*53#%"*F6,53)*46"'*96*F9%,&*k*[=S*VV^S
a,6"(* 6,* '0"* j* 53* k* [0,* =9,(s(* j* 536"* kÊ* #9* &%$#%"(* 46"'* j* 536"'0"* 4d536->&%
536"()%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@@L^*%(*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*<%&&#"*"0(%E*46"'*4&'H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+E*4%'
699#()&6(#0"'*5&0#')%'*%"*j*(&6"53%\3053%\>0,53%\3053%(*k*%(*j*699%u\=6&9%*k*0o*#9*4#(*j*|9#&%}
UA
$090"(#%&'*,"%*4#'')-#"6(#0"*4,*K+*%(*4,*KBJ*4,*"0-*4d74&6-K+%BJ*k *O6"'*4.*>+.$)
(&':5+9??&*[96*')&#%*%'(*&%=&#'%*46"'*4&*Q&%./E*f*96*=6]%*W@^*'%&0"(*&%]&0,=)'*9%'*-0('
UA
**G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*<%&&#"E*j*!"%*$0#g*%"*(&6$6#9*kE*4.*;9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*V1S
@XQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*>%6,'%#]"%E*>6"653%'E*>%9,53%'E*>6>%('E*>6&6>6"'*k*H*=,#'E*',#$6"(*9d0&4&%*69=36>)(#?,%E
0"* 6,&6* j* 505,-%99%E* 50?,%#99%'E* 50,FF9%E* 56530"* kE* =,#'* %"50&%* 4,* j* >* k* 6$%5* j* >0,9#%E
>9%,]%E*>0,536''%'E*>0,53%&9%'E*>0,#990,*%(*>,]"%*kE*j*56&6>#530"'*k*50"(%"6"(*9%'*4%,g
9%((&%'^S* O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#* [=S* QTÊ* 9%* >* %'(* %"50&%* =&)'%"(* 46"'* 96* 9#'(%* j* :%&"6/H%"H
:&#%*|t}*:6&5%90"%E*:&6'#9#6E*:6>/90"%*|t}E*:&#$%E*:&l-%E*:0&4%6,gE*:%&"%*%(*:%'6"b0"*k
50--%*#9*9d)(6#(*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*[=S*@WQÊ*-6#'*6''05#)*f*j*4*kE*46"'*,"%*')&#%*50--%
j*O0,>%*m*kE*j*Od6>,'*m*kE*j*O%>0,('*m*kE*j*O)>,('*m*k*j*O%>0,(*m*kS
8d#"'=#&6"(*%(*'d6-,'6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*5%*]0z(*"0$6&#"#%"*=0,&*9%'*699#()&6(#0"'E*G%6"H
U@
<#%&&%*ˆ9%#"*4#&6*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*j*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*=6'*-,%(E*#9*%'(*-,6"(*k *D*j*O%*96
-l-%*F6b0"E*C%*4#&6#*?,%*',&*96*?,%'(#0"*4%*O#%,E*M0$6&#"6*%'(*4)6"(E*4)3#''6"(E*4)3#'5%"(E
5d%'(HfH4#&%*'d0,$&6"(*4%*9,#H-l-%*f*96*O#$#"#()E*6,g*O#$#"#()'*k*c*50"5%&"6"(*5%*-l-%*j*4*kE
0"*'6#(*?,%*96*9%((&%*F#(*=&0>9.-%*[509.&%*4,*=.&%E*%(5S^*f*9d0556'#0"*4d,"%*4#5()%E*9d)9.$%*`69.&%
'%*&%F,'6"(*f*-%((&%*,"%*-6C,'5,9%*f*O#%,*["0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^S*a,6"(*6,*'0"*j*&0"*kE*?,#
50&&%'=0"4*#5#*[#"*;SNS^*f*96*=&%-#.&%*=%&'0""%*4,*=9,&#%9*%(*6,*F,(,&*%"*j*0"'*kE*#9*'%*&%(&0,$%
46"'*4%'*')&#%'*50--%*j*=%"53%&0"'E*)=6"4&0"'E*&)=6"4&0"'E*4#'=%&'%&0"'*kE*%g%-=9%
=,#')* =6&-#* 4d6,(&%'* [4%* -l-%E* 46"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* j* >6>#99%u* kE
j*>6&>0,#99%u*kE*j*>6&4%u*kE*j*&%>6((%u*kE*j*>&#>0,#99%u*kE*j*>69>0,#99%u*kE*j*>69>0,(#%u*kE
j*]&6>0,#99%u*k*%(*j*]&#>0,#99%u*k*)(6#%"(*-#'*%"*=&)'%"5%*f*96*=6]%*1VL^S*<0,&*9%*j*=*kE*#9
50"5%&"%*5%&(%'*j*=9#"(3%E*=%#"(%*k*%(*j*<0,''%((%*%"*=96'(0?,%*k*-6#'*6,''#*4%'*65(#0"'
j*|'%*&)=)(6"(}*=6&(0,(*f*=%&=)(,#()*k*[OS`SE*=S*1U1^*c*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*[==S*TVHUAÊ*0"
6$6#(*5%((%*9#'(%*D*j*:%6,50,=*=0,5%E*=#%4E*=0#9E*=#053%E*=#$0(E*=0&5E*=6"(690"E*=0,(&%E*=#]%0"E
=6''%H=6''%*kS
;"*6*%"50&%*9%*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&*4%*96*9%((&%*&))5&#(%*=9,'#%,&'*F0#'*-6#'*?,#E*.'%)$9)$E*"%
'd%"(%"4*=6'*$&6#-%"(*50--%*46"'*5%((%*4#46'569#%*>#u6&&%*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*D*j*+6
36"(%*%'(*f*9%*3%#"(*4,*3#"*?,#*3#%*9%*3)*k*[=S*WX@^S*+6*&)=)(#(#0"*4%*9%((&%'E*#9*F6,(*9%*&%4#&%E
50"5%&"%&6*f*9d0556'#0"*9d6''05#6(#0"*(&.'*&6==&053)%*4%*-0('*'%*&%''%->96"(*$6],%-%"(
(%9'*?,%*j*&%"0"5%-%"(*k*%(*j*&%50--%"5%-%"(*k*f*96*=6]%*@V*4,*F.)($8'(&*)&*988.$//.8*&
0,* j* =6&(0,(* kE* j* 6,(0,&* k* %(* j* =0,&(0,&* k* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&S* O6"'* '0"* 6&(#59%* j* M0$6&#"6
U1
9dJ#96&0(&6])4#%"*k E*796#"*:0&%&*"0(%*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*9%'*j*(0,&'
90,=)'*4,*(&0,*C0,FF9,*k*0oE*50--%"(%H(H#9E*j*9d0"*4%$#"%*%"(0,&90,=%((%*k*D*f*"0,'*4%*=&05)4%&
4%*-l-%*%"*#-6]#"6"(*5%*?,%*'0,'H%"(%"4%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*(0,'*5%'*)(&6"]%'*C%,g*699#()&6(#F'S
K"*(0,(*56'E*?,d#9*'d/*=&l(%*9%*'#(,%*&3)(0&#?,%-%"(*D*x0,&5%"6&E*86&(&%*%(*86&&6,(%*"d6,&6#%"(
C6-6#'*%,*4%*(%99%'*#"#(#6(#$%'*[-6#'*=0,&*P,/0(6(E*B)9#"%*0,*a,%"%6,*D*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*'#^*D*'d
/*=&)(6"(E*#9*530#'#(*'0"*56-=E*=&#$#9)]#6"(*0,$%&(%-%"(*9%*C%,*%(*'%*4)(0,&"6"(*&64#569%-%"(
4%*96*530'%*596''#?,%S
RKcKRK&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%-&*--#/*/"%-&%(&'%-&<#5E#(E$%1(%+%'*j*(0,&'*90,=)'*4,*(&0,*C0,FF9,*k*"%*'0"(*=6'*,"%*%g5%=(#0"*56&*0"*&%(&0,$%*9%*j*0,*k
46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*(6=6C0,'*C0,FF9,'*4%*30,>90"*k*[+SISE*=S*1QA^*%(*46"'*9d%g596-6(#0"*j**7
50,=*4%*50,65'*m*k*[`SaSE*=S*QX^*6$%5*%"*=&#-%*,"*C%,*4d699#()&6(#0"\6''0"6"5%*50"5%&"6"(
6,''#*9%*j*6*k*%(*9%*j*5*kS*O6"'*,"*=6''6]%*4%*456*7&*$8*988#*0o*'0"(*-0?,)'*'#-=9#F#56(#0"'
=09#(#?,%'*%(*'90]6"'*5&%,gE*0"*6,&6*D*j*2&0,*=0,&*9%*-0,S*:0,(*=0,&*9%*(&0,S*B30,g*=0,&*9%
40,gS*G%*40,(%*4%*(0,(*k*[=S*U@^*D*#5#E*9%*j*40,g*k*%'(*6,''#*,"*4)=6&(%-%"(E*9%*O0,>'E*?,d#9
'd6]#(*4%*')4,#&%*=0,&*'%*F6#&%*)9#&%*%"*9,#*=&0-%((6"(*4%'*530,gS*;"*9%*$0#(*D*'#*9d6''0"6"5%
U@
**<#%&&%*ˆ9%#"E*j*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*=6'*-,%(E*#9*%'(*-,6"(*kE*4.';9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1AXS
**796#"*:0&%&E*j*M0$6&#"6*9dJ#96&0(&6])4#%"*kE*N.:G)&*P9;.)$8.S*L+IM7)&/*(#';&)=&*E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*UAS
U1
@XW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%'(*=6&F0#'*,(#9#')%*=6&*5%&(6#"'*-%&5%"6#&%'*4%*96*=,>9#5#()E*%99%*%'(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*50-#?,%
[%(*#5#*=6&04#?,%-%"(^*53%u*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
Bd%'(* ?,%* 9%'* $0/%99%'* '0"(* )]69%-%"(* 50"5%&")%'* %(* 5d%'(* 6#"'#* ?,%* 96* 536"'0"* 4,
j*>,"3,-*"#3#9*k*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@WX^*=0,&&6*l(&%*50"'#4)&)%*50--%*,"%*536"'0"
%"*j*,*kE*#"#(#6(#$%*f*&6==&053%&*4%*96*536"'0"*(&,FF)%*4%*j*u*k*?,%*P6#"'>0,&]*)5&#$#(*%"
30--6]%*6,*=.&%*4%*_6u#%*q*50"5%&"6"(*9%*uE*"0(0"'*96*=3&6'%*j*_0,(&%*u0u/-%*u005#4%
u04)5,=.4%*u#"u0"*u009p(&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QWQ^S*<0,&*9%*j*,*kE*#9*)(6#(*4)Cf*=&)'%"(*f*96*=6]%
TW*4%*F&*/#$/*6$%5*96*=&)'%"5%*4%'*$%&>%'*50"C,],)'*%"*j*',*kE*j*$,*kE*j*=,*kE*j*4z*kE
j*'69,%*k*%(*j*F,'*kS*I6#'*=6''0"'*',&*9%*,*?,#*F%&6E*=9,'*90#"*[46"'*j*P&6"4#0'%*%(*86,]&%",Ê
9d0>C%(*4d,"*)(,4%*=9,'*6==&0F0"4#%*D*96*9%((&%*%"*%FF%(E*=6&F0#'*9#)%*6,*$E*50"5%&"%*4%'*-0('
&%$%"6"(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*46"'*9d%"'%->9%*4%*9dr,$&%*[0"*=%"'%*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&*f*j*,(*kE*j*G%
',#'*kE*j*G)','*kE*j*ORK!\`ROK*k*%(*6,g*=&)F#g%'*%"*j*!*k*%(*%"*j*!&9,*k^*c*0&E*9%'*-0('*%"
?,%'(#0"*0"(*=&%'?,%*(0,C0,&'*,"%*4#-%"'#0"*'65&)%*q*5%*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(E*5d%'(*l(&%*56=6>9%
[0&E*"0,'*"%*9%*'0--%'*=0#"(^*4%*-%((&%*5%5#*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*9%*'(6(,(*%g65(*?,d0"(*9%'*9%((&%'
46"'*96*:#>9%E*9%*B0&6"*0,*9%*_036&*[(&6$6#9*?,#E*"0,'*9d%'=)&0"'E*'%&6*,"*C0,&*6550-=9#^S
a,6"(*f*96*F6-%,'%*j*&#-%*f*B0&>#990"*k*[j*50--%"(*9%*46"'%H(H0"*h*kE*%(5SÊ*%99%*'%&6
65(#$%-%"(*53%&53)%*f*96*=6]%*@UX*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&E*-6#'*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d6''0"6"5%'*c
%"*'#g*=3&6'%'E*0"*6,&6*%"*%FF%(*j*90"](%-='E*F0"(E*(&0-=%'E*)5,''0"E*'0"E*56(6=30"E*0"E
F0"4E*'0"(E*]6&b0"E*(0->%*kS*7*96*=6]%*VA*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*5d%'(*9%*j*0*k*?,#E*6''05#)*f
j*-*k*%(*f*j*&*k*'%&6*-#'*f*9d30""%,&*D*j*-0&(*f*96*I0&(*m*O%30&'*96*-0&(*|t}*(0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*kS
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&B*j*0&*k*'%&6*0-"#=&)'%"(*6,g*=6]%'*@QVH@WA*D*j*50&='E*-0&(E
640&%&E*640&%E*50&='*-0&(E*-0&(E*I0&(%9E*-0&(E*,-0&(E*0&40"")%E*-0&(E*=0&(%*kE*=0''#>9%*59#"
4dr#9*#"4#&%5(*f*+0,#'*4%*Z,".'*%(*f*96*F6-%,'%*j*'5."%*4,*&%$%#9*k[#"*4.*D9:$&*(&/*0).8(&#)/*D
j*R9*%'(*9d0&E*-0"'%#]"0&*kE*%(5S^S*<0,&(6"(E*=&)5#'0"'H9%*D*j*0&*k*[#4%-*=0,&*j*536"*kE*j*6''%*k
%(*j*&0"*k^*"d%'(*"#*,"%*6''0"6"5%*"#*,"%*699#()&6(#0"*-6#'*=9,(s(**,"*56'*4d30-)0()9%,(%*H
a,%"%6,E*C0,6"(*6$%5*k*,9*kE*%"*F#(*-l-%*,"*%g%&5#5%*4%*'(/9%*[j*!"*C0,&*4%*56"#5,9%*',&*,"
$)3#5,9%*0o*C%*5#&5,9%E*]%'(#5,9%*,"*F,"6->,9%*6,*>,9>%*-#",'5,9%*f*96*-6"4#>,9%*%"*$#&],9%
%(*6,*56=#(,9%*&#4#5,9%*kE*%(5S^S
O6"'*,"*4)>,(*4%*=3&6'%*4,*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*WUÊ*6,(&%*56'*f*'#]"69%&E
0"*&%(&0,$%&6*j*0#*k*46"'*j*a,0#*kE*j*=0#4'*k*%(*j*-0#*k*[5FD*j*;>C%(*$#4)*4,*a,0#E*-6(#.&%
$#4%*4d,"*=0#4'E*(%&&%*'6"'*-0#*k^*%(*6#99%,&'*D*j*;o*%'(*5%*?,0#*h*a,#*%'(H5%(*%"4&0#(*h*k
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*j*90#'*%"*>0#'*4d-0#*k*%(*j*%"*?,0#*k*[=S*VL^S*B%'*C%,gE
F&)?,%"('E*6,(0,&*4%*j*0#*k*%(*4%*j*?,0#*k*(&0,$%"(*9%,&*0&#]#"%*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*D*j*B0#"
C6#99#E*(0,53%u*9%*?,0#*m*|t}*N0#E*%"(&%uE*50&"%u*-0"*50#"*k*[=S*V@^S
a,6"(*f*j*%*kE*9%*'0"*50"5%&"%*4%'*C%,gE*F&)?,%"('*6,''#*[$0#&*;SRSE*=S*TWE*=6&*%g%-=9%Ê
0o*9d0"*(0,&"%&6*6,(0,&*4%*j*O#%,*kE*4%*j*4%,g*kE*4%*j*5#%,g*kE*4%*j*$#%,g*kE*4%*j*/%,g*k
%(\0,*4%*j*9#%,*k*H*5d%'(*?,%*46"'*9%'*j*$#%,g*5#%,g*k*'%*5653%*,"*j*4#%,*$#%,g*k*q*?,6"(
f*j*C%*kE*'d#9*"d6*j*=9,'*4%*9#%,*kE*5d%'(*=6&5%*?,d#9*j*"d%'(*=9,'*4%,g*k*-6#'*#9*9,#*&%'(%*'%'
j*/%,g*4%,g*k*[BSJSE*=S*@Q1Ê*=0,&*j*90,53%&*k*%(*=0,&*=9%,&%&S*<0,&*=6''%&*f*j*#*kE*#9*/*%"*6
=30")(#?,%-%"(*j*'#g*k*%"*5#"?*-0('*f*96*=6]%*UL*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*[5%*?,#*%'(
,"*$)&#(6>9%*%g=90#(^*D*j*R5#E*f*R''/E*f*R$&/*kS*O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*1@W^
'%*50"'(#(,%*-l-%*(0,(%*,"%*])")690]#%*>#>9#?,%*f*=6&(#&*4%*96*9%((&%*R*%(*0"*&%C0,%*6$%5*9%
#*f*96*=6]%*1A@*[j*M0"E*J#&?,%E*=6'*J#9?,%E*=6'*J#-?,%*k^*%(*f*96*=6]%*1AT*[j*J#9%E*J#&%E
J#-%E*J#&?,%E*R&?*k^S
O6"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*90"],%*9#'(%*'d6==6&%"(6"(*f*,"%*(%"(6(#$%*4d)=,#'%-%"(*%(*F#],&6"(
46"'*4&*@$/*9#)/*(&/*.8$?.#A*[4%*96*=6]%*1W1*f*1WUÊ*0"*6''#'(%*f*,"*F%'(#$69*4%*=&)F#g%'
F#g6"(* ,"%* 9#-#(%E* #"4#?,6"(* ,"%* #-=0''#>#9#()* %(\0,* #"4#?,6"(* ,"* -6"?,%* [0,* =9,(s(* ,"
j*-#"?,%*k^*$0#&%*,"*4)F6,(*D*j*#"*k*%(*j*#-*k*'0"(*%"*%FF%(*,9(&6H&%=&)'%"()'*[',&(0,(*6,*4)>,(
@XX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4%*96*9#'(%^*-l-%*'#*j*#&&*k*(#&%*6''%u*>#%"*'0"*)=#"]9%*4,*C%,*[(6"4#'*?,%*9%'*=&)F#g%'*%"
j*#9*kE*j*#"9*k*%(*j*#99*k*'0"(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*&6&%'^S*+#&%*,"%*9#'(%*4%*5%((%*'0&(%E*5d%'(*50--%
6''#'(%&*f*,"%*50,&'%*4%*9%((&%'*%(*4d30-)0()9%,(%'*[f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"%*9,((%*4%
-0('^*D*?,#*6*]6]")E*4%*j*#"*k*0,*4%*j*#-*k*h*a,#4*4%*9d9#7/$(&)*%(*4%'*96"(%&"%'*&0,]%'*h
a,d6H(H0"*$8'E$8&*=&)F)&)*h*a,%9*F,(*9%*530#g*4%*96*8%,9%*f*B)4#99%*h*2%99%'*'0"(*9%'*?,%'(#0"'
=6(6'=0&(#$%'*?,d0"*=%,(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*'%*=0'%&*%"*9#'6"(*5%*(/=%*4%*(%g(%S
K"*F6#(E*'#*9d0"*'%*50"(%"(%*4%*9#&%*"0'*&%-6&?,%'*[%(*5%99%*4d796#"*:0&%&^*50"5%&"6"(
5%*=&05)4)H9fE*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*5&0#&%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*["0,'*F6#'0"'*"0(6--%"(*699,'#0"
6,g* Q&;&8&87&/E* 4%* <%&%5^* 6* ,"* F0"5(#0""%-%"(* 0,9#=#%"S* ;&E* %(* -l-%* '#* 5%96* =%,(
=6&6w(&%*#"5&0/6>9%E*#9*"d%'(*=6'*5%&(6#"*?,%*(0,(%'*5%'*&)=)(#(#0"'*5056''%'*[699#()&6(#0"'E
30-)0(3)9%,(%'*%(*&%40,>9%-%"('*&%9%$6"(*4,*=9)0"6'-%^*'0#%"(*$0,9,%'*c*5%96E*%"*%FF%(E
$#%"(* =%,(Hl(&%* '0,'* 96* =9,-%* -6#'* %"50&%* F6,(H#9* 6$0#&* 9d#4)%E* 96* =&)'%"5%* 4d%'=&#(* [%(* 9%
(69%"(^*4%*96#''%&*9%'*530'%'*%"*9d)(6(*56&*5d%'(*',&(0,(*'0,'*9%*&6==0&(*4,*&/(3-%*?,%*'0"(
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*#"()&%''6"(%'*6''0"6"5%'*%(*699#()&6(#0"'S
RKqK&,P#B-(2/E%&:%)-2-(*/"%&'1&92*/'*(
RKqKOK&L%*/N%*/&4*2(&'1&9E$#
+d,(#9#'6(#0"* 50"'(6"(%* 4%* 96* (6,(090]#%* q* $0#&%* 4%* 96* ',=%&H(6,(090]#%* [46"'* j* -l-%
-l-%&#%* k^* q* &%C0#"(* %(* =%&-%(* 4d#99,'(&%&* 96* =%&'#'(6"5%* 4%* 9dl(&%S* +6* 530'%* '%* &%=&04,#(
C,'(%*6=&.'*?,d%99%*=6&6w(S*Bd%'(*?,d%99%*%'(S*B%96*#-=9#?,%*,"*40,>9%-%"(E*,"*(&#=9%-%"(E*,"
?,64&,=9%-%"(E*,"*?,#"(,=9%-%"(E*,"*'%g(,=9%-%"(*q*%(*%g5)()&%-%"(*=,#'*=0,''#.&%-%"(E
=0,&&6#(H0"*6C0,(%&*%"*=6&04#6"(*(&.'*-69*9d6,(%,&S*+dr,$&%*?,#*6>0&4%*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(*5%
(3.-%*%'(*#"50"(%'(6>9%-%"(*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[9%*(#(&%*%"*40""6"(*4)Cf*,"*=%(#(*6=%&b,^
%(*9d#-6]%*96*=9,'*%FF#565%*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*5%99%*4,*5/59#'(%*4%*96*=6]%*VQ*'%*&%=&04,#'6"(*',&
'%'*&0,%'*=0,&*6==6&6w(&%*[f*'0#*%(*f*6,(&,#E*5%*?,#E*#5#E*&%$#%"(*6,*-l-%*=,#'?,%*5d%'(*,"
4#690],%*f*96*I0"'#%,&*I0"'#%,&*6,?,%9*"0,'*6''#'(0"'^*D
Lâchant guidon, au miroir en passant, j’ai adressu à mon corps quand je le vis
m’arriver : « Hé-ho mon corps : vous devriez travailler pour rouler ! arrêtez de
passer toujours par où vous vous arrêtez ! » Mais mon corps reprit en reprenant :
« Arrêtez de parler, vilain cycliste : car vous devriez vous taire au lieu de toujours
vous reproduire sur vos roues pour m’apparaître ».
+d6$6"5)%*4%*96*-653#"%*40""%*%"*%FF%(*9d#4)%*4d,"*-0,$%-%"(*$%&'*9d6$6"(*[50--%*'d#9*/
6$6#(*j*4%*-0#"'*%"*-0#"'*4%*=6'')*k*6,*F,&*%(*f*-%',&%*?,%*9%'*n#90-.(&%'*4)F#9%"(^*%(
9d#-=&%''#0"*?,d699%&*$%&'*9d6$%"#&*%'(*9%*'%,9*-0/%"*4dl(&%*=&)'%"(*6,*=&)'%"(*=0,&*9d7"#-69
4,*(%-='S
K"*'0--%E*#9*"d/*6*=6'*(&%"(%H'#g*=0''#>#9#()'*c*96*530'%*[0,*9dl(&%^*40#(*'%*&%=&04,#&%*=0,&
50"(#",%&*f*l(&%S*B%*(&6$6#9E*5%*',#$#E*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*9%'*$%&>%&#%'*%(*-l-%*9%'*-l-%'
-l-%&#%'* [?,#* =%,$%"(* =6&F0#'* '%* 50"F0"4&%* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(^* D* '0#* '%* 4)40,>9%* %(* 9%'
530'%'*530'%"(*(6"4#'*?,%*9d30--%*30--%*%(*?,%*9%'*>l(%'*>l(%"(S*R4%-*=0,&*9d0>C%(*?,#
=%&'#'(%*f*0>C%&E*9%'*-%->&%'*f*-%->&%&E*9dl(&%*f*l(&%&E*9%*5&p"%*f*5&p"%&*%(*96*(l(%*f*(l(%&*56&E
]&p5%*f*96*>0,53%*%(*f*9d#-6]%*4d,"*%"F6"(E*96*(l(%*(.(%E*>0#(*%(*-6"]%*=0,&*l(&%*%g65(%-%"(
%"*-l-%*(%-='*?,%*9%*50&='*?,d%99%*6550-=6]"%*%(*6#4%*[4d6#99%,&'*=6'*-69^*f*l(&%E*9,#*?,#
50[,^&(E*9%*50&='E*f*'6*=%&(%E*4%*F6b0"*F0&5)-%"(*-0#"'*5)&)>&69%*q*(0,(*5%5#*4#(*46"'*,"%
=%&'=%5(#$%*%(*,"*%'=&#(*$6],%-%"(*"0$6&#"#%"'S*B%*C%,*=%,(*'d6==9#?,%&*f*(0,(*5%*?,#*%'(*D
9d6,(&%*6,(&%*%(*-l-%*-l-%*-l-%S*8#*96*$#%*%'(*=0''#>9%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*=6&5%*?,%
@XT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
9%*-l-%*-d6#-%*c*'#"0"E*#9*-%*96#''%&6#(*(0->%&*%(*#9*'%&6#(*690&'*(&.'*4#FF#5#9%*4%*50"(#",%&
f*l(&%*%(*f*6#-%&*6#-%&S
;"*$0#(*#5#*96*F6-#9#6&#()*%"(&%*l(&%&#%E*$%&>%&#%*%(*-l-%&#%*D*5%((%*F6-#9#6&#()*'%*4#(*4%
F6b0"*50-#?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*5%*?,#*"0,'*=0,''%*[4d0o*9%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*=6&F0#'*,"*=%,
=6(6=3/'#?,%'*=&0=0')%'*46"'*5%((%*'0,'H*=6&(#%^*f*50"'#4)&%&*96*?,%'(#0"*'0,'*5%(*6"]9%S
Bd%'(* ,"%* 6,(&%* -6"#.&%* 4%* '#]"#F#%&E* 50--%* P%&(&,4%* 8(%#"E* ?,d,"%* &0'%* %'(* ,"%* &0'%
%'(* ,"%* &0'%* %'(* ,"%* &0'%* [53%u* 9,#E* 9%'* &0'%'* &0'%"(* -6#'* 5%96* &%$#%"(* 6,* -l-%^* 0,* 4%
4)50-=0'%&E*50--%*I6&5%9*O,536-=E*9%*P#'(&/*&8(.87':5&/*.:$&)X'O6"'*j*8%*&%=&04,#&%
'0#H-l-%* %"* =9,'#%,&'* G%6"* 80#* k* [$8* BSJSÊ* 9%* 4&6-6(,&]%* '%->9%* -l-%* 4)5&#&%* 9%* ",
4,536-=#%"* [?,#* %'(* 6,''#E* =6&640g69%-%"(E* ,"* ",* %"* >0#'E* 5%* ?,#* %'(* (&.'* "0$6&#"#%"^
%(* #9* '%&6#(* #"()&%''6"(* 4%* 9,#* 4%-6"4%&* 'd#9* "d6$6#(* =6'* 9dr,$&%* f* 9d%'=&#(* %"* )5&#$6"(* 5%
(/=%* 4%* =3&6'%S* O%* -l-%E* 46"'* ,"%* =3&6'%* 50--%* j* G%* -6&53%* 46"'* 9d%'=65%* %"* -%
4)=6''6"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*WLAÊ*9%*4)=965%-%"(\4)=6''%-%"(*50"5%&"%*?,%9?,d,"*?,#*"d6&&l(%
=6'*4%*'%*=6''%&*4%$6"(E*'d6,(0H4)=6''6"(E*'d6,(0H4)=6''6"(E*'d6,(0H4)=6''6"(t
RKqKRK&L%N%
7,* F0"4E* 9d6==6&#(#0"* 4d746-* =0,&&6#(* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* '%* &)',-%&* =6&* D* j* K"(&%* ,"
=%&'0""6]%*50--%*-0#*?,#*4#'6*(0,C0,&'*C%C%*6,*9#%,*4%*C%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAU^*D*#9*'d6]#(*40"5
4d,"*%FF%(*50-#?,%*=&053%*4,*>)]6#%-%"(*%(*[u%,]-%*&6()^*4%*"%*=6'*$0#&*=6&(0,(*9d0->&%*4%
:6&,53*8=#"0u6E*96*$6&#6(#0"*',&*9%*(3.-%*)(6"(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*%'(3)(#?,%*%(*3,-0&#'(#?,%S
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%*96*=6&(*F6#(%*6,*'%,9*50-#?,%E*#9*/*6*40"5*=%&-6"%"5%*4%*9dl(&%*[4%
G%6"E*4%*'0#*%(*4%*C%^*%(*96*(6,(090]#%*%"*&%"4*>#%"*50-=(%E*%"*40""%*,"%*>0""%*#4)%S*7,
F0"4E*5%((%*F#],&%*?,#*'d6==6&%"(%*F#"69%-%"(*-0#"'*f*,"%*F#],&%*?,df*,"*$)&#(6>9%*=&#"5#=%
=3#90'0=3#?,%*6/6"(*6$0#&*6$%5*9d*#4#0(#%E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*9d%g#'(%"5%*q*B9)-%"(*N0''%(E*?,#*6
(&6#()*4%*9d#4#0(#%E*=0,&&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*699%&*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*5%((%*#4)%S*j*Bd)(6#(*6,*(%-='*0o
:&,g%99%'*>&,g%996#(*k*F,(*96*$6&#6(#0"*])0]&6=3#50H9#"],#'(#?,%*4%*G65?,%'*:&%9*',&*9%*(3.-%E
96*=%&-6"%"5%*&%96(#$%*4%*96*>&,g%99%&#%*[:&,g%99%'*"%*>&,g%996"(*=9,'^*50"5%&"6"(*53%u*9,#
,"*]&0,=%*50"'#4)&6>9%*4d#"4#$#4,'*c*M0$6&#"6E*9,#E*$6*%"50&%*=9,'*90#"*%"*=6&96"(*4%*(0,'*9%'
30--%'E*4%*9d30--%*30--6"(E*4%*G%6"E*4d746-E*4,*-0"4%*%(*4%*(0,(*(/=%*4%*$#%S
O%*-l-%E*#9*"%*'%*50"(%"(%&6*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*4d#99,'(&%&*9d#4)%*4%*4,&)%*%"*-%((6"(
%"*6$6"(*9d#-6]%E*%FF#565%E*4d,"*j*$#96#"*5/59#'(%*k*?,#*'%&6#(*9d30--%S*Bd%'(*?,d746-*%'(*#5#
j*9%*F0&]%&0"*4%*|'0#H-l-%}*k*%(*9d0,$&#%&*4%*'%'*/%,g*k*[BSJSE*=S*1TL^*c*5%*?,d#9*F6,(*=%,(H
l(&%*50-=&%"4&%E*5d%'(*?,d#9*/*%'(*?,6"4*-l-%*,"*=%(#(*=%,*=0,&*?,%9?,%*530'%*D*j*(#%"'
>#%"* &6#4%E* F6,(* =6'* -099#&* k* 4#(* 9%* 5&)09%S* 7,* F0"4E* 9dl(&,-6#"* "0$6&#"#%"* '%->9%* =9,'* 0,
-0#"'*50"'5#%"(*4,*=&0>9.-%E*9,#*40"(*9%*=&0C%(*4%*$#%*50"'#'(%*C,'(%-%"(*f*j*$#$&%*%"*$#F*kE
f*j*',&$#$&%*f*3#%&*k*%(*j*6((%#"4&%*',&9%"4%-6#"*k*[BSJSE*=S*1X1Ê*$0#&%*4%*=&0,$%&*?,d#9*"d%'(
=6'*46"'*9%*=96(*%(*4%*j*|=&0,$%&}*'6*=&%,$%&#%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QA@^S*7*96*=6]%*QU@E*=9,'#%,&'*]%"'
&%'(%"(*j*G%6"*k*-6#'*5d%'(*,"*G%6"*?,#*'d6==6&6w(*f*'0#H-l-%*%(*(d6==6&6w(*f*(0#H-l-%*c
53%u*'0#*%(*53%u*6,(&,#E*(l(%*%(*50&='*'%*&%"0,$%99%"(*q*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*[5%5#*=0,&*"%*=6'
=0'%&*?,%*+d746-*4,&%^*&%4#&%*6#"'#*D*746-*(#%"(*9%*50,=*-69]&)*(0,(*[-%''6]%*6,*F0"4
(&.'*=0'#(#F^S
M0"0>'(6"(E*#9*/*6*4%'*%-=l53%-%"('E*4%'*F&%#"'*c*(0,(*"d%'(*=6'*'#*F65#9%*"#*"%*'%*F6#(
(0,(*'%,9*D*9%*j*F#%&*,"#$%&'*?,#*%''6/%*4%*'d%"]%"4&%&*k[BSJSE*=S*W@V^*/*=6&$#%"(H#9*(0,C0,&'*h
!"%*96''#(,4%*=%,(*'d#"'(6,&%&*D*5d%'(*?,d#9*F6,(*',==0&(%&*96*j*'#"#'(&%*&)=)(#(#0"*4%*96*536"'0"
#4%"(#?,%*4,*-l-%*-0"4%*=6&*9,#H-l-%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1TQ^S*Il-%*536"'0"*46"'*4&'F.)($8
(&')&*988.$//.8*&*D*j*O%=,#'*?,%*9d30--%*',55.4%*f*9d30--%E*-0"*6==6&#(#0"*3,-6#"%
%'(*,"%*&%4#(%*k*[=S*WX^*c*%(*0"*'%*4%-6"4%*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'[=S*@@W^*D*j*G,'?,d0o
96*=&09#F)&6(#0"*3,-6#"%*6,&6H(H%99%*$6"#()*4d6$0#&*9#%,*h*k*I6#'*5%((%*j*'#"#'(&%*&)=)(#(#0"*k
@XU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
)(6#(*4)Cf*4)=90&)%*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*@QU^D*j*+dJ,-6"#()*536"(6#(*4,*-0"4%
9d#--0"4%*&)=)(#(#0"*D*,"*C0,&*=9,'*,"*C0,&*=9,'*,"*C0,&*=9,'*,"*C0,&*k*c*0&E*j*|5%}*C0,&*"d6*=6'
'0"*=6&%#9*=0,&*l(&%*'%->96>9%*6,g*6,(&%'*kS
8#]"690"'*6,*=6''6]%*?,%*9%*5#")-6*6-)&#56#"*6*',*6>0&4%&*(69%"(,%,'%-%"(*5%*(3.-%
46"'*4&'q9#)'(&':.'?.)?977&B'F#9-*4d6#99%,&'*)$0?,)*[5%*"d%'(*=6'*,"*36'6&4^*=6&*P,#996,-%
UQ
7''%9#"*46"'*j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*D*4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-% E*&6==%96"(
=6&*-0-%"('*[6,*-0#"'*46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%^*9d3,-0,&*4d,"*I6&5%9*7/-)*%(*6$%5*,"*65(%,&E
:#99* I,&&6/E* 56=6>9%* 4d%g=&#-%&* ,"%* 96''#(,4%* 50-#?,%-%"(* >%5n%((#%""%* 4%$6"(* 9%* C0,&
[(0,C0,&'*9%*-l-%^*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4%*$#$&%S*6'*987).)$9E*53%u*M0$6&#"6*D*=6'*4%*F6"(6'(#?,%*"#
4%*'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"*D*5%*C0,&*'%*&)=)(6"(*"d%'(*6,(&%*?,%*96*$#%S
B%* ?,#* 50-=9#?,%* %(* 50&'%* 9%* (0,(E* 5d%'(* ?,6"4* 9d%"(&0=#%* %(* 96* 50"'5#%"5%* 4d,"%* F#"
=&0536#"%*'d%"*-l9%"(*%(*%"(&%"(*46"'*96*46"'%*D*j*`0/%u*9%*'09*50--%*#9*%'(*>6'*c*$0/%u
50--%*Cd/*(0->%*%(*Cd/*(0->%*kE*j*(0->%&*k*"d)(6"(*6,(&%*?,d,"%*"0,$%99%*$%&>%&#%*F0&-)%
f*=6&(#&*4%*5%((%*(0->%*?,#*'%*5&%,'%*'0,'*'0#*[;"*/*(0->%*m*;"*/*(0->%*m^S*Bd%'(*?,d#5#E
j*=%&'#'(%&*%"*$#6"4%&#%*k*)?,#$6,(*=&%'?,%*f*e-0,&#&*f*=%(#(*F%,eS*K(*',&(0,(*40"5*E*#9*/*6
,"%*>,(()%*D*j*+d30--%*&%=&04,#(*9d30--%*C,'?,df*-0&(*4d30--%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WXW^S*O#FF#5#9%
4d30--%&*46"'*5%'*50"4#(#0"'E*6$%5*5%((%*50"'5#%"5%S
RKqKUK&L#2%&%(&92(%--%
K"*'0--%E*9d30--%*"%*40#(*=6'*F6#&%*9d6"]%*"#*96*>l(%*"#*-l-%*9d30--%E*C0,%&*f*9d30--%
-6#'*>%9*%(*>#%"*30--%&*%(*=%&'#'(%&*46"'*5%(*j*30--p(*kE*5%*?,#*"d%'(*'#*)$#4%"(*?,%*5%96S
R9*F6,(*30--%&*50--%*#9*'#%4*D*l(&%*%"*$#6"4%*%(*%"*$#%*"%*',FF#(*=6'*56&*5d%'(*j*%"*$#6"4%E
%"*$#%*%(*%"*$#(%''%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1UT^*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4dl(&%S*<6'*4%*$#6"4%*4%*]96'*?,#*(#%""%*[%(
?,#*(#%""%*4%>0,(^*56&E*.'*987).)$9E*j*9d30--%*?,#*4d,"%*-l-%*$#(%''%*'(6]"%*%(*'(6]"%&6
%'(*=%&4,*=0,&*'0"*50&='*k*[BSJSE*=S*WAW^*c*6,(&%-%"(*4#(*D*#9*'d6]#(*4%*50"(#",%&*f*$#6"4%&
[=%&'#'(%&*f*j*l(&%&*k*h^*f*96*j*$#(%''%*]&6"4*`*k*q*5%*?,#*&%$#%"(*f*4#&%*j*]&6"4*!*k*[5FS*4,
j*,(*k*0&#]#"%9*%(*4%*5%((%*9,-#.&%*4,*4)=6&(*?,#*4,&%*(0,C0,&'^S*K"*'0--%c*9%*j*C%*k*$%,(
50"(#",%&*f*l(&%*$#$6"(E*-0,$6"(E*50-#?,%*%(*(&6$%&')*$0#&%*)-0,$6"(S
B%* (&6$6#9* 4%* =%&-6"%"(%* =%&-6"%"5%&#%* [0"* $0#(* ?,%* "0,'* '0--%'* 6,* 4#6=6'0"
"0$6&#"#%"^*50"5%&"%*>#%"*'z&*)]69%-%"(*9d6"#-69*[-l-%*'#*5%*4%&"#%&*"d6*=6'*%"*(3)0&#%
96*=0''#>#9#()*4d%"*6$0#&*96*50"'5#%"5%^*D*9%*j*56"6&4*4%*56"6&4%(*k*[BSJSE*=S*W@^*56"6&4%E
&%56"6&4%* %(* &%56"6&4%&6* C,'?,d6,* -0-%"(* 0oE* 56"6&4)E* F6,53)* =6&* 96* B6"6&4%* [96
B6-6&4%*4%'*56"6&4'Ê*=&%"4&6*F#"*96*56"6&4%&#%*?,%*F,(*'6*56"6&4%*4%*$#%S*20,(*"%*'%&6
4d6#99%,&'*=6'*50-=9.(%-%"(*F#"#*6=&.'*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*9%'*j*l(&%'*=69,4)%"'*k*4%*a,%"%6,
j* |50"(#",%&0"(}* f* $#$&%* \* K"]%"4&6"(* 4%* "0,$%6,* l(&%'* =69,4)%"'* k* %(* ?,df* 9d#"'(6&* 4%
P6"%'3E* :6>6&* &%>6>6&#&6* '6"'* 40,(%* '0,'* ,"%* F0&-%* "0,$%99%* q* ?,6"(* f* 8#$6E* 5%* '0"(
'%'*>&6'*?,#*',]].&%"(*,"%*$#%*'%*&)=)(6"(*4,536-=#%""%-%"(E*6$%5*9%*-0,$%-%"(*?,#*$6
6$%5S*N%=&)5#'0"'*?,d#5#E*0"*"%*'%*-,9(#=9#%*=6'*(&0#'*F0#'*=6&*C0,&*[50--%*f*96*=6]%*1T1*4%
4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&Ê*-6#'*f*9d#"F#"#*C,'?,df*96*-0&(*q*=0,&*9%*-%#99%,&*%(*=0,&*9%*=#&%S
+%*=9,'*)(&6"]%*%'(*?,%*5%96E*5%*(&6$6#9E*'%->9%*50"(#",%&*6=&.'*96*$#%*c*5d%'(*9d)9)-%"(
"0,$%6,E* %(* (&.'* (&0,>96"(E* ?,#* 6==6&6w(* 46"'* 4&' F.)($8' (&' )&*988.$//.8*&* D* j* `0#5#* 96
'%50"4%* F0#'* ?,%* $0(&%* 5646$&%* &%4%$#%"(* '0,46#"%-%"(* 96* -l-%* 530'%* k* [=S* XX^S* +6
?,%'(#0"* ?,d#9* 'd6]#&6#(* 4%* =0'%&* f* 9d6,(%,&* %'(* #5#* 96* ',#$6"(%* D* =0,&&6#(H0"* 6,''#* '69,%&* 9%
(&6$6#9*4%*9d%"(&0=#%*h*<0,&&6#(H0"E*6,*9#%,*4%*96*j*|&%53%&53%&}*kE*50--%*46"'*9%*F6-%,g
(%g(%* 4d7&(6,4E* F)9#5#(%&* 96* F)569#()* h* <0,&&6#(H0"* #"()]&%&* e:&6$0* 96* -%&4%* me* f* ,"%* 9#'(%
4%* '90]6"'* h* 7,''#* '56(090]#?,%* ?,%* 5%96* =,#''%* =6&6w(&%E* 5%5#* F6#(* =6&(#%* 4%'* $&6#%'
UQ
**P,#996,-%*7''%9#"E*j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*D*4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-%*kE*4.*=9#*+&*7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=*LQS
@XL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
0>'5,&#()'*"0$6&#"#%""%'*[9d6,(%,&*)(6"(*#5#*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*&64#569*?,%*B3&#'(#6"*<&#]%"(E
'0"*(69%"(,%,g*5099.],%^S*a,6"(*f*e:&6$0*9%'*5%"4&%'*meE*e`#$%*96*=0,''#.&%*meE*eK"*6$6"(
96*&0,#99%*meE*eZ6#(%'*9%*530#g*4%*9d%"(&0=#%*me*%(*eJ0,&&6*96*=0,&&#(,&%*meE*'0"(H5%*4%'*'90]6"'
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* 50"5%$6>9%'* h* M0$6&#"6* =0,&&6#(H#9* &%C0#"4&%* 7&&6>69* 5&#6"(* [=0,&* 4%'
&6#'0"'* 5%&(%'* =9,'* =09#(#?,%'^* j* `#$6* 96* -,%&(%* m* k* h* +%* F6#(* %'(* ?,d0"* "d6* =6'* $&6#-%"(
9d)?,#$69%"(*4%*5%*(/=%*4%*'90]6"'*46"'*9%'*9#'(%'*4%'*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*$0#5#S*a,d%'(H5%*f
4#&%*h*a,%*9d6,(%,&*"d%'(*=6'*6,''#*(60{'(%*?,d#9*9%*'0,36#(%&6#(*h*Bd%'(*9d3/=0(3.'%*?,%*"0,'
)-%((0"'S
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*-0&(*%(*=6'')*"%*'0"(*=6'*'0,$%"(*=&)'%"()'*50--%*)(6"(*-0(%,&'
4%[\46"'^*9dl(&%*%(*=0,&*?,%*9dl(&%*'0#(*[%(*=%&'#'(%*46"'*5%((%*$0#%*4#FF#5#9%^*56&*96*F65,9()*f*'%
4)40,>9%&\&%"0,$%9%&*f*9d#"F#"#*=0,&*l(&%*5%*?,d0"*%'(*6*',&(0,(*f*$0#&*6$%5*96*C0#%*[50--%
53%u*8=#"0u6^D*j*8#*$0,'*6$#%u*50"",*9d30--%*4,*O0,>9%-%"(E*$0,'*6,&#%u*50"",*9d30--%
f*C0#%*40,>9%S*Bd%'(*-0#S*k*[GSNSE*=S*XA^S*:&%FE*46"'*9%*-6(53*6536&")*?,%*'%*9#$&%"(*K"(&0=#%
[<6''#0"'* (&#'(%'E* %(5S^* %(* `#6"4%&#%* [G0#%* 4%* $#$&%E* %(5SÊ* #9* '%->9%&6#(* ?,%* 5%* '0#(* 5%((%
4%&"#.&%*?,#*9d%-=0&(%*q*-6#'*4%*C,'(%''%S
RKqKVK&Y2)*"$%&'%&$*&)#-%
+%*(3.-%*&%$#%"(*40"5*%"*F0&5%*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*0o*96*F6-%,'%*=3&6'%
4%*P%&(&,4%*8(%#"*6"69/'6"(*f*'6*F6b0"*9%*j*-#&659%*4%*96*&0'%*k*'%->9%*(&6"'=0')%*46"'
j*$0/%u*50--%*9d%'=65%*%'(*-,9(#=9#)*=6&*9%'*0&%#99%'*=6&*9%'*0&%#99%'*=6&*9%'*0&%#99%'*=6&*9%'
0&%#99%'*k*[=S*1U^D*5d%'(*?,%*96*=%&5%=(#0"*40#(*'%*4)40,>9%&*4%*50"5%&(*D*'#*9%*&)%9*%'(*9fE*5d%'(
?,%*9d%'=65%*'%*-,9(#=9#%*%(*9%'*0&%#99%'*'%*F0"(*9d)530*4%*5%((%*=&)'%"5%*%"*'%*-,9(#=9#6"(
6,''#E*,"*=%,*50--%*,"%*530&69%*4d0&%#99%'S
O%*-l-%E*?,6"4*M0$6&#"6*F6#(*,"*(#(&%*4%*j*G%*',#'*kE*#9*"0,'*4#(*=%,(Hl(&%*5%5#*D*?,6"4
0"*4#(*G%*',#'E*5%*?,d0"*4#(*6,''#E*5d%'(*?,%*C%*',#'*,"*53%-#"E*,"%*&0,(%*0,*?,%9?,d,"S*;&E
5%*?,%9?,d,"E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*'0#S*R5#E*46"'*5%*56'E*'0#*',#(*'0#*?,#*',#(*'0#*?,#*',#(*'0#*?,#*',#(
'0#*D*>&%FE*5d%'(*-0#S*Bd%'(*=0,&*5%96*%(*%"*5%96*?,%*'0#*%'(*%(*?,%*C%*',#'E*%(*?,%*'0#*%'(*5%
?,%*C%*',#'*D*C%*',#'*5%*?,%*C%*',#'E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*'0#E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*-0#*q*5%96*4#(E*%"*=9,'*4%
9d6->#],{()*%"(&%*j*l(&%*k*%(*j*',#$&%*kE*#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*4%*(&.'*]&6"4%'*4#FF)&%"5%'
%"(&%*'0#E*-0#*%(*C%*['6"'*50-=(%&*j*-%0*kE*j*%]0*k*%(*j*>#>#*k^S
a,d%99%*'d%FF%5(,%*',&*9%'*4%,g*&0,%'*4d,"*$)90*0,*=6'E*5%((%*&%=&04,5(#0"*f*9d#"F#"#*4%*'0#
[%(*4,*-0"4%*6,(0,&*4%*'0#^*=%,(*6,''#*l(&%*&%F,')%*-6#'*690&'*[$0#&*GSNSE*=S*X1^*50--%"(
j*|4)>6&&6''%&*'0"*50&='}*4,*C%C%*k*h*O6"'*5%((%*6FF6#&%E*F65%*f*5%*=&0>9.-%E*9d6,(%,&*6*,"
'(6(,(*'=)5#69*D*9dr,$&%*6$6"5%E*9dr,$&%*r,$&%E*9%*(&6#"*"%*(&6w"%*=6'S*+dr,$&%*%'(*,"*40,>9%
4,*50&='S*K(*5%*50&='*$#(*'6*$#%*4%*50&='S*B%96*'%*=6''%*6#99%,&'S*R9*"d%'(*=6'*=0''#>9%*4d%"
=6&9%&S
+%* &%F,'* 4%* 4,&%&* '%* 4#&6* 6,(&%-%"(* 46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&' ^=S* T1^* 0o* 96* "0(#0"
4dj643)'#0"*k*%'(*-#'%*%"*6$6"(*D*'#*<6"(3)%*%(*+d7"(3&0=0596'(%*643.&%"(*f*=%,*=&.'*f
(0,(*[f*96*j*$#$#F#56(#0"*4%*96*$#%*kE*f*j*9d0-#"#'6(#0"*3,-6#"%*4%*(0,(%'*-%'*F0&5%'*=0'(*%(
=)&#3,-6#"%'*kE*f*9d643)'#0"**4d6,(&,#c*6,g*j*6,(0'*I%&5#%&*kE*6,*j*>0,9%$6&4*+,(&%6,*kE
6,*j*',C%(H$%&>%H50-=9)-%"(*kE*6,g*j*'(6(#0"'*k*%(*6,g*j*(&0,'*=6&#)(6,g*kÊ*0"*=%,(*6,''#
$0,90#&* 5%''%&* 4%* 5099%&* f* 96* $#%* %(* 530#'#&* 40"5* 4%* j* &%F,'%&* 9d643)'#0"* k* * 0,E* 50--%
+d7"(3&0=0596'(%E* j* 6$0#&* -69* f* 9d643)'#0"* k* [Fz(H5%* 5%99%* 4d6,(&,#^* -6#'* 50"(#",%&* ?,6"4
-l-%*f*643)&%&*f*(0,(*%(*-69]&)*(0,(S
<0,&(6"(* 5%* "d%'(* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 5%96E* 5%* &%F,'E* 5%((%* 4#FF#5,9()E* ?,%* 9d0"* %g=90&%* 46"'
45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&B*45J)$0$8&')9#0&B*4.'K*G8&'%(*456*7&'$8*988#*[0"*9d6*F6#(*6$6"(E*46"'
F&' /#$/* %(* N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/* 0,* =6&F0#'* 46"'* 9%'* =#.5%'* 4,* 4)>,(^* D* #5#E* 0"* $%,(
@XV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-0"(&%&*9%*j*(0,&>#990"*4,*C%C%*k*%(*9%*$%&(#]%*?,#*$6*6$%5S*B%*?,#*'%*=6''%*[=0,&*'%*'#(,%&
',&*,"*6,(&%*=96"Ê*5d%'(*?,%*46"'*'0"*r,$&%*%(*'0"*=6&50,&'*=%&'0""%9E*M0$6&#"6*'%->9%
699%&*$%&'*(0,C0,&'*=9,'*4%*C0#%*D*#9*4#(*0,#*f*96*$#%E*6,*(3)p(&%E*f*9d)5&#(,&%E*f*96*=%#"(,&%*[9%
=%"46"(*90]#?,%*4%*(0,(*5%5#*)(6"(*>#%"*'z&*4%*5&#%&*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*k^*-l-%*'d#9*"d643.&%
=6'*=9,'*?,d6$6"(*6,g*&)#F#)%'H4)#F#)%'*j**96"],%'*4%*>,#'*k*4%'*I653#"%'*f*4#&%*$0#5#*%(
6,(&%'*4#'50,&'*5&%,g*4%'*"0,$%6,g*:0,50(*6,*=0,$0#&*[-6#'*5%96*&%9.$%*4d,"%*6==&053%
=9,'*=09#(#?,%*?,%*"0,'*)(,4#%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4^S*+d643)'#0"*f*96*$#%*%'(*40"5*?,6'#H(0(69%*%(*5%96
'%*536"(%*%(*'%*4#(*50-#?,%-%"(*50--%*46"'*9%*>96'0"*6-0,&%,g*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&
[6,g*=6]%'*@@VH@1AH@1@^S
7,(&%* $6&#6(#0"E* =,#')%* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* WX^* D* 5%* ?,#* j* "0,'* %"]%"4&%* kE* 5d%'(* 96
j*=%&=)(,#()*4,*-0"4%*k*D*j*9%*&)%9*"0,'*F6>&#?,%*kS*B%96*'d6==6&%"(%*f*,"*(&6$6#9*?,d#9*F6,(
F6#&%*j*,"%*3%,&%*=6&*C0,&*k*D*5d%'(*9%*(&6$6#9*',&*'0#*%(*?,#*"%*$#%"(*?,%*4%*'0#*?,#*%'(*4)'#]")*9f
[#9*%'(*-l-%*',&=&%"6"(*?,d,"%*3%,&%*',FF#'%^*-6#'*5%(*%FF0&(*40#(*'d%FF%5(,%&*]6#%-%"(*%(E
=0,&*"0,'*9%*'#]"#F#%&E*M0$6&#"6*#&6*C,'?,df*&%$#'#(%&*j*+6*-%#99%,&d*F6b0"*4d-6&53%&*\*Bd%'(
4%* -%((&%* ,"* =#%4* 4d$6"(* 9d6,(&%* \* K(* 4d&%50--%"5%&* k* =0,&* %"* F6#&%* j* N%$#$&%* &%$#$&%E
&%&%'=#&%&*\*Bd%'(*96*-%#99%,&%*F6b0"*\*Od=6'*(&)=6''%&*k*[;SRSE*=S*W1Ê*-6&53%*%(*$#%*)(6"(
"0$6&#"%""%-%"(*'/"0"/-%'*[j*G%*-6&53%*40"5*C%*',#'*k*4#&6*6#99%,&'*9d6,(%,&^S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*5%*'%&0"(*4%*"0,$%99%'*$6&#6(#0"'*50-#?,%'*D*96*4,=9#56(#0"*4%*'0#
=6&*'0#*%'(*=&)'%"()%*50--%*,"%*65(#0"*'%*&)69#'6"(*f*'0"*#"',*-6#'*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*=0,$0#&
)$#(%&* D* "d%"* F#"#''6"(* =6'* 4%* j* |4,=9#?,%&}* 536?,%* -6(#"* 4%$6"(* |'0"}* -#&0#&* 96* F#],&%* 4%
9d30--%* %(* %-=#&)* 5%((%* 65(#0"* =6&* 96* &)5#4#$%* kE* G%6"* +)0=04%* [=S* V@^* '%* $0#(* 4d6#99%,&'
'6"5(#0"")E*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6*(&0,$%&*#"C,'(%*56&*#9*"d/*%'(*=0,&*&#%"*q*=0,&(6"(*D*%'(H5%*'#*'z&*h
Bd%'(*5%*?,%*',]].&%*=%,(Hl(&%*9d6,(%,&t
7*96*=6]%*QXE*5d%'(*=6&*9%'*j*(&0,'*4,*$#'6]%*k*[5%'*(&0,'*50&&%'=0"46"(*'6"'*40,(%*f
4%'*'%"'*D*0,#%E*]0z(E*$,%^*?,%*9d0"*'%*&%=&04,#(S*7*96*=6]%*@@TE*j*9d6==6&#(#0"*4%*-6*(l(%*?,#
|=0,''%}*9%*'0"*,(*k*'%->9%*4%$0#&*'%*&%4#&%*f*9d#"F#"#*D*5d%'(*96*50"4#(#0"*3,-6#"%S*R5#E*96*$#%
40#(*$%"#&*j*4%*(%-='*f*6,(&%*k*[%"*F6#(*D*f*536?,%*&%'=#&6(#0"^*=0,&*j*"0,'*40""%&*&6#'0"*k
q*'#"0"E*5d%'(*>#%"*'#-=9%*D*j*"0,'*4#'=6&6w(&#0"'*4%*96*(%&&%*k*[=S*@QV^S*<&)5#'0"'*D*5d%'(
(0,(*9%*(%-='*?,%*96*$#%*"0,'*%-=l53%*4%*4#'=6&6w(&%*q*%(*#9*%'(*40"5*>#u6&&%*?,%*9d6,(%,&
530#'#''%*4d,(#9#'%&*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*4%*(%-='*f*6,(&%*kS*a,6"(*f*96*j*50"(&%>6''%*?,#*C0,%*#7
f*=%&=)(,#()*kE*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*9%*50&='S
R5#*=0,&(6"(E*"0,'*"d)$0?,0"'*=6'*6''%u*9%*=6'')S*;&E*'d#9*/*6*,"%*C0#%*4%*96*-6&53%[\
50,&'%\F,#(%^*%"*6$6"(E*#9*/*6*6,''#*,"%*C0#%*%"50&%*0=)&6"(%*4%*5%*=6'')*"0"*%"50&%*=6'')
?,#*"0,'*F6#(*l(&%*5%*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'S*O%&&#46*9d6*4#(*D*9%*=3)"0-."%*$#%"(*4,*=6'')E*9%
=3)"0-."%*%'(*,"*'=%5(&%*%(*M0$6&#"6E*6=&.'*836n%'=%6&%E*40""%*,"%*>&#996"(%*#99,'(&6(#0"
(3)p(&69%*4%*5%((%*(3)0&#%*',&*96*'5."%*4%*456*7&'$8*988#E*'0"*6==&053%*'d6==6&%"(6"(*6,''#
f*5%99%*4d,"*e536-6"%*53&)(#%"eS
UK&YE(*:<#)%-.&:*)*'#Q%-&%(&*1()%-&B2b*))%)2%UKOK&,P?/2#/&'%-&"#/()*2)%Md0,>9#0"'*=6'*9%*"0-*4%*96*50-=6]"#%*4%*M0$6&#"6*D*j*+d!"#0"*4%'*50"(&6#&%'*k*c*5d%'(
4#&%* 9d#-=0&(6"5%* ?,d#9* 6550&4%* f* 96* 530'%S* 7''%u* 90]#?,%-%"(E* #9* %g5%99%* 46"'* 9d0g/-0&%
q* %(* -l-%E* f* 9d0556'#0"E* 46"'* 9d0g/-0(E* 50--%* 46"'* j* 86=%&-%* k* [86=#"* …'=%&-%^S
8#]"690"'* #5#* 9%'* =9,'* '=%5(65,96#&%'* c* (0,(* 4d6>0&4E* #9* /* 6* 4%'* =%&'0""6]%'* =6&640g6,g
50--%* j* +d75(%,&* F,/6"(* 6,(&,#* kE* * 9%* j* "6#"* P#]6"(* k* %(* j* '6#"(* Z)90"* k* [OS`SE* =S* 11T^
0,* %"50&%* ,"%* '5#%"5%* 4%* "0"H'5#%"5%E* 96* j* '5#%"5%* 4d#]"0&6"5%* k* [<SISE* =S* 1Q^* ?,#* %'(
@TA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
,"*"0"H'%"'* =9%#"* 4%*'%"'E*,"*=%,*50--%* j* 5,&%* 4d#4#0(#%* kS* ;"* #"$%"(%* =6&* 6#99%,&'* ,"
',==9#5%E*.'%)$9)$*6''%u*',==0&(6>9%E*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*l(&%*j*96=#4)*4%*=9,-%'*k*-6#'*6,''#*,"
j*)56&(.9%-%"(*50-#?,%*k*[<SISE*=S*XV^*%(*4%'*j*50,='*56&%''6"('*k*[;SNSE*=S*@@X^S
7,''#*>#%"E*0"*)$0?,%&6*,"*j*]96'*C0/%,g*kE*4%'*j*56"5&%'*90]#?,%'*kE*,"%*j*'6#"(%()
4,*590~"*kE*4%'*j*96"],%'*-,(#?,%'*k*[`SaSE*=S*LVÊ*%(5S*O%*-l-%E*0"*5&0#'%&6*4%'*l(&%'
6->#],'*50--%*j*I6&#%*P6&b0"*k*[`SaSE*=S*UW^*%(*j*-0"*0"59%*M#509%*k*[7SOSE*=S*WA^S*R9*/
6*%"50&%*4%'*j*=%(#('*$)()&6"'*kE*4%'*j*=6=#%&'*%"*=96'(#?,%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@1AÊ*%(5S*K"F#"*%(
46"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*,"%*#"C0"5(#0"*6>&,=(%*50--%*j*B36"(%u*B0,65*m*k*[`SaSE*=S
LA^*&%9.$%*%"50&%*4%*9d0g/-0&%*(6"(*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%E*90&'?,d0"*536"(%E*0"*%''6#%*=9,(s(E*%"
&.]9%*])")&69%E*4d)$#(%&*9%'*50,65'S
I6#'*=&05)40"'*6$%5*=9,'*4%*-)(304%*%"*=6&(6"(*4%'*=#.5%'*4,*4)>,(*D*46"'*4567&:$&)
;9:.87* [(#(&%* ?,6'#H0g/-0&#?,%Ê* 0"* =6&9%&6* 4%* j* 90,='* 40-%'(#?,%'* k* [=S* @QT^* %(* 4%'
j*B0"(%-=0&6#"'*4%*9d6$%"#&*k*[=S*@TL^S*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/B*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*96*=0''#>9%
j*],)&#'0"*4%'*-0&('*k*[=S*W1T^*%(*0"*F%&6*,"*j*8%&-0"*I,(#?,%*k*c*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*"0#&E
-0&>#4%*%(*#"?,#)(6"(*?,#*"0,'*%'(*4)5&#(E*j*a,%99%*>%99%*=0,9%*-0&(%*(,*'%"'*mk*[+SIS*c*=S
WU@^*%'(*,"*50-=9#-%"(*F0&-#46>9%*q*%(*96*=3&6'%*=96#&6#(*>%6,50,=*f*2#-*:,&(0"S*;"*=6&9%&6
%"50&%*4%*96*j*>0""%*'0,FF&6"5%*k*[+SISE*=S*WV1Ê*%g=&%''#0"*&6==%96"(*96*=&0$%&>#69%*>0""%
F6(#],%S
O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*0"*-%((&6*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*%"*=&)'%"5%*9%*'6(#"
%(*9%*'6=#"*[=S*1L@Ê*0"*=&6(#?,%&6*,"%*j*46"'%*6''#'%*k*[=S*1LW^*%(*0"*=6&9%&6*4,*j*'#9%"5%
)(%&"%9* 4%* '0"* =d(#(* 5,9* k* [=S* QAWÊ* &6==&053%-%"(* 50-#?,%* 56&* j* =d(#(* 5,9* k* %(* j* '#9%"5%
)(%&"%9*k*"%*F0"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*=6&(#%*4d,"*-l-%*&%]#'(&%*4%*96"],%S*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A
.8$?.#AE*0"*5&0#'%&6*4%'*j*C%,"%'*$#%,g*k*[=S*@@W^*%(*0"*&%]&%((%&6*9%*j*>0"*$#%,g*(%-='*k*[=S
1X@^*%"*'%*4#'6"(*j*?,6"4*Cd)(6#'*$#%,g*kS*:&%FE*0"*=%&4*96*"0(#0"*4,*(%-='*?,#*=6''%*c*0"
=6&9%&6*-l-%*4%*j*5%(*6=&.'H-#4#*-6(#"*k*[=S*@U^*%(*0"*(#%"4&6*6,''#E*5%*?,#*$6*46"'*9%*-l-%
'%"'E*4%'*=&0=0'*50-=9.(%-%"(*50"(&64#5(0#&%'*D*j*Gd6#*,"*(&.'*]&6"4*6-0,&*=0,&*(0,(*-6#'
Cd6#*(0,C0,&'*(&.'*50&4#69%-%"(*4)(%'()*(0,(*k*[=S*@AX^S*+d65(#0"*[h^*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A
'%*=6''6"(*%"*=6&(#%*46"'*,"%*F0&l(E*0"*'%*4#(*?,%*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*F09#%*6-.&%*%(*=6&F0#'
F,&#%,'%*4d,"*-#')&6>9%*j*F0,*(&0-=)*4%'*>0#'*k*[I%&9#"*h^*?,#*%'(*f*9dr,$&%*#5#S
UKRK&?/2%b&$%-&-E:*)E-&i
a,6"(*6,g*j*9,-#.&%'*4%*()")>&#()*k*[OS`SE*=S*1QXÊ*'d0==0'6"(*[0,*=6'^*f*96*j*()".>&%*4%
9,-#.&%*k*-%"(#0"")%*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*VLÊ*%99%'*'0"(*50--%*,"%*&)=0"'%E
,"*)530*f*j*9d0>'5,&%*596&()*?,#*(0->%*4%'*)(0#9%'*k*4%*N65#"%*$0#&%*6,g*j*30'(#%'*"0#&%'*k
4%*8%"]30&S*O%*-l-%E*36>#(,)'*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*6,*I0"(*:96"5E*9%*j*I0"(*M0#&*k*4,
@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*1TX^*=0,&&6*"0,'*',&=&%"4&%S*+6*',&=&#'%*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*6,*&%"4%uH
$0,'*90&'?,d#9*'%&6*?,%'(#0"*4,*j*$6]#"*4%*9d30--%*k*[OS7SE*=S*11QÊ*%(*4%$6"(*4%'*=3&6'%'
(%99%'*?,%*j*I0"*"0-*%'(*9dJ0--%*869#?,%E*C%*',#'*96*F%--%*4%*+6"4&)%*Z%-"#?,%S*k*[OS7SE
=S@VU^S
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0,(&%*9%*j*'6$6"(*#]"0&6"(*k*[=S*1L@Ê*0"*5&0#'%&6*,"*j*5646$&%
$#$6"(*k*[=S*WXÊ*j*+%*I0&#>0"4*`#$6&#>0"4*k*[=S*1AU^*%(*0"*)$0?,%&6*96*j*20->%*4,*869,(*k*[=S
@T@^S*a,6"(*f*9d30--%*j*f*?,#*9d0"*(&0,%*9%*F&0"(**kE*#9*'d%g596-%*=6&640g69%-%"(*D*j*"0,'
$#$0"'*,"%*)=0?,%*F0&-#46>9%*k*[=S*1TU^S*O%*-l-%E*'#*9d0"*50""6#''6#(*4)Cf*9%'*=0#''0"'
$096"('* %(* 9%'* =96"(%'* 56&"#$0&%'E* 0"* $%&&6* =6''%&* 46"'* 9%* 5#%9* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* 4%'
j*0#'%6,g*$)])(6,g*k*[=S*@@TÊ*6"#-6,g*#-6]#"6#&%'*)$0?,6"(*,"*=%,*9d,"#$%&'*0"#&#?,%*4d,"
0,$&6]%*4%*'5#%"5%*F#5(#0"*q*96*50"(&64#5(#0"*'%*&%(&0,$%*%"50&%*46"'*j*Z%&-%u*96*=0&(%
0,$%&(%*k*[=S*1QT^*%(*46"'*j*K50,(%u*9%*'#9%"5%*?,d#9'*F0"(E*5%,g*?,#*3,&9%"(*4%*4)&6#'0"*k*[=S
TU^S*O%*-l-%E*?,0#?,%*'6"'*(l(%E*9%*=0&5*4%*96*=6]%*@L*=6&9%&6*4%*'6*=%"')%*[=%,(Hl(&%*=6&
@T@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
$%"(&#90?,#%^S*K"F#"E*0"*96"5%&6*j*K"(&0"'*'0&(0"'*m*k*[OS`SE*=S*1UQÊ*5%*?,#*&6==%99%*9d6>',&4%
-0(*50-=0')*j*6$6"5%H&%5,9%*k*[=S*11UÊ*'#"],9#%&*$%&>%*40,>9%*6""0"b6"(*9%'*-0,$%-%"('
50"(&64#5(0#&%'*4)5&#('*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*q*4%*-l-%E*0"*(&0,$%&6*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&
)&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*WT^*,"%*j*=0&(%*F%&-)%*0,$%&(%*kE*%g=&%''#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*(60{'(%
%(*'d0==0'6"(*f*9d#4)%*(&0=*&)=6"4,%*'%90"*96?,%99%*,"%*=0&(%*40#(*l(&%*0,$%&(%*0,*F%&-)%S
O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*j*$%&>#])&6(#0"'*-,(#?,%'*k*[=S*WX^*=6&
0==0'#(#0"*6,g*j*%g(&l-%'*90?,65#()'*k*c*0"*j*|>96'=3)-%&6}*=6&*9%'*90,6"]%'*k*[=S*VQ^*%(*0"
'%*$6"(%&6*4dl(&%*j*9%*'%,9*f*=%"'%&*50--%*(0,(*9%*-0"4%*k*[=S*X1^S*O6"'*F&*/#$/E*0"*F%&6*9%
4)'096"(*50"'(6(*?,d#9*"0,'*&%'(%*j*4%*=9,'*%"*=9,'*-0#"'*4%*(%-='*k*[=S*TA^S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&E*(6"4#'*?,d,"*j*=0&5*>&6-%*k*f*96*=6]%*@UV*%(*?,d,"*4)"0--)*I04%'(%*j*'%
$6"(%*k*f*96*=6]%*@WUE*0"*50--%((&6*4%'*j*B&#-%'*69(&,#'(%'*k*c*4%*F6#(E*0"*=0,&&6*#5#*=6&9%&
4%*5&#-%'*69(&,#'(%'*%"*5%*?,d#9'*j*6&&6"]%&6#%"(*k*"0(&%*=&0536#"*=,#'?,d#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d#9*/
6#(*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*j*G0#%*4dl(&%*-0&(*k*[=S*LT^S*<0,&(6"(E*6,*C0,&"69E*0"*6""0"5%*?,d,"*j*%"F6"(
-0&(H")*6*=0&()*=96#"(%*k*[=S*Q@^*c*>&%F*96*j*G0#%*4dl(&%*-0&(*k*"%*50"5%&"%*=6'*(0,'*9%'*-0&('E
5365,"*6/6"(*'6*F6b0"*4%*96*$#$&%S
O%*F6b0"*(0,(*6,''#*#"6((%"4,%E*0"*'#(,%&6*j*B9%&-0"(HZ%&&6"4*8,4*46"'*9d7&#.]%*k*[;SRSE
=S*UW^*%(*0"*j*|'d%'596FF%}*f*536,4%'*96&-%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*QA^S*;"*=6&9%*%"50&%*4%*j*&)=,9'#0"
6-#569%* kE* 4%* j* 4)]0z(* =&04#]#%,'%-%"(* #"()&%'')* k* [;SRSE* =S* U@^* %(* 4d,"%* -/'()&#%,'%
536"'0"*j*536"()%*>0,53%H50,',%*k*[;SRSE*=S*TA^*D*5d%'(*,"*6#&*=6&640g69*j*?,#*'d%"(%"4
-#%,g*?,6"4*0"*9d536"(%*=6'*k*[;SRSE*=S*T@^*f*9d#-6]%*4d,"*'#9%"5%*)90?,%"(S*O%*-l-%E*'#*96
j*9,-#.&%*",#(*kE*96*",#(E*%99%E*>&#99%*=6&*'0"*6>'%"5%*4%*596&()E*6>'%"5%H0=65#()*"%*=&0,$6"(
=0,&(6"(*=6'*?,d#9*"d/*6#(*&#%"*f*$0#&*[5%96E*9%*C0,&*"0,'*9%*4#&6^*c*>&%FE*'#*96*j*9,-#.&%*",#(*kE*96
",#(*9,-#.&%*q*j*%(*b6*F6#(*4,*>#%"*4%*9%*4#&%*k*=0,&&6#(H0"*6C0,(%&*%"*&%=&%"6"(*,"%*=3&6'%
4%*9d6,(%,&S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*#9*/*6*4%'*j*B6#990,g*R]"6,g*k*[=S*@1A^*%(*0"*'%&6*%"50,&6])*f
j*|>0#&%}*9d%6,*?,#*40""%*'0#F*k*[=S*XV^*c*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*QLÊ*5%*"d)(6#(*=6'
-#%,gE*0o*#9*"0,'*)(6#(*50"'%#99)*4dj|653%(%&}*I0#'#*kS*7,(&%*50"'%#9*=6&640g69*[;SNSE*=S*@1U^*D
j*B%*?,#*%'(*=%&4,*D*q*%)&8(/H:&*m*kS*O6"'*4.'K*G8&E*#9*/*6,&6*,"%*j*B)&)-0"#%*4%'*B&#-%'
69(&,#'(%'*k*[=S*LWÊ*?,#*0FF#5#69#'%*%"50&%*5%((%*F0&-%*64-#'%*4d%,(36"6'#%*%(*0"*5)9.>&%&6
=6&*6#99%,&'*9%*j*=&#g*M0>%9*4%*96*],%&&%*F&0#4%*k*[=S*UW^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*"0(0"'*%"F#"
j*',#5#4%*'%&%#"*k*[=S*@WÊ*j*#"(%99%5(,%9*0&]6"#?,%*k*[=S*TX^*%(*j*$#4%*&6(#0""%9*k*[=S*XT^S*O%
-l-%*[=S*@AQÊ*'#*j*9d6-0,&*%'(*,"*]&6"4*-6w(&%*kE*"0,'*"%*9%*'6$#0"'*=6'*j*])0-.(&%*kE
(%&-%*(%53"#?,%*'%->96"(*F6#&%*F#*4%*96*4#-%"'#0"*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*=6''#0"")%*4,*'%"(#-%"(
%"*?,%'(#0"S
7$%5*(0,'*5%'*0g/-0&%'E*0"*F&s9%*96*F09#%*%(*6$0,0"'H9%E*Fz(H5%*30&'H',C%(*D*5d%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*9d6'=%5(*9%*=9,'*4#FF#5#9%*f*)(,4#%&*[9%*=9,'*(&0,>96"(*%(*9%*=9,'*4)&6"]%6"(^*4%*9dr,$&%*4%
`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S*B%96*4#(E*#9*'d#"'=#&%*=%,(Hl(&%*#5#*4d,"%*(&64#(#0"*(&.'*6"5#%""%*?,d0"*=%,(
F6#&%*&%-0"(%&*f*+60*2'%,*%(\0,*f*J)&659#(%*[#9*/*6,&6#(*40"5*6,''#*,"%*-6"#.&%*=3#90'0=3#?,%
4d6>0&4%&*9%*(3.-%*%"*?,%'(#0"^S*K$0?,6"(*9%*=3#90'0=3%*]&%5*[?,d%99%*5#(%*f*96*=6]%*LL*4,
9#$&%*%"*?,%'(#0"*D*j*+%*O#%,*%'(*C0,&*%(*",#(E*3#$%&*%(*)()E*],%&&%*%(*=6#gE*6>0"46"5%*%(*F6-#"%*c
#9* '%* (&6"'F0&-%* 50--%* 9%* F%,* k^* f* =&0=0'* 4%* 96* =0)'#%* 4%* G%6"* 26&4#%,E* +/4#%* <6&#''%
UW
* *
[46"'*'0"*0,$&6]%**4.*j*%.)9:&'7)9#I&kS*<&*Z&7B'L.)($&#B'P9;.)$8.* ^*#"'#'(%*',&*96*$090"()
(6&4#$#%""%*4%*'6#'#&*5%*=0#"(*j*0o*9%'*50"(&6#&%'*5%''%"(*4dl(&%*=%&b,'*50"(&64#5(0#&%-%"(*kE
5#(6"(*#5#*9%*:&%(0"*4,*=&%-#%&*H.8$E&/7&'(#'/#))I.:$/?&S*B%96*'d6==9#?,%*%"50&%*f*:%5n%((
[j*36"()*=6&*J)&659#(%*k*4#(H%99%*f*96*=6]%*@W*4%*'0"*)(,4%^*-6#'*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*5%96
UW
**+/4#%*<6&#''%E*4.t%.)9:&'7)9#I&tX<&*Z&77*B'L.)($&#*B'P9;.)$8.B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*ULX
@T1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=0,&&6#(*6,''#*'d6==9#?,%&*f*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*9d6==&053%*4%*5%*4%&"#%&*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'
UX
596#&%-%"(*-/'(#?,%*50--%*"0,'*9d%g=9#?,%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*46"'*'6*>9?I($&'(#';&)=&* D
La contradiction est au fondement du paradoxe de la croix, que V. Novarina
rappelle par le Credo quia absurdum de Tertullien, indispensable à la double
nature du Christ à la fois Dieu et homme. Le modèle de la croix emblématise la
logique paradoxale […].
7=&.'*,"*4)$%90==%-%"(*50"5%&"6"(*96*4)-6&53%*6=0=36(#?,%*%(*96*=&)4#9%5(#0"*4%*5%&(6#"'
-/'(#?,%'*=0,&*96*F#],&%*4%*'(/9%*%"*?,%'(#0"E*%99%*%g=9#?,%*?,%E*(&.'*90]#?,%-%"(E*j*|9d}*,'6]%
4%*9d0g/-0&%*%'(*6,*5%"(&%*4%*96*=%"')%*50"5%=(,%99%*4%*`S*M0$6&#"6*kS
UKUK&,%&5*)2*0%&'%&$*&"*):%&%(&'1&/E*/(
I0#"'* '(&#5(%-%"(* &6-6'')%'* ?,%* 4%'* 0g/-0&%'E* 0"* &%5%"'%* )]69%-%"(* 4%'* =3&6'%'* %(
%g=&%''#0"'*0o*9%*=6&640g%*"d%'(*=6'*6>'%"(*D*j*-#"#-%'*$)()&6"('*'=0&(*k*[GS8SE*=S*QLÊ
j*!"%*F9%,&*|t}*6$%5*,"%*(#]%*%"*>)(0"*k*[`S*aSE*=S*LAÊ*j*9%'*'#g*>0,9%$6&4'*=%&=%"4#5,96#&%'
=6&699.9%'*k*[`S*aSE*=S*XL^*0,*j*B%*?,%*(,*"%*=0''.4%'*=6'E*40""%H9%*k*[<SISE*=S*@@V^S*7=&.'
5%'*?,%9?,%'*%g%-=9%'*40"")'*%"*$&65E*=&05)40"'*53&0"090]#?,%-%"(*%"*50--%"b6"(*=6&
4567&:$&)';9:.87*E*6$%5*4%'*=3&6'%'*"0"*-0#"'*)(&6"]%'*(%99%'*?,%*j*8#9%"5%E*%(*$#(%*m*k*[=S*1U^
0,*j*26#'%uH$0,'E*=6,$&%*"0->&#9*mk*[=S*@@LÊ*9%*j*=6,$&%*"0->&#9*k*6""0"b6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%
j*(&#'(%*=#]"0,F*k*4%'*=#.5%'*?,#*$0"(*',#$&%S*O6"'*j*R9'*=#50&%"(*50--%*4%'*90,='*k*[=S*1@Ê
0"*50"F0"4*>6''%H50,&*%(*>l(%'*'6,$6]%'*=%"46"(*?,%*46"'*j*20,'*-%'*0>C%('*$#%""%"(
>0#&%*k*[=S*1WÊ*5d%'(*9d#"6"#-)*?,%*9d0"*6"#-69#'%S*O6"'*9%*&/(3-)*j*7''%u*]&6$#()E*9d%""%-#
%g6].&%*k*[=S*@1@Ê*0"*'d655,'%*'6"'*40,(%*4%*(0,&"%&*6,(0,&*4,*=0(*%(\0,*4%*(&0=*&)F9)53#&
6$6"(*4d6]#&S*!"%*%g=&%''#0"*50--%*j*G%*&l$%*4%*-%"%&*,"%*$#%*6FF%5(#$%*k*[=S*VX^*'%->9%
#"4#?,%&*?,%*96*-#'.&%*)$0?,)%*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*"d%'(*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*)50"0-#?,%*[0"
%'(*=%&4,E*0"*"%*'6#(*=9,'*f*?,%9*'%#"*'%*$0,%&*%(*0"*'%*&655&053%*f*:0,50(E*?,#*>#%"*'z&*%"
=&0F#(%^S*a,6"(*6,*j*$%&&%*4%*-0,''%*k*[=S*@1A^*?,#*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*,"%*'09,(#0"*=0''#>9%
-6#'*-0-%"(6")%*%(*#99,'0#&%*f*(0,(*5%*-693%,&E*5%*"d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*,"*0g/-0&%*[j*$%&&%
%"* -0,''%* k* %"* '%&6#(* ,"^* -6#'* =9,(s(* ,"%* -)(0"/-#%* '0--%* (0,(%* 6''%u* 596''#?,%E* 96
',&F65%*-0,''%,'%*4d,"*4%-#*&%=&)'%"(6"(*f*%99%*'%,9%*9%*$%&&%*4%*>#.&%S
O6"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* 0"* '%* 4#(* ?,d0"* )$09,%* $&6#-%"(* 46"'* ,"
-0"4%*4%*F0,'*D*j*7$%uH$0,'*9,*5%*9#$&%*)(&6"]%*',&*96*C%,"%''%*4%*I09#.&%*h*+6*$#%*4%
I6",%9*ˆ6"(*%'(*&650"()%*%"*4)(6#9S*k*[=S*11L^S*R5#E*50--%*5%*"d%'(*-l-%*=6'*4dK--6",%9
ˆ6"(* ?,d0"* =6&9%E* 9%* 40,(%* =0,&&6#(* =&%'?,%* 'd#"'(699%&* D* %(* '#* 5d)(6#(* 5%* I6",%9* ˆ6"(* ?,#
6$6#(*)5&#(*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*I09#.&%*h*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5%*?,d0"*j*0#"(*kE*5d%'(
,"*j*]&0#"*k*[=S*TL^*c*5%&(%'E*5%96*&#-%*q*-6#'E*-69]&)*(0,(E*=6'*f*]&6"4*530'%S*<0,&(6"(E
9d#"(%"(#0"*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*#50"0596'(%*56&*4%*-l-%*?,d0"*"%*>6=(#'%*=6'*,"*50530"E*0"*"%
0#"(*=6'*'0"*]&0#"*[5d%'(*50--%*j*-6"]%&*4,*C6->0"*=%"46"(*96*-%''%*k*D*5%96*"%*'%*F6#(
=6'^S*Kg%-=9%*-0#"'*'=%5(65,96#&%*D*9%*=6&640g%*&%96(#F*4%*G%6""0(*[&%=&#'*f*96*=6]%*QV*4%
4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/^*?,#*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*9%*j*F#9'*,"#?,%*k*4%*'0"*=.&%*D*j*a,0#?,d%"
F6-#99%*"0,'*Fz-%'*0"u%*%"F6"('*k*=&)5#'%H(H#9*q*9%*=.&%*'d)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*&%-6&#)E*#9*'d6]#&6#(
690&'*4d,"%*F6-#99%*&%50-=0')%*D*>&%F*#5#E*50--%*=0,&*j*+6*9,-#.&%*",#(*k*0o*-l-%*j*+6*-0&(
"d%'(*=6'*$&6#%*kE*9%*=6&640g%*=%,(*6,''#*'d%g=9#?,%&*=6&*,"%*F6,''%*=&%-#.&%*#-=&%''#0"S
7,*F0"4E*9%*=6&640g%*=%,(*"dl(&%*?,d,"%*#99,'#0"*4%*=6&640g%*[5%((%*4#-%"'#0"*%'(*4%
F6#(*(&6$6#99)%*=6&*9d6,(%,&E*(0,C0,&'*53%&536"(*f*699%&*$0#&*4%*9d6,(&%*5s()*4%'*=3&6'%'Ê*5%
?,#*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*"0,'*F6#&%*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*=0'%&*D*e+%*=6&640g%*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#eE*e+%
UX
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.S*4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*==S*1TLH1TVS
@TQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
UT
=6&640g%*"d%g#'(%*=6'e*0,*eR9*"d/*6*=6'*4%*=6&640g%'eS*O6"'*j*+6*=6&09%*$#'#>9%*k E*G%6"H
+,5*8(%#"-%(u*&%-6&?,%*f*'0"*(0,&*D
La première fois où parle Jean Terrier, il exprime une phrase qui, tout en étant
logique grammaticalement, est impossible sous le jour du sens ; « Ma mère n’a
pas eu d’enfant ». Phrase de l’aliénation mentale, correcte dans ses composants
syntaxiques, inviable cependant pour qui la profère. Elle présente le genre
d’absurde que l’on trouve dans ce théâtre.
+d0"0-6'(#?,%*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*50"5%&")%*=6&*9d6>',&4%*%(*9%'*&6==&053%-%"('*#-=&0>6>9%'
50--%*46"'*j*+%*P%"46&-%*-)4#56-%"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*1XXÊ*j*I0"'#%,&*2#&0#&*k*[8SE*=S*1A^
0,*%"50&%*j*O05(%,&*<6"#%&*kE*%(5S*a,6"(*6,*j*8%&=%"(*I,90(*k*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*TWÊ
5%* "d%'(* =6'* (0,(* f* F6#(* ,"* 0g/-0&%* -6#'* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"* -0"'(&%* 3/>&#4%E* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* &6(
90"]*6/6"(*9%*>&6'*90"]*0,*4%*'%&=%"(*f*F65%*4%*&6(*6$%5*4%'*0&%#99%'*4%*I#5n%/S*K"50&%
,"%*F0#'*[?&.'*#:%.Ê*"0,'*"d6$0"'*=,*"0,'*%-=l53%&E*f*=6&(#&*4%*5%*j*8%&=%"(*I,90(*kE*4%
=&0=0'%&*"0(&%*=%(#(*4)9#&%*=%&'0""%9E*-6#'*5%96*%'(*4z*6,''#*f*96*'(#-,96(#0"*#-6]#"6#&%*?,%
9d0"*=%,(*&%''%"(#&*4%$6"(*,"%*(%99%*6''05#6(#0"*4%*-0('*[%(*4d6"#-6,g^*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*>#u6&&%
%(*#"?,#)(6"(%S*B6&*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*5%96E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=%,&*4#FF,'%E*?,#*=%,(*%g=9#?,%&*9%*4)'#&
#"(%&=&)(6(#F*[+%*&#&%E*9,#H-l-%E*:%&]'0"*9%*4#'6#(E*6*(%"46"5%*f*F6#&%*=%,&^*D*%"*'0--%E*=%,(H
l(&%*53%&53%H(H0"*f*'%*&6'',&%&*%"*=&0=0'6"(*4%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*h
K"* '0--%E* 96* F09#%* "d%'(* =6'* 90#"E* 'd%g=9#?,6"(* =%,(Hl(&%* =6&* ,"* (&6,-6(#'-%* 9#)* f
9d%"F6"5%*D*j*R9*4#(*?,%*'0"*=.&%*53#6*,"*5&#'(69*%(*?,d#9*%'(*'0,&4*4d6$0#&*$,*b6*k*[OS7SE*=S
@1L^S*:&%FE*9%'*#"503)&%"5%'*50"(#",%"(*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*=9,'*&)5%"(%'E*6>',&4%*%(*=6&640g%
&)]"6"(* %"* -6w(&%'* #"50"(%'()'* D* j* R9* =9%,(* =6&(0,(E* ]&6"4* '09%#9* '%5* =6&* 6#99%,&'* k* [;SNSE
=S*@QÊ*j**>6#''%*=6&(0,(*6#99%,&'*f*96*36,''%*k*[8SE*=S*1QÊ*j*F6#&%*?,64&6(,&%*=0,&*F0&-%&
5%&59%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@@AÊ*%(5SE*%(5S
UKVK&D1&b%105%.&"2(#=%/&i
+%*(#(&%*4%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%*=6&6w(&6*=%,(Hl(&%*#50"0596'(%*-6#'*"d0,>9#0"'*?,%*"0(&%*>,(*%'(
6,''#*4d%''6/%&*4%*"0,'*-%((&%*,"*=%,*6,*4#6=6'0"*4%*9d3,-0,&*'0,$%"(*=0(653%*4%*`69.&%
M0$6&#"6*?,#E*50--%*0"*9%*$%&&6*=9,'*90#"E*'d6-,'%&6E*(%9*P6#"'>0,&]*0,*:%5n%((*[j*6,g
F0,&53%'E* '=%&-6(0u0{4%* k^* f* =6&04#%&* 96* I6&'%#996#'%S* ;"* &%5%"'%* 40"5* ?,%9?,%'* 56'
4%* u%,]-%'E* "0(6--%"(* 46"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&* %(* 4.' K*G8&E* 9%* =9,'* '=%5(65,96#&%* )(6"(
=%,(Hl(&%*D*j*G%*&%''%"'*|t}*6,*=#%4*%(*6,*=6'')*,"%*40,9%,&*40"(*Cd#]"0&%*96*56,'%*(6"(
Cd/* '0,FF&%* k* [;SNSE* =S* TTÊ* 5%* ?,#* '%->9%* #"4#?,%&* ?,%* 9%* =6'')* %'(* 50--%* ,"* >0,9%(
?,d0"* =0&(%&6#(* 6,* =#%4* D* 46"'* 5%((%* #-6]%E* 9d30--%* '%* $0#(* #"4#&%5(%-%"(* 6''#-#9)* f* ,"
>6]"6&4*'0,FF&6"(*4%*(&6#"%&*50--%*,"*46-")*5%*(&#'(%*>0,9%(*?,d%'(*9%*=6'')*D*%"(&%*9%'
-6,$6#'* '0,$%"#&'* %(* 96* 50"'5#%"5%* 4%* 5%((%* -0&(* ?,#* 9%* F6#(* >9)-#&* [5FS* F#"* 4,* F.)($8' (&
)&*988.$//.8*&Ê*746-*"d%'(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*9d6"#-69*9%*=9,'*536"5%,g*q*5d%'(*5%*?,%
5%96*'%->9%*'0,'H%"(%"4&%S
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&B*0"*6,&6*6,''#*j*7==0&(%uH-0#*,"*C6&4#"E*4%*9d%6,*F&6w53%*%(*,"%
50&>%#99%*4%*F&,#('*%(*4%*?,0#*-%*96$%&*9%'*-6#"'*k*[=S*@@UÊ*5%*?,#*&6==%99%*,"%*9#'(%*f*96
<&)$%&(*(0,&"6"(*50,&(*c*5d%'(*?,%*9%'*u%,]-%'*"0$6&#"#%"'*"%*50"5%&"%"(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*4%,g
(%&-%'E*9d%FF%(*u%,]-#?,%E*6/6"(*=6&F0#'*f*$0#&*6$%5*9d6&(*',>(#9*4%*96*=0#"(%S*7*96*=6]%*XV
4%*4.'K*G8&E*0"*=6''%*'6"'*(&6"'#(#0"*4,*(&6$6#9*4,*>0#'*f*5%9,#*4,*F0#%*%(E*6,*"#$%6,*4%
9d%FF%(*=&04,#(E*9%*=&05)4)*'%*'#(,%*f*9d#"(%&'%5(#0"*4,*u%,]-%*%(*4,*50?*f*9dp"%S*7*96*=6]%*W1E
%'=65%*%(*(%-='*'0"(*6''05#)'*56$69#.&%-%"(*46"'*j*B6*F6#(*-6#"(%"6"(*,"%*3%,&%*%(*3,#(
n#90-.(&%'*?,%*C%*$0,'*$%"4'*5%(*0>C%(*5%"(*)5,'S*k*K"F#"E*f*96*=6]%*LVE*'6"'*40,(%*=0,&
UT
**G%6"H+,5*8(%#-%(uE*j*+6*=6&09%*$#'#>9%*kE*4.';9$A'(&'N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.E*0=S*5#(E*=S*QVS
@TW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
4#&%*?,%*5d%'(*$&6#-%"(*j*96*F#"*4%*(0,(*kE*0"*&%(&6$6#99%*j*Bd%'(*96*F#"*4%'*36&#50('*kE*=0,&*4#&%
j*Bd%'(*96*F#"*4%'*30--%'E*4%'*$#$6"('E*4%'*56#990,g*%(*4%'*36&#50('*kS*<0,&(6"(E*9%*u%,]-%
%'(*,"*=&05)4)*-0#"'*F&)?,%"(*?,%*9%*50?*f*9dp"%E*?,%*9d6,(%,&*'%->9%*=&6(#?,%&*$090"(#%&'E
f*9d#"'(6&*4%*5%&(6#"'*=0.(%'*4%*96*$#$65#()*50--%*I6g*G650>*0,*:%"C6-#"*<)&%(S
UKcK&C%$12&312&'#5:(*&d*'*
UKcKOK&d%-&25*0%-&-1))E*$2-(%-&%/&'2*B$%
B%&(6#"%'*F0&-,96(#0"'*6''05#%&0"(E*=6&*96*50-=6&6#'0"*q*,"*=%,*50--%*46"'*9%*F6-%,g
j*2,*%'*>%99%*50--%*,"*50-#()*4%*]%'(#0"*k*qE*4%'*(%&-%'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*6"(6]0"#'(%'*D
j*6$0#&*9d%'=&#(*50--%*96*-0,(6&4%*f*56(6=96'-%S*O%'*#4)%'*6,(6"(*?,d,"*-6#99%(*k*[ZSE*=S
XLW^S*86"'*l(&%*f*=&0=&%-%"(*=6&9%&*6"(6]0"#'(%'E*4%'*(%&-%'*(&.'*4#FF)&%"('*0,*6==6&(%"6"(
f* 4%'* &%]#'(&%'* 4%* 96"],%* "0"* =0&%,g* 4d36>#(,4%* F%&0"(E* 6''05#)'E* 9d0>C%(* 4d%g=&%''#0"'
"0,$%99%'* %(* '0,$%"(* (&.'* 5,&#%,'%'* c* 5d%'(* 6#"'#* ?,%* j* 50--%((&%* k* 'd6==9#?,%&6* 6,g
j*%"F6"('*=6&#)(6,g*k*%(*?,d0"*(&0,$%&6*-#99%*6,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*4%*5%*(/=%*4%*F0&-,96(#0"'t
<l9%H-l9%*%(*0,(&%*9%'*j*/%,g*)>0,&#FF)'*kE*0"*&%5%"'%*%"50&%*4%'*j*-#%((%'*4%*536#&*kE
4%'*j*536(0"'*4%*5%&$%99%*k*%(*6,(&%'*j*536"'0"'*5%&$#569%'*k*6#"'#*?,%*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'
$&6#-%"(* )(&6"]%'* 50--%* j* +d65(#0"* =9%,(* k* [GSNSE* =S* U1Ê* j* J,&9%u* 4&6=%6,g* k* [;SRSE* =S
Q@XÊ*j*,"*]&0'*(,-,9,'*4d69#>#*k*[GS8SE*=S*V@Ê*j*:#]&%''%*4%*$#%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@V1^*j*K(%#]"%u
(0,'* 9%'* ()-0#"'* k* [GS8SE* =S* 1UÊ* %(5S* O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#E* 5%96* F0,&-#99%* 9#(()&69%-%"(
6$%5* "0(6--%"(* j* ;&#F#5%'* I%"(6,g* k* [=S* VÊ* j* (&0,'* 56(6'(&0=3#?,%'* k* [=S* XUÊ* j* F&,#('
5695#?,%'*k*[=S*@1AÊ*j*53#%"*=3/'#?,%*k*[=S*WXÊ*j*%6,*")]6(#$%*k*[=S*@@QÊ*j*=0,4&%*4%
'#9%"5%*k*[=S*WTÊ*j*0&(#%'*'#9%"5#%,'%'*k*[=S*WUÊ*j*p-%*%"*53#FF0"*k*[=S*@QTÊ*j*p-%*|t}
=6&96"(%*%(*/9#;&8.87&*k*[=S*@QTÊ*j*>0#''0"*-,(#?,%*k*[=S*@1QÊ*j*3l(&6#%'*4%*F69>696'*k*[=S
@1@^*0,*%"50&%*j*=/C6-6*4d9#"5%,9*k*[=S*@W^*-6#'*#9*F6,(*>#%"*=&)5#'%&*?,%*4.'*4567&:$&)';9:.87B
5%*',&&)69#'-%*"0$6&#"#%"*)(6#(*0-"#=&)'%"(S*;"*/*)$0?,6#(*=6&*%g%-=9%*,"%*j*F&#56'')%
4%*40996&'*k*[=S*1X@Ê*,"%*j*'0,=%*4%*=6=#%&*k*[=S*@AL^*%(*,"*j*50,(%6,*4%*56&(0"*k*[=S*LQ^
0,*>#%"*690&'*0"*(0->6#(*',&*,"%*%g=&%''#0"*6>',&4%*%(*F6&F%9,%*50--%*j**(0"4&%*,"*>09
'6"'*?,d#9*'%*=96#]"%*k*[=S*T1Ê*%(5S*O%*-l-%E*f*96*F#"*4%*96*=#.5%*[=S*@XAÊ*I646-%*:0,53%
(#%"4&6*,"*4#'50,&'*4#]"%*4%*F#],&%&*46"'*,"%*6"(3090]#%*4,*',&&)69#'-%*D
On dirait une reine marchant sur des grenouilles ou bien la reine des grenouilles
parcourant un tapis de poulets, deux roues en train d’apprendre à vivre à une
ornière ou l’Avarice passant dans un ciel de canard !
+d6-0,&* F0,* =&)50"#')* =6&* :&%(0"* =0,&&6* 6,''#* 'd%g=&#-%&* 4%* F6b0"* ',&&)69#'(%* 53%u
M0$6&#"6*D*j*+%'*(&0,'*4%'*4&6=%6,g*-)4#(6"('*'d%g69(%"(*46"'*"0(&%*6$%",%*D*-0#*Cd6#*(6
53%$%9,&%*",%*=0,&*/*"0/%&*-%'*/%,g*50"(%"('*m*k*[;SNSE*=S*TL^S*7,(&%*=6&64#]-%*&%50"4,#(*D
9%*-%,&(&%*6&>#(&6#&%*%"*(6"(*?,%*-0469#()*=0''#>9%*4%*9d6==&053%*',&&)69#'(%*[5FS*-)(6=30&%
4,*&)$09$%&*%(*4%'*=6''6"('*?,d0"*6''6''#"%*46"'*96*&,%^*c*6#"'#E*46"'*4.*K*G8&E*0"*6,&6
[=S*@WQ^*D*j*Bd%'(*,"%*65(#0"*?,%*C%*40#'*F6#&%*q*=,#'*(&6$%&'%&S*<6&*%g%-=9%*$0,'*(,%&*6$%5
9d6#4%*4%*5%*50,(%6,*=%"46"(*?,%*$0,'*"%*=&0"0"5%u*6,5,"*-0(*=0,&*5&#%&*f*9d6#4%*kS*:,",%9
"d%'(* =6'* 90#"* -6#'E* -69]&)* (0,(E* 5%96* &%'(%* >%6,50,=* =9,'* "0$6&#"#%"* ?,%* (/=#?,%-%"(
',&&)69#'(%*D*j*`0#5#*-0"*50&='*?,#*-d6==&053%*D*#9*F0&-%*,"%*>0,59%*30&'*4%*(0,(%*90]#?,%S
G%*"d6#*=6'*50,(,-%*4%*5&#%&*=0,&*&#%"*k*[8SE*=S*@WQ^S*7*96*=6]%*@1Q*4%*45C/%.*&'E#)$&#AE*96
"0(#0"*4%*5&#-%*%'(*'64#%""%-%"(*[%(*9d0"*'6#(*?,%*864%*)(6#(*50"'#4)&)*=6&*:&%(0"*50--%
9d,"*4%'*]&6"4'*=&)5,&'%,&'*4,*',&&)69#'-%^*&6==&053)*4%*96*"0(#0"*4d6-0,&*D*j*B36?,%
F0#'* ?,%* Cd%"(%"46#'* =6&9%&* 9%* 5&#-%E* Cd%"(%"46#'* =6&9%&* 4d6-0,&k* [-6#'* 864%* 6,&6#(* '6"'
40,(%*4#(*%g65(%-%"(*9%*50"(&6#&%^S*K"*F6#(E*5d%'(*=9,'*46"'*96*'(&,5(,&%*=6&*"6==%'E*$6],%'E
@TX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
"#$%6,g*4#FF)&%"('*%(*69(%&"6"5%*&6=#4%*4%*'5."%'*?,%*'%*&%''%->9%"(*9%'*4%,g*6,(%,&'E*(0,(
UU
4%,g*j*90]0(3.(%'*k*'d#9*F6,(*%"*5&0#&%*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%& S
7,g*=6]%'*@QXH@QTH@QUH@QLH@QVH@WAH@W@H@W1*4%*4.'K*G8&E*0"*(0->%*-l-%*',&*,"%
$)&#(6>9%*-653#"%*f*6''05#%&*',&&)69#'(%-%"(*4%'*530'%'*4#FF)&%"(%'*D*f*=6&(#&*4d,"%*%"(6-%
%"* j* +6* -653#"%* f* |t}* kE* 0"* 6,&6* %"* %FF%(* j* +6* -653#"%* f* >0#&%* 96* '0,=%* =&0'=%5(%
9d,"#$%&'*kE*j*+6*-653#"%*f*'0&(#&*4%'*'%"(#%&'*>6((,'*4)],'(%*4%*96*5&.-%*kE*j*+6*-653#"%*f
%'?,#$%&*9%*&)5#(*F0"4*%"*96&-%'*kE*j*+6*-653#"%*f*&6(%&*(0,(*5&#%*6,*F%,*k*c*-6#'*9%'*-,9(#=9%'
699,'#0"'*f*4.*<$=:&*&%'(%"(*4%'*&6#9'*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"'*D*j*+6*-653#"%*f*46"'%&*',&*=965%
=6&6=3&6'%*9dK$6"]#9%*kE*j*+6*-653#"%*f*F&s9%&*9%*$#4%*&0-=(*9%*=6#"*k*[%(*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%
50"'#4)&%&* ?,%* j* +6* -653#"%* f* 9)53%&* 9%* F0"4* 4%'* =96('* %"* &%]6&46"(* 46"'* 9d6''#%((%* 4%
9d6,(&%*'d)56&(%*4%*96*$0#%*4&0#(%*k*50&&%'=0"4*f*,"*0"u#.-%*50--6"4%-%"(*'d6==9#?,6"(*f
5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*6==%9%&*96*50"$0#(#'%H]0,&-6"4#'%^S*B%*5s()*-653#"69
&6==%99%*6,''#*5%&(6#"%'*-)(6=30&%'*(/=#?,%-%"(*536"49)&#%""%'E*0,*5%99%'*4d,"*',#$%,&*4%
(69%"(*50--%*796#"*P%&>%&*[5FS*j*b6*9,#*#&6#(*50--%*4%'*>&%(%99%'*f*,"*<)9#56"kE*j*b6*9,#*$6
50--%*,"%*'690=%((%*f*,"*5&6=6,4*kE*%(5S^S*7,(&%*-653#"%*',&&)69#'(%*[%g=&%''#0"*=%,(Hl(&%
0g/-0&#?,%Ê*5%((%*'(&,5(,&%*f*=%,*=&.'*F#g%*[j*+6*(l(%*4%*9d30--%*%'(*,"%*|t}*?,#*(#%"(*=6'
4&0#(*46"'*,"%*|t}*?,#*|t}*k^*?,%*9d0"*(&0,$%*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@TV^**D
La tête de l’homme est la tête de l’homme ; la tête de l’homme est une cuiller
qui tient pas droit dans une soupe où bourdonne aucune mouche ; la tête de
l’homme est une valise qui tient pas droit dans une poubelle qui ronchonne ; la
tête de l’homme est une abeille qui tient rien ; la tête de l’homme est une serviette
qui tient rien dans une mouche qui dépasse ; la tête de l’homme est un pied
qui chante faux ; la tête de l’homme est une valise qui tient pas droit dans une
poubelle qui ronchonne ; la tête de l’homme est une abeille qui tient pas droit
dans une ambulance qui bourdonne ; la tête de l’homme est une serviette qui
tient pas pas droit dans une voiture qui dépasse ; la tête de l’homme tient pas
droit dans un tiroir rouge.
R9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*4d;,9#=0*9fH4%''0,'*[&#]#4#()*4,*4#'=0'#(#FE*-0('*'%->96"(*=%&-,(%&
50--%* f* 9d#"()&#%,&* 4d,"%* 6-,'6"(%* '%g(#"%* D* j* -0,53%* kE* j* 6>%#99%* kE* j* =0,>%99%* kE
j* '%&$#%((%* kE* j* &0"530""%* kE* j* >0,&40""%* k^* -6#'* 9d6==&053%* %'(* ?,6"4* -l-%* (&.'
4#FF)&%"(%S*:&%FE*5%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,(*f*F6#(*',&&)69#'(%*q*"#*(0,(*f*F6#(*0,9#=#%"*c*%"*'0--%*D*5d%'(
"0$6&#"#%"E*"%*'%&6#(H5%*?,df*56,'%*4,*&/(3-%E*4%'*%FF%('*&)=)(#(#F'*?,#*6#4%"(*6,*&/(3-%E*4%
9d#"5#=#(E*4%*96*=0#"(%*%(*4%'*=3&6'%'*50,&(%'*[j*96*(l(%*4%*9d30--%*%'(*,"%*6>%#99%*?,#*(#%"(
&#%"*kE*j*96*(l(%*4%*9d30--%*%'(*,"*=#%4*?,#*536"(%*F6,g*k^*?,#*'%*4)(653%"(*4,*&%'(%*%"
&%F,'6"(*%"*=6&(#%*9%*-0,9%*%(*%"*'0&(6"(*4,*C%,S
7#99%,&'E*4%'*50,9%,&'*'d6==9#?,%&0"(*',&&)69#'(%-%"(*f*4%'*530'%'*>#u6&&%'*D*'#*K9,6&4
"0,'* %"'%#]"%* ?,%* 96* (%&&%* %'(* >9%,%* 50--%* ,"%* 0&6"]%E* 0"* =6&9%&6* #5#* 4%* j* '0,=#&'
$#09%('*k*[OS7SE*=S*LA^*%(*4%*j*'0,=%*f*=0#9'*C6,"%'*k*[`SaSE*=S*V1^*c*f*96*=6]%*TT*4,*F.)($8
(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*0"*)$0?,%&6*-l-%*,"*j*=%(#(*]6&b0"*4%*@@*6"'*|$)&#F#6"(}*l(&%*f*=0#9
&0,]%*kS*a,6"(*f*96*j*>#5/59%((%*>90"4%*k*[;SNSE*=S*1AÊ*%99%*"%*=%,(*?,%*"0,'*&6==%9%&E*=6&*'6
=#90'#()*'6,]&%",%*[-l-%*'#*9%*>90"4*=%,(*6,''#*'d6==9#?,%&*6,*>9)E*f*96*>#.&%*%(*6,*'09%#9^*9%
j*&%$09$%&*f*53%$%,g*>96"5'*k*4%*:&%(0"*%(*9%*j*5r,&*53%$%9,*k*4d7&(6,4E*',&*9%?,%9*9%*j*=%(#(
<0.(%*=%&4,*|?,#((6"(}*'6*=0'#(#0"*5)9%'(%*k*'%&&%*,"%*j*#4)%*4d0,(&%H(%&&%*k*46"'*45J?=$:$*
(&/'4$?=&/S*7,(&%'*C%,g*',&*9%'*50,9%,&'*[$8*7SRS^*D*96*j*=&6#&#%*&%=%#"(%*%"*&0,]%*F%,*k*4%
96*=6]%*@1W*%(*',&(0,(E*=6]%*@@1*D*j*I%'*'%"(#-%"('*=6''%"(*4,*&0,]%*6,*>9%,*|t}*$#&%"(
UU
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*+d6&53#(%5(,&%*4,*'0,FF9%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X*L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*UTS
@TT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
6,*"0#&*'0->&%*=,#'*&%4%$#%""%"(*>9%,*$#F*c*-%'*>&6'*'0"(*%"*$%&&%*c*-%'*=%"')%'*'0"(*%"
>0#'*q*%(*C%*$6#'*$%&'*$0,'S*k
UKcKRK&?/%&42$2*(2#/&()7-&'2442"2$%&T&E(*B$2)
R5#E*#9*"%*'d6]#(*=6'*=0,&*"0,'*4%*5,#'(&%&E*50--%*4#&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*9d6,(%,&E*-6#'*4d#"4#?,%&*,"%
F#9#6(#0"*',&&)69#'(%*=0''#>9%*c*0"*6*-l-%*=,*4#&%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*)(6#(*5%9,#*?,#*6$6#(*j*40-=()
O646*k*q*%"*(0,(*56'E*46"'*j*+6*=%&&,53%*]w(*-0&(%*46"'*'6*56]%*&0,#99)%*k*[%(*46"'*j*+d%"F6"(
6&-)*&%=0'%*4%>0,(*46"'*96*>0w(%*6&]%"()%*kÊ*0"*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*j*+%*n609#"*F0,&-#99%*46"'
'6*>0w(%*5&p"#%""%*kE*=3&6'%*4%*2u6&6*&%(%",%*=6&*K9,6&4*46"'*'0"*@$*7$988.$)&'.=)I0I
(#' /#))I.:$/?&S* +d6,(&%* =0#"(* 4%* 50-=6&6#'0"E* 5%* '0"(* 9%'* (3.-%'* 6>0&4)'* [-l-%* '#* 9%
(&6#(%-%"(*4#FF.&%^*D*j*9d6-0,&*F0,*kE*9d#"'(6>#9#()E*9%*-0"4%*4%'*&l$%'E*5%9,#*4%'*50,9%,&'E*5%9,#
4%'*j*530'%'*$#$6"(%'*kE*%(5S*8%*=&0"0"b6"(*',&*96*?,%'(#0"*4d,"%*=0''#>9%*F#9#6(#0"E*9d6,(%,&
4%*4.'4$77I).7#)&'/.8/'&/79?.**=&0=0'%*5%=%"46"(*5%*4)$%90==%-%"(*D
On pourrait être tenté de rattacher les textes de Novarina au surréalisme.
Pourtant, l’effet d’évidence et de familiarité qu’ils produisent est plutôt l’apanage
du réalisme […] Les thèmes, les images de ces pièces appartiennent à notre
univers le plus quotidien, celui des super-marchés, du journal télévisé, de la
78
maladie, des petits métiers, des voitures.
O%* -l-%* %(* 50--%* 9%* &%-6&?,%* %"50&%* <#%&&%* G0,&4%E* 9%* &)5#(* 4%* $#%* "0$6&#"#%"* [#5#
%FF#565%-%"(*&)',-)^*F&6==%*=6&*'0"*699,&%*0&4#"6#&%*D*j*Cd6#*36>#()*#5#E*%(*=,#'*9fE*Cd6#*%,*,"
53#%"E*Cd6#*-69E*Cd6#-%E*C%*-%,&'*k*D*5d%'(*6,*F0"4*%(*%"*%FF%(*5%96*?,%*"0,'*&650"(%"(*9%'
=%&'0""6]%'*90&'?,d#9'*'%*'0,$#%""%"(*4%*9%,&*=6'')*q*5%*?,#*&%'(%*>#u6&&%E*5d%'(*?,%*=6&F0#'
#9'*0"(*=9,'#%,&'*=6'')'S
<0,&(6"(E*9d6,(&%*$&6#%*4#FF)&%"5%E*5d%'(*?,%*'6"'*)$0?,%&*9%'*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&'*4%*I6g
G650>*[46"'*4&'>9)8&7'\'(IE*"0(6--%"(Ê*4%*5%&(6#"'*F,(,&#'(%'*0,*-l-%*4%*B05(%6,*[6,
'(6(,(*(&.'*f*=6&(Ê*9%'*',&&)69#'(%'*'%*=&)'%"(6"(*50--%*(%9'*"%*'%*=0'6#%"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(
(0,C0,&'* 96* ?,%'(#0"* 4,* &/(3-%* %(* 4%* 96* $#(%''%E* 5%* ?,#* "d%'(* 5%&(6#"%-%"(* =6'* 9%* 56'* 4%
9d#"$%"(%,&*4%*96*90]04/"6-#?,%S*7,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*9%*$0#&*50--%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*9%((&#'(%
%(*4%*=0.(%*=30")(#?,%*-6#'*?,#*'%&6#(*&%'()*(&.'*'%"'#>9%*f*96*(&64#(#0"*'0,'*(0,(%'*9%'*F0&-%'
[(3)p(&69%E*>#>9#?,%E*5#&56''#%""%E*'36n%'=%6&#%""%E*%(5S^*?,d%99%*=%,(*&%$l(#&*q*5%*?,dR'0,E
=6&*9d6"6&53#%*?,6'#-%"(*6>'09,%*?,d#9*=&0F%''6#(E*"d)(6#(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(S*+%*5s()*'6$6"(*F0,
$0#&%*'6$6"(*F0,*F,&#%,g*4dR'#40&%*R'0,*'%*&%(&0,$%*5%=%"46"(*,"*=%,*53%u*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6
%(*#9*'%->9%&6#(*-l-%*?,%*9%*56&65(.&%*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*3%&-)(#?,%*%(*]90''0969#?,%*4%*5%&(6#"%'
%g=)&#%"5%'*9%((&#'(%'*&%C0#]"%"(*=6&*-0-%"('*9d6&(*4%*5%9,#*?,#*)5&#$#(*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(
4&'<.=$:*(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/S
B0--%*53%u*9%'*',&&)69#'(%'*0,*9%*=&%-#%&*2u6&6*[$0#&%*R'#40&%*R'0,Ê*5d%'(*9d%FF%(*4%
',&=&#'%*9#)*f*9d#"50"]&,#()*?,#*=%,(*=%&-%((&%E*6-%"%&E*','5#(%&*9%*&#&%*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*9d#4)%
F6&F%9,%*4d,"*9#?,#4%*?,#*'%&6#(*=#9%,g*[5FS*96*j*'0,=%*f*=0#9*C6,"%*k*#"*`SaS*c*=S*V1^*"0,'*)$0?,%
#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(* 9%'* #-6]%'* >#u6&&%'* ?,%* 9d0"* (&0,$%* '0,$%"(* 46"'* 9%'* 5646$&%'* %g?,#'E
%g%&5#5%*0,E*=6&*4)F#"#(#0"E*9d%FF%(*4%*50?*f*9dp"%*%'(*&0#S*!"%*6,(&%*F#9#6(#0"*&%'(%*f*)$0?,%&*D
UV
5d%'(*5%99%*4,*F,(,&#'-%*&,''%*6,?,%9*'%*&)F.&%*M0$6&#"6*%(*?,d)$0?,%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6( f
(&6$%&'*9%'*j*(&6"'5&#=(#0"'*4%'*536"('*4d0#'%6,g*4%*ˆ39%>"#n0$*k*40"(*=6&9%*B3&#'(#6"*<&#]%"(
46"'*4.'4.80#&'&7':&/'?98/7)&/E*B64%gE*@VLVE*=S*@U*%(*46"'*>&#A'"#$'?&)()&87'[<;+E*@VV@E
=S*QXÊ*0,$&6]%'*6,g?,%9'*"0,'*&%"$0/0"'S
78
&;+%''%&9*#'$%?&L.&-+"")'."#'%&>.:>&%>"*M.<?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&5q2F
UV
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.S*4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1@1S
@TU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
<0,&(6"(*%(*-l-%*'#E*50--%*#9*9%*4#(E*M0$6&#"6*6*=&#'*>%6,50,=*4%*&%5,9*=6&*&6==0&(*f*5%(
6&(#'(%*[?,d#9*6==&0536*"0(6--%"(*f*(&6$%&'*,"*(&6$6#9*,"#$%&'#(6#&%Ê*96*]&6"4%*&)F)&%"5%*&%'(%
=%,(Hl(&%*7&(6,4*D*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*',&*,"*=96"*6&(#'(#?,%*-6#'*=9,(s(*',&*,"*=96"*(3)0&#?,%S
O%*F6#(*?,6"4*5%*4%&"#%&*4#'6#(*46"'*,"%*50"F)&%"5%*#"(#(,9)%*K#))I.:$/?&'&7')I;9:#7$98*[#"
H&//.0&/')I;9:#7$988.$)&/^*k*+dR990]#?,%*%'(*9%*'%5&%(*4d,"*0&4&%*0o*'d%g=&#-%*,"*'%5&%(*4%
.-%
$#%*kE*#9*"%*'6$6#(*=6'*?,%*9%*F96->%6,*4%*9dR990]#?,%*'%&6#(E*%"*5%*4)>,(*4%*iiR
*'#.59%
&%=&#'*=6&*,"*5%&(6#"*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*6,(%,&*40"(*9dr,$&%*6==6&%--%"(*4)'0&40"")%*'%
=&)'%"(%*F#"69%-%"(*50--%*,"*50FF&%HF0&(*&%"F%&-6"(*=%,(Hl(&%E*%"*%FF%(E*9%*j*'%5&%(*4d,"
0&4&%*0o*'d%g=&#-%*,"*'%5&%(*4%*$#%*k*q*H*,"*'%5&%(*'6"'*40,(%*9#)*6,*50&='E*6,*-0,$%-%"(*%(
f*96*46"'%*[,"*=%,*50--%*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*>69#"6#'*6"69/')*46"'*4&'L+IM7)&'&7'/98'(9#=:&^S
LA
O6"'*j*+%*4%&"#%&*4%'*&0-6"(#?,%'*k E*G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,*=&0=0'%*%"50&%*,"%*6,(&%
=#'(%*%(*)$0?,%*9d#"F9,%"5%*4%*P)&6&4*4%*M%&$69*?,d#9*=&)'%"(%*50--%*,"*4%'*-6w(&%'*4d,"%
$)&#(6>9%*j*)509%*F&)")(#?,%E*40"(*9%'*3)&#(#%&'*'%&0"(*N#->6,4E*9%'*8,&&)69#'(%'*%(*7"(0"#"
7&(6,4*kS
UKqK&?/%&E")2(1)%&'E"2'E5%/(&'E)#1(*/(%
JFqF0F&PXX%">&$%&<*:>"'#<"+*:&+:<*:Q'#%
!"*6,(&%*(/=%*4%*F0&-,96(#0"*40#(*l(&%*#5#*-%"(#0"")*c*5d%'(E*=6&*%g%-=9%*D*j*-6*-.&%*6$6#(
)()*=965)%*'%#u%*6"'*6=&.'*'6*"6#''6"5%*|t}* 4%46"'* ,"%* >0""%* k* [`S* aSE* =S* TT^S* +d%FF%(
0>(%",*[5FS*j*4%46"'*,"%*>0""%*k*=0,&*j*53%u*,"%*>0""%*k^*"d%'(*=6'*C,'(%*'6#'#''6"(*D
#9*6*6,''#*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*]&0(%'?,%*%(*-0"'(&,%,gS*2&.'*4#FF#5#9%*f*6"69/'%&E*5%(*%FF%(*'%
&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*46"'*5%&(6#"'*?,6(&6#"'*4%*5%((%*536"'0"*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A*.8$?.#A*[&%=&#'%
f*96*=6]%*WA*4%*4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/^D
Va-t’en chercher du beurre pour ta mère Qui est malade dans ce tout petit
pot […] Quand je revins ma mère était repue Et tout le monde commençait
à s’asseoir Nous mangeâmes l’oie avec de la morue En compagnie qu’était
bouillie du soir.
7*?,0#*'d6==9#?,%"(*9%'*(%&-%'*h*B%*"d%'(*=6'*'#*)$#4%"(E*.'%)$9)$S*7#"'#E*f*96*=&%-#.&%*9%5(,&%E
0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*5&0#&%*?,%*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*>%,&&%*-6#'*96*-.&%E*-6964%E*?,#*%'(*46"'*,"
=%(#(*=0(S*+d6>'%"5%*4%*=0"5(,6(#0"*=0,&&6*6,''#*C0,%&*,"*&s9%*46"'*5%*(/=%*4%*50"F,'#0"*6,g
%FF%('*=6&F0#'*50-#?,%'*%(*=6&F0#'*9)].&%-%"(*#"?,#)(6"('E*-%((6"(*,"*=%,*-69*f*9d6#'%*-6#'
'6"'*?,d0"*'653%*4#&%*=0,&?,0#S*Bd%'(*?,%E*?,0#?,%*50-#?,%E*9d30&&%,&*[%(*#5#E*=%,(Hl(&%*D
j*9d0]&%&#%*k^*"d%'(*C6-6#'*(&.'*90#"*D*"%*'%&6#(H5%*40"5*=6'*96*50-=6]"#%*?,d0"*'d6==&l(%*f
50"'0--%&*'0,'*96*F0&-%*4d,"%*>0,#99#%*h
20,C0,&'*46"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5%*?,#*(0->%*4,*5#%9E*5%*"d%'(*"#*4%*96*=9,#%
"#* 4%* 96* ]&l9%E* "#* 4%* 96* "%#]%* "#* 4%* 96* -6""%* -6#'* 4%'* 0#'%6,g* D* j* R9* (0->%* -6#"(%"6"(
4%'* 0#'%6,g* k* [=S* @UVÊ* 5%* ?,#* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* ,"%* -)(6=30&%* q* -6#'* 4%* ?,0#* h* <0,&
4)5&#&%*,"%*C0,&")%*&%"4,%*-6,''64%*=6&*4%'*50"4#(#0"'*-)()0&090]#?,%'*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(
4)'6'(&%,'%'E* 0"* 4#&6* j* ,"* $&6#* (%-='* 4%* 53#%"* F90((6#(* =6&(0,(* k* [=S* @1UÊ* 5%* ?,#* &%"4
>%6,50,=*=9,'*'=%5(65,96#&%*eR9*F6#(*,"*(%-='*4%*53#%"eS*;"*'%*4#&6*)]69%-%"(*j*7FF6-)'
4%*96*'0#F*k*[=S*1AV^*%(*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*(&0,$6"(*j*=0&(%*50#(%*k*[=S*TQ^*?,d0"*'%*-%((&6*f
=0,''%&*4%'*j*'0,=#&'*$#09%('*k*[=S*LA^S*<0,&*&%-)4#%&*f*(0,(*5%5#*[96*4)=&%''#0"*=0#"(6"(Ê
0"*50"',9(%&6*D*j*+%*405(%,&*-%*4#5(6*4,*'04#,-*k*[=S*1LL^*q*-6#'*9%*$%&>%*j*=&%'5&#&%*k*)(6#(
=%,(Hl(&%* =9,'* 6==&0=&#)S* 7,(&%'* %g%-=9%'* '#]"#F#56(#F'* (0,C0,&'* =,#')'* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/
.#A' .8$?.#A* D* j* $#$&%* 46"'* 9%'* %&&%,&'* k* [=S* @UQ^* 6,* 9#%,* 4%* j* $#$&%* 46"'* 9d%&&%,&* k
LA
**G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,E*j*+%*4%&"#%&*4%'*&0-6"(#?,%'*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@UXS
@TL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%(* ',&(0,(* k* 50,53%&* 53%u* 9%'* =0#&%6,g* k* [=S* @UQ^S* O6"'* N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/E* 0"
&650"(%&6*D*j*!"*C0,&E*46"'*4%*9d0&53%'(&%*|t}E*Cd6#*5&,*$0#&*|t}*k*[=S*L@Ê*%(5S
UKqKRK&Y=-(7)%&%(&B#1$%&'%&0#55%&
86"'*?,%*96*50"'(&,5(#0"*'0#(*$&6#-%"(*#"50&&%5(%*0,*#"50"]&,%E*5%&(6#"'*%FF%('*&%9.$%"(*=%,(H
l(&%*C,'(%*4d,"%*-)(6=30&#'6(#0"*>#u6&&%E*-6#'*40"(*0"*"%*(&0,$%*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*9d)?,#$69%"(
53%u*9%'*',&&)69#'(%'*c*46"'*F&'/#$/*=6&*%g%-=9%*[=S*ULÊ*0"*=&)(%"4&6*j*|%"(%"4&%}*%"*>,)%
|'6}*F#],&%*&%'=#&%&*kS*O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*5%96*'d%->699%*D*'#*j*|)=9,53%&}
,"%*5%&#'%*k*[=S*QV^*%'(*,"%*=&05)4,&%*=%,*50--,"%*-6#'*&%'(6"(*=0''#>9%E*0"*=96#"4&6*96
j*-6(#.&%*3,-6#"%*k*?,d0"*'6#(*j*'0,-#'%*6,*(%-='*'6#]")*k*[=S*VXÊ*0"*=&0C%((%*4dj|699%&}*%"
5%&$%6,*k*[=S*Q1^*%(*4%*j|50--%((&%*'0"}*&%=%"(#&*k*[=S*ULÊ*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*j*(0&&%"(*&0,96"(
'#9%"5%*k*[=S*QL^*%(*4dj%6,*4%*96*-l-%*F6&#"%*k*[=S*T1^*=%"46"(*?,d,"*)5&#(%6,*j*=%"'%*?,d#9
40&(*k*[=S*QAÊ*'6"'*40,(%*,"*50,'#"*)90#]")*4%*I0"'#%,&*2#&0#&*%(*4,*>0"*O05(%,&*<6"#%&S
;"*6,&6*6,''#*5%((%*&)$)96(#0"*[5%*'500=*$0#&%^*D*j*+d%'=65%*"%*$#>&%*=6'*D*#9*'#FF9%E*#9*'#FF9%E
#9*'#FF9%*k*[=S*1L^*D*?,d%'(H5%*f*4#&%*h
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*0"*=6&9%&6*4d,"%*=9,#%*?,#*j*-%*(0->%*4%46"'*k*%(*"0"*',&*-0#E
50--%* 4#(* 96* 536"'0"* q* -6#'* 9%* F6-%,g* $%&'* j* #9* =9%,(* 46"'* -0"* 5r,&* 50--%* #9* =9%,(
',&*96*$#99%*k*=0,&&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*%g=9#?,%&*5%((%*=9,#%*4,*4%46"'S*R9*'%&6*6,''#*?,%'(#0"*4%
&%50--%"5%&*,"%*65(#0"*j*C,'?,df*96*(&0,%&*4%*=%,&*k*[;SNSE*=S*@@L^*%(*0"*=0,&&6*j|-0,&#&}
4d50--%((&%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@VX^S*O6"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*TAÊ*j*753.(%H(0#*,"*5%&$%6,*k*'%->9%
&%(&6$6#99)*46"'*j*7==%9%uH-0#*,"*5%&$%6,*k*q*-6#'*9d%"C%,*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%E*=0,&*40""%&*,"
)?,#$69%"(*6&]0(#?,%E*4%*50"(65(%&*,"%*(&0"53%E*K#"'(%#"*0,*6,(&%S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#B*0"
=6&9%*4d,"*j*%'=&#(*k*?,#*6*j*$)5,*53%u*G%6"*<0,=6&4*k*[=S*VL^*0,*4,*j*53#%"*?,#*=6''%*k*%(
f*?,#*9d0"*j*40""%*5%*(%-='*k*[=S*@X1^S*+6*F0&-,96(#0"*>#u6&&%*%(\0,*#-=&0=&%*=0,&&6*-l-%
50"5%&"%&*4%'*(#(&%'E*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'%(*45C/%.*&'E#)$&#A**"%*$0,96"(*.'%)$9)$*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"
4#&%*q*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=0,&*9d6,(%,&*,"%*-6"#.&%*4d6""0"5%&*96*50,9%,&S
8#]"690"'*=0,&*F#"#&*?,%*5%&(6#"%'*%g=&%''#0"'*$&6#-%"(*)(&6"]%'*0"(*,"%*%g=9#56(#0"E
=6&F0#'*40"")%*=6&*M0$6&#"6*9,#H-l-%*[5%96*6&&#$%^S*<0,&*j*+6*9,-#.&%*",#(*k*=6&*%g%-=9%E
#9*%g=9#?,6*46"'*,"%*50"F)&%"5%*4%*=&)'%"(6(#0"*=0,&*,"%*#"'(6996(#0"*=96'(#?,%*f*96?,%99%
+/4#%*<6&#''%*6''#'(6*[%99%*&6==0&(%*5%((%*6"%540(%*46"'*'0"*0,$&6]%*4)Cf*5#()E*e4.'%.)9:&
7)9#I&*e*f*96*=6]%*@WTÊ*?,d#9*50"$%"6#(*f*'0"*6$#'*4%*'%*-)F#%&*4%'*9,-#.&%'*6&(#F#5#%99%'*%(
?,df*96*96-=%*#9*9,#*6&&#$6#(*=6&F0#'*4%*=&)F)&%&*96*>0,]#%t*;"*9%*$0#(*D*9d6==&053%*"0$6&#"#%""%
%'(* 4)5#4)-%"(* 4)&0,(6"(%* q* %(* =0,&(6"(* 9d6,(%,&* &%'(%* 503)&%"(* 56&* 5%((%* %g=9#56(#0"
50"5&.(%*%(*=&6]-6(#?,%*"0,'*=6&6w(*e&6550&4e*6$%5*,"%*6==&053%*=9,'*(3)090]#?,%*D*9%'
9,-#.&%'*40"(*#9*'d6]#(*4%*'%*-)F#%&*'0"(*5%99%'*4%'*$#99%'*[$0#&%*4%*:6>/90"%^*%(*=9,'*$&6#-%"(
5%99%'*4,*50&='*%(*4%*O#%,S*O%*-l-%E*9%'*")0"'*?,d0"*$0#(*59#]"0(%&*46"'*9%'*&,%'*"%*4#'%"(
=6'*(0,'*j*G%*',#'*k*[>0,50(#?,%'E*#9'*"0,'*4#'%"(*=9,(s(*`0#5#E*%"(&%E*653.(%^*D*M0$6&#"6E*.
%)$9)$E*=&)F.&%*40"5*9%*F%,*%(*96*9,-#.&%*4%'*>0,]#%'t
UKqKUK&,P*B)1:(
O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%'*5%&(6#"%'*6FF#&-6(#0"'*(&.'*56()]0&#?,%'*%(*(&.'*=&053%'*[%"
(%&-%* 4d%FF%(* 4%* '6#'#''%-%"(^* 4,* =6&640g%* =0,&&0"(* %"50&%* "0,'* ',&=&%"4&%* %(* "0,'
#"(&#],%&*50--%*j*+d30--%*%'(*,"*90,=*=0,&*96*F%--%*k*[OS7SE*=S*XLÊ*j*+%*'#.]%*4%*-6
=%"')%*'0"(*-%'*=#%4'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@ALÊ*j*+%*96"]6]%*F&6"b6#'*9%*4#(*D*"0"*%'(*9%*"0-S*Il-%
-0,$%-%"(*4%*"0--%&*%(*4%*"#%&S*k*[<SISE*=S*QAÊ*j*x*6*4%*=9,'*%"*=9,'*4%*=6'')*k*[;SRSE*=S
1X^*0,*j*+6*$#6"4%*F,(*%(*'%&6S*I6#'*96*$#6"4%*"d%'(*=6'S*k*[OS`SE*=S*W@^*q*%(*&6==%90"'*%"50&%
j*+6*-0&(*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#%*kE*j*9d%"F6"5%*%'(*,"%*(&.'*-6,$6#'%*F0&-6(#0"*kE*j*+d%'=65%*"%
$#>&%*=6'*D*#9*'#FF9%*kE*%(*j*+d0&]6"%*4%*96*=6&09%E*5d%'(*96*-6#"*kS*<0,&*j*+%*&0,]%*(0->%*k*[46"'
@TV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4&')&%./E*=S*@QXÊ*#9*&6==%99%*$6],%-%"(*j*+%*&0,]%*%'(*-#'*kE*j**+6*",#(*(0->%*k*%(*=%,(H
l(&%*-l-%*j*+6*9,-#.&%*",#(*kS
+%*5s()*6>&,=(*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*&)5%"(%'*(%99%'*?,%*4.'K*G8&*6$%5*4%'
6FF#&-6(#0"'*50--%*j*+%*=)53)*%'(*f*$6=%,&*k*[=S*XL^*%(*0"*6*6,''#*,"*%FF%(*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(
4#&%*',=%&H'~#F(#%"*46"'*j*+d,"#$%&'*%'(*46"'*96*=053%*k*[=S*W1^*D*'#*%99%*%'(*$#4%E*#9*/*%'(*'%,9
-6#'*/*6H(H#9*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*,"%*6,(&%*&)69#()*?,%*9d,"#$%&'*D*'#*0,#E*#9*F6,(*>#%"*?,d#9*'0#(*50"(%",
46"'*?,%9?,%*530'%*%(*M0$6&#"6*530#'#(*4%*4#&%*?,%*5d%'(*,"%*=053%*q*6#99%,&'E*#9*4#&6*?,%
5d%'(*,"*'65E*,"*!E*,"*>#40"*0,*,"*")0"S*O%*-l-%E*"0,'*9d6$0"'*%"(%"4,*4#&%*46"'*,"%
#"(%&$#%~*j*+d%'=65%*%'(*4%*>#6#'*k*%(*46"'*4%'*&)=9#?,%'*>&.$%'*50--%*j*K"$#&0"*3,#(S*k
?,#*&)=0"4*f*j*G%*',#'*f*50->#%"*h*k*q*4%*?,0#*h*[0,*4d0o*h^*"d)(6"(*=6'*=&)5#')*[;SRSE*=S
VX^*qE*0"*6,&6*6,''#*9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*&%'(%&*',&*"0(&%*F6#-*D*4%*?,0#*'d6]#(H#9*$&6#-%"(*h*86"'
40,(%*4d3%,&%'*0,*4%*n#90-.(&%'*[,"*=%,*6$6"(E*#9*)(6#(*?,%'(#0"*4%*96*j*&0,(%*4%*+6"]&%'*k^
-6#'*%'(H5%*'#*'z&*h
R9*/*6*=0,&(6"(*4%*96*90]#?,%*46"'*9d#990]#?,%*"0$6&#"#%"*D*'#*j*9%'*=#.]%'*4%*96*=%"')%*'0"(
9%'*(&0,'*46"'*9%*'09*kE*5d%'(*=6&5%*?,%*9%'*=#%4'*'0"(*j*9%*'#.]%*4%*-6*=%"')%*k*[;SNSE*=S
@AL^*c*>&%FE*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*46"'*96*90]#?,%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*(0,(*6#(*F#"69%-%"(*,"%*%g=9#56(#0"
f*=%,*=&.'*'6(#'F6#'6"(%*D*#9*',FF#(*=0,&*5%96*4d%"(&%&*46"'*96*90]#?,%*4,*(%g(%*%"*9%*=&%"6"(
=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(*6,*')&#%,gE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*6,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%S
+f*%"50&%E*',&&)69#'-%*%(*]0z(*&%96(#F*4%*96*=&0$05d*[j*O#%,*%'(*=%(#(*kE*j*+6*-0&(*%'(
",99%*kE*%(5S^*'%*-)96"]%"(*6''%u*',>(#9%-%"(E*,"*=%,*50--%*53%u*`#696((%*[j*+%*53%$69
%'(*,"%*%'=.5%*4%*30-6&4*kÊ*:,&&0,]3'*[j*+6*$#%*%'(*,"*5,(H,=*k^*0,*P#"'>%&]*4)596-6"(
#50"0596'(%-%"(*j*+%*(&0,*4,*5,9*%'(*'65&)*k*q*5%*5s()*=)&%-=(0#&%*%(*F0&(%-%"(*6FF#&-6(#F
[(6"(*?,%*5%96*=&l(%*=&%'?,%*f*&#&%^*'d%'(*=6&F0#'*&%(&0,$)*53%u*I6&],%&#(%*O,&6'*D*j*2,*"d6'
&#%"*$,*f*J#&0'3#-6*kE*j*!"*9#$&%E*5d%'(*96*",#(*kE*j*:0#&%E*5d%'(*O#%,*kE*j*`0,'*(#&%&%u*6$%5
-0#*',&*9%'*9)=&%,'%'*4%*8369#-6&*kE*%(5S*I6#'*9d#-=&%''#0"*4d)(&6"]%()*=&04,#(*=6&*4%*(%9'
%FF%('*0,*6=30&#'-%'*%(*6,(&%'*=6&640g%'*=0,&&6*6,''#*l(&%*0>(%",%*=6&*9%*=&05)4)*4%*96
=)&#=3&6'%t
VK&Y#(-X-:<2/Q&%(&:E)2:<)*-%-&4$#1%VKOK&?/%&$*/01%&T&1-*0%&2/(%)/%
Des inventions et désappropriations linguistiques comme celles de Novarina faisant voler en éclat le flux quotidien du langage à tous les niveaux du discours :
phonétique, orthographique, lexical, grammatical et narratif - n’ont pas été
réalisés sans tenir compte de la psychopathologie du langage. Ces exemples
de déformation et de création linguistiques constituent-ils de simples idiolalies
ou idioglossies (c’est à dire une déformation si extrême de la prononciation que
la personne semble parler dans une langue qui lui est propre) ou s’agit-il de
la création d’idiolectes proches d’un langage privé ? La meilleure explication
se trouverait peut-être dans la notion, définie par Michel Thévoz, de « motssphinx » qui indique des mots tout à la fois mystérieux, impossibles à interpréter
et hermétiques. C’est là précisément que le lecteur, doit cesser de chercher à
comprendre le texte pour pouvoir le lire et l’entendre.
@UA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
L@
*
Bd%'(*799%"*8S*‚%#''*?,#*'d%g=&#-%*6#"'#*46"'*,"*6&(#59%*#"(#(,9)*j*+6*<6&09%*)596()%*k*
q*%(*"0,'*#&0"'*46"'*'0"*'%"'S*B%&(6#"%'*%g=&%''#0"'*"0,'*'%->9%"(*%"*%FF%(*&%5%9%&*,"
'%"'*5653)*-6#'*9d0"*'%*=&%"4*f*=%"'%&*?,%*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*=6&5%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*=6&9%
4%*?,%9?,%*530'%*?,d#9*%'(*9%*'%,9*f*50-=&%"4&%E*50--%*,"*'0,'H(%g(%*3/=%&H#"(#-%E*50"",
40"5*4%*9,#H'%,9*%(*?,#E*f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*4)504%,&E*=0,&&6#(*"0,'*F0,&"#&*(0,(%'*9%'*59%F'E*,"%
(&64,5(#0"*%"*'0--%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*50"'%&$%&6#(*=&)5#%,'%-%"(E*C690,'%-%"(E*=6&*4%$%&'*9,#
%(*?,#E*'#*%99%*4#$,9],)%E*%g=9#?,%&6#(*(0,(*4%*F6b0"*9,-#"%,'%S
Z#"69%-%"(E* "0(&%* 6,(%,&* =&05.4%* 46"'* '%'* =#.5%'* 50--%* G%6"H+,5* P046&4* 46"'
'%'* #"(%&$#%~'* %(* #9* "0,'* =6&6w(* =%&(#"%"(* 4d)(6>9#&* ,"* =6&699.9%* %"(&%* 9%'* 4%,g* 6&(#'(%'
?,#E* 4%* F6#(E* '%* &%''%->9%"(E* '%* 50""6#''%"(* %(* 'd6==&)5#%"(* D* 46"'* '%'* 6->#(#%,'%'* %(
4)&0,(6"(%'*R$/79$)&/'(#'*$8I?.E*P046&4*F6#(*-l-%*,"*59#"*4dr#9*6,*4&6-6(,&]%*=,#'?,df
,"*-0-%"(*40"")*[%(*0"*'6#(*9d#-=0&(6"5%*#5#*6550&4)%*f*96*>6"4%H'0"Ê*0"*%"(%"4*96*$0#g
4d7"4&)*I6&50"*4#'6"(*4,*M0$6&#"6S*O6"'*'%'*#"(%&$#%~'*[&64#0=30"#?,%'E*()9)$#')%'^*%(
'%'*9)]%"46#&%'*50"F)&%"5%'*4%*=&%''%*[6,*Z%'(#$69*4%*B6""%'E*"0(6--%"(Ê*P046&4*"0,'
%"(&%(#%"(*%"*%FF%(*4%*'6*50"5%=(#0"*(0,(%*=%&'0""%99%*4,*5#")-6*[5FS*3#'(0#&%E*(%53"#?,%'E
#-=0&(6"5%*4,*'0"E*4,*530#g*4%*96*56-)&6E*&6==0&(*f*96*j*-653#"%*f*4#&%*`0#5#*kE*%(5S^*-6#'
'6"'*C6-6#'*F6#&%*4,*>l(%*4#465(#'-%*'5096#&%*[5%*?,#*)?,#$6,4&6#(*f*'d6&&l(%&*6=&.'*536?,%
=3&6'%*=0,&*%g=9#?,%&*5%*?,d%99%*'#]"#F#%*=0,&*9,#^*%(*%"*"d6/6"(*5,&%*4dl(&%*50-=&#'*q*?,#*%'(
'0,$%"(*(&.'*4&s9%S*7#"'#E*?,6"4*#9*4#(*9650"#?,%-%"(*j*80"/*$%,(*=6'*)50,(%&*9%'*>)>)'*kE
96*F0&-,96(#0"E*=6&*'0"*5s()*6>&,=(*%(*56()]0&#?,%E*%'(*6''%u*4&s9%*H*-6#'*?,d%'(H5%*?,%*5%96
=0,&&6#(*>#%"*$0,90#&*4#&%*h
O6"'* 5%* (/=%* 4d#"(%&$#%~* 50-#50H3%&-)(#?,%* [$0#&%* 50-#50=6?,%Ê* F6#(%'* ,"* %FF0&(* m
%(* K''6/%u* 4%* $0,'* #"()&%''%&* 6,(&%-%"(* 6,* 5#")-6* m* 50"'(#(,%"(* =%,(Hl(&%* %"* =6&(#%* 9%
-%''6]%*4,*&)69#'6(%,&*S*;&E*#9*'%*=%,(*?,d#9*/*6#(*4%*5%96*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*'0"*4#'50,&'*#-=9#5#(%
)(6"(*=9,(s(*D*96*=6&09%*"d%'(*=6'*5%99%*?,%*$0,'*5&0/%u*c*$0,'*5&0/%u*=6&9%&*-6#'*$0,'*"%
4#(%'* &#%"* D* $0,'* "dl(%'* =0,&* &#%"* 46"'* 9%* 50&='E* %(* =0,&* &#%"* 46"'* 96* =6&09%* q* =0,&(6"(E
=&)5#'0"'*?,%*M0$6&#"6*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%$6"(*'0"*=&0=&%*(&6$6#9*46"'*96*-l-%*'#(,6(#0"*?,%
"0,'*=&0=0'6"(*,"%*(3.'%*',&*9,#E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*"d/*50-=&%"6"(*'(&#5(%-%"(*&#%"*D*0"*"%*=%,(E
#5#E*?,d)-%((&%*4%'*3/=0(3.'%'*[%(*=,#'*',&F%&*4%'','^*?,6"(*f*96*'#]"#F#56(#0"*$)&#(6>9%*4%'
%g=&%''#0"'*%"*?,%'(#0"E*(0,(%'*=9,'*'/>#99#"%'*9%'*,"%'*?,%*9%'*6,(&%'S
VKRK&J$2-&%(&#1)$%(-&'1&:*/(*$#/
K$0?,)*46"'*96*=6&(#%*50"5%&"6"(*9%*-0(H6550&4)0"E*9%*=6"(690"*"0$6&#"#%"*&%'(%*,"*-/'(.&%
-6#'*0"*"%*9d6*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*6''%u*&6==&053)*4,*=%&'0""6]%*4%*$#%#996&4*4#(*<6"(690"E*,"%
4%'*F#],&%'*#-=0&(6"(%'*4%*96*B0--%4#6*4%99d*6&(%*D*"d%'(H#9*=6'*)(&6"]%*?,%*5%96*?,%*"0,'
6==%90"'*=6"(690"*'0#(*6,''#*,"*=%&'0""6]%*4%*(3)p(&%*h*+%*$#%#9*746-*=6&9)*)(6"(*9%*'%,9
6"#-69*f*=0&(%&*4%'*$l(%-%"('E*0"*=0,&&6#(*)]69%-%"(*'%*4%-6"4%&*'#*9%'*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'
4,*-0(*j*=6"(690"*k*"%*$#'%*=6'*f*&6==&053%&*5%9,#H5#*4%'*-0('*=6&09%*%(*>6990"*[?,#*'0"(
6,''#*9%*=&0=&%*4%*9d30--%^*D*j*=6"(6&>690"'*kE*j*=6"(6&46>90"'*kE*)$%"(,69#()*?,#*F,(*4)Cf
)$0?,)%*5#H6$6"(S*K"*F6#(E*"0'*3/=0(3.'%'*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*6>',&4%'*%(*"0,'*=&)F)&0"'
L1
5#(%&*f*"0,$%6,*<#%&&%*G0,&4%*?,#E*46"'*j*+6*=6"(690""64%*4%*M0$6&#"6*k E*=&0=0'%*,"%
6,(&%*$%&'#0"*>#%"*=9,'*50"$6#"56"(%*%(*6&],-%"()%*D
Le pantalon revient souvent chez lui. On y parle fréquemment de son pantalon,
ou dans son pantalon : « puis j’ai été nommé garçon, puis pantalon » dit
L@
**799%"*8S*‚%#''E*j*+6*=6&09%*)596()%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@VAS
**<#%&&%*G0,&4%E*j*+6*=6"(690""64%*4%*M0$6&#"6*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1QS
L1
@U@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
le chercheur de Falbala. « L’homme est un pantalon » : cette assertion
métaphysique résonne comme une pantalonnade : elle est incongrue. […] Etre
dans son pantalon, c’est être en proie à la tautologie. Je suis », dit l’homme. « Je
suis dans mon pantalon » en est l’équivalent étendu, mais plus juste. La première
tautologie est métaphysique. La seconde est une incongruité d’opérette, qui ôte
toute nécessité à l’affirmation. Les drames de Novarina sont très exactement
des pantalonnades, comme les films de Louis de Funès. Des pantalonnades
apocalyptiques.
R5#E*9d0"*$0#(*>#%"*?,%*"0,'*"%*'0--%'*=6'*9%'*'%,9'*f*4)F6#&%*4%'*0,&9%('*6,*=6"(690"*%"
=&0=0'6"(*4%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*c*5%99%H5#*)(6"(*(0,(*f*F6#(*#"()&%''6"(%E*5%96*"0,'*%"50,&6]%*f
#-#(%&*<#%&&%*G0,&4%*%"*=&0=0'6"(*f*"0(&%*(0,&*%(*f*9d0556'#0"*4d6,(&%'*4)$%90==%-%"('*4%
5%*(/=%*D*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*F6#(*9%*'%,9*$)&#(6>9%*-0/%"*4%*=6&9%&*4d,"%*r,$&%*50--%*5%99%
4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S*G,'(%*6$6"(*9%*=6''6]%*5#()E*<#%&&%*G0,&4%*%g=9#?,6#(*D
Le moi est souvent « en bois de moi », ou d’autre chose, et tuer un chien, c’est le
faire cesser d’être en chien, comme si ce qui constitue le plus profondément les
êtres n’était qu’accessoire. Il y a des cachettes à bras et des voitures à bretelles,
des arbres en rien, des empilements de détails loufoques. Identité personnelle
(« je suis »), identité collective (vies, peuples), humanité même ne sont guère plus
que des vêtements interchangeables. Novarina dit qu’il n’y a pas de personnages
dans l’opérette mais « des vêtements habillés ». Idée que l’on pourrait résumer
dans la formule suivante : « l’homme est un pantalon ».
;"*=0,&&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*699%&*=9,'*90#"*%"*=0'6"(*?,%*9%*-0"4%*%'(*,"*=6"(690"*-6#'*5%*'%&6#(
'6"'*40,(%*6550&4%&*,"*=%,*(&0=*4d#-=0&(6"5%*f*j*<6"(69*k*c*"%*"0,'*F0569#'0"'*40"5*=6'
',&*96*?,%'(#0"*%(*(p530"'*4d)(,4#%&*4d6,(&%'*-)(6=30&%'*%(*4d6,(&%'*=)&#=3&6'%'SSS
VKUK&,%&5=-(7)%&'PM()%&%/&92*/'%
VKUKOK&,*&41/7B)%&T&S12$$#(2/
O6"'*9%*56'*4%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*(l(6&4*'0,36#()*k*[OS`SE*=S*WTÊ*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*4%*9d%"F6"(
4)'#&)*?,d#9*'d6]#(S*7#99%,&'E*96*j*50&"%*056&#"%*k*4)'#]"%*'z&%-%"(*9d#"'(&,-%"(*4%*-,'#?,%
4#(*056&#"6*%(*?,6"(*6,g*j*=%"')%'*u#]u6]*k*[;SNSE*=S*X@Ê*5%*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%'*=%"')%'
50"F,'%'E*5360(#?,%'*?,#*'%*-)96"]%"(*%(*=6&(%"(*46"'*(0,'*9%'*'%"'*D*4%'*%g%-=9%'*50--%
5%,gH5#E*0"*=0,&&6#(*%"*(&0,$%&*-#99%*[%(*-l-%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*?,%*-#99%^*-6#'*#9*'%->9%*?,%
9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(*[%(*50--%*0"*$6*9%*$0#&Ê*96*=)&#=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*'d6==9#?,%*=9,(0(*f*4%'
"0(#0"'*(&.'*])")&69%'*[$#%E*-0&(E*(%-='^*50--%*46"'*j*=%&'#'(%&*%"*$#6"4%&#%*kE*j*699%&*f
P96'*kE*%(5S
B%96* 4#(E* =0,&* 9%'* =)&#=3&6'%'E* '#* 5d%"* '0"(E* ?,#* ',#$%"(E* "0(&%* #"(%&=&)(6(#0"* %'(* >#%"
'z&*36,(%-%"(*4#'5,(6>9%*D*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87'[=S*@@V^*=0,&*50--%"5%&E*j*2%"6"5#%&*4%
()".>&%E*=6(6,]%uH"0,'*,"*)(0,&4#''%-%"(*k*=0,&&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*'%*(&64,#&%*=6&*e265#(,&"%
6,>%&]#'(%E*50"505(%uH"0,'*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*F0&(*?,#*'0#(*','5%=(#>9%*4%*"0,'*F6#&%*(0->%&
46"'* 9%'* >&6'* 4%* I0&=3)%e* f* -0#"'E* 3/=0(3.'%* -0#"'* -6()&#69#'(%E* ?,%* 9%* 2%"6"5#%&* 4%
()".>&%*k*'0#(*J64.'*%"*=%&'0""%*%(*?,%*'d%g=&#-%*#5#*,"*4)'#&*4%*-0,&#&*q*6,(&%*=#'(%*D
5%'*4%,g*3/=0(3.'%'*"%*'0"(*=6'*#"50-=6(#>9%S*O6"'*j*<0"5%H"0,'*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*=9,'
',#"(6"(*?,%*b6*"0,'*&6$#(6#99%*9%'*%'=&#('*k*[+SISE*=S*X1@Ê*96*4%-6"4%*'%->9%*#"$%&'%*D*0"
$0,4&6#(*,"*&%-0"(6"(*=9,'*(0"#?,%S
@U1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*WXVÊ*j*'%*F6#&%*'6,(%&*96*5%&$%99%*k*4%$#%"(*j*'%*F6#&%*',#"(%&
96*5%&$%99%*kE*f*&6==&053%&*4%*j*'%*&%-,%&*9%'*-)"#"]%'*kE*j*(&6$6#99%&*4,*536=%6,*k*0,*j*'%
=&%"4&%*96*(l(%*kS*Bd%'(*,"%*r,$&%*'0->&%*0o*9d0"*"%*46"'%*=6'*96*B6&-6]"09%*-6#'*[=S*WLA^
96*j*56(64&0-%*k*[-0(*#"?,#)(6"(*=&053%*4%*56(650->%'*f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*-l9%*$)904&0-%*%(
56(6F69?,%^S*+6*N)$09,(#0"*F&6"b6#'%*%'(*%"50&%*#"4#&%5(%-%"(*=&)'%"(%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/
?9)7/*f*(&6$%&'*9d%"50,&6]%-%"(*j*B3&l-%*>0"E*+,5#"E*3,#9%*(0"*F6&,E*F&6"5%*96*F,".>&%*f
],#990(#"*k*[=S*WVW^*0o*#9*'%->9%*?,%'(#0"*4%*&%''0&(#&*96*],#990(#"%*[6==%9)%*6#99%,&'*j*20,&*f
P,#990(*k^*%(*4%*96*=&)=6&%&*%"*F6#'6"(*%"*'0&(%*?,%*9%*-)56"#'-%*'0#(*>#%"*3,#9)*%(*96*96-%
%FF#9)%S*j*+d)(6(*%'(*5&)=,'5,9#%&*k*9#(H0"*f*96*=6]%*X1X^*%(E*4%*F6#(E*9%*-0"4%*4)5&#(*%'(*6''%u
6=0569/=(#?,%*D*9%*(3)p(&%*4%'*0=)&6(#0"'*%'(*,"*j*|(3)p(&%}*4%'*0&%#99%'*k*[=S*QTT^*0o*9d0"
j*|F6#(}*>0,56"*k*[=S*WVW^*D*5%*$656&-%*=%,(*&%"4&%*F0,*%(*9%*-693%,&*%'(*=6&(0,(*D*5%&(6#"'
%"*C%((%"(*-l-%*4%'*j*C%('*4%*96&-%&#%*k*[=S*X@@^S
VKUKRK&,%&:*/(*$#/&)#10%
I693%,&E*4)'%'=0#&*%(*4)(&%''%*'0"(*6,''#*4%'*(3.-%'*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E
=#.5%*0o*9d0"*j*|F96#&%}*=9)&#56(*k*D*0"*'6#(*?,%*5%*?,#*"0,'*6((%"4*6,*>0,(*4%*5%((%*j*=6]%*f
"6]%&*k*?,d%'(*96*$#%E*5d%'(*9%*j*-6"(%6,*4%*=96"53%'*?,%*"0,'*(6#99%*9%*536&=%"(#%&*k*[:SBSOSE
=S* 1UXÊ* 5%((%* )$056(#0"H&6==%9* '%* &%(&0,$6"(* '0,$%"(* 46"'* 9%'* 69>,-'* 4,* +,5n/* +,n%S
<&)'%"(%E*50--%*0"*9d6*$,E*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*96*>0#''0"*%'(*%"50&%
)$0?,)%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*0o*j*>0#&%*9%*$#"6#]&%*4%*9d%'=&#(*4%*$)&#()*k*[=S*1QT^*%'(
=&)50"#')*D*-l-%*'#*96*$)&#()*%'(*4,&%*f*6$69%&*[j*5d%'(*=6'*-6"]%6>9%*k*4#'6#(*B)9#"%Ê*#9*$6,(
9%*50,=*4%*j*>0#&%*96*(6''%*kS*a,6"(*f*e>0#&%*,"*=0(eE*#9*4%$#%"(*j*>0#&%*9%*=0(*4%*'5#%"5%*k*[=S
1L1^*?,#*'#]"#F#%*=%,(Hl(&%*j*'%*50"'65&%&*f*9d)(,4%*k*4%*-l-%*?,%*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*l(&%*6$#4%
4%*-0"(%&*46"'*96*'5#%"5%*k*[=S*1QWÊ*?,#*=0,&&6#(*$0,90#&*4#&%*j*l(&%*6''0#FF)*4,*$#"*4%*96
50""6#''6"5%*kS*<0,&*j*>0#&%*9%*>0,#990"*4%*'#9%"5%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1L1Ê*5%96*'#]"#F#%*'6"'*40,(%
-0,&#&*$0#&%E*6$%5*9d0"5%*4%*F6-#9#6&#()*?,d#9*"0,'*'%->9%*=%&5%$0#&*D*56''%&*'6*=#=%S*Bd%'(
?,%E*50--%*0"*9d6*4#(*6,*4)>,(*4%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%E*96*=)&#=3&6'%*'d6==9#?,%*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(
f*4%'*"0(#0"'*(&.'*])")&69%'*50--%*96*$#%E*96*-0&(*%(*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%S*<&%"0"'*?,%9?,%'
%g%-=9%'*%(*',]])&0"'*5%'**)?,#$69%"5%'E*>#%"*'z&*(&.'*',>C%5(#$%'*D
« Etre en viande » (D.V., p. 128) = vivre « Etre en pâte d’homme » (J.R., p. 47) =
être un être humain « Entrée en macabiat » (D.V., p. 25) = mort, dégradation ou
entropie « Nous allons à Glas » (V. Q., p. 50) = « le ver est l’avenir de l’homme »
« Etre empêché de faire ses actions » (D.V., p. 238) = ne pas vivre comme on
le voudrait « Trouver le souffle de se maintenir vivant » (D.V., p. 169) = trouver
la force de continuer à vivre « Chanter un air trop long » (D.V., p. 229) = vieillir
depuis trop longtemps et mettre du temps à mourir
Bd%'(*9%*50"(%g(%*'0,$%"(*(&.'*"0#&*?,#*"0,'*F6#(*=&0=0'%&*5%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*q*-6#'*=6&F0#'E*9%
'%"'*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*%'(*50,',*4%*F#9*>96"5*%(*#9*"d/*6*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%*=)&#=3&6'%'*D*?,6"4
0"*j*|'0&(}*6$%5*9%*=6"(690"*&0,]%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1W1Ê*5d%'(*?,d#9*%'(*(p53)*4%*'6"]*q*9f*%"50&%E
5d%'(*9%*50"(%g(%*?,#*"0,'*&%"'%#]"%*D
SERMON MUTIQUE. – Voyez garçons : cet homme finit avec la cervelle nettoyée
par une balle FACTEUR ACTION. – Par les Cinq Trous, retenez-vous ! Trois fois
déjà ce cadavre a été profané ! L’HOMME EN PANTALON MORT. – Ils sortent
avec le pantalon rouge […]
K"*6C0,(6"(*6,g*%g=&%''#0"'*=&)5)4%"(%'*j*7$0#&*'%'*F,".>&%'*k*[l(&%*%"*4%,#9E*6$0#&*4%'
#4)%'*'0->&%'*hÊ*j*8,&*(%&&%E*Cd6#*F6#(*96*$#%*k*[Cd6#*$)5,*h^*j**%(*j*B0"$%&(#&*=0,&*4%*>0"
?,%9?,d,"*%"*6-6"(*4,*")6"(*k*[(,%&*,"*#"4#$#4,*hÊ*"0(0"'*?,%*5%&(6#"%'*"0(#0"'*[50"(%",%'
@UQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
"0(6--%"(*46"'*j*>0,#990"*4%*'#9%"5%*kE*j*-656>#6(*kE*=9)&#56(E*j*P96'*kE*%(*j*6#&*(&0=*90"]*k^
'%->9%"(*&%9%$%&*4d,"%*5%&(6#"%*-0&>#4#()*',&*96?,%99%*#9*F6,4&6*&%$%"#&*q*=0,&*j*6==&%"(#&*f
=p(#&*kE*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-0#"'*,"%*-)(6=30&%*?,d,"%*-6"#.&%*6&>&,(#'6"(%*4%*4#&%*9%*4#FF#5#9%
6==&%"(#''6]%*4%*96*'0,FF&6"5%*D*5d%'(*5%96*?,#*=&)40-#"%E*96*'0,FF&6"5%E*96*-0&(E*9%*4%,#9E
96*F6(69#()S
VKUKUK&A/&*9*/(&$%-&d2'2%)&i
B%=%"46"(E*,"*',&'6,(*&%'(%&6*(0,C0,&'*=0''#>9%*D*0"*=0,&&6*6'',-%&*F#.&%-%"(*'6*50"4#(#0"
4%*$#6"4%*$#6"46"(%*$0,96"(**$#6"4%*?,%*$#6"4%**$#6"4%&*%"50&%*%(*(0,C0,&'*q*%(*5d%'(*>#%"
5%*?,%*8=#"0&#"6*'#*9d0"*$%,(*[5FS*8=#"0u6*…*M0$6&#"6^*H*'%->9%*"0,'*%"50,&6]%&*f*F6#&%*D
j*>&6"4#'*(0"*=0&5*m*k*"0,'*50"'%#99%H(H0"*-l-%*f*96*=6]%*1XU*4,*@).?&*(&*:.*;$&tS
B%&(6#"'* 530#'#&0"(* 4%* j* F6#&%* '%g%* k* %(* 4%* j* F0&-%&* 50,=9%* k* %(* -l-%* [=%(#(%
50"5%''#0"*6,g*j*805#6,g*k^*4d0FF#5#69#'%&*9%,&*,"#0"*%"*6996"(*'%*-6&#%&*f*j*+dK(6>9#''%-%"(
"0-#"69*k*[;SRSE*=S*XVÊ*'6"'*40,(%*96*I6#&#%S*7=&.'*?,0#E*=9%#"'*4d%'=0#&*46"'*j*9d6$6"#&*k*[?,#
"%*"0,'*9%*&%"4&6*=6'*F0&5)-%"(Ê*0"*'0,36#(%&6*4%'*j*(l(6&4'*k*[OS`SE*=S*WT^*%(*0"*>p(#&6*4%'
=96"'*',&*96*50-.(%*%"*'d%g596-6"(*F)>&#9%-%"(*j*B36&=%"(09)0"'*46"'*9%'*5#%,g*k*[OS`SE
=S*1UT^S*I6#'*5%96*=0,&&6*'%*&%"$%&'%&*%"50&%*%(*5d%'(*690&'*?,d0"*j*|?,#((%&6}*9%'*=6"(690"'
4d%'=)&6"5%*k*=0,&*j*|%"(&%&}*$#$6"('*46"'*9%'*=%6,g*f*'0,FF&6"5%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1T1^*c*>&%FE*0"
655%=(%&6*4%*$#%#99#&*%(*4%*'0,FF&#&*=0,&*F#"69%-%"(*j*699%&*f*P96'*k*50--%*5d)(6#(*=&)$,S
+d6"#-69* =0,&&6* 6,''#* 'd%"* -l9%&* %"* "0,'* -0"(&6"(* =6&F0#'* [$0#&%* %"* &6-%"6"(^* '0"
-,'%6,*50--%*j*G%6"*4%'*-,'%6,g*kS*<0,&(6"(E*5%*=%&'0""6]%*C0,6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*',&*4%,g
(6>9%6,g* [5FS* G%6"\P%"'* %(* G%6"\I,'%6,^* "d%'(* =6'* '%,9%-%"(* ,"%* '0&(%* 4d3/>&#4%* "#* ,"
6$6(6&*f*-,'%6,*4%*P&)]0#&%*86-'6*"#*,"*"0,$%6,*-0"'(&%*4,*405(%,&*I0&%6,*D*5%*"040,>9%*%'(*6,''#*,"*-0/%"*'#"],9#%&*4%*=6&9%&*4%'\6,g*6"#-6,gE*4%*'d64&%''%&*6,g*j*]%"'
4%'* -,'%6,g* k* %(* 4d)$0?,%&* 9d6"#-69#()* %"* ])")&69* [9%* -,'%6,* "d)(6"(* =6'* 9%* '%,9* '#]"%
4#'(#"5(#F* 4%* 96* ]%"(* 6"#-69%^* %(* -l-%* 5%99%* (0,C0,&'* =9,'* 0,* -0#'* #"3)&%"(%* f* 9d30--%E
5%(*j*7"#-69*4,*(%-='*k*[6,(&%*=%&#=3&6'%*&%$%"6"(*'0,$%"(^*D*'#*746-E*G%6"E*N6/-0"4
%(*9%'*6,(&%'E*&%]&%((6"(*>%5'E*]&#FF%'E*=6((%'E*50&"%'*%(*-,'%6,gE*'d64&%''%"(*6$%5*%"$#%
6,*j*<%,=9%*C,53)*kE*(0,'*j*]%"'*>6'*4d0&%#99%'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@LA^*%(*6,(&%'*j*50,$%&('*4%
=9,-%'* k* [8SE* =S* UQÊ* 5d%'(* ?,%* 9d30--%* '0,FF&%* 4d36>#(%&* 9%* (%-='* D* #9* $0,4&6#(* F,#&* 5%((%
4%-%,&%*(&6]#?,%S*R9*$0,4&6#(*'%*4)'36>#99%&*4,*(%-='*D*5d%'(*,"*50'(,-%*(&0=*90,&4*f*=0&(%&S
Od6,(&%'E*=9,'*=0'#(#F'E*=9,'*'=#"0u#'(%'E*"%*F0"(*=6'*-l-%*530#g*D*9%*(%-='*&%'(%*,"
=&0>9.-%*-6#'*5%96*'%*536"(%*%(*5d%'(*,"*&)50"F0&(*[;SRSE*==S*@@AH@@@^*D*j*Gd%-=#&%*f*536?,%
'%50"4%*\*GdF6#'*50--%*(0,(*9%*-0"4%*kS*R9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d#5#E*j*6$6"5%&*%"*53#FF&%'*kE*5%
'0#(*6$6"5%&*%"*p]%*D*j*Gd%"(6''%*-6*=&0'%*53#FF&)%*kS*+%'*0>C%('*"%*'0"(*=6'*-#%,g*90(#'*D
j*Gd653.(%*,"%* 530'%E*%99%* F96"53%*kS*<0,&(6"(E* 0"* %'(* F0&(E* 0"* 'd655&053%* D* j* Gd$%,g* =6'
5%''%&*k*[5%''%&*F6#'6"(*46"'*5%*50"(%g(%*=%"'%&*f*56''%&^S*B%&(6#"'E*50--%*4%'*'=0&(#F'
'd6,(0H',==0&(6"(E*$0"(*-l-%*C,'?,df*'d%"50,&6]%&*f*$#%#99#&*D*j*7990"'*O0-#"#?,%*|t}*m*kE
j*J6&4#*M#5096'*m*kE*j*K"*6$6"(*9%'*O#4#%&*m*k
VKUKVK&,%-&"<%52-%-&'%&:*--2#/
7*96*=6]%*VT*4%*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&E*9d6&(*=#5(,&69*%'(*6''#-#9)*f*9d65(%*4%*j*F&6==%&*',&*9%
-,&*=0,&*%"(%"4&%*kE*5%*?,#*'%->9%*'0,'H%"(%"4&%*,"%*5%&(6#"%*$#09%"5%*6,*"#$%6,*4%'
(%53"#?,%'* =#5(,&69%'* ,(#9#')%'* =6&* 9d6&(#'(%S* +%* (3)p(&%E* 9,#E* '%* 4#&6* j* Fl(%* 4d65(#0"* %(* 4%
&%=&)'%"(6(#0"*k*[%(*96*()9)$#'#0"*D*j*I653#"%*f*4#&%*`0#5#*k^S*K(*"0(0"'*=l9%H-l9%*4d6,(&%'
=)&#=3&6'%'*D
@UW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
« vocabulon canin » (D.V., p. 150) = manière dont s’expriment les chiens (regards,
aboiements, mouvements, comportement). « une grosse pipelarde de conduite
pétroline (D.V., p. 227) = pipe-line. « A la tombée nocturne (D.V., p. 150) = la nuit
tombée. « voler à la nage au secours d’Alexis » (D.V., p. 163) = nager tellement
vite qu’on semble voler ou être en nage parce qu’ on vole au secours d’Alexis.
« jeune chapiteau qui avait tout vu » (D.V., p. 243) = un jeune chien fou qui
n’avait rien sous le chapeau(/chapiteau) mais qui croyait avoir tout vu. « [aller]
en cerveau » (J.R., p. 32) = se retirer en soi-même ou se téléporter par l’esprit.
<0,&*9%'*j*$#6"4%'*?,#*,&]%"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*11W^*%(*9%*j*-6(&#5,9%*>90"4*k*[OS`SE*=S*11WÊ*0"
6>4#?,%*q*%(*=,#'*$0,90#&*(0,C0,&'*(0,(*#"(%&=&)(%&*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*96*530'%*f*F6#&%E*'6,F*'#
5%96*&%9.$%*4d,"*C%,*c*0&E*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*"0,'*=&05)40"'*[-6#'*=6&F0#'E*6$0,0"'H9%E*9%*C%,*%'(
$&6#-%"(*(&0=*50-=9#?,)^S*M0"0>'(6"(E*9%'*-0('*,(#9#')'*"%*'0"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*50-=9#?,)'*D
5%*?,#*50-=9#?,%*(0,(E*5d%'(*96*-6"#.&%*4%*9%'*6''05#%&*50--%*46"'*,"%*j*=9,#%*4%*530'%'
=)"#(%"(#6#&%'*k*[OS`SE*=S*@UL^*D*'%&6#(H5%*f*4#&%*?,d#9*=9%,(*4%'*>6&&%6,g*4%*=&#'0"*h*B%96
"0,'*536"]%&6#(*4%'*3699%>6&4%'*%(*6,(&%'*$653%'*?,#*=#''%"(t*R9*/*6*6,''#*96*-)(6=30&%
&6>%96#'#%""%*[$8*OS`S^*4%*9d)9)=36"(*46"'*,"*-6]6'#"*?,#*$%,(*j*(0,(*&%"$%&'%&*%"*=)(6"(
46"'* 9%'* =0&5%96#"%'* kS* O)5&)(0"'* %"F#"E* 5%96* (0,(* f* F6#(* 6&>#(&6#&%-%"(E* ?,%* j* -l-%['^
-l-%&#%['^*k*[;SRSE*=S*VTE*=S*@AW*%(*=S*@QW^*%'(*,"%*=)&#=3&6'%*=0,&*(6,(090]#%E*j*46"'%*'6"'
46"'%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AQ^*4)'#]"6"(*96*=%"')%S
R5#E*,"*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&*%'(*%"50&%*f*"0(%&*D*5%9,#*4d,"%*=3&6'%*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%*-6#'
40"(*9%*'%"'*"0,'*%'(*%g=9#?,)*C,'(%*6=&.'*D*5d%'(*j*53%u*8"%5=#F*|t}*C%*]6]"6*(0,(*C,'(%
-)50>H(%&u#H90,F#E* %"* 6p6&]%"(* (&.'* Š0,6H0,6d* k* [GS8SE* =S* @AL^* ?,#* '#]"#F#%* j* ]6]"%&* 5%"(
F&6"5'*=0,&*-0#*53%u*96*F#&-%*R5#H>6'*kE*(&64,5(#0"*'#-,9(6")%*%(*#"4#?,)%*',&*96*-l-%*=6]%S
<0,&*96*=3&6'%*%(*9d%g=&%''#0"*?,#*',#$%"(E*"0'*j*4)F#"#(#0"'*k*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"50&%*=9,'
36'6&4%,'%'*?,%*9%'*=&)5)4%"(%'*D
« Ils quittent leur chemises de passion et mettent les pantalons à action » (O.R.,
p. 173) = ils quittent leur souffrance (voire leur deuil) pour aller vers la vie, l’action
« mâcherie jambique » (J.R., p. 12) = se livrer au pêché de cannibalisme en
mâchant une jambe.
<6&*=6&%"(3.'%E*&6==%90"'*?,%*"0(&%*(&6$6#9*'%*$0,4&6#(*',&(0,(*4)>,(*4%*4)>6(*D*#5#E*&#%"
4%*4)F#"#(#FE*"0'*=&0=0'#(#0"'*)(6"(**(0,(%'*(&.'*4#'5,(6>9%'S*B%96*4#(E*0"*%"*50"$#%"4&6E*9%'
F0&-,9%'*)(,4#)%'*0"(*>#%"*,"*=%,*9d6#&*4dl(&%*4%'*=)&#=3&6'%'*c*=0,&(6"(E*#5#*%"50&%E*%'(H5%*'#
'z&*h*<3#9#==%*8099%&'*'%->9%*9d6$0#&*'0,'H%"(%"4,*46"'*'6*-)IE.*&*%"*)$0?,6"(*96*?,%'(#0"
'=6(#69%*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*["0,'*F6#'0"'*699,'#0"*f*9d)4#(#0"*4%*9dr,$&%*=,>9#)%*%"*<0)'#%\
P699#-6&4^*D*0o*'%*C0,%H(H#9E*5%*O&6-%*h*B0--%"(*l(&%*'z&*4%*?,0#*?,%*5%*'0#(*h
2&.'*90]#?,%-%"(E*4%'*F#],&%'*4%*'(/9%*50--%*9d%,=3)-#'-%E*96*-)(0"/-#%*%(*9d#&0"#%
4%*F6b0"*])")&69%*"%*F#],&%"(*=&6(#?,%-%"(*=6'*46"'*"0(&%*)(,4%*&3)(0&#?,%*%(*5%96*"0,'
=6&6w(*(&.'*&)$)96(%,&*c*5d%'(*?,d%99%'*#-=9#?,%"(*,"*'0,'*(%g(%*6,?,%9*"0,'*"d6$0"'*=6'*655.'
%(*40"(*"%*'6$0"'*-l-%*=6'*'d#9*%g#'(%*q*56&*%"F#"E*?,%9*%'(*9%*'%"'*5653)*4%*5%&(6#"%'
%g=&%''#0"'*h*80#(*M0$6&#"6*e5&653%&6*9%*-0&5%6,e*[50--%*0"*4#(*%"*6&]0(^*'0#(*#9*"%*4#&6*&#%"
%(*5%*'%&6*4,*=6#"*=0,&*,"*'#.59%*%"(#%&*4%*(3.'%'*4%*405(0&6(E*=0,&&6#(H0"*4#&%*%"*=6&04#6"(
B)9#"%S*<9,'*')&#%,'%-%"(E*"0,'*6$0"'*96*50"$#5(#0"*?,%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*%'(*,"*(&6$%&')
50-=9%(*%(*?,d#9*4#(*$&6#*?,6"4*#9*=&)(%"4*"%*=6'*50-=&%"4&%*5%*?,d#9*)5&#(*D*=6'*4d#"(%"(#0"'
53%u*9,#*q*%(*5d%'(*(&.'*>#%"*6#"'#S
O%*F6b0"*-69]&)*(0,(*=9,'*596#&%E*#9*%'(*F6#(E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*4%*"0->&%,'%'*699,'#0"'*f
96*:#>9%*f*(&6$%&'*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*=)&#=3&6'%'*c*6#"'#E*9%*Z#9'*4%*9dJ0--%*'%->9%*4)F#"#*4%
96*'0&(%*D*j*B%9,#*?,#*6*','=%"4,*9%'*6#&'*',&*96*(%&&%*%(*9%'*%6,gE*\*<%"4*6,*]#>%(S*\*B%9,#*?,#
@UX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
F#g6*9%'*)(0#9%'*6,*5#%9*D*9%*$0#9f*F#g%*m*k*[;SNSE*=S*@WL^S*O6"'*5%(*%g%-=9%E*0"*'%->9%*=%&5%$0#&
96*4,69#()*%"(&%*9%*4#$#"*[5FS*j*6#&'*kE*j*(%&&%*kE*j*%6,g*kE*j*)(0#9%'*k^*%(*9d3,-6#"*[j*=%"4*kE
j*]#>%(*kE*j*9%*$0#9f*F#g%*m*kÊ*5%*?,#E*-69]&)*,"*5s()*#50"0596'(%*%(*,"%*4)&#'#0"*(0,(%*&%96(#$%E
&%'=%5(%*%"*=6&(#%*9d%'=&#(*4%'*K$6"]#9%'S*B%((%*4,69#()*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*5%((%*?,%'(#0"*4,
F.)($8*(&*)&*988.$//.8*&*D*j*B%9,#*?,#*"0,'*-6"]%*f*]&6"4%*$#(%''%E*0,#*0,*"0"E*%'(H5%
9%*-l-%*?,%*5%9,#*?,#*'6#]"%*%(*?,#*=6&40""%*kh*[=S*XT^S*7#99%,&'E*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'[=S
@1LÊ*9%*B3&#'(*'%&6*=&)'%"()*50--%*j*B,#*?,#*-#(*9d536=%6,*4d)=#"%'*k*q*%"F#"*46"'*@&;.87
:.'%.)9:&*[=S*@ATÊ*#9*'%*=%,(*?,%*9%'*j*-6"]%,&'*4%*9d6]"%6,*k*'0#%"(*9%'*6=s(&%'*$0#&%*9%'
30--%'*%"*])")&69S
VKVK&?/%&4*a#/&B*)#31%&'%&:*)$%)&'P*5#1)
VKVKOK&D<.&4#12$$%-&i&D<&')#5*'E%-&i
O.'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*9d6-0,&*%'(*=&)'%"(*D*j*73E*F0,#99%'*m*73E*4&0-64)%'*m*k*[=S*WQT^
=0,&&6#(*'d6==9#?,%&*6,g*50,&>%'*4%*9d6#-)%*%(*f*9d%g=90&6(#0"*4%*'0"*50&='*q*-6#'*9%*50"(%g(%
4d6==6&#(#0"* 4,* (%&-%* [?,#* &#-%* 6$%5* j* * 73E* C6&40""%(* 4,* '64#"%(* k^* ',]].&%* ?,%* 5d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%* =9,(s(* '0"* =&0=&%* 50&='* ?,d#9* 'd6]#(* 4d%g=90&%&* D* j* `%,g* F6#&%* (0,(* 9%* (0,&* '%,9%
4d6"6(0-#0"S*k*c*4%*F6#(E*N,#''%((%*[=0''#>9%*F)-#"#"*4%*N,#''%6,^*$%,(*&%'(%&*'%,9%*D*j*`%,g
=9,'*?,d0"*-d%->l(%*|t}*k*'d%g596-%H(H%99%t
O6"'* j* O6-%* 4%* -%'* (&6"'=0&('E* C%* ',#'* f* 96* =0&(%E* 0,$&%uH-0#* 9d)5&#"* kE* [7S`SE* =S
@QWÊ* 96* -)(6=30&%* '%g,%99%* '%&6* %"50&%* =9,'* )$#4%"(%S* <0,&* j* G%6"* O6=90->E* C%* $%,g
F0&-%&*50,=9%*6$%5*$0,'*k*[+SISE*=S*WXTÊ*9d%g=&%''#0"*6""0"5%*,"*=%,*j*F6#&%*'%g%*k*%(\0,
j*F6#&%*'%g,69#()*kE*?,#*'%&0"(*,(#9#')%'*=9,'*(6&4S*O%*F6#(E*96*'%g,69#()*%(*9%*&6==0&(*30--%\
F%--%*'%&0"(*6,''#*6>0&4)'*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*=9,'*&)5%"(%'E*%(*"0(6--%"(*4&'F.)($8'(&
)&*988.$//.8*&*6$%5*4%'*=3&6'%'*0o*9%*4)'#&*'d%g=&#-%*4%*F6b0"*)(&6"]%E*536&-6"(%E*=09#%
-6#'* ")6"-0#"'* #-=)&#%,'%* 50--%* j* G%* 4)'#&%&6#'* -d,"#&* f* $0,'* =6&* ,"#0"'* 4%'* (&0,'
%"*6>0,536"(*"0'*0&#F#5%'S*k*[=S*@UÊ*j*`0,9%uH$0,'*-%*40""%&*$0(&%*50&='*f*-)96"]%&*6,
-#%"*h*k*[=S*@L^*0,*9%*(&.'*(%53"#?,%*j*!"%*=6&(#%*4%*-0"*50&='*'d)50,9%&6#(*f*9d#"()&#%,&*4,
$s(&%*%(E*'d,"#F#6"(*f*9,#E*"0,'*40""%&#0"'*"6#''6"5%*f*,"*%"F6"(*59#"#?,%*%(*53#-)&#?,%*k*[=S
@LÊ* %g=9#56(#0"* (&.'* (%&&%* f* (%&&%* 46"'* 96?,%99%* 9%* =&#"5#=%* 4%* 9d6-0,&* '%* $0#(* &6==&053)
4%*5%9,#*4%'*$6'%'*50--,"#56"('S*K"F#"E*50"')?,%"5%*90]#?,%*4%*(0,(*5%'*6>0,53%-%"('
4d0&#F#5%'*D*j*R9*%'(*'0&(#*=6&*"0(&%*>0,53%*4d6-0,&*,"*%"F6"(*0&#F#5#%9*4,*(&0,*,"*k*[GSNSE*=S*X@^S
VKVKRK&e12--#/&'P*'N%"(24-&%(&Z*#/&'%&B2"<2(1'%
B%&(6#"'*)90]%'*%(*6,(&%'*-0('*4d6-0,&*%(*=6&09%'*4d64-#&6(#0"*'0,$%"(*>6&0?,%'*%(*=6&F0#'
LQ
',&&)69#'(%'*[;SNSE*=S*XX^*"0,'*&6==%99%&0"'*5%&(6#"%*9%((&%*4%*864%*f*'6*F%--% *5%*4%&"#%&
96* ?,69#F#6"(* (0,&* f* (0,&* 4%* j* B36&-6"(%* 5&)6(,&%* k* 4%* j* G0,#''6"5%* 4%* I630-%(* kE* 4%
LW
j* 20,&(%&%99%* 53)&#%* kE* 4%* j* B36((%* 5)9%'(%* kE* 4%* j* <0&5* F&6#'* 4%* -%'* =%"')%'* k * [0"
$%&&6*?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*4)'#&*%(*F6#-*'0"(*)]69%-%"(*6''05#)'Ê*4dk*K(0#9%*4%*`)",'*kE
4dk* 7-%* 4%* -0"* p-%* kE* 4%* j* I#&0#&* 4%* -%'* "%&F'* kE* 4dk* 7#],#990"* 4%* -%'* "%&F'* kE* 4%
j* O#gH'%=(#.-%* =96".(%* 4%* 9d%'=65%* kE* 4%* j* a,#"(%''%"5%* 4%* 96* $#&]#"#()* kE* 4%* j* I#&659%
4%* 96* "6(,&%* kE* 4%* j* B090->%* 4%* `)",'* kE* 4%* j* N0'%* )536==)%* 4,* '%#"* 4%'* P&p5%'* kE
4%* j* Z6$0&#(%* 4%* I#"%&$%* kE* 4dk* 7->&0#'#%* 4%* 9d;9/-=%* kE* 4%* j* B36&-%* 4%* -%'* /%,g* k
%(* 4%* j* Z96->%6,* 4%* -6* $#%* kt* 7,(6"(* 4%* 50-=9#-%"('* '%* &%(&0,$6"(* ,"* =%,* 53%u
M0$6&#"6*90&'?,d#9*)5&#(*[$8*;SNSE*=S*XX^*D*j*N)'%&$0#&*4%*(0,(%'*9%'*]&p5%'E*N%'(6"(*4,*-6(#"
LQ
LW
**864%E*j*+%((&%iRi*kE*4&77)&/E*@A\@LE*@VUAS
**M0(%*4%*864%*D*j*Bd%'(*?,%*Cd6#-%*>%6,50,=*9%*50530"*%(*?,%*Cd%"*-6"]%*F0&(*=%,*#5#*kS
@UT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=&)'%"(*46"'*96*",#(E*7,>%*$%'=)&69%E*`09,>#9#'H4%H96H'6#'0"*4%'*-0#(%,&'*6,H=6''6]%H4%H
96H50-.(%H"0-64%H(&6b6"(* 9d0->&%* >)6"(%* 6,* >0,(* 4%* 9d6>w-%* F,9],&6"(* 4,* u#]u6]* ',&* 96
$0z(%E*:,#''0"*4d64C%5(#F'E*<0)'#%*=0'(H=&6"4#69%E*I0"*'#9%"5%*%"53%$l(&)E*I,&-,&%*4%'
50-.(%'*)53%$%9)%'E*<9)"#(,4%*4,*$#4%*4%$6"(*9%*&#%"E*;,(&%*4%*(0,(%*9%'*$%&(,'E*Z0"(6#"%
4%*'6*=&0=&%*'0,&5%E*809%#9*4%*96*9,"%E*N%'(6"(*4%*96*",#(*>,%*9%*-6(#"E*<p9%,&*4,*F%,*kS
7*96*=6]%*@Q1*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*9%'*50-=9#-%"('*'0"(*%"50&%*=9,'*"0->&%,g*D
j* N%#"%* 4%* (0,(%'* 9%'* F%--%'* kE* j* :%&].&%* #"(&6H-,&0'* kE* j* +,-#.&%* #"* 05(6$0* kE
j*<&09#F)&6(#0"*(3),&]#?,%*kE*j*`#'6]%*4%*$#'6]%'*kE*j*8#4)&6(#0"*50"'#'(6"(%*kE*j*!&]%"5%
=&%-#.&%*kE*j*I0"64%*56"0"#?,%*kE*j*8=3.&%*=6&(3)"0=)%""%*kE*j*+%"(%,&*f*(0,(%*699,&%*kE
j* Z,9],&6"5%* (0"#?,%* kE* j* B96#&0"* &)$09,(#0""6#&%* kE* -l-%* '#* 5%&(6#"'* "d0"(* =6'* 9d6#&* '#
F96((%,&'*?,%*5%96*q*?,%*=%"'%&*=6&*%g%-=9%*4%*j*<0,''#.&%*4%*>6'*%"*36,(*k*h*K(*?,%*4#&%
4,*j*`6'%*4%*$%&(,*k*h*8%&6#(H5%*,"*=0(*4%*536->&%*h*<0,&*96*j*`6'(#(,4%*6,(0&)],9)%*kE*0"
=0,&&6#(*-69*9d#"(%&=&)(%&*q*$(&?*=0,&*j*B96#&0"*&)$09,(#0""6#&%*k*%(*j*7$696"53%*=96,'#>9%*kS
a,6"(*6,*5)9.>&%*%(*96"]0,&%,g*j*I6*>#53%*mk*[5FS*+0,#'*4%*Z,".'Ê*#9*'%*-)(6-0&=30'%*#5#
%"*j*Z60"*4%*>#53#(,4%*k*[=S*@Q1^S
VKVKUK&Z%1&:*)(#1(&i
O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*9%'*j*(&0,'*4%'*0&%#99%'*k*'0"(*4d,"*)&0(#'-%*(0&&#4%*D*0"*=6''%&6#(
'0"*(%-='*f*&%]6&4%&*4%46"'*[=S*@1@^S*<0,&*=&0,$%&*'0"*6-0,&*[$8*;SRSE*=S*@@LÊ*0"*=0,&&6
F6#&%* 9%* 40"* 4%* '0"* %'(0-65* f* '0"* j* 6#-)%* k* =0,&* j* (%* 9%* -)96"]%&* >#%"(s(* 6$%5* (0"
=6"5&)6'*k*['#5^*D*#5#E*9%*F6"(6'-%*4d*k*%"(&%&*46"'*6,(&,#*k*$6*'#*90#"*?,%*9d0"*"%*=%,(*?,%*&#&%S
;"*6,&6*6,''#*f*96*=6]%*@V*,"%*4)596&6(#0"*4d6-0,&*])0-)(&#?,%*D*j*I0"*5,>%*%'(*6((#&)
=&0F0"4)-%"(*=6&*$0(d*'=3)&#5#()*kS
7,g*=6]%'*@QXH@QTH@QUH@QL*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*=#.5%*4)5#4)-%"(*(&.'*50?,#"%E
0"*6*-l-%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*-0"()%*0&]6'-#?,%*56&*?,0#?,%*&%96(#$%-%"(*4)50,','E*9%'*-0('
4%*96*O6-%*6,(05)=369%*'%->9%"(*(0,'*699%&*46"'*9%*-l-%*'%"'*D*j*-6*536"4%99%E*50--%
(d%'* >%99%* m* F%,* =6&(0,H0,H0,H0,(* m* |t}* F96--%* %"* 36,(* m* ]&#-=%* 6,* 5#%9* m* $6* =9,'* 36,(* m
3#''%*F96->%6,*m*k*[=S*@QX^*-6#'E*f*96*=6]%*@QTE*0"*&)69#'%*?,d#9*'d6]#(*',&(0,(*4d,"%*%g(6'%
-/'(#?,%*[96*O6-%*6,(05)=369%*"d)(6"(*?,%*9%*&)5%=(659%\(&,53%-%"(*4d,"*6-0,&*4#$#"*?,#
96*4)=6''%*%(*96*',>-%&]%^*D*j*F%,*=6&(0,(*m*Cd(%*&)596-%*m*(,*-d%"F96--%'*m*+%'*=0&(%'*9%'
=0&(%'*m*8,u6""%*m*830'36"%*m*k*[=S*@QTÊ*9%'*=0&(%'*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*5%99%'*4,*=6&64#'S*7
96*=6]%*@QLE*5d%'(*9d6=0(3)0'%*56&*96*j*&0'%*-/'(#?,%*k*'%*4)=90#%*%(*'d)=6"0,#(*'0,'*"0'
/%,g*[96*(&6"'%*&%'(6"(*=0,&(6"(*50-#?,%*C,'?,d6,*>0,(^*D
[…] ciel ! ouv’ ta rose ! avalanche ! la neige vole ! en cadence ! dénouement !
tourbillons ! feu partout ! en partance ! sang d’agnelle ! respiral ! voix lactée !
tohu-bohuuuuuva-bohohohuhohouu hoû-oû-ou !
M0(0"'*?,%*9d%g=&%''#0"*6->#],‡*j*Z%,*=6&(0,(*m*k*%'(*6,''#*,"*:&$7?97$;*53%u*;FF%">653E
46"'*4.';$&'%.)$/$&88&*q*'d6]#&6#(H#9*4d,"*59#"*4dr#9*h*K"*(0,(*56'*[5FS*4)>,(*4%*4.'K*G8&E
6$%5*9%'*30--%'*%"*j*56#''%'*6,(0-0>#9%'*k^*#9*%'(*#-=0&(6"(*4%*j*>#%"*|F6#&%}*'%g,69#()*5%
-6(#"*k*['#5^**56&*#5#*5d%'(*50--%*4%-6"4%&*=09#-%"(*j*50--%"(*699%uH$0,'*h*k*f*'0"*$0#'#"
4%*=69#%&S*<0,&(6"(E*(0,(*&%(0->%*(&.'*$#(%E*9%*F%,*4%*96*=6''#0"*"d)(6"(*=6'*)(%&"%9*q*j*&#%"*?,#
'd)(%#]"%*50--%*,"*F%,*'65&)*k*[($A$7*B)9#"%^S*a,6"(*6,*4%'(#"*4%*9d30--%E*#9*'%*&)',-%*f*,"
=6&50,&'*6-0,&%,gE*&6=#4%-%"(*>&0'')*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*@@A^*D*j*<0#"(*4%*$#%*3,-6#"%*%'(
%"*"0,'*%(*5%=%"46"(*"0,'*"0,'*6#-0"'*%(*6"#-0"'E*"0,'*6990"'*9d,"*$%&'*9d6,(&%E*"0,'*"0,'
')=6&0"'*%(*"0,'*'0--%'*4%'*30--%'*f*C%(%&*=6&*96*F%"l(&%kE*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*l(&%*f*C%(%&
=6&*96*F%"l(&%*k*&6==%96"(*96*9#'(%*4)=&%''#$%*4%*5%((%*-l-%*=#.5%*%(*j*F%"l(&%*k*)?,#$696"(
'6"'*40,(%*#5#*f*=0,>%99%*q*0,*=%,*'d%"*F6,(S*7,(&%*-0469#()*4d6&&l(*>&,(69*D*9d#"(%&$%"(#0"*46"'
@UU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [=S* @Q@^* 4d,"* =&0=3.(%* 6-0''#%"E* 40,>9%* %(* 56'(&6(%,&E* 5%5#* 6=&.'
9d0&]#6?,%*%g=0')*4%'*4)'#&'*9%'*=9,'*F0,'*[5FS*9#'(%*4%'*j*B%*?,%*C%*$%,gE*5d%'(*|t}k^*D
[…] descendez descendez lamentables victimes, descendez le chemin de l’enfer
éternel, plongez au plus profond du gouffre où tous les crimes, flagellés par
un vent qui ne vient pas du ciel, bouillonnent pêle-mêle avec un bruit d’orage ;
ombres folles courez au but de vos désirs jamais vous ne pourrez assouvir votre
rage et votre châtiment naîtra de vos plaisirs.
VKcK&?/%&5*/27)%&B2b*))%&'PE9#31%)&$%&"#):VKcKOK&]%"(%.&:<*$$%.&:#15%&%(&"%)9%
B%&(6#"%'* =6&(#%'* 4,* 50&='* 3,-6#"* '%&0"(* %"50&%* )$0?,)'* =6&* =)&#=3&6'%E* 9%'* j0,(&%'
=9%#"%'*4%*96#(*k*'%->96"(*4)'#]"%&*9%'*'%#"'*4%*96*F%--%*%(*9%*j*-%->&%*-69#"*k*[`SaSE
=S*QXÊ*4#(*6#99%,&'*j*&)596-%,&*kE*9%*'%g%*-6'5,9#"S*+6*=0)'#%*"d%'(*=6'*6>'%"(%*46"'*96
-6"#.&%*40"(*9d6,(%,&*=6&9%*4%*96*j*>0,53%*4d6-0,&*k*[9%*'%g%*F)-#"#"*hÊ*4%'*j*=6$#990"'
F96"?,)'*k*[9%'*0&%#99%'*hÊ*4,*j*(&0,*=36]#?,%*k*[96*>0,53%*h^*%(*4%'*40#]('*?,#*'0"(*j*$#"](
=6&*=%&'0""%'*=0,&*9d0&],%*f*50,65*k*f*96*=6]%*T@*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&S
O6"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* 0"* (0,&"6#(* 4)Cf* 6,(0,&* 4,* 50&='* %"* "0--6"(
&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(* '%'* =6&(#%'E* f* 50--%"5%&* =6&* 9%'* F%''%'* D* 0"* 'd)(0""%* %"* %FF%(* 4%* 96
j*|=6''#0"}*?,d6*9d5,9*4%*'%*4#$#'%&*k*[=S*QX1^S*7*9d0&#]#"%*4%*5%((%*4#$#'#0"*4,*=0'()&#%,&*E*#9*/*6
,"*j*Fz(*f*4#$#'%&*k*[=S*QX1Ê*f*-0#"'*?,%*j*Fz(*k*"%*&%-=965%*j*5,9*kS*R5#E*&#%"*4%*50-#?,%*56&
j*6$0#&*9d5,9*k*[=S*QX1Ê*5d%'(*6$0#&*,"%*-6964#%E*,"%*-6964#%*?,#*0>9#]%*f*j*=0&(%&*=6"(69*k*c
6=&.'E* 5d%'(* 9d%'56964%* %(* 0"* "%* '6#(* =6'* 0o* (0,(* 5%96* $6* "0,'* -%"%&* D* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'
"d6&&l(%"(*=6'*4%*9%*4)=90&%&S
a,6"(*f*j*9d6""%6,*(0->69*k*[+SISE*=S*QUU^*?,#*"0,'*6#4%*f*j*40""%&*')=,9(,&%*k*6,g
69#-%"('E*5d%'(*,"%*'0&(%*4%*50"(&%H>0,53%*q*%(*=0,&(6"(E*#9*F6,(*9%*'6$0#&*D*j*+6*>0,53%*4%'
F%''%'*6*%g#'()*m*k*[+SISE*=S*QX@^S*Bd)(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*(%-='*=9,'*3%,&%,gE*,"%*)=0?,%*0o
96*(l(%*)(6#(*-0#"'*j*',C%((%*f*#4)%'*k*c*5d%'(*?,d#9*/*6*3)96'*,"%*$)&#(6>9%*j*I6964#%*4%*96
=%"')%*k*[+SISE*=S*QWA^*?,#*6*(%"46"5%*f*')$#&*c*#5#E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d0"*=&)F.&%*j*=6"'%&*kE
46"'%&*0,*-l-%*j*4%"'%&*kS*7*96*=6]%*QT1*["0,'*'0--%'*(0,C0,&'*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/Ê
j*9d3#'(0#&%*4%'*F%''%'*k*50"(#",%*D*5%*j*5,9*C64#'*)(6#(*,"*5,9E*40""6#(*96*$#%S*G0,&4d3,#E*'#-=9%
%->0,53,&%*6,*$#%,g*=%5(,-E*>0,53%*f*96*-0&(E*#9*53#%*9d%"",#*k*c*5%*"d%'(*=9,'*9d0&]6"%
$#$6"(*[96*?,%,%*4%'*0#'%6,g*h^*?,#*j*F6#(*536"(%&*k*D*6,*5,9*%(*=0,&*=6&04#%&*N,(%>%,FE*>#'%
%(*=6&09%*"%*$%"(%"(*=9,'*D*9%'*-0('*0"(*&%-=965)*9%*536"(S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@UQÊ*0"*&%=6&9%*4,*j*(&0,*F,"%'(%*k*6,''#*"0--)*j*>0,53%
%g5&)-%"(#%99%*k*%(*0"*9d0==0'%*6,*j*(&0,*4%*$#%*?,#*'d64&%''%*f*"0,'*%(*?,#*"0,'*F6#(*'6$0#&
9%* F#"* F0"4* 4%* |96}* =%"')%* kE* '6"'* 40,(%* 96* j* >0,53%* 4,* 36,(* kE* 9%* "0->&#9* 0,* 9%* $6]#"* q
-6#'*6=&.'*(0,(E*9%'*"6&#"%'E*9%'*/%,gE*9%'*0&%#99%'*%(*(0,'*9%'*=0&%'*4%*96*=%6,*'0"(E*46"'
5%((%*0=(#?,%E*)]69%-%"(*(&.'*%g=&%''#F'S*7,(&%*0==0'#(#0"*[=S*@QU^*D*j*"6w(&%*4%*-6*-.&%*=6&
4%$6"(*k*\*j*l(&%*,"*4)53%(*?,#*'d%"*$6*=6&*'0"*4%&&#.&%*kS*7*96*=6]%*@AT*=0,&(6"(E*9d6",'*[%(
'0"*j*,"#5#()*k^*%'(*=&)'%"()*=9,'*=0'#(#$%-%"(*50--%*,"*>0,59#%&*50"(&%*9d0,>9#E*,"*6"]%
]6&4#%"E*,"*4#%,*=&0(%5(%,&*?,#*j*|6}*&6#'0"*4%*F%&-%&*(0,C0,&'*9dr#9*',&*"0,'*k*D*0"*9%*$0#(*D
(0,(*=%,(*(0,C0,&'*'%*&%"$%&'%&*D*5&#(#?,)*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*$0#5#*?,%*9d6",'*'%*$0#(
90,)*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#S
<0,&* 9%* j* '69#>&6(* 4%'* 4%"('* k* [+SISE* =S* X@AÊ* #9* 4)'#]"%* '6"'* 40,(%* 9%* (&6$6#9* 4%* 96
-6'(#56(#0"S*R9*/*6*6,''#*4%'*56'*50-#?,%'*4d6=050=%'*50--%*46"'*j*&%5(%*kE*j*=3699%*kE
j*=0,-%*k*%(*j*5%&$%*kE*4)>,(*4%*9#'(%*&%''%->96"(*f*5%99%*4%'*-0#'*4d,"*569%"4&#%&*C6&&/?,%*q
@UL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
6#99%,&'E*0"*6,&6*j*=6,=#*kS*K"F#"E*9%'*j*>0#(%'*f*=6&#)(6,g*k*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*@WA^
4)'#]"%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*5%&$%6,E*9%'*>0w(%'*&%"$0/6"(*f*96*=6&(#%*4&0#(%*%(*f*96*=6&(#%*]6,53%E
$0#&%*6,g*90>%'*F&0"(6,g*q*-6#'*5%'*>0w(%'*?,#*"0,'*5%&"%"(*'0"(*,"*=%,*50--%*9%'*=96"53%'
4d,"*5&p"%H5%&5,%#9*D*j*:0w(%*f*(&#>0&4E*>0w(%*f*>6>0&4E*-0"*=d(#(*-0,''%(%6,*m*k*[:SBSOSE*=S
1LL^S*O6"'*j*O&%''%uH9%'*90>%'*k*%"F#"*[OS`SE*=S*1WTÊ*5%*?,d0"*%"(%"4E*5d%'(*e'0/%u*6((%"(#Fe
0,*e'0/%u*(0,(*0,{%e*[$0#&%*e)56&(%u*9%'*%']0,&4%'e^S
VKcKRK&,*&5*2/&312&:*)$%
j*R9*96"],%*4%'*?,6(&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1UV^*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9%*j*?,6(&%*f*?,6(&%*k*4d,"%*%g=&%''#0"
50"",%*50"5%&"6"(*96*$#(%''%*[=&0=0'0"'*40"5*D*e#9*=6&9%*(&.'*$#(%e^*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*,"
%g(&6(%&&%'(&%*6/6"(*?,6(&%*>0,53%'*=0,&*=6&9%&E*-6"]%&*%(*96"],%&*0,*f*,"*30--%*40,)
=0,&*9%'*96"],%'*%(*%"*=0'')46"(*?,6(&%*[j*(,*5099%&6'*9%'*(#->&%'*k*4#&6#(*B09,53%^*?,%*"0,'
6$0"'*f*F6#&%S*a,6"(*6,*j*-0&b0"*$#6"]#?,%*k*[OS`SE*=S*@U@Ê*#9*4)'#]"%*96*96"],%*(6"4#'
?,%*9%*j*(,>%*05,9#%&*k*[OS`SE*=S*1Q^*50&&%'=0"4*f*,"%*-6,$6#'%*[-6#'*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(
50-#?,%^*j*4#]%'(#0"*k*4d,"*(%&-%*(%53"#?,%*['6"'*40,(%*k*]90>%'*05,96#&%'*k^*D*#5#E*5d%'(
9dr#9E*9%'*/%,g*0,*96*$#'#0"S
7#99%,&'*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*@VQÊ*9%'*/%,g*'%&0"(*6==%9)'*9%'*j*4%,g*(&0,'
C,-%6,g* &)5#=&0?,%'* k* [-6#'* 5%96* =0,&&6#(* 6,''#* >#%"* 'd6==9#?,%&* 6,g* "6&#"%'* %(* 6,g
j*0&#99%'*k^S*;&E*5d%'(*j*=6&*4%$6"(*k*%(*40"5*=6&*%,gE*9%'*/%,gE*?,%*j*"0,'*6>'0&>0"'*9%*5s()
=0'#(#F*k*(6"4#'*?,%*9%'*j*(&0,'*6&&#.&%*k*'0"(*9%*-0/%"*4%*"0,'*j*4)F6#&%*4%*96*")]6(#$#()*k*[=S
UT^S* B6&* %"F#"E* "d0,>9#0"'* =6'* ?,%E* 53%u* M0$6&#"6E* 30--%* 50--%* F%--%* '0"(* 6,''#* %(
',&(0,(* 4%'* j* =0&(%H(&0,'* k* 40"(* 9d,"* %'(* 4d6#99%,&'* 4#(* j* =&053%* 4%* 5%9,#* 4%* 96* -0&(* 4d0,
(0->%"(*9%'*4)53%('*%(*4d0o*"0,'*"%*'0&(0"'*=6'*kS*[;SNS*c*=S*XA^S*7#99%,&'E*9d6",'*%'(*4#(
j*>90"4*k*[+SISE*=S*QUT^S
<0,&*96*=3&6'%*j*Gd6#*=&#'*6,*(&6]#?,%*9%'*(&0,'*50-#?,%'*k*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE
0"*"%*'6,&6#(*96*&%-=965%&*=6&*j*Gd6#*4&6-6(#')*96*'%g,69#()*k*[?,#*6,*F0"4*%'(*4)&#'0#&%E*%(5S^
56&*'#*9%*(&0,*%'(*4#(*50-#?,%E*9d0&]6"%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*'%g,%9S*B%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*56'*46"'
j*50--%((&%*9d0&#F#5%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QU1*%(*GSNSE*=S*XW^*?,#*&%"$0#%*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*f*9d65(%*4d6-0,&
%(*f*96*F6,(%*[5FS*j*50--%((&%*k^*0&#]#"%99%S*+6*",6"5%*%'(*?,d#5#E*?,6"4*0"*50--%(*9d0&#F#5%\
0&#]#"%E*0"*9%*F6#(*['#5^*6$%5*j*|'0"}*=.&%E*|'6}*-.&%E*|'6}*'r,&E*'0"*]%"4&%*%(*'%'*>%6,gH
F&.&%'E*6$%5*96*=%"4,9%*'0,'*96*-0?,%((%*4%*96*F#],&%*%"*-6&>&%*4,*53#%"*%"*>0,9%*=%"4,
46"'*9d%'569#%&*k*[GSNSE*=S*XW^S*:&%FE*0"*'d6>0,53%*%(*0"*'d6550,=9%*f*(0,(E*(0,(*F6#(*(&0,E*(0,(*F6#(
0&#F#5%E*0"*50=,9%*(0,(*6u#-,(*50--%*=0,&*50--,"#%&*=9%#"%-%"(*6$%5*9%*&)%9*%(*9d%g()&#%,&*D
5%96*=0,&&6*6,''#*50"5%&"%&*96*-6"]%&#%*D*(0,(*F6#(*$%"(&%E*&#%"*"d%'(*#--6"]%6>9%E*(0,(*%'(
50-%'(#>9%E*-l-%*%(*',&(0,(*'0#*q*-6#'*"0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'S*K"*'0--%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%
%'(#-%&* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* 6C0,(%* f* e5&0?,%&* 96* =0--%eE* 4d6,(&%'* =)&#=3&6'%'* )4)"#?,%'* [%(
4d6,(&%'*-0469#()*4%*F6,(6(^*40"(*$0#5#*=%,(Hl(&%*4%,g*"0,$%6,g*%g%-=9%'*D
« faire la honte » (C.H., p. 362) = se livrer à l’acte charnel (en ne perdant pas de
vue l’idée de péché originel) « proie du reptat » (C.H., p.241) = victime du serpent
(et novariniennement : du nulle-pattes), donc Eve – soit par extension : la femme.
B%((%*&3)(0&#?,%*>#>9#?,%*4,*'69#''%-%"(*%(*4%*96*30"(%*6((%#"(*'0"*6=0])%*f*96*=6]%*QW*4,
F.)($8*(&*)&*988.$//.8*&*D*j*#9*-d%'(*6&&#$)*5%*?,#*6,*53#%"*6&&#$6*D*9%*53#%"*%'(*&%(0,&")*f
5%*?,d#9*6$6#(*$0-#E*96*(&,#%*96$)%*'d%'(*$6,(&)*f*"0,$%6,*46"'*9%*F,-#%&*kS*B30'%*5,&#%,'%*D
9d6"#-69*6''#'(%*f*96*30"(%*3,-6#"%*%(*/*=6&(#5#=%*=6&F0#'E*(0,(*5%96*[50--%*#5#^*'%*50"F0"46"(
=&%'?,%* D* 53#%"* %(* (&,#%* =6&* %g%-=9%* '0"(* ,"* -#&0#&* 4%* 96* 30"(%E* ,"%* =&%,$%* ?,d0"* 6
F6,()E*,"*&6==%9*6->,96"(*%(*f*?,6(&%*=6((%'*4%*9d6"5#%"*F6,(6(*#-=#(0/6>9%-%"(*'6"5(#0"")S
B0"5%&"6"(*96*F%--%E*%99%*'%&6*',&"0--)%*j*96*=%&5)%*k*f*96*=6]%*1W@*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&
:5+9??&*%(*#9*'%&6*)]69%-%"(*?,%'(#0"E*46"'*D.:/7.E&E*4%*96*j*5&#"#.&%*4d%"*>6'*k*[=S@QWÊ
@UV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
=&0>6>9%*=)&#=3&6'%*=0,&*4)'#]"%&*9%'*=0#9'*=,>#%"'S*K"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%*=)"#'E*0"*&)4,#&6
#"(%99#]%--%"(*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*-0"*'%g%*-6'5,9#"*k*=0,&*"%*4#&%*?,%*j*-0"*-6'5,9#"*k*[$8
+SISÊ*eI0"(*I6'5,9#"e*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"S
a,6"(*f*96*j*-6#"*?,#*=6&9%*k*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/'^=S*LLÊ*5d%'(*,"*F6,g*6-#*c
%99%*"d)$0?,%*=6'*$&6#-%"(*,"%*=6&(#%*4,*50&='*3,-6#"*-6#'*4)'#]"%*=9,(s(*,"%*-6&#0""%((%
f*-6"530"*f*-0#"'*?,d#9*"%*'d6]#''%*56&&)-%"(*4d,"%*=)&#=3&6'%*=0,&*=6&09%E*j*9d0&#F#5%*4,
96"]6]%*k*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*96*>0,53%*[eO#%,*%'(*,"%*-6#"*?,#*=6&9%e*)(6"(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(
#"()]&6>9%E*6C0,(6>9%*f*96*(3)09#'(%*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&^S*O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'[-0(*(&.'
=&053%*4d;&#F#5%Ê*0"*&%=6&9%*4%*96*>0,53%*50--%*4d,"*(&0,*%(*0"*6,&6*-l-%*j*4%,g*(&0,'
f*"0,&&#&*k*[=S*TU^S
VKqK&?/&$%"(%1)&"#5:$7(%5%/(&'E-#)2%/(E
B0--%*0"*9d6*$,*=0,&*9%'*699,'#0"'*>#>9#?,%'E*96*=)&#=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*%'(*=6&F0#'*)&,4#(%*c
6#"'#E*9%*j*F0,*(&0-=)*4%'*>0#'*k*'%->9%*'%*&6==0&(%&*6,*=%&'0""6]%*4%*I%&9#"*-6#'*5%*F0,
4%$%",*(%9*56&*(&0-=)*=6&*4%'*j*F9.53%'*|t}*#"4#56(#$%'*$%&'*4%'*5,9'H4%H'65'*=6&(0,(*k*[OS7SE
=S* 1Q1^* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,''#* 9%* 9%5(%,&S* 7* 9d#-6]%* 4,* F6-%,g* >00-%&6"]* ?,#* "%* &%$#%"(
C6-6#'* =0,&* 4)'#]"%&* 9%* 5#"(&%E* 96* =)&#=3&6'%* =0,&&6* )]69%-%"(* '%* F6#&%* 3,-0&#'(#?,%E* 9%
j*',=%&-6&53)*k*4%$%"6"(*=6&*%g%-=9%*9%*j*>0&4%9*50--%&5#69*k*[OS`SE*=S@VV^S
:&%FE*0"*"0--%*9%'*530'%'*6,(&%-%"(E*%(*%99%'*=&%""%"(*,"%*4#-%"'#0"*50-#?,%*c*5%96
"%*'d6==9#?,%*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*f*96*=)&#=3&6'%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*D*5d%'(*6#"'#*q*f*-0#"'*?,%
4dJ%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'"d6#(*)()*)5&#(%*9)].&%-%"(*6$6"(*9%*4&6-%*[6,?,%9*56'*5%*'%&6#(*,"%
'0&(%* 4%* $#'#0"* =&)-0"#(0#&%^* q* ?,%* 9%* (&6]#?,%* 655#4%"(* 4%* +64/* O#6"6* '%->9%* 4%$%"#&
j* 9d)5&6>0,#996]%* 4%* 96* &%#"%* :#>#* kS* O%* -l-%E* 6,* 9#%,* 4%* =&0]&%''%&* 46"'* 96* 3#)&6&53#%
'05#69%E*0"*j*'d)9.$%*46"'*9%'*50"4#(#0"'*k*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*%(5SE*%(5S
K"F#"E* 5%&(6#"'* 50"5%=('* (&.'* ])")&6,g* '%&0"(* &%-=965)'E* "0,'* '%->9%H(H#9E* =6&* 4%'
%g=&%''#0"'*'#"],9#.&%'S*O%*F6#(E*j*9d6,(&%H-0"4%*k*j*9d0,(&%H(0->%*k*53%&*f*B36(%6,>&#6"4*%(
j*9d0,(&%H(%&&%*k*4d7&(6,4*)(6#%"(*4)Cf*4%'*-)(6=30&%'*?,%*9%*j*-0"4%*4d0,(&%*=6&(*k*'%->9%
&%-=965%&S* +6* $#%* -l-%* %'(* "0--)%* 4%* -,9(#=9%'* F6b0"'* c* #9* /* 6* ,"%* j* %"(&)%* k* %(* ,"%
j*'0&(#%*k*[4%,g*-0('*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"'^*%(*%"(&%H(%-='*[h^*D*,"*j*O&6-%*kS*+6*$#%E*#5#E*%'(*6,''#
,"*&%=6'*,"%*5."%E*,"%*'5."%E*,"%*46"'%E*,"*(3)p(&%E*,"*>6"?,%(*q*0,*,"*(&6#"E*50--%*f*96
=6]%*1W*4%*4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/X*K"*=&0=0'6"(*f*"0(&%*(0,&*,"*6=30&#'-%*#"'=#&)*4d,"%*#4)%
4%*9d6,(%,&*?,%*"0,'*)$0?,%&0"'*=9,'*90#"E*"0,'*=0,&&#0"'*-l-%*6C0,(%&*,"%*-)(6=30&%*%"
=0'6"(*?,%*96*$#%*%'(*,"%*-6"#F%'(6(#0"*'=0&(#$%E*-6"#F%'(6(#0"*6/6"(*9#%,*46"'*,"*j*8(64%
4d75(#0"*k*=6&F0#'*5&,%9*0o*9%'*536-=#0"'*"%*9%*&%'(%"(*C6-6#'*>#%"*90"](%-='S
+%*O&6-%*4%*5%((%*$#%E*5d%'(*?,%*(0,(*/*%'(*50-=9%g%E*(0,FF,E*96>/&#"(3#?,%*c*9%*',4E*9%
"0&4E*9d%'(*%(*9d0,%'(*"%*50&&%'=0"46"(*=9,'*f*&#%"E*#9*50"$#%"4&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*536"]%&*4%
>0,''09%*%(*',&(0,(*4d%"*(&0,$%&*,"%*?,#*#"4#?,%*96*j*]6,53%*kE*96*j*4%'(&%*kE*96*j*]&#53%*k*%(
9%*j*4%&53%*k*[+SISE*=S*W@UÊ*9%*j*4%&53%*k*[=6&(#%*4,*>6'^*4%$6"(*'6"'*40,(%*50&&%'=0"4&%
6,*',4S*I6#'E*6,*F0"4E*'#*9%*j*F0,*(&0-=)*k*6#-%*f*9dl(&%E*5d%'(*?,%*'%*=%&4&%*46"'*9%'*>0#'
40#(*=&)'%"(%&*4%'*536&-%'t
VKoK&J)#$E0#57/%-&:#1)&1/&'2"(2#//*2)%&/#9*)2/2%/u4)*/a*2<0,&*F#"#&E*96"b0"'*=6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(E*50--%*,"*'%&=%"(#"*%"*F0&-%*4%*59#"*4dr#9*f*+%#&#'E
9d#4)%*4d,"*=&0C%(*4%*]90''6#&%E*4%*=&)5#'E*4%*-6",%9*0,*4%*$64%-%5,-*H*%(*=&0=0'0"'*f*(#(&%
4d6-0&5%*9%'*?,%9?,%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*',#$6"(%'E*4)F#"#(#0"'*6,g?,%99%'*#9*50"$#%"4&6#(*4d6C0,(%&
5%99%'*4,*j*O#50*:0,50(\Z&6"b6#'*k*[$0#&*=6&(#%*P&6"4#0'%*%(*'6,]&%",^S
@LA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
<&)5#'0"'*?,%*5%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*"%*'0"(*?,d%"*=6&(#%*4%'*$6&#6(#0"'*=%&'0""%99%'*D*"0,'
"0,'* '0--%'* >6')'* %"* %FF%(* ',&* 4%'* =3&6'%'* F0&(%-%"(* 6FF#&-6(#$%'* )$0?,)'* b6* %(* 9f
[50--%* j* G%* ',#'* %'(* ,"* ")0"* kE* j* +6* ",#(* "d%'(* =6'* 96* =&%,$%* ?,d#9* "d/* 6* &#%"* f* $0#&* kE
j* 9d%"F6"5%* %'(* ,"%* (&.'* -6,$6#'%* F0&-6(#0"* kE* j* O#%,* %'(* 96* ?,6(&#.-%* =%&'0""%* 4,
'#"],9#%&* k^* %(* ',&* 4d6,(&%'* -0-%"('* 4%* 9dr,$&%* 0o* 9%* 50"(%g(%* "0,'* =%&-%(* 4%* 4)4,#&%
5%&(6#"%'*)$#4%"5%'*[I653#"%'*f*4#&%*$0#5#*=6&04#6"(*96*()9)$#'#0"E*6=050=%'*50,',%'*4%
F#9* >96"5^* c* =0,&* 9%* &%'(%E* 5%* '0"(* 4%'* &%50-=0'#(#0"'* [0"* =6&(* 4%'* j* ]6&b0"'* ?,#* '0"(
4%$6"(E*-%'*>&6'*k*=0,&*4)4,#&%*,"%*4)F#"#(#0"*50--%*e:&6'*D*]6&b0"'*?,#*'0"(*4%$6"(e^
%(* 4%'* &6==&053%-%"('* 4%* (%&-%'* ?,%* "0,'* 5&0/0"'* =%&(#"%"('* [:0,53%* \* j* (&0,* 4,
-#6-*kE*j*P&0]"#'(6"*k*\*=6/'*]&0]"6"(*%(*=6&*9f*=0''#>9%-%"(*>%99#?,%,gE*%(5S^S*7=&.'*4%'
=&)56,(#0"'*0&6(0#&%'*?,#*'d#-=0'6#%"(*'6"'*40,(%E*"0,'*=&0=0'%&0"'*40"5*,"*405,-%"(
?,%*"0,'*%'=)&0"'*%"&#53#&*=&0536#"%-%"(*=6&*4%*"0,$%99%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*D
Dictionnaire novarinien-français (prolégomènes) Adam : Animal du temps.
Amour : pulsion qui nous fait nous jeter soudainement sur autrui. Anus :
thermo-preneur. Trou dont nous ne sortons pas. Avanir : futur sombre. Bouche :
trou du miam Bras : garçons qui sont devant. Chapeau mental : tête humaine.
Chien : rien. Cœur : bat la mesure en vain. Corps : mort. Vide nigaud. Croix :
signature des illettrés Christianisme : judaïsme pour les paysans Déhommer
(se) : sortir d’homme. Syn. « désarraisonner ». Dieu : couac. Quatrième
personne du singulier. Passe les douanes. Enfance : très mauvaise formation.
Espace : nous supporte. Temple du temps. Femme : percée. Grognistan :
pays animé d’intentions belliqueuses. Homme : coupable en deux. Quadrupède
en souffrance. Animal olympique. Hommer : pantalonner. Inri : ici. Jambes :
satanés compas Jésus : Cui qui mit l’chapeau d’épines. Jean des Trous. Homme
de cruciphon. Je suis : néon Langue : morçon viangique. Liste : mouvement
amoureux. Langage : sperme et semence de l’univers. Logodynamique : mise
en mouvement du langage. Lumière : nuit. Cri toujours visible du premier instant
qui dure toujours. Machine à dire voici : étrange lucarne. Mains : prenantes et
adorantes Manger : mystère. Monde : mangeoire. Une joie de A à Z. Mort : un
rien qui tombe tout le temps. Nécromobile : véhicule idéal pour aller voir là-bas
si ça locute Nuit : n’est pas la preuve qu’il n’y a rien à voir. Orilles : oreilles.
Pendant à oneilles. Pantalon : conscience de la mort. Parole : lumière. Paupi :
paupière Pensée : notre présence dans les paroles, une dictature dans la tête.
Pieds : siège de la pensée Pierres : tues par Dieu Phalle : phallus. Poume :
poumon. Queue : tuyau qui dit peu de mot Réel : tout ce qui vient mordre.
Sexe : membre réclameur. Silence : cendre laissée par la parole. Souffle :
lumière. Sauve, libère. Tête : Bête vide. N’est pas porteuse. N’est d’aucune
lumière. Temps : nous tue avec amour. Trous arrière: moyen de nous défaire
de la négativité. Ut : surf. Premier instant qui dure toujours. Utopie de la fin.
Viander : vivre. Vie : page à nager Vivre : faire de la poussière Yeux : trous à
lumière.
cK&8#9*)2/*.&"%$12&312&9%)B%
cKOK&Y*)"*--#/-&i
@L@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
`%&>%&#%* h* `%&>6]%* h* `%&>6(#0"* h* B0--%"(* "0--%&* 5%((%* F#],&%* h* O6"'* j* +d#-=)&6(#F
LX
"0-#"6(0#&%*k *4%*G%6"H+,5*8(%#"-%(uE*#9*%'(*%"50&%*?,%'(#0"E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*4d*,"%*6,(&%
=0''#>#9#()* [-6#'* =%,(Hl(&%* 'd6]#(H#9* 4%* (0,(* 6,(&%* 530'%* h^* f* (&6$%&'* 5%* j* F&6/6]%* 4de%]0e
?,#*"d6((%#"(*C6-6#'*'0"*e',-eE*?,#*50""6w(*(&0=*96*4#'(6"5%*#"50"(&65(6>9%*%"(&%*9%*-0#*%(*9%
$%&>%*k*D*9d0"*j*530#'#(*690&'*96*$%&>6(#0"*[4d6,5,"'*4#'%"(*96*$%&>#])&6(#0"^*"0"*=0,&*el(&%e
-6#'*=0,&*e6]#&eE*46"'*5%*'(64%*4d65(#0"*%g%-=96#&%*?,d%'(*9%*(3)p(&%*?,#*F6#(*',&]#&*k
86"'*53%&53%&*f*%g=9#?,%&*=0,&*9d#"'(6"(*96*&6#'0"*['d#9*/*%"*6*,"%^*4%*'0"*,(#9#'6(#0"E*9%
=&05)4)*%"*?,%'(#0"*50"'#'(%*f*F0&-%&*4%'*$%&>%'*f*=6&(#&*4%*"0-'*50--,"'E*4d64C%5(#F'*0,
-l-%*4%*$%&>%'*4)Cf*%g#'(6"('*-6#'*,(#9#')'*4%*F6b0"*#"50&&%5(%*%(*6"0&-69%*[50--%*9,((%&
=6&*%g%-=9%^S*K"*F6#(E*0"*'6#(*?,%*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*,"*=&)5,&'%,&*['6,FE*=%,(Hl(&%
6,*"#$%6,*4%'*-0('*?,d#9*530#'#(*=0,&*$%&>%&Ê*9%*=&05)4)*6/6"(*)()*"0(6--%"(*,(#9#')*=6&*9%
=0.(%*<#53%((%*?,#*'d%"*F#(*-l-%*,"%*'0&(%*4%*'=)5#69#()*q*0"*(&0,$%*%"50&%*,"*j*'d#$&0]"%&*k
46"'*,"%*"0,$%99%*4%*I6,=6''6"(E*-6#'*9%*$%&>%*%g#'(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*9d)=0?,%S
86"'* l(&%* 4%'* =)&#=3&6'%'E* ?,#* '0"(* 96* =9,=6&(* 4,* (%-='* 4%'* '0&(%'* 4%* -)(6=30&%'
4)$%90==)%'E*9%'*$%&>%&#%'*'%->9%"(*=%&-%((&%*4%*&%-=965%&*,"*0,*=9,'#%,&'*-0('*c*5d%'(
9%* 56'* 4dk* 30--%&* k* ?,#* '#]"#F#%* (0,(* '#-=9%-%"(* $#$&%E* ?,6"4* 0"* %'(* ,"* 30--%S* K"F#"E
=0,&*=6&9%&*%"*(%&-%'*"0$6&#"#%"'*4,*$#%,g*59#$6]%*30--%\F%--%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*4#&%*?,d74630--%*%(*?,dK$%*F%--%*-6#'*5%*'%&6#(*'6"'*50-=(%&*9%'*%g5%=(#0"'*%(*9%'*(&6"'F,]%'*56&E
50--%*#9*%'(*4#(*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@U@Ê*#9*=%,(*/*6$0#&*4%'*j*30--%'*?,#*30--%"(
96*F%--%*k*%(*4%'*j*30--%'*?,#*F%--%"(*9d30--%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@U@^S
O.'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*0"*(&0,$%*4%'*$%&>%&#%'*F0&-)%'*f*=6&(#&*4%*"0-'*50--,"'*D
j*-6&56''#"*k*40""%*j*I6&56''0"'*m*k*[=S*X11Ê*j*-0&#>0"4*k*40""%*j*-0&#>%&*k*[=S*QUXÊ
j*>6&>6?,%*k*40""%*j*>6&>6?,#%&*k*[=S*WL@^*%(*j*'0>&#?,%(*k*40""%*j*'0>&#?,%&*k*[=S*QUL^S
;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*=6&(#&*4d64C%5(#F'*D*j*6FF&%,g*k*[6FF&%'*"d)(6"(*=6'*90#"^*40""%*j*6FF&%&*k*46"'
j*=,"#*4d6$0#&*6FF&)*k*[+SISE*=S*X@AÊ*0,*%"50&%*j**,&]%"(*k*40""%*j*,&]%&*k*[+SIS*c*=S*X1@^
?,d0"*50""6#''6#(*5%&(%'*4)Cf*46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*F6-#9#.&%*j*b6*,&]%*m*k*-6#'*?,d0"*,(#9#'%
#5#*46"'*j*!&]%*(0"*50,=9%(*k*[+SISE*=S*X1@^S*M0(0"'*%"F#"*9%*56'*(&.'*=6&(#5,9#%&*4%*$%&>%'H
$69#'%*0o*9d6"#-69#()*[5FS*50&>%6,E*(6=#&E*96=#"E*)9)=36"(^*'%->9%*=&)'%"(%*4%*F6b0"*=9,'*0,
-0#"'*#"4#&%5(%*D*j*|'%}*(6=#&*k*…*j*96=%&*k[\96=%,&\96=#"^*†*j*96=#&*k*[+SISE*=S*QQU*%(*=S*WX1^
%(*j*50&>65*k*…*j*50&"6?,%&*k*†*j*B0&>6?,%uH9%'*m*k*[+SISE*=S*WXW^S*O%$6"(*j*50"59,4%&*kE
,(#9#')*46"'*j*50"59,4%&*96*F#],&%*k*[+SISE*=S*W11Ê*0"*%'(E*50--%*'0,$%"(E*#"(%&90?,)*-6#'
',==0'0"'* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* =6&(* 4d,"%* 50"C,]6#'0"* #"50&&%5(%* 4,* $%&>%* 50"59,&%* [#5#* =9,'* 0,
-0#"'*-)96"])*f*590,%&*0,E*=9,'*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*f*j*590,4&%*k^S
7,(&%'*F6,(%'*f*9d0&#]#"%*4d,"*$%&>6]%*D*5%99%'*?,#*'%*&%"50"(&%"(*46"'*4%'*4#46'569#%'
50--%* j* 86=0&* 9,((%* Z&)]09#* k* [+SISE* =S* QX@Ê* j* 9,((%* k* &%-=96b6"(* '6"'* 40,(%* j* '%* >6(
50"(&%*k*=%"46"(*?,%*j*5&#-%&*k*&%-=965%*j*(,%&*k*c*=6&*5%'*$%&>%&#%'E*9d6,(%,&*6""0"b6#(
,"*=%,*9%*=0=,96#&%*j*$#5(#-%&*k*?,#*%"(&%&6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*C0,&*46"'*9%*4#5(#0""6#&%S
O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%*%(*=0,&*=6''%&*6,*<.=$:*(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*9%*$%&>%
#"50&&%5(*j*'d055#4%&*k*[=S*1VWÊ*,(#9#')*50--%*j*'d055#&%*k*[-l-%*'d#9*&%''%->9%*6,''#*,"*=%,
f*j*'d0g/4%&*k*%(*f*j*055#4%"(*kÊ*=0,&&6#(*)?,#$690#&*f*j*'d6,(055#&%*kE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*j*'d6,(0H
055#&%* k* [$0#&%* j* 'd6,(055#&%* kÊ* '%* ',#5#4%&S* O6"'* 4&' <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/E* 9%
C%,*50"(#",%*40"5*D*6$%5*j*6>'50"'%&*k*[=S*@UL^*F0&-)*f*=6&(#&*4%*9d64C%5(#F*j*6>'50"'*k*%(
j*F0''0/%&*k*[=S*@LAÊ*?,#*$#%"(*4%*j*F0''0/%,&*k*q*0"*9%*$0#(*D*9d3,-0,&*"0#&*%'(E*50--%
(0,C0,&'E*0-"#=&)'%"(*%(*9%'*j*$%&>%'*$%&>)'*k*%"*=0&(%"(*96*-6&?,%S*<6&*6#99%,&'E*0"*'%
'%&$#&6*4%*9d6=050=%*=0,&*&)4,#&%*j*>0&>0&/(3-%'*k*%(*%"*F6#&%*,"*$%&>%*50"C,],)*6,*=6'')
'#-=9%* 6$%5* 9d)$056(#0"* 4d,"* j* =0536&4* 6''0,=#* k* ?,#* j* >0&>0&6* * ?,%9?,%'* (%&-%'* k* [=S
LX
**G%6"H+,5*8(%#"-%(uE*j*+d#-=)&6(#F*"0-#"6(0#&%*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*VS
@L1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
1LX^S* M0(0"'* 6,* =6''6]%* ?,%* 5%* (/=%* 4%* $%&>%'* #"$%"()'* &%$#%"(* (&.'* '0,$%"(* 46"'* 96
9#(()&6(,&%*4d,"*86"*7"(0"#0*%(*#9*"%*F6,4&6#(*=6'*'d)(0""%&*4d%"*(&0,$%&*4%*'#-#96#&%'*53%u
`SMS*56&*#5#*9d#"(%"(#0"*%'(*96*-l-%*D*6-,'%&E*',&=&%"4&%E*#"(&#],%&*%(*>0,'5,9%&*96*j*8%,9%*f
B)4#99%*k*[=0,&*9d%-=l53%&*4%*'d6==6,$&#&*%(\0,*4%*4%$%"#&*>l53%,'%*%(*],#"4)%^S*K"F#"E*9%
=&05)4)*50"5%&"%&6*6,''#*,"*'%"'*50--%*9d0,#%*46"'*j*0&%#99#&*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1AV^S
+d6=050=%* =0,&&6* 6#4%&* f* 96* $%&>%&#%* D* 5d%'(* 9%* 56'* 46"'* j* $#(,=%"(* k* ?,#* (&0"?,%
j* $#(,=.&%"(* k* [OS7SE* =S* @XX^* q* -6#'* 6,''#* 46"'* j* 96>#&%* k* [+SIS* c* =S* QTW^* ?,#E
=30")(#?,%-%"(E* (&0"?,%* =%,(Hl(&%* j* 96>/&#"(3%* kS* 7,(&%* 56'* 4d6=050=%* D* j* I%"',&%* (6
'=9%"4#4%*%g#'(%"5%*k*[OS7SE*=S*1U1Ê*j*I%"',&%*k*$%"6"(*'6"'*40,(%*4%*j*-%"',&6(#0"*k
H*$(&?*=0,&*j*%"*9,#*9,-#"%*9d%'=&#(*k*[OS7SE*=S*1V1Ê*?,#*$#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*j*9,-#"6#&%*k*0,
4d*k*#99,-#"6(#0"*kS*<0,&*j*?,%*96*9,-#.&%*4#$%*k*[OS7SE*=S*@UTÊ*0"*6*F6#(*,"*$%&>%*4,*$#%#99#
e4#$%e*[5FS*j*O#$%*:0,(%#99%*k^*=0,&*&6==&053%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*j*9,-#.&%*k*%(**O#%,S*O6"'
4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*0"*5&0#'%*%"50&%*j*>0,9%$6&4%uH-0#*k*[=S*1XQÊ*j*&)$09$%&*k*[=S
1X^*%(*j*'0--%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*U1Ê*?,#*=%&-%(*4%*4#&%*=9,'*$#(%*j*F6#&%*,"*'0--%*k*q*?,6"(*f
j*$6]#"%&*k*[$(&?*=0,&*j*$,9$%&*kÊ*5d%'(*,"*$%&>%*F)-#"#'(%*?,#*F6#(*=%"46"(*f*j*>&6],%((%&*kS
O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*0"*$%&>%*%"50&%*D*j*(6->0,&%&*k*[=S*1A1Ê*j*#9*56&"6$69%*k*[=S
@ULÊ*j*(,>%&*k*[=S*11@Ê*j*$%"(,&%&*k*[=S*@1TÊ*j*-6(3%&-6(#5#%&*(0,(%*96*-6(#.&%*k*[=S*1LAÊ
j*R"(%99#]%u*9%'*'=3.&%'*mk*[=S*@TU^*%(*96*40,>9%*=&0=0'#(#0"*',#$6"(%*D*j|)9)=36"(%&}*9dJ0--%
4%*96*Z#"*k*\*j*|5&,'#=30""%&}*9d3%,&%*4%*'6*F#"*k*[=S*1U@^S*+d6=050=%*[5FS*j*F0&-#46>9%*k^*%'(
'6"'*40,(%*f*9d0&#]#"%*4%*j*F0&-#46*k*46"'*j*9d30--%*-0&(*?,%*9%*(&0,*F0&-#46*k*%(*j*Gd6#
F0&-#4)*-6*536#&*4#g*-#99%*F0#'*[OS`SE*=S*1TWÊ*j*F0&-#4%&*k*)(6"(*5%=%"46"(*=9,(s(*f*&6==&053%&
4%*j*F0&%&*k*%(*4%*j*F0&-%&*kS*;"*"%*96#''%&6*5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*(0->%&*96*$%#"%*4d3,-0,&*"0#&
?,#*)(6#(*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*=&)5)4%"(%'*D*f*=6&(#&*4%*536&0]"%*%(\0,*4%*536&0]"6&4E
0"* F0&-%&6* j* 536&0]"%&* k* [=S* @UA^* %(* f* 96* =6]%* 1VQ* 0"* 40""%&6* 5%(* 0&4&%* D* j* 7/%u* 5%'
#-=&%''#0"'*%"*'#9%"5%E*(6#'%u*$0'*)(6('E*=6''%u*$0'*=)&#04%'*%(*F0''%u*m*k*E*=0#"(%*-656>&%
'd#9*%"*F,(S*O%*-l-%E*96*50"(&#>,(#0"*4d746-*6,*j*-0"4%*?,#*-0"4%*k*'%->9%*&)',-)%*6$%5
96* =9,'* ]&6"4%* 4%'* 50"5#'#0"'* D* j* 5d%'(* 9d30--%* ?,#* ]%"4&%* %(* '0&(* k* [=S* U@^S* a,6"(* 6,g
?,%'(#0"'*?,%*9d7"#-69*4,*(%-='*'%*=0'%&6*C,'?,df*96*",#(*4%'*(%-='E*%99%'*6,&0"(*j*!"%
$#6"4%*(d6*$#6"4)*k*[=S*WX^*=0,&*&)=0"'%E*50"'(6(*$#6"469*)90#]")*4%*(0,(%*(&6"'5%"46"5%S
O6"'*96*=9,=6&(*4%*'%'*$%&>%'E*0"*'%"(*96*-6&?,%*4,*j*B6"5&%*90]#?,%*k*D*'#**(6->0,&
%g#'(%E*=0,&?,0#*"%*=6'*4#&%*j*(6->0,&%&*k*6,*9#%,*4%*(6->0,&#"%&*h*O%*-l-%E*j*#"(%99#]%&*k
=0,&&6#(*(&.'*>#%"*l(&%*,(#9#')*6,*9#%,*4%*50-=&%"4&%E*%(5S*+d#"(%"(#0"*%'(*'6"'*40,(%*6,''#
4dl(&%*=9,'*4#&%5(*[,"*=%,*50--%*%"*6"]96#'^*%(*4d699%&*>%6,50,=*=9,'*$#(%*c*5%96*6*'6"'*40,(%
4%'*&)=%&5,''#0"'*',&*9%*-0,$%-%"(*])")&69E*9%*&/(3-%*4d%"'%->9%*4%'*=#.5%'*=&0=0')%'S
7,(&%'*%g%-=9%'*D*46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*9%*?,09#>%(*'%*$%&>#F#%*=0,&*4%$%"#&
j* ?,09#>%&* k* 46"'* j* 9%'* I6&'%#996#'* 9%* ?,09#>6#%"(* k* [=S* WA^* %(* 46"'* F&* /#$/* [=S* 1A@Ê* 0"
=&)F.&%&6*9d)(&6"]%*j*'(&6"]9%&*k*f*j*)(&6"]9%&*k*%(*f*j*'(&6"],9%&*k*D*f*"0,'*4%*"0,'*#"'=#&%&*4%
5%((%*(%53"#?,%*=0,&*$%&>%&*50--%*9d6,(%,&*%(*',#$&%*%"*5%96*9d%g%-=9%*4d,"*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'
<%&&#"E*"0$6&#"6"(*%"*#"$%"(6"(*j*96='%&*kS
cKRK&Y*2-#//#/-&i
7* 96* =6]%* @X* 4%* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&B* 9%* 50"'%#9* 4%* -6#'0""%&* [4%* >p(#&* ,"%* -6#'0"* h
4%* 50"'(&,#&%* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* h* 4%* &%'(%&* 53%u* '0#* h^* '%->9%* "0,'* l(&%* 40"")* 46"'
j*I6#'0""0"'*kE*#"C0"5(#0"*'%*4)-6&?,6"(*'#"],9#.&%-%"(*4%*j*I6&56''0"'*k*[+SISE*=S*X11Ê
?,#*'0""6#(*50--%*,"%*#"$#(%*f*#-#(%&*P&#99,'E*5%*56-6&64%*4d!9/''%*(&6"'F0&-)*%"*=0&5
%(*'6(#'F6#(*4%*5%(*)(6(S*B%96*50&&%'=0"4*=%,(Hl(&%*f*9d)$09,(#0"*6&(#'(#?,%*4,*4&6-6(,&]%E*9%
5s()*6"#-69*[>%'(#69E*F)&05%^*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*0,*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/
F6#'6"(* =965%* f* ,"%* $090"()* =9,'* ]&6"4%* 4%* 40-%'(#?,%&* '%'* F099%'* =,9'#0"'* 96"]6]#.&%'
@LQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
[4d6#99%,&'E* 9%'* $%&>%&#%'* '0"(* =9,'* &6&%'^* %(* 4%* F6#&%* r,$&%* [>&%F* 4%* j* |-6#'0""%&}* k^* %"
50"'(&,#'6"(* 4%'* =#.5%'* F0"5(#0""6"(* 50--%* 4%* -#",(#%,'%'* -)56"#?,%'* 0,* =9,(s(* 4%'
4%-%,&%'* F&6]#9%'* ?,d,"* &%(0,&* 4,* 90,=* [?,#* =0,&&6#(* 9%'* &%"$%&'%&* %"* '0,FF96"(* 4%'','^
-%"65%&6*3%,&%,'%-%"(*(0,C0,&'*56&*#5#E*,"*=%,*50--%*53%u*9%*B96,4%9*4%*9d6=&.'*LU7&
(59)E*9%*$%"(*6&(#'(#?,%-%"(*#"()&%''6"(*4%*96*]&6"4%*F09#%*F,&#%,'%*[%(*4%*5%'*>0,&&6'?,%'
"0,$%99%'E*-#99%*%g%-=9%'*=0,&&6#%"(*#5#*l(&%*40"")'^*=%,(*&%'',&]#&*f*(0,(*-0-%"(S
Od6#99%,&'E* 9%'* 6"#-6,g* 40-%'(#?,%'* 6,&0"(* 6,''#* 4&0#(* 6,* $%&>6]%E* =0,&* 53#%"'* %"
9d055,&&%"5%*c*%(*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*R9'*53#%""%"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*@U1^*"0,'*'%->9%*=0,$0#&*l(&%*4)F#"#%
4%*96*'0&(%*D*#9'*50"(#",%"(*f*l(&%E*%"*(6"(*?,d#9'*6==6&(#%""%"(*f*96*&65%*56"#"%E*>&%F*f*%g#'(%&
5/"#?,%-%"(E*'0#(E*%"*"0$6&#"#%"*D*#9'*=%&'#'(%"(*46"'*9%,&*50-#?,%*56"#"#()*[0,*46"'*9%,&
5/"#(,4%*50-#?,%^S*Od6,(&%'*6"#-6,gE*%"50&%*=9,'*=&053%'*4%*"0,'E*'%&0"(*50"5%&")'*=6&
9%*$%&>6]%*D*j*B3#-=6"u6#HC%*h*|t}*;,#'(#(#HC%*h*k*[;SNSE*=S*@AQ^S*86"'*6$0#&*9d6#&*4%*&#%"E*5%
]%"&%*4%*C%,*4%*-0('*=%,(E*50--%*5d%'(*'0,$%"(*9%*56'*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*4)>0,53%&*',&*,"%
&)F9%g#0"*=9,'*=&0F0"4%*$0#&%*-)(6=3/'#?,%*c*#5#E*=%,(Hl(&%*D*?,%*&%'(%H(H#9*4%*9d6"#-69*%"*-0#*h
8,#'HC%*5%&(6#"*4dl(&%*%"*=p(%\>0#'*4d30--%*h*K'(H5%*?,%*C%*9%*5&0#'*=6&5%*?,d0"*-%*9d6*4#(*%(
?,d#9*=6&6w(*?,%*5d%'(*$&6#*h*+d)(6(*4%*53#-=6"u)*"d%'(H#9*=6'*=&)F)&6>9%*h*B%,g*?,#*6FF#&-%"(
?,%*9%*&#&%*%'(*9%*=&0=&%*4%*9d30--%*0"(H#9'*4)Cf*%,*9d0556'#0"*4%*536(0,#99%&*,"*0&6"]H0,(6"*h
+%*59#$6]%*30--%\'#"]%*%'(H#9*'#*)$#4%"(*h*a,#4*4%*26&u6"*%(*4%'*j*%"F6"('*'6,$6]%'*h*:&%FE
9%*50"5%=(*4%*53#-=6"u%&#%*%(*9%*$%&>%*j*53#-=6"u%&*k*0"(*4%*?,0#*"0,'*(&0,>9%&*?,%9?,%
=%,t* O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&E* 9d6,(%,&* '%->9%* -l-%* "0,'* 40""%&* 4%* "0,$%99%'* =#'(%'* 4%
&)F9%g#0"*=6&*'0"*,(#9#'6(#0"*=6&(#5,9#.&%*4,*$%&>%*j*'#"]%&*k*?,#*&%9.$%*5%&(%'*4d,"*$%&>6]%
[$%&>6(#0"*h*$%&>%&#%*h^*0FF#5#%9E*64-#'*%(*"0"*")090]#?,%*D
L’homme singe l’homme puis s’habille en singe et se réveille en homme - et il voit
à l’horizon de son pantalon qu’il y a en lui un être en homme et non en singe. Tel
est l’homme et ça me fait du bien de le dire.
K"F#"E*0,(&%*9%'*j*$%&>%'*%"*,(*k*%(*9%'*j*$%&>%'*%"*0,#F*k*[OS`SE*=S*@1Ê*'#]"690"'*,"*6,(&%*C%,
6$%5*9%*$%&>%*6,*4)>,(*[4%*96*=6]%*U*f*96*=6]%*1A^*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[5FS*j*`0/%u*k
4#(* G%6"* c* j* 80/%u* 6((%"(#F* m* k* 6C0,(6* G65?,%'* c* j* 8d6&&l(%&6H(H%99%* h* k* 4%-6"46* <#%&&%* c
j*;,#*k*&)=0"4#(*I6&#%E*%(5S^*D*5%((%*9#'(%*?,#*'d6==6&%"(%*f*,"%*=%&%5?,#%""%*j*(%"(6(#$%
4d)=,#'%-%"(*k*[%(*?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,*0,*=&0,*46"'*4d6,(&%'*(%g(%'Ê*9d6,(%,&*%"*%,(E*4#(H
#9E* 9d#4)%* f* 56,'%* 4d,"* 6-#* &0-6"5#%&* D* 'd6]#''6#(H#9* =0,&* 9%* 4&6-6(,&]%* 4d#&0"#'%&* 50--%
N0>>%HP&#99%(*[-6#'*>#%"*'z&*(&.'*4#FF)&%--%"(^*',&*96*=%&-6"%"5%*4,*&0-6"*>69u65#%"*%(
4%*5%&(6#"%'*50"$%"(#0"'*&%96(#$%-%"(*-)56"#?,%'*h*B%*"d%'(*=6'*)$#4%"(*4,*(0,(E*',&(0,(
'#*9d0"*(#%"(*50-=(%*4,*j*-0,$%-%"(*6-0,&%,g*k*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*5%*(/=%*4%*9#'(%'S
6IK&,*&,#0#'=/*5231%
OK&6%)-&)*"2/2%/.&[&5E()#&E5#(24&\&%(&:<)*-%&&/#9*)2/2%//%
OKOK&?/%&[&4#)"%&312&9*&\
LT
O6"'*,"%*#"(%&$#%~ E*7"4&)*I6&50"*50-=6&%*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*6,*$%&'*&65#"#%"*D
LT
**7"4&)*I6&50"E*j*J6>#(%&*96*=6&(#(#0"*D*&%"50"(&%*6$%5*9%'*65(%,&'*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*kE*#"(%&$#%~*6550&4)%*f*96*&%$,%*H9#;&?&87E
0=S*5#(SE*=S*QAS
@LW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Comme dans l’alexandrin, c’est la forme respiratoire et rythmique qui dicte sa
loi au sens. Je ne me suis donc pas dit que je devais inventer quoi que ce soit,
je me suis dit, au contraire, qu’il fallait que j’écoute.[…] cette expérience m’a
conforté dans l’idée que l’acteur doit toujours s’obliger à être concret. Il y a pour
moi deux grands maîtres pour l’acteur : Racine et Novarina. Avec eux on apprend
à abandonner le faux chant ou le faux lyrisme.
O6"'*9%'*4%,g*56'*[$%&'*&65#"#%"*%(*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%Ê*#9*'%->9%*?,%*"0,'*'0/0"'*%"
=&)'%"5%*[%(*=0,&*5#(%&*,"%*=3&6'%*3,]09#%""%^*4d,"%*j*F0&5%*?,#*$6*kS*7"4&)*I6&50"E*f
96*F0#'*(&.'*'0>&%*%(*(&.'*536&#'-6(#?,%E*%'(*4d6#99%,&'*9d65(%,&*#4)69*=0,&*F6#&%*=6''%&*5%((%
#-=&%''#0"*4%*F0&5%S*B%'*?,69#()'*'0"(*'6"'*40,(%*6,''#*(&.'*,(#9%'*=0,&*C0,%&*B96,4%9E*5%
?,d#9*F#(*6,''#E*"0(6--%"(*46"'*LU7&'(59)E*=#.5%*0o*9%*&/(3-%*6*f*$0#&*6$%5*9%*$%&'%(*>#>9#?,%S
B0"5%&"6"(* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%* (%53"#?,%E* =%,(Hl(&%* =9,'* '0,=9%* ?,%* 9d69%g6"4&#"E* <6,9
B96,4%9* 4)596&6#(* D* j* I%'* $%&'%('* '0"(* 4%'* ,"#()'* )-0(#$%'* %(* &%'=#&6(0#&%'S* k* -6#'* 9%
&/(3-%*6-=9%E*'0,=9%*%(*%FF#565%*4,*$%&'%(*596,4)9#%"*'d%g=9#?,%*)]69%-%"(*=6&*4%'*&6#'0"'
F0&-%99%'E* 9#)* ?,d#9* %'(* f* ,"* 6&(* (&.'* =6&(#5,9#%&* ?,#* 50"'#'(%* f* 699%&* f* 96* 9#]"%* 4%* F6b0"
'0,$%"(* #"6((%"4,%E* 6,465#%,'%* %(* =6&F0#'* 56$69#.&%* $0#&%* 56&&)-%"(* 530?,6"(%S* B30'%
90]#?,%E*B96,4%9*)(6#(*5&#(#?,%*f*9d)]6&4*4%*9d69%g6"4&#"*%(*'#*9d6,(%,&*4568()9?."#&*50"'(#(,6#(
'6"'* 40,(%* f* '%'* /%,g* ,"%* '0&(%* 4d%g5%=(#0"* ['0"* &6==0&(* f* N65#"%* &%'(6"(* -69]&)* (0,(
50-=9#?,)Ê*#9*"d3)'#(6#(*=6'*f*4#&%*4,*$%&'*596''#?,%*?,d#9*j*]6&4%*(0,C0,&'*?,%9?,%*530'%
4%*]&#'p(&%*%(*4%*=0,''#)&%,g*k*D*j*M0,'*'0--%'*-#'*6,*=6#"*'%5*%(*C6-6#'*C%*"d%"(%"4'
LU
LL
?,%*4%*9d6((%"4,*k S*20,C0,&'*46"'*'%'*QIE:&A$98/'/#)':.'%9I/$&E *#9*"0(%*%"50&%*5%5#*[?,#
"%*'6,&6#(*'%*&6==0&(%&*6,*&/(3-%*"0$6&#"#%"^*D
L’obligation de rimer et de rimer bien rejette le poète soit sur des associations de
sons banales et éprouvées, soit sur ces sonorités les plus communes qui sont
la bourre du langage […]. La rime supérieurement respectée met la doublure à la
place du vêtement
LV
M0$6&#"6E*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*&%''%->9%*f*B96,4%9*%(*f*N#->6,4 D*=6'*4%*-0"0(0"#%*53%u
9,#*-6#'*4%*96*',&=&#'%E*4%'*$#&6]%'E*4%'*5630('E*4%'*6'=)&#()'E*4%'*=9%#"'*%(*4%'*4)9#)'E*4%'
509'*%(*4%'*5099#"%'E*>%6,50,=*4%*=6/'6]%'E*(0,C0,&'*(&.'*4#FF)&%"('S
K"F#"E* =0,&* (%"(%&* 4%* &%"4&%* 9d#4)%E* 53.&%* f* J,]0E* 4%* j* F0&5%* ?,#* $6* k* %(* 4)F#"#&E* =6&
0==0'#(#0"E*9%*&/(3-%*'#*=6&(#5,9#%&*4%*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*9d#-6]%*4d,"*(&6#"*%"*-6&53%
0,* 4d,"%* 90]0-0(#$%* =0,&&6#(* )$%"(,%99%-%"(* F0"5(#0""%&E* -6#'* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* 5%99%* 4d,"
5%&(6#"* j* -)(&0* )-0(#F* k* 56&E* %(* 5d%'(* =%,(Hl(&%* 9%* =9,'* ]&6"4* 4%'* =6&640g%'* "0$6&#"%"'E
#9* "d/* 6* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 4d)-0(#0"* 46"'* 5%((%* r,$&%* 3/=%&H4)'#"56&")%* q* f* -0#"'* ?,d#9* "d/
%"*6#(*C,'(%-%"(*>%6,50,=*6,*50"(&6#&%E*-6#'*4%*-6"#.&%*'0,'HC65%"(%*D*96*530'%*'%->9%
=6&F6#(%-%"(*#"4)5#46>9%*=0,&*9%*-0-%"(S*N#%"*f*$0#&*%"*%FF%(E*'6,F*',&*9%*=96"*4%*96*'(&#5(%
$#(%''%E*6$%5*9%*=6&9%&*()9)]&6=3#?,%*%(*9%*&/(3-%*4%*=3&6'%*#"4,#(*=6&*9%'*(&0#'*=0#"('S
OKRK&,P25:#)(*/"%&'%&$*&:#/"(1*(2#/
B#(0"'*#5#E*=0,&*-%((&%*%"*&%]6&4*'(/9%*5)9#"#%"*%(*'0,FF9%*"0$6&#"#%"E*,"*=6''6]%*5%&(%'*,"
=%,* 90"]* -6#'* (0,(* f* F6#(* '#]"#F#56(#F* (#&)* 4%'* C87)&7$&8/' .;&*' :&' -)9E&//&#)' u* [r,$&%* ?,#
4%$&6#(*=&%'?,%*F#],&%&*46"'*96*56()]0&#%*j*K''6#'*k^*46"'*9%?,%9*B)9#"%*4)F#"#(*9%*F6-%,g
LU
**<6,9*B96,4%9E*QIE:&A$98'/#)':.'%9I/$&E*Z09#0\P699#-6&4E*B099%5(#0"*j*R4)%'*kE*@VUVE*Z&6"5%E*=S*UUS
**3=$(E*=S*UUS
LL
LV
* *!"*4%'*-6w(&%'*4%*<6,9*B96,4%9E*?,#*9d)$0?,%*'0,$%"(E*"0(6--%"(*46"'*-.).=9:&'(568$?#/'&7'(5.8$?.','%9#)'E.$)&'*9?%)&8()&
*&)7.$8&/'%9I/$&/'(56)7+#)'Q$?=.#(E*#"*QIE:&A$98/'/#)':.'%9I/$&E*0=S*5#(S*==S*XXHXTHXUS
@LX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-)(&0*)-0(#F*(0,(*%"*9%*50"4,#'6"(*9#(()&69%-%"(*'0,'*"0'*/%,g*H*%(*5%,gE*)>63#'E*4,*B090"%9
N)')46*[7&6]0"*hÊ*?,#*"%*50-=&%"4*=6'*(0,(*D
– […] c’est mon génie ! le coup de mon génie ! pas trente-six façons !…
j’embarque tout le monde dans le métro, pardon !… et je fonce avec : j’emmène
tout le monde !… de gré ou de force !… avec moi !… le métro émotif, le mien !
sans tous les inconvénients, les encombrements ! dans un rêve !… jamais le
moindre arrêt nulle part ! non ! au but ! au but ! direct ! dans l’émotion !… Par
l’émotion ! rien que le but : en pleine émotion… bout en bout ! – Comment ?…
Comment ? – Grâce à mes rails profilés ! mon style profilé ! […] Exprès profilés !
… spécial ! je les lui fausse ses rails au métro, moi ! j’avoue !… ses rails rigides !
… je leur en fous un coup ! […] le charme, la magie, Colonel ! la violence aussi !
… j’avoue !… tous les voyageurs enfournés, bouclés, double-tour !… tous dans
ma rame émotive !… pas de chichis !… je tolère pas de chichis ! pas question
qu’ils échappent !… non ! non ! […] A la violence !… vous êtes le magicien ?
oui ?… non ? alors que votre charme opère !… certains lecteurs récalcitrent ? la
trique, Colonel ! qui préfèrent le cinéma ? la trique !… qui préfèrent le chromo ?
la trique !… vous êtes le maître des sortilèges… […] Plus un camion qui vous
harponne ! l’artiste que vous êtes ! votre métro s’arrête à rien !… vous vous êtes
90
profilé un style !
<,#'*'d%"',#(*5%*4#690],%*D*j*q*!"*'(/9%*h*,"*'(/9%*h*\*q*;,#E*B090"%9*mt*9%*'(/9%*6,*=9,'
'%"'#>9%*4%'*"%&F'*m*\*q*Bd%'(*4%*9d6((%"(6(*m*\*q*;,#E*C%*9d6$0,%*m*kS*;"*$0#(*40"5*>#%"*96*4#FF)&%"5%
F0&-%99%* [(&0#'* =0#"('E* =3&6'%'* (&.'* 50,&(%'* %(* '6"'* $%&>%'E* 4)$%90==%-%"(* 90]#?,%E* $&6#
4#690],%E* 9#'#>#9#()* &%96(#$%E* %(5S^* 6$%5* 9%* =&0C%(* "0$6&#"#%"* q* 6,* &%'(%E* 96* "0(#0"* 4%* '(/9%
"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*0=)&6(0#&%*=0,&*?,69#F#%&*9d6&(*4,*4&6-6(,&]%*["0,'*'0--%'*=9,(s(*%"
=&)'%"5%*4d,"*'0,FF9%^S*O%*=9,'E*%(*-l-%*'#*5%((%*=3#90'0=3#%*%'(E*50--%*#9*4#(E*j*)-#'%*%"
96"]6]%*&/(3-#?,%*kE*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*=6&6w(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*=3#90'0=3%*?,%*B)9#"%S*<0,&(6"(E
50--%*O,>,FF%(*'%->96#(*9%*=%"'%&*[5FS*>I:$8&'%$:97&*%(*9%((&%'*f*M0$6&#"6Ê*0"*=0,&&6#(*6,''#
9%'*50"'#4)&%&*(0,'*4%,g*50--%*4%'*6&(#'(%'*4d6&(*>&,(*q*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*50--%*4%'*6"6&53#'(%'
%(*4%'*4/"6-#(%,&'*4%*96"],%*50-=6&6>9%'*f*G0/5%*%(*f*N6>%96#'S
7,(&%*=0#"(*4%*50-=6&6#'0"*6$%5*9d6,(%,&*4%*V#$089:5/*<.8(*[%"*=9,'*4%*96*$#(%''%*%(
4,*5s()*#50"0596'(%^*D*9%*]0z(*4%*96*=&)5#'#0"*%(*9d0&#]#"69#()*4%'*0=(#0"'*(/=0]&6=3#?,%'*D*0"
"d)5&#(*=6'*j*+%*(3)p(&%*%'(*$#4%S*<,#'*746-*%"(&%E*6=&.'*?,0#*#9*'0&(S*k*-6#'*j*+%*(3)p(&%
%'(* $#4%E* %"(&%* 746-* D* #9* '0&(S* kE* 96* =3&6'%* )(6"(* 6,''#* =9,'* 50-=9%g%* =9,'* 6->#],‡* %(
=3#90'0=3#?,%-%"(*=9,'*#"()&%''6"(%*?,%*5%99%*?,#*$#%"(*"6(,&%99%-%"(*f*9d%'=&#(*D*'#*746%"(&%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*?,d#9*%'(*'0&(#*4d6#99%,&'*q*-6#'*4d0o*h*Bd%'(*(0,(%*96*?,%'(#0"S
B%((%*#-=0&(6"5%*4%*96*=0"5(,6(#0"E*)]69%-%"(*)$0?,)%*46"'*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7*[=S
QQ*D*j*%99%*50"(#%"(*4%'*-%''6]%'*5&/=()'E*=6&F0#'*4)53#FF&6>9%'*=6&*,"*'%,9S*Bd%'(*,"%*'0,&5%
(&.'*4#&%5(%*4d)"%&]#%E*%(E*',&*96*=6]%E*50--%*,"*&%'(%*4%*96*]&6=3#%*%(*4%*96*&%'=#&6(#0"
4%*5%9,#*?,#*6*)5&#(*kÊ*%'(*-l-%*,"*4%'*',C%('*4,*(%g(%*4%*=&)'%"(6(#0"*4,*&%5,%#9*N.:G)&
P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&*D
Ses textes manifestent aussitôt l’attention portée à la ponctuation […] Un point
d’exclamation marque une ouverture, deux points provoquent la rapidité d’un
91
enchaînement. Le point virgule se marie à la notion de plaisir.
90
91
&L*#+>&`%'$+:.:$&=)-+:%?&P:"'%"+%:>&.A%<&-%&/'*X%>>%#'&Y?&`*-+*mi.--+M.'$F?&0113?&//F&TJ4TI4T34TqF
&@&;')>%:"."+*:&B?&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.F&7()G"'%>&$#&A%'H%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&06F
@LT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
M0(0"'*=0,&*9d6"%540(%*,"*=6''6]%*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*Q@L^*0o*9d0"*=%,(
6$0#&*9d#-=&%''#0"*?,%*M0$6&#"6*'d%''6#%*6,*-)(&0*)-0(#F*5)9#"#%"*[5FS*(&0#'*=0#"('E*=3&6'%'
'6"'*$%&>%'E*'(/9%*()9)]&6=3#?,%E*%(5S^*D
Chuté de la plonge face à Palisse. Et mort au but… Plus petit qu’en réel et moins
beau qu’en photo… Boulevard Atrice Atti… Aux titubants et aux passeurs…
L’éclat si beau d’son œil ouvert… Et sauter dessous !… Des coulisses, toute
ma vie, passée dehors, égale zéro… Massif en pierre, passée quinze tonnes, ça
m’écrasa. J’en aurais voulu lui rapprendre à m’frapper mon comique !
7* 9d#"'(6&* 4%* B)9#"%* $0#&%* 4,* =%&'0""6]%* 4%* <%&5/* [46"'* D.:/7.E&Ê* M0$6&#"6* &%F,'%
$#09%--%"(* 9%'* j* -0"0(0"%'* >69964%'* k* %(* j* 96* =0)'#%* -#"6,4#.&%* ?,#* -6&53%* f* =6'
50"(&6#"('* 50--%* ,"%* C,-%"(* 4/'%"(&#?,%* kS* R9* 96#''%* 9%'* j* 46"'%'* 6564)-#?,%'* k* 6,g
j* =%(#('* 0&(%#9'* '(,4#%,g* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* Q@1^* c* j* 6((%#"(* 4%* =0,'')%* &/(3-#?,%* k* [OS`SE* =S
@@AÊ*"0(&%*6,(%,&*"%*'d6==6&%"(%*=6'*f*,"*j*>%6,*(&0,''%,&*4%*'=#&69%'*k*[7S`SE*=S*@WX^
-6#'*F0"5(#0""%*=9,(s(*j*50--%*,"*?,#*"%*$0,4&6#(*=9,'*=6&9%&*%"*=3&6'%*-6#'*%"*C6->6]%
(&)=#46"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*VV^S*O%*F6#(E*5%*?,#*=&#-%*53%u*9,#E*5d%'(E*%g65(%-%"(*50--%*=0,&*B)9#"%E
,"%*5%&(6#"%*$#(%''%*[,"*&#]040"*h^*f*-%((&%*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*9%'*530#g*4%*=0"5(,6(#0"*c*6#"'#E
46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@L@^*D
Puis j’ai passé quelques temps chez les squelettes, m’entretenir tout le long du
jour de squeletterie. […]. Ensuite, fuyant, dissimulé dans la foule, à la caisse des
Prisuny, au lieu de payer caddy, j’enlevai les étiquettes à la place des autres, et
au feu bleu local, j’annonçai rouge et partis écraser piétons. Je voyais. La ville
entière était en croix et en viande incarnée sans moi, et j’étais son seul point
mis en zone urbaine à ma place… Puis j’ai repassé quelques temps quelque
part séjourner chez quelqu’un, puis je m’en suis aperçu. En face d’autrui, pour
animer conversation, j’enchaînais mes mots dans la suite des idées pour animer
conversation ; et je passais mon temps journellement à faire semblant d’être en
cette vie avec vous. En vie, je ne l’étais pas. Car j’étais moi-même fait en mort.
Je ne parvenais pas à me débarrasser des mots sans savoir quoi leur dire. Je ne
parvenais plus à me parler avec des mots sans savoir leur dire.
K"*F6#(E*5%((%* (#&64%\50-=96#"(%*4,*N6-6''%,&* 4%* <#)(0"'* "d%'(* =6'* F0&-#46>9%-%"(* >#%"
530#'#%* 56&* '#* 9d0"* %g5%=(%* 9%'* (&0#'* =0#"('E* %99%* &%''%->9%* F#"69%-%"(* ,"* =%,* 6,* '(/9%
()9)]&6=3#?,%E*-l-%*'#*9%*5)9#"#%"E*96"],%*4,*(&6"'=0&(*)-0(#F*%(*4%*9d%-=0&(%-%"(E*%'(*(0,(
4%* -l-%* -0#"'* $#4%* 4%* '%"'* %(* -0#"'* e'%g(#"#%"e* [(0,(* %"* &%'(6"(* 3/=%&H0>'%''#0""%9^S
;&E* =6&640g69%-%"(E* 96* $#(%''%* 4%* 96* =&0'%* "0$6&#"#%""%* "%* =&0$#%"(* =6'* [50--%* 53%u
B%"4&6&'E*ˆ)&0,65*0,*-l-%*86"*7"(0"#0^*4d,"%*-04%&"#()*&%96(#$%*%(*4d#""0$6(#0"'*F6#'6"(E
"0"*'6"'*=&0$056(#0"E*&,=(,&%*6$%5*9%*=6'')*D*5%((%*=&0'%*%'(\$6*$#(%*-6#'*'6*$#(%''%*%'(
9#)%*f*,"%*F0&-%*4d6&536{'-%t
OKUK&?/%&"%)(*2/%&92(%--%
I6(3#%,*$6*$#(%*c*46"'*5%&(6#"%'*F,9],&6"5%'E*<6'569*%(*I646-%*P,/0"*[%(*6C0,(0"'*7&(6,4^
'd6==6&%"(%"(*f*4%'*j*6(39.(%'*4,*'%"(#-%"(*k*$0#&%*f*4%'*'=&#"(%&'*4%*9dp-%*c*?,6"(*f*`09(6#&%
[5FS*>.8($(&^*%(*O#4%&0(*[5FS*F.*"#&/':&'D.7.:$/7&Ê*0"*'6#(*?,d6$%5*9%,&*=%(#(%*-,'#?,%E*#9'
4)>0,9%"(*%"*F6#(*f*(0,(%*699,&%*['6"'*0,>9#%&*4dl(&%*4%'*=3#90'0=3%'*=9%#"'*4d#&0"#%*%(*4%
4&s9%&#%^*c*:0'',%(E*40"(*9d6&(*%'(*(&.'*9#)*f*96*=%&F0&-6"5%*(3)p(&69%E*6$6#(*6,''#E*"0,'*'%->9%H
(H#9E*4%'*%->699%-%"('E*4%*5%,g*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*[5FS*j*`0,'*"d6$%u*=6'*F6#(*&%(0,&*k^
?,6"4* M0$6&#"6* 9#(* '0"* 6?9/E* ?,#* "%* 4%$6#%"(* =6'* =6''%&* #"6=%&b,'* q* =0,&* 4%'* 0&%#99%'
@LU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
6((%"(#$%'* 'd%"(%"4S* B%((%* $#(%''%* "d%'(* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 5%99%* 4%* B)9#"%* ["#* 4%* O,-6'* $0#&%
4dJ,]0^*-6#'*5d%'(*5%99%*4%*M0$6&#"6*c*6,*F0"4E*53%u*5%*4%&"#%&E*96*&,=(,&%*'(/9#'(#?,%*"d%'(
=6'*6,''#*]&6"4%E*50"'0--)%E*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*9%*5&0#&%*6$%5*5%&(6#"%'*(&64#(#0"'*4,*=6'')E
.-%
.-%
i`RR
*%(*i`RRR
*"0(6--%"(S
B)9#"%* )(6#(* 4d6#99%,&'E* "0,'* '%->9%H(H#9E* -0#"'* =6&9)* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* q* '6,FE* 3)96'E
=0,&* 4#&%* 4%'* p"%&#%'* [j* +%'* B3#"0#'* f* :&%'(* kE* %(5S^S* O%* =9,'E* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 9%* (3)p(&%
"0$6&#"#%"*'0#(*9#)*f*,"%*4#]%'(#0"*(&.'*=%&'0""%99%*4%*96*=6&09%*=3#90'0=3#?,%E*4#-%"'#0"
#-=0&(6"(%* ',&* 96?,%99%* "0,'* &%$#%"4&0"'S* a,6"(* f* '6* 5&#(#?,%* )"%&$)%* [?,0#?,%* =6&F0#'
5&/=()%E* '0,'HC65%"(%^* 4d,"* 5%&(6#"* (3)p(&%* %(* 4%* 5%&(6#"'* (/=%'* 4%* C%,g* 4d65(%,&'* [5FS
4&77)&'.#A'.*7&#)/E*-9#)'49#$/'(&'D#8G/Ê*%99%*"0,'*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9%*M#%(u'53%*&%C%(6"(
'/->09#?,%-%"(* ‚6]"%&* -6#'* 5%96* "%* 50"5%&"%* ?,%* 4%'* ]&#"5%-%"('* 4%* 4%"('* %(* ,"
)"%&$%-%"(*&%96(#$%-%"(*&%(%",E*-6#'*?,#*'d%g=&#-%*%(*'%*$0#(*5%=%"46"(*[56&E*=0,&*9%*&%'(%E
"0,'*'0--%'*4%*5%,g*?,#*%'(#-%"(*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(*,"*C0,&*%''6/%&*4%*(&64,#&%*M#%(u'53%*6$%5
9%'*(&0#'*=0#"('^S
+d6,(&%*=0#"(*4%*50-=6&6#'0"*6$%5*B)9#"%E*5d%'(*?,%*96*9%5(,&%*4%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6
%'(*(0,C0,&'*[-69]&)*5%&(6#"'*#"$6&#6"('E*50,53%'\"6==%'*"0,$%99%'*%(*%FF%('*4%*&%(0,&*F6#'6"(
=96#'#&* 6,* &)5%=(%,&^* =9%#"%'* 4%* ',&=&#'%'* q* %(* 5%96* -l-%* ?,6"4E* 6,* >0,(* 4%* =9,'#%,&'
9%5(,&%'E* 0"* 5&0#(* 6$0#&* 50-=&#'* 96* (%53"#?,%* 4%* 9d6,(%,&S* R9* '%->9%* ?,d0"* =,#''%* %"* 4#&%
6,(6"(*4,*j*-)(&0*)-0(#F*kE*%(*5d%'(*)]69%-%"(*=0,&*5%((%*&6#'0"*?,%*9d0"*=%,(*9)]#(#-%-%"(
50-=6&%&*5%'*4%,g*6&(#'(%'*q*(0,(*f*96*F0#'E*50--%*0"*6,&6*%''6/)*4%*9%*4)-0"(&%&*f*(&6$%&'
5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%E*(&.'*=&053%'*%(*(&.'*)90#]")'*9d,"*4%*9d6,(&%S*B%*?,#*%'(*'z&E*5d%'(*?,d#9*/
V1
6*53%u*M0$6&#"6*%(*=0,&*,(#9#'%&*'%'*=&0=&%'*(%&-%'*,"%*j*F0&5%*4%*9d6996"(*k *%(*=%,(Hl(&%
VQ
-l-%E*=0,&*5#(%&*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6( E*,"%*j*=0)(#?,%*|t}*4%*96*$#(%''%*kE*',&*96?,%99%*"0,'
&%$#%"4&0"'S
OKVK&,*&52-%&%/&5#19%5%/(&'1&$*/0*0%
OKVKOK&?/&5#(&312&5*/31*2(&T&$*&$*/01%&4)*/a*2-%
7$%5*j*90]04/"6-#?,%*kE*"0,'*"%*'0--%'*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*")090]#'-%
&),''#* %"* 5%* ?,%* (0,(* f* 96* F0#'* ',&=&%"6"(* %(* %'(3)(#?,%* $0#&%* &#]0904/"6-#?,%* [56&* #5#
&#&%* %(* $#(%''%* 0"(* =6&(#%* 9#)%^* -6#'E* '%->9%H(H#9E* 4d,"* -0(* )$056(%,&E* (&.'* =&)5#'* %(* -l-%
=&0F0"4)-%"(* ,(#9%* ?,#* F6#'6#(* 5&,%99%-%"(* 4)F6,(* f* 96* 96"],%* F&6"b6#'%S* M0,'* '0--%'
=&%'?,%*'z&'*?,%*G%6"H<6(&#5%*B0,&(0#'*'%&6#(*4%*5%(*6$#'E*9,#*?,#*&6==&053%*9%*-0(*4%*96
VW
"0(#0"*4%*4/"6-#?,%*$%&>69% *%"*'%*&)F)&6"(*f*@&;.87*:.*%.)9:&*[=S*1@*%(*=S*@TQ^*%(*%"*"0,'
&6==%96"(*5%5#*D
Logodynamique dit Novarina, à inventer, « dynamique verbale », voici une
expression simple et un mot nouveau pour un art nouveau, motivé : la mise en
mouvement du langage.
+6*(%53"#?,%*4,*-)(&0*)-0(#F*&%9%$6#(*>%9*%(*>#%"*4%*5%((%*j*-#'%*%"*-0,$%-%"(*4,*96"]6]%*k
-6#'* #9* %'(* $&6#* ?,%* B)9#"%* )(6#(* %"* ?,%9?,%* '0&(%* 6#4)* =6&* 9d6&]0(E* ?,#* %'(* "6(,&%99%-%"(
90]04/"6-#?,%S*B%96*'d%g=9#?,%*'6"'*40,(%*=6&*9%*F6#(*[3#'(0&#?,%^*?,%*5%((%*96"],%*"d)(6#(
=6'* 4,* (0,(* =&)$,%E* =%"')%* =0,&* l(&%* )5&#(%* %(* 9#(()&6#&%S* ;&* 40"5E* 9d6&]04/"6-#?,%* [?,%
5%*'0#(*53%u*B)9#"%*0,*:0,46&4^*'%*=&)'%"(%*F#"69%-%"(*50--%*F0"5(#0""6"(*=&%'?,%*(0,(
V1
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*a,64&6(,&%*kE*K"(&%(#%"E*K*+&)O9*"y@@E*05(0>&%*1AAAS
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E**j*eG%*',#'*=%&'0""%e*0,*96*$0#g*9/&#?,%*'6"'*',C%(*kE*4.*;9$A*(&*N.:G)&*P9;.)$8.B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*WVS
VQ
VW
**G%6"H<6(&#5%*B0,&(0#'E*j*2&6$6#99%&*9%*$#4%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#*;&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@QVS
@LL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
'%,9*D*5d%'(*,"%*96"],%*?,#*'%*=&l(%*f*'6*=&0=&%*-#'%*%"*-0,$%-%"(E*50"b,%E*F6#(%E*)(,4#)%
=0,&* 9%* -0,$%-%"(* %(* 96* F,#(%* %"* 6$6"(* q* %(* 9%* "0->&%* #-=&%''#0""6"(* 4%'* %g=&%''#0"'
6&]0(#?,%'*%g=&#-6"(*96*F,#(%*%(*9%*4)=6&(*[5FS*'%*>6&&%&E*'%*56''%&E*'%*(6#99%&E*569(%&E*4)56&&%&
f* (0,(%'* (6(6"%'E* -%((&%* 9%'* >0,('E* -%((&%* 9%'* 64C6'E* 56''0'* m* $0#&%* 11* m* `d9f* 9%'* F9#5'* m^
"0,'* &%"'%#]"%&6#(* =&%'?,%* ',&* 9%'* 56&65()&#'(#?,%'* #"(&#"'.?,%-%"(* 90]04/"6-#?,%'* 4%
VX
96* 96"],%* %"* ?,%'(#0"S* M0$6&#"6* 9,#H-l-%* =6&9%* 4d,"%* j* 4/"6-#?,%* F,],)%* k E* 5%* ?,#
'd6==9#?,%* 6''%u* >#%"* f* 96* $#(%''%* %g=&%''#$%* 4%* 9d6&]0(* %(* f* '6* =&0=&%* 96"],%* ?,#* "d%'(
=0,&(6"(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*&6=#4%*D*#9*/*6*=9,'#%,&'*$#(%''%'*%(*=9,'#%,&'*>&6?,%('S
K"* &%=&%"6"(* 9%* ()-0#"* 4%'* -6#"'* 4%* G%6"H<6(&#5%* B0,&(0#'E* "0,'* =0,&&#0"'* -l-%
6C0,(%&*5%5#*D*=0,&*M0$6&#"6E*96*-#'%*%"*-0,$%-%"(*4,*96"]6]%*"%*$6*=6'*4,*(0,(*4%*'0#E*5%
4%&"#%&*'%->96"(*%'(#-%&*[#9*/*F6#(*"0(6--%"(*699,'#0"*46"'*4&'L+IM7)&'(&/'%.)9:&/^*?,%*9%
96"]6]%*?,#*'0&(*4%'*=9,-%'*%'(*'0,$%"(*-0&(E*f*9d#-6]%*4,*C%,*4%*5%&(6#"'*65(%,&'*q*5d%'(
4d6#99%,&'*9f*,"*4%*'%'*=9,'*>%6,g*)"%&$%-%"('*[%(*,"*4%'*=9,'*50"'(6"('*56&E*4%=,#'*4&
F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*#9*=0,&&6*6,''#*'d6==9#?,%&*6,g*"0$96"],%'*4%*>0#'*4%'*-653#"%'
f*4#&%*`0#5#^S
O%*-l-%E*96*=&)'%"5%*F#"69%*4%*(0,'*5%'*F9%,$%'*%(*6,(&%'*&#$#.&%'*50,96"(*46"'*4.'>+.$)
(&'45R9??&*[96*'%,9%*"0(#0"*4d%6,*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*(&0=*=96(%*.'%)$9)$^*"%*50&&%'=0"4&6#(H
%99%*=6'*,"*=%,*f*9d0=(#0"*&)'09,-%"(*90]04/"6-#?,%*?,d#9*530#'#(*4%*=&%"4&%*h*O%*F6#(E*#9
'd6]#(*4d6$6"5%&*%(*4d699%&*4%*9d6$6"(E*4%*'%*96#''%&*&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(*%-=0&(%&*=6&*9%*50,&6"(
[=6&F0#'*(0&&%"(^*4%'*-0('*"0"*F0&-6()'E*4%*'%*96#''%&*],#4%&*=6&*9%*$%"(*4%*5%((%*<6&09%
?,#* "0,'* %"(&6w"%* 0"* "%* '6#(* 0o* [96* =0''#>#9#()* 4d6550'(%&* 6,g* &#$6]%'* 4%* 96* F09#%* "d)(6"(
=6'*f*%g59,&%^S*<0,&*F#9%&*%"50&%*,"*=%,*96*-)(6=30&%*6?,%,'%E*9#?,#4%E*6?,6(#?,%E*4#'0"'
?,%*96*90]04/"6-#?,%*'d6==6&%"(%*=%,(Hl(&%*f*,"%*$6],%*#--%"'%*',&*96?,%99%*9d6,(%,&*'%
=&0=0'%*4%*',&F%&*%"*"0,'*#"$#(6"(*])")&%,'%-%"(*f*-0"(%&*',&*96*=96"53%E*=0,&*=&0F#(%&*4%'
'%"'6(#0"'*4%*]9#''%*?,d#9*)=&0,$%*%(*$#$&%*6$%5*9,#*9d6$%"(,&%*4d,"*$0/6]%*=6&F0#'*46"]%&%,gS
VT
+d655%"(*'%&6*40"5*-#'E*5%5#*=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*9%'*(%&-%'*4%*G%6"H<6(&#5%*B0,&(0#' *',&
j*5%*?,#*E.$7*4,*-0,$%-%"(*46"'*96*96"],%*%(*%"*=&%-#%&*9#%,*96*e=6''#0"*")090]#?,%eE*96*9#'(%E
9d)5&#(,&%*%"*'90]6"'E*9%*50-#?,%*4,*96"]6]%E*(0,(*5%*?,#*F6#(*5%*(6>9%6,*4%*9d#"50"",*$%"6"(
"0,'*'69,%&*%"*]#596"(*6,*5r,&*4%'*-0('*%(*=3&6'%'*kS*7*%"*5&0#&%*G%6"H<#%&&%*B0,&(0#'E
5%((%*90]04/"6-#?,%*=%&-%((&6#(*6,''#*4%*=&%"4&%*96*-%',&%*4%*5%5#*D
[…] ce n’est qu’en mettant le mouvement dans la langue qu’on comprend ce
qu’est le langage, un faire, une action, à prendre comme tels […] Et l’œuvreNovarina se fait œuvre d’être une proposition et un propos sur la nature du
langage.
7#99%,&'E* #9* 4#(* 4%'* =3&6'%'* "0$6&#"#%""%'* ?,d%99%'* '0"(* j* 96"b6"(%'E* 4/"6-#?,%'* %(
%"]%"4&%,'%'* 4%* 4/"6-#?,%'* k* [=S* @WV^S* B%96* 4#(* %(* 6F#"* 4%* "0,'* 4)F%"4&%* 50"(&%
4d)$%"(,%99%'*5&#(#?,%'E*&6&%'*'0"(*9%'*055,&&%"5%'*4,*-0(*j*+0]04/"6-#?,%*k*-6#'E*4d,"%
=6&(E* 9d0"* "%* '653%* =6'* ?,%* 9%* -0(* j* * <6(6=3/'#?,%* k* F6''%* '0,$%"(%'* F0#'* &%(0,&* 46"'
9dr,$&%*4%*G6&&/*[%(*=0,&(6"(E*?,%99%*=0'()&#()*#9*%,(*m^*%(*4d6,(&%*=6&(E*9%*-0(*%"*?,%'(#0"
F6#(*,"%*'0&(%*4%*&%(0,&*(&#0-=369*46"'*4#?$G)&/'(#'*9)%/*=,#'?,d#9*%'(*530#'#*=6&*9d6,(%,&
=0,&* F6#&%* 9d0>C%(* 4d,"* (#(&%* 4%* 536=#(&%E* 96* 4%&"#.&%* =6&(#%* 4,* 9#$&%* 'd#"(#(,96"(* =&)5#')-%"(
4909(S8.?$"#&*q*9%*")090]#'-%*%'(*-l-%*&),(#9#')*6,*4)>,(*4%*45C8;&)/'(&':5&/%)$7*[=S*@@^S
O6"'*9%*536=#(&%*%"*?,%'(#0"*[%(*46"'*9%*9#$&%*(0,(*%"(#%&Ê*9%*53%&53%,&*M0$6&#"6*6==0&(%
4%*"0,$%6,g*)9)-%"('*D*96*90]04/"6-#?,%*"%*50"5%&"%&6#(*=6'*C,'(%*9%*-0,$%-%"(*$%&'
VX
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*+d30--%*30&'*4%*9,#*k*[=&0=0'*&%5,%#99#'*=6&*G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,Ê*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@TLS
VT
**G%6"H<6(&#5%*B0,&(0#'E*j*2&6$6#99%&*9%*$#4%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*@WAS
@LV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
9d6$6"(*%(*96*4%"'#()*=0)(#?,%*D*50--%*6,*'?,6(53E*#9*'d6]#(*4%*(%"#&*50-=(%*4%'*u#]u6]'*4%*96
=6&09%E*9%*(3)p(&%*4%$6"(*l(&%*9%*9#%,*=&#$#9)]#)*4%*9d0>'%&$6(#0"*'5#%"(#F#?,%*4%*5%((%*4%&"#.&%S
+d%"C%,E*5d%'(*4d%''6/%&*4%*50-=&%"4&%*5%*?,#*%'(*f*9dr,$&%*%(*"0,'*4)=6''%E*>&%F*4%*4#&%
5%*40"(*0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*=6&9%&S
OKVKRK&8#9*)2/*&%(&$%&-$*5
K&d:%&<%'".+:%&M*$%':+")
a,#((%*f*530?,%&*5%,g*?,#E*=6&*#]"0&6"5%*%(*-6"?,%*4%*5,&#0'#()E*=6''%"(*f*5s()*4%*5%((%
"0,$%99%*F0&-%*4d%g=&%''#0"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*$0#&*M0$6&#"6*50--%*,"*=&)5,&'%,&*4,
'96-*[6,*-l-%*(#(&%*?,d7&(6,4E*P#"'>%&]E*B)9#"%E*`%&3%]]%"*0,*P6((#^*56&*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%
9%'*(&.'*>0"'*'96-%,&'*&%53%&53%"(*9%*-l-%*86#"(*P&669*?,%*9,#*%"*'%*=0'6"(*%g65(%-%"(
9%'*-l-%'*?,%'(#0"'E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*4%'*?,%'(#0"'*j*90]04/"6-#?,%'*kS
7$6"(*4d699%&*=9,'*90#"E*=&)5#'0"'*?,%*9d6,(%,&*50""6w(*F0&(*>#%"*9%*'96-*%(*?,d6550-=6]")
4%*'0"*65(%,&*%(*6-#*O6"#%9*_"/nE*#9*6*-l-%*=6&(#5#=)*f*4%*=6&#'#%""%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'E
50"(%g(%*5%&(%'*"0,$%6,*=0,&*9,#*-6#'*46"'*9%?,%9*#9*)(6#(*'6"'*40,(%*50--%*,"*=0#''0"
46"'*9d%6,E*(6"(*'0"*6&(*%(*9%*'96-*=&05.4%"(*4d,"*-l-%*4)'#&*%(*4d,"%*-l-%*)"%&]#%S*K"50&%
=9,'*&)5%--%"(*[%"*4)5%->&%*1AALÊ*#9*6''#'(6*f*,"%*'%''#0"*#-=&0$#')%*46"'*,"*>6&*4%
20,90,'%*[9%*86#"(*8%&"#"^*%(*F,(*-l-%*50"$#)*f*4#&%*,"*(%g(%*f*9d0556'#0"*4,*'=%5(659%*j*7
?,%9*4#%,*=6&9%'H(,*h*O,*'96-*f*M0$6&#"6*kE*-6"#F%'(6(#0"*?,#*%,(*9#%,*%"*'%=(%->&%*1AAV
f*9d6>>6/%*4%*N0/6,-0"(*%(*0o*9%*'96-*[5FS*=&%'(6(#0"'*4%*O]#u*%(*4,*B6=#(6#"%*896-^*)(6#(
VU
>&#996-%"(*&%=&)'%"()S*B%*'=%5(659% E*;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u*%"*6*>#%"*5%&")*9%'*%"C%,g*D
Si la langue de Valère Novarina et le slam étaient destinés à se rencontrer […],
c’est en vertu de cette pulsion rythmique qui est à l’œuvre dans la bouche
du slameur comme sous la plume de l’écrivain. […] Car ce n’est pas un sage
chapelet de mots, d’outils dociles pour communicants qui se déploie […] devant
nous, mais un flux physique et primitif, une « logodynamique » qui vient nous
rappeler que notre parole humaine est d’abord un exercice de notre souffle.
Chaque phrase est un phrasé : qu’elle soit flow ou litanie, elle brise les limites du
discours ordinaire pour l’emporter au plus loin, par effraction parataxique, vers
sa limite respiratoire .
896-E*F90~*%(*90]04/"6-#?,%*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*4%'*(%&-%'*'/"0"/-%'*[9%*")090]#'-%
"0$6&#"#%"*)(6"(*C,'(%*=9,'*'5#%"(#F#?,%-%"(*50""0()^*D*5d%'(*?,%*9%'*=&%'(6(#0"'*=&0=0')%'
',&*'5."%*[0,$%&(%*0,*=6'^*0"(*f*$0#&E*46"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E*6$%5*,"%*5%&(6#"%*$#09%"5%*4%
9d6==6&#(#0"*4,*-0(*c*9%*-0(*40#(*530?,%&E*=%&5,(%&*$0#&%*3,==%&5,(%&*%(*'0""%&*[-6#'*6,''#
46"'*9%*'%"'*?,%*5%*$%&>%*=%,(*6$0#&*46"'*96*>0g%Ê*596?,%&*%"F#"*50--%*,"%*=0&(%*?,%
9d0"*&%F%&-%*q*0"*'6#(*?,%*e896-*me*%'(*,"%*0"0-6(0=)%*=6&F0#'*,(#9#')%*46"'*5%*'%"'S
B3%u*M0$6&#"6*%(*46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'E*#9*'d6]#(*4%*&%F,'%&*9%*-#.$&%*4%'*'0#&)%'
],#"4)%'S* +%* =,>9#5* 40#(* '%"(#&* '0,FF9%&* 9%* $%"(* 4%* 96* =6&09%S* R9* 'd6]#(* %"50&%* 4%* &%F,'%&
9%'* 96"],%'* #--6(&#5,9)%'* ?,%* "0,'* =&0=0'%* :0,50(* %(* 4%* &%F,'%&* 96* 4&,5n)&#'6(#0"* 4%'
"%,&0"%'*%(*4%*96*-6(#.&%*]&#'%S*O6"'*,"*50"(%g(%*'05#69*F6#(*4d6"]0#''%*%(*4%*4)=&#-%E*9%
'96-*%(*9%*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*'0"(*4%'*',&'6,('*'69,(6#&%'*D*#9'*6==0&(%"(*96*-l-%*#-=&%''#0"
4%*F&6w53%,&*%(*4d6#&*=,&*%(*9%*-l-%*%'=0#&*46"'*9d6$%"#&*4,*-0"4%*%(*4%*96*=0)'#%S
VU
**M0,'*F6#'0"'*699,'#0"*6,*(%g(%*4%*=&)'%"(6(#0"*?,d;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u*)5&#$#(*=0,&*9d0556'#0"*q*&%"$0/0"'*6,*=&0]&6--%*4%
9d6>>6/%*4%*N0/6,-0"(E*'6#'0"*1AAV\1A@AS
@VA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
7,(&%* =0#"(* 4%* 50-=6&6#'0"* D* 5d%'(* 96* =6&09%* ?,d#9* 'd6]#(* 4%* -%((&%* %"* 6$6"(* D* #5#E* 5%
?,#*50-=(%*[%(*=0,&*C0,%&*',&*9d30-0=30"#%*(%g(%\(l(%Ê*5%*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*96*(l(%*[%"
6&]0(E*0"*4#&6#(*4%*&6-%"%&*'6*F&6#'%^*-6#'*=9,(s(*9%*(%g(%E*#5#*96"5)E*=&0F)&)E*=&0C%()*%(*-#'
%"*9,-#.&%*D*%"*'0--%*%(*=0,&*l(&%*=9,'*596#&E*0"*"d%'(*=6'*9f*=0,&*'%*-0"(&%&*"#*F6#&%*4,
-6,$6#'*(3)p(&%*%"*56>0(#"6"(*-6#'*>#%"*=9,(s(*=0,&*'d%FF65%&*%(*F6#&%*%"(%"4&%*4%'*&/(3-%'
[6#"'#*?,%*=&05.4%"(*9%'*64%=(%'*4,*=&.72=9A*6,*$#'6]%*'0,$%"(*5653)*=6&*9%*-#5&0*'6#'#
f*4%,g*-6#"'^*=0,&*F6#&%*>6'5,9%&*9%*=,>9#5*46"'*,"%*6,(&%*4#-%"'#0"*D*5d%'(*9f*,"%*F0&-%
(&.'*"0$6&#"#%""%*4%*&%(&6#(E*4d3,-#9#()*$0#&%*4%*ZI8[/&*[%(*#-=9#?,%*,"%*4#'5#=9#"%*?,%*"d0"(
=6'*(0,'*9%'*'96-%,&'^S
O6"'* 9%'* 4%,g* 56'E* -l-%* $090"()* 4%* =0&(%&E* 4d0FF&#&E* 4%* -%((&%* %"* 6$6"(* 96* =6&09%* c
=6&F0#'*-l-%E*50--%*M0$6&#"6*46"'*'%'*9%5(,&%'E*9%*(%g(%*5653%*96*(l(%*c*%99%*%'(*4%&&#.&%E
=&%'?,%*#"$#'#>9%E*'6"'*#-=0&(6"5%*D*0"*=0&(%*9%*(%g(%*[>&6"4#E*(%",*f*>0,(*4%*>&6'Ê*0"*=6''%
6=&.'E*0"*"%*'%*-%(*=6'*%"*6$6"(*q*5%((%*50"5&.(%*-#'%*%"*$69%,&*4,*(%g(%*%(*"0"*4%*96
(l(%*"0,'*=6&6w(*(&.'*&)$)96(&#5%*D*5d%'(*96*ZI8[/&*4d,"*=6''%,&E*=&%'?,%*4d,"*=&0=3.(%*['#
>#%"*'z&*0"*$%,(*>#%"*'%*=965%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*',&*,"*=96"*'/->09,-0&#'(#?,%^S*O6"'*,"
-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*5%'*&/(3-#5#%"'*4d,"*"0,$%6,*]%"&%*4%$&6#%"(*'6"'*40,(%*F6#&%*4%*96
4&77)&*.#A*.*7&#)/*9%,&*9#$&%*4%*53%$%(*q*f*?,6"4*96*4&77)&*.#A*/:.?&#)/*h*[5%&(6#"'*F6"'E
40"(*"0,'*'0--%'E*9d6((%"4%"(*6$%5*#-=6(#%"5%^S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*(0,(*5%*?,#*%'(*=&)50"#')
46"'*5%*-6"#F%'(%*(3)0&#?,%*=%,(*0>C%5(#$%-%"(*'d6==9#?,%&*f*9d6&(*=0=,96#&%*%"*?,%'(#0"
[5FS* 5&#(#?,%* 4%'* C%,g* 4d65(%,&'* F0&-6()'E* 6((%"(#0"* 6550&4)%* f* 96* =0"5(,6(#0"E* 4#'(#"5(#0"
"%((%*0=)&)%*%"(&%*#"(%"(#0"*%(*#"(%"'#()E*#-=0&(6"5%*4%*96*-p530#&%*%(*4%'*=#%4'^*%(*=%,(H
l(&%*-l-%*f*5%&(6#"'*'=0&('*[%"*=6&(#5,9#%&*9%*'?,6(53E*9%*(%""#'*%(*9%*(%""#'*4%*(6>9%Ê*96
4#-%"'#0"*=3/'#?,%*%(*'=0&(#$%*)(6"(*,"%*6,(&%*56&65()&#'(#?,%*50--,"%*6,*'96-*%(*f*9d6&(
(3)p(&69*"0$6&#"#%"S
7,*F0"4E*M0$6&#"6*F6#(*4,*'96-*4%=,#'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*c*96*'%,9%*4#FF)&%"5%E*5d%'(*?,%
'%'*'96-'*F0"(*4%,g*3%,&%'*6,*9#%,*4%*"%*4,&%&*?,%*4%,g*-#",(%'*50--%*5d%'(*96*50,(,-%
46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'*q*5d%'(*?,d#9*6*9d6&(*4%*&%536&]%&*4/"6-#?,%-%"(*9d)"%&]#%*$%&>69%
f*9d0%,$&%*%"*%g=90&6"(*%"50&%*%(*(0,C0,&'*4%*"0,$%99%'*=#'(%'*D*9%*&)',9(6(*0>(%",*%'(*40"5
,"%*'0&(%*4%*=#.5%*'96-)%*'6"'*50,=,&%'*$)&#(6>9%'S*B0"(#",0"'*f*)(,4#%&*9%'*4#FF)&%"5%'
4d6==&053%*D*9%'*'96-%,&'*[9%*-0(*-l-%E*'96-E*"0,'*$#%"(*4%'*8(6(%'^*"0,'*'%->9%"(*=6/%&
,"*=9,'*90,&4*(&#>,(*[%"*(%&-%*4%*5,9(,&%E*4%*&3)(0&#?,%E*4%*F09n90&%*%(*4d6550#"(6"5%'*6$%5
9%* &6=^* f* 9d7-)&#?,%E* ?,#* %'(* =6'')%* =6&* 9fE* ?,d0"* 6* '%"(#* =6''%&* q* M0$6&#"6* %"* '%->9%
-0#"'* 50"'5#%"(* [#9* "d%"* =6&9%* C6-6#'* 46"'* '0"* 0%,$&%^* -6#'* #9* %'(* 6FF%5()* 6,''#* ["0,'
%"*&%=6&9%&0"'*46"'*79%&(%*46"'*9%'*u0"%'*4%*:&056^S*7,(&%*4#FF)&%"5%*"0(6>9%*D*,"*(%g(%
'96-)* %'(* 90]04/"6-#?,%* -6#'* ,"* (%g(%* 90]04/"6-#?,%* "d%'(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(* '96-)* D* #9
'%->9%&6#(* %"* %FF%(* ?,%* :0'',%(E* B96,4%9* 0,* <%&'%* "d6#%"(* =0#"(* 9%* F90~* 4%* P&6"4* B0&='
I6964%*[50"5%&"6"(*5%*F90~E*#9*'%->9%*?,%*5%*(%&-%*'0#(*6,''#*#"4)F)"#''6>9%*?,%*C6uuE*'~#"]
0,*]&00$%*D*5%&(6#"'*'96-%,&'*%"*0"(*c*=0,&*4d6,(&%'E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*]6]")^*%(*=0,&(6"(*0"*"%
=%,(*"#%&*?,%*9%*'96-*&%"0,%*6$%5*,"%*F0&-%*4d0&69#()*=0)(#?,%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%E*46"'
9%*=&#"5#=%E*"0,'*&6==%9%&*96*4#-%"'#0"*'5."#?,%*4d,"%*-0"()%*%"*536#&%*[%g%&5#5%*6,?,%9
'%*=&l(6*9d6,(%,&*4%'*J).$/98/^S
+6*?,%'(#0"*?,%*'%*=0'%*,"*$&6#*6-6(%,&*4%*'96-*0,*4%*(3)p(&%*%'(*6,*F0"4*96*',#$6"(%*D
6''#'(%H(H0"* $&6#-%"(* f* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* h* K'(H5%* ,"%* %g=)&#%"5%* F0&(%* h* K'(H5%* 4%"'%E
#"(%"'%E*6&(6,4#%"E*"0"*=%&$%&(#*=6&*I%-"0"E*"0"*F6,'')*=6&*:0,50(*h*K'(H5%*6,''#*&64#569
VL
?,%* 4,* M646 * h* 8%* =6''%H(H#9* ?,%9?,%* 530'%* h* 7H(H0"* 4&0#(* f* 4%'* )=#=36"#%'* h* K'(H0"
VL
* *`)&#(6>9%*9050-0(#$%*4,*'96-*F&6"b6#'E*<6'569*N#53%9E*4#(*M646E*%'(*=,>9#)*6,g*:%99%'*+%((&%'*[PI.87E*1AAQ^*%(*5%&(6#"'*4%
'%'*(%g(%'*F#],&%"(*46"'* ,"%* 6"(3090]#%E*K:.?' &87)&' :&/' ?97/B* =,>9#)%* f* +6* 26>9%* &0"4%* [5FS* B099%5(#0"* +6* =%(#(%* $%&-#990"E* "y1UVE
a,%(#]"/E*1AAUE*==S*1QHQW^S
@V@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*=6'')*46"'*9d6,(&%*-0"4%*%"*&/(3-%*k*[;SNSE*=S*@11^*h*<0,&*9%'*#"50"4#(#0""%9'*4,*896-%,&
`SMSE*96*&)=0"'%*%'(*0,#E*'6*90]04/"6-#?,%*"0,'*%-=0&(6"(*9#(()&69%-%"(*50--%*,"*F9%,$%
%"*F,&#%*?,#*"0,'*%"(&6w"%*=6&F0#'*6,g*50"F#"'*4%*96*F09#%S*7*96*>6'%*4%*5%((%*6953#-#%*4,
$%&>%*','5%=(#>9%*4%*"0,'*(&6"'F0&-%&E*#9*/*6*40"5*9%'*#"]&)4#%"('*',#$6"('*D*$#(%''%E*&/(3-%E
(0"#5#()*%(*)"%&]#%*%(*4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*M0$6&#"6*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*9%*-%#99%,&*'96-%,&*4%
VV
5%*4)>,(*4%*'#.59%S*O%*-l-%E*90&'?,%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*4)5&#(*9d6&(*4%*9d65(%,&*"0$6&#"#%" E
%99%*9%*F6#(*f*"0(&%*6$#'*[56&*(%9*"%*'%&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*=6'*9%*'#%"^*%"*4%'*(%&-%'*?,#*=0,&&6#(
'd6==9#?,%&*6,g*'96-%,&'*%(*f*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'*D
Pas d’autre spectacle que celui de l’oralité. Pas d’autre performance que
la production physique d’une parole travaillée par le souffle, le rythme, la
démultiplication des voix. […] c’est l’engagement physique de l’acteur qui est mis
en vedette contre le jeu psychologique, le faux chant et le faux lyrisme. Associé
métaphoriquement à l’athlète qui va jusqu’au bout de sa dépense […], l’acteur
est celui qui ne dispose d’aucun filet, d’aucun masque. Il ne peut se dissimuler ni
derrière une intrigue ni les sentiments d’un personnage. Ce qu’il joue, c’est son
énergie, ce qu’il donne, c’est son souffle poussé jusqu’à l’exténuation .
@AA
<9,'* 90#"E * B3&#'(#"%* N6-6(* 5#(%* B96,4%* I%&9#"* #"'#'(6"(* f* '0"* (0,&* ',&* j* 9d%"]6]%-%"(
=3/'#?,%*4%*9d65(%,&E*=&%'?,%*'=0&(#FE*0o*9%*'0,FF9%*%'(*65(#FE*96*$0#g*%'(*&/(3-#?,%*k*D*5%96
=0,&&6#(*%"50&%E*(0,C0,&'*f*"0(&%*6$#'E*'d6==9#?,%&*6,*'96-%,&SSS
K&U-.M&M)"./(O>+,#%&%"&X-*r&:*A.'+:+%:
86"'*53%&53%&*f*4)$%90==%&*0,(&%*-%',&%E*"0,'*$0,4&#0"'*=0'%&*#5#E*6$%5*=9,'*4%*=&)5#'#0"
?,%*46"'*96*'0,'H=6&(#%*=&)5)4%"(%E*9%'*=&09)]0-."%'*4d,"%*)(,4%*50-=6&)%*%"(&%*9%*'96%(*9%*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"*c*50--%"b0"'*=6&*9%'*&%''%->96"5%'*D
ƒ
+d65(%,&*"0$6&#"#%"E*',&(0,(*'d#9*4)>,(%E*40#(*#-=)&6(#$%-%"(*(&0,$%&*'6*=965%*',&
'5."%E*46"'*96*(&0,=%*%(*46"'*96*=#.5%*?,d#9*C0,%*c*4%*-l-%E*46"'*(0,(%*'5."%
0,$%&(%E*9%*'96-%,&*40#(*(&0,$%&*'6*=965%*%"*6/6"(*96*>0""%*6((#(,4%E*%"*)(6"(*C,'(%E
%"*=&0=0'6"(*9%*(%g(%*?,#*'d#-=0'%*%(*%"*6==0&(6"(*4%*9d%6,*6,*-0,9#"E*-6#'*'6"'
53%&53%&*f*-%((&%*%"*6$6"(*'0"*%]0*[5%*?,#*%'(*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"^S*O6"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E
5d%'(*,"*(&6$6#9*4d)?,#=%S
ƒ
O6"'*9%*'96-E*9%*C%,*%'(*)$65,)*6,*=&0F#(*4,*&/(3-%*[%(*4,*F90~^*D*5%((%*-#'%*%"
6$6"(*4,*&/(3-%*%g59,(*9%'*=0'%'*%(*9d6FF%5(6(#0"*c*#9*'d6]#(E*=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*,"*(%&-%
?,d6FF%5(#0""%"(*'96-%,&'*%(*&6==%,&'E*4e%"$0/%&eE*5d%'(HfH4#&%*4%*=&#$#9)]#%&*9d#"(%"'#()
%(*4%*F6#&%*%"*'0&(%*?,%*?,%9?,%*530'%*6#(*9#%,*D*)=#=36"#%E*-0-%"(*4%*]&p5%E*&#&%*%(
-#&659%*4%*96*=6&09%S
ƒ
O,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4,*'96-%,&*[46"'*9%*-0-%"(*0o*5%9,#H5#*=&%"4*96*=9,-%Ê*#9*F6,(*>#%"
$0#&*?,%*(0,(*%'(*)5&#(*46"'*9d0=(#?,%*4dl(&%*4#(*c*5d%'(*5%*?,#*F6#(*4,*'96-*,"%*)509%
4%*&/(3-%**56&*5d%'(*6,''#*%"*6-0"(E*46"'*9d)5&#(,&%E*?,%*9d0"*'%*=0'%*96*?,%'(#0"*4,
&/(3-%*?,#*"%*50"5%&"%*40"5*=6'*?,%*9%*'%,9*-0-%"(*4%*96*=&%'(6(#0"*'5)"#?,%*D*#9
'%->9%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*=&05.4%*=6&%#99%-%"(*['0"*<0,&*+0,#'*4%*Z,".'*%"*6((%'(%^S
ƒ
8d#9*%g#'(%*,"*F90~*"0$6&#"#%"E*9%*'96-*=%,(*=6&F0#'*'%*F6#&%*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(
-)(6=3/'#?,%*q*-6#'*6$0,0"'*?,%*96*530'%*%'(*=9,(s(*&6&%*c*?,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*9d0,(#9
%'(*9f*[,"%*'5."%E*4%*9d)50,(%^*%(*96*530'%E*F6#'6>9%S
VV
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*==S*@UVH@LAS
@AA
**3=$(E*=S*@L@S
@V1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
20,(%*96*'5."%*"0$6&#"#%""%*%'(*=6&50,&,%*4d,"*F&#''0"*'65&)*?,#*6*f*$0#&*6$%5*,"%
-#'%*%"*6$6"(*4%*96*=6&09%E*-0"(&)%*",%*%(*"0"*>0,50(#')%*c*6,''#*>#%"E*0"*=%,(*$#$&%
46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'*4%*$)&#(6>9%'*)=#=36"#%'*-l-%*'#*9%*50"(%g(%*[>6&'*%(*40"5
50"'0--6(#0"*)$%"(,%99%*4d695009E*=%&'0""%'*"%*'%*'%"(6"(*=6'*50"5%&")%'*=6&*9%
'=%5(659%*=&0=0')E*%(5S^*"%*'d/*=&l(%*=6'*$&6#-%"(*6*=&#0&#S
+%*4#'=0'#(#F*4%*96*'5."%*0,$%&(%E*=6&*'%'*%"(&)%'*%(*'%'*'0&(#%'E*%'(*6''%u
"0$6&#"#%"*[5%((%*4#$%&'#()*4%*'(/9%*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*=6''6]%'*4%'*,"'*%(*4%'
6,(&%'*&6==%96"(*6,''#E*46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%E*5%*?,#*'%*=6''6#(*6,*B36(*"0#&*f*9d)=0?,%
4d79=30"'%*7996#'^*D*4%'*,"#$%&'*4#FF)&%"('*'%*',55.4%"(*50--%*4%'*$6],%'*4)F%&96"(
',&*9%*=,>9#5*?,#*=%,(*&#&%E*l(&%*530?,)E*)-,E*%g5)4)E*>&%F*=6''%&*=6&*(0,(%'*9%'
50,9%,&'*4%*9d6&5H%"H5#%9E*,"*=%,*50--%*'d#9*$0/6#(*,"%*=#.5%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
O6"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E*#9*/*6*4%*96*5&#(#?,%*'05#69%*D*9%'*'96-%,&'*"d6#-6"(*],.&%*:0,50(*%(
:0,50>/90"%*['#"0"E*#9'*"%*F%&6#%"(*=6'*4%*'96-Ê*#9'*9%*4#'%"(*36,(*%(*F0&(E*%(*6$%5*,"
3,-0,&*=6&F0#'*"0$6&#"#%"S
8#*96*96"],%*=0=,96#&%*%'(*>#%"*&%=&)'%"()%*46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'E*%99%*9d%'(*6,''#
[0"*9d6*$,^*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6S
R9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*'#*I6",%9*+%*+#.$&%E*7"4&)*I6&50"*0,*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"*6996#%"(
46"'*,"%*'5."%*0,$%&(%*=0,&*4#&%*4%'*=6''6]%'*50,&('*4%*M0$6&#"6*[-6#'*#9*F6,4&6#(
?,%*5%,gH5#*'0#%"(*'0#]"%,'%-%"(*530#'#'*%(*(0->%"(*6,*>0"*-0-%"(Ê*#9'*'%*F%&6#%"(
6==96,4#&*50--%*4%*(&.'*>0"'*'96-%,&'E*5%*?,d#9'*'0"(*46"'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-%',&%*[96
=9,'*'96-%,'%*4%*(0,(%'*)(6"(*>#%"*'z&*+6,&%"5%*`#%99%E*f*96*F0#'*]&6"4%*65(&#5%*%(
]&6"4%*=0)(%''%*%(*?,#*50""6w(*=6&F6#(%-%"(*9%*=%(#(*-#9#%,*4%*96*'5."%*0,$%&(%E*-#9#%,
0o*%99%*6*',*'d#"()]&%&*6$%5*,"*(&.'*]&6"4*"6(,&%9^S
K"*1AAVE*9d%g5%99%"(*'96-%,&*Od*4%*ˆ6>69*6*C0,)*46"'*,"%*646=(6(#0"*4%*2#-0"
4d7(3."%'E*"0,$%9*%g%-=9%*4%*=0&0'#()*%"(&%*(3)p(&%*%(*'96-S
R9*/*6*=0,&(6"(*>%6,50,=*4%*4#FF)&%"5%'*D
O6"'*5%&(6#"%'*#"(%&$#%~'*%(*5%&(6#"'*(%g(%'*(3)0&#?,%'E*96*"0(#0"*4%*'699%*4%*(3)p(&%
%'(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*[%(*-l-%*4%*=9,'*%"*=9,'^*-#'%*%"*6$6"(*=6&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*D*5d%'(
'0"*0,(#9*4%*(&6$6#9E*9d)5&#"*0o*#9*&6"]%*'%'*>#C0,g*4%*=6&09%*c*96*'699%*4%*(3)p(&%*%'(*=0,&
9,#*96*50"4#(#0"*['#"%*?,6*"0"*h^*4%*9d)=#=36"#%*q*5%96*=%,(*4d6#99%,&'*',&=&%"4&%*46"'
96*-%',&%*0o*9%*"0$6&#"#%"E*'d6==9#?,6"(*6,*50&='*%(*6,*4&6-%*4%*96*$#%E*%g#'(%*6,''#
%"*4%30&'*4,*(3)p(&%E*6,*?,0(#4#%"*[6,(6"(*?,%*9%'*]6]'*4dJ%&])*0,*?,%*9d6>',&4%
(%9*?,%*=%&b,*=6&*ˆ6Fn6*0,*R0"%'50^*%(*=6&F0#'*-l-%*46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'
q*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%*46"'*'%'*=#.5%'E*9%'*(%&-%'*4&6-%*%(*(3)p(&%*'0"(*(&.'*'0,$%"(
6''05#)'*f*96*$#%*-l-%S*;&*5%((%*F0569#'6(#0"\F#g6(#0"*',&*96*'699%*4%*(3)p(&%*[=&%'?,%
50"'#4)&)%*50--%*,"*9#%,*'6#"(E*,"%*'0&(%*4d)]9#'%^*=%,(*=6&6w(&%*',&=&%"6"(%*=0,&
5%&(6#"'*'96-%,&'*=,&'*%(*4,&'*?,#E*=0,&*4%*"0->&%,'%'*&6#'0"'*[='/53090]#?,%'E
=09#(#?,%'Ê*'d/*'%"(%"(*-69*f*9d6#'%*%(*4)=965)'*c*96*'5."%*0,$%&(%*46"'*4%'*%"4&0#('
=9,'*#"F0&-%9'*%(*-0#"'*50"'65&)'*&%'(%*9%,&*)9)-%"(*q*5%*-6"?,%*4%*'0,=9%''%
=%,(*6,''#*50"5%&"%&*5%&(6#"'*'=%5(6(%,&'*?,#*"d0"(*=6'*9%'*-l-%'*6((%"(%'*%"*6996"(
$0#&*4,*'96-*46"'*,"*56F)*%(*%"*6996"(*$0#&*,"%*=#.5%*46"'*,"%*'699%*4%*(3)p(&%*[5%'
=&0>9.-%'*'0"(*=6''#0""6"('*%(*-)&#(%&6#%"(*?,d,"*'05#090],%*'%*=%"53%*4%'','^S
R9*/*6*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*4%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*?,#*0"(*f*$0#&*6$%5*96*9#(,&]#%
53&)(#%""%*%(*9%*(%g(%*-l-%*%'(*(&,FF)*4d699,'#0"'*f*96*&%9#]#0"*[-l-%*'#*5d%'(*',&*,"
=96"*(3)090]#?,%*?,%*5%99%H5#*%'(*)$0?,)%^*D*9%*'96-*%'(*%"*])")&69*=9,'*96{5S
+%*'65&)*=%,(*',&]#&*46"'*,"%*'5."%*'96-*-6#'*&#%"*"%*9d6""0"5%*$&6#-%"(*D*#9*'d#"$#(%
%(*#9*%'(*9%*>#%"$%",S*M0$6&#"6E*9,#E*=&)=6&%*9%*(%&&6#"*%(*(&6$6#99%*',&*9%'*50"4#(#0"'*4%
9d6==6&#(#0"*4,*'65&)S*K"*-l-%*(%-='E*46"'*9%'*'5."%'*0,$%&(%'*%(*,"*=%,*50--%
@VQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
f*9d)]9#'%E*#9*/*6*,"*5)&)-0"#69E*,"%*4#'5#=9#"%*%(*4%'*&.]9%'*f*&%'=%5(%&*D*'d#9*/*6*,"%
5%&(6#"%*9#>%&()E*0"*"%*F6#(*=6'*"d#-=0&(%*?,0#S
7*=&#0&#E*96*=&%'(6(#0"*'96-*6*=9,'*f*$0#&*6$%5*,"%*=%&F0&-6"5%*0,*,"%*9%5(,&%E*f
9d#-6]%*4%*5%99%'*?,%*40""%*M0$6&#"6*6,g*?,6(&%*50#"'*4,*-0"4%E*?,d6$%5*9%*(3)p(&%
=&0=&%-%"(*4#(S*B%96*=0')E*90&'?,d#9*9#(*'%'*(%g(%'E*9d)"%&]#%*f*9dr,$&%*"d%'(*=6'
F0&5)-%"(*,"%*)"%&]#%*'96-*[46"'*'0"*56'E*5%96*4)=%"4*4%'*(%g(%'*D*?,6"4*#9*9#(*'0"
7-0'E*#9*%'(*(&.'*'96-^*-6#'*90&'?,%*'%'*65(%,&'*=&%""%"(*'6*96"],%*%"*536&]%*[5d)(6#(
(&.'*F&6==6"(*6$%5*O6"#%9*_"/nÊ*5%96*'%*4)=90#%*%(*4)F#9%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*$#(%*%(*=%,(
=6&*-0-%"('E*&%''%->9%&*f*4,*'96-*q*?,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*9%*59#$6]%*e=%&Fe*\*(3)p(&%*%'(
4%*-0#"'*%"*-0#"'*=%&(#"%"(*D*9%*&0-6"5#%&H=%&F0&-%,&*;9#$#%&*B64#0(*%'(*'0,$%"(
646=()*6,*(3)6(&%*%(*#9*6*6,''#*)5&#(*=0,&*:6'3,"]*D*6,(6"(*4%*59#$6]%'*?,#*'6,(%&0"(
=%,(Hl(&%*,"*C0,&E*,"%*F,'#0"*#"(%99#]%"(%*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*9d6$%"#&S
+%*'96-*%'(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"*6&(*,&>6#"E*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*50-=9.(%-%"(
F6,gS*;&E*M0$6&#"6E*[=6&*9%'*(3.-%'*?,d#9*6>0&4%*D*-0&(E*50&='E*=6&09%E*0&#]#"%E*O#%,^
"d%'(*"#*&,&69*"#*,&>6#"*D*#9*%'(*9%'*4%,g*%(*>#%"*=9,'*?,%*5%96*D*#9*4)=6''%*(0,'*5%'
59#$6]%'*?,d#9*&%"4*=&%'?,%*564,5'S*K"*])")&69E*9%*'96-*%'(*)]69%-%"(*F)-#"#'(%*D
M0$6&#"6*9d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*6,''#*-6#'*#9*"%*9%*5&#%*=6'*',&*9%'*(0#('*[f*96*4#FF)&%"5%*4%
5%&(6#"'*'96-%,&'^*D*5d%'(*%"50&%*,"*59#$6]%*?,d#9*'%->9%*6$0#&*4)=6'')E*"%*F6#'6"(
=6'*4%*4#'(#"5(#0"*%"(&%*746-*%(*K$%*%(*'d6-,'6"(*-l-%*=6&F0#'*f*=%&-,(%&*'%g%'*%(
]%"&%'*50--%*0"*9d6*$,*=&)5)4%--%"(*46"'*,"%*'0,'H=6&(#%*50"'65&)%*f*5%(*6'=%5(
4%*'0"*(&6$6#9S
20,(*65(%,&*"d%'(*=6'*56=6>9%*4dl(&%*6,*4#6=6'0"*4%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*9%'*'5."%'
'96-*[5%&(6#"'*$#%""%"(*,"%*0,*4%,g*F0#'E*-6#'*"%*&%$#%""%"(*=6'^*D*#9*F6,(*)5&#&%
'%'*(%g(%'*[50--%*+6,&%"5%*`#%99%^*%(*?,#((%&*5%&(6#"'*6,(0-6(#'-%'*q*5%96*4#(E*9%'
65(%,&'*"0$6&#"#%"'*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*-#%,g*6&-)'*?,%*4d6,(&%'*=0,&*4%$%"#&*4%*>0"'
'96-%,&'*D*9%,&*6==&053%*4,*&/(3-%*%(*4,*'0,FF9%*9%'*/*=&)4#'=0'%S
+6*=&0=0'#(#0"*5)9#"#%""%*4,*j*N6>%96#'E*#9*6*&6()*'0"*50,=*k*[690&'*?,%*M0$6&#"6E
9,#E*6*&%(%",*96*9%b0"^*'d6==9#?,%*3)96'*f*>%6,50,=*(&0=*4%*'96-%,&'*?,#*"d%"*F#"#&0"(
C6-6#'*4%*F6#&%*4,*'0,'*&6=*0,*4,*-6,$6#'*N0"'6&4*%"*"0,'*&%''%&$6"(*%"50&%*%(
(0,C0,&'*9%'*-l-%'*59#53)'*=0)(#?,%'*c*4%*F6#(E*#9*%g#'(%*,"*'96-*F0&-6()E*-0,*%(
50"'%"',%9*?,#*%'(*f*-#99%*9#%,%'*4%*96*=&0=0'#(#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*q*-6#'*#9*%g#'(%*6,''#
,"*'96-*4%*?,69#()*?,#*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%E*=6&*-0-%"('E*'0,(%"#&*96*50-=6&6#'0"*6$%5
96*90]04/"6-#?,%*(%99%*?,%*=&6(#?,)%*=6&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
OKVKUK&j*9#2)&)=(<5231%&%(&%1:<#)2%
B%*?,#*%'(*5%&(6#"E*5d%'(*?,%*>#%"*=%,*4d6,(%,&'*0"(*&),''#*f*-%((&%*9%*96"]6]%*%"*-0,$%-%"(
50-#?,%* %(* 6-0,&%,g* c* "0(&%* -#"#H9#'(%E* (0,(%* =%&'0""%99%* [?,0#?,%* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(
)59%5(#?,%Ê*=0,&&6#(*l(&%*#5#*D*B)9#"%E*+6>#53%E*Z%/4%6,E*<6'569E*<6]"09E*P6((#E*:90/E*I09#.&%E
I6g* G650>E* +6* Z0"(6#"%E* `%&3%]]%"E* 7&(6,4E* N65#"%E* `#6"E* `09(6#&%E* 86"* 7"(0"#0E* 864%
%(*ˆ%&0,65*=0,&*9d6"]96#'*[46"'*H&A$*9'>$7S'<:#&/E*5%96*'%->9%*)$#4%"(^S*<6&9%&*4d6,(&%'
6,(%,&'* '%&6#(* =0,&* "0,'* -%"(#&E* '"0>* 0,* "0"* &)%99%-%"(* )=&0,$)* H* "0(0"'* %"50&%* 9%
56'* 4%'* -#&6]%'E* 5%9,#* 4%'* F6,''%'* 69%&(%'* 46"'* 9%'* u0"%'* 4%* :&056* [5FS* 7"]0(E* K4%&"H
J699#%&^*%(*)$0?,0"'*',&(0,(*4d6,(&%'*F0&-%'*4d%g=&%''#0"'*56&*%"F#"*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*9%
4)>,(* 4%* Q&/&);9$)' @90/E* 9%'* 4#690],%'* 4%* I#53%9* 7,4#6&4E* 9%'* 536"'0"'* '~#"],)%'* 4%
2&%"%(*0,*4%*:&6''%"'*%(*5%&(6#"'*'n%(53%'*4%'*R"50"",'*=&)'%"(%"(*4d)$#4%"(%'*?,69#()'
90]04/"6-#?,%'S
R9* /* 6* 90]04/"6-#?,%* ?,6"4* 0"* 6* 9d#-=&%''#0"* [',>C%5(#$%* h^* ?,%* 96* $#6"4%* 'd%'(
%g=&#-)%E*?,%*96"],%*%(*$#6"4%*'%*'0"(*-#'%'*%"*>&6"9%E*%"*-0,$%-%"(*c*5d%'(*f*5365,"
@VW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
4%*&%''%"(#&*[0,*=6'^*5%((%*)"%&]#%E*5%((%*$#'*&/(3-#56E*4%*9d)=&0,$%&*46"'*'6*536#&*q*0,*4%
=6''%&*'0"*53%-#"S*:&%FE*0"*=%,(*$0#&*M0$6&#"6*50--%*,"*=&0F%''%,&*4%*90]04/"6-#?,%E*,"
j*=&0F%''%,&*%"*N/(3-%*k*[`SaSE*=S*QAÊ*9%*j*'6$0#&*&/(3-#?,%*k*4%*9d65(%,&*50-#?,%*F6#'6"(
9%*&%'(%S*R9*"0,'*6#4%*f*'6$0#&*'#*96*96"],%*=6&9%E*6*=6&9)*q*7*=6&9)*%'(*(&.'*&6&%S*+,#*9%*4#(
"0(6--%"(*=0,&*7&(6,4E*:0'',%(E*I646-%*P,/0"E*<6'569E*7-0'*%(*+0,#'*4%*Z,".'*-6#'
@A@
#9*)$0?,%*6,''# *j*<).(.?.87&'4%*P6&"#%&E*9%'*-/.#?&/*%(*9%'*)5&#('*4%*B#"]&#6*kS
7*9d0&#]#"%*4%*5%((%*)"%&]#%*90]04/"6-#?,%E*#9*=%,(*/*6$0#&*,"%*F0&-%*4%*509.&%*[5d)(6#(
,"*=%,*9%*56'E*'%->9%H(H#9E*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87B*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*4&'<.=$:'(&/'**:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/^*D*53%u*B)9#"%E*53%u*:90/*%(*=6&F0#'*53%u*7&(6,4E*5d%'(*%"50&%*=9,'*)$#4%"(S
I6#'*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*5d%'(*=9,(s(*6$%5*96*C0#%*?,%*'%*50"F0"4*9d6&(*90]04/"6-#?,%S*7,*F0"4E
j*90]04/"6-#?,%*k*"d6*?,d,"*'%,9*'/"0"/-%E*%(*5d%'(*D*%,=30&#%S
RK&?/%&:<2$#-#:<2%&E52-%&%/&$*/01%&)=(<5231%
RKOK&,*$$*(2#/&%(&4*()*-2%
K"*F6#(E*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*'d6==6&%"(%*',&(0,(E*-6#'*4%*F6b0"*)(&6"]%*%(*9)].&%-%"(
#"?,#)(6"(%E*f*96*50-=(#"%*=0,&*%"F6"('S*7=&.'*'dl(&%*#--%&])*46"'*5%((%*r,$&%*%"*)50,(6"(
=6&*%g%-=9%*9%'*%"&%]#'(&%-%"('*4d7"4&)*I6&50"*[5FS*4538"#$I7#(&E*%(5SÊ*0"*=0,&&6*-l-%
'%*',&=&%"4&%*f*=6&9%&*9%*"0$6&#"#%"*%"*,(#9#'6"(*9%*-l-%*&/(3-%*4%*=3&6'%*D*5d%'(*4#&%*96
F0&5%*4%*5%((%*96"],%E*9#)%*40"5E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*f*,"%*F0&-%*4d%"F6"5%S*Kg=9#?,6"(*5%*?,%
'#]"#F#%*j*96996(#0"*k*[5Fk*!"*]6u0,#99#'*#"F6"(#9%*4#(*,"*4#5(#0""6#&%S*!"*6,(&%*4#(*D*)-#''#0"
$0569%*'6"'*#"(%"(#0"*%g=&%''#$%*53%u*9%*"0,&&#''0"t*=&%-#.&%*F0&-%*4%*='%,40H96"]6]%
40"(* 96* F0&-%* 4)9#&6"(%* f* 9dp]%* 64,9(%* %'(* 96* ]90''0-6"#%* k^* 46"'* ,"* 6&(#59%* #"(#(,9)* j* +%
@A1
=6&64#'*=6&9)*k E*Z&6"b0#'*O0-#"#?,%*50"'(6(%*D
Les comptines conservent des traces de lallation sous la forme de kyrielles
syllabiques ; ce sont les comptines dites « avec allitérations, jeux phonétiques
et mots sauvages ». […] Comme le dit bien un pédiatre, la lallation infantile est
« entre le langage et le lait », dans le plaisir circulaire de ressasser quelques
syllabes : labalama, lebeleme, lobolomo…, séquences hyper labialisées qui
provoquent une jouissance phonétique. Ainsi, la première magie enfantine serait
liée au fait de s’entendre bredouiller. Là se trouve la langue adamique. Je n’ai pas
dit « innocente », car le retour vers cette origine mobilise la connaissance, l’appel
aux langues dites « étrangères » ; ainsi, dans Le Jardin de reconnaissance,
quand le Bonhomme de terre invoque « l’énergie enfantine », la Voix d’Ombre lui
répond : « Le locassier puterle ; la coquelionne dandrule ; la bruse bibrionne ;
la frousette lujarde ; le huppelin asp’asp’ ; le féjard goguinne ; le golion hulète ;
la polypse ouinte ; le pétassier carquignolle ; l’hypolobe frouit ; la vardasse
cyclauque ; le malibroche flûtiote… »
@AQ
<9,'*90#"*46"'*9%*-l-%*6&(#59% *Z&6"b0#'*O0-#"#?,%*)(6>9#&6*,"%*50&&%'=0"46"5%*6$%5
9%'* F6(&6'#%'* -)4#)$69%'* %(* 5#(%&6* 5%99%H5#E* 4%* <3#9#==%* 4%* :%6,-6"0#&* D* j* +%* ]&6'* 4d,"
=0,9%(*\*I6"]%6*6,*>&0,%(*\*<0"(*%(*$%&>%&#%*\*+%*>%5*4d,"*50?,%9%(*\*K-=0&(6#(*'6"'*=9%(*\
20,(%*96*M0&-6"4#%*kS*+d%g%-=9%*%'(*>#%"*530#'#*c*0"*/*&%(&0,$%*9d#"50"]&,#()E*9d)"0&-#()*[5FS
@A@
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*+dJ0--%*30&'*4%*9,#*kE*=&0=0'*&%5,%#99#'*=6&*G%6"HI6&#%*230-6''%6,E*C#)9%&B'0=S*5#(SE*=S*@T1S
@A1
**Z&6"b0#'*O0-#"#?,%E*j*+%*=6&64#'*=6&9)*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/*(#*;&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*VVS
**3=$(E*=S*@A@S
@AQ
@VX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*K-=0&(%&*96*M0&-6"4#%*k^*%(*9%'*%FF%('*4%*50"(&6'(%*f*9dr,$&%*53%u*M0$6&#"6*H*4%*-l-%
?,%*9d#4)%*4%*j*-6"]%&#%*k\*j*$%&>%&#%*k*',&*96?,%99%*"0,'*&%$#%"4&0"'S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 96* j* 536"'0"* 4%* G%6""0(* 6,g* 65(#0"'
50-#?,%'*k*[&%=&#'%*6,g*=6]%'*QVHWAHW@*4%*4568$?.:'(#'7&?%/^*50-=0&(%"(*4%'*)9)-%"('
',&&)69#'(%'*?,#*&%C0#]"%"(*,"*=%,*9d3,-0,&*f*9dr,$&%*46"'*9%'*F6(&6'#%'*4,*I0/%"*7]%*D
Et sur les bas que mon grand-père de laine M’a tricoté avant d’mourir violet Le
brave cher homme est mort d’une migraine Tenant un os dans sa bouche de
poulet
RKRK&?/&'E"*$*0%&%/()%&$*&4#)5%&%(&$%&4#/'
86"'* =6&9%&* F0&5)-%"(* 4d,"%* =6&%"()* =0''#>9%* 6$%5* 9d3,-0,&* 6>',&4%* 4%'* F6(&6'#%'E* 9%
&/(3-%*4%*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*%'(*40"5*'0,$%"(*5%9,#E*6-,'6"(E*C0/%,gE*9#>&%*%(*#"'09%"(E
4d,"%*C09#%*50-=(#"%*=0,&*%"F6"('S*<0,&(6"(E*5%*?,#*"0,'*%'(*4#(*%'(*=6&F0#'*%FF&6/6"(E*(%&&#>9%E
5&,%9*%(*%g(&60&4#"6#&%-%"(*$#09%"(S
B0,&6"(*46"'*9%'*F#9-'*4d30&&%,&*50--%*5%,g*4d7&]%"(0*[C)./&+&.(*4%*+/"53E*Q9/&
H.)S'=.=S*4%*<096"'n#*0,*K+$8$80*4%*ˆ,>&#nÊ*5%*=&05)4)*=%&-%((6"(*,"*%FF%(*4%*50"(&6'(%
(0,(*f*F6#(*-0"'(&,%,g*[$0#&%*]&0(%'?,%E*-0&(#F.&%*%(*'6#'#''6"(^*%'(*6,''#*,"*=&05)4)*=9%#"
4d#&0"#%* ?,#* $#'%* f* =&0$0?,%&* "0(&%* &#&%* q* 9%* &#&%* =0,$6"(* l(&%* 9#)* f* 9d%FF%(* 4%* &)=)(#(#0"* %(
6,g*&%(0,&'*#"5%''6"('*4%'*&#(0,&"%99%'*%"*?,%'(#0"S*B%96*'d6==9#?,%*40"5*(0,(*f*F6#(*6,*&#&%
=&0$0?,)*=6&*9%*"0$6&#"#%"*c*0"*&#(*-6#'*96*=%,&*%'(*9fE*'0,&4%E*(6=#%S*K"*&#6"(*[$(&?*=0,&
864%*%(*B)9#"%Ê*0"*'%*4)F%"4*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*50"(&%*96*=%,&*?,d0"*=%,(*&%''%"(#&S
7#"'#*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*D*'#*9d6#&*%'(*C09#E*96*536"'0"*&%'(%*-0&>#4%*D*j*G%*"%
(&0,$%* &#%"* ?,#* -d6#99%* D* 7,&#%uH$0,'* ,"* 5%&5,%#9* f* -6* (6#99%* k* [=S* TQ^S* 7* 96* =6]%* W1WE* 0"
)$0?,%&6*9%*4%,#9*4d,"*=&053%*4d,"%*F6b0"*=6&640g69%-%"(*%"C0,)%*D
7'H(,*]6&)*"0(&%*5646$&%*46"'*9%*]6&6]%*0o*"0(&%*F#9'*>&,(69*'d%'(*=%"4,*h*|t}*G%6"H
+0,#'*?,#*F#"#(*6$%5*96*-0&(E*30,&&6*m*Z6#'*96*-0&(*6$%5*(%'*40#]('*D*96*$0#5#S*J#%&*Cd6#*)()*6>6((,
=6&*96*(&#'(%*"0,$%99%S
R5#E*96*=0#"(%*"0,'*=6&6w(*(&.'*4&s9%*56&*6=&.'*j*Cd6#*)()*6>6((,*=6&*96*(&#'(%*"0,$%99%*kE*0"
6*=&%'?,%*%"$#%*4d6C0,(%&*j*0"*"%*9%*4#&6#(*=6'*k*D*4%*F6#(E*'#*96*-0&(*%'(*9f*[5FS*j*5646$&%*kE
j* =%"4,* kE* %(5S^* E* 96* C0#%* 9d%'(* 6,''#E* 46"'* ,"%* %g596-6(#0"* 50--%* j* 30,&&6* m* k* [.' %)$9)$
4)=965)%* 46"'* ,"* (%9* 50"(%g(%^* -6#'* 6,''#* =6&* 9%* (0"* %(* 9%* &/(3-%* ])")&69S* 7* 96* =6]%
1QTE* 5%* '%&6* ,"%* 5099#'#0"* -0&(%99%* [%"(&%* j* ,"* 6,(0-0>#9#%&* 4%* (&0#'#.-%* 596''%* k* %(* ,"
j*6,(053(0"%*'#g#.-%*596''%*'6"'*=%&-#'*k^*?,#*"0,'*'%&6*50-#?,%-%"(*&650"()%S*K"*],#'%
4d)=#(6=3%E*9%'*-%->&%'*4%*96*F6-#99%*4%*j*N0>%&(H9%HN0>%*kE*j*#--)4#6(%-%"(*50"'09)%*kE
F0"(*j*]&6$%&*',&*9%,&'*6''#%((%'*D*j*B%5#*6*9#%,*=%"46"(*?,%*9%'*,"'*-6"]%"(*%(*9f*0o*9%'
6,(&%'*'%*4)'%'=.&%"(S*<6''6"(E*&%]6&4%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*(0"*6''#%((%*kS*B%*?,#*%'(
$6],%-%"(*#"?,#)(6"(E*5d%'(*40"5*6,''#*96*9)].&%()*4,*(0"*,(#9#')*%(*9d#"5&0/6>9%*4)'#"$09(,&%
4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*D
As-tu rangé notre cadavre près du même local où notre fils s’est électrocuté par
mégarde ? Et si tu sais que c’est oui, donne en même temps son chiffre, son
nombre et sa raison, et la force du voltage.(C.H. ; p. 449).
K"F#"E*?,%*j*+0,=E*/*%'H(,*hk*'0#(*&%(&6$6#99)*f*96*=6]%*U1*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[5FS*j*G0,&E
/*%'H(,*h*k^*'%->9%*#"4#?,%&*?,%*M0$6&#"6*"d0,>9#%*C6-6#'*$&6#-%"(*96*50-=(#"%*=0,&*%"F6"('
%(* ?,d%99%* 9d#"'=#&%* =%,(Hl(&%* -l-%* =6&F0#'S* a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* f* 96* =6]%* @UA* 4%* 4.' >+.$)
(&' :5+9??&E* 0"* 6,&6* ,"%* ')&#%* 4%* 50-=96#"(#"%'* -0&>#4%'* -%((6"(* %"* '5."%* 4%'* -0&('
F6"(0-6(#?,%'*D
@VT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Un soir un mort, dit à son corps, n’y tenant plus : Dis-moi, si je dors – ou si tu
as tort – de me voir plus. Un jour un mort – se trompant d’corps, vit un vivant
le poursuivant : Toi qui es plus là – quand j’y suis pas, est-ce que est-ce que tu
t’sens ? – bien mieux qu’avant ?
;"*=6''%&6*f*,"%*6-,'6"(%*$6&#6(#0"*0o*9d0"*C0,%&6*',&*96*=&0g#-#()*=30")(#?,%*%"(&%*9%'
-0('*j*=0&5*k*%(*j*-0&(*k*-6#'*9%*'%"'*[j*B#H]w(*kE*j*4#(*50,65*k^*&%'(%&6*(0,(*f*F6#(*-0&>#4%*D
j*!"*'0#&*,"*=0&5E*'%"(6"(*'0"*(0&(E*4#(*6,*50530"*D*K'H(,*B#H]w(*h*q*O#'H-0#E*'#*C%*'0&'E*0,*'#
(,*'#]"%'*D*G%6"*?,#*4#(*50,65*kS*O%*-l-%E*0"*=6&9%&6*50-#?,%-%"(*4d,"%*-6964#%*?,#*4,&%
(0,(%*96*'%-6#"%E*(0,(%*9d6"")%*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*(0,(%*96*$#%*D*j*+%*C0,&*-6964%E*=&#"(%-='*'6964%
q*3#$%&*-6&&0"*q*I%&5&%4#*",#(E*'6-%4#*6,''#E*#(0,*-6&4#*k*[=S*1UA^S
RKUK&[&J*--%)&'*/-&$P*1()%&5#/'%&%/&)=(<5%&\
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* 0"* "d%'(* C6-6#'* (&.'* 90#"* 4%* 96* 536"'0"S* +%'* 65(%,&'* 9%* '6$%"(E* ?,#* '%
96"5%"(*-l-%*=6&F0#'*%(*$0"(*40"5*C,'?,df*=0,''%&*96*536"'0""%((%S*R9*%'(*$&6#*?,%E*4,*=0#"(
4%*$,%*4d,"*50-)4#%"E*96*?,%'(#0"*'%*=0'%*4%*536"(%&*0,*=6'E*',&(0,(*4%$6"(*4%'*=3&6'%'
50--%*j*+%*-6(#"*-l-%*4%*-%'*'0&(#%'E*'09%#9*5%''6*%(*F#(*]&6"4*>&,#(*k*[`SaSE*=S*@T^S*7
5%(*)]6&4E*#9*"0,'*=6&6w(*(&.'*&)$)96(%,&*?,%*Z&6"5%*B,9(,&%*6#(*F6#(*6==%9*f*O6"#%9*_"/n*=0,&
5%&(6#"'*-0-%"('*536"()'*4d,"%*646=(6(#0"*&64#0=30"#?,%*4%*4.'@$;$8&'>9?I($&E*r,$&%
?,#E*50--%*9%'*>.879/*4%*<0,"4*[?,#*'d%"*#"'=#&%*4d6#99%,&'*>%6,50,=Ê*%'(*50-=0')%*4%
536"('*D*#9*'d6]#''6#(*4%*=&%"4&%*9%*-0(*j*536"(*k*6,*=#%4*4%*96*9%((&%*%(*40"5*4%*536"(%&
[#",(#9%*4%*4#&%*?,%*O6"#%9*_"/n*F,(*=6&F6#(^S
Bd%'(* ?,%* 9%'* 65(%,&'* '0"(* 9f* =0,&* "0,'* F6#&%* =6&* 9%* 536"(* >6'5,9%&* 46"'* ,"%* 6,(&%
4#-%"'#0"* c* #9'* "0,'* F0"(* j* =6''%&* 46"'* 9d6,(&%* -0"4%* %"* &/(3-%* k* [;SNSE* =S* @11Ê* 5%5#
%"*j*96#''6"(*9%,&*536"5%*k*f*4%'*=3&6'%'*?,#*40#$%"(*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%*j*536"(%&*(0,(%'
'%,9%'*kE*,"*=%,*50--%*0"*=&05.4%*=0,&*4#&%*9d69%g6"4&#"*D*j*+6*-,'#?,%*%'(*%"*6$6"(*4%*96
=%"')%*%(*9%'*-0('*'0"(*50--%*4%'*4)'*?,#*&0,9%"(*%(*?,#*(&0,$%"(*k*[<SISE*=S*LA^S*Md0,>9#0"'
=6'*?,d#5#*(0,(*%'(*=&)$,*=0,&*l(&%*4#(*',&*'5."%S*R9*/*6*50--%*[h^*4,*'65&)*9fH4%''0,'*D
j*+%*&/(3-%*%(*96*&#-%*'0"(*4%'*(%53"#?,%'*4#$#"6(0#&%'S*<6'*4%'*0&"%-%"('*kS*[<SISE*=S*LA^S
O%*F6#(E*"0,'*"%*'0--%'*=6'*4%$6"(*4%*$6#"'*0&"%-%"('E*4%$6"(*9%'*j50-=(#"%'*50-=(6"(
=0,&*&#%"*k*)$0?,)%'*f*96*F#"*4%*F&'/#$/*[=S*@VL^S*7*(&6$%&'*5%*(/=%*4%*50-=(#"%*50--%*f
(&6$%&'*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*C%,*4d65(%,&E*#9*'d6]#(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%E*50--%*0"*9d6*4)Cf*4#(E*4%
=6''%&*46"'*9d6,(&%*-0"4%*[9d6,H4%9f*h*9%*=6&64#'*h*9%*C6&4#"*4%'*4)9#5%'*h^*%"*&/(3-%t
O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/E*9%'*50-=(#"%'*=0,&&0"(*6,''#*6$0#&E*-69]&)*9d3,-0,&
50"(%",*46"'*5%&(6#"%'*=0#"(%'E*4%'*655%"('*4)'%'=)&)'*c*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*?,%E*46"'*5%*9#$&%E
5d%'(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*f*5%*?,#*-6"?,%*?,%*9d0"*'d64&%''%*D
Sans toi je vais pas bien : J’erre de travers soir et matin. J’aime ton regard de
velours, Tes six grands yeux qui pissent l’amour. (p. 69).
I69]&)* 9%* 5s()* (0&46"(* 4%* 96* 53,(%* F#"69%E* #9* /* 6* =%,(Hl(&%* #5#* 50--%* ,"* 5&#* f* 96* I,"53E
,"*5&#*4)'%'=)&)*%g=&#-6"(*,"%*6"]0#''%E*,"*-696#'%E*,"*4)'6&&0#S*B%((%*?,l(%*(&6]#?,%
4d6,(&,#H9%H50&='*[56&*5d%'(*%"*F6#(*6,''#*%(*',&(0,(*4%*'0#*?,d#9*'d6]#(^*'d%g=&#-%*40"5*=6&F0#'
'0,'*96*F0&-%*4%*50-=(#"%'*\*50-=96#"(#"%'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*6-,'6"(%'*[5%*?,#*=%,(*=6&6w(&%
36,(%-%"(*=6&640g69^*-l-%*'#*96*=&)'%"(6(#0"*[5FS*?,6(&6#"'E*&#-%'*#--)4#6(%-%"(*$#'#>9%'E
%(5S^*%(*9%*',C%(*q*46"'*9%*56'*?,#*',#(E*=%,(Hl(&%*D*96*(%"(6(#0"*4%*9d695009#'-%*[5FS*j*5#&&30'%*k
%(*j*$#5(0#&%*4%*-6*'0#F*',&*9%'*530'%'*k^*F0"5(#0""6"(*50--%*,"*&%F,]%E*j*|(0,(*)(6"(}*4&0],%
f*?,#*530#'#(*=0,&*$#$&%*9d6,(&%*5s()*k*[($A$7*I#536,g^*q*"%*&%9.$%"(*=6'*4,*(0,(*4%*96*50-=(#"%
0&4#"6#&%*D*jq*7*?,#*(,*>0#'E*(0#*?,#*53%&53%*Z69>696*h*7*?,#*>0#'H(,*h*\*q*7*96*$#%*%(*f*(0,(*5%
?,#*'d%"',#(*m*f*-6*5#&&30'%*m*f*96*$#5(0#&%*4%*-6*'0#F*',&*9%'*530'%'*m*kS
@VU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
RKVK&,P*)(&'%&$*&:#2/(%&%(&'%&$*&:2)#1%((%
R9*/*6*6,''#*46"'*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*,"%*'0&(%*4d#"'09%"5%*%(*4d#&0"#%*?,#*&6==%99%*,"*=%,
9d)=#]&6--%*q*-l-%*'#*9d)=#]&6--%*f*96*]&%5?,%*"d6*=6'*(0,C0,&'*5%((%*$#')%S*B%96*4#(E*5d%'(
',&(0,(*9%*=&05)4)*'(/9#'(#?,%*4#(*4%*96*=0#"(%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*'%->9%*%-=&,"(%&*f*9d)=#]&6--%S
B%((%*=0#"(%E*,"*=%,*50--%*9%*50,&(*50--%"(6#&%*5)9#"#%"*6"69/')*=6&*J%"&#*P046&4*$0#&%
5%&(6#"%'* F#"'* 4%* "0,$%99%'* 4dK4]6&* <0%E* 5%&(6#"'* 50"(%'* u%"* %(* >#%"* 'z&* 9%'* >96],%'* 4%
F6b0"* ])")&69%E* =%&-%(* 4%* &)#"(%&=&)(%&* (0,(* 5%* ?,#* =&)5.4%* %(* 4%* 9%* 50"'#4)&%&* 4d,"* r#9
"%,F*D*j*2,*'%"'*96*4,"%E*9%*'09%#9*F#g%E*96*$#%*'6"'*0->&%E*9%*536-%6,*f*=%&=)(,#()S*k*[;SNSE
=S* WL^S* <&)5#'0"'* 5%=%"46"(* ?,%* 9%* =6''6]%* 4%* M0$6&#"6* &%9.$%* 46$6"(6]%* 4%* 96* -#"#H
04%*',&&)69#'(%*[$0#&%*4%*96*F6(&6'#%*-)4#)$69%^*?,%*4%*9d)=#]&6--%*f*96*I6&(#69E*'d6"5&6"(
>%6,50,=*=9,'*46"'*9%*&)%9*[5FS*=#?,%'E*6((6?,%'*.(*+9?$8&?E*=&0=0'*4)'0>9#]%6"('E*C0#%'
'#-=9%'*4%*96*$#%E*%(5S^S
+%* =&#"5#=%* 4%* 96* =0#"(%* '%* &%(&0,$%&6* 46"'* 96* -6"#.&%* 0&#]#"69%* 40"(* '%* 50"59,%"(
5%&(6#"%'* 9#'(%'* f* (&6$%&'* (0,(* ,"* C%,* 5056''%* 6$%5* j* %(5* k* ?,#* '%->9%* #5#* -)96"])* f
j*$)()&6"'*k*[I6((6E*9,#E*6$6#(*=%"')*f*j*%(5H)5&6>9%*k^*0,*690&'*6''05#)*f*9d#4)%*4d,"%*65(#$#()
$0#&%*4d,"*-)(#%&*50--%*46"'*j*%(56%()&#'(%*k*[$(&?*=0,&*j*!"*=0#"(E*5d%'(*(0,(*m*k^*D*j*%(
ˆ)()&6"*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1AL^*%(*j*,"*=0#"(H(0,(#'(%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QAU^S*N3)(0&#?,%-%"(*=6&96"(E*0"
=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*6==%9%&*5%5#*?,%,%'*4%*50-.(%'*0,*F9.53%'*4,*<6&(3%S*+6*=0#"(%\53,(%*4%
96*9#'(%*6,g*0#'%6,g*4,*F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*'%&6*,"%*4%'*=9,'*'=%5(65,96#&%'*D*6=&.'
(6"(*4%*")090]#'-%'*%(*4%*$%&>%'*#"$%"()'E*0"*9#&6*j*9d30--%*>9l-#(*kE*5%*?,#*&%$#%"(*=%,(H
l(&%*f*4#&%*?,%*9d30--%*j*'d%g=&#-%*=6&*96*-0&(*k*c*'d#9*>9l-#(E*5d%'(*?,d#9*'6#(*?,d#9*$6*-0,&#&
%(*5%96*9%*4#'(#"],%*4%'*0#'%6,g*[4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%E*5d%'(*-l-%*,"*j*0#'%6,*-69*F6#(*k^S
O6"'*,"%*6,(&%*=0#"(%*[GSNSE*=S*LAÊ*j*+d;,&'*4%*96*Z#)$&6#"%*"%*$0,'*%"(%"4*=9,'*kE*96
-0&(*'%->9%*50"'0--)%E*96*=3&6'%*'d6==6&%"(6"(*f*96*F0&-,9%*504)%*4d,"*6$#6(%,&*6996"(
'd)5&6'%&*6,*'09S*7,(&%*%g%-=9%E*=,#')*46"'*4.'K*G8&*[=S*@WU^*D*j*a,%*5%,g*?,#*0"(*4%'
/%,g*9%'*0,$&%"(E*?,%*5%,g*?,#*0"(*4%'*0&%#99%'*%"(%"4%"(E*?,%*5%,g*?,#*0"(*4%'*C6->%'*9%'
=&%""%"(*f*9%,&*50,*m*kS
RKcK&,%&:)#9%)B%&+&1/%&-()1"(1)%&:)292$E02E%
RKcKOK&?/%&"%)(*2/%&4#)"%&'P*442)5*(2#/
I6#'*9%*&/(3-%*%"*?,%'(#0"*=&05.4%*40"5*%"*F6#(*6,''#*%(*',&(0,(*4,*=&0$%&>%*F&6"b6#'S*M0,'
=&)F)&0"'*=&)5#'%&*eF&6"b6#'e*56&*#9*'%->9%*?,%*9%*])"#%*4d,"%*96"],%*'d%g=&#-%*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&
46"'*'%'*=&0$%&>%'*q*96*(&64,5(#0"E*-l-%*&),''#%E*"d)(6"(*?,d,"*=#'H699%&S*7$6"(*4d699%&*=9,'
90#"E*5)40"'*96*=965%*f*,"*'=)5#69#'(%E*796#"*N%/*[f*?,#*9d6,(%,&*4%-6"4%*4%*F6#&%*%"(&%&*,"
C0,&*9%*-0(*ZI8[/&*46"'*9%*N0>%&(Ê*?,#*'6,&6*-#99%*F0#'*-#%,g*?,%*"0,'*4#&%*%g65(%-%"(
%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*5%((%*(&64#(#0"*3)96'*"0"*$&6#-%"(*&%50"4,#(%*q*'6,F*=6&*5%&(6#"'*)5&#$6#"'
[40"(*M0$6&#"6*'%->9%*F6#&%*=6&(#%^*D
Défini par le linguiste et le poéticien comme une phrase structurée par des lois
formelles et rhétoriques (il est lapidaire, rythmé, allitéré, etc.) par le sémanticien
comme un énoncé « à armature symétrique » caractérisé par un système
d’oppositions, le proverbe n’est pas encore suffisamment cerné. […]. Malgré
d’évidentes différences culturelles, tous les proverbes ont en commun un type de
contenu. Leurs assertions sont générales ou généralisables, ce que marque en
français l’emploi d’articles définis (« Quand LE chat n’est pas là… »), l’absence
d’articles (« Bon chien chasse de race »), l’usage d’autres déterminants (« Tel
@VL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
maître, tel valet »). Ils concernent des catégories logiques simples (implication,
exclusion, etc.). Quand il n’affirme pas (utilisant alors un verbe au présent ou
effaçant le verbe, pour marquer l’absence de temps historique), le proverbe
conseille ou ordonne, utilisant l’impératif, la forme « il faut », etc. […] tout
proverbe exprime une logique du jugement (par oppositions) […]. Comme toutes
les productions collectives de discours (contes, mythes, récits, comptines,
blagues et jeux de toute sorte), ils n’existent que par leurs emplois vivants.
Et c’est pourquoi nous nous interrogeons en vain sur l’essence, la qualité,
la beauté, la signification sociale du proverbe, si nous oublions qu’il s’agit
104
aujourd’hui, pour nous, d’un grand malade, d’un moribond.
@AX
K"*"0(% *796#"*N%/*6C0,(%&6*D*j*a,d#9*'0#(*=&0=6]6"4#'(%*0,*=,>9#5#(6#&%E*9%*'90]6"E*-69]&)*'6
=6&%"()*F0&-%99%E*'%*4#'(#"],%*4,*=&0$%&>%*=6&*9%'*#"(%"(#0"'*%(*',&(0,(*=6&*9%*F0"5(#0""%-%"(
'05#69S* k* c* #9* F6,4&6* "0,'* %"* '0,$%"#&* 90&'?,%* "0,'* )$0?,%&0"'* =9,'* (6&4* ()9)$#'#0"* %(
=,>9#5#()t
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*5%((%*50&&%'=0"46"5%*%"(&%*=&0$%&>%*F&6"b6#'*%(*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%
'6,(%*6,g*/%,g*?,6"4*5%&(6#"'*-0,9%'*'/"(6g#?,%'*50"",'*'0"(*&)#"$%'(#'E*&),(#9#')'*c*5d%'(
9%*56'*4%*D*j*2&6C%(*'#*50,&(*%"*9#%,*'#*50"*-)&#(%*-l-%*=6'*4dl(&%*)$0?,)S*k*[:SBSOSE*=S
1WT^S*O6"'*5%*4%&"#%&*%g%-=9%E*#9*"%*'%*4)]6]%*=6'*'=)5#69%-%"(*4%*-0&69%*=9,'*0,*-0#"'
#-=9#5#(%*q*0,*690&'*>%5n%((#%""%E*',&*9%*56&65(.&%*4)&#'0#&%*4%*9d%g#'(%"5%*3,-6#"%*q*-6#'
96*'/"(6g%*%(*9%*&/(3-%*=%,$%"(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*&6==%9%&*5%,g*4d,"*=&0$%&>%S
M0(0"'*%"50&%*9d6>'%"5%*4d6&(#59%E*%(*',&(0,(*96*F0&5%*4d6FF#&-6(#0"E*4%*=%&5,''#0"*4%*5%
(/=%*4d)"0"5)*c*9d%FF%(*&%53%&53)*%'(E*50--%*=0,&*,"*=&0$%&>%E*4%*F6#&%*=6''%&*9d#4)%*?,%
9%'*530'%'*'0"(*6#"'#*%(*=6'*6,(&%-%"(E*4d)4#F#%&*%"F#"E*4%*-6&?,%&*9%'*%'=&#('S*B%96*&%C0#"(
9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*F0&5%*?,%*4)]6]%*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%S
RKcKRK&C<*:%$%(-&'%&:)#9%)B%-&%(&N%1&*9%"&$*&&()*'2(2#/
+%*C%,*6$%5*96*(&64#(#0"*4,*=&0$%&>%*=%,(*50"5%&"%&*9%'*-0#'*4%*9d6"")%*q*j*%"*F)$&#%&E*-6,g
4%*=#%4'*k*[GS8SE*=S*@AV^*q*%(*9%*(%-='*?,d#9*F6#(*D*j*:%6,*(%-='*53%u*9%'*-0&('*&%-%(*(0,(
9%*-0"4%*4d6550&4*kS*+%'*(&6$6,g*4%'*536-='*"%*'0"(*=6'*0,>9#)'*50--%*46"'*9%*j*a,#
"d96>0,&%*=9,'*"d$6,(*=9,'*k*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'[=S*1Q^*0o*9d0"*$0#(*?,%*9d6=0'(&0=3%
#-=0&(%*=6&F0#'*6,(6"(*?,%*9d6=050=%*[5FS*j*C6-%*k^*4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*4,*&/(3-%S*O%*-l-%
96*F6-%,'%*=3&6'%*4dJ%"&#*RÈ*4d6#99%,&'*6,''#*=6&04#)%*=6&*:0>>/*+6=0#"(%*[5FS*j*7$6"#%
%(* F&6->0#'%* kE* %(5S^* %(* 4%$%",%* ',&(0,(* 9d)?,#$69%"(* 4d,"* $)&#(6>9%* 4#5(0"* %(* '(&,5(,&)%
50--%*(%9E*j*+6>0,&6]%*%(*=p(,&6]%*'0"(*9%'*4%,g*-6-%99%'*4%*96*Z&6"5%*kE*"0,'*=6&6w(
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*(&6"'=0')%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.*;$&*D*j*I656>&%&#%'*%(*590~"%&#%'E*$0#9f
9%'*4%,g*C,-%99%'*F#5%99%'*4,*5p>9%*?,#*-d6'=3/g#6*k*[=S*1AX^S
<0,&(6"(E*5d%'(*',&(0,(*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*?,%*9d0"*'%*&%"4*50-=(%*4%*9d6"690]#%
&/(3-#?,%* F0"46-%"(69%* %g#'(6"(* %"(&%* 9%'* =&0$%&>%'* [%(* 6,(&%'* 4#5(0"'^* 4%* 96* 96"],%
F&6"b6#'%*%(*9%'*=3&6'%'*4%*M0$6&#"6*4d,"%*F6b0"*])")&69%S*Bd%'(*?,%E*50--%*9%*F#&%"(*6$6"(
9,#* <)&%(\K9,6&4E* B)9#"%* 0,* a,%"%6,E* #9* %"* (&6"'F0&-%* 5%&(6#"'E* %"* 4)$%90==%* 4d6,(&%'* %(
'd6-,'%*6$%5*96*(&64#(#0"S*I6#'*46"'*9d%"'%->9%E*5%96*"%*'%*4)(653%*=6'*F0"46-%"(69%-%"(
4,*&%'(%*4%*5%*?,d#9*)5&#(*4d0&4#"6#&%E*,"*=%,*50--%*'#*96*'(&,5(,&%*4,*=&0$%&>%*'d)(6#(*#"F,')
46"'*9%*'(/9%*-l-%*[',&(0,(*46"'*9%'*=3&6'%'*50,&(%'^*q*9%*(69%"(*4%*9d6,(%,&*50"'#'(6"(*=%,(H
l(&%*%"*=6&(#%*f*-%((&%*%"*&%96(#0"*4%'*')&#%'*4%*=&0$%&>%'*=0,&*%"*F6#&%*4%'*r,$&%'*[-6#'
104
&f-.+:&V%O?&/')X.<%&.#&\+<"+*::.+'%&$%&/'*A%'H%>&%"&$+<"*:>?&V*H%'"?&7*#'>?&01T6?&//F&8l?&8ll?&8lllF
@AX
**3=$(E*=S*iRRRS
@VV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
5%96* 'd6==9#?,%* 40"5* ',&(0,(* 6,* &/(3-%* %(* "0"* 6,* '%"'E* -l-%* '#* M0$6&#"6* %'(* =%,(Hl(&%
,"%*'0&(%*4%*5&/=(0H-0&69#'(%^S*O6"'*9%*56'*4%*5%'*=&0$%&>%'E*0"*=%,(*4#&%*?,%*9d6,(%,&*"%
F6#(*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*=6&9%&*96*<6&09%E*-6#'*?,d#9*F6#(*',&(0,(*=6&9%&*9%*F&6"b6#'*q*9#(()&69%-%"(E
#9* &%'','5#(%* -l-%* ,"* 4%* '%'* =9,'* >%6,g* F9%,&0"'S* <0,&(6"(E* #9* 'd6]#(* %"(&%* 6,(&%'E* '6"'
40,(%E*4%*F6#&%*&#&%*=6&*9d#"50"]&,#()*4%'*=&0$%&>%'*=&0=0')'E*?,%*5%,gH5#*'0#%"(*4%'*=6&04#%'
)$#4%"(%'*4%*=&0$%&>%'*4)Cf*%g#'(6"('E*0,*4%'*4#5(0"'*',&]#'*4%*",99%*=6&(t
7* 96* =6]%* WX* 4%* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&E* 9%* =&0$%&>%* j* 2%9* ?,#* &#(* '6-%4#E* 4#-6"53%
=9%,&%&6*k*'%->9%*F6#&%*9d0>C%(*4%*=9,'#%,&'*-,(6(#0"'*D*j*2%9*?,#*'6-%4#*40""%*'0#F*6,*&6(E
4#-6"53%*'%*(6&#(S*kE*j*2%9*'%*4)"0,%*9,"4#E*-6&4#*'d6$0,%*?,d#9*6*=%"')*kE*j*2%9*?,#*C%,4#
&%-,%E*$%"4&%4#*'d%'(*(,)*kE*j*2%9*?,#*C%,4#*'d%'(*'0,$%",*?,%*"0,'*6$0"'*)()*C%,4#E*'6,(%
(&0#'*C0,&'*kE*4%&"#%&*=&0$%&>%*?,#E*&%-6&?,0"'H9%E*&%''%->9%*6,''#*>%6,50,=*f*,"%*&.]9%
4%* C%,* 4%* '05#)()S* j* 7* =.&%* 6$6&%E* F#9'* =&04#],%* k* '%->9%E* 9,#E* =0'')4%&E* 6=&.'* 9%* (&6$6#9
=6&04#?,%*%FF%5(,)*=6&*9d6,(%,&E*9%*-l-%*'%"'*[5d%'(*f*4#&%*9%*'(&#5(*50"(&6#&%^*?,%*j*2%9*=.&%E
(%9*F#9'*k*[$0#&%*j*+%'*536('*"%*F0"(*=6'*4%'*53#%"'*k^*=,#'?,d#9*4%$#%"(*j*7*F#9'*6$6&%E*=.&%
4,*-l-%*(,>%*k*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*q*=&0$%&>%*?,#*F6#(*,"*=%,*=%"46"(*f*5%9,#*?,#
4#(*j*7*-.&%*6$#4%E*=.&%*4,*-l-%*>96"5*k*[=S*WX^S
RKcKUK&]%()*9*2$&%(&:*)#'2%&
:%6,50,=* 4%* =&0$%&>%'* 50"",'* 50--%"b6"(* =6&* j* a,#* k* [50--%* j* a,#* $%,(* 699%&* 90#"
-)"6]%*'6*-0"(,&%*k^*'%&0"(*6,''#E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*=6&04#)'*=6&*M0$6&#"6*c*6#"'#*D*j*a,#
$6*'0"*(&6#"*6$69%*'0"*53%-#"*k*[BSJSE*=S*WX^S*a,6"(*f*j*a,#*$09%*,"*r,F*$09%*,"*>r,F*kE
#9*(&0,$%&6*#5#*,"%*'0&(%*4%*j*',#(%*k*50"5%&"6"(*9%*$09%,&*D*j*a,#*$09%*,"*$09%,&*$%,(*,"
-693%,&*k*[BSJSE*=S*WU^S
+6*'%"(%"5%*?,#*"0,'*'#]"#F#%*?,%*9d%"F%&*%'(*=6$)*4%*>0""%'*#"(%"(#0"'*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,(H
l(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*j*20,(%'*9%'*-%#99%,&%'*#"(%"(#0"'*4,*!-0"4%*4%$#%"4&0"(*4%'*#"'(&,-%"('
=%&-6"%"('*k*[BSJSE*=S*WX^*?,#*"%*$%,(*&#%"*4#&%*50--%*96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=&0$%&>%'*"0$6&#"#%"'E
5%'*4%&"#%&'*)(6"(*'0#(*50-=9.(%-%"(*6>',&4%'*'0#(*%g(&60&4#"6#&%-%"(*50-=9#?,)'*f*9d#-6]%
4%*j*a,#*$%,(*$0#&*40#(*5&0#&%*=0,&*5&0#&%*?,d#9*$0#(*c*-6#'*?,#*$%,(*5&0#&%*40#(*$0#&*=0,&*$0#&*5%
?,d#9*5&0#(*k*[=S*WUÊ*%(5S*<0,&(6"(E*#9*/*6*4%'*%g5%=(#0"'*D*j*86,F*9%*-.(&%*)(690"E*=%&'0""%*"%
'%*-%',&%*f*9d6,"%*4%*'0#H-l-%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WU^*%'(*,"*=&0$%&>%*5%&(%'*>#u6&&%*-6#'*=0,$6"(
'%*50-=&%"4&%*-69]&)*(0,(SSS
Od6,(&%'*F0&-,96(#0"'*0"(*,"*'%"'E*-6#'*f*?,0#*'d6==9#?,%"(H%99%'*6,*C,'(%*h*7#"'#*D*j*!"
>0"*-)4%5#"*"%*'0#]"%*=6'*?,%*4%*$,%*k*[=S*WUÊ*j*a,#*$#(*90"](%-='E*F%--%*&%-,%*k*[=S
WUÊ*j*G%6"*"%*536"]%*=6'*96*9,"%*'6"'*&6"5,"%*k*[=S*XA^S*<0,&*j*O6"'*$0(&%*F6&#"%E*(0,'*9%'
=#%&&0('*'0"(*4%*-l-%*50->#"%*k*[=S*WVÊ*96*=3&6'%*&%''%->9%*-0#"'*f*,"*=&0$%&>%*?,df
,"%*&)=9#?,%*-)(6=30&#?,%*4%*I#53%9*7,4#6&4E*,"*6,(&%*=0.(%*'%"'#>9%*6,g*&/(3-%'*%(*6,
'#9%"5%*%"(&%*9%'*=3&6'%'S
+6*&)F)&%"5%*>#>9#?,%*"d%'(*=6'*6>'%"(%*c*#5#E*5d%'(*4%*G)','*?,d#9*'d6]#(*D*j*2%9*?,#*-%,&(
6,*$%"4&%4#E*4#-6"53%*'0&(*(0->%6,*k*[=S*WU^S*O6"'*,"*-l-%*0&4&%*4d#4)%E*j*7#4%H(0#E*9%
5#%9*(d6#4%&6*k*=0,&&6#(*f*=%,*=&.'*[5FS*6#4%&\6#-%&^*'%*&%-=965%&*=6&*9d6FF#&-6(#0"*',#$6"(%*D
j*20,C0,&'*9d6-0,&*%'(*96*&0,%*4%*'%50,&'*4%*9d30--%E*'#*(,*/*=%"'%'S*k*[=S*WU^S*+d%"(6-%
j*8%90"*?,%*$0,'*'%&%u*=,#''6"(*0,*-#')&6>9%*k*%'(*(&6"'F0&-)%*4d,"*50,=*4%*>6],%((%
-6]#?,%*%"*j*8%90"*?,%*(,*'%&6'*40,6"#%&*0,*-#')&6>9%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WT^S*<9,'*)?,#(6>9%E*=9,'
4)-05&6(#?,%E*9%*=&0$%&>%*j*<6,$&%'*0,*&#53%'E*(0,'*4%*-l-%*F&#53%*k*-%(*(0,(*9%*-0"4%
46"'*9%*-l-%*=6"#%&*[BSJSE*=S*WT^*%(*&6==%99%*9%*j*(s(*0,*(6&4E*0"*"d%'(*?,%*4%'*0'*k*4,
536"(%,&*B96,4%*M0,]6&0S*7*96*=6]%*UQE*0"*6,&6*,"*4)$%90==%-%"(*=0)(#?,%*f*=6&(#&*4%
9d%"(6-%*596''#?,%*%"*j*8%90"*?,%*k*D*j*8%90"*?,%*$0,'*'%&%u*)$%#99)'*0,*%"40&-#'E*96*",#(
4%*(0,(*5%*?,#*$0,'*6==6&(#%"(E*0,*$0,'*'%->9%&6*F#],&%E*0,*$0,'*'%->9%&6*$#'6]%*kS
1AA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
B0--%*46"'*9%'*=&0$%&>%'*(&64#(#0""%9'E*#9*/*6*'0,$%"(*,"%*'0&(%*4%*&)'#]"6(#0"*4%$6"(
9d#-=%&F%5(#0"*3,-6#"%E*,"*5%&(6#"*F6(69#'-%*c*5d%'(*9%*56'*4%*5%9,#H5#E*?,#*%'(*4%*M0$6&#"6
(0,(*%"*&%''%->96"(*f*,"%*-6g#-%*4%*+6*N053%F0,56,9(D*j*B36?,%*$)&#()*],#4%*'0,$%"(*"0'
=6'*$%&'*=9,'*4d%&&%,&S*k*[=S*WV^S*8,&*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%*%(*9d#-=%&-6"%"5%E*0"*6,&6*D*j*B#%9
=0--%9)E*F%--%'*F6&4)%'E*"%*'0"(*=0#"(*4%*90"],%*4,&)%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WVÊ*-6#'*5%*=&0$%&>%
%g#'(%*'6"'*M0$6&#"6*[796#"*N%/*9d)$0?,%*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*'0"*0,$&6]%^S*K"F#"E*9d3,-0,&*"0#&
4%*9d6,(%,&*'%*&%(&0,$%&6*46"'*D*j*a,#*-%*$%&&6*-0&(*'6,&6*?,d#9*"d%'(*=6'*-0#*k*[BSJSE*=S*XA^S
O6"'* 5%((%* &6F69%* 4%* =&0$%&>%'* [5FS* ==S* WXHWTHWUHWLHWVHXAHX@HX1^* 4%* 4.' >+.$)' (&
:5+9??&E*0"*&%5%"'%*-l-%E*=&)'%"(6(#0"*-#'%*f*=6&(E*4%'*'0&(%'*4%*50,&('*=0.-%'*4%*(/=%
36{n,*[46"'*96*(3)-6(#?,%E*9d%'=&#(*])")&69^*f*96*=6]%*WU*D*j*!"*0#'%6,*',&*,"*536&40"*"%*F0"(
6,*F0"4*?,d,"*F6&4%6,*>#%"*9)]%&*kE*j*B36]&#"*4d6-0,&*%"*5r,&*>690,&4E*=.'%*90,&4*k*[=S
WUÊ*j*+%*9)$&#%&*4,*-6(#"*-6"]%*9%*=6''%&%6,*6,*>0&4*4,*&,#''%6,*k*[=S*WL^S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87B*0"*6$6#(*j*+,#H-l-%*46"'*9d%6,E*9%*'09%#9*'d%'(*-6"])*k*[=S*QW^
%(*-l-%*4%'*=3&6'%'*?,%*+60*2'%,*6,&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*=,*=&0"0"5%&*50--%*j*+%*$&6#*$#4%
%'(*9%*=9%#"*k*[=S*WU^*0,*j*+6*F0&5%*'6"'*F6#>9%''%*-6"?,%*4%*F0&5%*[=S*X1^*c*5d%'(*?,%*4.'
5%((%*=#.5%E*9d6,(%,&*'d6-,'6#(*4)Cf*>%6,50,=*6$%5*9%'*=&0$%&>%'*q*"0(0"'*=6&*%g%-=9%*j*M%
C0,%u*=6'*6,*5/]"%*?,6"4*$0,'*"dl(%'*?,d,"*&6(*m*k*[=S*TUÊ*j*a,#*'%*'%"(*-0,53)E*?,d#9*'%
50,53%*m*k*[=S*TL^*0,*j*5d%'(*f*?,6(&%*=6((%'*?,d0"*-0"(%*9%*-#%,g*kS
RKcKVK&?/&5*Q25*$2-(%&(%/(E&:*)&$%&52/25*$2-5%
+d#-=&%''#0""6"(*536=%9%(*4%*=&0$%&>%'*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*4%$6#(*>#%"*'z&*l(&%*)$0?,)
=6&*"0,'*-6#'*#9*"%*F6,4&6#(*=6'*5&0#&%*?,%*5%((%*9#'(%*']6"6&%99#%""%*["0,'*4#&0"'*=9,'*90#"
5%*?,#*"0,'*F6#(*0=)&%&*5%*&6==&053%-%"(^*'0#(*9%*'%,9*-0-%"(*4%*9dr,$&%*0o*9d#"F9,%"5%*4,
=&0$%&>%*'%*F6''%*'%"(#&S
O6"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&'(0,(*4d6>0&4E*30&-#'*96*F6-%,'%*&6F69%*'#]"69)%*5#H6$6"(E
#"'#'(0"'*f*"0,$%6,*',&*96*$%#"%*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*'0->&%*%(*50-#?,%*?,#*56&65()&#'%*(&.'*'0,$%"(
9%*=&0$%&>%*"0$6&#"#%"*%"*5#(6"(*=6&*%g%-=9%*j*8%90"*9d,'6]%*?,%*"0,'*F%&0"'*4,*-0"4%E
"0,'*'%&0"'*0,*>#%"*'#-=9%-%"(*)(&6"]9)'E*0,*>#%"*)(0"")'*4d6$0#&*)()*)(&6"]9)'*k*[=S*@QXÊ
-6"#.&%*(&.'*F&6"b6#'%*4d%g=0'%&*%"*=6&(#%*96*(3)0&#%*4,*n6&-6S*20,(*6,''#*4)=&#-6"('E*0"
6,&6*j*20,(%*$#%*-)&#(%*'6*=%#"%*k*[=S*@AW^*%(*j*B%9,#*?,#*%'(*%"*(%&&%E*#9*(#%"(*(0,(*4%*'6
-.&%* k* [=S* 1LT^S* :&%FE* ?,0#* ?,d0"* F6''%E* 5d%'(* (0,C0,&'* =9,'* 0,* -0#"'* 9d#-=6''%E* 9d6-0,&
"%* =0,$6"(* =6'* F0"5(#0""%&* 50--%* ,"* &%F,]%* (6"(* #9* %'(* $&6#* ?,%* j* &0''#]"09* "d6* =6'* 4%
=6&09%*k*[=S*WXQÊ*=&0$%&>%*=0,$6"(*l(&%*50-=&#'*50--%*j*80,$%"(*F%--%*$6&#%*kS
j* +%* (%-='* =&%''%* c* 9d6&]%"(* -6"?,%* c* $0#5#* 96* -0&(* k* '%* =&)'%"(%* 50--%* ,"* 6,(&%
&)',-)*(0,(*f*F6#(*'6#'#''6"(*4%*9d%g#'(%"5%*%(*4%*9d3,-6#"%*50"4#(#0"*-6#'*%"*F#9#]&6"%E*5%*?,#
"0,'*%'(*4#(*9fE*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*D*j*5,%#990"'*4.'*6,C0,&4d3,#*9%'*&0'%'*4%*96*$#%*k*[#"$#(%
=0)(#?,%*?,%*B)9#"%E*9,#E*=6&04#6*%"*=&0=0'6"(*j*:6"40"'*$#(%*%(*F0&(*6$6"(*?,d0"*"0,'*9%'
50,=%*k^S*7,(&%*&6550,&5#*'#"#'(&%*%(*5056''%*D*j*96*$#%*%'(*,"*)(6>9#*0o*(&0=*4d6"5#%"'*'%
'0"(*F6#(*(6=%&*',&*9%'*40#]('*k*[=S*QWW^*c*=9,'*90#"E*0"*6,&6*D*j*96*$#%*%'(*,"*5#-%(#.&%*?,%
-6*(0->%*(&0,$%*(&0=*=%(#(*kS*K"F#"E*0"*=0,&&6*%'(#-%&*?,%*5d%'(*,"*4)'%'=0#&*50-#?,%*?,#
'd%g=&#-%*46"'*j*a,6"4*#9*"d/*6*=9,'*4%*&6#'0"*=0,&*?,%*b6*F#"#''%*5d%'(*?,d0"*"d6*=6'*%,*4%
536"5%*?,%*b6*50--%"5%*k*[=S*W@UÊ*5%*?,#*&%"$0#%*,"*=%,*6,*=9,'*50"5#'*j*Bd%'(*"6w(&%
?,d#9*6,&6#(*=6'*F699,*k*4,**=3#90'0=3%*B)9#"%S
86"'*l(&%*6''#-#96>9%'*f*4%'*4#5(0"'E*4%'*=3&6'%'*4)F#"#(#$%'*50--%*j*+d,"#$%&'*F6#(
(&%#u%*-.(&%'*k*[=S*WXAÊ*j*M0'*(&0,'*"%*'0"(*=6'*90]#?,%'*k*[=S*WLQ^*%(*j*+%*-0"4%*40#(*l(&%
0&]6"#')*46"'*9%*'%"'*4d,"%*$#5(0#&%*4,*>0"*'%"'*k*0"(*f*$0#&E*=6&*9%,&*5s()*6>&,=(E*6$%5
96*F0&-%*)(,4#)%*c*5d%'(*?,%*9%*-6g#-69#'(%*?,d%'(*M0$6&#"6*[64%=(%*4%*9d)=#?,%E*&%F,'6"(*96
1A@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
F0&-%*50,&(%E*%(5^*'6#(*f*9d0556'#0"*'%*F6#&%*-#"#-69#'(%*%(*0"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%*%'(#-%&*?,d#9
%'(*=6'')*-6w(&%*46"'*9d6&(*',>(#9*4%*96*50"5#'#0"E*50--%*%"*()-0#]"%"(*5%&(6#"'*4%*5%'
=&0$%&>%'S
M0$6&#"6* $6* 40"5* =,#'%&* 46"'* 96* (&64#(#0"* F&6"b6#'%E* &%=&%"6"(* 7&A79' 5%&(6#"'
=&0$%&>%'*[j*B#%9*=0--%9)*|t}*kE*%(5S^*0,*'d#"'=#&6"(*4%*9d%'=&#(*?,#*6*=&)'#4)*f*9%,&*5&)6(#0"S
7#"'#E*?,6"4*#9*'d6((6?,%*6,g*$#99%'*4%*9dJ%g6]0"%*[8SE*=S*@X@H@XXÊ*#9*'d#"'=#&%*>#%"*'z&*4%
9d)"%&$)*=&0=3.(%*7-0'*-6#'*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*4%*(0,'*5%'*=&0$%&>%'H=#?,%'*[j*B0)-#%,gE
#9*/*6*-#%,g*kE*j*7"]%&'E*:6''%*$#99%*%(*36,('*59053%&'E*N#53%'*=,(6#"'E*=6,$&%'*)509#%&'*kE
j*7&5H'0,'HB#50"E*=%(#(%*$#99%E*]&6"4'*F&#=0"'*kE*j*79%"b0"E*=%(#(%*$#99%E*]&6"4*&%"0-E*6,(6"(
4%*=,(6#"'*?,%*4%*-6#'0"'*kE*j*+dR'.&%*%(*9%*O&6]0"*-%((&0"(*P&%"0>9%*%"*'6$0"*k^*?,d0"
'd64&%''6#(*4d,"%*50--,"%*f*9d6,(&%*%(*40"(*9%*'0,$%"#&*'d%'(*=6&F0#'*50"'%&$)S*R9*'%*=%,(*?,d#9
'd#"'=#&%*6,''#*4%*9d7'#%*46"'*,"%*$090"()*(0,(%*(60{'(%*4%*&)50"5#9#%&*9%'*50"(&6#&%'*50--%
46"'*j*M6w(&%*%(*50,(%6,*'0"(*4%,g*F65%'*4,*>%&5%6,*k*[=S*WUTÊ*9%*j*1*k*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*[=S
QUQ^*46"'*9d6''05#6(#0"*4dk*69=6]%*k*%(*4%*j*=p(,&6]%*kE*-0('*)$0?,6"(*9%'*4%,g*-6-%99%'
4d,"*=6/'*?,#*=0,&&6#(*>#%"*l(&%*96*8,#''%S
R9* /* 6* 6,''#* 4%'* 56'* 4%* =&0$%&>%'* =6(6=3/'#?,%'* (&.'* 4#FF#5#9%-%"(* 50--%"(6>9%'E
6"69/'6>9%'*c*0"*'0"]%*f*j*+d%&&%,&*40,>9%*4%$#%"(*$)&#()*",%*90&'?,%*9%*-%"'0"]%*'d%"
&%$l(*k*[=S*QQQÊ*j*4%,g*=#%4'*F0"(*-l-%*=6"#%&*k*[=S*@ATÊ*j*9%*$&6#*=&#$)*4,*>0"E*4,*>#%"E
4,*C,'(%E*4,*>%6,*"d%'(*=6'*&#%"*k*[=S*QQU^*0,*f*j*;"*%'(*-#%,g*46"'*'0"*5%&$%6,*?,%*46"'
'0"*53#%"*k*[=S*W1@^*q*%(*0"*6,&6*9d)?,#$69%"(*4%*5%*(/=%*4%*=3&6'%'*f*96*=6]%*QUX*D
[…] tant que quelque chose en quelqu’un se trompe d’entrée, alors celui qui est
dans le corps est le témoin de celui qui ne verbe pas. Que celui qui ne verbe pas
se taise s’il ne peut pas faire autrement ; mais qui se trompe de mot, s’il trompe
les gens, laissez-le se tromper de mot. S’il entre dans un corps, celui-là va faire le
mort. Tel que celui qui change de langue de son vivant : il ne doit pas dire matière
à la matière, bois au bois et quoi à quelqu’un.
RKcKqK&Z*(*$2-5%&N#=%1Q&%(&'1)%(E&"#5231%
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%'*#-=,#''6"5%'*4,*50--%"(6(%,&E*F0&5%*%'(*4%*50"'(6(%&*9d0-"#=&)'%"5%
4,*=&0$%&>%*4.'*9%'*=&%-#.&%'*=#.5%'*)5&#(%'*=6&*M0$6&#"6*[4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*%"*%FF%(E
"d%'(*=6'*4,*(0,(*,"%*%g5%=(#0"*D*'d#9*/*%"*6*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*9f*?,d6#99%,&'E*5d%'(*(0,(*'#-=9%-%"(
=6&5%*?,%*5%((%*r,$&%*%'(*,"%*4%'*=9,'*90"],%'^S
<0,&*50--%"5%&E*"0(0"'*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*j*8=%&-%*%"*(0,(*9#%,
'd%FF0&5%*f*=96#&%*k*[=S*1@1^*?,#*%'(*,"%*-6"#.&%*50-#?,%*4%*4)'#]"%&*96*=,9'#0"*4%*$#%*?,#
6"#-%*9d30--%*%(*9%*=0,''%E*50--%*4#(*9d6,(%,&E*f*j*'6,(%&*'0,46#"%-%"(*',&*6,(&,#*k*q*-6#'
6,''#*j*a,#*96->#"%*"%*96-=%&6*&#%"*k*[=S*@TT^*?,#*&6==%99%*j*R9*F6,(*>6((&%*9%*F%&*?,6"4*#9*%'(
536,4*kS*<0,&*j*7*=053%*-#"#-%E*4z*'d6-)"6]%*k*[=S*Q@QÊ*#9*&6==%99%*,"*=%,E*"0,'*'%->9%H
(H#9E*9%*50"5%=([\50"'%#9^*-#"#-69#'(%*4%*'%*50"(%"(%&*4%*5%*?,%*9d0"*6E*$0#&%*4%*'%*4)>&0,#99%&
6$%5*9%'*-0/%"'*4,*>0&4S*a,6"(*f*j*20,(*,"*536&40"*$6,(*>#%"*'6*59053%*k*[=S*1X1Ê*#9*6
=%,(Hl(&%* ,"* '%"'* )?,#$69%"(* -l-%* 'd#9* &6==%99%* )]69%-%"(* j* f* 5365,"* '6* 5365,"%* k* %(
9d%g=&%''#0"*j*(&0,$%&*536,'',&%*f*'0"*=#%4*kS
B0--%*'0,$%"(*46"'*96*(&64#(#0"*4%'*=&0$%&>%'E*9d%g5.'*",#(*%(*9%*(&0=*%'(*>6""#*c*6#"'#E
j* a,#* C65(%* (&0=* '%&6* )C%5()* k* "0,'* &6==%99%* ?,%* 9%* '#9%"5%* %'(* 4d0&* 0,* ?,d#9* 50"$#%"(* 4%
(0,&"%&*'6*96"],%*'%=(*F0#'*46"'*'6*>0,53%*6$6"(*4%*=6&9%&*c*j*(0,(*=96(*"0,$%6,*(0->%*f
9d6>,'*k*[=S*QVA^*'%->9%E*9,#E*"0,'*#"$#(%&*f*F6#&%*-0"(&%*4%*-04)&6(#0"*%(*f*"0,'*-)F#%&*[5FS
(0,(*"0,$%6,E*(0,(*>%6,E*%(5S^*4%*9d6((&6#(*4%*96*"0,$%6,()S
1A1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
B0"59,0"'* 6$%5* 4&* <.=$:' (&/' *:.//&/' (.80&)&#/&/* [=S* 1XX^* =6&* ,"%* $6&#6(#0"* [-6#'
%"50&%*=9,'*4)'%'=)&6"(%*?,%*9d0&#]#"69^*',&*96*90#*4d7&53#-.4%*[5FS*j*(0,(*50&='*>9%'')*f
-0&(*=0,''%*'0"*50,#5*k^*=0,&*%"536w"%&*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*9%*4)=&#-6"(*j*?,#*50,&(
5&.$%*k*[=S*X@1^*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*&6550,&5#&*(%&&#>9%-%"(*j*7*?,0#*'%&(*4%*50,&#&*h*R9*F6,(*=6&(#&
f*=0#"(*k*%"*j*7*?,0#*'%&(*4%*50,&#&*h*k*q*#5#E*"0(&%*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"*"d%'(*=0,&(6"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(
$69#46>9%*)(6"(*40"")*9%*50"(%g(%*4d6==6&#(#0"*4%*5%*j*=&0$%&>%*#"4,#(*k*["0,'*&%$#%"4&0"'
=9,'*90#"*',&*5%((%*"0(#0"Ê*f*'6$0#&*96*=3&6'%*j*20,&"%*?,#*50,&(*5&.$%E*(0,(*5%*?,#*(0,&"%E
(0,&"%*(0,(*5%*?,#*50,&(*k*?,#*%"*50"(%"6#(*4%,g*6,(&%'E*j*20,&"%*?,#*50,&(*k*%(*j*(0,&"%*(0,(
5%*?,#*50,&(*k*[?,#*6990"]%"(*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*(0,&"%&*50,&(*k*-6#'*"0,'*&6-."%"(*%"50&%*f
9d6?,6>0"#'-%*50"(%",*46"'*j*7*?,0#*'%&(*4%*50,&#&*h*k*$0#&%*j*7*?,0#*'%&(*4%*(0,&"%&*h*k
=,#'?,%*(0,(*6*(%"46"5%*f*(0,&"%&*50,&(^S
8,&*9%*5s()*j*N#$#.&%*'6"'*&%(0,&*k*4,*$0/6]%*6,*=6/'*4%'*0->&%'E*#9*'%&6*&)',-)*=6&
j*?,#*=96"53%*4%46"'*6*9%'*/%,g*>96"5'*k*[=S*QU@^*?,#*'d6==9#?,%*'6"'*40,(%*6,*50"(%",
4d,"*5%&5,%#9*q*")6"-0#"'E*9%*j*5646*k*%"*?,%'(#0"E*'#*5d%"*%'(*,"E*6,&6E*%"*=9,'*4%'*/%,g
>96"5'E*50--%*9d,9(#-%*]6]*4%*?,%9?,%*=6&%"(*F65)(#%,gE*j*96*(l(6''%*50,$%&(%*4d,"%*50#FF%
50-#?,%*f*96*J%"&#%((%*kS*a,6"(*f*9d#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%*j*;"*'6#(*=9,'*'#*5d%'(*f*'0"*=09#F*0,*f
'6*50"6&4#.&%*?,d0"*6*9%'*-0#"%6,g*k*[=S*QW@Ê*#9*'%->9%*6990"]%&*e/*6*=9,'*4%*'6#'0"'e*[$0#&%
e;"*'6#(*=9,'*f*?,%9*'6#"(*'%*$0,%&e^*4d,"%*F6b0"*(0,(*f*F6#(*',&&)69#'(%S
RKcKoK&C#/()%&$*&$*/01%&'%-&e#1"#(
8#*9d0"*%g5%=(%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*?,%*9%*=&0$%&>%
%'(*9%*=9,'*&%=&)'%"()*c*0"*/*&%(&0,$%&6*96*"0(#0"*4,*j*<0#"(*(&0=*"d%"*F6,(*k*46"'*9%*56'(&6(%,&
j*a,#*$%,(*=9,'*?,d,"*>r,F*C6-6#'*&#%"*"d0>(#%"4&6*k*#-6]#")*'6"'*40,(%*f*=6&(#&*4%*j*a,#
$09%*,"*r,FE*%(5S*k*%(*?,#E*f*9d#"'(6&*4%*9d6]&%''#F*j*M%*C0,%u*=6'*6,*5/]"%*?,6"4*$0,'*"dl(%'
?,d,"*&6(*k*[=S*TUÊ*'0""%*50--%*,"%*#"$#(%*f*"%*',&(0,(*=6'*-%((&%*96*>6&&%*(&0=*36,(*H*%(E
46"'*9%*56'*4%*j*?,#*"%*'6#(*=6'*=6&9%&E*?,d#9*96*F%&-%*k*[=S*TUÊ*f*0=(%&*=0,&*9%*'#9%"5%*%(
9d0>)#''6"5%*6,*-6w(&%*[#5#*40"5*D*:0,50(^S*K"F#"E*j*a,#*'%*5&0#(*-0&$%,gE*?,d#9*'%*-0,53%*mk
'%*$%&&6*]&6(#F#)*4d,"%*'0&(%*4%*',#(%*%"*j*a,#*'%*'%"(*-0,53)E*?,d#9*'%*50,53%*m*k*[=S*TLÊ
4)Cf*5#()*=9,'*36,(S
+d6"#-69#()* "%* '%&6* =6'* 6>'%"(%* 46"'* 96* j* =0)'#%* ]"0-#?,%* k* =&0=0')%* =6&* `69.&%
M0$6&#"6*c*6#"'#*D*j*5d%'(*f*?,6(&%*=6((%'*?,d0"*-0"(%*9%*-#%,g*k*[=S*TL^*?,#*'%->9%*#"$#(%&
9d30--%* f* ,"%* F0&-%* 4%* &)]&%''#0"E* j* M%* >6((%u* =6'* 9%* 90,=E* -%((%uH9%* f* 9d)509%* k* [=S
WV^* ?,#* &6==%99%* ,"%* F0&-,9%* 4%* `#5(0&* J,]0* %(* j* 8#* 9%'* -0,(0"'* -%((%"(* 4%'* 4%"('E* #9
F6,(* 9%'* &%=&%"4&%* %"* -6#"'* k* ?,#* =0,&&6#(* &)',-%&* 96* =09#(#?,%* &)=&%''#$%* 4%* 9d#]"0>9%
:0,50(S*a,6"(*f*96*F&,'(&6(#0"*-l9)%*4d6-%&(,-%*4%'*0,$&#%&'*F65%*6,g*-#99%*=&0-%''%'
[=)5,"#6#&%'E* '%g,%99%'E* %(5S^* ?,%* 9%'* :0,50(* 9%,&* F0"(* -#&0#(%&* [5FS* 90(0E* &%(&6#(%* 40&)%E
)=#'04%*4%*9d6FF#53%*$#$6"(%Ê*%99%*%'(*=6&F6#(%-%"(*&)',-)%*46"'*9%*50"'(6(*j*:%6,50,=*4%
(&.'*>%6,*=6=#%&t*I6#'*f*>&0,(%&E*(0,C0,&'*6,''#*=%,*m*k*?,#*&6==%99%*D*e4%'*=&0-%''%'E
(0,C0,&'*4%'*=&0-%''%'*me*[$0#&%*D*e,"*(#%"'*$6,(*-#%,g*?,%*4%,g*(,*9d6,&6'e^S
B30'%*"0&-69%*)(6"(*40"")*9%*',C%(*4%*96*=#.5%E*F6(69#'-%*%(*6]&%''#$#()*=&)40-#"%"(
46"'*9%'*=&0$%&>%'*4%*4567&:$&)';9:.87'a*',>'#'(%"(*")6"-0#"'*?,%9?,%'*9,%,&'*4d%'=0#&*%(
5%&(6#"'*4d%"(&%*%,g*=0,&&0"(*-l-%*[-6#'*46"'*9d6>'09,E*'0&(#'*4%*9%,&*50"(%g(%^*6$0#&*,"
5s()*&6'',&6"(*q*"0,'*=%"'0"'*f*j*a,#99%*0>9#?,%*"%*&#'?,%*&#%"*k*%(*',&(0,(*f*j*!"*(,>%
4%"(#F&#5%E*-l-%*$#4%E*(,*%"*(#&%'*(0,C0,&'*?,%9?,%*530'%*f*F0&5%*k*[=S*VW^*?,#*40""%*4%
9d%'=0#&*%(*6""0"5%*,"*=%,*9%*eBd%'(*=9,'*F65#9%*4%*F6#&%*'0&(#&*9%*4%"(#F&#5%*4,*(,>%*?,%*4%*9%
&%-%((&%*4%46"'e*4d,"*F#9-*4%*+0,#'*I699%*[5FS*H$:9#'&8'?.$^*D*46"'*5%*4%&"#%&*56'E*0"*$0#(*?,%
9d6,(%,&*"d3)'#(%*=6'*f*F6>&#?,%&*4%'*=&0$%&>%'*f*=6&(#&*4d0>C%('*4,*?,0(#4#%"*&%96(#$%-%"(
1AQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-04%&"%'*[5FS*4%"(#F&#5%Ê*5%*?,#*%'(*%"50&%*,"%*-6"#.&%*4%*4)=0,''#)&%&*5%((%*F0&-%*50,&(%
'0,$%"(*=0)(#?,%S
+%*=&0$%&>%*"0$6&#"#%"*6*40"5*'0,$%"(E*50--%*0"*9d6*$,E*,"%*4#-%"'#0"*=09#(#?,%*%(
0"*'d%"*'%&(*'0,$%"(*[4d0o*9%*(#(&%*4%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%^*=0,&*&#4#5,9#'%&*96*96"],%*4%'*:0,50(
'0#(*[=0,&*F6#&%*699,'#0"*f*,"%*5)9.>&%*=3&6'%*4%*G%6"*P%"%(^*96*j*96"],%*4%'*>0,&&%6,g*k*c
#9*'%*=%,(*-l-%*?,%*9%*"0-*$#%""%*4%*9f*D*6,*F0"4E*:0,50(*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*-0(H$69#'%*(&#=9%
6''05#6"(*>0,59%&E*>0,53%*%(*>0,&&%6,S
RKcKrK&?/%&:#E-2%&'%&(=:%&0/#5231%
+%*&%50,&'*6,*=&0$%&>%*%(*f*,"%*=0)'#%*]"0-#?,%*[5d%'(*f*4#&%*f*>6'%*4%*'%"(%"5%'E*4%
-6g#-%'*%(*4%*=&)5%=(%'^*56&65()&#'%&6*6,''#*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*c*9%'*(3.-%'*%"
'%&0"(*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%E*9d0>'5,&#()*%(*96*5&,6,()*4,*-0"4%*%(*4d6,(&,#S*8,&*9%*(%-='E*9%'
&)F9%g#0"'*'%&0"(*50"(&64#5(0#&%'E*j*N#%"*=6''%*4%,g*F0#'E*(0,(*=6''%*",99%*F0#'*k*[=S*1QQ^
'd0==0'6"(*,"*=%,*f*j*a,6"4*-6&4#*=6''%E*5d%'(*?,%*&%$#%"(*9,"4#*k*[=S*1XX^*?,#*$6*46"'
9%*'%"'*4%*j*a,#*=6''%E*&%=6''%*k*[=S*1QV^S
8,&*9d0>'5,&#()E*0"*6,&6*5%((%*'%"(%"5%*4)F#"#(#$%*%(*=9%#"%*4%*>0"*'%"'*D*j*+6*",#(*"d%'(
=6'*96*=&%,$%*?,d#9*"d/*6*&#%"*f*$0#&*k*[=S*1TUÊ*5%*?,#*&%$#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*4#&%*?,d#9*F6,(*'%
-)F#%&*4%*5%&(6#"%'*6==6&%"5%'*0,*?,%*9%*-/'(.&%*"d%"*%'(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*,"*q*$(&?*=0,&
(0,(* 5%* ?,#* %'(* 0=6?,%E* 3%&-)(#?,%E* 6>'50"'E* %(5S* 2#&)* 4%*N9#/' "#$' +.=$7&O' :&' 7&?%/* [=S
@UÊ*j*a,#*"%*$0#(*?,%*46"'*'6*",#(*"d%"(%"4*?,%*'0"*'#9%"5%*k*'%*=&)'%"(%E*9,#E*50--%*,"
%"50,&6]%-%"(*f*'0&(#&*4%*'6*50?,#99%*=0,&*699%&*46"'*9%*-0"4%*%(*'d0,$&#&*f*6,(&,#S
O6"'*j*&#%"*$#%"4&6*4%*?,#*$#6"4&6*k*[OS7SE*=S*1QLÊ*0"*'%->9%*=0,&(6"(*"%*'%*F6#&%*],.&%
4d#99,'#0"'*',&*5%*?,d#9*50"$#%"(*4d6((%"4&%*4%*9d30--%E*5%*$#6"46&4E*%(*4%*96*$#%*%"*])")&69S
3(&?*=0,&*j*+d30--%*%'(*,"*F6-%,g*(,%,&*4%*'0#*k*[OS7SE*=S*XU^*?,#*&%$#'#(%*j*+d30--%*%'(
,"*90,=*=0,&*9d30--%*kE*6,*-l-%*(#(&%*?,%*j*I0"4%*%'(*,"*(&0,*=0,&*-0#*k*[OS7SE*=S*@U1^S
`6&#6"(%*4%*j*N#%"*"%*'%&(*4%*50,&#&*kE*j*&#%"*"%*'%&(*4%*-,9(#=9#%&*k*[=S*@@@^*"d#"5#(%*=6'*=9,'
f*96*&%=&04,5(#0"S*j*20,(*%'(*=6&%#9*'6,F*?,6"4*5d%'(*96*-l-%*530'%*k*"d%g=&#-%*?,6"(*f
9,#*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%*96''#(,4%*['#*"0,'*%"*=6&90"'*50--%*4d,"%*=%&'0""%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*6,*4#6=6'0"*"0$6&#"#%"^*D*5d%'(*C,'(%*,"%*=3&6'%*50-#?,%*%(*&/(3-)%
?,#*=0,&&6#(*'d#"()]&%&*f*,"%*50-=(#"%*6>',&4%*'(#]-6(#'6"(*,"*(&6$%&'*'0=3#'(%*0,*96*=6&09%
4d,"*j*$#96#"*"0&-6"4*kS
O6"'*F&'/#$/E*9%*4)'%'=0#&*F%&6*&%(0,&*46"'*j*<%#"%*=9,'*4d,"%E*6-0,&*6,5,"%*k*[=S
1V^*-6#'*'%&6*50"(&%H>696"5)*=6&*4%'*50"'#4)&6(#0"'*=9,'*=0'#(#$%'*%(*=9,'*%"50,&6]%6"(%'
50--%*j*a,%9?,%*530'%*%'(*$&6#*46"'*9%*F6,g*k*[=S*@TVÊ*5%*?,#*&%$#%"(*,"*=%,*f*4#&%*?,%
?,%9?,%*530'%*%'(*>%6,*46"'*9%*96#4*%(*?,%*(0,(*"d%'(*=6'*'#*"0#&*6,*F0"4*4,*(&0,S*Z0&(*4%
'0"*%g=)&#%"5%E*j*|536"(6"(*'%'}*k*#4)%'*&%b,%'E*+%*`#%#996&4*B6&"6(#F*"0,'*F%&6*=6&(*f*'0"
(0,&*[=S*@UT^*4%*5%*?,d#9*6*50-=&#'*',&*96*$#%E*f*'6$0#&*D*j*!"%*F0#'*&%5,9)E*#9*%'(*(&0=*(6&4
=0,&*6$6"5%&*c*,"%*F0#'*6=&.'*>,E*#9*%'(*(&0=*(6&4*=0,&*6$0#&*'0#F*c*,"%*F0#'*6=&.'*'0&(#E*#9*%'(
(&0=*(6&4*=0,&*&6==6&6w(&%*k*5%*?,#*=%&-%(*4%*&%"4&%*=9,'*=&)5#'*%(*=9,'*)$056(%,&'*ex*6*,"
(%-='*=0,&*(0,(eE*ea,6"4*F6,(*/*699%&E*F6,(*/*699%&e*0,*%"50&%*e7$6"(*9d3%,&%*5d%'(*=6'*9d3%,&%
%(*6=&.'*9d3%,&%*5d%'(*=9,'*9d3%,&%eS
RKcKnK&,*&)%9*/"<%&'%&j0*/*)%$$%
7=&.'*96*F6-%,'%*=#%&&%*?,#*&0,9%*?,#E*50--%*0"*'6#(E*"d6-6''%*=6'*-0,''%E*0"*(0->%&6
46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&'[96*=0''#>#9#()*4d,"*j*=6=%*?,#*50,9%*k*"d6/6"(*=6'*)()*&%(%",%^*',&
j*J0--%*?,#*>0,9%*6-6''%*=%,*5&0z(%*k*[=S*@VQÊ*=&0$%&>%*'6"'*40,(%*,"*=%,*=09#(#?,%*f
-%((&%*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*j*7*'696#&%*,"#?,%E*>0,53%*,"#?,%*k*[;SNSE*=S*TU^*-6#'*6,''#*j*7$690#&
1AW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=9,'*0,*$6,4&%*-0#"'*D*f*5365,"*'%90"*'0"*>#%"*kE*=&0$%&>%*[h^*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&'[=S
1W^*5#*,"*=%,*&%50-=0')*=6&*"0'*'0#"'*]&p5%*f*96*=0"5(,6(#0"*[5FS*9%'*4%,g*=0#"('*6,*9#%,
4%'*(&0#'*$%&'*j*7$690#&*=9,'*0,*$6,4&%*-0#"'*\*7*5365,"*'%90"*'0"*>#%"*\*Bd%'(*9%*'0&(*4%'
3,-6#"'^*%(*j*N%$690#&*=9,'*0,*"d6$0#&*=9,'*D*5d%'(*5#&5,96#&%*96*=9,'*$69,%*k*f*96*-l-%*=6]%*%(
?,#*=&05.4%*4,*-l-%*&%(&6$6#9*D*j*O)$690#&*4%*=9,'*%"*-0#"'*\*N%$690#&*=9,'*0,*"d6$0#&*=9,'*\
Bd%'(*5#&5,96#&%*96*=9,'H$69,%*kE*F6b0"*]&0,530H-6&g#'(%*4%*4#&%*j*+d6&]%"(E*b6*$6E*b6*$#%"(*kS
M0(0"'*%"F#"E*(0,C0,&'*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&B*9d#"'#'(6"(*j*N%530'%*4#(%*%'(*4#(%
4%,g* F0#'* k* [=S* @@U^* %(E* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&E* ,"%* ',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"* [5FS* 4%* j* $6#9* k* %"
j* C%(* k^* ?,#* 4)>0,53%* ',&* j* 20,(* (&6C%(* -)&#(%* '696#&%* kE* =%"46"(* f* j* (0,(%* $#%* -)&#(%* '6
=%#"%*k*[NS*c*=S*VW^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*5d%'(*96*-)(6=30&%*=&0$%&>#69%*4,*j*N0/6,-%*4%'
6$%,]9%'*k*[=&)'%"()'*50--%*=9,'*"6{F'*?,%*9%'*>0&]"%'^*?,%*9d0"*&%(&6$6#99%*[=S*VA^S
B%* 56(690],%* )(6>9#E* #9* F6,4&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%* 'd#"(%&&0]%&* -6#"(%"6"(* ',&* 9%'* &6#'0"'
=09#(#?,%'* 4%* 5%((%* 0-"#=&)'%"5%* 4,* =&0$%&>%* D* 9%* >,(* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* &%"0,6"(* 6$%5* 5%((%
(&64#(#0"*"%*'%&6#(H#9*=6'*4%*-0"(&%&*?,%*96*=6&09%*=0=,96#&%*=0,$6#(*6$0#&*,"%*$&6#%*$69%,&
=3#90'0=3#?,%*h*O%*F6#(E*9%'*4#'%,&'*4%*=&0$%&>%'*-6"#%"(*4%'*50"5%=('*50--%*9%*F0"(*9%'
=3#90'0=3%'*D*,"%*=%"')%*F#"%*-6#'*699,'#$%*[6,(6"(*?,%*46"'*9%*50"(%E*96*F6>9%E*9%*36{n,
0,*96*=6&6>09%^*%'(*f*9dr,$&%E*?,d#9*'d6]#&6#(*4%*'6$0#&*=&%"4&%*%"*50"'#4)&6(#0"*c*3)96'E*5%96
',==0'%*,"%*(0,&",&%*4d%'=&#(*?,%*(0,(*9%*-0"4%*"d6*=6'E*9d6,(&%*=&0>9.-%*)(6"(*5%9,#*4%'
&)F)&%"5%'*?,#*'%*=%&4%"(*f*56,'%*4,*"0,$%6,*-0"4%*?,#*'%*-%(*%"*=965%*%(*?,%*M0$6&#"6
4)"0"5%*[46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*"0(6--%"(^S*Bd%'(*40"5*#5#*?,d#9*"0,'*F6,(*%g=9#?,%&*9%*'%"'
4,* (#(&%* 40"")* f* 5%((%* '0,'* =6&(#%* D* =0,&* '%* 4)F%"4&%* 50"(&%* 9%* 5/"#'-%* 4%* O0-* G,6"E
8]6"6&%99%E*90#"*4dl(&%*'0(E*9,#*0==0'%*4%'*=&0$%&>%'*%(*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*=0=,96#&%'*c*0&E*5%96
"%*-6&53%*],.&%*56&E*0,(&%*?,d#9*96#''%*=6''%&*?,%9?,%'*(&,#'-%'E*9%*$69%(E*-0#"'*'(&,5(,&)
?,%*'0"*-6w(&%E*"%*=6&$#%"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*f*0&]6"#'%&*'%'*6&],-%"('*4%*F6b0"*50"$6#"56"(%
['6*(#&64%*)(6"(*-0#"'*6>',&4%*?,d#9*"d/*=6&6w(^*D
Sachez, Monsieur, que tant va la cruche à l’eau qu’enfin elle se brise ; et, comme
dit fort bien cet auteur que je ne connais pas, l’homme est en ce monde ainsi que
l’oiseau sur la branche ; la branche est attachée à l’arbre ; qui s’attache à l’arbre
suit de bons préceptes, les bons préceptes valent mieux que les belles paroles
[…], les vaisseaux ont besoin d’un bon pilote, un bon pilote a de la prudence, la
prudence n’est point dans les jeunes gens, les jeunes gens doivent obéissance
aux vieux […], nécessité n’a point de loi, qui n’a point de loi vit en bête brute, et
106
par conséquent vous serez damné à tous les diables .
K"* &%40""6"(* f* 5%((%* F0&-%* 50,&(%E* =0=,96#&%* %(* =0)(#50H=3#90'0'0=3#?,%* '%'* 9%((&%'* 4%
"0>9%''%E*M0$6&#"6E*f*(&6$%&'*'0"*r,$&%*-l-%E*'d0==0'%*40"5*f*O0-*G,6"*?,#*50--%"(%
6$%5*-)=&#'*9%*>%9*%FF0&(*4%*'0"*$69%(*%"*'d%g596-6"(*D*j*;*9%*>%6,*&6#'0""%-%"(*m*kS*+d6,(%,&
4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*9,#E*"0,'*40""%*f*$0#&*?,%*9%*&%50,&'*6,*=&0$%&>%*%'(*(0,(*'6,F
&#4#5,9%*%(*?,%E*4d,"*=0#"(*4%*$,%*9#(()&6#&%E*(3)p(&69E*&3)(0&#?,%E*%'(3)(#?,%*%(*-)(6=3/'#?,%E
#9*-)&#(%&6#(*-l-%*4d6$0#&*,"%*=0'()&#()*q*%(*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*`69.&%*6*$%"])*8]6"6&%99%t
RKcKOpK&,%&"*-&:*)(2"1$2%)&'%-&:)#9%)B%-&2/'12(O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*9d0"*(&0,$%&6*b6*%(*9f*4%'*56'*4%*=&0$%&>%'*#"4,#('E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*4%'
])")&69#'6(#0"'*=0,$6"(*l(&%*0=)&)%'*=6&*9%*&)5%=(%,&*%"*F65%*4%*5%&(6#"%'*=3&6'%'*>#%"
=&)5#'%'*c*6#"'#*j*J0--%*(0->)*"d)-%(*=9,'*k*=0,&&6*l(&%*4)4,#(*4%*j*`0/%u*5%(*30--%
(0->)*?,#*"d)-%(*=9,'*k*[=S*1XX^*0o*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*9%*j*4#%,*(0->)*?,#*'%*'0,$#%"(
106
&N*-+D'%?&\*M&9#.:?&L%&L+A'%&$%&/*<(%?&01qJ?&/FII0F
1AX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
4%'*5#%,g*kE*9d30--%*6996"(*=%,(Hl(&%*-0,&#&*f*F0&5%*4%*(0->%&*[#5#E*'d#9*"d)-%(*=9,'E*5d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*?,d#9*%'(*4)Cf*-0&(^S
7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*%"*0=)&6"(E*f*96*=6]%*1XVE*,"%*50,=,&%*%"(&%*9%'*-0('*j*30--%*k*%(
j*(0,C0,&'*kE*0"*=0,&&6*=&0=0'%&*j*J0--%*(0,C0,&'*&%]6&4%*9%*5,9*k*?,#*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%
,"%*50"')?,%"5%*90]#?,%*%(*4#&%5(%*4%*j*8=%&-%*%"*(0,(*9#%,*'d%FF0&5%*f*=96#&%*k*)$0?,)
=&)5)4%--%"(S*O%*-l-%E*96*=&)(%"(#0"*3,-6#"%*6,*'6$0#&*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-0?,)%*46"'*96
=3&6'%*j*9%*O05(%,&*(0,C0,&'*6$6"(*96*-0&(*%"9.$%*'0"*=6"(690"*k*0o*5%9,#*?,#*'6#(E*9%*405(%E*9%
j*O05(%,&*k*'%->9%*(0,(*f*50,=*'0--)E*=6&*96*F0&5%*4%'*530'%'E*f*F6#&%*=&%,$%*4%*-04%'(#%
%(*4d3,-#9#()*F65%*f*96*-0&(*?,#*6&&#$%*D*#9*"%*&6#'0""%*=9,'E*F6#(*,"*=%,*-0#"'*9%*-69#"*%(*'%
4%''6#'#(*%"F#"*[5FS*j*%"9.$%*k^*4%*(0,'*'%'*6((&#>,('*3,-6#"'*q*#5#*$%'(#-%"(6#&%'*[5FS*j*'0"
=6"(690"*kÊ*=0,&*50--%"5%&S
7*96*=6]%*QQU*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*,"*=%"46"(*f*j*+d6-0,&*%'(*6$%,]9%*k*"0,'
'%->9%*',]])&)*46"'*96*'5."%*4%*9d%"(&)%*4d,"*-/'()&#%,g*"6#"*?,#*'%*(6#(*c*=&0=0'0"'*40"5*D
e7-0,&*"d6*=6'*4d*=6&09%eS*O6"'*9d64&%''%*6,*-%#99%,&*6-#*4%*9d30--%*-6#'*?,#*"%*=6&9%
=6'*46$6"(6]%*?,%*5%(*7-0,&*?,#*'%*(6#(*[5FS*j*B3#%"*?,#*6>0#%E*"%*>0,&40""%*=6'*k^*96"5)
=6&* +6* Z%--%* 8)-#"69%* [GSNSE* =S* LVÊ* 50--%"(* "%* =6'* $0#&E* %"* %"9%$6"(* 96* $#&],9%E* ,"
=&0$%&>%*6-,'6"(E*#"'09#(%*%(*#")4#(*h*a,6"(*6,*'%"'*4d#5%9,#E*#9*=0,&&6#(*l(&%*D*e+%'*536('*"%
F0"(*4%'*53#%"'e*[0,*=9,'*%g65(%-%"(*D*e+%'*53#%"'*"%*F0"(*=6'*4%'*6>%#99%'eÊ*f*-0#"'*?,d#9
"%*'d6]#''%*4d,"%*#"$#(%*f*F6#&%*9%'*530'%'*,"%*=6&*,"%E*6$%5*-)(304%*D*'0#(*0"*6>0#%E*'0#(
0"*>0,&40""%*[#9*F6,(*530#'#&*'0"*56-=^S
O,* &/(3-)* j* +%'* -6"409#"%'* '0"(* &6"])%'* \* `%,$%* <0#]"%(E* $6* (d50,53%&* k* [;SRSE
=S* @QL^* &6==%96"(* ,"* =%,* 9d3,-0,&* =6&F0#'* 9%'(%* f* 9dr,$&%* 46"'* D.:/7.E&E* 0"* =0,&&6#(
4)4,#&%*,"*=3#90'0=3%*j*`%,$%*<0#]"%(*$6,(*-#%,g*?,d#-=&0>6>9%*&)5#(69*k*)90#]")*4%*(0,(
&0-6"(#'-%*[9%'*j*-6"409#"%'*k*)(6"(*j*&6"])%'*kE*=0,&?,0#*&%'(%&*'0,'*96*9,"%*hÊ*#"$#(%
=&6]-6(#?,%* ?,#* F%&6#(* )530* f* j* 8%g,69#()* >#%"* 0&40"")%* 50--%"5%* =6&* '0#H-l-%k* [=S
@QVÊ* =&0$%&>%H-6"#F%'(%* %"* F6$%,&* 4%* 9d0"6"#'-%* %(* &6==%96"(* #50"0596'(%-%"(* eB36&#()
>#%"*0&40"")%*50--%"5%*=6&*'0#H-l-%e*$0#&%E*-6#'*4%*F6b0"*=9,'*$6],%*e**;"*"d%'(*C6-6#'
'#*>#%"*'%&$#*?,%*=6&*'0#H-l-%eS*7*9d#-6]%*4,*]%"&%*40"(*%99%*'d#"'=#&%E*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E
f*9d#"'(6&*4%'*$6&#6(#0"'*5#")-6(0]&6=3#?,%'*4d,"*N%'"6#'E*%'(*=6&F0#'*,"*>&#"*]&#$0#'%*%(
5d%'(*5%*?,#*%g=9#?,%*96*=&)'%"5%*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*50"'#4)&6(#0"'*0')%'*?,%*4d6,5,"'*=0,&&0"(
(&0,$%&* '56>&%,'%'S* O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&* %"F#"E* 0"* 4)4,#&6* 4d,"%* 536"'0"* )$0?,6"(* 96
<6''#0"* * j* a,#* -%(* 9%* 536=%6,* 4d)=#"%'* f* -#4#* '%* 50#FF%* 4dRMNR* 9%* $%"4&%4#* kE* =&0$%&>%
&%"$0/6"(*6,*56&65(.&%*#")9,5(6>9%E*-6(3)-6(#?,%E*4%*96*5&,5#F#g#0"E*eB0--%*0"*F6#(*'0"
9#(E*0"*'%*50,53%e*%(*',&(0,(*eB30'%*=&0-#'%E*530'%*4,%e*&%C0#]"6"(*=9,'*96{?,%-%"(*9d#4)%
%g=&#-)%S
M0"0>'(6"(E*0"*9%*'%"(*>#%"E*(0,(%'*5%'*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"'*F&#'%"(*9%*F6&F%9,*c*6,*&%'(%E*5%'
=&0$%&>%'*#"4,#('*'0"(*4%'*56'*>#%"*#'09)'*%(*"0,'*=&)F)&%&0"'*50"59,&%*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%
%"* -%((6"(* 9d655%"(* ',&* 5%5#* D* 9%'* (%53"#?,%'* 4,* =&0$%&>%* [(%99%'* ?,d%g=9#?,)%'* 5#H6$6"(
=6&* 796#"* N%/^* %(* 96* F0&5%* 4d6FF#&-6(#0"* \* =%&5,''#0"* ?,#* %'(* 96* '#%""%* 0"(* %"* F6#(* ',&(0,(
f* $0#&* 6$%5* 9%* '(/9%* -l-%* 4%* 9d6,(%,&* [%(* 5d%'(* =%,(Hl(&%* -l-%* 96* &6#'0"* =0,&* 96?,%99%E
f* F0&5%* 4%* '%* 50"F&0"(%&* 6$%5* 9%* (%g(%E* 9d0"* 5&0#(* %"* $0#&* =6&(0,(E* 4d0o* 9%* 56'* =6&(#5,9#%&
4%'* =&0$%&>%'* #"4,#('^* %(* 9%'* 0=(#0"'* ?,d#9* =&%"4* D* 6FF#&-6(#0"'* "%* '%->96"(* =6'* '0,FF&#&
9d0==0'#(#0"E* '(&,5(,&%'* '/"(6g#?,%'* '0,$%"(* '#-#96#&%'E* %g=&%''#0"* 4d,"* F6(69#'-%* '0,'H
C65%"(E*4d,"%*#&0"#%*',>(#9%E*4d,"*=%''#-#'-%*'05#69*[%(*',&*96*"6(,&%*-l-%*4%*9d30--%Ê
F0&-,96(#0"'*56()]0&#?,%'*6/6"(*9d6==6&%"5%*4%*=6&640g%'*f*56,'%*4%*9d%FF%(*4%*',&=&#'%
=&04,#(*%(*%"F#"*[%(*',&(0,(*m^*'0,5#*#-=)&#%,g*4,*&/(3-%*4%*F6b0"*])")&69%*q*,"*'0,5#*?,#
'%*&%(&0,$%E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*=6&(0,(E*f*536?,%*=3&6'%*%(*4%*?,%9?,%*)5&#(*[=#.5%'E*%''6#'
0,*-l-%*#"(%&$#%~'^*?,d#9*'d6]#''%S
1AT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
UK&?/&)*::#)(&#)0*/231%&T&$*&$*/01%&%(&*1&)=(<5%
UKOK&]2)%.&)25%&%(&)=(<5%&+&[&]=(<51-&i&]=(<51-&i&\
O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*QXTÊ*#9*%'(*)5&#(*D*j*Gd',#'*9d&0#*4,*&/(3-%*k*c*5%((%*6FF#&-6(#0"E*0"
9d6,&6#(*>#%"*$,%*'0,'*96*=9,-%*4%*B)9#"%*q*-6#'E*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%*(#(&%E*96*50,&0""%*%"
?,%'(#0"E*9d6,(%,&*4%*N9S.0&'.#'=9#7'(&':.'8#$7*6*,"*')&#%,g*50"5,&&%"(*%"*96*=%&'0""%*4%
M0$6&#"6E*5%*4%&"#%&*%'(*-l-%*9%*'%,9*)5&#$6#"*50"(%-=0&6#"*?,d0"*=,#''%*0==0'%&*f*B)9#"%
4%*5%*=0#"(*4%*$,%*c*50"$%"0"'*40"5*?,%E*46"'*96*9#(()&6(,&%*F&6"b6#'%*50"(%-=0&6#"%*5%
'0"(*>%9*%(*>#%"*9%'*&0#'*4,*&/(3-%*q*%(*4,*&#&%*m*I6#'*9d%FF%(*4%*&/(3-%E*4%*&#&%*%(*4%*$#%*=%,(
)]69%-%"(*l(&%*0>(%",*=6&*96*&#-%*c*"%*5#(0"'*?,%*j*K50,(%*]6&b0"*-0"*5&6=6,4*5%*?,%*-%
4#'6#(*-0"*]&6"4H=.&%*9%*$%6,*k*[BSJSE*=S*W@U^*%(*j*<p(.&%E*Cd6#*9dF0,*?,#*>p#99%*m*Bd%'(*>#%"
-0"*F#9'E*F0,'H/*4d96*=6#99%*kS*O6"'*5%*4%,g#.-%*%g%-=9%E*9d6=0'(&0=3%*[j*9dF0,*kE*j*4d96*k^
C0,%*%"50&%*,"*&s9%*46"'*9d#-=&%''#0"*])")&69*4%*&/(3-%E*4%*-,'#569#()S
O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[-6#'*6,''#*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E
=S* WLL* D* j* Bd%'(* * -0"'(&,%,g* 50--%* 5%'* 536"'0"'* '0"(* 50"'* kÊ* 0"* '%->9%* 53%&53%&
[%(* 0"* (&0,$%&6* =6&F0#'^* 96* F6-%,'%* j* &#-%* f* B0&>#990"* k* ['0&(%* 4%* P&669* "0$6&#"#%"^* D
j*G%6"*?,d%"*4#(H0"*h*k*[=S*1XÊ*j*B%((%*$#%*46"'*9%'*'(6(#0"'*F6$0&#'6*-6*&)F9%g#0"*k*[=S
@1L^*0,*j*G%*',#'*G%6"*856&46>90"*?,#*=6&9%*=0,&*9%'*+6=0"'*%(*9%'*]%"'*4d6>6"40"*k*[=S
@UT^* c* f* 96* =6]%* QQ* 4,* H989:90#&' (56().?&:&*+* ["0,$%99%* )4#(#0"Ê* 0"* 6,&6* j* a,#* -%
&)5#(%E*(l(%*f*?,%,%*%(*40'*4%*=0#''0"E*96*',#(%*>l(6''%*4,*&)5#(0"*h*k*%(*46"'*45J%I)&77&
$?.0$8.$)&E* 5%* '%&6* -l-%* ,"* F%'(#$69* 50-#?,%* 4%* &#-%'* %"* j* 0"* k* D* j* 5&0,=%(0"'E
?,6(d*=#'(0"'E*%g)5,(#0"E*536-=#]"0"E*-#&9#(0"E*65(#0"E*:%u0"'E*20,90"E*=)0"'E*&#==6(0"'E
536"'0"E*6&=#0"'*5&0,=#0"'E*50"F,'#0"*k*[==S*XQHXWÊ*'6"'*0,>9#%&*j*u#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"*kE
j*u#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"*k*j*_#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"*k*%(*j*u#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"Hu#0"*k*q*9%
'0"*j*u#0"*k*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*&6==&053%&*4%*j*'5#0"'*k*%(*4%*8#0"S
B%96* 4#(E* 4d6,(&%'* &#-%'* 3,-0&#'(#?,%'* =0,&&0"(* "0,'* l(&%* =&0=0')%'* 50--%
j*>#99%$%')%'*k*\*k*&#')%'*k*[$8*OS7SÊ*j*I69*(d%"*=&#(E*-696==&#'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@W1^*0,*j*Gd6#*=%#"(
,"*53#%"*%"*>9%,*D*Cd6#*F6#(*O#%,*4%*-0"*-#%,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*1V^S*O6"'*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[5FS
j*N0-6"(#?,%H536"'0"H4,H50"H4%H:)&#%*kE*=S*WU1Ê*0"*6$6#(*9%'*&#-%'*5&0#')%'*j*I0?,%(*k*\
j*0,C%4f*k*\*j*F0,''%>)*k*\*j*F0,H>&6'*k*%(*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*0"*6,&6*9%'*&#-%'
j*',>(%&F,]%*k\*j$%&-#F,]%*kE*j*F0,(#-6''%*k\*j6>0&46''%*k*%(*j*=6"64%*k\*k*'6,464%*k*[=S
@AW^S*<6&F0#'E*#9*/*6*4%'*%FF%('*4d#"'#'(6"5%E*96*&#-%*)(6"(*5%&(%'*&%=&#'%*-6#'*,"*=%,*6,(&%-%"(
[;S*RSE*=S*XX^*D*j*O#'=%&'%uH$0,'E*=%&'0""%*536"(6"(%*m*56&*$0(&%*=&)'%"5%*"d%'(*=6'*=&0>6"(%
|t}* 56&* $0(&%* 6>'%"5%* %'(* )=6(6"(%* kS* <6&F0#'E* "0,'* '0--%'* %"* =&)'%"5%* 4%* $)&#(6>9%'
=0.-%'E*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*$%&'#F#)'E*-6#'*=&)'%"()'*50--%*4%*96*=&0'%S*7#"'#*4%*I,]%0"*46"'
4&*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*D
Monsieur Hoquet, toute la ménagerie attend (ces culs sont morts apparemment),
voyez ces dos plantés, il faut les faire tourner, ces agités sont des zéros,
Monsieur Hoquet donnez-leur chaud !
R5#E*=0(%"(#%99%-%"(E*"0,'*'0--%'*4%$6"(*,"%*50-=(#"%E*,"*=0.-%*,"*=%,*6>',&4%E*?,%
"0,'*4)50-=0'%&0"'*%"*4%,g*?,6(&6#"'E*9d,"*50"(%"6"(*4%'*&#-%'*%->&6'')%'*%(*9d6,(&%'
4%'*&#-%'*5&0#')%'*D
Monsieur Hoquet, toute la ménagerie attend (ces culs sont morts apparemment),
voyez ces dos plantés, il faut les faire tourner, ces agités sont des zéros,
Monsieur Hoquet Donnez leur chaud !
O%'*69%g6"4&#"'*'d#--#'5%"(*=6&F0#'*50--%*46"'*F&'/#$/*[f*96*=6]%*QA^*D*j*I%'*>&6'*'0"(
=0')'*9f*>6996"(*50--%*4%'*-6"53%'S*kE*5%*?,#*&6==%99%*,"*=%,*9%'*j*-6#]&%'*0&=3%9#"'
1AU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
')536"(*50--%*,"%*F9%,&*k*4%*B36&9%'*:6,4%96#&%S*R9*/*6*46"'*5%&(6#"'*69%g6"4&#"'*,"%*&#-%
f*9d3)-#'(#53%E*5%*?,#*&%C0#"(*96*50-=(#"%E*9d)=#]&6--%*%(*9%*'#u6#"*c*0"*%"*(&0,$%*%"*F6#(*4.'
D.:/7.E&*[j*O6-%E*'#*C%*',#'*F0,E*5d%'(*f*56,'%*4%*$0,'*k^*%(*46"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*[96
?,%'(#0"*)(6"(*,"*%-=&,"(*f*P0,"04^*D*j*B0""6#'H(,*96*&)]#0"*0,*F9%,&#(*9%*5#(&0"*h*k*[=S*QL^S
O6"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87E*0"*6,&6*j*B90,*?,#*(%*5&0#(*=0#"(,E*(%*(0,&"%*=6'*6,(0,&*4d-0"*5,9*k
%(*j*0"*%'(*4d6550&4*',&*5%&(6#"'*=0#"('E*',&*4d6,(&%'*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*k*[=S*@1U^S*O6"'*4&
<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*1WVÊ*0"*6*,"*6,(&%*%g%-=9%*4%*&#-%*f*B0&>#990"**6$%5
9%'*=&0=0'#(#0"'*&#-)%'*?,#*',#$%"(*D*j*96*',#(%*>l(6''%*4,*&)5#(0"*kE*j*74&6-)9%53*',&*'0"
)53%90"*kE*j*#9*=%,(*56,'%&E*=6&9%&*96=0"*kE*j*Bd)(6#(*9%*C0,&*4%*96*86#"(HB0530"*kE*j*$#$%'
'0&(#%'*4%*96*'0,(%*f*O6]0"*kS*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*WXQÊ*0"*6*,"*C%,*&/(3-)\&#-)
4d0==0'#(#0"'*50"5%&"6"(*j*P90#&%*6,g*",)%'*k*%(*j*Z&6==%*F0&(E*<09%(*m*kE*%g%-=9%*=6&-#
4d6,(&%'S*+d)$09,(#0"*4%*9dr,$&%*50"5%&"6"(*96*&#-%*[4#'0"'*f*=6&(#&*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&gB
5d%'(*?,d%99%'*'%*$0#%"(*=9,'*F65#9%-%"(*=,#'?,d%99%'*F0"(*=9,'*596#&%-%"(*=6&(#%*4%*536"'0"'
['0,$%"(*50,&(%'^*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%'*-6#'*0"*=0,&&6*?,6"4*-l-%*(&0,$%&*>%6,50,=*4%*&#-%'
46"'*9%'*4#690],%'*%(*6,(&%'*=6&(#%'*"0"*536"()%'*.'%)$9)$*q*.'%)$9)$*56&*6=&.'*5d%'(*f*9d65(%,&
4%*4)5#4%&E*M0$6&#"6*)(6"(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*=9,(s(*'0,=9%*46"'*5%*40-6#"%S
B%96* =0')E* 9d6>'%"5%* 4%* &#-%* =0,&&6* l(&%* 9#)%* f* ,"* )53%5* 40"(* #9* 'd6]#&6#(* =%,(Hl(&%
4d6"69/'%&*9%'*56,'%'*%(*9%'*50"')?,%"5%'*D*5d%'(*?,%E*4)=90&%H(H0"E*j*<%,=9%*k*"d6*=6'*4%
&#-%'*f*=6&(*j*&%=%,=9%*kE*j*4)=%,=9%*k*%(*j*',&=%,=9%*k*D*#9*/*6*40"5*50--%*,"%*'09#(,4%
4,*-0(*j*=%,=9%*k*[$0#&%*,"*(&6]#?,%*4,*=%,=9%E*,"*O&6-%*4,*=%,=9%^*-6#'*#9*'%*(&0,$%*?,%
5d%'(*=6&%#9*[%(*-l-%*=#&%^*4%*9d6,(&%*5s()*4%*96*>6&&#.&%*=,#'?,%*j*=0,&=&%*k*[=6&*0==0'#(#0"
f*j*=%,=9%*kÊ*50,9%,&*)$0?,6"(*%(*'/->09#'6"(*9%'*F6'(%'*%(*9%*59#"?,6"(*4d,"*-0"4%*)90#]")
4,*=0=,96#&%*"d6E*9,#E*?,%*j*'d%-=0,=&%*k*D*j*=%,=9%*k*%(*j*=0,&=&%*k*'0"(*40"5*50-#?,%-%"(
=&)'%"()'*50--%*4%'*-0('*(&6]#?,%'E*$0,)'*f*96*'09#(,4%*f*56,'%*4d,"*-6"?,%*4%*&#-%'
[-6#'*5d%'(*,"%*'09#(,4%*?,#*4%$&6#(*=0,$0#&*9%'*&6==&053%&^S
;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*'0,FF&#&*4%*j*"%*=9,'*(&0,$%&*",99%H=6&(H%"H'0#H"#H-0#H96H&#-%*k*[;SNSE*=S
@WQÊ*9d%g=&%''#0"*F6#'6"(*)530*f*96*F6-%,'%*j*-,'#?,%*%"*'0#*k*?,#E*'%90"*B)9#"%E*=%&-%((&6#(
4%*j*F6#&%*46"'%&*96*$#%*kS*:&%FE*96*&#-%*%'(*(0,(*'6,F*,"*0&"%-%"(*D*?,%*5%*'0#(*=0,&*9%'
=%&'0""6]%'E*=0,&*9%'*65(%,&'E*=0,&*9d6,(%,&*0,*=0,&*9%*&)5%=(%,&*[0,*=0,&*9%'*-0('*%,gH
-l-%'Ê* %99%* 50"'(#(,%* ,"* &%=.&%* F0&(E* ,"* =0#"(* 4d6"5&6]%* F0"46-%"(69* D* 6,* F0"4E* =6&* 9%
40,>9%-%"(*?,d%99%*#-=9#?,%E*96*&#-%*&%C0#"(*96*&%'=#&6(#0"S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*[=S*@T1Ê*0"
)-%((&6*-l-%*9d#4)%*?,%*j*|96}*=%"')%*3,-6#"%*%'(*&#-)%*k*D
D’ailleurs vous vous rimez bien, vous ses deux bras, hé vous, là-bas ! Si je vous
laisse seuls, ses bras : vous rimez avec mes deux pieds, hé mes bras, vous
finirez en boîte de bois.
UKRK&J)#-%&%(&"<*/(&+&$P2'2#)=(<52%&/#9*)2/2%//%
UKRKOK&I/4$1%/"%&'1&Y#=%/&D0%
O%'*)5&#$6#"'*50--%*B3&)(#%"*4%*2&0/%'*%(*P,#996,-%*4%*I6536,(*=0,&*?,#*-,'#?,%*%(
9#(()&6(,&%* "%* F6#'6#%"(* ?,d,"E* 0"(* '6"'* 40,(%* #"F9,%"5)* 9d6,(%,&* 4,* @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* c* 5%
@AU
* *
4%&"#%&*"0,'*50"'%#99%*4d6#99%,&'E*46"'*,"*%"(&%(#%"*6550&4)*f*96*&%$,%*K*+&)O9* E*4%*"0,'
&%''0,&5%&*6,*-)4#)$69*c*=9%#"*4d%"(30,'#6'-%E*#9*'d%g596-%*%"*%FF%(*D
@AU
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*a,64&6(,&%*kE*%"(&%(#%"E*K*+&)O9E*0=S*5#(S*=S*@TS
1AL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
Changez de classiques ! L’antiquité tardive, les Pères grecs, le moyen âge
cachent des trésors de force vive pour les modernes : Joyce, Cingria, Cendrars,
Claudel, Marinetti, Picabia, Cravan s’y sont quotidiennement alimentés.
+%'*536"'0"'*=0=,96#&%'*[%(*>#%"*'z&*9%'*6#&'*4d0=)&%((%^*'%->9%"(*9d#"F9,%"5%&*)]69%-%"(*c
46"'*'0"*=&#"5#=%*-l-%E*5%9,#*4d,"%*4)59#"6#'0"*4d0&]6"%'*%(*4%*=6&(#%'E*5653)%'*0,*"0"E
4,*50&='*3,-6#"E*9%*j*(&0#'#.-%*4,0*%"(&%*9d;,$&#%&*;,#5%='*%(*96*O6-%*6,(05)=369%*k*[==S
@1TH@Q@^*&%''%->9%*>%6,50,=*f*j*Gd6#*96*&6(%*?,#*'d4#96(%*kE*536"'0"*f*&6==&053%&*4,*]%"&%
50-#?,%*(&0,=#%&*D*#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%*5%*4,0*&%9.$%*6,''#*4,*>96'0"*6-0,&%,g*%(*"d%'(H5%*=6'
,"*(0,&*4%*F0&5%*?,%*4d6&&#$%&*f*&%9#%&*5%'*4%,g*(&64#(#0"'*h
;,(&%*96*'%g(#"%*?,%*"0,'*)(,4#%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4*%(*96*F6(&6'#%*4)Cf*)$0?,)%E*9%*>96'0"
F6#(*%"*%FF%(*=6&(#%*4%'*(&64#(#0"'*6"5#%""%'*[6"5#%""%'*56&*5%((%*(&64#(#0"*50"5%&"%*6,''#*9%
'#.59%*4%*N0"'6&4^*?,%*&%$#'#(%*M0$6&#"6S*7,g*=6]%'*@@VH@1AH@1@*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&
=6&* %g%-=9%E* 0"* (&0,$%&6* ,"* >96'0"* 56""#>69#?,%-%"(* (0=0&#%"E* 536?,%* =6&(#%* 4,* 50&='
[>0,53%E*/%,gE*=#%4'E*j*]%"(#9*=d(#(*>96#&*kE*-%"(0"E*j*-6#"'*=0(%9)%'*kE*j*>%99%'*0&%#99%'*k^
F6#'6"(*9d0>C%(*4d,"*4)'#&*6->#],*4%*=0''%''#0"\#"]%'(#0"*D*j*Cd$0,4&6#'*=6&*]0,&-6"4#'%*\
B30#'#&*',&*(0#*?,.?,d530'%*4d#"()&%''6"(*|t}*Bd?,%*Cd$%,g*5d%'(*(%'*)=6,9%'*'#*=,&%'*\*;o
5d?,d/*6*,"%*%"$#%*4%*50"F#(,&%*k*%(*5%((%*$%#"%*6-0,&%,'%*&%=&%"4&6*46"'*4.'K*G8&*6$%5*96
-#"#H9#'(%*4%'*j*0&]6"%'*?,%*Cd6#-%*)"0&-)-%"(*k*[6=&.'*=&#'%*%"*=30(0*j*4%*$0'*4%46"'*k^*D
j*Gd6#-%*(6*59)4,9%E*(0"*0'*'=6&"6''#?,%E*C%*'%"'*(0"*'?,%9%((%*-d%"$63#&*k*[=S*TW^S*I6#'
9%* >96'0"* 50-#?,%* =0,&&6* 6,''#* 50"5%&"%&* 4%'* =6&(#%'* 4%* '0"* =&0=&%* 50&='* [5%* ?,#* %'(
(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"^*50--%*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*WV^*0o*G%6"*2%&&#%&*=6''%*%"*&%$,%*'0"
%'(0-65E*'6*>0,53%E*'0"*=0,-0"E*'0"*'6"]E*'%'*j*(&0,'*4%*$#%*k*%(*-l-%*'6*=%"')%S
;,(&%*?,d0"*40""%*96*=6&09%*f*4%'*%"(#()'*6>'(&6#(%'*50--%*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*4,*I0/%"
7]%E* #9* /* 6* 6,''#* %(* ',&(0,(* 4%'* (0,&",&%'* 4%* =3&6'%'* ?,#* =%,$%"(* =6&6w(&%* -)4#)$69%'
50--%E*f*96*=6]%*@@@*4%*4.'K*G8&*D*j*<0#"(*4%*$#%*3,-6#"%*%'(*%"*"0,'*%(*5%=%"46"(*|t}*k
0,*>#%"*j*O#(%'*f*5%'(,#*5646$&%*?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*9f*k*[$8*BSJS*&%=&#'*46"'*4&*Q&%./E*=S
XA^S*7,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*j*O%*?,0#*=%&'0""%*"d%"*-0(*=#=6*h*k*[$8*IS7SE*"0,$%99%*)4SE*=S*X1^S
7,*F0"4E*96*'/"(6g%*=6&F0#'*50-=9.(%-%"(*536->0,9)%*4%'*=#.5%'*4,*4)>,(*50&&%'=0"4
=%,(Hl(&%*%"*=6&(#%*f*4%'*&)-#"#'5%"5%'*4,*j*(%-='*C64#'*k*50--%*46"'*j*9%'*-0&#>0"'
%"50&%* $#$6"('* "0,'* #-=90&6#%"(* (&6$%&'* 4%'* 50&='* 40"(* 9%,&* 50,=#0"'* 96* (l(%* =0,&* =6'
%"(%"4&%*9%,&'*'0"'*?,#*'%*=96#]"%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*1AW^*-6#'*9%*3#5E*5d%'(*?,%*-l-%*'#*(0,(
"d%'(*=6'*50-=9.(%-%"(*F6,g*['/"(6g#?,%-%"(*=6&96"(Ê*(0,(*'%->9%*6$0#&*)()*50-#?,%-%"(
-69*4#])&)S*<6&F0#'E*5d%'(*=9,'*&),''#*[-6#'*(0,(*6,''#*#"50"]&,^*D*j*<#(#)E*=,#''6"(*'%#]"%,&E
"%* -%* 50]"%u* 9%* =#F* m* k* [7S`SE* =S* 1Q^* 0,* j* 96* F0&-%* %g65(%* ?,d6$#0"'* 4,* (%-='* ?,d)(#0"'
=0,=6&4*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@UUÊ*9%*j*"0,'*k*6>'%"(*50&&%'=0"46"(*4%*F6#(*f*4d6"5#%""%'*F6b0"'
4%*=6&9%&S
K"F#"E*9%*'(/9%*$090"(6#&%-%"(*6-=0,9)*4,*Q9?.8'*9?$"#&*4%*856&&0"*'%->9%*&%50"4,#(
46"'*4%'*=3&6'%'*50--%*j*9%*'09%#9*>&,(6"(*'6*-p53%*=0,&*4)],%&=#&*'6*4&65%*]#'')%*6,
&)50,(6]%*4%'*(&0"46#'0"'*'%*3#''%*%"*,"*'6,(*4d)"%&]#%*?,#*9,#*s(%*(0,(*&%'(6"(*k*[:SBSOSE
=S* Q1@^* %(* 0"* 6,&6* 4d6,(&%'* '(&,5(,&%'* '/"(6g#?,%'* $%"6"(* =9,(s(* 4%* 5%((%* )=0?,%* 0,* 4,
.-%
i`RRR
*?,%*4,*I0/%"*7]%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(*[6#"'#E*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*j*2,*9d6'*$0,9,
F6#&%*6$%5*(0,'*(%'*/%,g*kE*%(5S^S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*%(*50--%*9%*&%-6&?,%*B)9#"%*J%&'6"(
@AL
46"'*j*O%*F#9*%"*6#],#99%*D*9%*(#''6]%*4,*(%g(%*k E*96*=3&6'%*"0$6&#"#%""%*"d%'(*=6'*6'',C%((#%
f*9d0&4&%*4,*j*',C%(H$%&>%H50-=9)-%"(*k*[2S<SE*=S*@AÊ*j*5d%'(HfH4#&%*f*9d0&4&%*4%*96*',55%''#0"
46"'*9%*(%-='*%(*9d%'=65%*k*[5%96*50"F#&-%*5%*?,%*"0,'*4#'#0"'*',&*96*j*2%-=0-0>#9%*k^S
@AL
**B)9#"%*J%&'6"(E*j*O%*F#9*%"*6#],#99%*D*9%*(#''6]%*4,*(%g(%*kE*4.*<9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*Q@S
1AV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
UKRKRK&J)E-%/"%&'%&$*&"<*/-#/
;"*$0#(*?,%*96*4#FF)&%"5%*%"(&%*=&0'%*%(*536"(*"d%g#'(%*=&%'?,%*=6'*53%u*M0$6&#"6*D*%"*F6#(E
#5#E*(0,(*'%*536"(%*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*q*,"*=%,*50--%*f*9d)=0?,%*4%'*2&0,>640,&'S*M0"0>'(6"(E
9%*j*(&0,96>0,&6(%,&*k*?,d%'(**M0$6&#"6*'%->9%*6,''#*'d#"()&%''%&*6,g*F0&-%'*-04%&"%'*?,%
=%,$%"(*&%$l(#&*96*-,'#?,%*%(*9%*536"(S
Bd%'(* 6#"'#* ?,%* 96* 536"'0"* F&6"b6#'%* 50"(%-=0&6#"%* "d%'(* =6'* 0,>9#)%* 46"'* 96* 9#'(%
50"5%&"6"(* O#%,* 4%* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* c* 0"* /* "0(%* 96* 4)F#"#(#0"* 5)9.>&%* 4%* j* 9d30--%
f*96*(l(%*4%*530,*k*?,#*6*4#(*j*O#%,*%'(*,"*F,-%,&*4%*36$6"%'*k*[-6#'*6,''#*j*O#%,*%'(
C,#F*kE*=S*QVL^* %(* 5%99%E*%"50&%* =9,'*',&=&%"6"(%E* 4dJ,>%&(HZ)9#g* 23#)F6#"%* D* j* O#%,* %'(* ,"
F0g* f* =0#9*4,&*k*[%(*"0(0"'* ?,%* G03"* +%""0"*'%&6* )]69%-%"(* )$0?,)* f* 96* =6]%* QVUE* ?,#
"0,'* j* F&%40""%* k* ?,%* j* O#%,* %'(* ,"* 50"5%=(* 6,* -0/%"* 4,?,%9* "0,'* -%',&0"'* "0(&%
=%#"%*k^S*K"*9#'6"(*9%'*=6]%'*QXXHQXT*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0"*'%*'0,$#%"4&6*=%,(Hl(&%
4d,"%*536"'0"*(&6]#H50-#?,%*4%*:&#]#((%*Z0"(6#"%*46"'*96?,%99%*,"%*(%&&#>9%*53,(%*"0,'*%'(
=6&640g69%-%"(*&650"()%*4%*9d#"()&#%,&*6$%5*,"%*'0&(%*4%*F9%]-%*#-=%&(,&>6>9%*%(*,"*9,g%
4%*4)(6#9'*(%53"#?,%'E*0>C%5(#F'*%(*'5#%"(#F#?,%'E*%g65(%-%"(*50--%*=0,&*9%*50-=(%H&%"4,
4d,"%*%g=)&#%"5%*'(0{5#%""%*D*?,d0"*(0->%*0,*?,%*9d#--%,>9%*'d)5&6'%E*0"*"d/*=%,(*=9,'
&#%"*q*6,(6"(*9d655%=(%&S
20,C0,&'*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*5d%'(*f*,"%*536"'0"*4%*G65?,%'*O,(&0"5*[5FS*j*Gd6#
)()*]%"(#9*f*<0&(HP%"(#9E*Cd6#*)()*%&&6"(*f*2)3)&6"*kE*%(5S^*?,%*96*536"'0"*4%*`)$)*+,5(,*[5FS
9#'(%*4%'*=6]%'*QXQHQXW^*"0,'*F%&6*'0"]%&*[-6#'*6$%5*%"*=9,'*4%'*&)F)&%"5%'*>#>9#?,%'^*D*j*7
R''0#&%E*Cd6#*$,*9d(&0,*"0#&*c*f*+/0"E*4%'*&)65(#0"'*c*f*P%".$%E*Cd6#*(&0,$)*K$%*c*f*86#"(HG,9#%"E
'0"*F#9'*B6{"*kE*%(5S*<0,&*j*Cd6&&6536#'*4%'*6&>&%'*f*96*=%99%*k*[BSJSE*=S*Q@1Ê*0"*=%"'%&6*6,g
j*F%,#99%'*-0&(%'*k*4%*<&)$%&(*%(*B0'-6*%(E*f*96*=6]%*1AQE*#9*'%&6*?,%'(#0"*4d,"%*536"'0"
4%*:0,&$#9*D*j*_.F*f*<9s*)50,(%*86964%*4%*F&,#(*kS*O%*-l-%E*96*j*&6(%*F9%,&#%H%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@1U^
=0,&&6*&6==%9%&*,"*6#&*4d0=)&%((%*0o*#9*%'(*?,%'(#0"*4%*j*&0,(%*F9%,&#%*kS
<0,&* F6#&%* 699,'#0"* f* 4d6,(&%'* r,$&%'E* "0(0"'* ?,df* 96* =6]%* 1TQ* 4,* @$/*9#)/' .#A
.8$?.#AE*0"*=%"'%&6*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*f*,"%*536"'0"*-)50"",%*4d7u"6$0,&*[6$%5*4%'*C%,g
',&*j*56&(%*k*%(*j*)56&(%*k^*c*4%*-l-%E*%(*%"50&%*=9,'*',&=&%"6"(*D*0,(&%*96*&)F)&%"5%*>#>9#?,%
[f*6?9/Ê*9%*9%{(-0(#$%*j*I693%,&*f*(0#*k*=0,&&6*&6==%99%&*9%*j*869,(*f*(0#*k*4%'*:%&,&#%&*"0#&E
536"'0"*-0&69%*-6#'*6]&%''#$%E*f*9d#-6]%*4%'*-69)4#5(#0"'*=&0F)&)%'*=6&*+d7"(3&0=0596'(%
[;SNSE* ==S* @X@H@X1H@XQH@XWH@XX^S* K"F#"E* 6=&.'* :0,&$#9* %(* +0,#'* 4%* Z,".'E* #9* )(6#(* ,"* =%,
6"0&-69*4d0,>9#%&*9%*(&0#'#.-%*96&&0"*4%*96*4#$#"%*(&#"#()*50-#?,%*F&6"b6#'%*%(*96*965,"%*'%&6
-6]#'(&69%-%"(*50->9)%*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*0o*B3&#'(#6"*<6550,4*C0,%&6*=0,&*"0,'*4&
L.809*>9)/&E*?,d#--0&(69#'6*Z%&"6"4%9S*+d6#&*%'(*%"50&%*=6&04#)*46"'*,"%*'5."%*C0,)%*=6&
O0-#"#?,%*<6&%"(*[j*9%*O0-#"#?,%*kE*50--%*4#(*96*536"'0"^*6$%5*4%'*%FF%('*4d6=0'(&0=3%
50-#?,%-%"(*#-=&0>6>9%'*[5FS*j*5d(d6&>&#''%6,*k^S*a,6"(*f*7"4&)6'E*?,#*%'(*9%*=&)"0-*4,
96>0&6"(#"*?,#*6''#'(%*9%*=&0F%''%,&*N6/-0"4*4%*96*-6(#.&%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*699,'#0"*f
,"%*536"'0"*=%,*50"",%*4%*:0>>/*+6=0#"(%*[5FS*j*7"4&)6E*5d%'(*(0#*kE*%(5S^S
UKRKUK&d%-&-(*/'*)'-&)%92-2(E:&%FE*#9*'%*&)F.&%*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*50"'5#%--%"(*f*4%'*6#&'*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*=0=,96#&%'*[0,*?,#
9%*F,&%"(^*50--%*96*536"'0"*f*96*]90#&%*4,*j*<.&%*O,=6"90,=*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*1VT^*?,%*B)9#"%
)$0?,%*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*H9)7'\'*)I($7E*j*I646-%*96*-6&?,#'%*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*@UV^*0o*96*50-=(#"%
4%*<#%&&0(*&%(&6$6#99)%*46"'*j*;,$&%H-0#*96*=0&(%E*C%*"d6#*=9,'*4%*:$&#*k*[8SE*=S*@WT^S
j*Gd6#*96*&6(%*?,#*'d4#96(%*k*'%*&%(&0,$%&6*f*96*=6]%*W@V*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*=#.5%
0o* '0"(* -l-%* #"$%"()'* 4%'* '(6"46&4'* 40"(* 0"* '%* 4%-6"4%* f* ?,0#* #9'* =0,&&6#%"(* >#%"
50&&%'=0"4&%* c* "0(0"'* j* 9d6#&* 4%'* ?,#99%'* k* [=S* QVWÊ* j* <056&4/* k* [=S* QV@Ê* j* 9%* ]&6"4* 6#&
1@A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
86-'0-* k* [=S* QVVÊ* j* <96"/d'* k* [=S* WQ1HQÊ* j* +%'* K90"]6(#0"'* 4%* <,#'%((%* k* [=S* WQQÊ
j* +%* 536"(* 4dJ,&%H9#6"4%* k* [=S* WAÊ* j* +d6#&* 4%* 96* $#%* =6''6].&%k* [=S* WQTÊ* j* +d6#&* Z0"4
4,*+,-#.&%*k*[=S*WVVÊ*j*+d6#&*O,HZ0"4HO,HI0"4%*k*[=S*WVAÊ*j*+d6#&*4%'*85)6"5%'*k*[=S
WV1Ê*j*+d6#&*4%'*I6'?,%'*k*[=S*QUXÊ*j*9d6#&*4%*96*26"],%*k*[=S*WTUÊ*j*+d6#&*4,*<,#''6"(
#"$%&(#''%-%"(*k*[=S*W11Ê*j*+d6#&*4,*,(*k*[=S*WVQÊ*j*+d6#&*-0&69*k*[=S*WVVÊ*j*+d6#&*2%-=%&6-H
KC,'H+6->%(*k*[=S*WVA^*%(*j*+6*536"'0"*'0((%*4%'*4%,g*C0,FF96"('*k*[=S*QW@^S*8#*9d#4)%*4d6#&
&%$#%"(*'#*'0,$%"(*[j*C0,FF96"('*k*&6==%96"(*'0,FF96"('Ê*5d%'(*?,%*9d6#&*?,%*9d0"*536"(%*&%"$0#%*f
5%9,#*?,%*9d0"*&%'=#&%*c*=0,&*M0$6&#"6E*5%96*'%*50"F0"4*D*(0,(*%'(*$#%E*-,'#?,%*%(*-0,$%-%"(S
<0,&(6"(E*9%'*-,'#5#%"'*"%*'0"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*3,-6#"'*=,#'?,d#9*/*6*4%'*j*0&53%'(&%'
f*=0&5'*k*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,%*9%'*6,4#(%,&'*=&)'%"('*"%*'0"(*=6'*(&.'*-)90-6"%'*%(
?,%* 5%96* &%$#%"(* f* 40""%&* 4%* 96* 50"F#(,&%* 6,g* 50530"'S* O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE
0"*536"(%&6*9%*j*536"(*4d%'=0#&*=0&53#?,%*k*[=S*1AVÊ*96*j*536"'0"*4,*5p>9%*k*[=S*Q@QÊ*96
j*536"'0"*f*'#9%"5%*k*[=S*1QL^*%(*96*j*536"'0"*4%'*>l(%'*f*40,u%*=6'*k*[=S*@VQ^S*O6"'*4&
@).?&'(&':.';$&E*4%*"0,$%6,g*6#&'*'%&0"(*=&0=0')'*50--%*9%*j*]&6"4*6#&*4,*4)]0z(*k*[=S*@UT^
%(*j*9d6#&*4,*-0,$%-%"(*2&)=#40*k*[=S*@LA^*-6#'*0"*%"(%"4&6*6,''#*96*j*>69964%*4,*B0&>#40"
<3&6')*k*[=S*@UTÊ*j*9dJ/-"%*4,*;,#5,>%*k*[=S*WTÊ*96*j*'0"6(#"%*%"*3,#(#.-%*-053%*k*[=S
@UQ^*6#"'#*?,%*4%*96*j*-,'#?,%*-/'(#&>#090]#?,%*k*[=S*QL^S*B%((%*#"$%"(#$#()*50"5%&"6"(*9%'
(#(&%'*4d6#&'*%(*4%*536"'0"'*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*=9,'*&)5%"(%'E*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&
%(*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*"0(6--%"(*D*j*7*B6'(6]"%((%*kE*j*B36"'0"*4,*4)'%'=65%*kE*j*B36"'0"
4%*96*F#%&()*4%'*]&0'*kE*j*<%&4'*=6'*4%'*/%,g*(0"*x$%((%*kE*j*`%,$%*<0(%6,*kE*j*B36"'0"
50"(&%* 6,(&,#* kE* j* B36"'0"* 4dI6&5%9* -0#H-l-%* k* %(* j* B36"'0"* 4dv4#=%* k* [j* 536"()%
'6"'*50-=9%g%*kÊ*96*4#FF)&%"5%*)(6"(*?,d#5#E*96*=9,=6&(*4,*(%-='E*0"*$0#(*f*?,0#*9%'*(#(&%'
50&&%'=0"4%"(*[-6#'*9%*(#(&%*C,'(%*)$0?,)*'6"'*96*536"'0"*?,#*$6*6$%5*&%'(%*,"%*=0''#>#9#()^S
B%96*4#(E*9d6,(%,&*"%*5&)%*=6'*&A'8$+$:9*c*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*j*80""%u*36,(H>0#'*m*N)'0""%u
-,'%((%'*m*k*'d%"(%"4*46"'*j*J,53%u*(6->0,&*\*'0""%u*(&0-=%((%'*k*[OS7SE*=S*WV^*%(*=%,(H
l(&%*-l-%*46"'*j*O6"'0"'*]#(6"E*(0,&"%u*B6-#99%*k*[=S*WTQÊ*j*<6''%u*I,'564%*m*k*"d)(6"(
=6'*90#"S*;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*$0#&*,"%*'0&(%*4%*=&090"]%-%"(*46"'*j*80,FF9%u*9%*5,#$&%*m*'0,FF9%u
9%*>0#'*m*40""%u*96*(&0-=%*m*'0""%u*9d%FF&0#*m*k*[;SNSE*=S*@X@^*c*6,(&%*=&090"]%-%"(*=0''#>9%
f*=6&(#&*4%*j*80""%u*k*)5&#(*50--%*53%u*N6>%96#'*D*j*80""%(u*36&4#%'*>6((%&#%'*4,*50&='
?,#*]6]"%*(0,C0,&'*6,*F00(*4%*]96'*m*k*[OS7SE*=S*11A^S*a,6"(*f*j*=&0-%"0"'H"0,'*46"'*9%
>0#'*kE*#9*"%*4%$#%"4&6*=6'*e=&0-%"0"'H"0,'*46"'*9%*>06e*-6#'*9d#4)%*4d%"(&)%*46"'*,"*50&='
)(&6"]%&*'%&6*50"'%&$)%*D*j*<&0-%"0"'H"0,'*46"'*4%'*=%&'0""%'*6>'%"(%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*TX^S
;,(&%*4&*7&?%/*(&/**&)$/&/*[9d*k*0#'%6,*4)50""%,&*k*&%-=96b6"(*9%*-%&9%*-0?,%,&Ê
5d%'(* ',&(0,(* 4.* H.)/&$::.$/&* ?,#* '%&6* &%(&6$6#99)%* D* j* I6&530"'* m* I6&530"'* m* kE* 5#()
7&A79* f* 96* =6]%* 1A* 4,* @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 4%$#%"4&6* %"* %FF%(* 6,g* =6]%'* Q1HQQ
j* Ip530"'S* I6&530"'* kE* j* I6&530"'E* ]6&b0"'* m* kE* j* 7&530"'E* -6&530"'* kE* j* Jp530"'E
6&530"'*k*%(*j*I6&530"'E*F,/0"'*k*q*6,(&%*$6&#6(#0"*=&0=0')%E*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/
(.80&)&#/&/'5%((%*F0#'*D*j*`%&]%0"'E*$,9$0"'*k*[=S*@LAÊ*f*&6==&053%&*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*j*80&(0"'E
&%"(&0"'*k*[OS7SE*=S*@AA^*c*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0"*"0,'*50"'%#99%&6*=9,(s(*j*I6"]%uE
-6"]%u*m*k*[=S*@AT^*%(*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*0"*6,&6*j*(&0?,0"'H(&0?,0"'*k*[=S*1Q^S
+f*%"50&%*'%*&)$.9%*9%*5s()**=0(653%*%(*=&0$056(%,&*4%*j*+dK"F6"(*`69.&%*k*'d6((6?,6"(*#5#
f*9d3/-"%*"6(#0"69*F&6"b6#'S
UKRKVK&[&d*/"%)2%-&\&/#19%$$%:&%FE*96*-,'#?,%*50"5%&"%*"0"*'%,9%-%"(*9%*'(/9%*-6#'*6,''#*96*(3)-6(#?,%*%(*9d#"$%"(#0"
$%&>69%S*K(*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*96*46"'%*c*0"*50""6#''6#(*'6"'*40,(%*4)Cf*96*$69'%*3)'#(6(#0"*-6#'
$0#5#*?,d6&&#$%"(*j*9%*(6"]0*K5&#(%6,*kE*j*96*$69'%*+dK90?,%"5%*kE*j*96*'6&46"%*7"g#)()*k*%(
1@@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
j*9%*26"]0*<%&4#(#0"*kS*<0,&(6"(E*5%'*46"'%'H9f*50"5%&"%"(*=9,(s(*4%'*r,$&%'*50--%*4.
>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*=#.5%*0o*9d0"*46"'%*6,''#*96*j*46"'%*4%*B%5#*k*[=S*1QL^S
O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*%(*j*|'0,'}*9%'*]&6"4'*50,='*4d746*96*N/(3-#5#%""%*k*[=S*WQ1Ê
0"*=6&9%*=9,(s(*4%*'6->6*[=S*QWU^*4%*=6'0**[=S*WTT^*%(*-l-%*4%*j*=6''0*k*[=S*WX1^*%(*9d0"
/*46"'%*6,''#*96*j*?,6(64&0""%*6,*'0"*4%'*56'(6]")'*k*[=S*QWX^*6#"'#*?,%*9%*j*?,64&#99%
4%*=0-=%'*f*(&0,*k*[=S*QWT^*c*?,6"(*f*96*$69'%E*%99%*'%&6*0-"#=&)'%"(%*D*#9*/*6*96*j*`69'%
4%'* 5,9'* ?,#* F0"(* 4%'* 50,65'* k* [=S* WWAÊ* 96* j* `69'%* f* =6(6=0"'* k* [=S* QXLÊ* 9%'* j* $69'%'
=0&53#.&%'*k*[=S*WT1Ê*9%*j*>69*0o*$69'%"(*9%'*=96"(%'*k*[=S*QWX^*%(*96*j*46"'%*f*+6>64&6=E*96
$69'%*f*I656>#6(*k*[=S*WT1^S*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*6/6"(*,"*5s()*'0->&%*%(*(0&(,&)E*#9*'d6]#''6#(
'6"'*40,(%*4%*&))?,#9#>&%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*9%'*530'%'*%(*4d#"(&04,#&%*4%'*-0,$%-%"('*4%
&)$09(%'*]6#%'*50--%*%"*5&#6"(*j*86->6*m*k*f*96*=6]%*QWU*0,*%"*'d%"50,&6]%6"(*f*46"'%&E
50--%*46"'*j**P#&%u*96*$69'%*I656>#6(*m*k*f*96*=6]%*WT1S*<6&*6#99%,&'E*96*$69'%*#"4#?,%
,"*-0,$%-%"(*(0,&"6"(*?,#*'d6==6&%"(%*,"*=%,*f*96*46"5%&#%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*9d6,(%,&*"0,'
F6#'6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*(0,&"%&*%"*>0,&&#?,%*['#*9d0"*"0,'*=6''%*9d%g=&%''#0"^S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 96* $69'%* F%&6* &%(0,&* 56&* 0,(&%* 96* j* 46"'%* 6&&#.&%
6,(0-6(#?,%*=0,&*9d0&%#99%*]6,53%*k*[=S*X1Ê*0"*46"'%&6*96*j*$69'%*90,&4%*k*[=S*@VQ^*%(*4%'
j*$69'%'*f*-#99%*=6((%'*k*[=S*LQ^*&6==%96"(*96*F6-%,'%*j*$69'%*f*-#99%*(%-='*k*4%*G65?,%'
:&%9E*)]69%-%"(*=6&04#)%*=6&*G%6"*<0#&%(*46"'*96*j*`653%*f*-#99%*(%-='*k*[56'*#"()&%''6"(
4%*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"^S*O6"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*0"*46"'%&6*9%*j*>699%(
4%'* 6"40,#99%'* k* [=S* 11@^* %(* 9%* j* (6"]0* 4%* 96* -0&(* k* [=S* Q@T^* %(* ,"%* j* F6"6(#?,%* 4%
9d3#'(0#&%*50-=6&)%*4,*(6"]0*k*'%*=&0"0"5%&6*405(%-%"(*',&*9d6>'%"5%*4%*'5#%*-,'#569%
46"'*j*B&)=,'5,9%*k*[%(*'0"*6==6&#(#0"*=&0=3)(#?,%*46"'*j*I%4#6*+,u*k^*%(*)$0?,%&6*9%'
',&=&%"6"('*6550&4'*4,*>6"40")0"*%"*F%,*46"'*9%*j*26"]0*4%*96*Z6,$%((%*k*[=S*1@X^S*7,*j*>69
I053%*k*[9d%g=&%''#0"*&%''%->96"(*f*j*:0,9dI#53*k^*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*@1QÊ*0"*46"'%&6
96*j*46"'%*4%*G%6"*O#%,E*96*2,>6""%E*96*I%&9#-#?,%E*96*B,&6b0E*96*J6>6""6H2,/6,4%E*96
<#56&4/*%(*9%*8(%%=9%H=6((%*kE*46"'%'*j*%g0(#?,%'*k*=0,&*5%&(6#"%'*q*%(*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*96
j* 46"'%* 4%* 509.&%* k* 4%* 96* =6]%* @VLE* 0o* 9%'* =#%4'* C0,%"(* ,"* ]&6"4* &s9%* [0"* =%,(* 6,''#
j*46"'%&*96*9#'(%*k^S*O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&B*0,(&%*96*j*F6b0"*9#-0,]%0((%*kE*0"*6,&6*9%*j*>699%(
f*9d69'65#%""%*k*[=S*@W1^*%(*46"'*4.*K*G8&*D*9%*j*:09)&0*53&0"#?,%*k*[=S*@XT^S*K"F#"E*46"'
456*7&'$8*988#E*#9*/*6,&6*',&*'5."%*=9,'#%,&'*-0,$%-%"('*4%*46"'%*["0(6--%"(*90&'?,%
'd%g=&#-%"(*9%'*B36"(&%'*@*%(*1^*%(*4%'*]%'(%'*4%*F96-%"50*&)69#')'*=6&*`69)&#%*`#"5#E*5%,g
4%*I6",%9*+%*+#.$&%*[&%-=96b6"(*O0-#"#?,%*<#"0"^*)$0?,6"(*=9,(s(*=6&*#"'(6"('*5%,g*4%
I#5n6%9*G65n'0"*0,*4,*2&6$09(6*4%*-#:%'D$*7$98S
+d#-=0&(6"(*#5#E*5d%'(*4%*'d%g=&#-%&*%"*j*46"'%*?,#*46"'%*k*[56&*(0,(%*46"'%*"%*46"'%
=6'^*D*j*Kg=&#-%uH$0,'*%"*46"'%*?,#*46"'%*k*[OS7SE*=S*Q1^*D*$0#9fE*6,*F0"4E*9%*'%,9*$)&#(6>9%
-%''6]%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[j*I,'#?,%*m*I,'#?,%*m*k*4#(H#9*6#99%,&'^S*K"*F6#(E*9d6,(%,&*=0,&&6#(
=&%'?,%*&%=&%"4&%*f*'0"*50-=(%*9d#-=)&6(#FE*#-=)&#%,g*%(*$#>&6"(*4d7&(3,&*N#->6,4*D*j*B&#'E
@AV
(6->0,&E*46"'%E*46"'%E*46"'%E*46"'%*|t}*Z6#-E*'0#FE*5&#'E*46"'%E*46"'%E*46"'%E*46"'%*m*kS
UKRKcK&d%-&/#(%-&2/E'2(%O6"'%'E*6#&'E*536"('E*536"'0"'*D*(0,(*5%96*%'(*&%$#'#()*=6&*9d6,(%,&*?,#*$6*%"50&%*=9,'*90#"*%"
=&0=0'6"(*-l-%*4%*"0,$%99%'*"0(%'*f*96*=6]%*L@*4%*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*D*j**O0H&,H
-)HF,H'#9H9%,H'.H46t*46H')*9%,H'#9*F,H-)H&,H4,*m*kS*B%'*"0,$%99%'*"0(%'*'0"(*&)$)96(&#5%'*4%
'0"*#"(%"(#0"*])")&69%*c*N096"4*:6&(3%'*9%*4#'6#(*D*9%*=0,$0#&*[=09#(#?,%E*5,9(,&%9E*-)4#6(#?,%E
%(5S^*53%&53%*f*#-=0'%&*,"*5%&(6#"*&/(3-%*%(*96*56()]0&#%*6"(#"0-#?,%*4%*5%*=0,$0#&*%'(*=6&
@AV
**7&(3,&*N#->6,4E*j*I6,$6#'*'6"]*kE*W8&'/.$/98'&8'&8E&)E*I#99%*%(*,"%*",#(E*2,&#"E*@VVQE*=S*@XS
1@1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
%g5%99%"5%*96*-,'#?,%*[>9,%'E*&05nE*=,"nE*'96-E*90]04/"6-#?,%^*D*$0#9f*=0,&?,0#*9%*50"5%=(E
(&6$6#99)*=6&*:6&(3%'E*4d#4#0&/(3-#%*'d6==9#?,%*=6&F6#(%-%"(*6,*56'*4%*9d6"6&53#%*M0$6&#"6S
O6"'* j* 9d3s=#(69* -,9(#5090&%* k* 4%* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&* [==S* @QQH@QWÊ* #9* '%->9%* ?,d0"* '%
&655&053%*6,g*"0(%'*j*4,E*4%E*4#E*46E*4,E*40*k*['#*5d%"*'0"(^*50--%*f*4%'*(,>%'*4%*=%&F,'#0"
?,#*69#-%"(%"(*9dl(&%*%(*9d6#4%"(*f*$#$&%*D*0"*'d%"*&%-%(*f*%99%'*%(*0"*6'=#&%*f*j*|&%=0'%&}*46"'
9%'*>&6'*k*4%*96*-,'#?,%*?,#*'0&(#&6*4%'*(,>%'S*B%'*"0(%'H9f*'0"(*=9,'*?,%*4%'*"0(%'*D*f*9d#"'(6&
4%*96*&%'=#&6(#0"*%99%'*'0"(*96*50"4#(#0"*'#"%*?,6*"0"*4%*96*$#%*c*5%'*"0(%'H9fE*5d%'(*96*-,'#?,%
%"*'0#*%(*5%((%*6''05#6(#0"*-,'#?,%\$#%*"%*=%,(*?,d)$0?,%&*5%((%*'=9%"4#4%*-)(6=30&%*4,
-,'#5#%"H-)4%5#"*B)9#"%*D*j*+%'*6&(.&%'*4,*-/056&4%E*?,6"4*%99%'*)596(%"(E*5d%'(*,"%*36&=%
=6'*0&4#"6#&%*kS
7,*F0"4E*=0,&*M0$6&#"6E*9%'*"0(%'E*5%*'0"(*9%'*65(%,&'*D*j*50--%*9%'*-0,%((%'*9%*'0"(
=6&*96*-%&E*#9'*'0"(*'0,9%$)'*=6&*96*=,9'6(#0"*4,*(%-='*C,'(%E*96*30,9%*&%'=#&6(0#&%E*9%*=&0F0"4
>6((%-%"(*|t}*c*#9'*&%=0'%"(*',&*96*%9)7I&*&/(3-#?,%*4%*96*"6(,&%E*',&*,"%*-,'#?,%*#"6,4#>9%S
J,#(*65(%,&'*>#%"*6550&4)'*=0')'*C,'(%*',&*9%*F#9*4,*(%-='S*k*[7SRSE*=S*@WV^S
UKUK&,P>:E)%((%&'%&$*&")1*1(E
K(,4#)*46"'*J%I)&77&')I;&)/$=:&'[$8*OS<SÊ*9%*]%"&%*=0=,96#&%*4%*9d0=)&%((%*'%->9%*6,''#*F0&(
=&#')*=6&*M0$6&#"6*?,#*9,#*%-=&,"(%*"0(6--%"(*96*=0''#>#9#()*4%*=6''%&*6''%u*"6(,&%99%-%"(
4,*(3)p(&%*6,*536"(*[%(*0"*=0,&&6*%'(#-%&*?,%*5%96*&%C0#"(*6,''#*9d6&(*4,*&0-6"5#%&*209n#%"
?,#*#"')&6#(*f*'6*=&0'%*4%'*=6&(#%'*536"()%'*'6"'*?,%*9d0"*'%"(%*4%*50,=,&%*$)&#(6>9%^S*I6#'
5d%'(*',&(0,(*96*F6"(6#'#%*4)>&#4)%*4,*]%"&%*4%*9d0=)&%((%*?,#*#"()&%''%*9d6,(%,&*4%*45J)$0$8&
)9#0&'a*=0,&(6"(E*%(*"0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'E*9%'*(3l-%'*6>0&4)'*'0"(*6''%u*'0->&%'*D*>&%FE*=0,&
5#(%&*9d6,(%,&*[;SRSE*=S*XWÊ*j*(0,(*b6*=&l(%*f*50"F,'#0"E*u#-Hu#-Hu#0"Hu#0"*kS*B0--%*=0,&
796#"*N%'"6#'*[46"'*-./'/#)':.'=9#*+&Ê*5d%'(*6,''#*96*-6"#.&%*4d)$0?,%&*96*'%g,69#()*6$%5
3,-0,&*?,#E*46"'*9d0=)&%((%E*'%->9%*#"()&%''%&*M0$6&#"6S
O6"'*@&;.87':.'%.)9:&*[(#(&%*&%''%->96"(*$6],%-%"(*f*eO%$6"(*9d0=)&%((%eÊ*#9*6"69/'%
=0)(#?,%-%"(* 9%* ]%"&%* %"* ?,%'(#0"* 6,?,%9* #9* 4#(* 'd#"()&%''%&* 56&E* 4#(H#9E* 9d30--%* /* %'(
j*(0,536"(*=6&*'0"*6>'%"5%*k*[=S*WQ^S*j*B0--%*46"'*9%*"s*kE*6C0,(%H(H#9*f*96*=6]%*WX*D*j*=6'
4%*=%&'0""6]%'*-6#'*4%'*$l(%-%"('*36>#()'*kS*Bd%'(*,"%*F0&-%E*j*4d0o*(0,(*]&6'*(3)p(&69*6
)()*%"9%$)E*,"*4&6-%*'#*50"5%"(&)*?,d#9*'%*4)=0,#99%*4,*'%"(#-%"(*3,-6#"*k*[=S*WQÊ*j*,"%
F0&-%*65)&)%E*,"*(3)p(&%*65#4%*%(*%"*&%9#%F*D*,"%*%6,*F0&(%S*+6*=p(%*3,-6#"%*6*4#'=6&,*|t}
+d0=)&%((%*D*0''6(,&%*%(*F0&-%*5&,%99%*4,*(3)p(&%*k*[=S*WW^S*:#u6&&%-%"(E*)(6"(*40"")*9%*]%"&%
[%(*"0'*)$%"(,%9'*.'%)$9)$Ê*#9*&%$#%"(*',&*5%((%*#4)%*4%*5&,6,()*%"*'d)5&#6"(*[=S*WU^*D*j*+%*=,>9#5
q*9%*=%,=9%*h*q*|t}*N%"4%uH9,#*'6*$%&(,*#"(%&4#(%*D*96*5&,6,()*m*kS*7,*F0"4E*]&6"4*=6&640g%E
9%*(3)p(&%*4%*96*5&,6,()*?,d7&(6,4*6==%96#(*4%*5%'*$r,gE*5d)(6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*9d0=)&%((%t
a,6"(*f*96*&)$%&'#>#9#()*4%*9dj0=)&%((%*(3)090]#?,%*k*"0$6&#"#%""%E*%99%*6*)()*F#"%-%"(
6"69/')%* =6&* B3&#'(#"%* N6-6(* %(* "0,'* &%"$%&&0"'* f* '0"* 6&(#59%* j* ;=)&%((%* (3)090]#?,%E
@@A
(3)090]#%*4d0=)&%((%*D*9%'*=6&640g%'*4d,"%*4&6-6(,&]#%*k D*j*a,6"4*96*(3)090]#%*=6''%*=6&
@@@
9d0=)&%((%E*9d#4#0(#%*%'(*'65&)%*%(*9%*4)&#'0#&%*]&0(%'?,%*'65&69#')*k **[4%*-l-%E*j*?,6"4
@@1
9d0=)&%((%*%'(*'=#&#(,%99%E*96*]&p5%*%'(*(0,C0,&'*)(&6"]%-%"(*&#'#>9%*k ^S
75%&
UKVK&,%&Z%='%*1&'1&wwI
-27"$%
@@A
* *B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*j*;=)&%((%*(3)090]#?,%E*(3)090]#%*4d0=)&%((%*D*9%'*=6&640g%'*4d,"%*4&6-6(,&]#%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E
0=S*5#(SE*==S*LUHVVS
@@@
**3=$(c*=S*VAS
**3=$(E*==S*VAHV@S
@@1
1@Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
R9* '%->9%* =6&* 6#99%,&'* ?,d,"%* 9%5(,&%* 4d%"F6"5%* 6#(* %,* ,"%* #"F9,%"5%* 50"'#4)&6>9%* ',&* '6
50"5%=(#0"*4,*(3)p(&%*c*5d%'(*5%99%*4%*+6>#53%*[?,d#9*9,(*40"5*(&.'*(s(^*D*-l-%*90&'?,%*M0$6&#"6
'%*96"5%*46"'*4%'*&3)(0&#?,%'E*(&.'*'0=3#'(#?,)%'E*+6>#53%*%'(*9fE*'0"*0->&%*=96"%*50--%
9%*'=%5(&%*4d,"*=.&%*'=#&#(,%9S*B3%u*+6>#53%*[%(*53%u*Z%/4%6,*&%=&%"6"(*9%*F96->%6,*4%*'0"
#99,'(&%*6w")Ê*#9*"d/*6*=&%'?,%*=6'*4%*-%''6]%*%(*(&.'*=%,*4%*='/53090]#%*D*5d%'(*,"*(3)p(&%
4%*-0('*%(*"0"*4d#4)%'E*5%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*&%=&%"4*f*'0"*50-=(%S*R9*'%->9%&6#(*6,''#*?,%*9%
(3)p(&%*4%*>0,9%$6&4*'0#(*50--%*=6&04#)*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*f*(&6$%&'*4%'*6=6&()'
f*&)=)(#(#0"'*%(*4%'*F0&-,9%'*5056''%'*(%99%'*?,%*j*B&#'(#E*5d%'(*,"*50&#65%*m*k*[=S*UQ^S
K"*])")&69#'6"(*,"*=%,E*"0,'*=0,&&#0"'*-l-%*6C0,(%&*5%5#*D*90&'?,d#9*)5&#$6#(E*Z%/4%6,
q*,"*(&6$%&')*9,#H6,''#*q*'%*-%((6#(E*46"'*96*'#(,6(#0"*[$(&?*=0,&*86536*P,#(&/^*4de6$0#&*4%
9d%'=&#(eS*;&E*#9*"0,'*'%->9%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*=&05.4%*,"*=%,*6,(&%-%"(*56&*#9*"%*'d6]#(*=6'*=0,&
9,#*[6,*-0#"'*%"*=6&(#%^*4%*F0"5(#0""%&*50--%*,"*6,(%,&*4%*>0,9%$6&4*[%"*=09#''6"(*4%'
6=30&#'-%'*0,*%"*(&6?,6"(*9%*-0(*?,#*F6#(*-0,53%^*-6#'*>#%"*=9,(s(*4%*96#''%&*50-=9.(%-%"(
=6''%&*96*=6&09%*?,#*$#%"(E*'6"'*53%&53%&*f*>&#99%&*%"*-%((6"(*%"*6$6"(*'0"*#"(%99#]%"5%*%(*'0"
%'=&#(*q*5%'*4%,g*?,69#()'*%g=90'%"(*9#(()&69%-%"(*46"'*'%'*#"(%&$#%~'E*-6#'*=6'*$&6#-%"(
46"'*'%'*=#.5%'*D*5%*"d%'(*"#*9%*9#%,*"#*9%*-0-%"(*"#*-l-%*96*?,%'(#0"S*O6"'*,"*=6''6]%*4%
@&;.87*:.*%.)9:&*[==S*TQHTWÊ*#9*$6*C,'?,df*4#&%*D
[…] il s’agit de recevoir non de transmettre, communiquer, exprimer. Devenir le
capteur de tout : celui qui est ouvert, offert […]. Ne plus être homme, mais un qui
émet sans cesse des figures humaines .
8d#9*/*6*'6"'*40,(%*(0,(*4%*-l-%*,"*&%(&6$6#9*&%96(#F*4%*5%*?,#*%'(*$%",*%(*?,d0"*6*',*655,%#99#&
[%"* F6#(E* 5%96* 40#(* 4)=%"4&%* 4%'* -0-%"('\-0,$%-%"('* 4,* (%g(%Ê* #9* "%* 'd6]#(* =6'* 4%* '%
50"4#(#0""%&*%(*4%*'%*=0'%&*4%'*?,%'(#0"'*?,6"(*f*96*&)5%=(#0"*F,(,&%*4%*5%*?,%*j*5%96*?,d0"
"%*=%,(*=6'*4#&%*k*[O#%,*h*+6*=6&09%*h^*6*40"")E*0FF%&(S*K"*'0--%*[M0$6&#"6*9%*4#(*(&.'*>#%"Ê
5d%'(*,"*(&6$6#9*4d655,%#9*%(*"0"*4%*')4,5(#0"S*Bd%'(*,"%*-6"#.&%*"0,$%99%*%(*=6&640g69%*4%
=%"'%&*6,*=,>9#5*56&*50"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%*?,d0"*=0,&&6#(*5&0#&%E*5%*4%&"#%&*"d%'(*C6-6#'*0,>9#)*D
(0,(*%'(*40"")E*4#&#])E*=%"')*=0,&*9,#*q*-6#'*=6'*46"'*9%*'%"'*36>#(,%9S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E
M0$6&#"6E*=6&*'0"*3,-0,&E*'6*F6"(6#'#%*%(*9%*$%"(*4%*F09#%*?,d#9*F6#(*'0,FF9%&*',&*'%'*=#.5%'E
.-%
%'(*'6"'*40,(%*9%*Z%/4%6,*4,*iiR
*'#.59%*56&*9d3%&-)(#'-%*69(&,#'(%*4%*5%*&/(3-#5#%"
&6>%96#'#%"*%'(*6,''#*5%9,#*4d,"*5&)6(%,&*])")&%,g*"0,'*=&0=0'6"(*,"*50-#?,%*(0,(*f*F6#(
0&#]#"69S
UKcK&[&Z*1(&31%&a*&:<)*-%&i\
a,6"(* f* 96* 56,'%* 4,* &#&%* ?,#* =%,(* '6#'#&* 9%* '=%5(6(%,&* 4%$6"(* 5%((%* "0,$%99%* =6&09%
50-#?,%E* %(* f* %"* 5&0#&%* O#4#%&* <96''6&4* q* ?,#E* 6''05#6"(* &/(3-%* %(* &#&%E* 'd%"* %g=9#?,%
@@Q
46"'*j*+6*56$%&"%*4%'*6"(3&0=0]9/=3%'*k q*#9*"6w(&6#(*4%*9d%"536w"%-%"(*&/(3-#?,%*4%
j*=36'%'*4%*&%''%->96"5%'*%(*4d0==0'#(#0"E*5365,"%*4%*5%'*50"F#],&6(#0"'*5&)6"(*f*'0"
(0,&*9d)$)"%-%"(*kS
O%*"0(&%*5s()E*"0,'*4#&0"'*?,%E*'6"'*&%''%->9%&*F0&5)-%"(*(0,C0,&'*f*4%*',>(#9%'*',#(%'
4%* =&0$%&>%'* [0,* 4d)=#]&6--%'E* 4%* 50-=(#"%'E* %(5S^* ?,#* "%* 4#&6#%"(* =6'* 9%,&'* "0-'* %(
-69]&)*9%'*4#FF#5,9()'*?,d0"*=%,(*&%"50"(&%&*%"*%"(&6"(*46"'*5%((%*F0&l(*4%*-0('E*9%'*=3&6'%'
"0$6&#"#%""%'*'d%"536w"%"(*%"*F6#(*=6&F6#(%-%"(*%(*4%*F6b0"*(&.'*"6(,&%99%E*96*'%,9%*$)&#(6>9%
%g5%=(#0"* )(6"(* >#%"* 'z&* -&8(.87* :.* ?.7$G)&* ?,#* [-69]&)* ,"%* '0&(%* 4%* C%,* 4d)530'* 46"'
9%* =&0=0'* %(* ',&(0,(* ,"%* =&)'%"(6(#0"* ])")&69%* 0o* 9%'* 53#FF&%'* &0-6#"'* 40""%"(E*.' %)$9)$E
9d#-=&%''#0"*4%*&%-=965%&*4%'*"0-'*4%*=%&'0""6]%'^*"d%'(*=6'*,"%*=#.5%E*%(*=%,(*40"5
=0'%&*4%'*=&0>9.-%'*4%*9%5(,&%*f*56,'%*C,'(%-%"(*4%*5%*-6"?,%*(3)p(&69*4%*&/(3-%*q*%(
@@Q
**O#4#%&*<96''6&4E*j*+6*56$%&"%*4%'*6"(3&0=0]9/=3%'*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*QQS
1@W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
J)%527)%&:*)(2%&+&I/9%/(2#/&9%)B*$%&%(&51-2"*$2(E&+&5#(.&4201)%-.&:<)*-%&%(&)=(<5%
=0,&(6"(E*9%*-%((%,&*%"*'5."%*G%6"H<#%&&%*7&-6"4*%(*9d65(%,&*G%6"Hx$%'*I#536,g*0"(*=&0,$)
@@W
?,%*9dr,$&%*=&)'%"(6#(*(0,(*4%*-l-%*,"%*5%&(6#"%*(3)p(&69#()S
B0"(&6#&%-%"(*f*5%*?,%*4d6,5,"'*=%"'%"(E*96*F9,#4#()*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*,"%*?,69#()
%"*-6(#.&%*4%*9#(()&6(,&%*D*ˆ%&0,65*%(*a,%"%6,*'0"(*F9,#4%'*4d%->9)%*-6#'*5%((%*F65#9#()*4%
9%5(,&%*"d%'(*?,d6==6&%"(%*%(*&%5.9%*%"*F6#(*4%'*(&)'0&'*4d#"(%99#]%"5%*%(*4d3,-6"#()S*B3%u
B)9#"%E*G0/5%E*M0$6&#"6*0,*P,/0(6(E*#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*F0&-%*4%*F9,#4#()*[9#)%*f*4%'*&/(3-%'
(0,(*f*96*F0#'*=&053%'*%(*90#"(6#"'^*-6#'*?,#*"d%'(*=6'*40"")%*4d%->9)%*D*#9*/*6E*50--%*=0,&
9d65(%,&E*,"%*59%F*f*(&0,$%&E*,"*50,=*f*=&%"4&%E*,"*(&,5E*,"*=9#E*,"%*36>#(,4%E*%(5S*:&%FE*,"%
50--,"#56(#0"*40#(*'d)(6>9#&*q*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*F65#9%E*536?,%*r,$&%*6/6"(*'6*=&0=&%*$#(%''%
4%*5&0#'#.&%S*<9,'*50"5&.(%-%"(E*96*&#-%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*=%,(E*50--%*0"*9d6*$,E*6#4%&*f*96
-,'#569#()*q*5FS*j*6,*9#%,*4d6$0#&*\*96*(l(%*",99%*=6&(*k*[GS8SE*=S*@U@^*q*-6#'*5%96*"d%'(*=6'
0>9#]6(0#&%*D*?,%9?,%*530'%E*(0,(*f*50,=E*'%*4)=90#%*4%$6"(*"0,'*%(*"0,'*'0--%'*50--%
%-=0&()'* 46"'* 9%* (6=#'* [f* '0#* 4%* "%* =6'* 0==0'%&* 4%* &)'#'(6"5%* %(* 4%* "%* =6'* F0&5)-%"(
%''6/%&*4%*50-=&%"4&%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%^S
UKqK&?/%&4#$2%&"2)"1$*2)%
<0,&*%"*=6&9%&*50--%*4d,"*$#"E*%"*r"090],%E*"0,'*4#&0"'*?,d#9*/*6*9f*4%*96*&0"4%E*4%*96
$69'%E*?,%9?,%*530'%*?,#*(0,&"%*-6#'*5%*?,#*(0,&"%*"0,'*50"5%&"%*%(*"0,'*%"(&6w"%*D*5d%'(
50--%*,"%*'=#&69%*#"F%&"69%E*?,#*"d%"*F#"#(*C6-6#'E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*'(/9%H(0,=#%*?,#E*f*9d#-6]%
4d,"* -0>#9%E* >0,]%H(0,&"%* 5%&(%'* -6#'* '6"'* 536"]%&* &64#569%-%"(* 4%* =965%* %(* "d6$6"5%
=6'* $&6#-%"(* 46"'* 9%* '%"'* 4d,"%* '(&#5(%* 9#")6&#()S* K"* '0--%E* =%,(Hl(&%* %'(H5%* ,"%* '0&(%
4d)5&#(,&%H(0,=#%E*,"%*9#(()&6(,&%*%"*F0&-%*4%*&0'65%E*4%*5/590"%*%(*'%*9#$&6"(*4%$6"(*"0,'*f
'6*=&0=&%*j*F09#%*5#&5,96#&%*k*[f*9d#-6]%*%"*5%96*4,*C%,*4d65(%,&*4d,"*5%&(6#"*+0,#'*4%*Z,".'^S
!"* 6,(&%* 6'=%5(* #-=0&(6"(* %'(* 9d#-=&%''#0"* 4%* $#%* '6"'* $#%* ?,#* '%* 4)]6]%* 4%* 5%((%
)5&#(,&%*D*96*530'%*%'(*(&.'*4#FF#5#9%*f*%g=9#?,%&*-6#'*#9*'%->9%*?,%*"0,'*'0/0"'*%"*=&)'%"5%
4d,"%*$#%*?,#*]&0,#99%*5%&(%'*-6#'*?,#*]&0,#99%*4d,"%*"0"H$#%E*4d,"*$#4%E*4d,"%*6>'%"5%*,"*=%,
50--%*'#E*5&#6"(*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*kE*9d6,(%,&*)(6#(*56=6>9%E*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"*-/'()&#%,g
=&05%'','*>6,4%96#&#%"*[5FS*W8&'*+.)908&E*%(5^*&%9%$6"(*4%*9d6953#-#%E*4%*j*=&%"4&%*4%*96
-0&(*=0,&*%"*F6#&%*4%*96*$#%*kS*K"*F6#(E*'#*9d6,(%,&*4d6$::&#)/*6*=,*)5&#&%*6''%u*(60{'(%-%"(
j*G%*',#'*]0"]*%(*0,6(%*kE*0"*$%&&6#(*>#%"*5%9,#*4%*F&*/#$/E*%"*(6"(*?,%*=6''%,&*4%*=6&09%E
"0,'*6FF#&-%&*?,d#9*%'(*%"*'0--%*6,''#*$#$6"(*?,%*-0&(*c*4%*9f*$#%"(*9d#-=&%''#0"*?,%*5%(
)5&#$6#"E*"d%'(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*6$%5*"0,'*q*4d0o*96*F0&5%*50-#?,%E*9#)%*f*9d)(&6"]%()[\6,(&%()Ê
4%*'6*=6&9%&#%*F6"(6'(#?,%S*R9*%'(*$&6#*?,%E*50--%*9%*4#'6#(*B)9#"%*46"'*9%'*C87)&7$&8/'.;&*
:&'%)9E&//&#)'u*[%(*5d%'(*9d,"%*4%'*'%,9%'*=3&6'%'*%"*#(69#?,%'*4%*9dr,$&%*(0,(*%"(#.&%^*j*#9
F6,(*l(&%*=9,'*?,d,"*=%(#(*=%,*-0&(*=0,&*l(&%*$&6#-%"(*&#]090*kS
@@X
* *
O6"'*'0"*6&(#59%*4%*96*&%$,%*K,&0=%*#"(#(,9)*4.'%.87.:988.(&'(&'P9;.)$8.*
E*<#%&&%
G0,&4%*"0(%&6*,"*6,(&%*=6&640g%E*f*&6==&053%&*4%*"0(&%*#4)%*4%*-0>#9%E*5%9,#*4d,"*j*6996"(
"d6996"(*",99%*=6&(*k*D
La litanie tend à se substituer au récit […]. L’air du sens, sans les paroles. Tout
cela illisible, comme si, à la limite, dire ou lire n’avait plus de fonction : c’est le
mouvement qui compte.
UKoK&J#)()*2(&'%&$P*)(2-(%&%/&-*B#(-&+&1/%&E")2(1)%&&0=5/231%&%(&"#):#)%$$%
@@W
**M0,'*F6#'0"'*699,'#0"*f*4%'*&%=&)'%"(6(#0"'*40"")%'*f*96*B6$%*<0)'#%*4%*20,90,'%*%"*1AATS
**<#%&&%*G0,&4%E*j*+6*=6"(690""64%*4%*M0$6&#"6*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1AS
@@X
1@X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
M0(0"'*%"F#"E*=0,&*-0"(&%&*?,%*9d)"%&]#%*%(*9d%"]6]%-%"(*&%'(%"(*4%'*-0(%,&'*%''%"(#%9'
4%*'6*5&)6(#0"*[9%*5r,&E*#5#E*>6((6"(*6$%5*96*96"],%Ê*?,%*9%*&6==0&(*"0$6&#"#%"*6,*&/(3-%*%'(
%"*F6#(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*F0&(E*0&]6"#?,%E*=3/'#?,%*%(*$#'5)&69*?,%*"0,'*9d6$0"'*'#]"#F#)*C,'?,df
@@T
=&)'%"(S*7#"'#E*?,6"4*9d)5&#$6#"*'%*4)5&#(*536,'')*4%*'6>0(' E*#9*'%*=0&(&6#(,&%*%"*46"'%,&
4%*>0,&&)%*[9%*&/(3-%*)(6"(*-6&?,)*=6&*9%*>&,#(*=&04,#(*%"*(6=6"(*4,*=#%4^*D*5d%'(*5%*?,d%"*'%
&)F)&6"(*f*?,%9?,%*'=0&(*-/'()&#%,gE*9d6,(%,&*["0,'*F6#'6"(*$#'#(%&*9%'*50,9#''%'*4%*9d%g=90#(^
"0,'*%g=9#?,%*46"'*,"%*#"(%&$#%~*D
La Lutte des mortsest faite d’un jet, lancée de façon pulsive, crépitante, par
percussion, en frappant le sol des pieds, en écrivant et dessinant sur les
manuscrits jusqu’à ce que le bras se fatigue : j’étais dans un chalet, je portais
des sabots, je tapais du pied ! c’était une écriture pas du tout « automatique »
mais bien gymnique, corporelle .
M0,'*"%*=0,$#0"'*&l$%&*-%#99%,&%*(&6"'#(#0"t
@@T
**`69.&%*M0$6&#"6E*j*+6*=6&09%*0=.&%*9d%'=65%*kE*H.0.O$8&':$77I).$)&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@AAS
1@T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%'%&e)#"*&+&&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
IK&?/&/#19%*1&]*B%$*2OK&?/%&)<E(#)231%&'%&(=:%&"*)/*9*$%-31%
OKOK&Z*/(*2-2%&'EB)2'E%&%(&%-(<E(231%&'%&'E42$E
OKOKOK&;%Q(%&%(&-%Q%
K&@&E*+'4>/%'M&B&%"&X%#+--%&H-.:<(%
7* 9d#"'(6&* 4%* N6>%96#'E* M0$6&#"6* "%* 'd#"(%&4#(* "#* 9%* 36,(* "#* 9%* >6'* D* '0"* )&,4#(#0"* 6,&6#(
=,* F6#&%* 4%* 9,#* ,"* )5&#$6#"* >690,&4* %(* =6(6,4* 50--%* 0"* %"* 50""6w(* >%6,50,=* ?,d#9* "%
'%&6#(* =6'* 536&#(6>9%* 4%* "0--%&* -6#'* #9* "d%"* %'(* &#%"* 56&* "0,'* '0--%'* 6,* 50"(&6#&%* %"
=&)'%"5%*4d,"*6&(#'(%*=9%#"*4d3,-0,&*%(*4%*$&6#%*F6"(6#'#%S*I0#"'*])")&69%-%"(E*9d)$%"(,%9
&6==&053%-%"(* f* )(6>9#&* 50"'#'(%* ',&(0,(* 46"'* 9%* (&6#(%-%"(* 4%* 5%&(6#"'* (3.-%'* c* 6#"'#E
I6&#0"* B3)"%(#%&E* )$0?,6"(* 4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/E* '%&6* F&6==)%* =6&* 9d0-"#=&)'%"5%* 4%* 96
'%g,69#()*[40"(*0"*'6#(*?,d%99%*50"'(#(,%*,"*F0"4*&3)(0&#?,%*=&#$#9)]#)*53%u*N6>%96#'^*-6#'E
4#(H%99%E* 5%((%* 0-"#=&)'%"5%* j* "%* ',&=&%"4&6* =6'* '#* 9d0"* '0"]%* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* '%* =&0=0'%
4dj%g6-#"%&*f*F&0#4*5%&(6#"%'*=6&(#%'*4%*96*96"],%E*50--%*,"*50&='*k*%(*?,d#9*50"$#%"(*6$6"(
@@U
(0,(*4%*-04#F#%&*9%*je-0,$%-%"(*&%=&04,5(%,&e*4%*5%*50&='*k c*f*9d%"*5&0#&%E*(%g(%*%(*'%g%
6,&6#%"(*40"5*#5#*=6&(#%*9#)%E*%"5&%*%(*'=%&-%*"%*F6#'6"(*?,d,"*q*C,'(%*6=&.'E*%99%*=&)5#'%
5%((%*#4)%*D
Le début de La Lutte des morts annonce le programme, associant le sperme
noir à l’encre d’un qui écrit et s’effraie de ce qui sort sous la plume (ce dont
témoignaient aussi les carnets) : « Et la hôm jétérra du noir-sperm et lé preûmier
qui de son spexe verra saillir c’te noirr, prendra la peurr, et c’est moi. » Le
texte nous convie par conséquent à une multitude d’accouplements divers,
accompagnés de postures, de combinaisons et d’échanges tout aussi variés,
mettant en scène des modalités littéralement inouies d’association de mots, de
fusions lexicales, et d’enfantements verbaux, de parthénogenèses, de soudures
et de croissances autogènes.
K"*'0--%E*(0,(%*"0(&%*=&%-#.&%*=6&(#%*[%(*"0(6--%"(*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%*-0(H$69#'%E
9d6C0,(*4%*'/996>%'*%(*9d6]]9,(#"6(#0"^*#99,'(&%*f*'6*F6b0"*9%*=&0=0'*4%*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&*%(*#9
%'(*5%&(6#"*?,%*5d%'(*>%9*%(*>#%"*4.*4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*?,#*4%*(0,(%'*9%'*=#.5%'*'d6==6&%"(%
9%*=9,'*f*,"%*]#]6"(%'?,%*=6&(0,'%E*M0$6&#"6*'%*'#(,6"(*F#"69%-%"(*,"*=%,*%"(&%*N6>%96#'
[=0,&*9%*5s()*50-#?,%*%(*'0,$%"(*%"C0,)^*%(*9%*P,/0(6(*4%*L9?=&.#E*4dC(&8B'C(&8B'C(&8
0,* 4%* -)9/7$7#7$98* =0,&* 9%* 5s()* 5360(#?,%* %(* (0,&-%"()* %(* 96* -04%&"#()* 4,* '0,'H(%g(%
=09#(#?,%S*8#]"690"'*?,%*9d#-=0&(6"5%*4,*'%g%*%(*4,*50&='*'%*&%(&0,$%*46"'*9d6==&053%*4d,"
@@U
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*<%(#(*4)>6(*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*kE*C#)9%&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@QUS
1@U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
Z&6"5#'*B03%"*=6&96"(E*9,#E*4%*j*=0&"090]0'*kE*4%*j*90]0'*'=%&-6(#?,%*k*%(*4%*96*jeF0"5(#0"
@@L
$%&]#?,%e4,*96"],%*k*46"'*,"*6&(#59%*(0,(*f*F6#(*)(0""6"(*6,?,%9*"0,'*&%"$0/0"'S
B%96*4#(E*5%((%*&%96(#0"*#"(#-%*'%g%\(%g(%*=0,&&6*)]69%-%"(*50"5%&"%&*9d6>0&4*4,*(3.-%
=&0=&%-%"(*4#(S*<&)5#'0"'*?,%*9%*&6==0&(*6,*50&='*)(6#(*>#%"*'z&*(&.'*4#FF)&%"(*f*9d)=0?,%*4%
N6>%96#'*%(*?,d%"*9#'6"(*5%*4%&"#%&E*"0,'*'0--%'*=6&F0#'*530?,)'*=6&*4%'*)$056(#0"'*?,#E
690&'E*"%*530?,6#%"(*=6'*0,*690&'*>%6,50,=*-0#"'S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*0"*"%*'6,&6#(*=6&9%&
4%*=&0$056(#0"'*f*56&65(.&%*]&0''#.&%-%"(*'%g,%9*46"'*9dr,$&%*?,#*"0,'*=&)055,=%*56&*'#
M0$6&#"6*"0,'*F6#(*&#&%E*#9*"d%'(*C6-6#'*&6509%,&S
K&9%.:&;'+./%?&-%>&Q+'*M+"'%>&%"&-.&7*#'&$%&-WP:Q+:
8#*M0$6&#"6*%'(*,"*=&0$056(%,&E*#9*9d%'(*=&%'?,%*f*'0"*#"',*%(*"%*-%(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(E*50--%
=6&F0#'*:0"4E*B0=#E*7&&6>69*0,*N04&#]0*P6&5#6E*9%'*-6'?,%'*36>#(,%9'*4%*96*e=&0$05e*%(*5d%'(
6#"'#*?,%*=6#996&4#'%*&6>%96#'#%""%*%(*]&#$0#'%&#%\]6,90#'%&#%*"%*F%&0"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*=6&(#%
4%*'0"*6&'%"69*&3)(0&#?,%*c*#9*=0,&&6*5%=%"46"(*/*6$0#&*&%50,&'*4%*(%-='*%"*(%-='*-l-%
'#*96*]&0''#.&%()*f*50""0(6(#0"*'%g,%99%*%'(*(0,C0,&'*>0"*%"F6"(*0,E*,"*=%,*f*96*-6"#.&%
4%*N6/-0"4*a,%"%6,*46"'*9%'*d#;)&/'*9?%:G7&/'(&'K.::S'H.).E*F#9(&)*=6&*,"*'(/9%*&6FF#")
0,*&%9%$6"(*4d,"*6564)-#'-%*=6&04#?,%*[',&(0,(*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*5%&(6#"%'*=)&#=3&6'%'
=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*'0=3#'(#?,)%'^S
7#"'#E* 4%* F6b0"* =%,(Hl(&%* '0,'HC65%"(%E* %(* 50--%* %"* =6''6"(E* '6"'* 4)$%90==%&E
5%&(6#"%'*=)&#=3&6'%'*=%&-%((&0"(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*4d)$0?,%&*96*'%g,69#()*4%*F6b0"*0&#]#"69%*%(
6-,'6"(%*50--%*46"'*j*F6#&%*'%g%*k*%(*j*F6#&%*'%g,69#()*k*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*&)5%"(%'*0,E
=9,'*&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(E*46"'*9d)$056(#0"*4d,"*j*`#%,g*<#"#%&*k*[OS`SE*=S*1QTÊ*,"%*%g=&%''#0"
50--%*j*>p(0""%&*9%*(&0,*k*[$8S*OS`S^*$0#&%*j*|>&6],%((%&}*F%&-%*k*[+SISE*=S*QLUÊ*4%'*#"$#(%'*%(
#"C0"5(#0"'*f*56&65(.&%*'%g,%9*50--%*j*`#%"'*=6&H9f*?,%*C%*(%*569-%*=6&*0o*b6*=%&4*k*[+SISE
=S* W1WÊ* j* :0,FF%H9,#* 96* >6],%* m* :)(0""%H9,#* 9dF0"4* mk* [OS`SE* =S* 11L^* 0,* ,"%* &#-%* 6->#],‡
50--%*j*%99%*Fd&6*9d6FF6#&%*\*<0,&*F6#&%*96*=6#&%*k*[;SRSE*=S*@AA^S
B%96* 4#(E* 96* (&0,$6#99%* 96* =9,'* 4&s9%E* 9%* 53%F* 4dr,$&%* %"* ?,%9?,%* '0&(%* [-6#'* %'(H
5%* $&6#-%"(* ,"%* =)&#=3&6'%* h^* "0,'* '%->9%* l(&%* 9%'* 4%,g* j* P#&0-#(&%'* %(* 96* (0,&* 4%
+dK"]#"* k* [-6#'* )$0?,6"(* 6,''#* >#%"* 4%'* 536-=#]"0"'* =0,''6"(* 6,* =#%4* 4d,"* 6&>&%E* 4&
@$/*9#)/'(&/'.8$?.#A*F0"5(#0""6"(*50--%*,"%*F0&l(*96>/&#"(3#?,%^*c*f*(&6$%&'*5%*4%&"#%&
%g%-=9%E* 0"* %'(* 5%&(%'* f* -#99%* 9#%,%'* 4d,"%* 9#(()&6(,&%* 6&]0(#?,%* f* 96* 86"* 7"(0"#0* q* 9%
5&)6(%,&*4%*:)&,&#%&*)(6"(*=0,&(6"(*50"'#4)&)*=6&*5%&(6#"'*[%(*"0"*'6"'*&6#'0"^*50--%*,"%
'0&(%* 4d3)&#(#%&* =0''#>9%* 4,* =.&%* 4%* P6&]6"(,6* [',&(0,(* 4,* =0#"(* 4%* $,%* 4%* 96* &3)(0&#?,%
50-#50H'%g,%99%^*q*-6#'*96*(&#"#()*%"*?,%'(#0"*=0,&&6*(0,(*4%*-l-%*'%*4#&%*>%6,50,=*=9,'
]&0''#.&%-%"(E*50--%*46"'*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*6$%5*j*86#"(H:0&]"%*k*[=S
@UU^*0,*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*6$%5*j*86#"(*G%6"*`0z(%*I099%*k*[=S*XAL^*%(*j*+6*B36->&%
f*<0-=%*4,*=.&%*B695#F*k*[=S*QXX^S
Bd%'(* ?,%* 9d0"0-6'(#?,%* %'(* 50-#?,%-%"(* 50"(6-#")%* =6&* 9d0-"#=&)'%"5%* 4%* 96
'%g,69#()E*50--%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*W@W^*6$%5*j*I%'*50,#99%'E*$0,'*4#(%'*(0,C0,&'
e-%'*50,#99%'eE*0"*$6*$0,'*6==%9%&*9%*e<.&%HI%'HB0,#99%'eE*'65&)*(6"6&4#%&*k*[%(*"0(0"'*%"
=6''6"(*?,%*9%'*(%'(#5,9%'*F%&0"(*&%(0,&*46"'*9%'*j*50,#99%'*4%*-0,(0"*k*4%'*I653#"%'*4%
4.' K*G8&^S* O%* -l-%E* j* :&6],%((%* k* F%&6* =6&(#%* 4d,"%* 90"],%* 9#'(%* 4%* "0-'* F#],&6"(* 6,
4)>,(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*9d6&&#$)%*4%*j*I646-%*8=%&-%*k*50{"5#4%&6*6''%u*90]#?,%-%"(
6$%5* 96* F#"* 4d,"%* 0&]#%* 46"'* 4.' 4#77&' (&/* ?9)7/* [==S* WUXHWUT^D* j* 20,(%'* 9%,&'* '=%&-%'
'0"(*(&6"53)%'*%(*(0,(*%'(*F#"#*k*q*0"*&%(&0,$%&6*j*I646-%*8=%&-%*k*46"'*4&*F.)($8'(&
)&*988.$//.8*&' 0o* %99%* j* =9%,&"#53%* k* f* 96* =6]%* VL* [4#FF#5#9%E* #5#E* 4%* "%* =6'* F6#&%* 9%* 9#%"
@@L
**Z&6"5#'*B03%"E*j*G0,''#F*kE*K*+&)O9E*0=S*5#(SE*==S*WXHWTHWUHWLS
1@L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
6$%5*,"%*)$%"(,%99%*)C65,96(#0"^S*I6#'*5#(0"'*f*"0,$%6,*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*XAA^*0o*'%
(&0,$%*,"*6,(&%*%g%-=9%*4d3,-0,&*=0(653%*D*0"*/*6''#'(%*%"*%FF%(*f*,"*4#690],%*4%*'0,&4'
[-6'(,&>6(#0"*0>9#]%^*?,#*=0,&&6#(*'%*4)&0,9%&*46"'*,"%*>6"?,%*4,*'=%&-%*#-6]#"6#&%*D*j*q
7$%uH$0,'*>%6,50,=*4%*'=%&-%'*h*q*Gd%"*6#*6''%u*=0,&*&%=%,=9%&*-0"*>)&%(*kS
K"F#"E*46"'*9%*(&.'*"0$6&#"#%"*j*8#*0"*-%*$0#(*(0,(*",E*0"*$0#(*,"*=%"4,*kE*5d%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*C,'(%*,"*'%g%*?,%*9d0"*$0#(*-6#'*5d%'(*%"*(0,(*56'*5%9,#*4d,"*-0&(*%"*=,#''6"5%*%(*4d,"
=%"4,* =0(%"(#%9E* 9%* -%->&%* F0"5(#0""6"(* 690&'* -)(0"/-#?,%-%"(S* O6"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%
4d#4)%*[?,0#?,%*-0#"'*-0&>#4%-%"(Ê* #9* '%&6* F6#(* -%"(#0"* 46"'*45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [,"
]%"&%*?,#*'d%'(*=6&F0#'*=&l()*f*96*]&#$0#'%&#%^*4d,"%*>0,''09%*4d,"*(/=%*=6&(#5,9#%&*D*j*8,#'
>#%"*5%*536,$%*f*509*&0,9)*\*Bd%'(*9d'%,9*-0/%"*4d=6'*(d)]6&%&*k*[=S*@AX^*c*9%*j*536,$%*f*509
&0,9)*&%-=96b6"(*9%*j*>0"*#"4%g*k*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*5%9,#*?,#*j*-0"(&%*96
=9,#%*0,*9%*>%6,*(%-='*\*8,#$6"(*?,d#9*-0"(%*0,*?,d#9*4%'5%"4*k*f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*(3%&-0-.(&%
#"4#?,6"(*9%*-0&69*4%'*(&0,=%'*%(*40""6"(*9%*e96e*f*96*$#%*(0,(*%"(#.&%E*-6"#.&%*3,-0&#'(#?,%
4%*'#]"#F#%&*?,%*?,6"4*9%*>p(#-%"(*$6*[%(*?,%*9%*'%g%*%'(*j*=0#"()*$%&'*9d6u#-,(*\*B0--%*'#
O#%,*-l-%*)(6#(*%"*&,(*kÊ*(0,(*$6*D*5d%'(*9f*?,%*M0$6&#"6*%'(*&6>%96#'#%"E*46"'*9d#-=&%''#0"
4%*>%99%*'6"()*50-#?,%*?,#*'%*4)]6]%*4%*(%99%'*-)(6=30&%'S
K&[&:*"'%&.:#>&j
7'=%5(*4)Cf*)(,4#)*[$0#&*j*Z%,*=6&(0,(*m*kÊ*4)'#&*%(*4#'50,&'*6-0,&%,g*'0"(*40"5*'0,$%"(
=&)'%"()'*4%*F6b0"*5056''%*50--%*46"'*j*B3)&#E*$0,'*6$%u*(0&(*4%*C0,%&*6$%5*9%*F%,*4%
-0"*5,9*k*[7S`SE*=S*QW^*0o*4%,g*%g=&%''#0"'*[5FS*j*C0,%&*6$%5*9%*F%,*k*%(*j*6$0#&*9%*F%,*6,
5,9*k^*'%->9%"(*6$0#&*)()*3,-0&#'(#?,%-%"(*6''05#)%'S*:0,50(E*4%*'0"*5s()E*4#(*j*6==&)5#%&
9%'* )536"]%'* 3,-6#"'* 4%* (&0,* f* (&0,* k* [=S* L@Ê* -)(6=30&%* =0''#>9%-%"(* '%g,%99%S* O6"'
4567&:$&)';9:.87E*0"*6,&6*%"50&%E*f*96*=6]%*QQE*,"%*=0''#>9%*%(*&6>%96#'#%""%*9#'(%*4%*=0'#(#0"'
50--%*j*9%*50,=*4,*5369,-%6,E*9%*5&#*4%*96*56#99%E*96*>0,4%,'%E*96*&%-0"(6"(%*%(*96*-0&(*4%
96*5090->%*kE*BS*=&)50"#'6"(*=0,&*'6*=6&(*,"%*=&05)4,&%*-04)&)%*[j*Cd6#*=6'')*-6*$#%*',&
(&0#'*F65%'*?,#*-%*',FF#'%"(S*!"**D*f*96*$653%S*O%,g*D*f*96*53#%""%S*2&0#'*D*f*96*(6,=%S*kÊ*7S*'%
-0"(&6"(*=9,'*>&,(69*46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*4%*'%'*%"$#%'*[j*`0#'*5%((%*F#99%*?,#*=6''%*D*Cd6#-%&6#'
96*-0"(%&E*699%&*4%46"'E*9d0,$&#&*%(*(0->%&*4%46"'*k^*%(*:S*9,#*F6#'6"(*&%-6&?,%&*D*j*8#*(,*96
=%&5%'*(&0=E*%99%*-%,&(*D*b6*"d%'(*=6'*'05#69*kS
a,6"(*6,*5,9*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(E*#9*'%&6*=&)'%"(*46"'*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*50--%*j*7''0/0"'
"0'* C0,FF9,'* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* @T1Ê* j* I0"* =6,$d* O,F#0"E* (d6'* 9d]6>6&#(* m* k* [:SBSOSE* =S* QTU^* %(
j*Bd%'(*#/%*?,%*Cd9%'*6*F#0"'E*b6*-d&%F6#(*-69*6,*(&6#"*k*[+SISE*=S*W@W^S*<0,&(6"(E*9%*j*4%&&#.&%
3,-6#"*k*[GSNSE*=S*TWÊ*5d%'(*6,''#*9%*-/'(.&%E*9d0,(&%H-0"4%E*9d6,(&%*5s()*4%'*530'%'*q*0"
'%*=96#"(*4d6#99%,&'*"%*j*&#%"*50-=&%"4&%*f*'0"*4%&&#.&%*k*[GSNSE*=S*V@^*q*-l-%*'#*5%&(6#"%'
&)69#()'*50&=0&%99%'*&%'(%"(*)]69%-%"(*0-"#=&)'%"(%'*D*j*R9*-6&53%*%"*=%('*D*'0"*]&6#''%*?,#
F,#(%*-%*(&0,''%*6,*=#F*k*[+SISE*=S*QTUÊ*j*M0'*6-#'*9%'*-0&('*q0"(*4%'*(&0,'*4,*5,9*q*=6&*0o
#9'*=.(%"(*=9,'*k*[$8*BSJS*&%=&#'*46"'*4&*Q&%./E*=S*1T^S
7#99%,&'*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*9%*5,9*j*53#%*9d%"",#*k*c*#9*"d6*=9,'*9d%g=&%''#$#()*?,d#9
6$6#(E*4,*(%-='*?,%*96*j*>0,53%*4%'*F%''%'*k*%g#'(6#(*D*'d%g=&#-%*=%,(Hl(&%*#5#*[,"*=%,*50--%
53%u*:&6''%"'^*,"%*"0'(69]#%*4%*9d%'=&#(*&6>%96#'#%"*?,d0"*%''6#%*4%*&%(&0,$%&*%(*4%*9d)=0?,%
>)"#%*0o*9d0"*=6&96#(*56&&)-%"(*4%*5,9E*4%*50"*%(*6,(&%'*j*50,#99%'*4%*-0,(0"'*kS*<l9%H-l9%E
0"* 536"(%&6* 96* j* =6''#0"* ?,d6* 9d5,9* 4d'%* 4#$#'%&* kE* 9d6",'* %(* '0"* j* ,"#5#()* kE* 96* j* >0,53%
%g5&)-%"(#%99%*kE*9%'*j*(&0,'*6&&#.&%'*kE*9%*j*(&0,*>90"4*kE*9%*j*(&0,*F,"%'(%*kE*9%*j*(&0,*40"(
"0,'*"%*'0&(0"'*=6'*kE*j*9d6""%6,*(0->69E*%(5S*O6"'*4&'H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%
)4S*c*=S*W@Ê*0"*#&6*C,'?,df*&6==&053%&*9%*j*5,9*k*[#5#*6''#-#9)*f*,"%*j*>0,53%*6"5#%""%*k*40"(
0"*6((%"4*j*?,d%99%*'0,FF9%*k*6F#"*4%*=0,$0#&*j*|=6&9%&}*9%'*96"],%'*k^*4d,"*&%'=9%"4#''6"(
1@V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
I%''#%*40"(*0"*6((%"4*96*$%",%*D*j*;,#E*0,#E*5d%'(*-0"*5,9E*5d%'(*-0"*5,9*690&'*?,#*=6&9%&6E
%(*#9*'0,&#&6*%(*#9*'%&6*-6]"#F#?,%*kS
M0,$%99%* =&%,$%* ?,%* 9d6,(%,&* 6* 4%* 96* ',#(%* 46"'* 9%'* #4)%'* D* 5%((%* $%#"%* =6&640g69%
[)]69%-%"(* 53.&%* f* <&#]%"(^* '%* &%(&0,$%* 46"'* 456*7&' $8*988#* [=S* @T1^* 0o* 5d%'(* O#%,* 9,#H
-l-%*?,#*'%*F6#(*&6>%96#'#%"E*j*|=)(6"(}*,"*#--%"'%*&%]&%(*k*q*&)',9(6(*D*9d,"#$%&'*9,#*'0&(*4%
96*(l(%S*K'(*)-#'%*9d#4)%*?,%*5d%'(*46"'*96*=053%*[6"69%*h^*?,%*'%*5653%*9d0&#F#5%*4,*96"]6]%
[=S*@TA^S*j*;*"0(&%*6",'*k*'d%g596-%H(H0"*f*96*=6]%*@AT*[=%"46"(*?,%*G%6"*<&0(0(/=%*'%
$6"(%*4%*j*=)(%&*'%,9%-%"(*?,6"4*#9*/*6*=9,'*=%&'0""%*k*f*96*=6]%*TW^*c*4#&%*j*;*"0(&%
6",'*kE*5d%'(*=&%'?,%*#5#*'d64&%''%&*f*O#%,*[?,#*%'(*4%*F6#(*'0,$%"(*50-=6&)*f*,"*(&0,*46"'
9dr,$&%*4%*M0$6&#"6^S
+d#4)%* #50"0596'(%* ?,%* 9%* '0,FF9%* 4#$#"* =6''%* =6&* 9%* (&0,* %"* ?,%'(#0"* %(* ?,%* 5d%'(
F#"69%-%"(* 5%* (&0,H9f* ?,#* =%&-%(* 96* =6&09%* [%(* e9d30--6]%eE* e9d30--6''#0"e^* 'd%g=&#-%
%"50&%*-#%,g*46"'*5%&(6#"'*4%''#"'*4%*9d6,(%,&*q*%(*"0,'*&%F%&0"'*699,'#0"*f*5%96*46"'*"0(&%
=6&(#%*',&*9%*$#4%S*O%*-l-%E*:%5n%((*4#'6#(*46"'*45$889??.=:&*D*j*Cd6#*50"",*,"*-)4%5#"*?,#
'0,(%"6#(*?,%*9%*'0,FF9%*',=&l-%E*6,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*'(&#5(%-%"(*'5#%"(#F#?,%E*"%*=0,$6#(*'0&(#&
?,%*=6&*9%*F0"4%-%"(*k*q*9fE*#9*=6&9%*4d,"*4%&"#%&*'0,=#&*[%(*4%*5%'*j*30?,%('*?,#*4)=6&%"(
3)96'*(&0=*'0,$%"(*96*'09%""#()*4,*&%=6'*k^*-6#'*96*=3&6'%*=0,&&6#(E*50"'#4)&)%*'0,'*,"*6"]9%
"0$6&#"#%"*%(*%"*&%-=96b6"(*j*'0&(#&*k*=6&*e%"(&%&eE*'d6==9#?,%&*6,g*0&#]#"%'*4%*9d30--%S*`,
6#"'#E*9d6",'*%'(*=9,(s(*=0'#(#F*['#"0"E*5d%'(*,"*0&#F#5%*6,*'(6(,(*F9,5(,6"(^*D*0"*9%*$0#(E*5%*?,#
=0,&&6#(*l(&%*=%&b,*50--%*(&#$#69*&%C0#"(*?,6'#-%"(*9%*-/'(.&%*4%*96*"6#''6"5%*%(*4%*9dl(&%E
%(*5%*&6==&053%-%"(*36,(*\*>6'*"0,'*=6&6w(*=&0F0"4)-%"(*&6>%96#'#%"S
M0"0>'(6"(E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*9,5#4#()*&%'(%*4%*-#'%*D**D*j*9%'*530'%'*4%*4%$6"(*|t}*'6$%"(
?,%*9%'*530'%'*4%*4%&&#.&%*$0"(*4%$%"#&*-0&(%'*k*[4&'Q&%./E*=S*@AV^*c*9fE*#9*/*6*',=)&#0&#()
4%*9d%'=&#(*',&*96*-6(#.&%*[#5#*F)569%^*%(*)53%5*5,#'6"(*4%*9d6"5#%""%*6953#-#%S
K&fM*#'&M*:>"'%&%"&A+*-&$%>&*'+--%>
+%'* -l-%'* F#],&%'* '%&0"(* ,(#9#')%'* =6&* N6>%96#'* %(* =6&* M0$6&#"6* %(* =6&F0#'* 46"'
,"* -l-%* %'=&#(E* 5%* 4%&"#%&* =&0=0'6"(* 6$%5* 96* j* &,%* 4,* ?,6#* k* [$8* :SBSOSÊ* ,"
50"(&%=%(* &%''%->96"(* 6,g* -%''%'* F099%'* %(* 6,(&%'* j* 6* >%6,* -0"(* 9%* $#50-(%* k* q
$(&?*=0,&*9%'*6]]9,(#"6(#0"'*[j*?,%9?,,"]*k^*%(*9%'*-0('*%g5%''#$%-%"(*90"]'E*Z&6"b0#'
:0"* '#]"696"(* "0(6--%"(* j* -0&5&056''%>%u6''%,%u6''%]&#],%9#]0'50=6=0"4&#99)* %(
j-0&4%&%]&#==#=#=#0(6>#&0F&%9,536->,&%9,&%50?,%9,&#"(#-=6"%-%"'*kS
+%* ]#]6"(#'-%* 4%'* F#],&%'* &6>%96#'#%""%'E* 9,#E* '%* &%(&0,$%* =6&* %g%-=9%* 46"'* 5%((%
50-#?,%*4)596&6(#0"*4,*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/*[=S*Q@1^*D*j*:90&%((%*C%*$0,'*6#-%E
$0,'*6$%u*4%'*'%#"'*)"0&-%'*4d)9)=36"(*m*kS*M0(0"'*6,''#*5%*&%(0,&"%-%"(*-0"'(&,%,g*D
j*M0'*>0,53%'*'0"(*6''#'%'*%(*"0'*5,9'*=&l('*f*4)$0&%&*k*[:SBSOSE*=S*Q@A^S
7,(&%* 6>%&&6(#0"* &6>%96#'#%""%-%"(* 50-#?,%E* 0"* =0,&&6* '%g,%99%-%"(* '%* (&0-=%&
4d0&#F#5%*50--%*9%*F6#(*j*Z0,(#%&*k*[-0(*50"(%"6"(*9%'*9%((&%'*4,*-0(*Z0,(&%E*#5#*&6==&053)*4d,"
"0-*4%*F6-#99%^*?,#*j*5&0#(*9d0&#99.&%*l(&%*,"%*$6]#"%*k*[+SISE*=S*WL1Ê*-)=&#'%*?,#*'%*&%(&0,$%
=9,'#%,&'*=6]%'*6$6"(*[=S*QXL^*D*j*O6*'=%&-%*46"(%*9d0,&%#99%*|t}*5%*'=%&-%*46"'*9d0&%#99%&E
(d9%*F0,(&%*46"'*9%'*0&%#99%'*k*c*4d6,(&%'*-0('*'0"(*9f*D*46E*O6"(%E*4%"(E*36"(%E*9d0,&'E*9d;,&69*[%(
-l-%*=6'*46"'*9%*'0,'H(%g(%*D*0"*9%'*$0#(E*0"*9%'*%"(%"4E*#9'*'0"(*f*9dr,$&%E*%"$63#''6"('Ê
?,#*>&0,#99%"(*%"50&%*9%'*=#'(%'S
;"*6,&6*,"%*6,(&%*'5."%*50-=6&6>9%*f*,"*$#09*=6&*9d0&#99%*f*96*=6]%*1W*4,*@).?&'(&':.
;$&*D*Ip53%F%&E*%"*%FF%(E*(%9*,"*$#96#"*405(%,&E*j*&%-=9#(*9d0&%#99%*k*4%*`69.&%*?,#*5&0#(*j*l(&%
,"%*0#%*]6$)%*4d%6,*k*D*j*>#%"(s(*'%'*/%,g*'%*F%&-%"(*%(*#9*"%*$0#(*=9,'*&#%"E*9d%6,*-0"(%E
Ip53%F%&*%"F0"5%*=9,'*90#"*96*>&6"53%E*#9*6*=6'')*46"'*`69.&%*9%*(,>%*4%*+6-=#4%*kS*<9,'
11A
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
90#"E*',==9#5%*=9,'*50--,"E*5%*"d%'(*=9,'*=9,'*4d0"4%*-6#'*4d0"4%'*?,%*'%*&%-=9#(*9d0&%#99%S
K"*(0,(*56'E*96*&)F)&%"5%*%'(*6,''#*'36n%'=%6&#%""%E*9%*=.&%*4dJ6-9%(*)(6"(*-0&(*[&6==%90"'H
9%^*f*56,'%*4d,"*=0#'0"*$%&')*46"'*9d0&%#99%S
`#'#0"*=9,'*6=6#')%E*'#]"690"'*9%*56'*4d,"*j*=.&%*=0&(%,&*k*(&.'*&6>%96#'#%"*[5d%'(*,"
])6"(^* %(* )$0?,6"(* 86#"(* B3&#'(0=3%* f* 96* =6]%* WA* 4,*@).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* D* 5d%'(* j* 9d30--%
?,#* -%* * =0&(6* '%=(* -0#'* 46"'* '0"* 0&%#99%* k* q* >#%"* 'z&* 96* &)F)&%"5%* [5FS* 7]".'^* %'(* 6,''#
-09#)&%'?,%S*O6"'*,"%*90"],%*4#46'569#%*4%*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*[=S*WQUÊ*0"*6,&6*=9,(s(*,"%
4%'5&#=(#0"*-#53694#%""%*[5FS*50->6(E*")090]#%^*f*&6==&053%&*4d,"*$#09*5099%5(#F*50"5%&"6"(
9d0,{%*[0,*=9,(s(*j*9d0&#99%*k^*D
Le ije qui lui paralyse les phinctons s’approche de sa elle et lui rame l’os à
pâques. L’imbécile sans un mot jette le son accroupi. Luisent les voreilles sur
l’autajonc Les circonstances sont pires à chaque fois que ça commence. Un autre
vient lui percer la cahorte. La pauvre, elle entre terriblement. Le même arrive
péniblement. La publique tient toute la largeur de la rampe. En scène, tout le
monde continue à percer. […]. Aux armognons, les torturiers français reprennent
une danse.
B%* (&6#(%-%"(* 4%* 5305* 4)>0,53%&6* 5%=%"46"(* ',&* ,"%* &)$)96(#0"* D* j* N,#''%((%* )(6#(* 96
:6"?,#.&%* `)"#($)* kS* !"%* =6]%* 6$6"(* [=6]%* 0o* 9d0"* =6&9%&6* 6,''#* 4d,"%* j* >9%'',&%
#"(#-%*kÊ*96*-l-%*N,#''%((%E*%g6'=)&)%E*'d%g596-6#(*4)Cf*D*j*`%,g*=9,'*?,d0"*-d%->l(%
9%'* 0&%#99%'* 6$%5* 9%'* 9db0"'* kE* 5%* ?,#* '0""%* 50--%* ,"* &%F,'* 4%* (0,(%'* 5%'* j* $#96#"%'
$#096"],%'* k* [6,g?,%99%'* 9%'* 0&%#99%'* '0"(* -l-%* 4#(%'* j* 5#-%"()%'* k^* %(* 4%* 96* j* &6]#0"
?,dCd6$#0"'*%"*5#-%*k*D*'d6FF#&-%*53%u*%99%*[%(*9d0"*&%(&0,$%*#5#*,"%*0>'%''#0"*4d7&(6,4^*,"
4)'#&*$#09%"(*4d6,(0"0-#%*%(*4%*(&0,$%&*'6*96"],%E*'6*$0#g*%(*'6*$0#%*[-l-%*'#*96*86$0#%*"%
9%*$%,(*=6'^*D*j*`%,g*F6#&%*(0,(*9%*(0,&*'%,9%*4d6"6(0-#0"S*7"]%&*9d0&50"*|t}*Cd(%*53%&53%E*Cd(%
53%&53%*m*k*-6#'*5%((%*?,l(%*4%*'0#*?,#*=6''%*=6&*96*4)50,$%&(%*4%*'0"*=&0=&%*50&='*[5FS
j*6"6(0-#0"*k^*%'(*3)96'*F&%#")%*=6&*9dJ0--%*4%*805#%(*6$%5*(0,(%'*'%'*j*9db0"'*k*$#09%"(%'
?,#*j*|%->l(%"(}*9%'*0&%#99%'*kE*0&%#99%'*?,d0"*"%*96#''%*C6-6#'*'%,9%'E*C6-6#'*(&6"?,#99%'S
OKOKRK&?/&[&"*)/*9*$&'%-&92*/'%-&\
K&E*A.'+:.&X.<%&b&a.p("+:%
+d6==&053%*4%*:6n3(#"%*50"5%&"6"(*9%*56&"6$69%'?,%*'%90"*N6>%96#'*'%->9%*F0"5(#0""%&
50--%*,"%*]&#99%*)]69%-%"(*0=)&6(0#&%*=0,&*M0$6&#"6*c*5d%'(*5%*?,%*=%"'%*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(
q*%(*"0,'*#&0"'*46"'*'0"*'%"'S*O6"'*'0"*0,$&6]%E*%99%*"0,'*&6==%99%*%"*%FF%(*?,%*:6n3(#"%
-%(*9d655%"(*',&*4%'*"0(#0"'*50--%*j*=&09#F)&6(#0"*C0/%,'%*k*%(*j*4/"6-#?,%*=&09#F)&6"(%*k
?,#* =0,&&6#%"(* (0,(* 6,''#* >#%"* 'd6==9#?,%&* f* 96* -6"#.&%* 40"(* '%* 50"'(&,#'%"(* 9%'* 9#$&%'* 4%
`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*#"'#'(%*6,''#*',&*,"%*"0(#0"*(&.'*>6nn3(#"#%""%E*?,d%99%*6==9#?,%*6''%u
"6(,&%99%-%"(* f* 9dr,$&%* "0$6&#"#%""%* ?,#E* 4#(H%99%E* j* C0,%* ',&* j* 96* (%"'#0"* =%&-6"%"(%
@@V
%"(&%*96*'6(#&%*%(*9d)90]%E*96*4)$0(#0"*%(*96*4#FF6-6(#0"*k S*B%96*&%"$0#%*4%*F6#(*f*9d6"69/'%
=&0=0')%*=6&*:6n3(#"%*',&*5%*?,d#9*"0--%*96*j*90,6"]%H#"C,&%*k*D*=6&96"(*4%*96*F6-%,'%
9#(6"#%*4,*j*50,#990"*kE*-0(*j*f*40,>9%*$#'6]%*50--%*G6",'*kE*#9*%g=9#?,%*D*j*O,*4)>,(*f
96*F#"E*#9*%'(*#-=0''#>9%*4%*4%*(&65%&*,"%*F&0"(#.&%*(6"(*'0#(*=%,*=&)5#'%*%"(&%*96*90,6"]%*%(
@@V
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X4.'>9?I($&'(#';&)=&*E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*QQA
11@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
@1A
9d#"C,&%*k S*j*+0,6"]%H#"C,&%*k*[j*#"C,&%H)90]%*0,*j*"0-'*'0>&#?,%('*)90]#%,gH#"C,&#%,g*kÊ
@1@
@11
j*5)9)>&6(#0"H&#4#5,9#'6(#0"*k E*j*-0&(H&)',&&%5(#0"*k *[0,*j*-0&(H"6#''6"5%*kÊ*j*50&='
F)50"46"(HF)50"4)E*-%((6"(*6,*-0"4%H-#'*6,*-0"4%E*-6"]%,&H-6"])E*>,$6"(H%g5&)(6"(*k
@1Q
*D*0"*'d6=%&b0#(*?,%*9%'*-0('*50-=0')'*0g/-0&#?,%'*'0"(*(&.'*"0->&%,g*53%u*9d)5&#$6#"
:6n(3#"%*q*0"*'6#(*?,d#9'*9%*'0"(*6,''#*53%u*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S*O6"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E*5d%'(*9d#4)%
4d,"%* 6->#$69%"5%* ?,#* %'(* -#'%* %"* 6$6"(E* =6&F0#'* 5%99%* 4d,"* 5/59%* $0#&%* 4d,"%* j* F0&-,9%
50"5%"(&)%* %(* ,"#$%&'69#'(%* 4%* 96* $#%* k* %(* 4d,"* j* =&05%'','* 3#'(0&#?,%* k* * D* j* >0"3%,&H
@1W
-693%,&E*6'5%"'#0"H53,(%E*65?,#'#(#(#0"H=%&(%E*50,&0""%-%"(H4)(&s""%-%"(**k E*9%'*4%,g
=0#"('*)(6"(*#5#*,(#9#')*50--%*,"%*>6&&%*4%*(/=%*e\e*[5%96*4#(E*5%'*-0('*=6&(#5,9#%&'*'0"(*=%,(H
l(&%* 9%* F6#(* 4%* 96* (&64,5(&#5%E* 7"4&)%* N0>%9^S* 7* &6==&053%&* 4%* 5%'* e0g/-0('* 50-=0')'e* D
9d#-6]%* 56&"6$69%'?,%* %"* 4#6>9%* 4d,"* j* )=0,$6"(6#9* C0/%,g* k* %(* 9%* 50"5%=(* 4%* j* -0&(
C0/%,'%*k*[&%'=%5(#$%-%"(*D*=S*Q1Q*%(*=S*WAX*4%*9d0,$&6]%*4%*:6n3(#"%^S
O%*-l-%E*'0"*6==&053%*4,*50&='*]&0(%'?,%*50--%*j*50&='*%"*-0,$%-%"(*k*=0,&&6#(
'6"'*=&0>9.-%*'d6==9#?,%&*6,*50&='*"0$6&#"#%"*D
[…], le corps grotesque est un corps en mouvement. Il n’est jamais prêt ni
achevé : il est toujours en état de construction, de création et lui-même construit
un autre corps ; de plus, ce corps absorbe le monde et est absorbé par ce dernier
[…]. C’est pourquoi le rôle essentiel est dévolu dans le corps grotesque à ses
parties, ses endroits, où il se dépasse, franchit ses propres limites, met en
125
chantier un autre (ou second) corps : le ventre et le phallus.
R9*6C0,(%*?,%*5%&(6#"%'*=6&(#%'*4,*50&='*j*=%,$%"(*-l-%*'%*')=6&%&*4,*50&='E*-%"%&*,"%
$#%*#"4)=%"46"(%E*56&*%99%'*)$#"5%"(*9%*&%'(6"(*4,*50&='*&%9)],)*6,*'%50"4*&6"]*[9%*"%u*=%,(
9,#*6,''#*'%*')=6&%&*4,*50&='^*k*D
Après le ventre et le membre viril, c’est la bouche qui joue le rôle le plus
important dans le corps grotesque, puisqu’elle engloutit le monde ; et ensuite le
derrière.
;"*$%&&6*?,%*5%'*)(&6"]%'*=3)"0-."%'*'%*50"'(6(%"(*)]69%-%"(*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*`69.&%
M0$6&#"6S* +%* 4)$%90==%-%"(* >6n3(#"#%"* 50"5%&"6"(* 9d#-=0&(6"5%* 4,* (&0,* 53%u* N6>%96#'
[j* (&0,* 4%* 96* '#>/99%* kE* j* (&0,* 4%* '6#"5(* <6(&#5n* kE* %(5S^* %'(* %"50&%* %"* =6&(#%* $696>9%
@1T
=0,&* 9dr,$&%* #5#* )(,4#)% * S* a,6"(* 6,* >6'* -#'* %"* 36,(E* #9* '%* &%"50"(&%E* %"(&%* 6,(&%'
@1U
055,&&%"5%'E* (0,C0,&'* '%90"* :6n(3#"% * 46"'* 9%'* 5#"?* =&%-#%&'* (0&53%5,9'* 4%* 96* 5)9.>&%
9#'(%*&6>%96#'#%""%E*&%"$%&'%-%"(*#50"0596'(%*?,#*6*'0"*)?,#$69%"(*"0$6&#"#%"*[j*;E*"0(&%
6",'*m*kE*%(5^S*K"F#"E*46"'*96*-6"#.&%*40"(*#9*=6&9%*4,*j*$056>,96#&%*4%*96*=965%*=,>9#?,%*k*[$8
j*B36=#(&%*RR*kÊ*:6n3(#"%*'%->9%*=&%'?,%*)$0?,%&*=6&*-0-%"('*96*"0$6&#"#%""%*F0#&%*4%
230"0"*4)5&#(%*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&S
@1A
**I#n36{9*:6n3(#"%E*45h#;)&'(&'D).8b9$/'Q.=&:.$/*'&7':.'*#:7#)&'%9%#:.$)&'.#'H9S&8'60&'&7'/9#/':.*Q&8.$//.8*&E*P699#-6&4E
B099%5(#0"*j*2%9*kE*I%'"#9H',&H9dK'(&)%E*F)$&#%&*1A@AE*=S*W@XS
@1@
**3=$(E*=S*1LXS
**3=$(E*=S*1AT*%(*=S*QX@
@1Q
**3=$(E*=S*Q@U
@1W
**3=$(E*=S*1QX
@11
125
&lH+$?&/F&J03F
@1T
**3=$(E*=S*QUW*%(*',#(%S
**3=$(E*=S*QUA*%(*',#(%S
@1U
111
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
;"*9%*$0#(E*96*]&#99%*4%*:6n3(#"%*%'(*'0,$%"(*6==9#56>9%*6,*"0$6&#"#%"E*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(
#"(&04,#'6"(*5%=%"46"(*5%*>)-09*f*96*=6]%*@XX*4%*'6*>9?I($&'(#';&)=&*4)Cf*)$0?,)%*D
j*O6"'*96*(3)0&#%*4%*I#n36{9*:6n3(#"%E*6==9#?,)%*6,*&0-6"E*#9*"%*'6,&6#(*/*6$0#&*4%*=09/=30"#%
6,* (3)p(&%* kS* R5#E* 4#(H%99%E* j* 9%'* 6&],-%"('* 4,* 5&#(#?,%* &,''%* "%* '0"(* ],.&%* 50"$6#"56"('E
@1L
#]"0&6"(*96*"6(,&%*4#690]#?,%*4,*(3)p(&%*50"(%-=0&6#"*k* S*O%*-l-%E*90&'?,%*:6n3(#"%
=&)'%"(%*9%*5#&?,%*-04%&"%*50--%*,"*=0''#>9%*',55%''%,&*4%*96*5,9(,&%*-)4#)$69%E*5%*?,d#9
4#(*"%*'%*&6==0&(%*=6'*6,*5#&?,%*"0$6&#"#%"*D
Dans le comique populaire, la topographie corporelle fusionne avec la
topographie cosmique : nous décelons dans l’aménagement de l’espace au
cirque ou sur les trétaux forains les mêmes éléments topographiques que sur
la scène où étaient joué les mystères : terre, enfers et ciel (mais bien sûr sans
129
l’interprétation religieuse).
B%* j* >#%"* 'z&* k* F#"69* "0,'* ]l"%* q* -6#'* 'd#9* 6$6#(* $,* )$09,%&* 9%'* '6#"('* 590~"%'?,%'E
eF,"6"]%>,9%'e*%(*6,(&%'*eF,"6->,96"]%'e*"0$6&#"#%"'E*:6n3(#"%*6,&6#(*=%,(Hl(&%*F6#(*,"%
%g5%=(#0"*[0,*6C0,()*,"%*"0(%*%"*>6'*4%*=6]%Ê*9d6"690]#%*5#&?,%\'65&)*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*'6"'
40,(%*6,''#*53%u*9%*=%#"(&%*B36]699*[%(*46"'*5%&(6#"'*F#9-'*4%*Z%4%&#50*Z%99#"#^S*<0,&*6>0&4%&
96*?,%'(#0"*4,*5#&?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*,"%*j*#"(%&=&)(6(#0"*&%9#]#%,'%*k*%'(*%"*%FF%(*(0,(*f*F6#(
=0''#>9%t*7996"(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*"0(&%*#4)%*-6#'*'d%g=&#-6"(*4%*F6b0"
=9,'*])")&69%E*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*%g=9#?,%*46"'*96*50"59,'#0"*4%*'0"*9#$&%*D*9%*56&"6$69%'?,%
50-#?,%* "d%'(* =6'* 6,''#* 6H&%9#]#%,g* ?,%* I#n36{9* :6n3(#"%* 9%* 96#''6#(* %"(%"4&%* 46"'* '0"
@QA
6"69/'%*k* *c*0"*9%*$0#(E*96*]&#99%*>6n3(#"#%""%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*6==9#56>9%*6,*56&"6$69%'?,%
50-#?,%*(%9*?,%*=&6(#?,)*=6&*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[%(*#9*F6,4&6*"0,'*=%"53%&*=9,'*90"],%-%"(
',&*5%(*6'=%5(*4%'*530'%'^S
K&\%''+D'%&M*:&-*#/
Md0,>9#0"'* =6'* ?,%* <6"(6]&,%9* %(* P6&]6"(,6* '0"(* 4%'* ])6"('E* 4%'* F#],&%'* %g5%''#$%'E
'#]"#F#6"(%'* 5%&(%'E* '05#090]#?,%-%"(* =6''#0""6"(%'* [%"F6"5%'E* '#(,6(#0"* =09#(#?,%* 4%
9d)=0?,%E*%(5S^*'6"'*40,(%*-6#'*-69]&)*(0,(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*=6&04#?,%'*D*#9*/*6*>#%"*'z&*6,''#
4%*5%96*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*"0$6&#"#%"S*<0,&(6"(E*'#*9%*&#&%*%(*96*4#-%"'#0"*56&"6$69%'?,%*'0"(
0-"#=&)'%"('E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*=0,&*-%((&%*9%*36,(*%"*>6'*%(*$#5%H$%&'6S*R9*/*6*%"*%FF%(
=6&F0#'*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*(&#'(%*%(*4%*-0&(#F.&%E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*(&0,>9%*$%&(#]%*$0#&%*4%*-696#'%
])")&69#')*46"'*9%*56&"6$69*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(*[5%*?,%*9%*>&)'#9#%"*G0&]%*7-640*6*F0&(*>#%"*',
'#]"#F#%&\'#]"69%&*f*(&6$%&'*'%'*&0-6"'^*%(*46"'*5%9,#*4%*M0$6&#"6*%"*=6&(#5,9#%&S*I6#'*5%96
=%,(*6,''#*4)=%"4&%*4%*96*=#.5%*%(*4,*(/=%*4%*=%&'0""6]%'*-6'?,)'S*7*=&0=0'*4,*<.=$:
(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*%(*f*96*=6]%*VX*4,*&%5,%#9*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E
I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&*"0(%*=6&*%g%-=9%*D
Le BCD met ainsi en scène la condition humaine vouée à une parole en état
d’inadéquation fondamentale vis-à-vis du corps. De là sans doute, cette
insistance sur les masques, et les pantins. […]. Parole déguisée également.
Les personnages du BCD multiplient les allusions au « bal masqué » auquel
ils doivent se rendre, et ou s’achèvera le « défilé si ridicule » des costumes
inadaptés. Depuis l’ouverture de la pièce, les « travailleurs » sont affublés
@1L
129
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*=S*@XXS
&N+p(.h-&a.p("+:%?&LW*%#A'%&$%&`'.:o*+>&V.H%-.+>&&%"&-.&<#-"#'%&/*/#-.+'%&.#&N*O%:&fQ%&%"&>*#>&-.&V%:.+>>.:<%?&/F&J30F
@QA
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*=S*QVXS
11Q
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
de « vilains costumes », de « costumes à labour », qui leur donne l’air
d’«épouvantaux ». Un couple proche de Bouche et Oreille, celui que forment
Hardy et Castaing, porte « les pantalons et les vestes de plume verte » qui
rappellent évidemment le déguisement des Boucot dans l’AV, et tient « à la
main » des « masques de têtes d’oiseaux ». On retrouve ici le thème de la
parole masquée et manipulée, très présent déjà dans l’AV, et qui clôt le babil
d’Adramélech : « Masques vilains aux traits percés, vilains masques sans nez,
masques mangés, adieu dites adieu à vos sempiternelles réxécutions de bal... »
Ce thème porte à la fois sur le débat propre à la condition humaine, à sa relation
avec la langue (« Au plus intime de notre corps, le langage nous dit que notre
corps n’était pas un espace pour nous. »), et sur le conflit inhérent à la nature
du langage et à son utilisation comme instrument (de pouvoir, de séduction, de
travail, etc.).
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%*96*=0''#>#9#()*4d,"*56&"6$69*4%*-0&(*4%*(/=%*]3%94%&04#%"E*9%*4)(&s"%-%"(
[9%*-0(*%'(H#9*#40#"%*h^*'%->9%*0-"#=&)'%"(*46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6E*-6#'*=6'*4,*(0,(
50--%*46"'*9%*(%&&#>9%*LU7&*(59)*4%*B96,4%9*c*5d%'(*?,d#5#E*9%*=&0>9.-%*%'(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(
96"]6]#%&*q*4d6#99%,&'E*0"*3)'#(%*-l-%*%"(&%*j*',',&&%&*k*%(*j*,',&=%&*k*,"*(&s"%*f*96*=6]%
UV*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&S*B6&*%"F#"E*5d%'(*9f*?,%*(0,(*'%*C0,%*D*46"'*96*=3&6'%*%(*=6'
6#99%,&'*c*9d%"C%,*=0,&*9%*-0(E*j*',',&&%&*k*0,*j*,',&=%&*kE*5d%'(*4%*&%'(%&*46"'*96*=965%*%(
46"'*96*=3&6'%E*?,#((%*f*4)(&s"%&*9%*-0(*?,#*6,&6#(*4z*'d#-=0'%&S
B%&(%'E*9%*N0#*:0,50(*'%->9%*=6&*-0-%"('*$65#99%&*',&*'0"*(&s"%*56=#(69#'(%*-6#'*5d%'(
,"*56'*=6&(#5,9#%&*D*%"*F6#(E*#9*'d6]#(*-0#"'E*=0,&*9%'*=%&'0""6]%'*"0$6&#"#%"'E*4%*4)(&s"%-%"(
46"'* ,"%* =%&'=%5(#$%* 56&"6$69%'?,%* ?,%* 4%* &%-=965%-%"(* 50"'(6"(* 4%'* F#],&%'E* 6$%5
%"(&)%'*%(*'0&(#%'*50--%*%"*,"*F6>,9%,g*5#&?,%*=%&-6"%"(*0o*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*536?,%*6&(#'(%
4%*536"(%&*'6*536"'0"*%(*4%*F6#&%*'0"*",-)&0S
K"* '0--%E* '#* %99%* %'(* 0=)&6(0#&%* =0,&* 9%* 56&"6$69* %"* &.]9%* ])")&69%E* 96* "0(#0"* 4%
4)(&s"%-%"(* %(* 4%*&%"$%&'%-%"(*'/->09#?,%*4%'* =0,$0#&'* %"* =965%* "d%'(* =6'* F0&5)-%"(
$696>9%*=0,&*?,69#F#%&*9%*j*B#&?,%*4d65(#0"*k*"0$6&#"#%"*c*%"*&%$6"53%E*#9*6&&#$%&6*?,d0"*=,#''%
=6&9%&*[46"'*F&*/#$/E*"0(6--%"(^*4%*j*4)$0#9%-%"(*k*0,*-l-%*?,d0"*=,#''%*'d%g596-%&E
50--%*46"'*-.87.0)#&:*D*j*`0,'*6$%u*=6&9)E*-6'?,%*m*kS*7#"'#E*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E
0"*536"(%&6*j*2&6"?,#99%'E*C0,#''0"'E*-6"]%0"'E*>,$0"'*\*<#''0"'E*$#$0"'*'6"'*-6'?,%*\
B6&*?,#H?,#*56'?,%*h*5d%'(*96*'05#)()*k*[=S*WA^*(6"4#'*?,%*46"'*j*7$690"'*'%5E*(&0?,0"'H
(&0?,0"'*k*[=S*1QÊ*9%*F6-%,g*j*2&#"53*k*&6>%96#'#%"*%'(*&6==&053)*4d,"*(&05*c*0"*'%*-)F#%&6
-l-%*4%*5%*(&0=*=9%#"*4%*9#>%&()*D*j*7990"'*>0"*m*'#*9%'*0"0-6(0=)%'*'0"(*=%&-#'%'*k*[;SRSE
=S*UT^S
B%96*=0')E*#9*/*6,&6*50--%*,"*&%(0,&"%-%"(*4%*(/=%*56&"6$69%'?,%*46"'*D.:/7.E&*0o
,"*(&#'(%*'#&%*"0--)*8#9%"5%*-%((&6*9d)?,#$69%"(*4d,"*"%u*&0,]%*%"*536"(6"(*,"%*536"'0"
=9%#"%*4%*>0""%*3,-%,&*D
Soyez gais, soyez gais ! Ré-éjouissez-vous ! / Soyez gais, soyez gais, é-égayonsnous ! / Et si nos femmes sont des coquines, / Consolons-nous chez les
voisines ! / Formez les quadrilles, faites valser les filles ! / Ouvrez le bal, voici le
temps du Carnaval !
O%$6"(*(6"(*4d#"36>#(,%99%*]6#%()E*Z69'(6F%*'d)(0""%*D*j*G%*"d6,&6#'*C6-6#'*5&,*?,%*-6w(&%
8#9%"5%*Fz(*,"*(%9*>0,(%H%"H(&6#"*kE*5%*f*?,0#*9d#"()&%'')*&)=0"4*D*j*Gd6#*)()*]6#*(&0#'*F0#'*46"'
-6*$#%*%(*5d%'(*6,C0,&4d3,#*96*(&0#'#.-%*kS
11W
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
K&E*M?&M.>,#%&%"&M*'"
86"'*=6&9%&*F0&5)-%"(*4%*&%"$%&'%-%"(*56&"6$69%'?,%*4%'*$69%,&'*%"*=965%E*#9*'%->9%&6#(
?,%*9%'*-6'?,%'*%(*9%*(3.-%*4,*-6'?,%*'0#%"(*,"%*0>'%''#0"*"0$6&#"#%""%*%(*9d,"*4%'*F#9'
50"4,5(%,&'*4%*9dr,$&%*(0,(*%"(#.&%S*O.'*4&*<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/E*#9*/*6$6#(E*%"
=9,'*4d,"*j*>69*-6'?,)*k*[=S*1ULÊ*,"*j*56&"6$69*4%'*6"#-6,g*k*[=S*1QU^*?,#*&6==%99%*,"%
-,'#?,%*)(&6"]%*?,%*9d0"*40#(*f*86#"(H86‡"'S*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/E*0"*96"b6#(*j*7FF%-#'%
'0"*-6'?,%*f*>0,FF%*k*[=S*QW@Ê*0"*536"(6#(*j*9d6#&*4%'*-6'?,%'*k*[=S*QL1^*%(*0"*5&0#'6#(*q
'6"'*=6&9%&*4,*j*50'(,-%*%"*=9,-%'*$%&(%'*k*4%*96*=6]%*WXA*q*,"%*j*$#'6].&%*f*(&0-=%
)$65,6"(%*k*[=S*WXX^*%(*4%'*j*$#'%6,g*4%'*F65#%,g*4%'*(l((%'*k*[=S*W@Q^*c*?,6"(*6,g*j*$#'6]%'
=%&5)'*k*[=S*X1AÊ*#9'*)$0?,%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%'*(&0,'*=0,&*9%'*/%,gS
B)9.>&%*=0,&*'0"*56&"6$69E*,"%*$#99%*%'(*4d6#99%,&'*"0--)%*46"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/[=S
WUV^*f*(&6$%&'*,"%*%g596-6(#0"E*j*O,"n%&?,%E*O,"n%&?,%*m*kE*?,#*'%->9%*#"$#(%&*f*96*Fl(%
%"*&%"0,6"(*6$%5*,"%*(&64#(#0"*%"50&%*&%96(#$%-%"(*$#$65%*[-l-%*'d#9*'d6]#(*',&(0,(*#5#*4%
Fl(%&*96*'%,9%*f*5)4#99%*$0#&%*4%*9,#*F6#&%*'6*Fl(%^*c*"0(0"'*?,%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*#9*'%&6
?,%'(#0"*4,*j*B6&"6$69*4%*M%$%&'*k*[=S*VX^S*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*%"*%FF%(E*"d%'(*=6'*%"*&%'(%*c
%"*()-0#]"%"(*"0(6--%"(*4%'*"0-'*4%*=%&'0""6]%'*50--%*j*G%6"*4%'*-6'?,%'*k*[=S
1VW^*%(*j*B3#%"*`#'6])*k*[=S*1AV^*c*f*96*=6]%*11XE*0"*5&0#'%&6*4%'*j*30--%'*50#FF)'*4%
(l(%'*4%*F%--%'*k*%(E*f*96*=6]%*',#$6"(%E*0"*6,&6*-l-%*,"%*9#'(%*4d30--%'*?,d0"*6*50#FF)'
4,*j*:,9>%*k*%(*4,*j*B&p"%*k*50--%*'#*9d%"C%,*4,*56&"6$69*)(6#(*4%*F6#&%*=6''%&*9d#"()&#%,&
f*9d%g()&#%,&*=0,&*-0"(&%&*?,%*96*$&6#%*(l(%E*5d%'(*9%*5&p"%*[9%'*4%"('*"0,'*&%"'%#]"6"(*4)Cf
,"*=%,*f*5%*',C%(^S
20,C0,&'*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*-6#'*f*96*=6]%*1LQE*"0,'*"0,'*(&0,$%&0"'*50"F&0"()'
f*,"*j*50&(.]%*4%'*536#&'*k*c*#9*/*6,&6*,"*j*>69*4%'*]0#"F&%'*k*f*96*=6]%*1TA*%(*9dr,$&%*'%
(%&-#"%&6*=6&*j*Z0&-%u*,"%*=6&64%*k*[=S*1VT^S*;,(&%*9%'*-0('*j*50&(.]%*kE*j*=6&64%*k*%(
j*>69*kE*0"*&%(&0,$%&6*9%*-0(*j*56&"6$69*k*46"'*96*4%'5&#=(#0"*4,*j*O#%,*P&6"4*`%5(0"*'%,9
&%$l(,*4,*56&"6$69*f*=6((%'*k*[=S*1WQ^*%(*46"'*j*`#''%uH9,#*=6&*9d6&&#.&%*9%'*,'*%(*9%'*r#99%('
4,*56&"6$69*f*0,#H4#&%*k*[=S*1WQ^*c*%"F#"E*96*=6&(#%*j*$6*k*'%&6*s()%*f*96*=6]%*1QA*[5%*?,#
"0,'*)$0?,%&6*#&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(*,"*j*56&"6$69*4%'*$#6"4%'*k^*46"'*j*+d30--%*%'(*,"*r,FE
5d%'(*'0"*56&"69*?,#*9d6*-6"])*kS
+6*=6]%*1AV*'%->9%E*%99%E*"0,'*&%"'%#]"%&*',&*9%*=&0C%(*"0$6&#"#%"*-l-%*q*9%*>,(*4%
9d6,(%,&*"%*'%&6#(H#9*=6'*4%*F6#&%*j*4)F#9%&*%"*&/(3-%*k*(0,'*9%'*30--%'*4%*(0,'*9%'*(%-='*h
+%* 4)'#&* F0,* 4%* "d0,>9#%&* =%&'0""%* %g=9#?,%&6#(H#9* 40"5* 9d%g(&l-%* 90"],%,&* 4%'* 9#'(%'* %"
?,%'(#0"*h*R5#E*=%,(Hl(&%*'d6]#(H#9E*,"*=%,*50--%*53%u*P6((#E*4%*F6#&%*&%$#$&%*=6&*96*=6&09%*4%'
l(&%'*40"(*9d3#'(0#&%*6*#"C,'(%-%"(*0,>9#)*9%'*"0-'*['%'*9#'(%'*=0,$6"(*%"*%FF%(*'d6==6&%"(%&
f* 5%99%'* ?,d0"* =%,(* 9#&%* ',&* 9%'* -0",-%"('* 6,g* -0&('^* -6#'* 9d)"0&-%* 4#FF)&%"5%* 6$%5* 96
-/(3090]#%*4d7&-6"4*P6((#E*5d%'(*?,%*9%'*-0&('*4%*M0$6&#"6*"%*'0"(*=6'*-0&('*',&*(%&&%
-6#'*46"'*9%*!-0"4%*%(*9%*8(64%*4d65(#0"*6#"'#*?,d%"*()-0#]"%"(*9%,&'*=6(&0"/-%'E*(0,'
=9,'*F6"(6#'#'(%'*9%'*,"'*?,%*9%'*6,(&%'S*20,(%F0#'E*#9*'%*=%,(*?,%*5%'*"0-'*'0#%"(*%"50&%*4%'
-6'?,%'E*4%'*"0-'*4%*504%*0,*4d%-=&,"(*'%&$6"(*f*4)'#]"%&*96*j*]%"4&)%*=%&=)(,%99%*k
4%'*]%"'*4%*9d0,(&%H-0"4%S
7,(&%*=#'(%*%g=90&6>9%*D*9d6,(%,&*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*4)-6'?,%,&*?,#*53%&53%*f*'6$0#&*5%
?,d#9*/*6*4%&&#.&%*9%'*-0('*q*-0('*j*?,#*4#''#-,9%"(*6,(6"(*?,d#9*&)$.9%"(*kE*=0,&*&%=&%"4&%*9%'
@Q@
(%&-%'*4%*I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%& c*#5#E*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*9d6,(%,&*E*4#(H%99%E*4%*j*4)-6'?,%&*9d30--%E
4%*9,#*%"9%$%&*'6*56&6=65%*4%*=&l(HfH=0&(%&E*4d#4)%'*=&)50"b,%'E*4d6550,(,-6"5%*$%&>69%
40"(*4%'*'#.59%'*4%*4#'50,&'*9d0"(*&%$l(,*kE*0=)&6(#0"*"%*'d%FF%5(,6"(*=6'*'6"'*$#09%"5%*q
5d%'(*6#"'#*?,d0"*=0,&&6*9#&%*46"'*4&'H989:90#&'(56().?&:&*+*["0,$%99%*%4SE*==S*XQHXW^*D
@Q@
**I6&#0"*B3)"%(#%&E*j*+%*&#&%*4%*9d6(%96"%*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*=S*1AXS
11X
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
Masques vilains aux traits percés, vilains masques sans nez, masques mangés,
adieu dites adieu à vos sempiternelles rexécutions du bal […] ! Fausses traces,
raccourcis rapidasses, faux pieds, messagers faux, palmés cartons, troncs
peints, bals faux et pieds des eaux, immédiatement, immédiatement mourez ! Et
vous, véritables faces, tremblez : les temps sont arrivés de vous lire au visage.
Voyez mon doigt boiteux déjà se pointe vers vos nez !
B%(*#"()&l(*=0,&*9%'*-0('*["0-'*"0(6--%"(^*%(*=0,&*9%'*-6'?,%'*['6"'*0,>9#%&*(0,'*5%'
-0('H-6'?,%'*40"(*#9*50"$#%"(*4%*'%*-)F#%&^*=%&4,&%*C,'?,%*46"'*4.'K*G8&*=,#'?,d,"*4%'
=%&'0""6]%'* =&#"5#=6,g* 4%*96*=#.5%*'d6==%99%* Z&%]09#E* 30--%* -6'?,)* =6&* %g5%99%"5%* %(
$056(#0"S*K"F#"E*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*9d0-"#=&)'%"5%*4%*96*F6,''%*(l(%*4%*O6"#%9*_"/n*[4)Cf
,(#9#')%*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*%(*4.'K*G8&*-6#'*F0"5(#0""6"(*#5#*50--%*,"*$)&#(6>9%*-6'?,%
-0&(,6#&%^*=%&-%((&6*4%*&%"4&%*,"*536-6"#?,%*30--6]%*f*9d65(%,&*(&0=*(s(*4#'=6&,S
OKOKUK&L%1Q&%/&(#1-&0%/)%K&f#&_%#&$%&,#+4/.'-%4<')%&^&-%&/%'X*'M."+X&<(%]&V.H%-.+>
7,*C%,*4,*=%&F0&-6(#FE*N6>%96#'*"d)(6#(*=6'*,"*-6"530(*['#*9d0"*=%,(*4#&%^*%(*M0$6&#"6*'%
=&)'%"(%*50--%*,"*)9.$%*40,)*["0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^S*8#]"690"'*=0,&*9d#"'(6"(*9%'*F0&-%'
?,%*=%,(*=&%"4&%*96*=6&09%*=%&F0&-6(#$%*&6>%96#'#%""%t
7==9#?,)%*6,*j*]0,'#%&*kE*9%*(&0"b0"*4%*=3&6'%*j**?,%*]&6"4*(,*6'*k*%'(*f*9d0&#]#"%*4,
"0-*4%*P6&]6"(,6*D*j*|9d}0/6"(E*9%'*6''#'(6"('*4#&%"(*?,%*$&6#-%"(*#9*4%$6#(*6$0#&*=6&*5%*9%*"0@Q1
P6&]6"(,6E*=,#'*?,%*(%99%*6$6#(*)()*96*=&%-#.&%*=6&09%*4%*'0"*=.&%*f*'6*"6#''6"5%*k c*6,(&%'
%g%-=9%'*D*9%'*-0('H53p(6#]"%'*4%*96*F#"*4,*T#.)7':$;)&*[?,#E*j*90&'*?,%*'d%'596((%"(*k*F0"(*j*4%
=60,&*(&%''6#99#&*k^*%(*6,(&%'*j*=6&099%'*>#%"*=#5?,6"(%'*kE*j*'6"]96"(%'*kE*j*30&&#F#5?,%'*k
@QQ
0,*j*-69*=96#'6"(%'*f*$%0#&*k *0"*$%&&6*?,%*5%'*(&0,>96"(%'*-)(6=30&%'*?,#*&%"4%"(*9%'
-0('*50"5&%('*0"(*9%,&*)?,#$69%"(*53%u*M0$6&#"6t
K&s#%?&\+.?&a%.#<%&%"&C+.:$%
O6"'' V.)0.87#.E* 5%* 4%&"#%&* $6* C,'?,df* >6=(#'%&* ,"%* &)]#0"E* 96* =3&6'%* j* G%* (&0,$%* >%6,
5%S* k* [?,#* =0,&* "0,'E* 9%5(%,&'* 65(,%9'E* &%''%->9%* f* ,"* 6"6"(6=040(0"^* )(6"(* f* 9d0&#]#"%
4%*96*:%6,5%*50--%*%"*()-0#]"%*5%*50--%"(6#&%*4)F#"#(#F*D*j*O0"(*F,(*4%=,#'*6==%9)*5%
@QW
=6/'*96*:%6,5%*k *B%'*C%,g*4%*-0('*9#)'*f*96*])0]&6=3#%*'%*&%(&0,$%"(*53%u*M0$6&#"6S
O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*=6&*%g%-=9%E*0"*&%(&6$6#99%*=30")(#?,%-%"(*j*N%#-'*kE*?,#*4%$#%"(
j*N#"5%*kS*O6"'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*0"*6==9#?,%*9%*=&05)4)*4%*96*-l-%*-l-%&#%*=0,&
=6&9%&*4%*20,90,'%*?,#*4%$#%"(*j*P&6"4%*20,90,'%*96*2090u69%*kE*96*j*56=#(69%*4%'*(090'%&#%'
055#4%"(69%'*k*[=S*1U^S
7,(&%* %g%-=9%E* =9,'* =&053%* 4,* j* G%* (&0,$%* >%6,* 5%* k* &6>%96#'#%"* D* 9%* 56'* 4%
j*P0,9.-%*kE*$#99%*5&)%*f*=6&(#&*4**j*7"]0,9l-%*k*q*f*-0#"'*?,%*P0,9.-%*"d%g#'(%*4)CfS*M0"
50"(%"(*4d6$0#&*6-=,()*j*7"]0,9l-%*kE*#9*#"$%"(%*=0,&*5%((%*$#99%*,"*4#5(0"H'90]6"*F0&(*=%,
F96((%,&*%(*%"50&%*-0#"'*$%"4%,&*D*j*7"]0,9l-%*(0,(*%"*>9l-%*kS*R9*/*6*%"50&%*D*j*9%*`%&40"E
&#%"*6,*F0"4*m*kS*O6"'*9%*-l-%*&%]#'(&%*50-#50H4)=&#-6"(*?,d,"*B)9#"%*[5FS*M0#&5%,&H',&
96*+/'^*$0#&%*Z&6"?,#"*[5FS*I053%'H9%'*P&6"4'*B96=#%&'Ê*#9*#"$%"(%&6*)]69%-%"(*96*$#99%*4d
j*75(#0"H9%'*<9p(&%'*k*[GS8SE*=S*@TWÊ*0o*9%*j*5#%9*>6'*%(*90,&4*k*'%->9%*j*|=%'%&}*50--%*,"
@Q1
@QQ
**N6>%96#'E*V.)0.87#.E*B36=#(&%*`RE*+%*+#$&%*4%*<053%E*:#>9#0(3.?,%*596''#?,%E*<6&#'E*@VVWE*=S*@1VS
**N6>%96#'E*T#.)7':$;)&E*Z09#0H596''#?,%E*86#"(*7-6"4E*@VVLE*=S*WVXS
@QW
**N6>%96#'E*V.)0.87#.E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@VVS
11T
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
50,$%&59%*k*%(*96*j*&,%*+#-65%*k*%"F#"*[GS8SE*=S*QV^*0o*(0,(*'%->9%*F0"5(#0""%&*6,*&69%"(#
50--%*46"'*4.'%&)?.8&8*&'(&':.'?I?9$)&*4%*869$640&*O69#S
a,6"(* f* j* J,%* k* %(* f* j* O#6* kE* 0"* %"* F%&6* [$8* OS7S^* 4%'* $#99%'* f* =6&(* %"(#.&%* q
$(&?* =0,&* 96* $#99%* 4%* `#6"4%E* 40"(* 0"* =0,&&6* 5&0#'%&* 9%* -6#&%S* 7* 9d#-6]%* 4,* (&6#(%-%"(
4%* 5%&(6#"'* =6(&0"/-%'* [+0,#'* 4%* Z,".'E* %(5SÊ* #9* 'd6]#(* 9f* 4%* $)&#(6>9%'* )&.(SH?.(&* D
0"* =&%"4* 4%'* "0-'* 50--,"'* %(* 0"* 4)5&.(%* ?,d#9'* 4)'#]"%"(* 4%'* 9#%,g* q* =6&F0#'* -l-%E
0"* =6&(#&6* 4%* "0-'* =&0=&%'* 50--%* =0,&* 96* $#99%* 4%* :&056* [8SE* =S* @L^S* O6"'* 9%'* =#.5%'
9%'* =9,'* &)5%"(%'* )(,4#)%'* #5#E* #9* /* 6* 4d6,(&%'* 56'* 4%* "0-'* 4%* 9#%,g* #"$%"()'* 50--%
j* P0,&]%6"$#99%* k* [;SRSE* =S* QU^* ?,#* &%''%->9%* $6],%-%"(* f* j* ]0,&]6"4#"%* k* 0,* %"50&%
j*2&#=6")'(6,$#99%H$)90'#5&,>"#6&u65*k*[;SNSE*=S*QUÊ*-0(*'%->96"(*50"(%"#&*=l9%H-l9%*(&#=%'E
(&)=6"6(#0"E*&%'(6,E*)(6,E*$)90E*+6&u65*%(*5&,5#$%&>#%*[(0,(*,"*=&0]&6--%*m^S*<0,&*9%'*j*R9%'
N6"]%64)>96$6&4)]964#"%'*k*)$0?,)%'*6,*4)>,(*4%*4538"#$I7#(&E*%99%'*'%->9%"(*(0,(*4&0#(
'0&(#%'*4,*T#.)7':$;)&*0,*4,*>$8"#$G?&*q*$(&?*=0,&*96*j*-%&*I)4#(%&&6"#"%*k*%(*j*9dw9%*4%
2&0,*J,(#"*k*[OS`SE*=S*TA^S*;"*=6&9%&6*%"50&%*4%*(0=0"/-#%*46"'*96*=6&(#%*',&*96*-0&(*-6#'*%"
],#'%*4%*-#'%*%"*>0,53%E*"0(0"'*#5#*j*86&50=3#65*k*%(*j*B6$%6,H<96]%*k*[(0,(*%"*&6==%96"(
?,d#9*/*6*)]69%-%"(*4%'*56'*4%*(0=0"/-#%*6&]0(#?,%E*50--%*46"'*j**:#>#H9%'HI0,9#"%6,g*k^S
K&\%&=*-+:&N.+--.'$&b&a#'%.#4/'+>*::+%'
7,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*-%((&%*%"*&%]6&4*9%'*C%,g*4%*N6>%96#'*%(*5%,g*4%*M0$6&#"6E*5%*4%&"#%&
'%->96"(*9#(()&69%-%"(*=&%"4&%*9%*&%96#'*4%*9d6,(%,&*4%*V.)0.87#.*D*5%9,#H5#*"0,'*#"$#(%*%"*%FF%(
f*C0,%&*j*f*96*56&(%*$#&64%E*f*?,#*F6#(*9d,"*F6#(*9d6,(&%E*6,g*(6>9%'*&6>6((,%'E*6,*>0,&&/*>0,&&/
u0,E*f*59#"%*-,'%((%E*f*50530""%(*$6*4%$6"(E*f*96*50,#99%*4%*>)9#%&E*f*F#],%'*4%*I6&'%#99%E
f*=#"5%*-0&#99%E*6,*"#5*4%*96*>0"4&)%E*f*=#99%-0,(6&4%E*f*5&0?,%(%'(%*k*(6"4#'*?,%*46"'*F&
/#$/E*0"*C0,%&6*j*f*>,&%6,*=&#'0""#%&*k*[=SVVÊ*j*f*C,53%H5&0?,%(*k*[=S*TAÊ*j*f*536=%6,H
=&#'0""#%&E*f*3#$%&H&%$#%"(H9d)()E*f*G%6"H:%&"6&4E*f*53%&53%H96-=#0"E*f*96*50,9%-%99%E*f*96
$6&46''%E*f*'0&'H(6H"#53%E*f*569#>,H569#>,*kS*O6"'*N9#/*"#$*+.=$7&O':&*7&?%/E*0"*6,&6*9%
56'*4d,"*C%,*9#(()&69%-%"(*4)(&s")*=6&*,"*6,(&%*D*j*0"*"%*C0,%*=9,'*f*C%6"H?,#H50,#""%*-6#'
6,*C03"H>0&"*k*[=S*UAÊ*5%*4%&"#%&*-0(*&%''%->96"(*f*eC6->0"e*[j*C%6"H?,#H50,#""%*k*)(6"(
=%,(Hl(&%*,"*50530"*?,%*9d0"*6*)]0&])*=0,&*%"*F6#&%*,"*C6->0"^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#*%"F#"E
5d%'(*6,*j*=0?,%((%H=0?,%((%*k*?,%*9d0"*'d6FF&0"(%&6*D*46"'*5%*4%&"#%&*56'E*9d%"C%,*4,*C%,
'%&6*=09#(#?,%*%(*5&,5#69E*?,0#?,%*-0#"'*50'-#?,%-%"(*4)5#'#F*?,%*5%9,#*4%*96*=6&(#%*4%*4)'
4,*H.+.=.).7+.S
@QX
a,6"(*f*B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*%99%*4#(*$0#&*,"%*j*=6&(#%*4%*5653%H5653%*]&0(%'?,%*k *46"'
5%*=6''6]%*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*Q@Q^*D*j*+dl(&%*=6&6#''6#(*?,6"4*C%*4#'=6&6#''6#'
@QT
%(*O#%,*=6&96#(*536?,%*F0#'*?,%*C%*-%*(6#'6#'*kS*O6"'*9%*-l-%*0,$&6]% *[6996"(*=%,(Hl(&%
',&*9%*(%&&6#"*4%*96*(3)090]#%*")]6(#$%Ê*%99%*50--%"(%*D*j*7$%5*O#%,E*#9*F6,(*'%*&)'0,4&%*f
C0,%&*f*?,#*=%&4*]6]"%*kS
K"* '0--%* %(* 50--%* 0"* 9%* $%&&6* =9,'* (6&4* %"* 5%* ?,#* 50"5%&"%* 96* "0,&&#(,&%E
M0$6&#"6*[=&05)46"(*,"*=%,*50--%*7"4&)*Z&)4)&#?,%^*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*=9,'*46"'*9d#-6]#"6#&%
?,%* N6>%96#'* ?,#E* 9,#E* &%5%"'%* )]69%-%"(* 4%'* C%,g* %g#'(6"('* %(* 40"(* 5%&(6#"'* [B09#"
I6#996&4*"0(6--%"(^*0"(*(&6$%&')*9%'*'#.59%'*[N0,>6,4*&%(%"6"(*9,#E*46"'*,"%*)9)]#%*4%*‹E*9%
C%,*4%*=#'H?,%HF%"4&%^S*<0,&(6"(*#5#*%(*50--%*53%u*N6>%96#'*[0"*=%"'%*6,*C%,*4%*=6,-%Ê
9%*C%,*"d%"*%'(*=6'*,"*%(*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*5%*?,#*F6#(*)5&#&%*f*I6&#%HG0')*I0"4u6#"*4)5&#$6"(
@QX
@QT
**B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'4.'*9?I($&'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*1QTS
**3=$(E*=S*1WVS
11U
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
96*@$;$8&'>9?I($&*"0$6&#"#%""%**D*j*+%*-0"4%*%'(*,"%*50,&*4%*&)5&)6(#0"*0o*9%*&%F&6#"*%(
@QU
96*-6&%99%*-."%"(*6,*<6&64#'*%(*f*9dK"F%&*kS
OKRK&?/&/#19%*1&(=:%&'PE:#:E%&"#5231%
OKRKOK&F19)%X5#/'%&%(&*)(&(#(*$
K&d:&'%X#>&<.")Q*'+,#%&$W#:%&%>"()"+,#%&$#&X'.QM%:"
+%'*&0-6"'*4%*N6>%96#'*'%*=&)'%"(%"(*50--%*4%*$)&#(6>9%*)=0=)%'*50-#?,%'*[',&(0,(*=0,&
9%*T#.)7'4$;)&*?,#*=%,(*'%*9#&%*%"*=6&(#%*50--%*,"%*=6&04#%*4dJ(S//I&^S*;&E*5%((%*4#-%"'#0"
)=#?,%* 56&65()&#'%* )]69%-%"(* 96* 9#(()&6(,&%* 4%* M0$6&#"6* D* #9* /* 6* 4,* '0,FF9%E* %(* 50--%* ,"
$%"(*4d6$%"(,&%['Ê*46"'*5%((%*-#'%*%"*'5."%*4,*96"]6]%*D*0"*=0,&&6#(*-l-%*6FF#&-%&*?,%
4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*'0"(*4%'*)=0=)%'*&6>%96#'#%""%'E*50-#?,%'
%(*%"9%$)%'S*7$%5*6$::&#)/E*I#536,g*[%(*9%'*6-6(%,&'*4d)=0=)%'*=0,&&0"(*9%*9,#*&%=&053%&^
6$6#(*%"*-6#"'*96*-6(#.&%*4d,"%*)=0=)%*c*#9*6,&6#(*=,*&%F6#&%*P,99#$%&E*=&0=0'%&*,"%*'0&(%*4%
&0-6"*4d3%&0#5*F6"(6'/*q*0,*)5&#&%*,"%*=#.5%*f*96*M0$6&#"6S*;&E*?,#((%*f*=6&6w(&%*=6&640g69E
6FF#&-0"'* ?,%* "0(&%* 4&6-6(,&]%* [=9,'* &6>%96#'#%"* ?,%* I#536,g* 4%* 5%* =0#"(* 4%* $,%^* 5&0#(
%"50&%*6,*&0-6"E*9,#*?,#E*6$%5*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&B'4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*%(*4.'4#77&'(&/
?9)7/*[$0#&%*4&'<.=$:'(&/'*:.//&/'(.80&)&#/&/Ê*6*-l-%*)5&#(*4%*$)&#(6>9%'*)=0=)%'*6,
F0"4*(&.'*50-=6&6>9%'*6,*T#.)7':$;)&S
O%* '0"* 5s()E* N6>%96#'* 6$6#(* 4d6#99%,&'* 4%'* ?,69#()'* 4%* 4&6-6(,&]%* D* 96* =&%-#.&%
6==6&#(#0"*4%*<6",&]%*[%(*'0"*F%,*4d6&(#F#5%*4%*96"],%'*46"'*9%*-.87.0)#&:Ê*9%'*],%&&%'*%"
])")&69E*9%'*50->6('E*9%'*F%'(#"'E*9%'*3)'#(6(#0"'*4%*<6",&]%*46"'*9%*L$&)/':$;)&E*96*F&6/%,&
50-#?,%*4%*5%*4%&"#%&*=%"46"(*96*(%-=l(%E*96*'5."%*4%'*-0,(0"'*D*(0,(*5%96*&%9.$%*4%*96
F6&5%S*G%6"H+0,#'*:6&&6,9(*%(*9%'*"0$6&#"#%"'*:,53$694\I%&9#"\<6550,4\_"/n*q*?,#E*=6&*,"
@QL
36'6&4*=9,'*?,d0>C%5(#F *q*=&0=0'.&%"(*,"%*$%&'#0"*=0,&*96*'5."%*C,'(%*6=&.'*96*(0,&")%
4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*9d0"(*50-=&#'*D*#9*/*6*596#&%-%"(*9f*-6(#.&%*f*(3)p(&%S*O6"'*9%'*&0-6"'
&6>%96#'#%"'E*#9*/*6*-l-%E*4%*F6#(E*>%6,50,=*4%*4#690],%'*(0,(*=&l('E*4%'*4#'=0'#(#F'*=0,$6"(
F6#&%* (3)p(&%* [9#'(%'E* %FF%('* 4%* &)=)(#(#0"E* 4d655,-,96(#0"E* ]6]'E* C%,g* 4d699,'#0"'E* 4%* -0('E
%(5S^*%(*','5#(%&*9%*&#&%S
<0,&*-#%,g*"0,'*50"$6#"5&%*4%*5%((%*=6&%"()*%"(&%*5%'*&0-6"'*%(*9%*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"E
@QV
9#'0"'*5%*(%g(%*4%*=&)'%"(6(#0" *4%*96*-#'%*%"*'5."%*4%*B96,4%*:,53$694*D
Quel appétit pantagruélique que celui de Claude Buchvald ! A l’incitation du
comédien Daniel Znyk et depuis de longs mois, elle œuvre à une traversée des
cinq livres de Rabelais ! Ensemble, ces dernières années, ils avaient voyagé
en « Novarinie » […]. Autant d’échappées funambules dans la langue du poète.
Après Novarina, il devenait logique d’en venir à la source […]. L’épopée de
Gargantua reprend sa route comme depuis l’an1532 les mots n’avaient cessé
d’aller leur chemin, à notre rencontre, ici dans ce monde sauvage et inquiétant :
« Brûlez, tenaillez, cizaillez, noyez, pendez, empallez, espaultrz, démembrez,
exentrez… » Il faut avancer par bonds, bribes, guerres, turbulences, avec des
haltes en pays farcesques, là où le rire nous secoue en tempête. De la naissance
à l’ultime voyage, sur la frêle et splendide embarcation du théâtre, nous irons
@QU
**I6&#%HG0')*I0"4u6#"E*j*eI0&(*f*96*I0&(e*m*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*Q1TS
**Q.=&:.$/*v'H9)(&0)$%%$%$97.=$)9E)&:#*+.?=#)&:#*9"#&:#)$87$?%.8&?&8/*)(6#(*9%*(#(&%*4%*9%,&*'=%5(659%S
@QV
**:&053,&%*2SMS2SE*86#'0"*AQHAWS
@QL
11L
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
d’énigmes en prophéties avec pour seule boussole la plus belle langue du
monde […]. Pour fêter la langue dans cette drôle d’Odyssée, Claude Buchvald
a fait appel au compositeur Christian Paccoud. « Le son appelle l’espace, le
son fait sens et génère le jeu. Voix, son, instruments s’entrechoquent et créent
l’événement polyphonique […] Tout est nourriture pour nos acteurs-chanteurs et
musiciens. » A table !
7*'0"*(0,&*%(*f*'6*-6"#.&%E*M0$6&#"6*&%"4*(0,'*9%'*59#$6]%'*[(3)p(&%\&0-6"E*"0(6--%"(*-6#'
%"50&%*0=)&6\0=)&%((%\0=)&6*>0,FF%E* %(5S^* 50-=9.(%-%"(* =0&%,g* %(* =6&F6#(%-%"(* 564,5'* D
=0,&*9,#E*?,#*%'(*4%*',&5&0w(*=,>9#)*%"*<0)'#%\P699#-6&4*%(*?,#*)5&#(*=6&*6#99%,&'*4%'*(%g(%'
&%9%$6"(* 4%* 9d%''6#E* (0,(* 5%96* '%->9%* "%* =6'* $0,90#&* 4#&%* ]&6"4* 530'%* c* 53%&53%&6#(H#9* f
=&0=0'%&E* 9%'* -,'%'* 6#-6"(* 9%'* 536"('* 4#$%&'E* ,"* "0,$%6,* ]%"&%* 9#(()&6#&%* f* =6&(#&* 4%'
?,6(&%*]&6"4'*]%"&%'*%"*=&)'%"5%*%(*%"*'d#"'=#&6"(*4d,"%*-,9(#(,4%*[5FS*5#&?,%E*46"'%E*'=0&(E
-6&#0""%((%E*5#")-6*>,&9%'?,%E*%(5S^*4%*F0&-%'*4d%g=&%''#0"*4#FF)&%"(%'*h
B%* ?,#* %'(* 5%&(6#"E* 5d%'(* ?,%* -l-%* '#* 9d0"* 50"'#4.&%* 4%'* =#.5%'* =9,'* 50,&(%'E* #9* /* 6
53%u*9,#*&%F,'*4d,"%*%'(3)(#?,%*4,*F&6]-%"(S*R9*F6,(*?,%*5%96*'%*4)=90#%*&6>%96#'#%""%-%"(S
<6'* ?,%'(#0"* =0,&* 9,#* 4%* &%'(%&* 46"'* 4%'* F0&-%'* 50,&(%'S* 4&/' @$.=:90#&/* 4%* O,>#996&4E
9%'*'n%(53%'*4%*N6/-0"4*O%$0'*%(*9%'*=0.-%'*5056''%'*4%*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"*'0"(
=0,&(6"(*50-=6&6>9%'*%"*=6&(#%*[5FS*6>',&4%E*C%,*6$%5*9%*$#4%E*#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%E*4)&#'#0"E
#-6]#"6(#0"E* =6&04#%E* %(5S^* 6,* (&6$6#9* 4,* 4&6-6(,&]%* c* 4%* -l-%E* W8' ?97' %9#)' #8' .#7)&
4%*26&4#%,*&%''%->9%*>%6,50,=*f*5%&(6#"'*=6''6]%'*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*0,*4%*4.'4#77&
(&/'?9)7/E*-6#'*5%96*&%'(%*,"%*'6/".(%*(&.'*&),''#%*(6"4#'*?,%*9%'*4%,g*=#.5%'*5#()%'*0"(
596#&%-%"(*f*$0#&*6$%5*9%*]%"&%*)=#?,%*q*%(*"0,'*6990"'*%''6/%&*4d#99,'(&%&*"0(&%*=&0=0'*%"
=6&96"(*=0,&*50--%"5%&*4%*96*]%'(%*&6>%96#'#%""%*4%*B96,4%*:,53$694S
K&V()"*'+,#%&%"&$'.M."#'Q+%&^&-%&"'.A.+-&$%&=-.#$%&a#<(A.-$
K"*=9,'*4%*(&0,>96"(%'*6"690]#%'*F0&-%99%'*[5FS*<6",&]%*\*<6"-,=39%*\*<6"(,&]%Ê*>%6,50,=
4%* 50&&%'=0"46"5%'* 46"'* 9d%'=&#(* =0,&&6#%"(* %"50&%* l(&%* =0#"()%'* c* 5d%'(* 5%* ?,%* B96,4%
:,53$694*50"F#&-%&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*D*j*Gd6$6#'*4)Cf*(&6$6#99)*',&*N6>%96#'*6$6"(*4%*&%"50"(&%&
M0$6&#"6S*+d,"*&%"$0#%*f*9d6,(&%*F0&5)-%"(S*Bd%'(*(&.'*9#)E*50--%*%'(*(&.'*9#)*)]69%-%"(*6$%5
5%'*4%,g*6,(%,&'E*G6&&/*?,%*Cd6#*-0"()*6,*50"'%&$6(0#&%*k*4#(H%99%*46"'*96*=&)'%"(6(#0"*4%
96*=#.5%*F#],&6"(*',&*96*>&053,&%*4,*2SMS2S*4)Cf*5#()S
O6"'* 9%* -l-%* 405,-%"(E* %99%* =6&9%* 4%* N6>%96#'* %"* 4%'* (%&-%'* [5FS* j* 96"],%
]%&-#"6(#$%*kE*j*96"],%*#"'09%"(%*50--%*(0,(%'*9%'*96"],%'*4%*=0.(%E*6$%5*'6*50"'(&,5(#0"
(&.'*=6&(#5,9#.&%E*'%'*&%(0,&"%-%"('*4%*=%"')%E*'%'*50?'*f*9dp"%*kE*j*96"],%*'6$6"(%*|t}
-6#'*6,''#*=0=,96#&%*kE*j*96"],%*'0"0&%E*'%"',%99%*?,#*)-%(*4%'*=%"')%'*$#09%"(%'*k^*?,#
=0,&&6#%"(*'d6==9#?,%&*f*M0$6&#"6*(0,(*%"*#"'#'(6"(*',&*9d#-=0&(6"5%*%g(&l-%*?,d%99%*6550&4%
f*96*-,'#?,%*D
Tout naît d’oreille […]. Il n’y a pas une scène qui ne soit traversée par un
traitement musical particulier : cliquetis des mots, rythmes, phonèmes,
prosopopée, mélopée, poème, rondeau, énumérations, cantique, psaume, « opéra
verbal »… […]. Toutes sortes d’instruments de musique font partie intégrante du
jeu. Ils créent à eux seuls des armées entières ou le tohu-bohu des éléments en
fureur.
M0(0"'*f*"0(&%*(0,&*?,%*9d,(#9#'6(#0"*4d,"*)(&6"]%*F0,%(*-,'#569*6C0,(6*f*96*&%=&)'%"(6(#0"
,"%*"0(%*4%*'5#%"5%HF#5(#0"*?,d0"*6,&6*=,*(&0,$%&*(0,(*f*F6#(*"0$6&#"#%""%S*O%*-l-%E*46"'
96*'5."%*4&s9#''#-%*0o*O6"#%9*_"/n*'%*50#FF%*4%*9#$&%'E*#9*"0,'*6*'%->9)*?,%*'6*-6"#.&%*4%
11V
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
C0,%&*"d)(6#(*=6'*'6"'*)$0?,%&*"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(*9%'*>6>#9'*4%*9d%"F6"5%*c*f*(&6$%&'*9%*C%,
4%*9d65(%,&*=%&5%*%"*%FF%(*9d#4)%*?,%*'#*9%*9#$&%*[6,(&%*=&0=&%*4%*9d30--%^*%'(*'65&)E*5%96*"%
'6,&6#(*%g59,&%*9%*&#&%*%(*9d3,-0,&*H*96*5#>9%*$#')%*)(6"(*'6"'*40,(%*#5#E*%"*F#9#]&6"%E*96*F6,''%
6,'()&#()*4%'*$#96#"'*405(%,&'*%(*9d%'>&0,F%*#--0&69%*4%'*=&)5,&'%,&'*4%*:0,50(S*B%((%*$#'#0"
9,4#?,%*%(*%"(30,'#6'(%*\*%"(30,'#6'-6"(%*4,*9#$&%*%(*4%*96*5,9(,&%*"d%'(*=6'*5%99%*4%*9dp"%
'0&>0""#509*?,#*"%*'d%->699%E*"%*'d%g5#(%*%(*"%*>&6#%*?,%*=0,&*'#]"69%&*9%'*%&&%,&'*F0&-%99%'
%(*9%'*(0,&",&%'*96(#"%'*#"50&&%5(%'*D*0"*50-=&%"4*?,%*96*50-=6]"#%*4%*<6",&]%*[%"*(6"(
?,d6"5l(&%*4%*856=#"^*'0#(*C,])%*=9,'*6]&)6>9%E*9,#*40"(*9%*=09/9#"],#'-%E*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*>0"
%"F6"(*%(*#"'09%"(E*6""0"5%*9%'*=9,&#90?,#%'*")0H>6>)9#%""%'*4,*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"S
+6* -#'%* %"* '5."%* 4%* B96,4%* :,53$694* F6#(* >#%"* 50-=&%"4&%* ?,%* 96* &%"50"(&%* %"(&%
<6"(6]&,%9*%(*9,#E*e+6*&%"50"(&%eE*)(6#(*#")$#(6>9%*[$0#&%*4)'#&6>9%E*'69$6(&#5%*%(*50-#?,%-%"(
'65&)%^*%(*&%"4*C,'(#5%*f*5%*?,#*&%'(%*96*=9,'*>%99%*%(*96*=9,'*4,&6>9%*4%'*3#'(0#&%'*4d6-#(#)E
"d%"*4)=96#'%*f*I0"(6#]"%*%(*f*+6*:0)(#%S
K&7()-DM%&%"&-%&dM*:$%
`0#9f*5%*?,d#9*F6996#(*4)-0"(&%&*%(*?,%*B96,4%*:,53$694*4)-0"(&%*f*(&6$%&'*'6*-#'%*%"*'5."%*D
,"%*6''05#6(#0"E*5%&(%'*F&6]#9%*%(*.'%)$9)$*#-=&0>6>9%E*)(6#(*40"5*=0''#>9%*%(*9dr,$&%*'0""%
=0,&*9%'*P)6"('*[%(*%"*=&%-#%&*9#%,*=0,&*P6&]6"(,646-Ê*9d3%,&%*4%*96*F#"*4%*96*'09#(,4%*%(*4%'
%"F6"5%'\%&&6"5%'E*<6",&]%*[69#6'*B96,4%*I%&9#"^*#"56&"6"(*f*9,#*'%,9*5%*?,#*-6"?,6#(*6,
-0"4%*=0,&*l(&%*50-=9%(*[,"%*5%&(6#"%*'0,=9%''%E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-69#5%E*,"*5%&(6#"*'0,&#&%E
,"%*5%&(6#"%*F&6]#9#()E*,"*5%&(6#"*40"*=0,&*9%*5360'*%(*9%*4)')?,#9#>&%E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*#"?,#)(,4%
=3#90'0=3#?,%E*,"*5%&(6#"*'5%=(#5#'-%E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*&)F9%g#$#()E*,"%*5%&(6#"%*50-=9%g#()^*D*#9
%'(*9%*j*>0,FF0"*")5%''6#&%*kE*50--%*4#(*Z&6"b0#'*:0"S
R5#E* 0"* &)69#'%* ?,%* '#* M0$6&#"6* F6#(* &6>%96#'#%""%-%"(* 50"F#6"5%* f* 96* =6&09%* %(* 6,g
96"],%'E*#9*5&0#(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%(#(*=%,*-0#"'*6,g*'%"(#-%"('*3,-6#"'E*6,*&6==&053%-%"(
%"(&%*9%'*l(&%'*%(*f*96*50--,"#0"*4%'*p-%'*?,df*96*=0''#>#9#()*4d,"*'#-=9%*&6==&053%-%"(
4%'*$#6"4%'*[3#'(0#&%*?,%*96*=%&'#'(6"5%*4%'*$#6"4%'*%(*4,*$#6"46(E*50"(#",%*'0"*e=%&'#'(6(e^*c
>&%FE*#9*"0,'*=6&6w(*>%6,50,=*-0#"'*,(0=#'(%*?,%*N6>%96#'*D*23)9.-%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*!-0"4%S
B3%u* 9d6,(%,&* 4,* T#.)7' :$;)&* q* 0"* 'd%"* &%"4* >#%"* 50-=(%* 46"'* 96* -#'%* %"* '5."%* 4%
B96,4%*:,53$694*qE*9d#4)%*4%*F6-#99%*%(*4%*'09#46&#()*[%"*F65%*4%*96*],%&&%E*4%*96*(%-=l(%E*4%'
-0"'(&%'*-6&#"'*%(*4%*96*-0&(^*%'(*6,''#*>%6,50,=*=9,'*=&)'%"(%*?,%*53%u*M0$6&#"6*=0,&
?,#*9d30--%*%'(*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*",[\,"^*%(*'%,9E*6,(6"(*?,%*G0>*0,*N0>#"'0"*c*4d6#99%,&'E
96* '%,9%* $&6#%* (%"(6(#$%* 4d,"#0"* 4%'* '09#(,4%'* =0,&* F6#&%* 96* F0&5%* %(* 9%* 50,=* 4%* =0#"]
)530,%*96-%"(6>9%-%"(*46"'*4567&:$&)';9:.87*50--%*,"%*-#'%*%"*6>w-%*4%*9d)53%5*4%'
#4)090]#%'*50"(%-=0&6#"%'*c*?,6"(*6,*>#96"*4dK$646-E*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&
[0,*4%'*=#.5%'*%"50&%*=9,'*&)5%"(%'Ê*#9*%'(*90#"*4dl(&%*'6(#'F6#'6"(S*;&E*N6>%96#'*"0,'*=6&6w(
9)].&%-%"(*-0#"'*")]6(#F*%(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*50"F#6"(*46"'*9d30--%*%(*46"'*96*'05#)()*[-6#'
#9*%'(*$&6#*?,%*4%*9d%6,*6*50,9)*'0,'*9%'*=0"('*%(*?,d#9*"%*=0,$6#(*=6'*=&)$0#&*J#&0'3#-6*%(*96
8306^S*B%96*4#(E*#9*/*6*4%'*u0"%'*4d0->&%*46"'*9d,(0=#%*&6>%96#'#%""%E*=%,(Hl(&%*5&#(#?,6>9%*=6&
5%&(6#"'*6'=%5('*D*Z&6"b0#'*:0"*6FF#&-%*-l-%*?,%*<6",&]%E*(&0=*-0,$6"(E*(&0=*#-=&)$#'#>9%E
=6'*6''%u*eF0&-6()eE*"d/*6,&6#(*=6'*'6*=965%S
:&%F*%(*%"*=6''6"(*',&*96*5&#(#?,%*50-#?,%*4%'*C6&]0"'*6>'50"'*4%*96*53#56"%*%(*4,
>6&&%6,E*5d%'(*',&(0,(*46"'*96*$%#"%*=6&04#?,%*?,%*&%'(%"(*=0''#>9%'*4%'*&6==&053%-%"('*c
46"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E*0"*&#&6*%"*%FF%(*f*=6&(#&*4,*'65&)*%(*B96,4%*:,53$694E*46"'*5%*?,d%99%*6
]6&4)E*"d6*=6'*0,>9#)*9%'*#"(%&-#"6>9%'*9#'(%'*])")690]#?,%'*4%*96*:#>9%E*9%*j*]&6"4*50,#990"*k
-6&536"(*',&*9%'*%6,g*[j*50,#990"*k*)(6"(*>#%"*'z&*,"*(%&-%*(&.'*6FF%5(,%,g*=0,&*4)'#]"%&
9%* =%(#(* G)','^* %(* 9%* &6==&053%-%"(* '#]"#F#6"(* j* '%&$#5%* 4%* $#"* k* \* j* '%&$#5%* 4#$#"* k* qH* 9%
j*2&#"53*m*k*F#"69*&)=0"46"(*(&.'*#"(%99#]%--%"(*6,*j*7*>0#&%*m*k*4,*4)>,(*4%*9d646=(6(#0"S
1QA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
a,%*9%'*5#"?*9#$&%'*'0#%"(*=&#'*%"*50-=(%*"0,'*=6&6w(*4d6#99%,&'*9d#4)%*])"#69%*4%*B96,4%
:,53$694* c* 4%* -l-%E* "0,'* 4#(* 96* >&053,&%* 4%* =&)'%"(6(#0"* 4,* 2SMS2SE* j* |F6-#9#.&%}* 4%'
%g=)&#%"5%'*4%*90"],%*369%#"%E*%99%*'d%'(*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*50"'65&)%*4%=,#'*@VVX*f*9dr,$&%
4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*?,d%99%*6*=6&50,&,%*46"'*'6*?,6'#*(0(69#()*(0,(*%"*'#]"6"(*?,6(&%*-#'%'
%"*'5."%*kS*<,#'E*f*96*?,%'(#0"*j*`0(&%*530#g*'d%'(*=0&()*',&*?,%99%*=6&(#%*4%*9dr,$&%*h*k*[5%99%
4%*N6>%96#'E*>#%"*'z&Ê*%99%*&)=0"4*5&p"%-%"(*D*j*K"*F6#(*0"*(&6$%&'%*f*=%,*=&.'*(0,'*9%'
9#$&%'* =0,&* (&65%&* ,"%* $6'(%* )=0=)%S* kS* 7C0,(0"'* %"F#"* ?,%* 5%((%* 6==&053%* =6"0&6-#?,%
$0#&%*53&0"090]#?,%*4%'*r,$&%'*F0"5(#0""%*=0,&*"0,'*50--%*,"%*'0&(%*4d%g%-=9%*f*',#$&%
%(*"0,'*%"50,&6]%*f*?,64&#99%&*96&]%*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*5%99%*4%*M0$6&#"6*D*#9*"0,'*'%->9%
%"*%FF%(*?,%*96*]%'(%*9d#-=0'%S
7*5%,g*?,#*40,(%&6#%"(*%"50&%*4%*96*=%&(#"%"5%*4,*=6&699.9%*)(6>9#E*5#(0"'*%"F#"*Z&6"b0#'
:0"*?,#E*%"*F6"*4%*96*=&%-#.&%*3%,&%E*6FF#&-%*[46"'*r'89/')U;&/'0).8($/'79#7'*)#/']^*D
Claude Buchvald, en traversant Novarina, et magistralement, en nous faisant
rire sur ces échappées funambules d’une grande langue d’aujourd’hui, a sans
doute appris à sa meilleure source, la plus périlleuse, où la littérature pouvait
en appeler au théâtre pour se produire dans sa géante interrogation du monde.
C’était un chemin logique, après Novarina, d’explorer la soute, la machine, la
naissance de langue.
OKRKRK&,PE:#:E%&'P1/%&(#1:2%
M0,'*"%*'0--%'*5%=%"46"(*=6'*%"*=&)'%"5%E*6$%5*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/B'4&'@).?&'(&':.
;$&*0,*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*4d)=0=)%'*596''#?,%'S*20,(*4d6>0&4E*'#*9d0"*%g5%=(%*5%&(6#"%'
=#.5%'*4%*836n%'=%6&%*%(*4%*B96,4%9*$0#&%*9%*(&6$6#9*4d,"*G%6"HB96,4%*B6&&#.&%*%(*4%*<%(%&
:&00n*',&*:&'H.+.=.).7+.E*9d)=#?,%*%'(*6''%u*&6&%-%"(*-0"()\-0"(&)*',&*'5."%S*I6#'*#9*/
6*=%,(Hl(&%*#5#E*C,'(%-%"(E*50--%*,"*&%(0,&*6,g*'0,&5%'E*,"*&%(0,&*6,g*j*=6&09%'*6#9)%'*k
4dJ0-.&%S*B%*4%&"#%&*%'(*4d6#99%,&'*=6&F0#'*=%&b,*50--%*,"*50"(%,&*c*0&E*0"*$%&&6*?,d#9*/*6
6,''#*4,*50"(%,&*53%u*M0$6&#"6*q*%(*=0,&(6"(E*46"'*'0"*56'E*#9*"d/*6*=6'*4d3#'(0#&%*D*$0#9f
(0,(%*9d)(&6"]%()*4%*5%(*)=#?,%*9fS
K"*0,(&%E*,"%*)=0=)%*$6*4%*9d6$6"(*c*#9*/*6*,"*-)56"#'-%E*(0,(*,"*%"536w"%-%"(*4%
'#(,6(#0"'* 4#FF)&%"(%'* ?,#* '%* 4)&0,9%"(* 4%$6"(* "0,'* 6$%5* ,"%* 5%&(6#"%* =&)5#'#0"S* R9* /* 6* 9f
9d#4)%*4d,"%*6$6"5)%E*4d,"*'0,FF9%*$0#&%*4d,"*(6=#'*?,#*'%*4)&0,9%*%(*"0,'*%-=0&(%*6$%5*9,#*c
5d%'(E*'%->9%H(H#9E*9d6$#'*4%*G%6"H+,5*8(%#"-%(u*?,#E*46"'*453?%I).7$E'89?$8.79$)&E*5#(%*,"%
%g=&%''#0"*4%*I#536,g*6996"(*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*'%"'*4%*"0(&%*#4)%*D
Il nous entraîne dans le puissant déroulement des grandes nomenclatures
primordiales ou s’énoncent les différences ; l’unique de chacun papillote
d’éclats phoniques, cependant qu’une vertigineuse continuité, « tapis roulant
en marche » (Michaux), suit son cours, où la mort n’a pas plus de raison d’être
140
qu’une encoche.
7#"'#*40"5E*'#*9%*]%'(%*"0$6&#"#%"*'d6==6&%"(%*f*,"%*]%'(%E*9d)=0=)%*%"*?,%'(#0"*"d6$6"5%
=6'* c* 5d%'(* =9,'* ,"* '#.]%* ?,d,"* $0/6]%S* R5#E* 9d)=0=)%* (0,&"%* f* $#4%S* ;,* 690&'* %"* '=#&69%S
N%50--%"b6"(*(0,C0,&'S*8%*4)=90/6"(*%"*&0'65%['^S*Bd%'(*9d)=0=)%*4d,"%*(0,=#%S
O%*=9,'E*9d#4)%*4%*50"F&0"(6(#0"*6$%5*6,(&,#*$0#&%*4%*],%&&%*%(*4%*50"F9#(*%'(*'0,$%"(*f
9dr,$&%*46"'*9d)=0=)%E*?,%*5%*'0#(*53%u*J0-.&%*0,*53%u*N6>%96#'*c*0&E*5d%'(*%"50&%*9%*56'
53%u*M0$6&#"6*-l-%*'#E*53%u*9,#E*5%*'0"(*=9,(s(*9%'*-0('*%,gH-l-%'*?,#*'%*50"F&0"(%"(*%(
140
&9%.:4L#<&U"%+:M%"]?&@&LW+M/)'."+X&:*M+:."*+'%&B?&P#'*/%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&00F
1Q@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
'd%g=9#?,%"(*%"(&%*%,gS*K"*'0--%E*0"*"%*'6#(*=6'*(&0=*4%*?,0#*=6&9%*9d)=0=)%*"0$6&#"#%""%
-6#'* ,"%* 530'%* %'(* 'z&%* D* #9* /* 6* )=0=)%S* !"%* )=0=)%* '6"'* 3#'(0#&%['^* 5%&(%'E* -6#'* 0,
#9* '%* =6''%* 5%=%"46"(* >%6,50,=* 4%* 530'%'* %"* 5%* ?,%* (0,(* 50--%* 53%u* N6>%96#'E* 5%96
j*]&0,#99%*k*-%&$%#99%,'%-%"(*6,*"#$%6,*4%'*-0('*%(*4,*96"]6]%S*O6"'*5%'*=#.5%'E*96*'%,9%
f*5)4#99%*"0,'*%"536"(%*D*5d%'(*,"*F%'(#$69*)(0,&4#''6"(E*,"*56&"6$69*F6>,9%,g*%(*%"*-0(*D
&6>%96#'#%"S
<0,&(6"(E*9%'*9%5(%,&'*-04%&"%'E*5%,g*4%*I%9$#99%*[5FS*H9=S'@$*Z^*%(*=0,&?,0#*=6'*4%
`%&"%*[5FS*H$*+&:'K7)909EE^*0,*%"50&%*4%*209n#%"*[5FS*4&'K&$08&#)'(&/'.88&.#A^*'%&0"(*=%,(H
l(&%*4)'(6>#9#')'*=6&*9d)=0=)%*(%99%*?,%*=&6(#?,)%*=6&*9d6,(%,&*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*4%*4.
4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*c*46"'*9%'*(&0#'*r,$&%'*f*56&65(.&%*)=#?,%*5#()%'*5#H6$6"(E*0"*F0"5(#0""%
%"50&%E*"0"*'6"'*>0"3%,&E*',&*,"*'53)-6*596''#?,%*D*5%9,#E*%"*]&0'E*4%*96*9,((%*50"(&%*9%
I#"0(6,&%*[5FS*96*>69%#"%*>96"53%Ê*4,*&)5#([\5/59%^*4d6$%"(,&%'*%(*4%*96*a,l(%*4,*P&669S
;&* 9d%"C%,* 4%* 9d)=0=)%* "0$6&#"#%""%* "d%'(* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 4%* &%50"4,#&%* 5%* (/=%* 4%
'53)-6S*R9*/*6*#5#*=&0=0'#(#0"*4d6,(&%*530'%E*4%*(&.'*4#FF#5#9%*f*4)F#"#&*q*4d0o*96*4#FF#5,9()*?,#
50"'#'(%*f*[=&0=^0'%&*4%'*&)=0"'%'S*O%*=9,'E*9d)=0=)%*q*'0"]%0"'*f*45C8I$(&*q*=6&9%*6,
"0-*4d,"*]&0,=%*q*%"*])")&69*6''%u*=&)5#'*q*4d,"*=%,=9%E*4d,"%*50--,"6,()S*R5#E*5%*"d%'(
=6'*9%*56'E*'#"0"*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4%*9d3,-6"#()*%"*])")&69S*+d#"5#=#(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*'%->9%
"0,'*&%"'%#]"%&*D*j*Od0,*$#%"(*?,d0"*=6&9%*h*a,%*96*$#6"4%*'d%g=&#-%*h*k*:&%FE*5d%'(*9d30--%
[9d7"#-69*4,*(%-='E*9%*`#%#9*746-*=6&9)^*?,#*%'(*50"5%&")E*&%=&)'%"()*-l-%E*=6&*9d)=#?,%
"0$6&#"#%"*q*-6#'*"d)(6#(H5%*=6'*4)Cf*9%*56'*46"'*9d3:$.(&'&7*9dJ(S//I&*h*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E
46"'*9%'*=#.5%'*=&)5)4%--%"(*5#()'*[5FS*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/B'4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*%(*4&
@).?&'(&':.';$&Ê*M0$6&#"6*'%*-0"(&%*4%*F6#(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*>6&0?,%*%(*%g5%''#F*?,%*'0>&%
%(* -#"#-69#'(%* %(* 5%((%* 0=(#0"* &%9.$%* %"50&%E* "0,'* '%->9%H(H#9E* 4,* ]%"&%* )=#?,%* 4%* F6b0"
])")&69%S
OKRKUK&,*&/#(2#/&'%&[&)#5*/&(<EW()*$&\
+6*"0(#0"*4%*(3)p(&%*&%$#%"(*'0,$%"(*53%u*Z&6"b0#'*:0"*90&'?,d#9*)$0?,%*9%*-.87.0)#&:*%(
9%'* (&0#'* 6,(&%'* +#$&%'* [=,#'?,d#9* F6#(* ?,6'#-%"(* 9d#-=6''%* ',&* 9%* >$8"#$G?&^* %(* =0,&(6"(E
"%* 9d0,>9#0"'* =6'E* 96* ]%'(%* &6>%96#'#%""%* '%* 4#$#'%* %"* &0-6"'* D* 5%* "d%'(* =6'* $&6#-%"(
=6&640g69*'#*9d0"*50"'#4.&%*5%&(6#"%'*'5."%'*(&.'*4#690],)%'*[:0"*#"'#'(6"(*"0(6--%"(*',&
9%'* &%"50"(&%'* F0"46(&#5%'* ?,%* F6#(* 9%* ])6"(* %(* ',&* 96* C0,(%* 50-#?,%* %"(&%* J,-%$%'"%* %(
:6#'%5,9^*%(*9d%'=&#(*])")&69*4%*9dr,$&%*F6#(%*4%*-0,$%-%"(*%(*4%*(0"#5#()S
6'*987).)$9E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d#9*/*6#(*%"50&%*,"*9#%"*6$%5*9%*&0-6"*53%u*M0$6&#"6*q*-6#'
690&'*,"*&0-6"*'6"'*$&6#%*9#")6&#()*?,#*6,&6#(*&%(&0,$)*9%*'0,FF9%*&6>%96#'#%"*%(*&%"0,)*6$%5
9%*]&0'*&#&%*%(*,"%*5%&(6#"%*#4)%*4%*96*=09/=30"#%S*;"*'6#(*?,%*G0/5%*[,"*6,(&%*64%=(%*4%
96* =9,&#90?,#%^* %(* I%9$#99%* #"(&04,#'#&%"(* 4%'* )9)-%"('* (3)p(&6,g* 46"'* 9%,&'* r,$&%'* [0"* 9%
'6#(*-0#"'*-6#'*46"'*,"*]%"&%*=9,'*=0=,96#&%E*_%96u"/*F#(*4%*-l-%E*f*96*F#"*4%*K&$08&#)
(&*:#?$G)&^*%"*=&)'%"(6"(*=6&F0#'*9%'*530'%'*%g65(%-%"(*50--%*6,*(3)p(&%*["0,'*F6#'6"(
699,'#0"*f*96*=6]#"6(#0"*4%*5%&(6#"'*=6''6]%'E*46"'*W:S//&*%(*H9=S'*@$*Z^*S*7*'6*F6b0"E
M0$6&#"6*&%=&%"4*5%*F96->%6,*%"*#"(&04,#'6"(*4,*&0-6"*46"'*'0"*(3)p(&%E*"%*'%&6#(H5%*?,%
=0,&*(6?,#"%&*[$8*BSJS^*9%'*(%"6"('*=,&'*%(*4,&'*4,*]%"&%S
7,* F0"4E* M0$6&#"6* %'(* 6,''#* &0-6"5#%&* ?,%* G0/5%* %'(* 4&6-6(,&]%* D* 9%'* 4#'(#"5(#0"'
4%* 5%* (/=%* "d0"(* =9,'* ]&6"4* '%"'* #5#E* 9%'* 4%,g* 6,(%,&'* #"$%"(6"(* =&%'?,%* 4%* "0,$%99%'
56()]0&#%'*3/>&#4%'E*-,(6"(%'*%(*-0,$6"(%'*q*$(&?*=0,&*P,/0(6(*[-)9/7$7#7$98E*%(5SÊ*=0,&
B64#0(*j*',&F6"(*k*%"(&%*&0-6"*%(*=0)'#%*46"'*Q&79#)'(IE$8$7$E'&7'(#).=:&'(&*:5U7)&'.$?I*0,
=0,&*G65?,%'*N0,>6,4*=&0=0'6"(*6$%5*V)..:2L+IM7)&*,"*&0-6"*f*56&65(.&%*)=#?,%*-6#'*"%
'd6""0"b6"(*=6'*$&6#-%"(*50--%*(%9*=,#'?,%*=&)'%"()*%(*=6]#")*50--%*,"%*=#.5%*[?,0#?,%
1Q1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
=9,'*4)50,=)%*%(*',&(0,(*>%6,50,=*=9,'*90"],%*?,%*96*"0&-69%*c*-l-%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&
%(*4&'K9#:$&)'(&'/.7$8*'%->9%"(*50,&('*f*5s()^S
B%((%* #"4#'(#"5(#0"* =9,'* 0,* -0#"'* =%"')%E* $0,9,%E* 50"'5#%"(%E* '%&6#(* 40"5* 50--%
,"%*(%"46"5%*"0,$%99%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%*50"(%-=0&6#"%S*+%'*F0&-%'*50,&(%'*'0"(*4d6#99%,&'
)]69%-%"(*50"5%&")%'*[0"*=%"'%*6,g*(%g(%'*4%*8(%&">%&]E*6,g*H$*)9E$*7$98/*4%*G6,FF&6/E*6,
]&6"4*5/59%*%"(6-)*=6&*a,#]"6&4*0,*f*5%&(6#"'*&%5,%#9'*,9(&6H3)()&059#(%'*-6#'*")6"-0#"'
(&.'*503)&%"('*4%*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"^*=6&*5%'*#"()&%''6"(%'*-,(6(#0"'*&%"46"(*564,5'
4d6"5#%"'*59#$6]%'*%(*96#''6"(*#"(%&4#('*5%&(6#"'*'(&,5(,&69#'(%'S
O%* -l-%E* 0"* '6#(* ?,%* 9%* -%((%,&* %"* '5."%* G%6"H<#%&&%* 7&-6"4* =6&(* 4%'* &%5,%#9'
4%* "0(%'* %(\0,* 4d6=30&#'-%'* ?,%* '0"(* -&8(.87' :.' ?.7$G)&* 0,* 4#?$G)&/' (#' *9)%/* =0,&
=&0=0'%&*4%'*=#.5%'*4%*(3)p(&%*D*5d%'(*,"*"0,$%9*%g%-=9%*'#]"#F#56(#F*4%*=0&0'#()*&)69#')%S
8#]"690"'*%"50&%*9%*(&.'*>%6,*(&6$6#9*4%*+0,#'*B6'(%9*',&*4#?$G)&/*(#**9)%/*%(*@&;.87*:.
%.)9:&*[46"'*5%((%*4%&"#.&%*646=(6(#0"E*9%*50&='*%'(*0-"#=&)'%"(E*9d65(%,&*F0"5(#0""6"(*-l-%
=6&*-0-%"('*50--%*,"*$)&#(6>9%*65&0>6(%^S
OKRKVK&?/&"#5231%&'%&$P%Q"7K&U#/%'M)"+>M%&%"&<*M+<*/.<+")
+6* =&6(#?,%* ")090]#?,%* "0$6&#"#%""%* "0,'* =6&6w(E* 50--%* 53%u* N6>%96#'E* 36,(%-%"(
C,>#96(0#&%*%(*'%"',%99%E*9d0&69#()*'%->96"(*9,#*#-=0&(%&*6,*=9,'*6,*=0#"(S*R5#E*#9*'d6]#(*4d%"(%"4&%
9%'*50"5%=('*6,*9#%,*4d%''6/%&*4%*9%'*50-=&%"4&%*q*9%'*50-=&%"4&%*$&6#-%"(*'%&6#(*4d6#99%,&'
#-=0''#>9%*[4d0o*96*]6]%,&%*?,#*50"'#'(%*f*%"(&%=&%"4&%*,"%*(3.'%*50--%*5%99%H5#^S
M0,'*&%$#%"4&0"'*',&*96*"0(#0"*4d3%&-)(#'-%E*-6#'*)-%((0"'*4)Cf*9d#4)%*?,%*9%'*r,$&%'
4%*N6>%96#'E*4%*M0'(&646-,'E*4%*M0$6&#"6*[$0#&%*4%*+0$%5&6F(*%(*4dK4]6&*<0%^*$#%#99#&0"'
'6"'*40,(%*(&.'*>#%"*%"*5%*?,%*9%*j*-/'(.&%*k*#&6*'d)=6#''#''6"(S*7,(&%*&%-6&?,%*,"*=%,
',>C%5(#$%* D* 46"'* '%'* =#.5%'E* #9* "d/* 6* =6'* (0,C0,&'* 4%* 9d65(#0"* f* =&0=&%-%"(* =6&9%&* -6#'
[]&6"4* =6&640g%Ê* #9* /* 6* (0,C0,&'* 4%* 96* $#(%''%S* O%* -l-%E* 46"'* 5%&(6#"%'* =6&(#%'* 4%* 96
F#"* 4%* V#$089:5/' =.8(E* 0"* "%* '6#(* =9,'* $&6#-%"(* 0o* '%* '#(,%* 9d65(#0"* [?,#* '%->9%* '(6]"%&E
'd%->0,&>%&^*%(*=0,&(6"(*5%96*&%'(%*%"9%$)E*$#FE*&#]040"")*[f*56,'%E*%"(&%*6,(&%'E*4%'*$%&>%'
4d65(#0"^*D*5%96*%'(*f*&6==&053%&*4%*9d6&(*"0$6&#"#%"S
+d6,(%,&*4%*H9)7'\'*)I($7*4#'6#(*4d6#99%,&'*46"'*,"*(%g(%*5)9.>&%*?,%*N6>%96#'*6$6#(*j*&6()
'0"* 50,=* kE* 9%* F&6"b6#'* 9#(()&6#&%* 9,#* 6/6"(* F#"69%-%"(* =&)F)&)* 7-/0(* [$0#&%* N0"'6&4* %(* 96
<9%#64%^*D*0"*$0#(*?,%*5d%'(*(0,(*f*F6#(*F6,g*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*B)9#"%*%(*M0$6&#"6*%(*?,d#9
%g#'(%*>%9*%(*>#%"*,"%*=%&-6"%"5%*&3)(0&#?,%*&6>%96#'#%""%*q*%(*4%*9d%'=&#(*4d)=0=)%S
K&LW[/)'."+*:&+M.Q+:.+'%&^&#:&'+'%&$%&<.'.H+:
:&%FE*50--%*53%u*N6>%96#'*%(*'0,'*9%*&%]6&4*4,*j*4#$#"*<%,(Hl(&%*k[GS8SE*=S*@AA^*q*56&E*46"'
9%'*4%,g*r,$&%'E*96*(3)090]#%*%'(*90#"*4dl(&%*6>'%"(%*qE*#9*/*6*46"'*(0,(*5%96*,"%*5%&(6#"%
F0&5%*>6&0?,%E*,"%*>%99%*'6"()*%(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*,"%*$090"()*4%*j*'0&(#&*4%*9d3s=#(69*k*D
j*7990"'*-6964%E*6,*(&0,*C%,"%''%*m*k*[OS`SE*=S*1UA^S
O6"'*9%'*4%,g*56'E*0"*C0,%*>%6,50,=*6$%5*9%*50&='*4d,"%*F6b0"*])")&69%*%(*9d3,-0,&*f
9dr,$&%*[N6>%96#'*=&6(#?,6#(*9d6&(*4dK'5,96=%^*=0,&&6*l(&%*5%9,#*4,*56&6>#"E*50--%*6$%5*5%'
#"(%&$%"(#0"'*53#&,&]#569%'*4%*N9#/*"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*[==S*QQHQW^*D
[…] dépossession de m’intestin, suivie d’une greffe d’un homme de moi […],
ambalation du tria aux pattes de devant […], ingestion de déglutil par la veine
quatre […] dix-huit heures d’opération à ciel ouvert […]. Puis repris en seconde
1QQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
intervention par docteur Paul Cas, l’adjoint pète-sec du professeur Mécorde. Puis
écrasé r-à nouveau r-à-moto par un kiné malhabile nommé François Nobilimi.
Rechute. […] A la vue des cent quatorze médecins, je ne me sentis pas bien […].
M0$6&#"6*&%=&%"4*6,''#*f*'0"*50-=(%*,"%*(&64#(#0"*-09#)&%'?,%*[#"56&")%*"0(6--%"(*=6&
O#6F0#&,'*%(*<,&]0"*46"'*4&'H.:.(&'$?.0$8.$)&^*D*=6&*9%'*=6&640g%'*%(*9%'*)"0&-#()'E*#9*'d6]#(
4%*-,9(#=9#%&*9%'*5&#-%*4%*9.'%HF65,9()S
<0,&(6"(E*5d%'(*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*r,$&%*0o*F0,&-#99%"(*9%'*j*O05(,''%'*kE*?,d0"
%"(%"4&6*9%*-#%,g*9%*&#&%*4,*56&6>#"S*+%'*"0-'*4%*5%&(6#"'*'=)5#69#'(%'*"d0"(*5%=%"46"(*&#%"
4d%"]6]%6"(*50--%*96*j*B6"5)&6(&#5%*k*[OS`SE*=S*11A^*-6#'*0"*&#&6*(0,(*4%*-l-%*D*j*K"(&%"(
4%,g*-)56"#5#%"'*])"#(6,g*',#$#'*4%*G%6"*G0#"(,&%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1LU^S*2%9*53#&,&]#%"*[O05(%,&
+#5%(^* 6$0,%&6* j* Gd6#* =6'')* -6* $#%* f* (&0-=%&* 9%'* 0=)&)'* ',&* 9%* "0->&%* 4%* 9%,&* -%->&%
&%'(6"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*1LU^*(6"4#'*?,d,"*=6(#%"(*'%*&%>#FF%*%(*=&)$#%"(*D*j*7((%"(#0"*O05(%,&E*Cd6#
-6"])*=9,'#%,&'*l(&%'*6$6"(*$0,'*k*[OS`SE*=S*1@1^S
+f*%"50&%E*0"*6''#'(%&6*f*4%'*0=)&6(#0"'*>#u6&&%'*50--%*9%*(6""6]%*4,*]%"0,*[OS`SE
=S* 11U^* %(* 5%&(6#"'* 4#6]"0'(#5'* "%* '%&0"(* =6'* -0#"'* )(&6"]%'* D* 6=&.'* ,"%* j* 6"69/'%* 4%
=,&#"*=0,&*&%=)&%&*',&*-0#*0"u%*O%&4,90?,%'E*40,u%*8(&6>#990"'E*(&%#u%*+%=(050?,%'E*3,#(
8(%&=#40"'* %(* ,"* ]%&-%* 4%* -0&(* k* [OS`SE* =S* 1TTÊ* 0"* 4)5&)(%&6* %"* %FF%(* j* `0,'* l(%'
6((%#"(*4d%g(&0(/=6'%E*$0,'*699%u*=6''%&*kS*O%*-l-%E*5%&(6#"'*=%&'0""6]%'*'0,FF&#&0"(*4%
j*569b09),-*>,>9#?,%*k*0,*'%&0"(*6((%#"('*4%*j*=6&#(%*k*%(*j*4d6-=305/(0'%*k*=%"46"(*?,%
4d6,(&%'*j*|=#''%&0"(}*=,&#"*k*%(*j*,(&#"*k*[OS`SE*=S*1TU^S*;"*=6&9%&6*-l-%*4d,"*j*6"(3&6g
%-=#'(099)*k*[OS`SE*=S*11U^S*a,6"(*6,g*&%-.4%'E*#9'*'%&0"(*)]69%-%"(*>#u6&&%'*k*50-=&#-)
4)5#46g*kE*]0&])%*4%*j*F0&-#40>9)"09*k*[OS`SE*=S*@U1Ê*%(5S
O6"''4567&:$&)';9:.87B'0"*=0,&&6*l(&%*$#5(#-%*4%*96*j*(&6$6#990'%*k*[-6964#%*?,%*56,'%&6#(
9%*(&6$6#9^*0,*4%*96*j*5&6"53%*k*[-6964#%*?,%*56,'%&6#(*96*F,-)%^S*O6"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E*#9
/*6,&6*4%'*j*4#u6#"%'*4d655#4%"('*4%$%",'*',>#(%-%"(*)9%5(&#?,%'*k*[=S*@XV^*%(*0"*4)596&%&6
f*96*=6]%*@LX*j*$0#5#*9%'*=6&09%'*4%*96*-6964#%*k*[=S*@LX^S*O6"'*4.'4#77&'(&/*?9)7/*[=S*QWWÊ
5d%'(* 9d%'(0-65* [-6#'* 5%9,#* 4%'* 56"5)&%,g* 4%* 96* ]0&]%^* ?,#* =6&9%* %(* 5d%'(* %"* 50"'#4)&6"(
j* 9d#""%(%'(#""%* k* [-0(* =30")(#?,%-%"(* %g=&%''#F* -l96"(* =%,(Hl(&%* #"%'(3)(#?,%E* #"(%'(#"E
(%'(%*%(*9,((%'*#"(%'(#"%'^*4%'*56"5)&%,g*4%*9d%'(0-65*?,d0"*'%->9%*=0,$0#&*'%*&%"'%#]"%&
(&.'*F65#9%-%"(*',&*9%,&*)(6(*%g65(*%(*9d6$6"5)%*[0,*=6'^*4%*9%,&*-6964#%*c*4%*-l-%*[+SISE*=S
QWW^*D*j*B%,g*?,#*6,&0"(*4%'*56"5%&'*46"'*9d>0/6,E*0"*9%'*F%&6*'d%g=&#-%&*=6&*4%'*-%''6]%'
-0&'%'*?,d#9'*"0,'*C0,%&0"(*=6&*9%'*=#%4'*k*[a,6"(*6,g*j*56"5)&%,g*4,*=#%4*kE*#9'*j*"d6,&0"(
?,df*&#%"*"0,'*4#&%*k^S
O6"'* 45J)$0$8&' )9#0&E* 0"* j* |'0,FF&#&6}* 6,* 4%30&'* 4%* '0#* k* [=S* LL^* -6#'* %"50&%
j*4d6==&0g#-6(#0"*-%"(69%*k*[=S*@AU^*0,*>#%"*j*4d6"(3&0=0=6"4&#%*k*$0#&%*4%*j*")6"4&#%*k*[=S
QV^* q* %(* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&* [=S* @@UÊ* 4d,"%* j* (0&(#990"0'%* 6,* =96F0"4* ',>9,"69* kS* O%* -l-%E
5%&(6#"'*0&]6"%'E*#"(%&"%'*0,*%g(%&"%'E*'%&0"(*6''%u*#")4#('*D*96*j*$%''#%*5%&$#569%*k*=6&
%g%-=9%*[;SNSE*=S*QV^*0,*>#%"*9%'*j*'/"6='#099%'E*F#>&#09%'E*9,5#4#]%'*k*?,#*&%9#%"(*96*-6#"*f*96
=%"')%*[GSNSE*=S*UWÊ*'6"'*=6&9%&*4%*96*j*-6(#.&%*5)=369#?,%*k*[;SNSE*=S*TQ^S*a,6"(*6,*-0(
j*"%,&0(&0=%'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@WQÊ*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9*-)96"]%*"%,&09%=(#?,%'*%(*='/530(&0=%'S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*"0,'*50"'%#99%*j*7>'0&>%u*4,*'(6&0>9,>9040>09,]/9*m*k*[=S*TVÊ
0"*)$0?,%*[=S*@1A^*,"*j*405(%,&*<&,"#%&*k*[?,d#9*'d6]#(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%*'%50,%&Ê*0"*#"(&04,#(
,"*40,(%*[=S*@1V^*',&*9%*'%"'*4,*-0(*(6>9%*[96*'5."%*"%*'%&6#(H%99%*=6'*,"*>#996&4*0o*9d0"
0=.&%*9%*96"]6]%*h^*%(*0"*'%*4%-6"4%*[=S*@QQ^*j*7*?,0#*>0"*0=)&%&*,"*-0&(*h*kE*5%*?,#
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*"d%'(*=6'*'6"'*'%"'*D*-0&(E*9d65(%,&*40#(*9dl(&%S*;=)&)*h*#9*40#(*9dl(&%*6,''#E
=6&*96*=6&09%E*5%((%*4%&"#.&%*=0,$6"(*f*9d0556'#0"*9d)9%5(&0530?,%&*=0,&*?,d#9*'d6"#-%*4%$6"(
"0,'S
1QW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
K&LW.//)"+"&$W.<"+*:&^&@&f--*:>&M.-.$%?&.#&"'*#&_%#:%>>%&jB
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%*96*]&6"4%*>#u6&&%&#%*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*0=)&6(#0"'E*0&]6"%'E*&%-.4%'*%(
6,(&%'* 655#4%"('* f* &)=)(#(#0"E* 5d%'(* 96* $#%* ?,#* 9d%-=0&(%* $8' E$8&S* O%* F6#(E* 0"* 'd%"50,&6]%&6
f* $#$&%* %(* f* 30--%&* =6&* (0,'* 9%'* -0/%"'* =0''#>9%'* %(* #-6]#"6>9%'E* %(* 5%96* -l-%* 46"'
4.' 4#77&' (&/' ?9)7/* ?,#* %'(* =0,&(6"(* ,"%* r,$&%* 6''%u* "0#&%* $0#&%* -0&>#4%* =6&* >#%"* 4%'
6'=%5('*D*0"*/*=6&9%&6*%"*%FF%(*[=S*WQV^*4%*j*?,%,%*>&6"4#%*k*%(*4%*j*9d0,(&%5,#46"5%*4,
50"*k*[5%*?,#*&6==&053%*#"4#&%5(%-%"(*0,(&%5,#46"5%*%(*%"(&%5,#''%^*%(E*0,(&%*j*86->6*m*kE
9d0"* 'd%g596-%&6* j* B,#''%uE* 5,#''%u* m* k* [=S* WUWÊ* j* I,'59,''%'* %(* C6->0"'* m* `#$%"(* "0'
=6((%'*m*k*[=S*WXUÊ*j*J)*9%'*4.&%'E*u#],%*m*7&?,%u*9%'*5,9'*m*k*[=S*QUVÊ*j*I0&40"'*96*"05%
4%'*>&,/6"('*F0,(&%'*k*[=S*QULÊ*%(5S*R5#E*j*F6#&%*'%g%*k*[%"*'%*j*'%*'0,46"(*=6&*9%'*(&0,'
64C65%"('*k*0,*6,(&%'*-0469#()'^*)?,#$6,(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*5&#%&*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*kS
O%* -l-%E* 46"'* 4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&* '%&6* 40"")* 9%* 50"'%#9* ',#$6"(* D* j* `0,'* 4%$%u
6>'09,-%"(*&%=&%"4&%*50,&6]%E*6]#&E*$6]#&E*%"(&%&E*'0&(#&*k*[=S*11U^S*R9*'d6]#(*4%*"%*=6'*'%
96#''%&*699%&*%(*4%*(0,C0,&'*50"'%&$%&*j*9d6==)(#(*4d65(#0"*k*[OS`SE*=S*11A^S*j*`#$%*96*F0,&53%((%
4,*=.&%*4d746-*m*k*'d%g596-%&6H(H0"*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*@WU^*D*=6'*?,%'(#0"*4%*F96"53%&E
"#*4dl(&%*-0,*4,*]%"0,S*R5#E*?,6"4*0"*96"5%*j*K"*6$6"(E*6'=#&6"(*m*kE*5d%'(*6,''#*%(*',&(0,(*9%
'#]"%*?,d0"*6'=#&%*f*$#$&%E*f*699%&*4%*9d6$6"(*%(*f*F#"#&*5%*?,d#9*/*6*',&*96*(6>9%*%(*46"'*9%'*=96('S
RK&]%:*-&%(&)<E(#)231%&+&$*&[&:*)$%)2%X5*/0%)2%&\
RKOK&[&D&(*B$%&\
RKOKOK&[&,*&629*/(%&\&+&4*25.&'E-2)&%(&/#1))2(1)%
R5#E*9%*4)'#&*4%*$#$&%*[4d30--%&E*4%*&%=&04,#&%*4%*9d30--%^*'%->9%*'0,$%"(*6''05#)*f*96
j*`#$6"(%*kE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*f*96*F6#-*50--%*46"'*9%'*%g=&%''#0"'*F&6"b6#'%'*e'%*=&%"4&%*96
>0,53%e*%(*e'%*>0,FF%&*9%*-,'%6,e*$0#&%E*=0,&*=&0]&%''%&*46"'*9%*]&0''#%&E*'%*9#$&%&*f*4%'
e'0,=%'*4%*96"],%e*[5d%'(*f*4#&%*'d%->&6''%&*]0,9z-%"(^*D*j*R9*/*6*'%#u%*6"'*?,%*C%*&l$%
4%=,#'*4#gH'%=(*6"'*4%*$0,'*-6"]%&*5%((%*(l(%*?,%*C%*$0,'*$0#'*9f*k*[GS8SE*=S*@QW^S
O.'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 9%* 4)'#&* 'd%g=&#-%* 50--%* ,"%* F6#-S* K"* F6#(E* 5%96* '%
50"F0"4*q*#5#*4%*F6b0"*]6#%*%(*&#-)%*D*j*'#*$0,'*)(#%u*%"*=6#"E*"0,'*$0,'*-6"]%&#0"'*>#%"*k*[=S
111^S*O%*?,0#*'d6]#(H#9*h*O%*F6#-*0,*4%*4)'#&*h*j;&69*Od6>0&4S*k*4#&6#(*9%*8099%&'*4%'*D9:$&/
E).8b.$/&/*q*0&69*0,*>,5569*%(*=6&F0#'*>65536"69*$0#&%*>,5536"69*4,*I#4#E*=&)5#'%&6#(*=%,(H
l(&%* G%6"H<#%&&%* `%&3%]]%"S* I6#'* +656"* h* K(* Z&%,4* h* K(* 96* ='/536"69/'%* h* <%,* $%&')'
46"'*5%'*-6(#.&%'E*"%*"0,'*=&0"0"b0"'*=6'*%(*&6==&0530"'*=9,(s(*9d6==&053%*"0$6&#"#%""%
4%*5%99%*4d,"*6&(#'(%E*O69#E*=&)4#'6"(*?,%*j*|96}*>%6,()*'%&6*50-%'(#>9%*0,*"%*'%&6*=6'*kS
O6"'*@.:$B':5h#;)&'%&$87*4%*N0>%&(*O%'536&"%'*%(*P#99%'*M)&%(*[6,g*)4#(#0"'*26'53%"Ê*0"
9#(*4d6#99%,&'*?,%*53%u*9%*=%#"(&%*56(696"E*j*|9%}*4)9#&%*5,9#"6#&%*|t}*'%*-l9%*|t}*4%*'%"',69#()
%(*4d)&0(#'-%*k*D*5%96*=%,(*6,''#*6&&#$%&*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*"0$6&#"#%"S
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(*4%'*50&&%'=0"46"5%'*[5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%^*6$%5*9%*F0,*4,*5305096(
+6"$#"E*5%((%*&3)(0&#?,%*40,>9%*%(*50,=9)%*%'(*0-"#=&)'%"(%*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E
9d6,(%,&*&%(&6$6#996"(*f*'6*-6"#.&%*9d%g=&%''#0"*e>%99%*f*5&0?,%&e*[?,#*)(6#(*4)Cf*6->#],‡^*D
&%"$0/0"'*6,g*=6]%'*@1UH@1LH@1VH@QAH@Q@*4)Cf*)(,4#)%'*[$8*j*Z%,*=6&(0,(*m*k^*D*j*Gd$0,4&6#'
=6&*]0,&-6"4#'%*kE*%(5S^*%(*5#(0"'*%"50&%*5%5#E*(#&)*4%*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*WL^*D*j*73E*$0(&%
$#6"4%*%'(*50"'#4)&6>9%-%"(*'69)%*m*2,*'%"'*>0"*96*56$%&"%*k*0o*,"*4)'#&*4%*50"'0--6(#0"
[%"50&%* ,"* -0(* 6->#],* D* -6&#6]%* 50"'0--)E* %(5S^* 'd%g=&#-%* =%,(Hl(&%* q* 4%* -l-%E* 9%
j*-0&4%,&*C65,9#%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@X^*'%->9%*-6"#F%'(%&*,"*4)'#&*40,>9%*%(*(&0,>9%S*6'*987).)$9
1QX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
[5d%'(*%"50&%*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()Ê*0"*=%,(*)]69%-%"(*6$0#&*9%*4)'#&*4dl(&%*,"*=96(*D*j*C%
&l$%*?,%*$0,'*-%*-6"]%u*4%*$0'*4%"('*k*[BSJSE*=S*@1TÊ*5%*?,#*=&%"4&6*,"*(0,&*53&)(#%"
46"'*k*G%*(d0FF&%*9%*=6#"*4%*-6*536#&E*C%*',#'*(0"*30'(#%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@U1^S
RKOKRK&,%&B*/31%(&/#9*)2/2%/
7$6"(*4d)$0?,%&*f*"0,$%6,*N6>%96#'E*#9*"0,'*F6,4&6#(*#5#*&%-0"(%&*%"50&%*,"*=%,*9%*(%-='E
699%&*$0#&*4,*5s()*4%'*]&%5'*%(*)$0?,%&*96*j*8ˆKMK*k*[5FS*j*(6>9%*k^*%"*5#(6"(*9%*=6''6]%
4d,"*6&(#59%*4%*B96,4%*:,53$694*D
J’ai préparé la mise en scène du repas en travaillant Le Banquetde Platon.
La configuration était la même : un chœur autour d’une table, c’est la parole
qui s’échange. Le cœur de la tragédie grecque fait entendre une seule voix,
c’est une entité, tandis que le chœur du Repas découvre des solitudes très
individualisées, est plus proche de la Cène. […] Autour de cette gigantesque
table et sur ces tabourets en fer extrêmement hauts, ils ressemblaient à des
141
petits bonshommes en suspens, en partance.
O6"'*5%((%*-#'%*%"*'5."%*[5FS*j*]#]6"(%'?,%*(6>9%*kE*j*(6>0,&%('*%g(&l-%-%"(*36,('*kÊ*0"
=0,&&6*6,''#*'0"]%&*f*,"*j*>6>#9*k*4d%"F6"('*[5FS*=%(#('*>0"30--%'^*%"*(&6#"*4%*]0z(%&*[96
96"],%*h^*0,*4%*Fl(%&*,"*j*"0"H6""#$%&'6#&%*k*q*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"*j*4w"%&*53%u*9%'
F0,'*k*[%(*f*9d#-6]%*%"*5%96*4d79#5%E*4,*90#&E*4,*B36=%9#%&*Z0,*%(*4,*+#.$&%*4%*I6&'^*-l-%
'#* B96,4%* :,53$694* 6* &6#'0"* 4%* -%((&%* %"* 6$6"(* 9d#4)%* 4%* B."%* D* 46"'* 536?,%* =#.5%* 0,
f*=%,*=&.'E*,"%*5)"0(6>9%*%'(*%"*%FF%(*4&%'')%E*=&)'%"()%*=6&*;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u*50--%
@W1
,"%* j* (6>9%* 0&6(0#&%* k * [5%* ?,#* &%"$0#%* =9,(s(* 6,* <.8"#&7* =96(0"#5#%"^S* B%((%* (6>9%E* %99%
"d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*>0#'*D*96*=3&6'%*j*9%*'09*4d0o*"0,'*$%"0"'E*0o*"0,'*#&0"'*%(*?,#*%'(*"0(&%
(6>9%*k*[7SRSE*=S*X@^*'%->9%*-l-%*#"4#?,%&*?,d%99%*%'(*F6#(%*4%*(%&&%S
@WQ
O6"'* ,"* 6,(&%* 6&(#59% E* B3&#'(#"%* N6-6(* [?,#* =6&9%E* %99%E* 4d,"* j* 6&53#>6"?,%(
]&0(%'?,%* k^* "0,'* &6==%99%* ?,%* 96* B."%* F#(* 4%=,#'* 90"](%-='* 9d0>C%(* 4d,"%* j* ,(#9#'6(#0"
50-#?,%**kE*)$0?,6"(*"0(6--%"(*9%'*j*F%'(#"'*90,F0?,%'*k*4%*4.'>9&8.'>S%)$.8$*[j*(%g(%
.-%
.-%
96(#"*6"0"/-%E*50-=0')*%"(&%*9%*`
*%(*`RR
*'#.59%*k*%(*=&)'%"()*50--%*96*j*'0,&5%
=&#"5#=69%*4,*&#&%*-)4#)$69*k^*%(*9d*j*#")=,#'6>9%*F650"4%*k*4%*:)&0694%*46"'*4&'?9S&8'(&
%.);&8$)S
<0,&(6"(E*5d%'(*f*9d6&(*4%*I6w(&%*7950F&#>6'*[B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(*9%*5#(%*>#%"*'z&*6,''#E*9,#*%(
'%'*j*&#=6#99%'*F6&5%'?,%'*k^*?,%*96*96"],%*%99%H-l-%E*9%*50&='*4,*(%g(%*[=6&*'0"*56&65(.&%
$#$6"(E*4%"'%E*%(*536&",^*"0,'*F%&6*'0"]%&*D*50--%*53%u*N6>%96#'E*96*96"],%*4%*M0$6&#"6*6
%"*%FF%(*?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*'09#4%*%(*4%*&0>0&6(#F*c*%99%*6*4%*5%'*j*&0>,'(%'*0,(&6"5%'*k*40"(
Z96,>%&(*=6&9%*f*+0,#'%*B09%(S*R5#E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*-l-%*?,%*96*=%"')%*j*'#.]%*46"'*9d=6"'%E
"0"*46"'*9%'*90>%'*=6&(#%'*4,*F&0"(*k*[+SISE*=SWW@^*D*=%"'6"(*50--%*,"*&0'%6,E*90?,65%
f* '6* F6b0"E* 9%* $%"(&%* "d%'(* =6'* -0,E* 96* =6"'%* =#90(%* 9d30--%* %(* 9%* -."%* (0,C0,&'* f* >0"
=0&5*[0"*'6#(*50->#%"*9%*j*=0&5#F*%'(*&)5,&&%"(*46"'*9dr,$&%^*0,*f*(0,(%*6,(&%*"0,&&#(,&%E
=6&F0#'*'=#&#(,%99%S*I%''6]%*'#-=9#'(%*-6#'*#-=)&#%,gE*9%*$%"(&%*%'(*50--%*,"*O#%,E*9%*$%"(&%
141
&=-.#$%&a#<(A.-$?&@&LW*XX'.:$%&+:A+>+H-%&B?&C.-D'%&E*A.'+:.F&7()G"'%>&$#&A%'H%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&5J345JqF
@W1
**;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%uE*j*<0&(&6#(*4%*9d65(%,&*%"*=%&'0""6]%*D*9d65(%,&*%(*'%'*-6'?,%'*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*kE*4.'=9#*+&
7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*T@S
@WQ
* *B3&#'(#"%*N6-6(E*j*;=)&%((%*(3)090]#?,%E*(3)090]#%*4d0=)&%((%*D9%'*=6&640g%'*4d,"%*4&6-6(,&]#%*'=#&#(,%99%*kE*4.'=9#*+&
7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(E*=S*VUS
1QT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
%'(*,"*]&6"4*-6w(&%E*53%u*N6>%96#'*%(*0,*53%u*M0$6&#"6*q*-6#'*9%*$%"(&%*%'(*6,''#*5%9,#*4%
I6&#%E*5%9,#*?,#*50"(#%"(*,"*O#%,*=%(#(*?,#*&%'=#&%H59#]"0(%*50--%*,"*")0"*4#'6"(*G%*',#'^S
RKOKUK&,*&[&/#9*)2(1)%&\
K&N%:#>&+M/*>>+H-%>
K"* (6"(* ?,d6-6(%,&* 4%* 9#'(%'E* #9* "0,'* =6&6w(* 90]#?,%* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* #"$%"(%* 4%'* -%",'E
'd#"'5&#$6"(* 9f* %"50&%* 46"'* ,"%* (&64#(#0"* (&.'* 6"5#%""%E* ?,d0"* =0,&&6#(* F6#&%* &%-0"(%&* f
<)(&0"%*%(*f*'0"*K.7S)$*98*[5FS*j*=0#'*53#53%'*50&",'E*F#],%'*4d7F&#?,%E*$,9$%*4%*(&,#%*'()&#9%E
F&%(#"*4%*-%&E*3,==%*kE*%(5SÊ*96*90"],%*9#'(%*4%'*#"(%&4#('*69#-%"(6#&%'*4%*96*:#>9%*50"'(#(,6"(
,"%*6,(&%*-0469#()*4%*-%",E*5%9,#H5#*4)F%"4,*q*6,*-l-%*(#(&%*?,%*96*=0--%*?,#*F,(*F6(69%
f*eK$646-eS
7*96*=6]%*@Q@*4%*F&'/#$/E*,"*-%",*%'(*4)596-)*50--%*,"%*6""0"5%*4d#"$#()'E*9%'*=96('
&6==%96"(*#5#*,"*5056''%*@$.=:90#&*4%*O,>#996&4*[5FS*j*9%*5&6>%*%(*'6*=#"5%*kE*j*9%*/60,&(*%(
'6*46(%H9#-#(%*k^*&%=&04,#(*5#H6=&.'*c*%"*F6#(E*N6>%96#'E*20=0&E*O,>#996&4E*%(*M0$6&#"6*[$0#&%
P0->&0~#5uE*46"'*4&'E&/7$8'(&':.'%)$8*&//&'D)$79#$::&^*)$0?,%"(*96*"0,&&#(,&%*4%*96*-l-%
F6b0"E*5d%'(*f*4#&%*6$%5*3,-0,&*%(*%g5.'S
N6>%96#'* (0,(* 4d6>0&4* [30""%,&* 6,* -6w(&%^* =&0=0'%&6* 46"'* 9%* T#.)7' :$;)&* 9%* -%",
',#$6"(* D* j* P&6''%'* '0,==%'* 4%* =&#-%E* B6>#&0(64%'E* +0"]%'* 4%* $%6,* &0,'(/* F&0#4%'
'#"6=#')%'* 4%* =0,94&%* _#"u#>%&#"%E* <6'(%u* 4d6''#%((%E* 80,==%'* 4%* +%$&#%&E* B30,'* 56>,(u
f* 96* -0,%99%* 4%* >r,FE* 869-#],0"4#"'E* ;9#$%'* 509/->64%'E* 7"40,#99%'* 56==6&6''0"")%'
4%* -0,(6&4%* F#"%E* B36==0"'* &0,'(#u* 6$%5?,%'* 9%,&* 4)]0,((E* :,(0&'E* Z0,9?,%'* 6,g
=0,&&%6,gE* B0&>%6,g* 4%* B36==0"'E* Z96-6"'E* B#]"%'E* M%#]%* 4%* B&%-%E* I/&0>696"'
@WW
50"F#5(uE*B0"F#5(,&%'*'%#53%'*%(*9#?,#4%'*k S*K(*M0$6&#"6*[$0#&*GS8SE*=S*@Q@*q*%(*6,(&%'*=96('
=,#')'*b6*%(*9fÊ*50--%*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*=&%"4&6*9%*&%96#'*D*j*80,=%*4%*4)(&%''%E*<6#996''0"
4d#"]&)4#%"('*'6,5%*$%90,&'\*'6,5%*=#56&4%E*K'(0,FF64%*4%*>0,FF%*f*96*90,&4%E*I6"]%64%
4%*-6"]%64%E*<%"'#0""64%E*J,w(&%'*',&*9#(#.&%*[6,*"0->&%*4%*3,#(Ê*N0"4%*4%'*6''#%((%'
'%,9%'E*B36&#0(*4%*'6#'0"*%(*'6*&0"4%*4%*50-=6&6#'0"'E*O#FF)&%"(%'*'0&(%'*4%*50,65'E*<6"#%&
4,*'0-"#?,%*&#]09%(E*B&6>%*%(*'6*=#"5%E*;,&'E*<0,9%(*$#FE*J653#'*4,*:%6,$6#'#'E*86,5%*6,
]69%(6'*4%*=0#&%6,gE*x60,&(*%(*'6*46(%*9#-#(%E*+6*',#(%*kS
R5#E* "%* F6#'0"'* =6'* 4%* 50"(&%H'%"'* D* '#E* 53%u* N6>%96#'E* 5%&(6#"%'* F6b0"'* 4%* "0--%&
=%,$%"(*',&=&%"4&%*%(*6-,'%&*q*%(*'#*-6"]%&*4,*5/]"%*[=6&*%g%-=9%^*"d%'(*],.&%*50,&6"(
4%*"0'*C0,&'*qE*96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=96('*=&0=0')'*&%'(%"(*=0''#>9%'E*F6#'6>9%'*c*6#"'#*40"5E*'d#9
/*6*'6"'*40,(%*#"$%"(#0"*&%96(#$%E*0"*"%*'6,&6#(*#5#*=6&9%&*4%*")090]#%*$)&#(6>9%*q*4d6,(6"(
=9,'*?,d#9*F6,4&6#(E*46"'*5%&(6#"'*56'E*%g=90&%&*96*=#'(%*4%*96*'=)5#69#()*90569%S*7,*&%'(%E*5d%'(
',&(0,(E*96*=&0F,'#0"*%g(&l-%*4%'*=96('*?,#*'#4.&%*53%u*N6>%96#'*q*%(E*40"5E*9d#-=0''#>#9#()
4d%"* $%"#&* ,"* C0,&* f* >0,(* ['6,FE* >#%"* 'z&* ?,6"4* 0"* 'd6==%99%* P6&]6"(,6E* <6"(6]&,%9* %(
50"'0&('^S
K&N.:Q%*:>&$%&-.&M.:Q%*::.$%&j
O6"'* ,"%* 9#'(%* 4%* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* [=S* @W1Ê* =96('* %(* 4%"&)%'* '%->9%"(* #-6]#"6#&%'
%(*=0,&(6"(*5%&(6#"'*"0-'*=%,$%"(*%"*&6==%9%&*4d6,(&%'E*5%,gH9f*=9,'*50--,"'S*7#"'#E*96
j*4&653)%*k*&%''%->9%*f*96*4&6])%*[-6#'*6,''#*f*96*(&653)%E*f*96*(&6"53)%*$0#&%*f*96*j*4&6])%
6&(.&%*kÊ*96*j*&6(6(0,"%*k*f*96*&6(6(0,#99%E*9%*j*53#5,#(*k*6,*>#'5,#(E*96*j*50,&9%*k*f*96*50,&]%E
96*j*'.>%*k*6,*'%#]9%E*96*j*>%,&9%*k*6,*>%,&&%E*96*j*=#]"%*k*6,g*=#]"0"'E*9%'*j*0]"%'*k*6,g
0#]"0"'E*96*j*&6'(.?,%*k*f*96*=6'(.?,%E*%(5S*7,(&%'*$056>9%'*D*96*j*=6(6F#09%*k*%'(*50--%
@WW
**N6>%96#'E*T#.)7':$;)&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*X@XS
1QU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
,"%*=6(6(%*F099%*%(\0,*=6(6=3/'#?,%*q#4%-*=0,&*96*=6(&6FF%*[9%*-0(*)$0?,6"(*6,''#*=6&6F%E
=6&6]&6=3%*%(*=6(6(&6'^S*+6*j*53#530,&9%*kE*%99%E*&6==%99%*9%*-6&'%#996#'*eZ6"*4%*53#530,&9%*me
%(*?,6"(*f*96*j*]0>#99%*kE*%99%*'%*$%&&6*=%,(Hl(&%*4)]0>#99)%S*7,(&%'*&6==&053%-%"('*=0''#>9%'
[-6#'*"d6FF#&-0"'*&#%"^*D*4#C0#&\-0,(6&4%*4%*O#C0"E*53#50(%\53#50&)%E*&646''%\&64#'E*=#536(%\
=#53%(*4%*=#5&6(%E*=6"0,''%\=6-=9%-0,''%E*]6&"#\F#9%(*]6&"#E*$#6"4&6(\$#6"4%E*56F,\56F)S
K"F#"E*96*=0#"(%*%"*j*-6"]%u*4,*>0"*k*'%&6*#5#*50--%*,"*5&#*4%*],%&&%*%"*F6$%,&*4%
96*]6'(&0"0-#%S*M0(0"'*%"50&%*9%*',&]#''%-%"(*50-#?,%*%(*',&=&%"6"(*4%*j*(&,FF%'*k*46"'
,"*(%9*-%",*[?,#*%'(*50--%*9%*>&,'?,%*&%(0,&*4d,"*&)%9*"d6/6"(*=6'*4#(*'0"*4%&"#%&*-0(^*c
$(&?*[-6#'*46"'*,"%*-0#"4&%*-%',&%^*=0,&*j*9d6&9%?,#"*kE*#5#*=&)'%"()*50--%*,"*69#-%"(
[#9*'%*=%,(*?,%*5%*'0#(*4%*96*-65)40#"%^S
O%*-l-%E*9%*j*F&#56"(#990"*k*4%*96*=6]%*@QX*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*-#"#HF&#56'')%*%(*0"*=0,&&6#(
$0#&*96*j*90,50"F#0(%*k*4%*96*=6]%*XU*50--%*4%*96*j*50"F#0(%*4%*90,=*k*q*0"*9%*$0#(*D*-0(H$69#'%
[=#536(%E* =6(6F#09%E* 4&653)%Ê* 6=050=%* =30")(#?,%* [0]"%'E* =#]"%'Ê* )&.(S2?.(&* [>,)%E
6&9%?,#"^%(*',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*[50,&9%E*56F,E*&6'(.?,%^*50"5%&"%"(*6,''#*96*"0,&&#(,&%E
9d#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%*=0,$6"(*%"50&%*'d6==9#?,%&*f*4%'*-0('*(%9'*?,%*j*'6,5#''0"0'50=%*k*0,
j*|4)'6,5#''#69#')}*k*[OS7SE*=S*UA^S
+%*$%&>%*j*-6"]%&*k*9,#H-l-%*'%&6*&%(&6$6#99)*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*D*j*I6"]%0"'
4,*-6"]%0"*k*[=S*@Q@Ê*j*-6"]%0"'*96*-6"]%*k*[=S*@AXÊ*j*-6"]%0"'H-6"]%0"'*4%*96
-#"6(%*k*[=S*@WQÊ*j*|-6"]%&}*4%*96*-6"]%&#%*k*[=S*TQÊ*j*-6"]%0"'*9d65(%*4%*-6"]%&*k*[=S
@AL^*%(*j*-6"]%0"'*4%*96*-6"]%0""64%*k*[=S*@WQ^S*;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*9d6''05#%&*f*4%'*(%&-%'
',&=&%"6"('* 50--%* 46"'* j* I6"]%0"'* 5#HC0#"(* k* [=S* QL^* -6#'* 6,''#* j* -6"]%u* 4,* >0"* kE
j*-6"]%&*96*(6>9%*kE*j*-6"]%u*(0,(*kE*%(5S*a,6"(*6,g*j*I6"]%,&'*<9,'#%,&'*k*4%*96*=6]%
QLE*#9'*-6"]%"(*"0(6--%"(*96*j*'0,=%*4d65(#0"*kE*9%'*j*56?,%&099%'*4%*-646-%*<#"5%*kE*9%
j*56"6&4*4%*96*56"6&4%*kE*9%*j*=0(*4%*96*=0(%6,F#.&%*kE*96*j*&,>6&>%*4%*&6&>6*kE*9%*j*'6,()*4%
36,(*k*%(*9f*%"50&%*[5FS*',5&%*56"4#E*=#"5%E*56"6&4E*&,>6&>%E*=0(*6,*F%,E*=&0F#(%&09%'E*'6,()
4%*$%6,Ê*9%*&)%9*'%*&%>#FF%*-l-%*'#*0"*-6"]%&6*6,''#*4,*j*$09,-)(&%*k*%(*4%*j*9dr#9*4%*=#F*k
0,E*%"50&%*=9,'*(0=0&#%""%-%"(E*9%*j*-)'%"F6"(*:&,'?,%(*k*%(*j*9d%"F6"(*;,#'()*k*[?,#*%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*,"*%"F6"(H'#"]%*=&053%*4,*0,#'(#(#^S
20,C0,&'*46"'*5%((%*9#'(%E*9%'*I6"]%,&'*<9,'#%,&'*4#&0"(*-6"]%&*4%'*=96('*>%6,50,=
=9,'* 596''#?,%'* -6#'* =6&F0#'* 6""0"5)'* ])")&#?,%-%"(E* 4%* F6b0"* $6],%* %(* '6"'* 6,5,"%
=&)5#'#0"* [5%* ?,#* 6C0,(%* f* 9d#-=&%''#0"* 4d)(&6"]%()* 50-#?,%^* D* j* M0,'* -6"]%0"'* |t}* 9%
9)],-%*|t}E*9%*'6,()*4d6]"%6,*c*"0,'*-6"]%0"'*9%*=96(E*9%*96&4E*9%*$#"E*9%*=6#"*kS*:&%FE*5d%'(*,"
',>(#9*-)96"]%E*'0,$%"(*(&.'*4&s9%*%"(&%*#-6]#"6#&%*%(*&)69#()*[9%*56"6&4*%(*9d6]"%6,*5s(0/6"(
j*9dr#9*4%*=#F*k*%(*9%*j*$09,-.(&%*k^S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*-6"]%*%"50&%*4%'*=96('*#"$%"()'*D*j*G%*-6"]%*4%*96*&%>,FF64%E
4,* &)5695#(&6"(E* ,"%* F0,9%* 4%* -%"'0"]%'* %(* -6* -6"#%* 5#&5,96#&%* k* [=S* @U@^S* a,6"(* f* 96
j*'(0-653%*kE*%99%*)$0?,%*96*(0-6(%*%(*9d)?,#$69%"(*6"]96#'*4,*-0(*%'(0-65*[7SRSE*=S*VU^S
K&V)X%<"*+'%&MO>")'+%#e&%"&H+X"D,#%>&"'.:>Q):+,#%>
7#99%,&'E* 46"'* 4%'* =#.5%'* =9,'* &)5%"(%'E* 0"* =6&9%&6* 4d,"* j* &)F%5(0#&%* -/'()&#%,g* k* [GSNSE
=S* WQÊ* =)&#=3&6'%* F0"5(#0""6"(* =6&F6#(%-%"(* =0,&* ?,69#F#%&* 9dr,$&%* 4%* M0$6&#"6S* O6"'
5%* &)F%5(0#&%E* 0"* '%&$#&6* =6&* %g%-=9%* %(* =0,&* 5#(%&* 4%* "0,$%6,g* =96('* ,"* j* >0,#990"
4d6-%&(,-%* k* [;SNSE* =S* @V@Ê* 4%'* j* `#6"4l-%'* kE* 4%* 96* j* 90=#4056"4,9=3%* 5&,%* 0,
>0,#99#%*k*[;SNSE*=S*QA^*%(*=0,&*F#"#&*,"%*=0)(#?,%*j*B36&90((%*6,g*6"]%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*@XQ^*%(\
0,*,"*j*4%''%&(*%"*F0&-%*4%*/0]30,&(*k*[;SNSE*=S*@QA^S*M0(0"'*%"50&%*5%((%*j*50&>%#99%*k
4%*96*=6]%*WX*[$8*;SRS^*D*j*F&,#(*4%*-0"*96>%,&*kE*j*F&,#(*4%*-0"*-693%,&*kE*j*F&,#(*4%*-0"
>0"3%,&*kE*j*F&,#(*4%*-0"*6''#4,#()*kS
1QL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
O6"'*F&'/#$/*[==S*VVH@AAÊ*0"*6,&6*6,''#*9%*&)5#(*=&%'?,%*#"(#-%*4d,"*=6&50,&'*=%&'0""%9
=9,'*0,*-0#"'*9#)*f*4%'*"0-'*4%*=96('E*-6"#.&%*'#"],9#.&%*4d6==6&%"(%&*96*$#%*3,-6#"%*f*,"
>6"?,%(*4%'*=9,'*>#u6&&%'*D
Sept ans plus tard, un jour d’amour, j’avais mangé du derduloque assis sur du
pain ; puis séjourné en soupe « hachi-bachi », puis m’être nourri vite-fait su’l’gaz,
puis accroché mon paletot à la soupe revite faite, puis enfin mangé une grosse
spà qui me séjourna quatre-vingt-dix-sept fois au milieu d’estomac.
7*96*=6]%*@@U*4%*456*7&'$8*988#E*96*&3)(0&#?,%*%'(*50--%*5%99%*4d,"%*&%5%((%E*-6#'*6==9#?,)%
f*(0,(*6,(&%*530'%*D*j*B0,$&%u*96*&)69#()*4d,"*'65*k*[=,#'*j*80,FF9%u*|t}*kE*j*3,53%u*|t}*kE
j*=0,''%u*|t}*kE*j*N%-=9#''%u*|t}*k^S
7,g* =6]%'* TAHT@* 4%* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&' %"F#"E* #9* /* 6,&6* 50--%* ,"%* 5&#(#?,%* %"
=6''6"(* 4%* 96* j* "0,&&#(,&%* =&)53#)%* k* 40"(* =6&9%* M0#&%(* 46"'* V)9//&' E.7$0#&* D* j* &6]0z(
)59%5(#?,%*kE*j*6"6"6'*%"*=96'(#?,%*kE*j*'6964%*560,(530,5*kE*j*0-%9%((%*6,g*u#]0>96&4'*kE
j*=p(%'H6550&4)0"*kE*j*r,F'*4%*590~"'*kE*j*>#F(.?,%'*(&6"'])"#?,%'*kE*j*-65-#53%'*6,
&6]6* kE* j* 0-%9%((%* N,-#"6(6* k* %(* j* =6(d"6#99%'* f* 9d6-#6"(%* k* D* 6,(6"(* -6"]%&* 4%'* =96('
#-6]#"6#&%'*0,*9%*5r,&*4%*'6*'r,&*[=S*TA*%(*=S*T1^S*+f*%"50&%*%"*%FF%(E*9%*&)%9*F6#(*&%(0,&*%(
4%*F6b0"*4&s9%*%(*(%&&#>9%*[5FS*j*6-#6"(%*kE*j*(&6"'])"#?,%'*k^*c*?,6"(*f*96*&%9#]#0"E*%99%*%'(*9f
6,''#E*j*=6(d"6#99%'*k*)$0?,6"(*$6],%-%"(*0,6#99%'*%(*=6(%"s(&%'S
K&d:%&"'.$+"+*:&.:<+%::%&'%M+>%&.#&Q*t"&$#&_*#'
M0(&%*>,(*)(6"(*6,''#*4%*&%=965%&*9dr,$&%*?,#*"0,'*=&)055,=%*46"'*9d3#'(0#&%*4%*96*9#(()&6(,&%
50-#?,%* E* '#]"690"'* ?,%* 5%'* 4%,g* -0"'(&%'* ?,%* '0"(* N6>%96#'* %(* M0$6&#"6* "%* '0"(
5%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*9%'*'%,9'*f*6$0#&*=&0=0')*4%'*-%",'*#-6]#"6#&%'S*B%,g*4%*20=0&*%(*4%
O,>#996&4*[6C0,(0"'*5%9,#*4d7"4&)*Z&)4)&#?,%^*"0,'*=6&6#''%"(*-l-%*4#]"%'*4%*F#],&%&*46"'
,"*P,#4%*I#53%9#"*<6(6=3/'#?,%E*96*56&(%*4,*=&%-#%&*)(6"(*50"'(#(,)%*4%'*=96('*',#$6"('*D
j* I6-6"* 6,g* &0'%'* >96"53%'E* J0--%* ]&0'* '%9E* P6&4%H536''%* 6,* -64.&%E* :)>)* f* 96
:&#''65E*I/0=%*6,*]&6(#"E*I#''#0""6#&%*%"*3653#'*f*96*536=%9,&%E*2l(%*4%*=6(&0"*46"'*96
=,&)%E*B,#''%'*4%*F#99%'*C6->%'*%"*9d6#&E*B%&$%99%*4%*-%,"#.&%E*B36-=#0"*',&*9%*=04#,-E*Z0#%
4%*',#''%*f*96*=0l9%E*Z0#%*4d30--%*"0&-69E*I%->&%'*-6/0""6#'%E*8(%6n*4%*-6&536"4*4%
$#"E*<6,=#%((%'*4%*F#9%('*4%*=l53%,&*6,g*(&,FF%'E*G0,%'*4,*53%F*',&*56"6=)E*N6#%*6,*>%,&&%
"0#&E* <6()* 4%* 56-=6]"6&4E* :6'?,%'* >6'?,6#'%E* Z#99%((%'* %"* '%&$#%((%E* 80,=%* 6,g* F0,'E
<#%4'*4%*-6C0&%((%'*6,g*r,F'*4,&'E*I0-#%*%"*'6964%E*;&%#99%'*4%*>0g%,&*F6&5#%'E*N%'(%'
@WX
4d6,(0-0>#9#'(%*%"*F&#56'')%E*B0"$#$%*',5&)*k *c*%(*5%99%*4,*'%50"4*4%*=96('*50--%*k*+6
(%&&#"%*4,*53%FE*+%*=#%4*4,*53%FE*+%*-,'%6,*4,*53%FE*+dr#9*4,*53%FE*+%'*(,&?,%&#%'*F6&5#%'*f
96*]&%5?,%E*+%'*'690=%'*-#96"6#'%'E*+6*(&,#(%*4%*853,>%&(E*+6*=0,9%*'69)%*',&*56"6=)E*+6
$#%#99%*6"40,#99%E*+d%'56&]0(*$%",*(0,(*'%,9*',&*50--6"4%E*[L*C0,&'*4d6$6"5%Ê*+6*'6,5#''%*4,
53%F*46"'*'0"*)(,#E*+%*-6(%90(*>&%(0"*%"*3653#'*f*96*'6964%*F#g%E*+6*'6964%*-0>#9%E*+%*B3#&65
'6,5%*-64.&%E*+6*>6"6"%*%"*]0"409%E*+%*>r,F*%"*(,>%E*+%*=6F*4,*53%F*'%90"*]&0''%,&E*+%
@WT
50&"#530"*-6#'0"E*+6*],%,9%*4,*59#%"(E*+%'*F&,#('*4,*96>%,&*kS
8,&(0,(*53%u*20=0&*q*-6#'*6,''#*,"*=%,*53%u*O,>#996&4*[5FS*+%'*'690=%'*-#96"6#'%'E
96*=0,9%*'69)%E*9%*-6(%90(E*%(5SÊ*96*"0,&&#(,&%*=%,(*6$0#&*=6&(#%*9#)%*6$%5*,"*56""#>69#'-%
&%"4,* 50-#?,%S* ;&E* #9* /* 6* 4%* 5%96* 53%u* M0$6&#"6* D* J0--%* B0-%'(#>9%E* %(5S* <0,&(6"(E* 96
'=)5#F#5#()*"0$6&#"#%""%*&)'#4%*'6"'*40,(%*46"'*,"%*6>'(&65(#0"*=9,'*]&6"4%*?,%*53%u*20=0&
%(*O,>#996&4S
@WX
**N096"4*20=0&E*4.'*#$/$8&'*.88$=.:&E*<0#"('H8%,#9E*@VLT*[#9*'d6]#(*4d,"*-%",*&%50"'(#(,)*=6&*"0'*'0#"'*f*=6&(#&*4%'*=96('*=&0=0')'
bf*%(*9f*46"'*9d0,$&6]%*%"*?,%'(#0"^S
@WT
**N096"4*O,>#996&4E*@$.=:90#&/E*j*7,*&%'(6,&6"(*kE*Z09#0HP699#-6&4E*@VLVE*==S*XAHX@HX1S
1QV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
RKOKVK&]%:*-&'P2'E%-&%(&'P*B-()*"(2#/O.'*4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#AE*5%((%*(3)-6(#?,%*6==6&6w(E*96*'09#(,4%*&64#569%*4,*C%*)(6"(*%"
=6&(#%*&%"4,%*=0''#>9%*=6&*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*F0#*D*j*Gd6#*-6"])*O#%,*3,#(*6"'*4,&6"(*k*[=S
VV^* -6#'* 0"* =0,&&6* 6,''#* j* -6"]%&* 4%* 96* '5#%"5%* k* c* 6,(&%'* -0469#()'* D* j* 5&0?,%&* 4%'
%&&%,&'*k*[BSJSE*=S*XXÊ*j*-6"]%&*4,*'0,$%"#&*k*[BSJSE*=S*TVÊ*j*-6"]%&*|t}*4%*9d65(#0"*k*[BSJSE
=S*TV^*0,*j*-6"]%&*(0,(%*96*]6--%*4%'*)-0(#0"'*?,#*-d)(6#%"(*=&)4%'(#")%'*k*[`SaSE*=S
WTÊ*,"%*4%*5%'*-)(6=30&%'E*j*-6"]%&*4%*96*'0,FF&6"5%*k*[BSJSE*=S*QTUÊ*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f
&6==&053%&*4%*96*j*4)=&%''#0"*"%&$%,'%*%"*50"'%&$%*k*[5d%'(*9d%"(&)%Ê*4%*96*j*4)=&%''#0"
"%&$%,'%*4,*53%FE*5d%'(*f*4#&%*F6#(%*-6#'0"*k*[5d%'(*9%*=96(*4%*&)'#'(6"5%^*&l$)%'*=6&*B9)-%"(
N0''%(*[(%&&#>9%*-%",*)$0?,)*46"'*,"*C0,&"69E*Q9#7&/'(&'8#$7','I%$/9(&/'*:$8$"#&/E*0o*#9
&650"(%*%"50&%*D*j*8()=36"%*(&0,$%*9%*-%",*f*'6*50"$%"6"5%E*-6#'*-0#*C%*(&0,$%*?,d#9*/*6
(0,(*4%*-l-%*(&0=*4%*4)=&%''#0"*k^S
B0--%* 46"'* 9%* 564&%* 4d,"%* 0=)&6(#0"* -6(3)-6(#?,%E* 5%'* -6"]%&#%'* [\536"]%&#%'^
=0,&&0"(*4)>0,53%&*',&*6,(&%*530'%E*4d6,(&%'*=%&5%=(#0"'*D*j*-6"]%6"(*9%*&%-0&4'*6$%5*9%
=0#''0"E*Cd%"*4)4,#'#'*,"%*$,%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1T@^S
20,(%'*5%'*=&0=0'#(#0"'*'0"(*'0,$%"(*(&.'*6>'(&6#(%'**q*j*9d%'=65%*%(*9%*(%-='*'0"(*4%
96*-6(#.&%*4d#5#E*-6"]%0"'H%"*9%*50"(%"6"(*k*[GSNSE*=S*XX^*q*-l-%*'#E*%"*F0"5(#0""6"(*6$%5
46"'*96*(l(%*4%'*56()]0&#%'*=3#90'0=3#?,%'E*,"%*=3&6'%*50--%*j*9d%'=65%*%'(*-0"*69#-%"(*k
* * =%,(* '%* 50-=&%"4&%* 50--%* D* 9%'* 530'%'* ?,#* -d%"(0,&%"(* -%* "0,&&#''%"(* f* 9d0556'#0"S
3(&?*=0,&*9d#4)%*4d,"*j*&)%9*?,#*'%*-6"]%&6#(*kE*50--%*9%'*-6&536"4#'%'*=&0=0')%'*=6&
j*<&#',=0F*k*[GS8SE*=S*Q@^S*Bd%'(*?,d#9*/*6*&)5#=&05#()E*%"(&6#4%E*)536"]%*4%*>0"'*=&05)4)'*D
j*N%=&04,5(#0"*4,*-0"4%*6*%,*9#%,*=6&*9%'*0&#F#5%'*%(*9%*-6"]%6]%*4,*-0"4%*6*%,*9#%,*=6&
"0'*65(#0"'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@X^*D*$0#9f*%"*=6&(#%*%"*?,0#*50"'#'(%*9%*j*-/'(.&%*4%*-6"]%&*kS
+d#4)%* (&.'* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4%* j-6"]%&* 46"'* '0"* %'=&#(* k* '%* &%(&0,$%* ,"* =%,* 46"'* 5%
50"'%#9*D*j*8#9%"5%E*)50,(0"'*9%'*-6"]%0#&%'*4%*"0'*5%&$%6,gE*%"(%"4%u*50--%*9%*(%-='
%'(*&6=#4%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@U1^*D*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%E*0"*'d%"(%"4*-6"])E*%"*(&6#"*4dl(&%*-6"])*['#
9%'*-p530#&%'*'0"(*'6536"(%'*f*5%(*)]6&4E*5d%'(*?,d%99%'*'6$%"(*=%&(#"%--%"(*50--%"(*(0,(
5%96*F0"5(#0""%^S
R5#*[0"* %'(*6,*(3)p(&%Ê*96*"0,&&#(,&%*%'(*%"* >0#'* %(* G%6"* ?,#* 50&4%* "0,'* 9%* &6==%99%* D
j*M0,'*>,$0"'*4,*F6,g*$#"E*"0,'*-6"]%0"'*4,*F6,g*=6#"E*"0,'*=&0"0"b0"'*4%'*F6,''%'
=6&09%'* k* [j* `0,'* =0,$%u* /* 699%&* D* 5d%'(* 4,* F6,g* =6#"3E* 4,* F6,g* $#"3E* =0,&* "0,&&#&* $0'
F6,g*50&='*6$%5*4,*&#%"S*N3#%"S*k^*-6#'*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*46"'*9%*'%"'*0oE*50--%*9%
B36"(&%*['d%g=&#-6"(*C,'(%*6=&.'*G%6"^*"0,'*9d%g=9#?,%E*j*|"0,'}*-6"]%0"'*=6&*9d0&#F#5%*4,
96"]6]%*(0,(%*96*-6(#.&%*4,*-0"4%*5&))*=6&*O#%,*#5#*&)=6"4,%*k*[=S*@UW^S*Bd%'(*,"*&6==%9
4,*&s9%*40,>9%*?,%*C0,%*96*>0,53%*',&*96*'5."%*4,*-0"4%*D*=6&9%&*%(*-6"]%&*q*4%,g*65(#0"'
$090"(#%&'*50"F0"4,%'*53%u*M0$6&#"6*[#9*=0,&&6#(*)5&#&%*e=6&9%&H-6"]%&eÊ*5%*4%&"#%&*)-%((6"(
-l-%*9d3/=0(3.'%*=6(6=3/'#?,%*4%*>0,53%'*'6$6"(%'E*4%*-p530#&%'*'6536"(%'*$0#&%*4%
=6"')%*%(*4d0&#F#9'**50"'5#%"('S
RKOKcK&Y*/0%)2%&-*/-&5#/'%&%(&)2:*2$$%-&'%&/E*/(
I6(#.&%* 0,* ")6"(* D* ?,d#-=0&(%E* (0,(* F6#(* $%"(&%* =0,&* 9%* =%&'0""6]%* "0$6&#"#%"* c* (0,(* %'(
6>'0&>)E* #"50&=0&)E* -l-%* 9%* &#%"* ?,#E* =6&640g69%-%"(E* '%* -6"]%* 6,''#* q* $(&?* =0,&* 96
>,)%*D*j*-6"]%0"'*4%*96*>,)%*[NSE*=S*@@U^S*Bd%'(*?,%*9%*j*-0"4%*0o*"0,'*'0--%'*=&#'*6
)()*-#'*50"(#",%99%-%"(*f*-6"]%&*k*[BJSE*=S*@Q@^*%(*#9*'%&6*40"5*4#(*4d746-*?,d#9*-6"]%
j*96*-6(#.&%*kE*j*96*9,-#.&%*k*%(*j*96*=0,''#.&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@Q@^*c*>&%FE*+d7"#-69*4,*(%-='
%'(*,"*0-"#$0&%*?,#*'d#]"0&%S
1WA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
R5#E*96*=0,''#.&%*'%&6*,"%*-)(6=30&%*=&#$#9)]#)%*D*j*I0&4&%*=0,''#.&%E*b6*-d%g6'=.&%*\
Bd%'(*=6'*,"*4)C%,"%&*kS*O6"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@ALÊ*0"*#&6*-l-%*53%u*j*-6"]%H=0,''#.&%*k*[=,#'E
=9,'* &0>0&6(#$%-%"(E* j* 53%u* -6"]%&H96H>0,96"].&%* k^S* 7,''#* >#%"E* 0"* =0,&&6* j* |40""%&}
f* -6"]%&* 4,* &#%"* f* '6* -6#"* k* [;SRSE* =S* 1UÊ* -)(6=30&%* )$0?,6"(* ,"* =%,* 9d)(&6"]%* e-6#"
>0,53,%e* ?,%* 9d0"* $0#(* 46"'* 4&' K.80' (5#8' %9G7&* 4%* G%6"* B05(%6,S* O6"'* F&' /#$/* [==S
@WQH@WWÊ*0"*6,&6*5%((%*&)$)96(#0"*D*j*<,#'*C%*-d6=%&b,'*?,%*9%*")6"(*)(6#(*4,*&#%"*|t}*790&'*C%
-6"]%6#*(0,(*9%*")6"(*kS*;"*=0,&&6*40"5*'%*]0&]%&*4%*$#4%E*'%*&%=6w(&%*4%*F,-)%*%(*'%*9#$&%&
f*4%'*j*N#=6#99%'*4%*")6"(*k*[;SRSE*=S*1WÊ*56'*)(&6"]%*4%*j*-6"]%&#%*'6"'*-0"4%*k*[BSJSE
=S*TXÊ*'6"'*&)%9E*'6"'*-6(#.&%E*'6"'*&)69#()S
86"'*&)69#()*h*B%96*4)=%"4*4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%*c*'#*5%*-0"4%*f*-6"]%&*%'(*$,*50--%
4d%''%"5%E*4d0&#]#"%*4#$#"%E*690&'*9%*&%=6'*%'(*=0''#>9%E*'=#&#(,%99%-%"(*=6&96"(*D*O#%,*%'(*j*,"
$#4%*?,%*9d30--%*40#(*-6"]%&*k*[2S<SE*=S*@WQ^S
RKOKqK&,%&[&5=-(7)%&'%&5*/0%)&\
R5#E* 9%* -0(* -/'(.&%* q* j* 96* "0,&&#(,&%* ?,#* %'(* )"#]-%* k* 4#'6#(* 9%* `69%&/* 4%* L&:' "#&:' [$8
j* N3,->'* k^* q* 5%* -/'(.&%* %'(* f* -%((&%* #5#* %"* &%96(#0"* 6$%5* 9d#4)%* 4%* ['^5."%* %(* 4%
&%=&)'%"(6(#0"E*9%*(3)p(&%*)(6"(*9%*9#%,*0o*j*9d30--%*6$0,%*f*9d30--%*?,d#9*)=&0,$%*-l-%
6==)(#(* f* $#$&%* ?,df* -0,&#&* k* [BSJSE* =S* WXX^S* 8d%g=&#-%&6#(* 40"5* 6,''#* ,"* 4)'#&* 4%* -0&(E
,"%*-0&(*?,d0"*6((%"4*6$%5*]0,&-6"4#'%E*50--%*9%*=9,'*-/'()&#%,g*4%'*=96('S*7,*F0"4E*9%
-/'(.&%*4%*-6"]%&E*5d%'(*5%*?,#*"0,'*6((%"4*f*96*F#"*4,*&%=6'S
8d#9*/*6*,"*j*-/'(.&%*4%*-6"]%&*k*?,#E*#9*/*6*=%,(Hl(&%*6,''#*,"*-/'(.&%*4dl(&%*-6"])*%(
4%*'%*$0#&*j*(,)*6$%5*6-0,&*kE*&)$)96(#0"*?,#*F#(*4#&%*f*:%"C6-#"*<)&%(*k*+%*-/'(.&%*-6"]%
"0(&%*>%%FH'(%6n*kE*6,(&%*-6"#.&%*4%*'#]"#F#%&*?,%*96*9,-#.&%*",#(*%(*?,%*9%*(%-='*"0,'*(,%
6$%5*6-0,&[\]0,&-6"4#'%^S
7,* F0"4E* #9* /* 6* -/'(.&%* )]69* f* -6"]%&* %(* f* =6&9%&* -l-%* 'd#9* 50"$#%"(* 4d)(6>9#&
4d#-=0&(6"(%'*4#'(#"5(#0"'*50--%*9d6,(%,&*'d/*%-=90#%*6,g*=6]%'*@ALH@AV*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&
:5+9??&*c*5d%'(*%"*=6&09%'*%(*%"*%'=&#(*?,%*'d0=.&%*9%*&%=6'*%(*?,d#9*0=.&%*9%*-0"4%S*B%
?,#*0=.&%*6,''#E*5d%'(*9%*536&-%*50-#?,%*4%*(0,(%'*5%'*)$056(#0"'E*?,#*"0,'*F0"(*$0#&*96
&)69#()* ?,0(#4#%""%* 4,* &%=6'* 50--%* ,"%* &%=&)'%"(6(#0"* (3)p(&69%* c* f* 9%,&['^* -6"#.&%['Ê
4%'*6&(#'(%'*6,''#*4#FF)&%"('*?,%*N6>%96#'E*20=0&E*:)&0694%E*I6&50*Z%&&%&#E*O,>#996&4E*O69#E
<)(&0"%E*:,",%9E*P&%%"6~6/E*B36>&09*0,*B96,4%*86,(%(*[?,#E*46"'*(0,'*'%'*F#9-'E*6550&46#(
>%6,50,=*4d#-=0&(6"5%*6,g*'5."%'*4%*&%=6'^*%"*%,&%"(*)]69%-%"(*9d#"(,#(#0"*-6#'*5d%'(*'6"'
40,(%*M0$6&#"6E*9%*=9,'*0>'%''#0""%9*4%*(0,'E*?,#*6,&6*e=0,'')*9%*>0,530"e*9%*=9,'*90#"S
RKRK&Y*/0%1)-&%(&5*/0ERKOKOK&x9#/&6#)*"%.&6#)*"231%&%(&L%*/XZ)*/a#2-&J2(*/"%
;"0-6'(#?,%* %(* "0,&&#(,&%* 0"(* '0,$%"(* =6&(#%* 9#)%* D* 46"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#A* =6&
%g%-=9%E*0"*5&0#'%&6*j*G%6"*;-"#$0&%*k*[=S*@Q@^*%(*j*G%6"*?,#*-p53%*k*[=S*1XQ^S*O6"'
4&' @).?&' (&' :.' ;$&E* 0,(&%* j* G%6"* 9d;-"#$0&%* kE* 9%* j* I6"]%,&* 746-* k* %(* 9djJ0--%
B0-%'(#>9%* kE* 0"* 6,&6* j* +%* 2&0,* I#6-* k* [=S* @AÊ* j* +0-"#$0&%* k* [=S* 1AL* %(* =S* 1AV^* %(
j*`0&65#?,%*k*[=S*1AV^*%(*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*D*j*x$0"*`0&65%*k*[=S*@V1Ê*9%*j*",#'%,&
4%*=96('*k*[=S*@VXÊ*9%*j*I6"]%,&*<9,&#%9*k*[=S*QW@Ê*9%*j*I6"]%,&*8%,9*k*[=S*QTQÊ*9%*j*-6"]%,&
-0&5%6,* k* [=S* @AÊ* 9%* j* -6"]%,&* f* 96* 536&&%((%* k* [=S* @Q1Ê* j* +6* >0,53%* 0,$%&(%* k* [=S
@ALÊ*j*G%6"HZ&6"b0#'*<#(6"5%*k*[=S*1WXÊ*j*G%6"*4%*+0,#$#6"4&%*k*[=S*@V@^*%(*j*G%6"*4%
;,#0,#$#6"4&%*k*[=S*@V@^*q*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*j*G%6"*9%*N0"]#6?,%*k*[?,#*j*=&#%*9d%'=65%*k*f
96*=6]%*@Q1*4,*Q&%./^S
1W@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
a,6"(*6,*j*-6"]%,&*'=#&#(,%9*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@AÊ*5d%'(*,"%*'0&(%*4d0g/-0&%*%(*0"*&%5%"'%
%"50&%*4%'*'0&(%'*4%*50,$%&('*$#$6"('E*j*86*5,#99.&%*%(*'0"*50,(%6,*k*[BSJSE*=S*UV^*)(6"(
4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*f*=6&(*%"(#.&%*%(*40,)'*4%*=6&09%*(6"4#'*?,%*j*G%6"*N%'(6,&6"(*k*[BSJSE
=S*@WX^*F6#(*'6"'*40,(%*=6&(#%*4%*96*(&#>,*4%'*j*30--%'H&%'(6,&6"('*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WT^S
O6"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@1Ê*#9*/*6,&6*,"*j*G%6"*I6"]%&*k*%(*,"*j*G%6"*I6"]%40,u%*k*&),"#''6"(
9%'*6=s(&%'*%"*,"*'%,9*%(*-l-%*=%&'0""6]%*?,#*-6"]%&6#(*50--%*40,u%S*a,6"(*f*G%6"
P90,(0"*[$8*`SaSÊ*=%,(Hl(&%*=&)'#4%H(H#9*96*B."%S*7,(&%*6=s(&%E*96*O6-%*7,(05)=369%*[;SRSE*=S
T1^*=6&9%*]6#%-%"(*4,*B3&#'(*-6#'*'0"*-%''6]%*"%*=6''%*],.&%*D*j*7&&#.&%*m*6&&#.&%*D*0"*"%
-6"]%*=6'*4d5%*=6#"H9f*kE*6,(&%*-6"#.&%*4%*C0,%&*6$%5*,"%*&3)(0&#?,%*50"",%S*K$0?,0"'
%"50&%* 9%* j* I6"]%,&* ;,&6"#?,%* k* [GSNSE* =S* @AÊ* 9%* j* I6"]#&#%&* ;96-* k* [7SRSE* =S* V^* %(* 9%'
j*;-"#$0&%'*<09/'5#%"('*k*[7SRSE*=S*QT^S
;"*=%,(*&%-6&?,%&*?,d%"*&.]9%*])")&69%E*9%'*"0-'*'d6==9#?,%"(*=9,'*f*4%'*-6"]%,&'
?,df*4%'*-6"])'*D*5%96*$6*4%*=6#&*6$%5*96*$090"()*4d30--%&*[%(*40"5*4%*-6"]%&^*?,#*6"#-%
96*=9,=6&(*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*D*#9*F6,(*=%,(Hl(&%*/*$0#&*9%*'#]"%*?,d0"*"%*'%*96#''%*=6'*5&0?,%&\
5&#-%&* 50--%* 5%96S* <0,&* %"* =6&9%&* %"* (%&-%'* =9,'* 596#&%-%"(* '64#%"'E* 4#'0"'* ?,%* 9%* C%
"0$6&#"#%"*&%''%->9%*=9,'*f*G,9#%((%*?,df*G,'(#"%*5%*?,#*"%*9d%-=l53%*=6'*4%*'%*F6#&%*5&#-%&[\
-6"]%&^*(0,(*4%*-l-%*q*%(*5d%'(*6#"'#*?,%*j*+d7->&#4%*4%*<6"(,&%*5&#-%*+0-"#$0&%*k*[OS`SE
=S*1AV^S*B%96*4#(*[96*=6&%"(3.'%*"0,'*=6&6w(*,(#9%Ê*9%*5&#-6]%*[$8*OS`S*"0(6--%"(^*=&)'%"(%
#5#* ,"* 5s()* =0'#(#F* =,#'?,d#9* 4)>0,53%* =&%'?,%* (0,C0,&'* ',&* 96* "6#''6"5%* 4d,"* (#%&'* c* 5d%'(
50--%*,"%*0=)&6(#0"*-6(3)-6(#?,%*D*j*i*5&#-%*xE*"6#''6"5%*4%*_*kE*4#'=0'#(#F*6''%u*F#g%
?,%*"0,'*6,&#0"'*=,*)$0?,%&*=&)5)4%--%"(S
RKRKRK&[&Y*/0%b&'%-&#1)-&i&\
+d0>'%''#0"*56""#>69%*"d)(6#(*=0,&(6"(*=6'*9%*=&0=&%*4%*N6>%96#'*[0,*690&'*9d30--%*#"])&)
&%''0&(* $8' E$8&* 50--%* G0"6'* %(* <#"0553#0* &%5&653)'* =6&* 96* :69%#"%^* c* 53%u* 5%* 4%&"#%&E
96* -6"]%&#%* -0"'(&,%,'%* 'd6==9#?,%&6* =9,'* $090"(#%&'* f* 9d6"#-69#()* 50--%* 6,* 4)>,(* 4,
-.87.0)#&:*0o*0,&'*%(\0,*$653%'*j*F6#'0#%"(*k*9%*&)]69*4,*"0,&&#''0"*D
[…] quelque foys que un grand ours, que nourrissoit son père eschappa, et luy
venoict lescher le visaige (car les nourrisses ne luy avoient bien à poinct torché
les babines), il se deffist desdictz cables aussi facilement que Samson d’entre les
Philistins, et vous print Monsieur de l’Ours, et le mit en pièces comme un poulet,
147
et vous en fit une bonne gorge chaulde pour ce repas.
R99,'(&6"(*5%*(/=%*4d%FF%('*4%*4#'=&0=0&(#0"E*P,'(6$%*O0&)*[?,%*9d%"(#%&*Z&6"b0#'*:0"*'%->9%
"d6#-%&*],.&%^*=&0=0'6*4d6#99%,&'*4%'*4%''#"'*0o*96*-6"]%&#%*)(6#(*=9,'*',]])&)%*?,%*53%u
P0/6*0o*%99%*%'(*(%&&#>9%-%"(E*6(&05%-%"(*%FF%5(#$%S*7*9d0556'#0"E*M0$6&#"6*)$0?,%&6*5%*(/=%
4%*&%=6'*-0"'(&,%,g*D*j*-6"])*?,#"u%*$%6,g*k*[OS7SE*=S*Q@X^*q*%(*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*9%*'90]6"
j*I6"]%u*4%'*0,&'*k*[;SRSE*=S*QL^*?,#*'%->9%*F6#&%*)530*6,*&%=6'*4%*<6"(6]&,%9S
<0,&(6"(E* %"* &.]9%* ])")&69%E* 9d0>'%''#0"* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4%* 96* "0,&&#(,&%* "%* 50"5%&"%
=6'* 9d6"#-69* $#$6"(* -6#'* >%9* %(* >#%"* 9d30--%* q* %(* 0"* "%* '%* 50"(%"(%* =6'* 4%* 96
=0--%* 4d746-* [5d%'(* f* 4#&%* 4%* '6* (l(%^* 56&* #5#* 5d%'(* 9dl(&%* 3,-6#"* %"(#%&* ?,#* %'(* ],%(()
[46-059%''#%""%-%-%"(E*=0,&&6#(H0"*4#&%Ê*=6&*9d30&&%,&*4%*96*-6"]%&#%*c*5d%'(*?,%*$#%#99#&E
5d%'(* l(&%* -6"])* ,"* =%,* q* 96* -)(6=30&%* 4,* (%-='* &0]"6"(* "0(&%* 6$0#&* &%C0#]"6"(* 5%99%
[,(#9#')%*"0(6--%"(*=6&*N096"4*O,>#996&4^*4%*9d30--%*$,*50--%*,"%*5#]6&%((%*F,-)%*=6&
O#%,* q* 5%* ?,#E* ]6#"'>0,&#%""%-%"(* =6&96"(E* 6==6&%"(%&6#(* 9d30--%* f* ,"* 5#]6&%* 4%* (/=%
eJ6$6"%eS
147
&V.H%-.+>?&;.:".Q'#%-?&L%&-+A'%&$%&/*<(%?&;.'+>?&0125?&//F&2042542JF
1W1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
O6"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@Q1Ê*0"*6""0"5%&6E*50--%*=0,&*,"*-%",E*4%'*j*-6"]%,&'*k*?,#
"%*'0"(*6,(&%'*?,%*4%'*-6"])'*%"*=,#''6"5%E*4%'*F,(,&'*-6"])'*q*=6&*'0#*0,*=6&*6,(&,#S
I6#'*0"*=%,(*6,''#*50-=&%"4&%E*%(*5%((%*3/=0(3.'%*(#%"(*=%,(Hl(&%*-#%,g*96*&0,(%E*?,%*9%'
$&6#'*69#-%"('*'0"(*#5#*9%'*-0('*q*0,*?,d0"*=%,(*-6"]%&*9%*-0"4%*46"'*'0"*%'=&#(S*7,*F0"4
%(*5%96*4#(E*96*"0$6&#(,&%*50"5%&"%*',&(0,(*96*96"],%*%(*5d%'(*=0,&?,0#*0"*=%,(*=6&9%&*4d,"%
$)&#(6>9%*-6"]%&#%H=6&9%&#%*53%u*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*c*"d0,>9#0"'*=6'*?,%*j*|96}*=6&09%*%'(*,"%
"0,&&#(,&%*kE*5%*?,#*&%C0#"(*>#%"*'z&*96*"0(#0"*>#>9#?,%*4%*-6"4,56(#0"*4%*96*=6&09%*['6"'
0,>9#%&*9%*&s9%*?,%*C0,%*9%*$#"*46"'*96*9#(,&]#%*53&)(#%""%^S
RKRKUK&I$&/%&4*1(&:*-&B#2)%&-#/&:)#"<*2/
B3%u*M0$6&#"6E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d0"*'%*"0,&&#''%*',&(0,(*4d6,(&,#*%(*5d%'(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%*96
=#'(%* 4,* $6-=#&#'-%* ?,d#9* "0,'* F6,4&6#(* %g=90&%&S* B0--%* f* 96* =6#99%E* 0"* =&)9.$%* 4,* '0#* f
6,(&,#*6F#"*4%*j*|$#$&%}*4%*$#%'*$#(%*>,%'*k*[GS8SE*=S*XUÊ*96*$#5(#-%*)(6"(*=6&F0#'*50"'%"(6"(%*D
j* ;&%#99%E* $#%"'* -%* >0#&%* 96* (l(%* '#* (,* )50,(%'* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1XV^S* +dr,F* ]0>)* =0,&&6* "0"
'%,9%-%"(*9dl(&%*=6&*'0#*-6#'*-l-%*l(&%*'0#*46"'*,"%*5%&(6#"%*-%',&%*D*j*Cd6#*|t}*>,*9d6"#-69
?,#*%'(*46"'*-6*=%6,*k*[OS7SE*=S*@VL^S*;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*j*|"d6'=#&%&}*&#%"*?,%*4%'*%&&%,&'*k
%(* j* |6$6$69%&}* (0,(* f* 9d%"$%&'* k* [OS7SE* =S* WT^S* O6"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&E* 0"* =6&9%&6* 4%
j*&%]6&4'*6$69)'*k*[=S*@QU^*%(*4d,"*j*9#%,*|t}*?,%*"0,'*6$690"'*k*[1VLÊ*9d6,(%,&*)$0?,6"(
4)5#4)-%"(*(0,(%'*9%'*-0469#()'*4d#"]%'(#0"*[-6"]%&E*>0#&%E*6$69%&E*5&0?,%&E*%(5SE*%(5S^S
+6* -)(6=30&%* 9#?,#4%* %'(* '6"'* 40,(%* f* -%((&%* %"* &%96(#0"* 6$%5* 9%* -/'(.&%* 4%* 96
50--,"#0"*D*j*C%*50,=6*O#%,*4%*-0#E*%(*Cd%"*F#'*,"*]&6"4*'6"]*?,%*C%*>,$#'*k*[OS7SE*=S*QA@Ê
e'%*F6#&%*4,*-6,$6#'*'6"]e*%(*e'%*F6#&%*,"*'6"]*4d%"5&%e*)(6"(*#5#*=9,'*0,*-0#"'*&%(&6$6#99)'
[4%*-l-%E*9d#4)%*4%*50,=%&*O#%,*'d6==9#?,%*=%,(Hl(&%*6,*$#"E*=6&F0#'*50,=)*6$%5*4%*9d%6,^S
!"*5%&(6#"*$6-=#&#'-%*"d%'(*40"5*>#%"*'z&*=6'*90#"*D*j*C%*4)'#&%*$0(&%*'6"]*k*[BSJSE*=S*QXV^S
<6&F0#'E*96*'0#F*'%*50"F0"4&6*6$%5*96*F6#-*%(*0"*$%&&6*[$8*;SRSE*=S*WU^*,"*53#%"*-0&4&%*4%*96
'0#F*['#5^S*7#99%,&'E*0"*=&0=3)(#'%&6*D*j*`0(&%*'0#F*6,&6*'0#F*4%*-l-%H96H'0#F*D*56&*$0,'*l(%'*9%
I6"]%,&*I0",-%"(*kE*=3&6'%*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*'#>/99#"%S
;"*=0,&&6*6,''#*530#'#&*4%*'%*>0#&%*'0#H-l-%*-6#'*46"'*5%*56'E*5%*?,d0"*>0#(E*5d%'(
=%,(Hl(&%*4,*>0#'*D*j*+6*',#(%*4%*-0#*%'(*%"*>0#'S*I6#"(%"6"(*C%*9%*>0#'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WV^*-6#'
#9*'%*=%,(*40"5*?,%*5%96*j*50-=(%*=0,&*4,*>0#'*k*c*6,(&%*%g%-=9%*D*j*M0,'*6$0"'*(0,'*(&.'
'0#F*4%*=9,''%*4%*"0,'*k*[;SNSE*=S*@AA^S
B0--%"(*)(6"53%&*5%((%*'0#F*h*7,(&,#*%'(*,"%*'09,(#0"*c*#9*F6,(*=6''%&*=6&*6,(&,#*=0,&
50"(#",%&*f*l(&%*'0#E*'%*4)$%90==%&E*'%*&%=&04,#&%E*%(5S*K"*5%96E*#9*/*6*50"'0--6(#0"*4d6,(&,#E
>0#''0"*%(*-6"]%&#%*q*%(*4%*'0#*=6&*6,(&,#S*j*:0#&%*O#%,*%"*'0#*k*%'(*,"%*6,(&%*=0''#>#9#()*D
|t}* 569#5%* >,* 6$%5* 96* 9#%* |t}E* C%* -%* >0#'* (0#H-l-%E* 50--%* 9d%6,* 6* >,* 96* '0#FS* k* [7SRSE* =S
@U@^*D*'#*O#%,*%'(*,"%*%''%"5%E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,d#9*%'(*9#?,#4%*%(*$096(#9*50--%*4,*]6'0#9
q*?,6"(*f*"0,'E*"0,'*'%&#0"'*40"5*50--%*4%'*$)3#5,9%'*?,#*56&>,&%&6#%"(*f*O#%,*c*46"'
5%((%*0=(#?,%E*96*j*8(6(#0"*O,"90=*k*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*,"%*'0&(%*4d)]9#'%*0o*9d0"*$6*F6#&%*9%*=9%#"E
9%*',=%&*'d6==%96"(*O#%,S
R9* '%->9%* ?,%* 'd6,(0* ',FF#&%* %'(* 50-=9#?,)S* a,6"(* f* j* ?,#((%* 96* '0#F* m* "%* >0#'* =9,'* 9%
'6"]* k* [OS7SE* =S* @XQÊ* 9%* 50"'%#9* %'(* 4#FF#5#9%* f* ',#$&%E* ',&(0,(* =0,&* ?,#* 6* =&#'* ]0z(* [9d#4)%
%'(* %-=&,"()%* f* ,"* (#(&%* 4%* O,>#996&4^* f* j* >0#&%* '0"* =&0536#"* k* q* e7'=#&%* [\7>'0&>%\
P0>%\B0"'0--%^* (0"* =&0536#"* 50--%* (0#H-l-%e* )(6"(* ,"%* $6&#6(#0"* f* 96?,%99%* 9d6,(%,&
[=6&04#6"(*$090"(#%&'*96*F6-%,'%*=3&6'%*4,*B3&#'(^*"d6*=6'*=%"')S
RKRKVK&S)*/'&0#B*/(&%(&Y*/0%1)-&>1)*/231%-
1WQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
K&LW*MH'%&$%&-W*Q'%
B%* '%&6#(* f* 4)$%90==%&* -6#'* #9* "0,'* '%->9%* ?,%* 96* -6"#.&%* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4d)$0?,%&* 96
"0,&&#(,&%*%'(*%"50&%*=9,'*(0,&")%*q*-6#'*50-#?,%-%"(*[5d%'(*(0,(*9%*=6&640g%^*q*$%&'*96
-0&(S*B%&(%'*0"*=%,(*6,''#*'%"(#&*5%96*46"'*9dr,$&%*4%*N6>%96#'*[r,$&%*0oE*50--%*46"'
5%99%*4%*836n%'=%6&%E*(0,(*'%*(#%"(^*-6#'*46"'*,"%*=&0=0&(#0"*-0#"4&%S*<0,&(6"(E*<6"*%(
O#0"/'0'E*?,#*0"(*9%,&'*u0"%'*4d0->&%'*[$#09'*4%*"/-=3%'E*%(5S^*%(*9%'*-l-%*50&"%'*?,%
9%*4#6>9%E*"%*'%&0"(*=6'*6>'%"('*[=6&*9%*>#6#'*4,*&#&%*"0(6--%"(^*4,*>6"?,%(*"0$6&#"#%"E
>6"?,%(*?,#*=0,&&6*=6&F0#'*"0,'*&6==%9%&*9d6&(*=#5(,&69*4d,"*P0/6*?,#E*50--%*0"*9%*'6#(E*6
=,*&%=&)'%"(%&*4%'*-6"]%&#%'*0,&6"#?,%'S*:%6,50,=*=9,'*>0"*%"F6"(E*0"*50""6w(*,"*4%''#"
4%*O0&)*#99,'(&6"(*N6>%96#'*%(*?,#*&%"4*50-=(%*4d,"%*'#(,6(#0"*56,53%-6&4%'?,%E*4,*=0#"(
4%*$,%*4%*5%9,#*?,#*"d%'(*=6'*4,*>0"*5s()*4%*96*F0,&53%((%S*<%&&6,9(E*%"F#"E*46"'*4&'-&7$7
-9#*&7*[40"(*"0,'*&%=6&9%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4^*"0,'*=&0=0'%&6E*9,#E*,"%*-6"]%&#%*4d0]&%*(%99%*?,%
',]])&)%* =6&* ,"* 6,(&%* 4%''#"* 4%* P,'(6$%* O0&)* 0o* 9d0"* $0#(* 4%'* %"F6"('* %''6/6"(* 4%* '%
5653%&*=0,&*)$#(%&*4%*'%*F6#&%*4)$0&%&S*7,(6"(*4dr,$&%'*f*&6==&053%&*4,*&6==0&(*"0$6&#"#%"
f* 96* "0,&&#(,&%* q* -6#'* #9* "0,'* F6,4&6* =%,(Hl(&%* =9,'* (6&4* ",6"5%&* "0(&%* =&0=0'* %"* "0,'
=%"536"(*',&*96*4#-%"'#0"*=9,'*)$#4%--%"(*50-#?,%*4%'*-6"]%&#%'*"0$6&#"#%""%'S*<0,&
9d#"'(6"(E*&%5%"'0"'*4d6,(&%'*F#],&%'*)-#"%--%"(*0]&%'?,%'*c*0"*%"*(&0,$%*"0(6--%"(*46"'
4&'@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*D*j*Gd6#*5&0#')*3#%&*9%*=%(#(*J,],%'*|t}*C%*9,#*6#*-6"])*96*-6#"*|t}S
G%*9d6#*(,)*%(*4#])&)*=0,&*-%*&%"0,&&#&*4%*'0"*l(&%*k*[=S*QA1^*kS
Il-%* '#* 9d0"* /* =6&9%* 4,* -l-%* ',C%(E* 9d30&&%,&* '64#%""%* f* 9dr,$&%* 46"'* ,"* &0-6"
50"(%-=0&6#"* 50--%* 9%* @).098' )9#0&* 4%* 230-6'* J6&&#'* [0o* 9d0]&%* %'(* ,"* /&)$.:2
Z$::&)*=6&(#5,9#.&%-%"(*=%&$%&'^*'%&6*#5#*4)'6-0&5)%*=6&*96*-6"#.&%*(0,C0,&'*3,-0&#'(#?,%
4d)$0?,%&* 56""#>69#'-%* %(* j* 0]&%&#%* k* c* 4%* =9,'E* 5d%'(* '0,$%"(* =6(6=3/'#?,%-%"(* ?,%
'd%FF%5(,%"(* 9%'* -6"]%&#%'* D* j* %"* =%"')%* |t}E* Cd6#* -6"])* (&0#'* %"F6"('* D* 79>6"E* I)96"E
G%6"* :96"5E* N0>%&(H9%H:96"5* D* 0"* $0#(* %"50&%* #5#* 6,* '09* 9%,&'* '#g* "0->&#9'* &)=6&(#'* '6"'
6''#%((%'*kS*B%96*=0')E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,%*96*F#],&%*0]&%'?,%*"0$6&#"#%""%*'0#(*,"*536-=#0"
(0,(%'*56()]0&#%'*D*j*Cd6#*-6"])*-#99%*564%('*k*-6#'*0"*'%*96''%*4%*(0,(*D*j*Cd)=&0,$%*=9,'
6,5,"%*F6#-*=0,&*9%'*-#99#6&4'*?,#*&%'(%"(*k*[OS7SE*=S*@AL^S*I0('*4)Cf*=&053%'E*j*-6&-6#99%*k
%(*j*-6"]%6#99%*kE*#5#E*'%*-)96"]%"(**$&6#-%"(*D*0"*=%,(*%"*&#&%*[%(*#9*'d6]#(*4d%"*&#&%^*%(*=0,&(6"(
9d30&&%,&*"d%'(*=6'*90#"S*O%*-l-%E*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*[=S*@TWÊ*0"*(0->%&6*',&*5%
&)5#(*(%&&#>9%*D
Les enfants sont amenés vivants de vivaces : Lucienne, trois ans […] ; Louis-lamorve-au-nez, la huitaine. Les enfants sont malmenés longtemps : punis avec
des piquets, puis endormis de force dans leur sommeil privé d’assiettes […]. Il
les bat un à un et les mange.
7* 96* =6]%* W@@* [$8* BSJSÊ* 0"* '%* =965%* ',&* ,"* =96"* =9,'* '/->09#?,%* D* %"* %FF%(E* 5%* '0"(* 9%'
j*"0-'*4%'*]%"'*%(*4%'*%"F6"('*%(*4%'*50"(&%H]%"'*%(*4%'*F%--%'*4d#5#H>6'*k*?,#*j*0"(*)()
6,C0,&4d3,#*&),"#'*46"'*-6*>0,53%*kE*5%((%*>0,53%*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*96*'5."%*4d,"*(3)p(&%
#"()&#%,&*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4%*(&6"'=0'%&*46"'*96*&)69#()S*O6"'*N9#/'"#$'+.=$7&O':&'7&?%/*[=S*1@Ê
0"*=%"'%&6*=9,'*6,*90,=*4%*<%&&6,9(*%(*f*'%'*]&6"4%'*4%"('*?,df*,"*0]&%*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(*D
j* $%"%u* =9,'* =&.'* 46"'* -%'* 4%,g* /%,g* %(* =%"53%uH$0,'* 4%46"'* -6* >0,53%* k* [-6#'* 96
=6((%*&%'(%*"0$6&#"#%""%^S*O6"'*96*536"'0"*4,*N%59,'*4d;9)&0"*[`SaSE*==S*QLHQVÊ*0o*,"*=.&%
40""%*f*'0"*F#9'*,"*-0&(*=0,&*'d6-,'%&E*0"*&)69#'%&6*?,%E*50--%*53%u*N6>%96#'E*9d30&&%,&
=%,(*l(&%*(&.'*=&)505%S
O6"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [=S* TA* =,#'* T1Ê* 9d30&&%,&* 4%* 96* -6"]%&#%* 'd6==9#?,%* 6,g
'#%"'*[B%*?,%*Cd6#-%*9%*-#%,g*\*Bd%'(*-6"]%&*-6*'r,&*\*Bd%'(*-6"]%&*'0"*5r,&*k^*D*5d%'(
,"* =%,* !]09#"* &%$#'#()* [56&* 5%96* &%'(%* 46"'* 96* F6-#99%Ê* M0$6&#"6* 5056''#F#6"(* %"50&%* 9%'
1WW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
5%&59%'*46"(%'?,%'*4%*95C8E&)*c*46"'*j*Cd%,'*4%,g*%"F6"('*6$%5*-6*-.&%*?,%*C%*4)$0&6#
#--)4#6(%-%"(* k* [OS7SE* =S* 1TUÊ* 9d30&&%,&* %'(* 40,>9%* D* #"5%'(%* …* 56""#>69#'-%S* O6"'* 4&
F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*ULÊ*0"*6,&6*D*j*R9*F6,(*|-6"]%&}*'0"*F&.&%*=0,&*l(&%*k*%(*46"'
4.'K*G8&*[=S*@@WÊ*0"*=0,&&6*j*|-6"]%&}*'6*-.&%*k*-6#'*f*50"4#(#0"*4%*j*9d6$0#&*-p53)%
3,#(*F0#'*k*['#"0"E*9d6&&#.&%H=%(#(HF#9'*4,*-6"]%,&*)(0,&4#*'%&6*-6,4#(^S*O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E
9d30&&%,&*0]&%'?,%*%'(*%"50&%*9fE*f*96*=6]%*@XX*D*j*G%*(,6#*,"%*%"F6"(*4%*3,#(*6"'*kS
K&a*#<*Q'%
:0,50(*[$8*7S`S^*=%,(*6,''#*l(&%*$,*50--%*,"%*F#],&%*0]&%'?,%*D*5d%'(*,"*0]&%*'05#69*9#)*6,
-0"4%*4%*9d%"(&%=&#'%S*8%'*0,$&#%&'*'0"(*9%'*%"F6"('*?,d#9*4)$0&%*[-l-%*'#E*9%*=9,'*'0,$%"(E
5%96*'%*F6#(*f*=%(#(*F%,^*D*5%&(%'*5%'*4%&"#%&'*'%*&)$09(%"(*-6#'*:0,50(E*$8'E$8&E*9%'*>0,90((%*D
#9'*"%*F0"(*=6'*9%*=0#4'*F65%*f*5%*&3)(%,&*&0,>96&4*?,#*9%'*40-#"%*=6&*'6*-6w(&#'%*4,*-0(*%(
4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%S*8/->09#?,%-%"(E*$#6"4%*%(*6&]%"(*'%*50"F0"4%"(*=0,&*9,#*D*4,*=0#"(*4%*$,%
4%*5%*-0"'(&%*#"'6(#6>9%E*5d%'(*,"%*'%,9%*%(*-l-%*"0,&&#(,&%E*%(*?,#*F6#(*'0"*&)]69S
+6*-)(6=30&%*4%*9d0]&%*%'(*4d6#99%,&'*,(#9#')%*>%6,50,=*=9,'*596#&%-%"(*f*96*=6]%*@W*D
j*G%*',#'*(0"*=6(&0"E*C%*(%*5&0?,%*kS*7*96*=6]%*TAE*,"%*$#5(#-%*=&%"4*96*=6&09%*D*j*8#*9%'
'0,5#'*"%*-%*4)$0&%"(*=6'E*I0"'#%,&*:0,5E*5d%'(*?,%*$0,'*-d6$%u*>0,FF)%*4#&%5(%-%"(*kS
@WL
O6"'*,"*6&(#59%E*B3&#'(#6"*<&#]%"(*=6&9%*-l-%*4d,"*j*=6(&0"6(*$0&65%*k S*K"F#"E*6,*50"'%#9
?,%*9,#*40""%*:0,50(*4%*F6#&%*4%'*%"F6"('*[50"'%#9*F0&-,9)*4%*F6b0"*-0"'(&,%,'%*D*j*=&%"%u
,"*56&&)E*#"'(699%uH/*,"%*F%--%E*F%"4%uH9,#*9%*$%"(&%*%(*F6#(%'H$0,'*4%'*=%(#('*kÊ*KS*0==0'%*D
j*a,#*$6*'%*'6#]"%&*f*9%'*"0,&&#&*h*M0,'S*a,#*$6*9%'*>0,FF%&*h*`0,'S*k*[7S`SE*=S*TW^S*I6#'
&%"$0/0"'* #5#* [5FS* j* R"$%"(#0"* $%&>69%* %(* -,'#569#()* k* %(* j* P&6"4#0'%* %(* '6,]&%",* k^* 6,g
=6&(#%'*50"5%&"6"(*=9,'*'=)5#F#?,%-%"(*4567&:$&)';9:.87*D*0"*/*$%&&6*=9,'*=&)5#')-%"(*%"*?,0#
50"'#'(%*96*-0"'(&,0'#()*0]&%'?,%*4,*(%&&#F#6"(*:0,50(S
K&`+Q#'%>&$#&U#'*Q'%&
7,(&%* -6"#.&%* 4%* "0--%&* 9%* j* ]&6"4* ]0>6"(* k* ?,#* j* (d6==0&(6* 9,#H-l-%* %"(&%* '%'
4%"('* k* [IS7SE* "0,$%99%* )4SE* =S* @Q^* %(* 6,(&%'* j* I6"]%,&'* ;,&6"#?,%'* k* [6,(6"(* 4%
4)"0-#"6(#0"'* "0,'* &6==%96"(* $6],%-%"(* 4.' L+I9098$&* 4dJ)'#04%Ê* 9%* j* 8,&0]&%* k
"0$6&#"#%"*'%*=&)'%"(%*50--%*6,''#*0-"#=&)'%"(*?,%*O#%,*%(*6,''#*-,9(#5)=369#?,%-%"(
-0"'(&,%,g*?,d,"%*5&)6(,&%*4,*=6"(3)0"*(#>)(6#"*[0"*=6''%*6,g*j*40,6"#%&'*k*4,*<.)(9^*D
5d%'(* 9%* -0"4%* ?,#* '%* -6"]%* 9,#H-l-%* [9d0]&%* %'(* ,"* 90,=H]6&0,* =0,&* 9d0]&%^* D* j* M0,'
-6"]%0"'* 96* 5&)6(#0"* %"* $%"(&%* =6&96"(* k* [BSJSE* =S* @AU^S* +6* '5."%* 0o* 5%96* '%* C0,%* %'(
"0$6&#"#%""%*[(6>9%*%(*=6&09%^S*R9*'d6]#(*4%*j*-6"]%&*9%*-0"4%*%(*'0"*0->&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@XV^*D
&#%"*"%*40#(*&%'(%&E*j*(0,(*40#(*4#'=6&6w(&%*kS*I6"]%&*(0,(*%'(*,"%*6FF6#&%*4%*=6(#%"5%*D*j*M0,'
-6"]%0"'*96*$#%*f*96*90"],%*k*[BSJSE*=S*TV^S*B0"'(6(*'%->96>9%*[0,*f*=%,*=&.'^*46"'*4&
@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*[=S*1L@^*D*j*N#%"*4%*5%*?,#*-6"]%*#5#*9d%'=65%*"d%'(*,"*'%,9*#"'(6"(
%"*&%=0'*k*D*f*F0&5%E*0"*[h^*F#"#&6*>#%"*=6&*(0,(*F#"#&E*4,*-0"4%E*4,*&)%9E*4%*9d%g()&#%,&E*4%
9d%'=65%*%(*4,*(%-='S
O%*-l-%E*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*V1Ê*5%*?,#*%'(*f*-6"]%&E*5d%'(*9%*-0"4%*c*f*96*=6]%*@@QE
6,* 9#%,* 4%* j* 4%-6"4%&* 9d644#(#0"* k* f* ,"* '%&$%,&* #-6]#"6#&%* [O#%,* hÊ* 0"* 4%-6"4%* j* ,"
6,(&%*-0"4%*f*-6"]%&*k*[e?,%9*6==)(#(*me*=0,&&6#(H0"*50--%"(%&^*%(*f*96*=6]%*@UWE*0"*6,&6
%"50&%* F6#-* D* j* M0,'* "%* $0/0"'* &#%"E* "0,'* 6$690"'* (0,(* k* [=S* @UW^S* O6"'* 4&' F.)($8' (&
)&*988.$//.8*&*[=S*UVÊ*#9*'d6]#&6*=0,&*4%'*6"#-6,g*4%*j*&%=&%"4&%*4,*-0"4%*6->#6"(*kS
O6"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&E*0"*6FF#&-%*k*+%*-0"4%*%'(*5%9,#*?,%*C%*-6"]%*%"*9,#*4#'6"(*D*;96-*k*[=S
UQ^*%(*9d0"*'d%"50,&6]%&6*4%*F6b0"*',&&)69#'(%*D*j*I6"]%0"'*96*$#%*f*?,6(&%*'0,=6=%'*k*[=S
@WL
**B3&#'(#6"*<&#]%"(E*j*+6*96"],%*50"(&%*9%'*#409%'*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*@@S
1WX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
1VÊ*50--%*=0,&*4#&%*k*4)$0&0"'*96*$#%*f*=9%#"%'*4%"('*kE*j*-%((0"'H/*4,*5r,&*kE*%(5S*B%((%
-6"]%&#%*%'(*'6"'*F#"*D*j*I0"*6''#%((%*"d6*=6'*4dF0"4*D*#"],&]#(0"'*k*[;SRSE*=S*T@^S
+6* 50&&%'=0"46"5%* 530?,%&6* -6#'E* '6"'* &%-0"(%&* 6,g* 4#%,g* ]&%5'* 4%'* 0&#]#"%'
[86(,&"%*%(*50"'0&(Ê*#9*%g#'(%*4%'*)?,#$69%"('*>%6,50,=*=9,'*65(,%9'*f*96*F#],&%*(%&&#>9%*4,
j*]&6"4*]0>6"(*k*[$8*:SBSOS^*%(*4,*4)$0&%,&*4d,"#$%&'E*?,%*5%*'0#(*46"'*96*]696g#%*',=%&H
3)&0{?,%*[P6965(,'^*0,*9%*=&0=0'*)5090]#'(%*4d,"*8%&]%*:&,''090*[I6"]%H-0"4%^*D*%"50&%
,"%*F0#'E*M0$6&#"6E*6>0&46"(*5%*(3.-%E*=&0,$%*'6*-04%&"#()*c*#9*%'(*-l-%*9d#"$%"(%,&*4%
"0,$%99%'*F#],&%'*D*-0"4%*?,#*'d6,(0H-6"]%E*F#],&%*4%*5%9,#*?,#*-6"]%*9%*-0"4%*46"'*'0"
%'=&#(E*9,-#.&%*?,#*",#(E*(%-='*?,#*(,%*6$%5*6-0,&E*%(5S
+d6,(&%*4)F#"#(#0"*=0,&*9d%g=&%''#0"*j*]&6"4*]0>6"(*k*'%*(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*f*96*=6]%*@U@
4%*456*7&'$8*988#*[5FS*j*O#%,*$#(*9%*=6#"E*?,d#9*)(6#(*>0"E*%(*9%*9%"4%-6#"*#9*536"]%6*(0,(*%"
96&-%'*k^*%(*f*96*=6]%*@A1*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*D*j*O#%,*%"(&%*%(*46"'%*6$%5*I646-%*O#%,
,"%*46"'%*4%*]90,(0"*k*D*5%((%*j*46"'%*4%*]90,(0"*kE*'0&(%*4%*?,64&#99%*]&0(%'?,%*6$%5
j*I646-%*kE*%g=9#?,%&6#(*40"5*=%,(Hl(&%E*(0,(*"6(,&%99%-%"(E*96*-0&(*4%'*30--%'*]0>)'
%"*&/(3-%*=6&*,"*j*]&6"4*]0>6"(*k*46"'6"(*'6*46"'%&#%H-6"]%&#%*q*5%96*4#(E*"0,'*'0--%'
=0''#>9%-%"(*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"*4#%,*%"*>0#'E*4d,"*"0,$%6,*-6'?,%*%(*4d,"%*#-=0'(,&%*D
j*B%*"d%'(*=6'*,"*4#%,*-6#'*,"*F6,g*4)],#')*?,#*$0,'*(&0((%*,"%*564%"5%*kS
7,(&%*=0''#>#9#()*D*9%*]&6"4*]0>6"(*%g#'(%*-6#'*#9*6*9%'*/%,g*=9,'*]&6"4'*?,%*$%"(&%*[5%*?,#
"0,'*96#''%*,"%*536"5%*4%*50"(#",%&*f*$#$&%H-6"]%&*%(\0,*f*-6"]%&H$#$&%*%"50&%*,"*=%,^*%(
9d#4)%*4d,"*)53%5*4%*5%*]%"&%*'%*&%(&0,$%*=%,(Hl(&%*f*96*=6]%*@WQ*4%*F&'/#$/*D*j*7*96*F#"*4,
&%=6'*4,*-0"4%*(0,(%'*9%'*530'%'*&%'(%"(*%"*=965%*k*q*-6#'*?,#*6*[\6,&6#(^*)530,)*h*O#%,*h
+d30--%*h*+%*2%-='*h*R5#E*5d%'(*96*-6(#.&%*D*'0"*)53%5*%'(*-l-%*4#(*j*f*'0"*50->9%*k*D
=%,(Hl(&%*6,&6#(H%99%*$0,9,*"%*=9,'*j*'#FF9%&*kE*"%*=9,'*'%*-6"#F%'(%&*%"*(6"(*?,%*-6(#.&%*%(\
0,*536"]%&*4d)(6(S*:&%FE*"0,'*'0--%'*%"*=9%#"%*',&H=6(6=3/'#?,%*-l-%*'#E*=%&'0""69#'6"(
=%,*0,*=&0,*4%'*50"5%=('*%(\0,*4%'*)9)-%"('*[-6#'*6$%5*-0#"'*4%*F09#%*F,&#%,'%Ê*5%&(6#"'
=3#90'0=3%'*[<96(0"E*Z0,56,9(E*:653%96&4^*'%*=&l(.&%"(*f*9d%g%&5#5%S
K&=('*:*Q'%
B3&0"0]&%*=%,(H#9*4)$0&%&*9%*8,&0]&%*h*+%*(%-='*6H(H#9*,"%*65(#0"*',&*O#%,*h*7,*F0"4E*5%'
4%,g*%"(#()'*'%*50"F0"4%"(*=%,(Hl(&%S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*M0$6&#"6*"0,'*=6&9%*4%'*4%,g*F65%'
4,*(%-='*D*5%9,#*?,d0"**k*-6"]%*k*[%"*j*4)$0&6"(*4%'*'%50"4%'*k*=6&*%g%-=9%^*%(*5%9,#
?,#*"0,'*(,%*6$%5*6-0,&E*9%*j*]&6"4*]0>6"(*k*"d)(6"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*,"*86>9#%&*Z0,*'6>&6"(
96*$#%*[$0#&*=6&(#%*',&*9%'*I#",(%'*C6&&/?,%'^S*K"*%FF%(E*5%*?,d#9*/*6*=6&F0#'*j*'0,'*96*4%"(*kE
5d%'(*j*9%*(%-='*k*[BSJSE*=S**WQÊ*j*-6"]%&*4,*'0,$%"#&*k*[BSJSE*=S*TV^*'%*=&)'%"(6"(*50--%
,"%*4%'*'%,9%'*F6b0"*4d6$6"5%&*q*j*|-0&4&%}*46"'*9%*=&)'%"(*k*=0,$6"(*6#4%&*6,''#*f*96
=&0]&%''#0"*[;SNSE*=S*@V1^S
<0,&(6"(E* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 5%* "%* '0#(* =6'* $&6#-%"(* 46"'* 5%* '%"'H9f* ?,%* 9%'* 530'%'
F0"5(#0""%"(*D*j*M0,'*$0,4&#0"'*-6"]%&*'6"'*?,%*9%*(%-='*"0,'*-6"]%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@QT^S
7,(&%*F&%#"*D*j*9d65(#$#()*3,-6#"%*k*?,#*j*%"9.$%*9d6==)(%"5%*k*[BJSE*=S*@QT^*%"*F6#'6"(*=%&4&%
j*9d6==)(#(*4d65(#0"*k*%(*9%*4)'#&*4d%"*5&0?,%&S*38*E$8&E*0"*9%*50"'(6(%&6E*j*|9%}*(%-='*"0,'*&)4,#(
f*l(&%*%"*=9,#%*k*[`SaSE*=S*QAÊ*-)(6=30&%*9#?,#4%*-0#"'*(%&&#>9%*[-6#'*?,#*&%$#%"(*f*%g=&#-%&
%g65(%-%"(*96*-l-%*530'%^*?,%*96*&)69#()*=9,'*50"5&.(%*4d,"%*=0,''#.&%*)$%"(,%99%-%"(
'65&)%*%(*'d)=6&=#996"(*=6&(0,(E*9%*,*"0$6&#"#%"*&%"$0/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*f*9d,&"%*?,#*=0,&&6#(*96
50"(%"#&E*5%5#*f*9d#-6]%*4d,"%*r,$&%H(0->%6,*?,#*655,%#99%&6#(*(0,'*9%'*"0-'*4%'*-0&('S
B%((%*4%&"#.&%*3/=0(3.'%*=0,&&6#(*4d6#99%,&'*%g=9#?,%&*9%*530#g*4d,"*(#(&%*50-=0&(6"(*9%*-0(
j*+,((%*kE*?,#*50"(#%"(*,(*D*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*%FF%(*e+d!(*4%'*-0&('e*?,d#9*F6,(*9#&%E*96*=&%-#.&%H
4%&"#.&%*(&65%E*9d,&"%*F,")&6#&%E*9%*P&669*,9(#-%E*9%*+#$&%*4%'*I0&('*M0$6&#"#%"'*%(*9%*536"(
1WT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
4,*5/]"%*4%*96*8%,9%*f*B)4#99%S*8,&*96*-0&(E*#9*'%&6*4#(*46"'*456*7&'$8*988#*D*j*M0,'*'0--%'
4)$0&)'*=6&*%99%*-6#'*"0,'*"%*'0--%'*=6'*'%'*',C%('*k*[=S*@T@^S
Od,"%* 5%&(6#"%* -6"#.&%E* 9d6==&053%* "0$6&#"#%""%* 4%* 96* ?,%'(#0"* 4,* (%-='* "0,'* F6#(
&)69#'%&* 96* =&0F0"4%,&* 4%* 96* =3&6'%* ?,%* a,%"%6,* -%(* 46"'* 96* >0,53%* 4%* '0"* %'=#.]9%
3)&0{"%* f* 96* F#"* 4%* c.O$&' (.8/* :&' ?I7)9* D* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%* 50"'5#%"(%* j* g6* $6* =6'* 4,&%&
(0,C0,&'* k* [)(6(* 4d%"F6"5%E* #"'0,5#6"5%^* %(* 4%* 'dl(&%* F6#(* ]%"(#-%"(* j* (,%&* 6$%5* 6-0,&* k
4)596&%*%"*%FF%(E*=3#90'0=3%*D*j*Gd6#*$#%#99#*k*c*96*'%,9%*&)=0"'%*6,*=3)"0-."%*)(6"(*F#"69%-%"(
4%*'0,&#&%*50--%*a,%"%6,\_6u#%*0,*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6*[-l-%*'#*5%*4%&"#%&*=&0=0'%*6,''#
=6&F0#'*,"%*F0&-%*=9,'*(&6]#H5056''%*4%*&)>%99#0"*%"F6"(#"%*D*j*I0&(*f*96*-0&(*m*kE*%(5S
O%*F6b0"*%"50&%*-0#"'*'z&%E*4#'0"'*?,d,"%*=3&6'%*50--%*j*C%*96#''%*96*$#%*-%*&0"]%&
%"*'0,&4#"%*k*[7SRSE*=S*@@L^*%'(*f*&6==&053%&*4%*9d#4)%*?,%*5d%'(*'6"'*>&,#(*%(*%"*'6&4#"%*[96
',==&%''#0"H64C0"5(#0"*"d)(6"(*C6-6#'*90#"*6$%5*M0$6&#"6E*,"%*'0,&4#"%*=%,(*(&.'*>#%"*'%
(&6"'F0&-%&*%"*'6&4#"%Ê*%"*(6"(*?,%*'6&4#"%*40"5E*50--%*,"%*'6&4#"%*?,%*j*C%*96#''%*96
$#%*-%*&0"]%&*kE*96*-0&(*=&05)46"(*%"*'0,&4#"%E*'6"'*>&,#(E*f*9d#"',*4%'*'6&4#"%'*?,%*"0,'
'0--%'*D*5%*j*C%*k*[?,#*%'(*,"*"0,'*%(\0,*,"*0"^*"%*=%,(*F6#&%*6,(&%-%"(E*-6"])*=6&*9%
(%-='*?,#*=6''%*%(*%-=0&()*=6&*9%*50,&6"(*50--%*9%*'0"(*9%'*'6&4#"%'S
80"(*F6#('*=6&*6#99%,&'*5%*?,%*9d0"*=0,&&6#(*6==%9%&*4%'*j*50"'(6('*5056''%'*k*D*5d%'(*6#"'#
?,%E* 46"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&E* %'(* )"0"5)%* 9d#4)%* [6$%5* ,"%* 6-,'6"(%* 6=050=%* F#"69%
50"5%&"6"(*9%*$%&>%*j*#"],&]#(%&*k^*?,%*"0,'*"d6,&#0"'*&#%"*)()*'#*"0,'*"d6$#0"'*&#%"*#"],&]#*k
q*%"*5%96E*9d6,(%,&*'%*4#'(#"],%*,"*=%,*4d7&(6,4*?,#*F6#'6#(*9%*50"'(6(*?,%*j*=0,&*$#$&%E*#9*F6,(
53#%&*k*[6,*4)>,(*4%*'0"*6)7.#('Q$?=#)E*`%&3%]]%"*'%*&6==%99%&6*?,d#9*4#'6#(*D*j*G%*5&0#'*?,%
=0,&*$#$&%*\*C%*"%*4#'*-l-%*=6'*=0,&*l(&%*\*G%*4#'*?,%*=0,&*$#$&%E*#9*F6,(*4d6>0&4*C,(%&^*kS
8%&6* F6#(* ,"* 6,(&%* 50"'(6(E* f* '6$0#&* ?,%* j* "0,'* "%* '0--%'* =6'* 5%* ?,#* %'(* 46"'* 9%
=96(*kE*50--%*'#*96*530'%*"d6996#(*=6'*4%*'0#S*eI6#'*5d%'(*?,d%99%*"%*$6*=6'*4%*'0#eE*'%->9%
"0,'* '#]"#F#%&* 9d6,(%,&S* O%* -l-%* %(* =0,&* &%(&6$6#99%&* "0$6&#"#%""%-%"(* ,"%* %g=&%''#0"
50"",%E*e"%*=6'*l(&%*46"'*'0"*6''#%((%e*'%->9%*#-=9#?,%&*?,%*4%'*6''#%((%'*=0,&&6#%"(*"0,'
655,%#99#&E*4%'*6''#%((%'E*,"%*'5."%E*,"%*5&0#gE*,"*5%&5,%#9E*,"%*56]%*4%*$%&&%*0,*96*>0,53%
4d,"*0]&%S
RKRKcK&?/%&5*/0%)2%&(#1(&*b251(
8#*796#"*:0&%&*=6&9%E*f*=&0=0'*4%*5%((%*r,$&%E*4%*j*'d#"$#(%&*f*,"*%g(&60&4#"6#&%*&%=6'*4%
@WV
96"],%*k E*0"*=%,(*6,''#E*'%->9%H(H#9*=6&9%&*4%*j*-6"]%&#%'*-0"'(&,%,'%'*k*53%u*M0$6&#"6S
I0"'(&,%,'%'*=6&5%*?,d#-=0''#>9%'*D*j*I6"]%0"'*9%'*0'*%(*9%'*6,(0'*k*[;SNSE*=S*1VÊ*j*M0,'
-6"]%0"'*-l-%*96*-0&(*k*[;SNSE*=S*WX^S
+d%"C%,*4%*5%((%*-6"]%&#%*(0,(*6u#-,(*%'(*4%*(6#99%*D*#9*'d6]#(*4%*j*|=&0,$%&}*6,*-0"4%
%"*9%*-6"]%6"(*?,%*|"0,'*'0--%'}*4,*&)%9*6,*-l-%*(#(&%*?,%*9,#*[;SNSE*=S*@VÊ*=&0=0'#(#0"
*&%96(#$%-%"(*&)$%&'#>9%*56&*#9*'d6]#(*6,''#*4d6#4%&*9%*&)%9*%(*9d%g()&#%,&*[>&%F*D*9%*-0"4%*6,(0,&
4%*'0#^*f*%g#'(%&*]&p5%*6,*(&6$6#9*4,*j*'69#>&6(*4%'*4%"('*k*50--%*0"*=&05.4%*=0,&*6#4%&*,"
6&>&%*%"*50,=6"(*4d)$%"(,%99%'*>&6"53%'*-0&(%'S*I6"]%&*%'(*50--%*96*=&%,$%*4,*-0"4%E
96*=&%,$%*?,d0"*"d%'(*=6'*'%,9**[6#"'#*?,%*9%*4#'6#(*P,#996,-%*7=099#"6#&%^*c*'d#"'(6,&%*40"5*#5#E
f*=6&(#&*4%*5%((%*50"'5#%"5%E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*F&6(%&"#()*6$%5*9%*-0"4%*D*j*C6-6#'*"0,'*"%*"0,'
F0,&"#&0"'*6,(&%-%"(*96*=&%,$%*4,*-0"4%*?,d%"*9%*-6"]%6"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*@QLÊ*(0,(*5%96*[5d%'(
50--%*,"%*-653#"%^*F0"5(#0""6"(*%"*-l-%*(%-='*D*9%*-0"4%*%'(*9fE*0"*9%*-6"]%*%(*5d%'(
,"%*-6"#.&%*4d6FF#&-%&*%(*4%*=&0,$%&*'0"*%g#'(%"5%E*%(*9d%g#'(%"5%*4%*e'0#*9%*-0"4%e*[e'0#*9%
-0"4%e*)(6"(*,"*=%"46"(*=0''#>9%*f*j*6,(&,#*9%*50&='*k^*D*j*N%=&04,5(#0"*4,*-0"4%*6*%,
9#%,*=6&*9%'*0&#F#5%'*%(*-6"]%6]%*4,*-0"4%*6*%,*9#%,*=6&*"0'*65(#0"'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@X^S
@WV
**796#"*:0&%&E*j*M0$6&#"6*+dJ#96&0(&6])4#%"*kE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.X'L+IM7)&/'(#';&)=&E*0=S*5#(SE*=S*UQS
1WU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
B%'*$#'#0"'*"0$6&#"#%""%'*4%*96*"0,&&#(,&%*[?,#*=%,$%"(*40"5*=6&F0#'*)$0?,%&*P0/6Ê
0"(*,"*5s()*6"]0#''6"(*%(*#"?,#)(6"(*[$0#&%*30&&#>9%*%(*#"',==0&(6>9%^*D*5d%'(*?,%*'d#9*%g#'(6#(
46"'*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%*,"%*=0#&%*4d6"]0#''%*%(*,"%*'0,=%*f*96*]&#-65%E*,"%*j*'0,=%*4%
4)(&%''%*k*[;SRSE*=S*X1^*%'(*9%*=96(*?,d#9*"0,'*'%&(*q*(6"4#'*?,%*I6&90~%*=&0=0'6E*9,#E*46"'
C(9#.)(*33*,"*-%",*F6#(*4%*'6"]0('S*a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*9d3,-0,&*%'(*9f*D*j*`#$%*96*F&#(%*m*k*[;SNSE
=S*VW^S
+%'*530'%'*6,''#*'d#"'5&#$%"(*46"'*5%((%*-6"]%&#%*c*5d%'(*9%*56'*4%'*$0#(,&%'*"0(6--%"(
%(*0"*=6&9%&6*690&'*j*4d6,(0=36]#%*kE*5%*?,#*=%,(*)]69%-%"(*'d6==9#?,%&*6,*4%''#"*4%*O69#
&%=&04,#(*5#H6=&.'S*<0,&(6"(E*9%'*j*0#(,&%'*k*[5FS*0#%*…*$0#(,&%^*"%*'0"(*=6'*9%'*'%,9%'*530'%'
#"])&)%'*c*6#"'#E*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*+dK"F6"(*6$696"(*4)596&%*D
J’ai mangé aujourd’hui une peugeot-citroën, une gourdine 24, un frigo, un didelio,
un apsi 237, une couverture réchauffante à trois trous, un tronc fuchsia […] j’ai
bu, rebu un cafallo, trois l’ambresques, du derduloque, de la verveine, un kilo
d’aspics : je suis content, j’ai mangé ce matin la machine à laver ; je suis très-très
content, je suis très content de mes dents.
20,C0,&'*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*-6#'*f*96*=6]%*@TQE*0"*'%*"0,&&#&6*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%
4%*53#FF&%'*f*96*F6b0"*4d,"*$)&#(6>9%*j*-6"]%,&*4%*F65(,&%'*kS*O6"'*F&'/#$/E*0"*4%-6"4%&6
j*O0""%uH-0#*f*-6"]%&*5%*=96"53%&*m*k*[GS8SE*=S*@QV^*%(*46"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&*[=S*1UÊ
#9*'d6]#&6*4%*j*&%=&%"4&%*6$%5*'%'*40#]('*k*96*j*=0&(#0"*$#$6"(%*4,*-0"4%*kE*%(5S
O6"'*456*7&'$8*988#E*96*j*I653#"%*f*-6"]%&*4%*(0,(*k*'%->9%*'d%->699%&*c*#5#E*?,6"4
0"*-6"]%E*5d%'(*j*6$%5*|'6}*(l(%*4%*(&%"(%H4%,g*4%"('*k*[7SRSE*=S*@UA^*D*(0,(%*96*-p530#&%
%'(*%"]6])%*46"'*96*-6"]%&#%*c*=6'*?,%'(#0"*4%*53#=0(%&*D*0"*j*-6"]%*9%*=6#"*(&0#'*F0#'
(&#=9%*m*k*[=S*@U@Ê*0"*6*j*F6#-*%(*&%F6#-*k*[=S*@UAÊ*0"*|-6"]%}*9%*-0"4%*C,'?,d6,*>0,(*k*[=S
@TV^*D*>0,(*4,*-0"4%*0,*4%*'6*$#%*h*B%*"d%'(*=6'*4#(SSS*7*96*=6]%*@UAE*0"*4)5&.(%*j*9%*-0"4%
%'(*-6*=p(,&%*k*%(*f*96*=6]%*QQE*9%'*P&6"4'*;FF#5#%9'*4,*2&0,*J,#(*['0"(H5%*4%'*F&)&0]&%'*h^
'%*=&)'%"(%"(*6#"'#*D*j*"0,'*>,$0"'*9%*-0"4%*%"*36"6=*4%*=96'(#?,%E*"0,'*-6"]%0"'*9%'
>0&4'*4%*9d,"#$%&'*6$%5*"0'*4%"('*6&&#.&%*%(*"0,'*=96"(0"'*4%$6"(*9%'*4%"('*4%*4d$6"(S*kS
a,6"(*f*96*Z%--%*8=#&69%*[7SRSE*=S*@UXÊ*%99%*50"'%#99%*D*j*I6"]%0"'*96*$#%*%(*&%"0,$%90"'*9%
4)&0,9%-%"(*4%*'0"*4&6-%*=6&*4%'*536"'0"'*$0(#$%'*kS*;"*-6"]%*-l-%*4,*j*'#9%"5%*k*[=S
@UW^*$0#&%*4%'*j*|&6#'0""%-%"('}*k*[=S*@UA^*%(*5%&(6#"'*[=S*VA^*'0"(*"0,&&#'*j*,"#?,%-%"(*4%
'90]6"'*k*[-6#'*5%*"d%'(*=6'*9%*=9,'*&0>0&6(#F*4%'*=96('^S
+%*(3.-%*4%*96*530'%*"0"H-6"]%6>9%*?,d0"*-6"]%*(0,(*4%*-l-%*F,(*>#%"*'z&*6>0&4)
=6&* B36=9#"* 4)],'(6"(* 50-#?,%-%"(* 4%'* '%-%99%'* %(* 4%'* 965%('* [J6&=0* =&05)46#(* 4%
@XA
-l-% ^*-6#'*%"50&%*=6&*a,%"%6,*46"'*,"%*'0&(%*4%*536"'0"*6>',&4%*6$%5E*5%((%*F0#'H
5#E*9d#"]%'(#0"*4d,"%*=%"4,9%*=6&*j*96-#*:#46&4*k*D
Il avait lair si estomaqué / Que jlui ai dmandé dsesspliquer / Eh bien voilà me ditil / J’viens davaler ma pendule / Alors jvais chez lchirurgien / Car j’ai une peupeur
de chien / Que ça mtombe dans les vestibules […] / Un mois après jrevois mon
copain / Il avait l’air tout skia dplus rupin […] / J’ai su lestomac un petit cadran /
Je vends lheure à tous les passants […] / A la fin ltype issuicida […] / J’préfère
être pendu qupendule […] / Mais lorsqui fut dans ltrou ah skon rigola / Quand au
151
fond dla bière le septième coup dmidi tinta.
@XA
**O6"'*4&/'H.)A'<)97+&)/'987':.'%.)9:&*[<0#"('H8%,#9E*@VVXE*=S*TXÊ*N0>%&(*:%"6/0,"*)5&#(*f*=&0=0'*4dJ6&=0*D*j*86*=&)F)&%"5%
=0,&*9d#--6"]%6>9%E*9d#"4#]%'(#>9%E*9d#"6''#-#96>9%*=&05.4%*4d,"*>%'0#"*4d#"$%'(#&*9d,"#$%&'*%"*9d6$696"(*50--%*F0"(*9%'*%"F6"('*kS
151
&V.OM*:$&n#%:%.#?&LWl:>".:"&X.".-?&@&L.&/%:$#-%&B?&;*)>+%4i.--+M.'$?&;.'+>4N%>:+-4lA'O?&01qq?&//F&065406JF
1WL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
R9*"d%'(*=6'*#""05%"(*?,%*9d0>C%(*#"])&)*'0#(*,"%*=%"4,9%E*96*-6"]%&#%*6/6"(*)$%"(,%99%-%"(
f*$0#&E*50--%*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*6$%5*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%S
RKRKqK&Y*/0%)u"<*/0%)&%(&4*25u42/
+%*F6#(*-l-%*4dl(&%*f*(6>9%*%'(*)$0?,)*-6#'*#9*/*6,&6*&%(&6$6#9*D*0"*&%-=965%&6*j*7*(6>9%*mk*=6&
j*7*536#'%*k*[BSJSE*=S*UUÊ*0"*=6&9%&6*4%*j*&%=6'*&%=&04,5(#F*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@TÊ*4%*j*&%=6'*4%
&%'=#&6(#0"*k*[BSJSE*=S*WUV^*0,*4%*j*&%=6'*F,".>&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@QT^*%(*9%*$%&>%*-6"]%&*'%&6E
9,#E*&6==&053)*4%*>#%"*4d6,(&%'*$056>9%'*D*j*536"]%&*k*(0,(*4d6>0&4*["0,'*/*&%$#%"4&0"'^
-6#'*6,''#*j*46"]%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@AÊ*j*$%"]%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*TVÊ*j*-6"?,%&*k*[OS7SE*=S*1UT^
%(*j*-)96"]%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*@AU^S*a,6"(*f*j*-p53%&*kE*'d#9*'%*$0#(*&6==&053)*4%*j*-6&53%&*k
f*96*=6]%*QWA*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*?,d#9*F6,(*6$0#&*-p53)*=0,&*=0,$0#&
-6&53%&* [Ip530"'* m* Ip530"'* m^* 50--%* #9* F6,(* -6"]%&* [I6"]%0"'* m* I6"]%0"'* m^* =0,&
%'=)&%&*536"]%&S
R5#E* -l-%* ,"* (#(&%* 50--%* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* [5FS* 536#&%* %(* >0""%* 53.&%^* %'(
=30")(#?,%-%"(* 6->#],* $0#&%* 6"(&#],* ['#* 9d0"* $%,(^* %(* f* (&6$%&'* 9d%g=&%''#0"* j* <6''6"(E
&%]6&4%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*(0"*6''#%((%*k*[BSJE*=S*1QTÊ*9d6,(%,&*,(#9#'%*9d)?,#$69%"(*(&#$#69
4d,"* =&)5%=(%* >0,443#'(%* 0,* '(0{5#%"* [e:696/%* 4%$6"(* (6* =0&(%* me* %(* e;55,=%H(0#* 4%* (%'
0#]"0"'*me*"d6/6"(*=6'*)()*&%(%",'^S*7,(&%*%g=&%''#0"*=&05)46"(*'6"'*40,(%E*%99%E*4d,"*'0,&4
&%(&6$6#9*D*6$0#&*96*>0,53%*j*50--%*,"%*%&&%,&*6,*-#9#%,*4%*96*F#],&%*k*[GS8SE*=S*@UQ^S
;"*C0,%&6*6,''#*',&*9d30-0=30"#%*F6#-*\*F#"E*46"'*j*$0(&%*F6#-*%'(*'6"'*F#"*k*[BSJSE*=S
TX^*%(*4%*-6"#.&%*=9,'*5&/=()%*46"'*j*M0,'*50"'0--0"'*(0,'*9%'*=96('*%(*5%=%"46"(*96*F#"
%'(*9f*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WQ^S*K"*=9,'*4%*96*F6#-*%(*4%*96*F#"E*9%*-0(*j*=6#"*k*[5FS*C0,&*'6"'*F#"*%(
C0,&*'6"'*=6#"^*"d%'(*=6'*90#"E*]0z(*4,*=6#"*%(*]0z(*4,*(%-='*'%*50"F0"46"(*=6&F0#'E*50--%
f*96*=6]%*W1*4%*F&'/#$/S*;"*)$0?,%*6,''#*[7SRSE*=S*@UA^*9%*-0(*j*&%F6#-*kE*?,#*&%''%->9%
,"*=%,*f*,"*&%F&6#"S
7,(&%'*&6==&053%-%"('*D*j*-6"]%&*k*\*j*-6"?,%&*k*[46"'*j*+%*(%-='*-6"]%*4,*'6>9%*c
9d30--%*-6"?,%*4%*'6>9%E*%(*#9*-6"]%*'0"*(%-='*=6&(#*6$%5*k*$8*OS7SE*=S*1UT^*%(*j*$%"(&%
>)6"(*k*\*j*$%"(&%*")6"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WLÊ*'0#(*%"*=,#''6"5%*,"*$%"(&%*])6"(*=6&*',==&%''#0"H
64C0"5(#0"*q*,"*=%,*50--%*=0,&*j*N%=&%"4'*,"%*40'%*4%*=&)'%"(*k*[;SRSE*=S*1W^*?,#*=&05.4%
'6"'*40,(%*4%*eN%=&%"4'*4%*96*=,&)%e*%(*6,(&%'*eN%=&%"4'*,"*-0&5%6,*4%*&s(#eS
I0&(*%(*-693%,&*5s(0#%"(*'0,$%"(*96*-6"]%&#%*D*9%*j*&%=6'*4%*(%&&%*k*=6&*%g%-=9%E*=6&
0==0'#(#0"*f*j*5&p"%*4d65(#0"*k*[GSNSE*=S*VTÊ*'d#9*)$0?,%*,"%*-#'%*%"*(%&&%E*)$0?,%*6,''#*9%'
=#''%"9#('E*4%*5%,g*?,d0"*-6"]%*=6&*96*&65#"%*c*4%*-l-%E*0-"#$0&%E*0"*j*|F%&6}*')=,9(,&%*4%
(0,(*k*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*WX^*q*5%=%"46"(*?,d,"*=&0$%&>%*(%&&#>9%*"0,'*&6==%99%&6*5%((%
#"C,'(#5%*D*j*R5#*',&*(%&&%*D*9%'*,"'*-6"]%"(E*9%'*6,(&%'*'%*4)'%'=.&%"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*@WL^S
R9* /* 6* 6,''#* ,"* j* 4)'%'=0#&* 4%'* 530'%'* ?,#* '%* 96#''%"(* -6"]%&* k* [BSJSE* =S* @VXÊ* 5%
4)'%'=0#&*[?,#*%'(*4#(*j*f*'0"*50->9%*k*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&'45+9??&^*'d6==9#?,6"(*'6"'*40,(%
6,''#*6,g*j*-6"])'*50"'5#%"('*4%*9dl(&%*k*[e9d30--%*%'(*9d6"#-69*?,#*'6#(*?,d#9*%'(*-6"])e
'%*=&)'%"(6"(*50--%*,"*6C0,(*=0''#>9%*f*96*9#'(%*4%'*4)F#"#(#0"'*)$0?,)%*5#H6$6"(^S*B%96
=0')E*9%*4)'%'=0#&*%"*?,%'(#0"*'d%g=&#-%*=&%'?,%*(0,C0,&'*4%*F6b0"*5056''%*%(*9d0"*"d%'(
C6-6#'*(&.'*90#"E*50--%*#5#*6$%5*9%*j*96#''%&H-6"]%&*kE*4%'*-0"(&%'*-099%'*4%*O69#*0,*4%
96*50"F#(,&%*(%99%*?,%*536"()%*=6&*9%'*F&.&%'*G65?,%'*[j*b6*50,9%*=6&(0,(*\*b6*4)]0,9#"%*\
=0,&?,0#*/*6H(H#9*4%'*(&0,'*46"'*9%*=6#"*h*k^S*O6"'*,"%*536"'0"*4%*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&
[=S11Ê*0"*F%&6*&#-%&*j*]#]0()*k*%(*j*]&#]"0()*k*[]#],%E*]#]0(*%(*9d6&]0(#?,%*eGd/*]0eF#],&6"(
=%,(Hl(&%*46"'*9%*'0,'H(%g(%^S
6'*987).)$9E*-6"]%&*=0,&&6*l(&%*=&)'%"()*F#.&%-%"(*[0"*5&#%&6*=&%'?,%*eZ6(*6"4*=&0,4*me^
%(*4%*F6b0"*>%6,50,=*=9,'*=0'#(#$%*[#9*/*6,&6*-l-%*,"%*j*B36"'0"*4%'*]&0'*k^*50--%
1WV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
9d6FF#&-6(#0"*4d,"*4)'#&*4%*50"(#",%&*f*$#$&%*%(*9%*-0/%"*=&#$#9)]#)*4%*=6''%&*4d,"*)(6(*f*,"
6,(&%*c*#5#E*0"*-6"]%*=0,&*536"]%&*9%*-0"4%E*6$0#&*,"%*65(#0"*',&*9,#*D*j*M0,'*-6"]%0"'
'#* $#09%--%"(* ?,%E* =6&* -)96"]%* 4%* (0,(E* 5d%'(* ,"* 6,(&%* -0"4%* 4%-6#"* ?,#* $6* '0&(#&* 4%
"0,'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@AU^S*7,(&%*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"E*5%99%H9f*=9,'**#-=%&5%=(#>9%E*#9*'%->9%&6#(*?,df
=6&(#&*4%*96*=6]%*@@T*[$8*BSJSÊ*9%'*-6"]%,&'*'%*536"]%"(*%"*40&-%,&'*%(*%"*j*40&-6"('*kE
9%*'0--%#9*)(6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*50--%*,"*4)>,(*4%*96*F#"*%"*-l-%*(%-='*?,d,"%*F#"*6""0"5)%
4%*96*F6#-E*,"%*4)9#$&6"5%E*,"%*9#>)&6(#0"*q*5%96*4#(E*=6''%&*4%*9d)(6(*4%*-6"]%,&*f*5%9,#*4%
40&-%,&*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*,"*F&%#"*f*96*-6"]%&#%*'#*9d0"*(#%"(*50-=(%*[%(*46"'*9d0=(#?,%
"0$6&#"#%""%*D*#9*F6,(*9%*F6#&%^*4,*=&0$%&>%*ea,#*40&(*4w"%eS
RKRKoK&,*&/#1))2(1)%&%(&$*&5#)(
O6"'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&E* -0&(* %(* "0,&&#(,&%* '0"(* 6''05#)'\-)96"])%'* f* 96* =6]%* @QT* D
j*M0,'*'0--%'*#5#*f*96*F0#'*,"%*(0->%*%(*50--%*,"%*%6,*4%*"6#''6"5%*D*4%*96*=0,&&#(,&%*%(
4%*96*"0,&&#(,&%*kS*B0--%*'0,$%"(*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*(0,(*%'(*$&6#*D*,"%*530'%*%(*'0"*50"(&6#&%*D
46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*0"*4#&6*j*Bd%'(*=6&*96*>0,53%*?,d0"*50--%(*9%*5&#-%*k*f*96*=6]%
QT1*%(*j*M0,'*"%*=0,&&0"'*50--,"#?,%&*96*$#%*?,%*=6&*96*>0,53%*k*f*96*=6]%*TWE*4,69#()
(60{'(%*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*,"*=%,*46"'*,"%*6''05#6(#0"*>#u6&&%*50--%*j*-0&4%,&*C65,9#%&*k*[BSJSE
=S*@@X^*%(*46"'*,"%*-6g#-%*4%*$#%*50--%*j*`#$&%*%(*'6#]"%&*k*[BSJSE*=S*@XU^S
!"%* 5%&(6#"%* -0&>#4#()* 50-#?,%* '%&6* (0,C0,&'* =9,'* 0,* -0#"'* 4%* -#'%* c* 6#"'#E* f* 96
?,%'(#0"* j* a,d6'H(,* 40"")* f* -6"]%&* f* (0"* 5646$&%* 4%* 50&='* h* kE* 0"* &)=0"4&6* j* O,
56465&%*k*[BSJSE*=S*WT@^*-6#'*'#*j*|9%'}*5646$&%'*'%*"0,&&#''%"(*4%*56465&%*kE*#9'*>0#$%"(
6,''#*4,*j*>0,#990"*4%*0"u%*k*[BSJSE*=S*@@@^S*K"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%*9%'*-0&('*%"*=,#''6"5%E
#9*'d6]#(*4%*j*-6"]%&*$#$6"('*4,*$#$6"(*=0,&*4%$%"#&*4%'*5646$&%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*@TÊ*5%*?,#*6
?,%9?,%*530'%*4%*4)=&#-6"(S
8d#9*/*6*[$0#&*=9,'*36,(^*,"*j*-/'(.&%*4%*-6"]%&*kE*#9*/*6*%"50&%*,"*4&6-%*4,*-6"]%6]%E
,"%*#&0"#%*f*-6"]%&*D*j*I6"]%&*%'(*"0,'*(&6"'F0&-%&*%"*,"*-0&(*%(*5%=%"46"(*-6"]%&*5d%'(
$#$&%*k*[NSE*=S*@@1^S*Bd%'(*,"*&%"$%&'%-%"(*4%*96*=&0=0'#(#0"*-09#)&%'?,%*[5FS*4#690],%*I6w(&%
G65?,%'\J6&=6]0"^*c*#5#E*#9*F6,(*-6"]%&*=0,&*-0,&#&*q*5%96*"0,'*&6==%99%*6,''#*,"%*'#(,6(#0"
=6&640g69%*4,*N9S.0&'.#'=9#7'(&':.'8#$7*D*:6&46-,*-6"]%*4%'*>0w(%'*4%*50"'%&$%*(0,(
%"*'6536"(*?,d#9*9%'*$0-#&6*-6#'*=0,&*9%'*$0-#&E*#9*F6,(*4d6>0&4*9%'*50"'0--%&S*O%*-l-%E
9d30--%* '6536"(* ?,d#9* $6* -0,&#&* 50"(#",%* f* -6"]%&* =0,&* 50"(#",%&* f* $#$&%* c* -6"]%&* %'(
50--%*,"*%"(&6w"%-%"(*f*96*-0&(E*,"%*F6b0"*4dl(&%*=&l(E*%"*)(6"(*9f*9%*C0,&*GS*qe-6"]%&E
5d%'(*-0,&#&*,"*=%,e*%"*?,%9?,%*'0&(%*[6,*F0"4*9%*j*&#%"*?,#*(0->%*(0,(*9%*(%-='*k*%'(*=%,(H
l(&%*,"*69#-%"(^S
O6"'* 45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&' [=S* TUÊ* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 9d0"* 5&0#'%* 4%* (%&&#F#6"('* u0->#%'
56""#>69%'* ?,#* '0"(* 4%'* j* 6"(#=%&'0""%'* $0&65%'* f* (l(%'* 5646$)&#?,%'* k* q* 0"* %'(* 90#"
4%'* j* -65536>)%'* &0"4'* %(* =&0'=.&%'* k* 536"()'* =6&* :&6''%"'S* K$0?,0"'* %"F#"* %(* =9,'
=&)5#')-%"(*9%*=3)"0-."%*?,#*',55.4%*f*96*-6"]%&#%*[9,#H6,''#E*5%*=3)"0-."%E*6*f*$0#&
6$%5*96*-0&(^*c*5%*'%&6E*'%->9%H(H#9E*,"%*6,(&%*]&6"4%*6$%"(,&%E*=6''#0""6"(%*%99%H6,''#**D
j*Gd6#*=6'')*-6*$#%*%"*=&0F0"4%*4#]%'(#0"*k*[BSJS*=S*@XU^S
R9*'%->9%&6#(*?,d#5#E*M0$6&#"6*'0#(*(&.'*50-=9)-%"(6#&%*6$%5*7&(6,4E*9%*5&)"%6,*4%*5%
4%&"#%&*)(6"(*=9,(s(*5%*?,d#9*"0--6#(*F)569#()E*F0&-%*4%*-0&(*f*96?,%99%*#9*'d6]#''6#(*=0,&*9,#*4%
'%*50"F&0"(%&*46"'*,"%*=%&'=%5(#$%*6953#-#?,%*%(*-)(6=3/'#?,%*$0#&%*6953#-)(6=3/'#?,%S
+d6,(%,&* 4%* D.:/7.E&* &%'(%* 5%=%"46"(* (&.'* =&053%* 4%* N6>%96#'E* (%9* ?,%* 4)5&#(* =6&* J,]0
[50--%*:0"*"0,'*9%*&6==%99%^*46"'*'0"*_$::$.?'K+.Z&/%&.)&*D*j*Gd6#*5&,*?,%*5d)(6#(*,"%
&#=6#99%E* 5d%'(* ,"%* 6]0"#%* c* 0"* =%,(* '%* (&0-=%&* 4%* 30?,%(S* N#0"'* (0,(* 4%* -l-%S* +6* -0&(
1XA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
%'(*f*(6>9%S*kS*a,6"(*6,g*j*=%&'0""%'*$0&65%'*k*)$0?,)%'*=&)5)4%--%"(E*5d%'(*=9,(s(*6,
@X1
C6&&/?,%*j*B0->6(*4%'*`0&65%'*50"(&%*9%'*50&#65%'*k*?,d#9*"0,'*F6#(*'0"]%&S
RKRKrK&YW"<%&#1&")79%
<0,&*&)',-%&E*0"*-6"]%*,"*=%,*4%*(0,(*46"'*9%*e&%'(6,&6"(*M0$6&#"6eE*,"*&%'(6,&6"(*)(&6"]%
%(*F6-#9#%&*0o*'%*"0,&&#&*%'(*6,''#*,"*&)F9%g%*=6&F0#'*50"'5#%"(*4d6,(04)F%"'%*D*j*M0,'*"%
-6"]%0"'*?,%*=0,&*'6,$%&*96*$#%*f*?,%9?,d,"*k*[;SNSE*=S*W1^*D*',==0'0"'*?,%*5d%'(*'0#S
;"* "0,'* 9%* &6==%99%* D* j* B%* ?,%* "0,'* -6"]%0"'* 4%$#%"4&6* "0(&%* 50&='* k* [BSJSE* =S
@AVÊ* #4)%* (&.'* &%(&6$6#99)%* 46"'* 456*7&' $8*988#* [j* +d6>'0&=(#0"* 4%* 96* -6(#.&%* -%* "0,&&#(
4d,"*(&6#(S*K(*4%*5%((%*-6"4,56(#0"E*C%*(#&%*l(&%*|t}*<0,&*l(&%E*C%*40#'*(#&%&*-0"*l(&%*4d,"%
',>'(6"5%S*7*96*"0,&&#(,&%E*C%*40#'*(0,(kÊ*0o*9d0"*'%*-0"(&%*-l-%*(&.'*&%50""6#''6"(*S*j*869,(
f* (0#E* "0,&&#(,&%* m* :)"#%* '0#'H(,E* "0,&&#(,&%* m* [=S* @1VÊ* &%-%&5#%-%"(* )$0?,6"(* ,"%* =&#.&%
53&)(#%""%*[-l-%*'#*j*O0""%uH"0,'*6,C0,&4d3,#*"0(&%*=6#"*4%*5%*C0,&*k*4%$#%"(*j*<6''%uH
-0#*9%*=0#''0"*k*f*96*=6]%*',#$6"(%^*D*=6&*9fE*0"*&%-%&5#%*9%*-0"4%*%(*96*"6(,&%H=p(,&%**D
(0,(*5%*?,#*%'(*50"(&#>,%*f*"0,'*F6#&%*l(&%*q*%(*=6&F0#'*6,(&%*D*0"*-6"]%*%"*%FF%(*=0,&*l(&%
-6#'*)]69%-%"(*=0,&*6,(&%E*6,(&%&E*l(&%*6,(&%*D*j*20,(%*$#6"4%*"0,'*F6#(*6,(&%'*kS*R5#*40"5E
96*F&)?,%"(6(#0"*4d6,(&,#*6*4,*>0"*["0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*5%*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*9%*56'^*D*j*20,(%
$#6"4%*-%*F6#(*6,(&%E*Cd6#-%*$0,'*&%'=#&%&*k*[7SRSE*=S*@U@^S
j*<%&'#'(%&*%"*$#6"4%&#%*k*=6''%*=6&*9%*j*-6"]%6]%*k*%(*96*j*`#5(0#&%*4%*96*$#%*k*$#%"(
4%*5%*?,%*9d0"*50->9%*[-6#'*(0,C0,&'*=&0$#'0#&%-%"(^*9%*j*(&0,*I#6-*k*[$8*BSJS^S*R9*'d6]#(
%"*%FF%(*4%*'%*&)])")&%&*(0,(*%"*6==&)5#6"(*j*96*$#%*$#$6"(%*4%'*530'%'*"0,'*|=)")(&6"(}
9d6]&)6>9%* #"(%'(#"* k* [$8* BSJS^* %(* 4%* 'd%"50,&6]%&* %"* '%* 4#'6"(* =6&* %g%-=9%* j* -0&40"'
46"'*9d=&)'%"(*k*[;SNSE*=S*@V1^*5%=%"46"(*?,d0"*-6"]%*9%*-0"4%E*%(*=6'*'%,9%-%"(*46"'
'0"* %'=&#(* D* 0"* 9d,'%* %"* 9%* 4)$0&6"(* 4%'* /%,gS* J)96'* [%'(H5%* '#* 'z&* hÊ* #9* '%->9%* ?,%* 9%
&%=6'* %"* ?,%'(#0"* "%* 4,&%* C6-6#'* >#%"* 90"](%-='* D* j* 7,* >6"?,%(* 4%* 96* $#%E* (&0=* &6=#4%
50"$#$%*\*Gd6==6&,'*,"*C0,&*%(*C%*-%,&'*k*[8SE*=S*TL^S*B%96*=%,(*4)>0,53%&*',&*4%'*?,%'(#0"'
%'536(090]#?,%'*D*'#*96*=6"'%*=#90(%E*0o*"0,'*50"4,#(H%99%*h*<%,(Hl(&%*'d6]#(H#9*4%*'%*96#''%&
],#4%&*%(*4%*'d%"*&%-%((&%*6,g*j*-p530#&%'*'6536"(%'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@QW^S*:&%FE*#9*'%->9%&6#(
?,%*"0,'*'0/0"'*%"*=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*=6"')%*$0#&%*4d,"%*$)&#(6>9%*%(*&0>0&6(#$%*=3#90'0=3#%
[]6'(&0'0=3#%*$0#&%^*9#)%*6,*$%"(&%*%(*f*96*>0,53%S
O6"'*,"*6&(#59%E*P,#996,-%*7''%9#"*6>0&4%*96*?,%'(#0"*'0,9%$)%*46"'*5%((%*'0,'H=6&(#%*D
j* a,%* 9%* 50&='* 4%$#%""%* 5%* ?,d#9* #"].&%E* 5d%'(* 5%* ?,%* M0$6&#"6* "%* 5%''%* 4%* &)=)(%&E* 9,#
=0,&*?,#*9%*-/'(.&%*4%*=6&9%&*%'(*#"')=6&6>9%*4,*-/'(.&%*4%*-6"]%&*D*e|t}*#4%-*'0"(*96
@XQ
=6&09%*%(*9%*=6#"e**[BSJSE*=S*@AV^S*k *K(&%E*5d%'(*l(&%*-6"])E*%(*'%*'0,$%"#&*4%*(0,(*5%*?,%
"0,'*6$0"'*4)$0&)*[BSJSE*=S*WA^S*B%9,#*?,#*-6"]%*%'(*6#"'#*#"50&=0&)*46"'*5%96*-l-%*?,d#9
-6"]%*|t}*kE*9%*=3)"0-."%*e30'(#?,%e*4%*96*-6"4,56(#0"*4%*96*=6&09%*6,*-0-%"(*4%*96
50--,"#0"*#99,'(&6"(*=0''#>9%-%"(*5%*=&0=0'S
K"F#"E* 96* "0,&&#(,&%* 50--%* -0/%"* 4%* 4%$%"#&* 6,(&%* "d%'(* =6'* '%,9%-%"(* ,"* (3.-%
"0$6&#"#%"*D*#9*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*-l-%*%"50&%*=9,'*#-=0&(6"(*53%u*+%~#'*B6&&099*?,#*F6#(*',>#&
f*79#5%*4%*-,9(#=9%'*(&6"'F0&-6(#0"'*6/6"(*f*$0#&*6$%5*5%*?,d%99%*-6"]%*%(*5%*?,d%99%*>0#(E
9%*&)',9(6(*)(6"(*$#'#>9%*%(*=6&F0#'*-l-%*(0,(*f*F6#(*'=%5(65,96#&%S*O6"'*5%'*'5."%'E*B6&&099
[?,#*)(6#(*=0,&(6"(*,"*e59%&]/-6"e^*"0,'*=6&6w(*5%=%"46"(*-0#"'*-/'(#?,%*[4#'0"'*?,d#9*"0,'
@X1
**M0,'*F6#'0"'*699,'#0"*f*9d75(%*`*4dW=#')9$E*9%*50->6(*%"*?,%'(#0"*['#]"690"'H9%*6,*=6''6]%^*'%*(%&-#"6"(*[,"*=%,*f*9d#-6]%
4%*5%*?,#*'%*=6''%*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&^*=6&*,"%*$#5(0#&%*)5&6'6"(%*4%'*$0&65%'*?,#*j*0"(*50-=9.(%-%"(*-6"])*%(*4)$0&)*9%'
50&#65%'*k*['#5^S
@XQ
**P,#996,-%*7''%9#"E*j*+%*'0,&5#%&*4%*536#&*D4,*&6==0&(*4%*9d)5&#(,&%*6,*536-6"#'-%*kE*4.'=9#*+&'7+IM7).:&E*0=S*5#(E*=S*U1S
1X@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
=6&6w(*=%"'%&*-0#"'*f*9d30'(#%^*-6#'*6=&.'*(0,(E*"0,'*"d%"*'0--%'*=6'*'z&E*9%*'0,'H(%g(%
e69#5#%"e*)(6"(*6,''#*&#53%E*50-=9%g%*%(*(0,FF,*?,%*96*e'6>/&#"(3#?,%e*F0&l(*"0$6&#"#%""%S
RKUK&l12&%-(&'*/-&$%&:$*(&f
RKUKOK&,P*5B201y(E&'1&5#(&[&%/()E%&\
+%'*9#'(%'*?,#*F0"(*9%*4)>,(*4%*5%&(6#"%'*=#.5%'*[&6550,&5#%'*%(*&%"4,%'*=9,'*596''#?,%'*46"'
9%'*&)5%"(%'^*'0"(*=%,(Hl(&%*4%'*-%",'E*65(%,&*%(*=%&'0""6]%*'d6==&l(6"(*f*'%*F6#&%*(,%&H
-6"]%&*%(\0,*-6"]%&H(,%&*=6&*9%*(%-='*6$%5*6-0,&E*',&*'5."%*%(*4%$6"(*"0,'S
+d6->#],{()* 4,* -0(* %"(&)%* [5FS* %"(&)%* %"* '5."%* \* %"(&)%['^* 4d,"* -%",^* '%* &%(&0,$%
4d6#99%,&'*f*96*=6]%*@W*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*D*f*96*?,%'(#0"E*=0')%*=6&*9dK"F6"(*4%*`#6"4%E*j*K(
?,d%'(H5%*?,d#9'*0"(*%,*50--%*%"(&)%*h*k*:0->#.&%*[=0''#>9%*-0(H50-=&0-#'*%"(&%*&0->#.&%
%(*>0->6"5%^*&)=0"4&6*j*B0--%*%"(&)%E*#9'*0"(*%,*4%*9d6&&#.&%H(&6#"*kE*5%*?,#*&%"$0#%*,"*=%,
6,g*'=)5#69#()'*56""#>69%'*50"505()%'*=6&*N096"4*20=0&S*<&)5#'0"'*%"*=6''6"(*?,%*5%*(/=%
4d6->#],{()*%g#'(%*4)Cf*f*9d)(6(*>&,(*46"'*96*96"],%*F&6"b6#'%E*46"'*5%&(6#"'*"0-'*50--,"'
[6$056(E* &%9#]#%,'%E* F&#')%E* &0-6#"%E* (6&(6&%E* 6"40,#99%Ê* 5%&(6#"'* "0-'* =&0=&%'* [B36&90((%E
I64%9%#"%E*B9)-%"(#"%E*B%&#'%E*B6""%99%E*;9#$%*$0#&%*G)','*%(*86964%*4%*F&,#('Ê*5%&(6#"'
"0-'*4%*'6#"('*[86#"(*J0"0&)E*86#"(*K-#9#0"Ê*5%&(6#"'*j*=%(#('*"0-'*k*[-0"*96=#"E*-0"*530,E
-0"*530,*f*96*5&.-%E*-6*=0,9%Ê*5%&(6#"'*-0('*4d6&]0(*[=0,9%(E*$653%E*&0'>#FE*=0#&%E*=0--%E
>r,FH56&0((%E* 6,>%&]#"%^* 0,* 5%&(6#"%'* %g=&%''#0"'* #-6])%'* [%"* 5&0?,%&E* l(&%* f* 5&0?,%&E
5&0?,%&*9%*-6&-0(E*5,#'#"%&*?,%9?,d,"E*-6"]%,'%*4d30--%E*4)],'(%&E*>0,FF%&*4,*5,&)^S
+d6,(&%*(&0,>96"(%*6->#],{()E*5d%'(*5%99%*?,#*%g#'(%*%"(&%*9%'*-0('*'5."%*%(*5."%*c*53%u
M0$6&#"6E*96*5."%*f*9#%,*',&*'5."%*%(*9%'*=6#"'*'0"(*4%'*65(%,&'S*20,(*6,''#*0>')4)*=6&*96
"0,&&#(,&%E*869$640&*O69#*6*',*&%=&)'%"(%&*5%*(/=%*4d6->#],{()*%"*6''#-#96"(*96*'5."%*f*,"%
>0,53%E*5%5#*46"'*,"*(6>9%6,*#"(#(,9)*V).8('9%I).*0o*9d0"*$0#(*(&0#'*536"(%,&'*%(*,"%*'0&(%*4%
53r,&*6"(#?,%*50-=0')*4%*(&0#'*<6&?,%'*'%*-0,$0#&*',&*,"*(3)p(&%*%"*F0&-%*4%*-p530#&%
[%"*36,(E*#9*/*6*,"*"%u*%(*%"*>6'*D*,"*-%"(0"^S
RKUKRK&?/&"*//2B*$2-5%&)%/'1&"#5231%
R9*"0,'*F6,(*)$0?,%&*f*"0,$%6,*,"%*6,(&%*0=(#0"*c*5d%'(*?,%E*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*9d6"(3&0=0=36]#%
"d%'(*C6-6#'*(&.'*90#"*D*j*I#6-*46"'*9d30--%*'6"4~#53*m*k*[;SNSE*=S*VX^S*7,*F0"4E*=6'*$&6#-%"(
4d0]&%*46"'*9d,"#$%&'*4)5&#(*D*(0,(*9%*-0"4%*%'(*,"*=%,*0]&%*[0,*4#'0"'*?,%*9d30--%*%'(*,"
0]&%*=0,&*9d30--%^S*O6"'*5%(*,"#$%&'*)(&6"]%E*0"*"%*&0"]%*=6'*'0"*F&%#"*-6#'*0"*j*&0"]%
'0"*%"F6"(*k*[OS`SE*=S*@LWÊ*,"*=%,*50--%*0"*5&0?,%*9%*-6&-0(S*O%*F6#(E*46"'*4.'>+.$)
(&':5+9??&E*0"*/[\%"*h^*5&0?,%*c*-6#'*5%*?,d#9*F6,(*50-=&%"4&%*[%"9%$6"(*9%'*-6C,'5,9%'
4,*(#(&%Ê*5d%'(*?,d0"*/*5&0?,%*9#(()&69%-%"(*46"'[\f*-l-%^*96*536#&*4%*9d30--%S*I69]&)*9%'
#-6]%'*30&&#>9%'*?,%*5%96*=%,(*#-=9#?,%&E*9%*=&0=0'*&%'(%*4&s9%E*%(*9%*(0"*%'(*=6&F0#'*-l-%
(0,(*f*F6#(*%"C0,)S
O6"'*96*&)69#()E*96*C0#%*4%*-6"]%&*%'(*6,''#*=6&F0#'*9#)%*6,*4)'#&*%(*f*9d6((%"(%E*f*9d#4)%
%(* f* 96* =%&'=%5(#$%* 4%'* =96('* [40"(* 9d)"0"5)* F6#(* '69#$%&E* 40""%* 9d%6,* f* 96* >0,53%^* %(* =6'
'%,9%-%"(*f*96*'6(#'F65(#0"*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*4%*j*I%''%&*P6'(%&*k*q*50--%*4#&6#(*N6>%96#'S
;&E*53%u*M0$6&#"6E*#9*'%->9%*?,d#9*/*6#(*%"*F6#(*50"F,'#0"*[$0#&%*#4%"(#F#56(#0"*0,*6''#-#96(#0"Ê
%"(&%*=96('*%(*"0-'*4%'*=96('S
<6&04#6"(*,"*6#&*%"C0,)*50"",*[5FS*',&*9%*=0"(*4d7$#]"0"Ê*0"*=0,&&6#(*=&%'?,%*4#&%*?,%E
46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&E*j*0"*/*-6"]%*m*0"*/*-6"]%*m*kS*Bd%'(*?,d#9*/*6E*50--%*53%u
N6>%96#'*,"*%"(&6#"*f*-6"]%&*%(*f*&%-6"]%&*%"50&%*D*j*;3)*9%'*(0,'E*'0/%u*>%6,50,=*m
`#(%*%(*'0,$%"(E*&%-6"]%u*(0,(*m*k*[BSJSE*=S*V@^*c*9d%g30&(6(#0"*&%''%->9%*4d6#99%,&'*,"*=%,
1X1
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
f*9d#"C0"5(#0"*>#>9#?,%*4,*j*B&0#''%u*%(*-,9(#=9#%u*m*kS*<0,&(6"(E*#9*=%,(*6,''#*/*6$0#&*46"'
9d6''#%((%* ,"%* j* 536"'0"* 6FF&%,'%* kS* B%((%* 536"'0"* 6FF&%,'%E* 5d%'(* '6"'* 40,(%* 5%* 4%'(#"
4d30--%*%(*4%*F,(,&*-6"])*?,d#9*'d6]#(*4d6'',-%&*q*56&*=6&F0#'E*5d%'(*'0#*?,d#9*/*6*46"'*9%
=96(SSS
Bd%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*9%*56'*f*96*=6]%*1W*4,*@$/*9#)/'.#A'.8$?.#A*D*j*(&0#'*5%"(*50"$#$%'
',>&%=(#5%-%"(*'d#"'(699.&%"(*6,(0,&*4%*-0#*6FF6-)'*%(*C0/%,g*kS*<9,'*90#"E*9%'*-6"]%,&'*'%
-,9(#=9#%"(*%"50&%*-6#'*0"*50-=&%"4*?,%*9%*=96(*4,*C0,&*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*9%*"6&&6(%,&H
6,(%,&*[?,#*F6#(*-l-%*=6&(#%*4,*j*&%=6'*4%*>6"?,%(*k^*D*j*M0,'*9%$#0"'*90#"*4%*"0'*'#.]%'
"0'*3,#(*-#99%*50,(%6,g*'#4)&6,g*kS*Bd%'(*'6"'*40,(%*9%*-0"4%*?,d0"*'d6==&l(%*f*-6"]%&*q
=0,&(6"(*9d6->#],{()*&%'(%*=&)'%"(%*D*50--%*#9*"0,'*9d%'(*6'',&)*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&E
j*|"0'}*>0,53%'*'0"(*F6#(%'*"0"*=0,&*=6&9%&*-6#'*=0,&*-6"]%&*9%'*]%"'*kS*;"*=0,&&6*=6&
%g%-=9%*j*|-6"]%&}*4,*=6=%(*]&%"0>90#'*k*[BSJSE*=S*@QWÊ*=&%"4&%*j*|'6}*'r,&*50--%*,"#?,%
"0,&&#(,&%*f*'0"*(&0,*4)F%"46"(*k*[BSJSE*=S*@XUÊ*=&%"4&%*9%*&#'?,%*['#*9d0"*6*j*-69*(&6$6#99)*k^
4dl(&%*-6"])*=6&*9%'*j*$&6#'*0,$&#%&'*k*[BSJSE*=S*XVÊ*>0#&%*(&0=*j*4%*(l(%'*3,-6#"%'*k*[OS7SE
=S*@TA^*0,*l(&%*j6$69)*'0,46#"*=6&*,"%*F%--%*-0&(%*k*[BSJSE*=S*1X1Ê*56'*40,>9%*4d30&&%,&
[5FS*&%$%"6"(*…*56""#>69#'-%^*S*R9*/*6*%"50&%*4%'*=3&6'%'*6->#],‡'*50--%*j*C%*-6"]%&6#*96
96"],%*4%'*30--%'*k*[;SRSE*=S*TQ^S*a,6"(*6,*-0(*4%*$#6"4%E*#9*'d6==9#?,%*6,''#*6,g*3,-6#"'*c
46"'*9d%g=&%''#0"*#"50"]&,%*j*I6#&%*4%*`#6"4%*k*[OS`SE*=S*1XW^*=6&*%g%-=9%E*#9*/*6*9d#4)%
4d,"%*$#99%*?,#*'d6==%99%&6#(*`#6"4%*-6#'*6,''#*5%99%*?,%*9%*-6#&%*%'(*%"*$#6"4%E*F6#(*4%*$#6"4%
$0#&%*(0,(*f*F6#(*50-%'(#>9%S
K"*'0--%*%(*%"*=&0=0'6"(*f*"0(&%*(0,&*,"*0g/-0&%E*0"*=0,&&6#(*40"5*&%=6&9%&*53%u
5%(* 6,(%,&* 4d,"* 56""#>69#'-%* 50-#?,%* ?,#* '%&6#(* f* 9dr,$&%* 46"'* '%'* =#.5%'S* Z0&(* 4%
'0"* 9)]%"46#&%* 3,-0,&* "0#&E* 9%* (69%"(,%,g* N096"4* 20=0&* 6* )]69%-%"(* C0,)* 4%\6$%5* 5%((%
&3)(0&#?,%* 46"'* 9%* &%5,%#9* [,"* &%5,%#9* 4%* &%5%((%'* %"* F6#(^* #"(#(,9)* :.' >#$/$8&' >.88$=.:&E
#-6]#"6"(*4%'*(#(&%'*6,''#*655&053%,&'*?,%*4)'0=#96"('*D
Le faux prêtre faisait manger de la chair humaine à ses fidèles. Un biberon a
permis d’identifier le mangeur de nourrisson. La police recherchait un criminel :
elle retrouve un gigot.
R4%-*=0,&*8~#F(*?,#E*46"'*'6*I04%'(%*=&0=0'#(#0"*=0,&*%-=l53%&*9%'*%"F6"('*4%'*=6,$&%'
4dl(&%*f*96*536&]%*4%*9%,&'*=6&%"('*0,*4%*9%,&*=6/'*%(*=0,&*9%'*&%"4&%*,(#9%*6,*=6/'E*=&)50"#'%
,"%* -6"]%&#%* ?,%* I6&#0"* :6(6#99%* #99,'(&6* =0,&* 9%'* )4#(#0"'* I#99%* %(* ,"%* ",#('* D* 0"* /* $0#(E
5,#'6"(*46"'*,"%*53%-#")%E*,"*%"F6"(*%->&s53)*'%&$#&*4d6==)(#''6"(*&s(#S
K"*'0--%*%(*%"50&%*,"%*F0#'E*0"*$0#(*?,%*M0$6&#"6*'d#"'5&#(*46"'*,"%*'0&(%*4%*(&64#(#0"
[J)'#04%E*N6>%96#'E*<%&&6,9(E*8~#F(^*&%50"4,#(%*=6&*20=0&E*P0->&0~#5u*0,*O,>#996&4*-l-%
'd#9*F6,4&6#(*#5#*6C0,(%&*4%'*&)F)&%"5%'*%"50&%*=9,'*-04%&"%'E*5%&(6#"'*4%*5%'*(3.-%'*)(6"(
=%,(Hl(&%*,"*=%,*46"'*9d6#&*4,*(%-='*[=&%,$%*"0,$%99%*?,%*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*=6'*,"*0$"#Ê*6$%5
9%*=0=,96#&%*230-6'*J6&&#'*['0"*#"?,#)(6"(*J6""#>69*#"56&"6"(*,"%*F#],&%*6''%u*#")4#(%*D
5%99%*4,*56""#>69%*)&,4#(E*F)&,*4%*O6"(%E*%(5S^*-6#'*6,''#*J,>%&(*J64464*C0,6"(*',&*,"%
6->#],{()* >#>9#50H"0$6&#"#%""%* [9%* =6#"* f* -6"]%&* %'(H#9* ',&* 96* (6>9%* 0,* 6''#'* f* 5s()* 4%'
6=s(&%'*h^*=0,&*9%*(#(&%*4d,"*4%*'%'*&0-6"'E*+6*B."%*q*6,''#*>#%"E*0"*=0,&&6#(*)$0?,%&*9%
'%=(#.-%*6&(*%"*-%"(#0""6"(*#5#*<%(%&*P&%%"6~6/*?,#*46"'*+%*5,#'#"#%&E*9%*$09%,&E*'6*F%--%
%(*9d6-6"(*F6#(*'%*-l9%&*'36n%'=%6&#%""%-%"(*9%*'%g%E*96*"0,&&#(,&%*%(*96*-0&(*["0,'*F6#'0"'
"0(6--%"(*699,'#0"*f*96*'5."%*F#"69%*0o*9%*-6&#*(/&6""#?,%*%'(*'0--)*4%*-6"]%&*9d6-6"(
4%* '6* F%--%E* 5%((%* 4%&"#.&%* )(6"(* 6#4)%* =6&* ,"* 5,#'#"#%&* '/-=6(3#?,%* C0,)* =6&* N#536&4
:03&#"]%&^S
a,6"(*f*9d6==&053%*"0$6&#"#%""%E*%''%"(#%99%-%"(*50-#?,%*[-6#'*=6'*'%,9%-%"(Ê*%99%
"0,'*=6&6w(*40"5*6''%u*=&053%*4%*5%99%*4%*N6>%96#'*[<6"(6]&,%9*|t}*9,#*50,&(*','*\*%(*9,/
1XQ
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
$0,90#(* 6$69%&* 96* (%'(%* (0,(* "%(* k^* 0,* 4%* 836n%'=%6&%* #"$%"(6"(* 5%* 4#690],%* D* q* `0/0"'E
J6-9%(E*0o*%'(*<090"#,'*h*\*q*7*'0,=%&S*\*q*7*'0,=%&*h*;o*h*\*q*M0"*=6'*9f*0o*#9*-6"]%E
-6#'*0o*#9*%'(*-6"])*kS*;"*$0#(*40"5*?,d0"*=%,(*=6&9%&*6$%5*3,-0,&*["0#&^*4%*-6"]%&#%'
-0"'(&,%,'%'*%(*(%9*%'(*6,''#E*"0,'*'%->9%H(H#9E*9d6$#'*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
K"*F6#(E*"0,'*4)$%90==%&0"'*=9,'*(6&4*"0'*#4)%'*',&*5%(*6'=%5(*&3)(0&#?,%*F0"46-%"(69
?,#*50"'#'(%*f*6''05#%&*&#&%*%(*30&&%,&E*]&6"4#0'%*%(*'6,]&%",E*%(5S*+%*4&6-6(,&]%E*4%*F6#(E
'6#(* "0,'* &%"4&%* '%"'#>9%'E* %"* -l-%* (%-='E* f* 4%'* 56()]0&#%'E* 4%'* 4#-%"'#0"'* 6* =&#0&#
4#FF)&%"(%'*$0#&%*6"(6]0"#'(%'E*-6#'*%"*'%*50"(%"(6"(*4d%FF%5(,%&*,"*(&6$6#9*4%*4)$0#9%-%"(E
4%* -0"'(&6(#0"* D* 5%96* &%9.$%* =%,(Hl(&%* 6,''#* 4d,"%* $#'#0"* 5&/=(0H(60{'(%* 4%* 9d,"#$%&'* 0o* #9
"d/*6*=6'*$&6#-%"(*4%*59#$6]%*"#*4%*4#FF)&%"5%'*f*)(6>9#&*%"(&%*9%'*530'%'*-6#'*=9,(s(*,"%
#"(%&=)")(&6(#0"E*,"%*50-=9)-%"(6&#()S
a,0#*?,d#9*%"*'0#(E*9%*56""#>69#'-%*'%&6*&%(&6$6#99)*46"'*4%'*=#.5%'*=9,'*&)5%"(%'E*-6#'
4%*F6b0"*=6&F0#'*-0#"'*)$#4%"(%*c*6#"'#E*9%'*j*(&0,=%'*F&6w53%-%"(*3)9#=0&()%'*k*4%*+d;&#]#"%
&0,]%*[=S*QU^*'%*F%&0"(*'6"'*40,(%*4)$0&%&E*%(*5%*6,''#*'z&%-%"(*?,d,"*"0,$%9*6&&#$6]%*4%
-0,9%'S*O6"'*+6*85."%E*5%*'%&6*>%6,50,=*=9,'*596#&E*9%*-0(*j*30--%*k*)(6"(*56&&)-%"(
&%-=965)*=6&*j*I#6-*k*q9d30--%*[$0#&*=9,'*36,(^*%'(*6,''#*&6==&053)*4d,"*=6#"*[C,])*>0"
=6&*O#%,^*46"'*+d75(%*#"50"",E*%g%-=9%*=6&-#*4d6,(&%'S
RKUKVK&D1(#:<*02%&%(&5*/0%*0%-&)E"2:)#31%7,(0=36]#%* "d%'(* =6'* 6,(0-6"]%6]%* [0,* %"* (0,'* 56'* D* =6'* F0&5)-%"(Ê* 9%* =&%-#%&* -0(
=0,$6"(* 'd6==9#?,%&* f* ,"%* )$%"(,%99%* -6"]%&#%* 4%* $0#(,&%'* 6,(0-0>#9%'* H* 0"* 6* $,* ?,%
"0$6&#"#%""%-%"(E*96*530'%*)(6#(*=0''#>9%*D*j*Cd6#*-6"])*,"%*6,(0-0>#9%*&0'%H-%&4%H=p9%
=%,]%0(H=%,]%0(*c*=,#'*Cd6#*-6"])*,"6*=0&(#.&%*$%&(%E*=,#'*=6&*96*',#(%*,"6*&%"6,9(*f*(&0#'
="%,'*k*[BSJSE*=S*V@^S
R5#* =0,&(6"(E* 9d6,(0=36]#%E* 'd6==9#?,%* %"* =&#0&#()* f* '0#* c* 5%'* 56'* 4d6,(0-6"]%6]%* '%
&%"50"(&%"(*4.'*4.'4#77&'(&/'?9)7/*D*j*Gd9d%"(%"4'*(0,C0,&'*'d-6"]%&*'0#H-l-%*k*[=S*WWL^S
O6"'* F&' /#$/E* 0"* %'(* =&%'?,%* )5r,&)* 4%* j* '0#H9%H=96(* k* D* j* Gd6$6#'* -6"])* (0,(%* -6* $#%
%"*=p(,&%*C,'?,df*l(&%*&%=,*4%*96*-0&(*#"%&(%*4%*-0#H-l-%*k*[GS8SE*=S*WX^S*O6"'*4.*>+.$)
(&':5+9??&E*0"*=6&9%&6*4d,"%*j*=%&'0""%*-6"]%6"(%*4%*'0#*k*[=S*WU^*%(*0"*9#&6*f*96*=6]%
X1*D*j*86-%4#*50,(%6,E*4#-6"53%*C6->0"*D*96*-6"]%,'%*-6"]%*'6*-6#"*=,>9#?,%-%"(*k*q
6,(&%'*56'*D*9d%"(6-%*%"*j*I6"]%0"'H"0,'*|t}*k*f*96*=6]%*QU*["0,'*'0--%'*(0,C0,&'*46"'
4.*>+.$)*(&*:5+9??&Ê*j*+%*-p53%-%-%"(*4%*"0(&%*50&='*[=S*TTÊ*j*`0,'*F%&#%u*-#%,g*4%
$0,'*(6#&%*6,*9#%,*4%*$0,'*&0"]%&*96*(l(%*6#"'#*=0,&*"0,'*50,=%&*9d6==)(#(*k*[=S*@QT^*%(*[=S
@@A^*j*"0,'*-6"]%0"'*"0(&%*-l-%*%(*,"#?,%*"0,&&#(,&%*k*['0#*h^S
O6"'* 4&' @$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AE* 0"* %'(* =&)$%",* D* j* 7,C0,&4d3,#* D* 9d30--%* -6"]%
9d30--%*k*[=S*1W1^*c*#9*'d6]#(*=0,&*9%*j*C%*k*4%*j*|-6"]%&}*6$%5*-6*",#(*-6*=&0=&%*536#&*6$%5
-0#*k*[=S*@WL^*c*6#99%,&'*[=S*11LÊ*#9*'%&6*4#(*j+d6"#-69*4,*(%-='*40#(*4d6>0&4*'%**-6"]%&*9,#
6,''#*k*%(*[=S*1@U^*j*G%*-%*',#'*-0#H-l-%*-6"])*=0,&*9%*&%=6'*4d#5#*kS*:)-09*f*'#]"69%&*D*,"
)53%5*f*'%*-6"]%&E*Fz(H5%*%"*=6&09%'*[$8*OS7S^*c*0"*&%5%"'%*%"*%FF%(E*=0,&*=6&04#%&*9d6,(%,&E
4%'*j*G%6"H?,#H)530,%H46"'*9d6,(0=36]#%*kS
7,(&%*-0469#()*D*9%*F6#(*4%*j*-6"]%&*'6*$#%*k*['0#(E*=%,(Hl(&%E*'%*50"',-%&E*>&z9%&*96
$#%*=6&*9%'*4%,g*>0,('E*"%*=6'*'d)50"0-#'%&Ê*5%*(/=%*4%*-6"]%&#%*'%*&%(&0,$6"(*=%,(Hl(&%
46"'*j*Gd6$6#'*-6"])*(0,(%*-6*$#%*%"*=p(,&%*C,'?,df*l(&%*&%=,*4%*96*-0&(*#"%&(%*4%*-0#H
-l-%*k*[GS8SE*=S*WX^*%(*[OS7SE*=S*@LQ^*46"'*j*-6"])*(0,(%*,"%*=6&(#%*4%*-6*$#%*k*%(*j*&0"]%&
536?,%*'%50"4%*kS
O%*-l-%E*46"'*4&'@).?&'(&':.';$&*[=S*11QÊ*,"%*=3&6'%*50--%*j*G%6"*-6"]%*'6
$#6"4%*k*%'(*=%,(Hl(&%*6->#],‡*c*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@AWÊ*,"%*4#46'569#%E*j*R9*'%*-6"]%*kE
1XW
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
'd6==9#?,%*6,*j*I6"]%,&*4%*'0#H-l-%*k*%(*'#*5%*4%&"#%&*j*"%*=0&(%*=9,'*'6*(l(%*",99%*=6&(*k*[=S
@AQÊ*5d%'(*'6"'*40,(%*?,d#9*9d6*-6"])%S*K"*=6&96"(*4%*'0"*=&0=&%*50&='E*9%*'0946(*I#53%9
:6,4#"6(*[&6==%90"'*?,%*5d%'(*,"*'6#"(E*,"*-6&(/&^*4)596&%*?,6"(*f*9,#*j*G%*9%*&0-=#'*%(*9%
=6&(6]%6*k*[4%*9f*f*9%*-6"]%&*'0#H-l-%E*#9*"d/*6*?,d,"*=6'Ê*5%*?,#*40""%*#-=9#5#(%-%"(
9d#-6]%*50"5&.(%*4d,"*B3&#'(*%"*=6#"*%(*40"5*-6"]%6>9%E*#"56&"6(#0"*&%96(#$%-%"(*#")4#(%*4%
96*>0""%*=6&09%*q*=0,&(6"(*#5#E*9%*-0(*4d0&4&%*[6,(&%*4#FF)&%"5%*6$%5*9d%g=&%''#0"*36>#(,%99%
4d,"*-%''6]%*4%*(/=%*53&#'(#?,%^*'%&6#(*=9,(s(*j*I6"]%uH$0,'*-l-%*'0,'*96*(%&&%*5%*&%=6'
4%*$0,'H-l-%*k*[GS8SE*=S*V1^*c*>&%FE*6,(&,#*"d%'(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(*50"5%&")S
<9,'*50"5&.(%-%"(E*0"*96"5%&6*j*-6"]%0"'*"0,'*9%'*40#]('*k*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S*@Q1^*%(E
(0,C0,&'*46"'*F&'/#$/E*9d0"*4)596&%*6,''#*j*G%*-d)(6#'*-6"])*f*=%,*=&.'*(0,(*k*[=S*WWÊ*j*Cd6#
-6"])*-0"*l(&%E*5&0/6"(*9d36>#(%&*k*[=S*@WQ^*%(*46"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&*D*j*Gd6$69%
%(*C%*-6"]%*9%*C%*k*[=S*VX^S*O6"'*45J%I)&77&'$?.0$8.$)&E*0"*&)=0"4&6*j*<6&5%*?,%*5d%'(*96
530'%*',=&l-%* f* -0"*]0z(*k*f*96*?,%'(#0"* j* <0,&?,0#* -6"]%uH$0,'* $0(&%* -6#"* h* k* [=S
XL^*=,#'*0"*>6'5,9%&6*46"'*9%*F6"(6'(#?,%*6$%5*4%'*=3&6'%'*50--%*j*C%*-6"]%*,"*-0&5%6,
4%*-0"*50&='*-0&(S*I6#'*"0"*|t}*#9*%'(*$#$6"(E*#9*5&#%*m*k*0,*j*!"*-0&5%6,*4%*(0"*50&='*'0&(
-6#"(%"6"(*4%*-0#*|t}S*!"*=0&5*'0&(*=6&*96*>0,53%kE*%(5S
Bd%'(*?,%*9%*50&='*4d6,(&,#*%'(*=6&F0#'*=&#'*%"*50"'#4)&6(#0"*D*46"'*5%*56'*4%*F#],&%E*#9*/*6
50--%*,"%*5#&5,96(#0"*(&.'*F9,#4%*%"(&%*'0#*%(*6,(&,#*%(*,"*=3)"0-."%*(&.'*)(&6"]%*4%*$6'%'
50--,"#56"('S*+%'*=6&09%'*4,*B3&#'(*'%&0"(*-l-%*&%(&6$6#99)%'*46"'*5%*'%"'*D*j*$0,'*$0,'
-6"]%u*9%'*,"'*9%'*6,(&%'*=6&*96*=%"')%*'6"'*$0,'*%"*6=%&5%$0#&*k*[BSJSE*=S*@TU^*q*$(&?
=0,&*9%*j*`6"#(6'*k*D*j*<0,&&#(,&%*?,%*96*"0,&&#(,&%*4%*9d30--%*=6&*9d30--%*k*[=S*@QU^S*+%*40"
4%*'0#*[%(*=%,(Hl(&%*%"*F#9#]&6"%*9%*'65&#F#5%*4,*B3&#'(^*'%*&%(&0,$%*f*96*=6]%*1TV*4,*@$/*9#)/
.#A*.8$?.#A*D*j*2,*40#'*40""%&*-6#"(%"6"(E*4%*(0"*$#$6"(E*(%'*-%->&%'*6,g*6,(&%'*]%"'
4d6,(&,#*k*c*f*96*=6]%*Q@TE*5%*'%&6*9%*4)F#*',#$6"(*D*j*G%*(%*-6"]%&6#*96*(l(%E*G%6"*N#?,%(E*'#*(,
"%*4#'*=6'*D*C%*',#'*(0#*kS*O6"'*4&'F.)($8'(&')&*988.$//.8*&E*-l-%*(&0,>96"(%*6->#],{()*D
j*B%((%*536#&*%(*-0#E*"0,'*'0--%'*,"*'%,9*%(*-l-%*&%=6'*k*[=S*XX^S
O6"'* 456*7&' $8*988#E* '%* (&0,$%* %g=&#-)%* 9d#4)%* ?,%* 5%(* 6,(0-6"]%6]%* %'(
%''%"(#%99%-%"(*-)(6=30&#?,%*D*'d#9*/*6*j*&%=6'*4%*-0#H-l-%*kE*j*-6*>0,53%*k*"d/*6*j*=0#"(
=&#'*=6&(*k*c*5d%'(*=9,(s(*9dj*%"(&%-6"]%6]%*k*?,#*%'(*=&)50"#')*[=S*@U1^*D*j*I6"]%0"'H"0,'*9%'
-6#"'E*"0,'*9%'*3,-6#"'*k*[7SRSE*=S*@U1Ê*-6#'*9d#"C0"5(#0"*&%'(%*6->#],‡S*7,(&%*055,&&%"5%*D
j*0"*9,#*$%"4*4%*F0&5%*,"%*536#&*%"*],#'%*4%*50&='*%(*#9*9d#"],&]#(%*=0,&*96*$#$&%*[=S*@V^S*7*96
=6]%*@@@*%"F#"E*0"*6''#'(%*6,*j*F%'(#"*4%*'0#*k*4%*+dJ0--%*",*D*j*G%*-6"]%*-6*>0,9%*4%
-6#"*]6,53%*4%*=%,&*?,d%99%*'%*'6,$%*c*C%*&0]"%*-6*=0]"%*4%*4&0#(%*4%*=%,&*?,d%99%*&%'(%
9f*c*C%*-6"]%*-6*>0,9%*4%*",#(S*kS*7,*F0"4E*5%*?,d#9*#"].&%E*5d%'(*'0"*-/'(.&%*q*9%*-/'(.&%
4dl(&%*5%*?,d#9*%'(E*40()*4%*-6#"'E*%-=9#*4%*",#(E*=9%#"*4%*?,%'(#0"'S
!"* =%,* 46"'* ,"* -l-%* 0&4&%* 4d#4)%E* 9d%g=&%''#0"* j* %"* 6$0#&* '0,=)* kE* ?,0#?,%
9)].&%-%"(*(&0"?,)%E*'d6==9#?,%*f*'0#*46"'*F&'/#$/*%(*9%*=%&'0""6]%*"0$6&#"#%"*?,#*j*'0,=%
4%* '0#* k* [=S* @1V^* "0,'* &6==%99%* #&&)'#'(#>9%-%"(* ,"* =%&'0""6]%* 40,>9%* ?,#* '%->9%* [4,
-0#"'* D* f* "0(&%* 6$#'^* '%* "0,&&#&* 4%* 9,#H-l-%* f* 96* =%(#(%* 5,#99.&%* c* 5d%'(* 5%9,#* 4,* (6>9%6,
>.88$=.:$/?&'(5.#79?8&E*4%*869$640&*O69#S*O6"'*5%((%*=%#"(,&%*5%=%"46"(E*5d%'(*=%,(Hl(&%
4d,"*50,=9%*?,d#9*'d6]#(*q*-6#'*4d6,5,"'*50"'#4)&%&0"(*?,%*5d%'(*=9,(s(*9%*(3.-%*4,*40,>9%
[$0#&%*j*4d6,(&,#H9%H50&='*k^*?,#*%'(*)$0?,)*%(*?,%*9d#"(%"(#0"*])")&69%*'%->9%*$6],%-%"(
50-#?,%* [=0,&&6* )]69%-%"(* "0,'* $%"#&* f* 9d%'=&#(* 9d)$%"(,%9* 4)(0,&"%-%"(* 4d%g=&%''#0"
=0=,96#&%*50"",%*?,#*50"'#'(%&6#(*f*&)=0"4&%*eBd%'(*4,*>%,&&%*me*f*96*?,%'(#0"*eK(*(6*'r,&*he^S
O%*F6b0"*'0,&4%*-6#'*50"'(6"(%E*#9*/*6*50--%*,"*>0,53%*f*>0,53%*%"(&%*9%'*l(&%'E*,"%
50--,"#56(#0"*'%5&.(%*%(*=0,&(6"(*=&%'?,%*$#'#>9%E*,"%*'0&(%*4%*>%5?,)%S*+%*-0"4%*%'(
,"%*5."%*0o*5%*?,#*'d)536"]%E*5d%'(*96*=6&09%*q*-6#'*=6'*46"'*,"*'%"'*50--,"#56(#0""%9S
1XX
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
RKUKcK&]%:*-u;)E:*-&%(&/#1))2(1)%u:#1))2(1)%
B0--%*0"*9d6*$,E*9%*(3.-%*(&64#(#0""%9*4%*9d0]&%E*9d0]&%*9,#H-l-%*[$(&?*=0,&*9%*+0,=*%(*9%
+0,=HP6&0,^*%'(*>%9*%(*>#%"*46"'*9%'*=6&6]%'E*%(*5%*"d%'(*=6'*96*'%,9%*50&&%'=0"46"5%*[#9
F6,4&6*/*&%$%"#&Ê*6$%5*9d,"#$%&'*4,*50"(%*4%*F)%*(%9*?,%*=&6(#?,)*=6&*<%&&6,9(S*<0,&(6"(E*#5#E
9d0]&%&#%*%'(*4#FF,'%*c*%99%*"d%'(*=6'*9#)%*f*,"*65(%*=&)5#'*-6#'*'d0=.&%*9%"(%-%"(E*f*9d#"',
4,*-6"])S
M0"0>'(6"(E*96*P&6"4%*>0,FF%*#5#*4)5&#(%*"%*F#"#(*=6'*6,''#*-69*[-6#'*%'(H5%*%(*)(6#(H5%
96*?,%'(#0"*h^*?,%*46"'*9%*F#9-*4%*I6&50*Z%&&%&#*[F#9-*0o*9d0"*'%->96#(*4)'#&%&*9%*',#5#4%*=6&
>0,9#-#%^*c*5d%'(*?,d#5#E*9d30--%E*9%*=96(*%(*96*=6&09%*[96*=96&09%*h^*F0"(*(0,C0,&'*&%(0,&E*9%'
=96('*50"'0--)'E*[e#"],&]#'e*4#&6#(*9d6,(%,&Ê*-0('*%(*50&='E*)(6"(*(0,C0,&'*f*96*4#'=0'#(#0"
4%'*-6"]%,&'*%(*&%'','5#(6"(D*(0,C0,&'S*B%*&%(0,&*4,*-l-%E*5%(*)(%&"%9*&%50--%"5%-%"(
4%*96*=6&9%&#%H-6"]%&#%E*=0,&&6*4d6#99%,&'E*=6&*9%*50-#?,%*#"4,#(*=6&*96*&)=)(#(#0"*4%*F#],&%'
)$0?,6"(*,"%*"0,&&#(,&%*(0,C0,&'*9f*?,0#?,%*"0"*$&6#-%"(*=&)'%"(%E*&6==%9%&*,"%*50"'(6"(%
4%* (/=%* (%g6$%&#%"\"0$6&#"#%"* D* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'* -%,&%"(* %(* &%'','5#(%"(E* -%,&%"(* %(
&%'','5#(%"(E*%(5S
B0--%*'0,$%"(E*96*=6((%*"0$6&#"#%""%*$6*)]69%-%"(*50"'#'(%&*46"'*96*-#'%*%"*&%96(#0"
4%*5%((%*&3)(0&#?,%*5,9#"6#&%*6$%5*,"*,"#$%&'*4%*(/=%*>#>9#?,%E*9%'*-6"]%&#%'*-0"'(&,%,'%'
'd6==6&%"(6"(* 690&'* f* 4%'* %,536&#'(#%'* >6&>6&%'* D* 50--%* ,"* %"F6"(* $0#&%* ,"* B6"5&%
-/'(#?,%*0,*=0,&*-#%,g*4#&%*,"*B3&)(#%"*90]#?,%E*9d6,(%,&*"0,'*'#]"#F#%*?,%*-6"]%&*9%*=6#"E
5d%'(*-6"]%&*9d30--%*D*#5#E*9d30'(#%*"d%'(*=6'*?,d,"*'/->09%*[,"*'/->09%*e>#40"eE*50--%
4#&6#(*,"*e40,(#FeÊ*5d%'(*$&6#-%"(*9%*50&='*4,*B3&#'(*q*?,#E*&6==%90"'H9%E*)(6#(*6,''#*[',&(0,(*h^
,"*30--%*q*=6#"*%(*$#"*)(6"(*9%'*%'=.5%'*4,*86,$%,&*46"'*9d36>#(,%99%*9#(,&]#%*[%"*F6#(E*#9*/
6*4%'*$6&#6"(%'*-6#'*9%'*)$0?,%&*'%&6#(*'0&(#&*4,*',C%(^S
B%96*=0')E*5%9,#*?,#*"0,'*-6"]%E*5d%'(*40"5*',&(0,(*9%*(%-='*?,#*=6''%E*B[3^&0"0'S
K"*F6#(E*9%*$%&>%*]&#]"0(%&*[$0#&%*'6$0,&%&^*'%&6#(*'6"'*40,(%*=9,'*#40#"%*56&*'#*96*j*9,-#.&%
",#(*kE*j|9%}*(%-='*"0,'*(,%*6$%5*6-0,&*k*%(*%"*j*|&0]"6"(}*(0,(*"0(&%*6$0#&*kS*K'(H5%*f*4#&%
?,d#9*'%*4)9%5(%*h*B%((%*-)(6=30&%*%'(*40"5*f*-%((&%*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*%"*&%96(#0"*6$%5*5%99%E
)$0?,)%*=&)5)4%--%"(E*4%*N096"4*O,>#996&4E*l(&%*50"'0--)*[=6&*5%*(%-='*?,#*"0,'*(,%
6$%5*6-0,&^*%(*'%*50"',-%&*[O#%,*"%*F,-6"(*=6'*?,%*4%'*J6$6"%'^*&%9%$6"(E*'0--%*(0,(%E
4d,"*-l-%*(/=%*4%*90"],%*6]0"#%*50--%"5)%*4.'*9d%"F6"5%S
K"F#"E*9%'*-0('*&%=6'*%(*(&)=6'*'%&0"(*#-=9#5#(%-%"(*-#'*%"*&%96(#0"*46"'*F&'/#$/*[=S
@@X^*D*j*G%*$#%"'*4%*F6#&%*-6*(&0#'#.-%*4%&"#.&%*(%"(6(#$%*-0&(%*c*C%*$#%"'*4%*F6#&%*-6*4%&"#.&%
(%"(6(#$%*4%*&%=6'S*G%*"d/*6&&#$%*=6'*kS*O6"'*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&*[=S*XXÊ*9d6,(%,&*6,&6*5%((%
&)$)96(#0"*D*j*+6*9,-#.&%*",#(S*`,%*")]6(#$%*D*,"%*=%#"(,&%*46"'*96?,%99%*"0,'*6=%&5%$0"'
?,%*"0,'*'0--%'*-6"])'*kS*<0,&*4d6,5,"'E*5%((%*=%#"(,&%E*5%*'0"(*9%'*=#.5%'*4%*M0$6&#"6S
UK&?/%&$2((E)*(1)%&E/15E)*(29%
UKOK&,2-(%&%(&#/#5*-(231%
UKOKOK&e#1"<%.&>)%2$$%.&J2%'.&Y*2/.&e#((%
8d#9*%"*=&0=0'%*'0,$%"(*4%'*$6&#6"(%'*=6''#0""6"(%'*[5FS*=)&#=3&6'%*)4)"#?,%E*-0(H(&6#"E
")090]#%*50-=0')%E*536"]%-%"(*4%*9%((&%*f*%FF%(*#"50-=&)3%"'#>9%E*-0(H$69#'%*f*(%"46"5%
0g/-0&#?,%E*%(5SÊ*M0$6&#"6*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*',=)&#%,&%-%"(*#""0$6"(*46"'*'0"*,(#9#'6(#0"
4%*96*&3)(0&#?,%*56&*"0,'*50""6#''#0"'*4)Cf*(0,'*9%'*=&05)4)'*?,d#9*,(#9#'%*=0,&*#"$%"(%&*4%'
-0('*%(*4%'*%g=&%''#0"'*D*0"*'6#(*?,%*G6&&/E*O%'"0'E*I#536,gE*B)9#"%*0,*a,%"%6,*'d/*'0"(
1XT
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
%''6/)'*%(*/*0"(*&),''#*%,gH6,''#S*K"*5%96E*9d6,(%,&*4,*@).?&*(&*:.*;$&*'d#"'5&#(*46"'*,"%
5%&(6#"%*(&64#(#0"*9#(()&6#&%*4%*9d#"$%"(#0"*$%&>69%*%(*'%->9%*F6#&%*=6&(#%E*"#*=9,'E*"#*-0#"'E*4d,"%
5%&(6#"%* F6-#99%* 4d)5&#$6#"'* q* ?,d0"* =%,(* $0#&E* =0,&* 5%&(6#"'* [26&4#%,* "0(6--%"(^* 50--%
4%'* 86#"(* G%6"* :6=(#'(%* 6""0"b6"(* '6* $%",%S* a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(* 4%* 96* =%&(#"%"5%* 4%* "0'
-)(6=30&%'*=%&'0""%99%'E*0"*=%,(*$&6#-%"(*=6&9%&*53%u*5%*"0,$%6,*I%''#%*4%*96*+#(()&6(,&%E
4d,"%*0>'%''#0"*")090]#?,%*4%*(/=%*&6>%96#'#%"S*B%((%*0>'%''#0"*=0,&&6*'d6==9#?,%&*f*96
9#'(%*%(*50"5%&"%&*9d0"0-6'(#?,%S
B0"5%&"6"(* 9%'* 9#'(%'* 4%* "0-'* 4%* =%&'0""6]%'E* $)&#(6>9%* -6&?,%* 4%* F6>&#?,%
"0$6&#"#%""%E* '5%6,E* '#]"6(,&%E* 0"* =0,&&6#(* #5#* F6#&%* ?,%9?,%'* &%-6&?,%'* c* 6#"'#E* 50--%
=6&F0#'*46"'*9%*(3)p(&%*-)4#)$69E*#9*/*6*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'H50"5%=('E*4%'*#4)%'E*4%'*%"(#()'*?,#
0"(*96*=6&09%S*Bd%'(*9%*56'*4%*96*>98(.?8.7$98'(&'<.8"#&7E*-0&69#()*f*QV*699)]0&#%'*6/6"(
96*=6&09%*[50--%*P0,&-6"4#'%E*:0""%H50-=6]"#%E*Ow"%&E*80,=%&E*<6&69/'#%E*P0,((%E*%(5S^S
B%((%*=#.5%*?,#E*)(6"(*40"")*5%*"0->&%E*6""0"5%*,"*=%,*46"'*9%*=&#"5#=%*[-6#'*5%=%"46"(
-0#"'*?,%*9%'*WAA*#"$#()'*6,*>6"?,%(*4%*:)&0694%^*9%'*Q@U@*=%&'0""6]%'*4%*4.'>+.$)'(&
:5+9??&S*O%*96*-l-%*-6"#.&%E*0"*=%,(*6FF#&-%&*?,%*B6&l-%H=&%"6"(E*I%''%&*P6'(%&E*9%'
7"40,#99%'*%(*-l-%*+6*O#$%*:0,(%#99%*'0"(*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*f*=6&(*%"(#.&%*',&*96*'5."%*4%
5%*]&6"4*(3)p(&%*50['^-#?,%*?,d%'(*9d,"#$%&'*&6>%96#'#%"S
8,&* 5%* -04.9%* 6"5#%"E* 4)Cf* =&6(#?,)* 53%u* 9%'* ]&%5'* %(* "0(6--%"(* 53%u* 5%* ]&6"4
#"'=#&6(%,&*4%*N6>%96#'*?,%*F,(*9%*4)-/'(#F#56(%,&*50-#?,%*+,5#%"*[5FS*Z&6"5H=6&9%&E*%(5SÊ
M0$6&#"6*=&0=0'%E*9,#H6,''#E*,"%*0"0-6'(#?,%*4%*(/=%*699)]0&#?,%*[5FS*+d;&#]#"%*&0,]%E*+6
P&6--6#&%E*%(5S^S
B0--%*46"'*96*=#.5%*4%*<#56''0*#"(#(,9)%*4&'(I/$)'.77).%I'%.)':.'"#&#&*[5FS*+%*P&0'
<#%4^*q*-6#'*0o*9d0"*5&0#'%&6*6,''#*+6*26&(%E*+d;#]"0"*%(*+d7"]0#''%*I6#]&%*q*%(*4&'*h#)
\'0.O*[=#.5%*4%*2u6&6*)5&#(%*46"'*9%'*6"")%'*(&%"(%*%(*0o*9%'*=%&'0""6]%'*0"(*"0-'*v#9E
;&%#99%E*%(5SÊ*9%*50&='*%(*5%&(6#"%'*=6&(#%'*4,*50&='E*?,0#?,%*"0--)%'*=6&F0#'*#"4#&%5(%-%"(E
'%&0"(*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'*f*=6&(*%"(#.&%*[0"*'0"]%*f*:0,53%E*;&%#99%E*<#%4E*I6#"E*:0((%E*%(5S^
%(*=&)'%"()'*50--%*(%9'E*5%5#*46"'*9%*564&%*4d,"%*9#'(%*4%*"0-'*'0,$%"(*'#(,)%*6,*4)>,(
4%'*=#.5%'*?,0#?,d0"*=,#''%*%"*(&0,$%&*4d6,(&%'*f*9d#"()&#%,&S*;"*5&0#'%*,"*2&0,*I#6-*6,
4)>,(*4,*@).?&'(&':.';$&*%(*-l-%E*46"'*96*=&0g#-#()*4d,"%*>0,53%E*,"*j*G%6"*4,*F0"4*k
"0,'*)$0?,6"(*,"%*4%"(*4,*F0"4*46"'*4.*>+.$)'(&':5+9??&
UKOKRK&>/#5*$2-(231%&%(&E5*N1-"1$*(2#/
O6"'*5%'*]&0,=%-%"('*4%*$056>9%'*'#-#96#&%'*?,%*'0"(*9%'*9#'(%'*"0$6&#"#%""%'E*0"*50"'(6(%
%"50&%* ?,%* 96* -6C,'5,9%* %'(* ,(#9#')%* 4%* F6b0"* '#"],9#.&%E* ',&(0,(* %"* 5%* ?,#* 50"5%&"%* 9%'
=6(&0"/-%'S* O%* -l-%E* #9* %"* F6,(* ,"%* f* j* `0#5#* k* %(* =6'* f* j* -653#"%'* kS* <0,&?,0#* h
+d6,(%,&*=0,&&6#(*&)=0"4&%*D*e<6&5%*?,%eS*B%*?,#*"0,'*=6&6w(*'z&E*5d%'(*'0"*]0z(*D*#9*6*&6#'0"E
%'(3)(#?,%-%"(*=6&96"(*q*6$#'*=6&F6#(%-%"(*#-=&0,$6>9%*6,*4%-%,&6"(S
B%'*9#'(%'*4%*"0-'*0"(*4d6#99%,&'*)()*[5%5#*4#(*=0,&*9d6"%540(%^*-6"#F%'(%-%"(*=6&04#)%'
=6&*G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"*?,#E*46"'*9%*&%5,%#9*Q$($*#:#?';$7.&E*#"$%"(%*4%'*=%&'0""6]%'
f*96*M0$6&#"6*%"*,(#9#'6"(*96*-6C,'5,9%*4%*96*-l-%*-6"#.&%*D*j*<0,90,(%E*<0"(#]"6''%*%(
9%*<%9)*B6=&6''%*c*I6*C6->%*c*B6'#"0*B36(0,*c*+%*805#69#'(%*=0,&*'6*86,5#''%*c*+6*Z#99%
?,#*8%"(*:0"*c*+6*Z%--%*2&#0-=3%*c*+%*`#%,g*N6(#%&*B6-#'09%*c*+%*<%(#(*I%'*B0,#99%'*c*+%
2,%,&*4%*I0&('*c*+6*`#%#99%''%*I04%&"%*c*+dJ0--%*?,#*Z6#(*46"'*9%'*B0530"'*c*+%*<,'*c
@XW
2,(,''%*B0#FF)*c*K9$#'*4,*B36&>0""6]%*c*+%*B090"%9*B0"]0*c*+6*Z,#(%*%"*K]/=(%*kS
M0$6&#"6* =&05.4%* 4%* -l-%E* 4%* F6b0"* ]&6"4#0'%* %(* '6,]&%",%E* '65&69#'6"(E
%""0>9#''6"(* =6&* 96* -6C,'5,9%'* 4%'* #"4#$#4,'* -04%'(%'* 6,g* ',&"0-'* =6&F0#'* &#4#5,9%'* %(
@XW
**G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"E*j*+#'(%*4%'*=%&'0""%'*?,%*Cd6#*6#-)%'*kE*Q$($*#:#?';$7.&E*<0)'#%HP699#-6&4E*1AA@S
1XU
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
-%((6"(*46"'*96*9,-#.&%*50-#?,%*4%'*F#],&%'*=0=,96#&%'E*4%'*eJ0--%'*4%*=%,e*%(*=6&F0#'
-l-%*4%'*j*P%"'*4%*M)6"4&%*kS*Bd%'(*9%*56'*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*0o*'0"(*4)5&#(%'
(0,(%'*9%'*65(#0"'*4%*5%'*4%&"#%&'E*f*96*F0#'*(&#$#69%'*%(*'65&)%'E*50--,"%'*%(*-)(6=3/'#?,%*D
96*F0#&%*4%*230"0"*%'(*,"%*23)9.-%*&)69#')%E*,"%*,(0=#%*?,#*%g#'(%*46"'*96*&)69#()E*]&0,#996"(%
4%*$#%E*&%]0&]%6"(*4d3#'(0#&%'*%(*4d6"%540(%'*[5d%'(*6,''#*,"*$#$#%&*4%*=%&'0""6]%'*'0"(*'%
'%&(*(&.'*'0,$%"(*9d6,(%,&E*?,0#?,%*4%*F6b0"*=6&F0#'*5&/=()%^S
B%96*4#(E*,"*4)5&/=(6]%*%'(*4)'0&-6#'*=0''#>9%*[6,*-0#"'*%"*=6&(#%^*%"*5%*?,#*50"5%&"%
5%((%*F6-%,'%*9#'(%*c*,"*9#$&%*%'(*%"*%FF%(*'0&(#*%"*1AAVE*4.'497&)$&'-$&))97*[6,g*)4#(#0"'*J)&0'H
+#-#(%Ê*?,#*&%=&04,#(*96*9#'(%*4%*230"0"*-6#'*%"*%g=9#?,6"(*,"*=%,E*46"'*9%*564&%*4%*"0(%'
[#9*/*6*-l-%*4%'*=30(0'Ê*?,#*'0"(*9%'*=%&'0""%'*=0&(6"(*5%'*"0-'*%(*5%'*',&"0-'*q*5%'
"0(%'*#"4#?,6"(*=6&*%g%-=9%*D
Médée la Quine : Amédée Bondaz (prononcer « Bonde ») de Reyvroz (prononcer
« Rèvre »). A confectionné pendant plusieurs années un costume de papier
multicolore pour défiler tout seul dans le village le jour de ses quatre-vingt
ans. Vercasson : Selon Jacques Favrat, Vercasson venait de Perrigner. Il avait
pour particularité de soigner sa bronchite avec une crème pour les pieds. Il
apportait généralement quelques roses de son jardin qui sentaient assez fort le
fumier. Mon père, je ne sais pourquoi, l’avait surnommé Vercasson, du nom d’un
fabriquant d’armes de Saint-Etienne. Ce sobriquet lui allait bien.
O6"'* 9dr,$&%* 4%* M0$6&#"6* ['6"'* 40,(%* #"F9,%"5)* =6&* 5%,g* 4%'* ]%"'* 4%* 230"0"* %(* 4%'
%"$#&0"'Ê*"0-'*%(*',&"0-'*5099%"(*'0,$%"(*(&.'*>#%"*[56&*(%9*"d%'(*=6'*(0,C0,&'*9%*56'^*f
96*=%&'0""%*?,d#9'*4)'#]"%"(*c*'#*+dR"?,#)(,4%*%'(*,"*'0>&#?,%(*q*0"*%"*(&0,$%*4d)?,#$69%"('
53%u*:%6,-6&536#'*[+dK$%#99)E*+6*G%,"%''%^*qE*#9*$6*F0&(*>#%"*f*5%9,#*?,#*4#(*eC%e*46"'*9%*(%g(%
%"*?,%'(#0"*46"'*96*-%',&%*0o*5%*4%&"#%&*%'(*,"*#"?,#%(E*(0,C0,&'*%"*-0,$%-%"(E*F6#'6"(
-#99%*-)(#%&'E*-#99%*j*65(#0"'*50-#?,%'*kE*%(5S
K(,4#%&* (0,(%'* 5%'* 9#'(%'* %(* 96* -6"#.&%* 40"(* 9%'* =%&'0""6]%'* '0"(* "0--)'* =0,&&6#(
F6#&%*9d0>C%(*4d,"%*(3.'%*(&.'*90"],%*q*5%((%*5056''%*e*"0--%&#%eE*#9*'%&6#(*#"()&%''6"(*4%
96*50-=6&%&*f*9d0"0-6'(#?,%*-09#)&%'?,%*[%(*f*5%99%'*4%*I6&#$6,gE*4%*:%6,-6&536#'E*4%
+6>#53%E* 4%* Z%/4%6,E* 4%* B96,4%9* %(* 4%* P6((#Ê* 96* &6==&053%&* 4%* 96* (6>9%* 4%'* -6(#.&%'
4,* >.EI' %.8$"#&* 4%* 20=0&* [5FS* B,9H'%5E* 7((%"4'H96H',#(%E* N#'H4%H$%6,E* <0--%'H$6=%,&E
Z%&-%(,&%HK596#&E* <6'H4%H:09E* B0,=%HB#]6&%E* P&0'H:#4%E* B0,=HO,&E* B0,HZ6&5#E* O0,53%H
Z&0#4%E*<%,(HI#%,gHZ6#&%E*N0,%H+#>&%E*<#''%H`#"6#]&%Ê*4%*9d#"?,#)(6"(*=6"(3)0"*90$%5&6F(#%"
[5FS*+6*B30'%*>6(&65#%""%E*+%*B360'*&6-=6"(E*+%'*I6#]&%'*:l(%'*4%*96*",#(E*%(5S^*0,*4%'
"0-'*4%'*-6&#"#%&'*)$0?,)'*46"'*9%*536=#(&%*4#(*4%*4.'<.7.$::&'(&'H9)/.80*[$8*=&0C%(*4%
4.* @).0988&^* D* j* <0--%HB,#(%E* M%uH4%HB36(E* 7#-%H%"H`0/6]%E* G6,"%HOdv,FE* +6=%')%E
+653#?,%E* <%(#(=0#9E* Z&656''%E* <6#"H4dK=#5%E* +%* :6"4%,gE* +dv#9E* +%* G6==%,E* +6>%,53%E
<0,=#"%6,E* <#"]&%90(E* B,9H4%HN6(E* <#%4HG6,"%E* +6* N6#4%,&E* 20,&"#]&0,#99%E* +6* :6&>%* [4#(
6,''#* P&6"4%'* I0,'(653%'^* E* +6* I0,53%E* +6* B30,%((%E* `#'%">6'E* :%95r,&E* +d7-0,&E
+d7>9%((%E*I69H6,H`%"(&%E*<#%&&%HfH9d3,#9%E*+%*I6"]%,&*4%*5&050'*k*q*9f*=6&*%g%-=9%E*0"*$0#(
?,%*M0$6&#"6*,(#9#'%*-0#"'*9%*(#&%(*?,%*G6&&/*%(*?,%*'%'*=6(&0"/-%'*"%*'0"(*=6'*F0&5)-%"(
4%'* '0>&#?,%('* c* 4%* =9,'* 96* =&)'%"(6(#0"* 4#FF.&%* D* 5090""%'* =0,&* G6&&/* [$(&?E* '0,$%"(E
53%u* N6>%96#'^* %(* 9#'(%* f* 9#&%* 4%* ]6,53%* f* 4&0#(%* =0,&* 9d6,(%,&* 4,*@$/*9#)/' .#A' .8$?.#AS
B0"5%&"6"(*9d)-6C,'5,96(#0"*=&0=&%-%"(*4#(%*[9%*-0(*$#%"(*4,*O%&&#46*4%*V:./Ê*&%"$0/0"'
@XX
6,*4)$%90==%-%"(*4d;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%u*46"'*9%*9#$&%*?,d#9*50"'65&%*f*M0$6&#"6 S
UKRK&j1N%(&'%-&$2-(%-&%(&2/-#$%/"%&)*B%$*2-2%//%
@XX
**;9#$#%&*O,>0,59%uE*N.:G)&'P9;.)$8.B':.'%+S/$"#&'(#'().?&E*0=S*5#(SE*==S*ULHUVS
1XL
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
UKRKOK&,%&)%(#1)&%/&4#)"%&'1&[&"#12$$#/&4$*()=&\
!"*6,(%,&*50"(%-=0&6#"*[%(*-l-%*6,''#*$#$6"(*?,%*M0$6&#"6^*=&6(#?,%*96*9#'(%*4%*F6b0"*(&.'
'#"],9#.&%*D*5d%'(*9d6-)&#56#"*:&%6(*K6'(0"*K99#'*?,#E*=6&*#&0"#%E*=0,&*5&#(#?,%&*9d#-=0&(6"5%
=%,(Hl(&%*(&0=*]&6"4%*?,%*9%'*530'%'*=&%""%"(*46"'*"0'*$#%'*[%(*'6"'*40,(%*%"*=6&(#%*46"'
96*9#]")%*4,*=0=*6&(Ê*&%-=9#(*9%'*=6]%'*4%*'%'*&0-6"'*4%*"0-'*4%*-6&?,%'*%(*4%*=&04,#('
4%*9,g%*c*9d%FF%(*%"*%'(*(0,(*f*96*F0#'*5056''%E*'6#'#''6"(E*$%&(#]#"%,g*%(*(&.'*6"]0#''6"(*q
5d%'(*?,d#9*'%->9%*?,%*5%&(6#"%'*=%&'0""%'*F0"5(#0""%"(*6#"'#*46"'*96*&)69#()E*"%*C,&6"(*?,%
=6&*M#n%E*8-69(0*%(*B056H5096*c*0"*&%(&0,$%*,"*=%,*#5#*9%*50->6(*4,*M0$6&#"6*4%*45J)$0$8&
)9#0&E*"0,'*>0->6&46"(*4%*'90]6"'*6>',&4%'*=6&*9%*(&,53%-%"(*4%'*-653#"%'*f*4#&%*`0#5#S
B%96*4#(E*96*(&64#(#0"*4%*96*9#'(%*%'(*>#%"*'z&*>%6,50,=*=9,'*6"5#%""%E*?,d0"*&%(&0,$%*46"'
96*:#>9%E*53%u*J)'#04%*[?,#*=&0=0'6*%"*'0"*(%-='*,"%*9#'(%*50"5%&"6"(*4%'*F9%,$%'*-6#'*?,#
@XT
"%*&%''%->9%*],.&%*f*5%99%*4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6* ^*0,*46"'*9d3:$.(&E*6$%5*9%'*$6#''%6,g*4,
4)>,(*[-6#'*6,''#*4%*"0->&%,'%'*)",-)&6(#0"'*0"0-6'(#?,%'*%(*>%6,50,=*4%*4#'=0'#(#F'
f*>6'%*4%*&)=)(#(#0"'^S*N6>%96#'*&%$#'#(6*40"5*5%((%*(&64#(#0"E*>#%"*=9,'*(6&4*#-#()*=6&*G6&&/
[46"'*'%'*69-6"653'*"0(6--%"(Ê*<%&%5*0,*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
I6#'* 9%'* 9#'(%'* "0$6&#"#%""%'E* f* ?,0#* 'd6==9#?,%"(H%99%'* 6,* C,'(%* h* +d6,(%,&* "0,'* %"
40""%* ,"%* 6=%&b,* 46"'* '%'* 3?%I).7$E/* [=S* V1^* D* j* +#'(%* 4%'* -0"'(&%'E* -,(6"('E* -,%('E
9#'(%*4%*(0,'*9%'*]%"'E*9#'(%*4%'*30--%'*F6#('*%"*6,(&%*530'%*?,d%"*30--%'E*%"*4d6,(&%'
-6(#.&%'*?,%*4%*536#&*%(*4%*'6"]S*+#'(%*4%'*30--%'*F6#('*%"*%'=&#('*k*q*=9,'*90#"*[=S*VUÊ
#9* 'd%"50,&6]%* D* j* Z6#&%* ,"%* 9#'(%* 4%'* "0(#0"'E* 4%'* 6"#-6,gE* 4%'* -)(#%&'E* 4%'* 9#%,gE* 4%'
-653#"%'E*4%'*"0-'*kS*O6"'*,"*6&(#59%E*<#%&&%*G0,&4%*&%=&%"4&6*5%((%*#4)%*6-,'6"(%*%(
0&#]#"69%* c* %"* %FF%(E* '#* G65?,%'* N0,>6,4* =6&9%* 4%* j* '0""%(* 4%* '0""%('* kE* "0,'* $0#5#* %"
=&)'%"5%*4d,"%*9#'(%*4%*9#'(%'*D
[…] énumération interminable des évènements du monde dans L’Origine rouge
et L’Opérette imaginaire, comme si l’on pouvait le décrire, en donner le sens en
détaillant l’infinie complexité de ses conflits, des factions et des peuples qui se
le partagent ; « catalogue de noms de bêtes à la fin du Discours aux animaux ;
théorie des ancêtres hypothétiques d’» homo sapiens » qui ouvre L’Origine
rouge, monstrueuse formule du temps qui la referme ; envahissants empilements
de noms propres et les listes de noms de végétaux dans Je suis ; personnages
innombrables de Transfiguration ; professions de l’homme aux as dans Vous qui
157
habitez le temps, etc.…
R5#E* <#%&&%* G0,&4%* "d)$0?,%* =6'* 4.' >+.$)' (&' :5+9??&* c* 0&E* #9* "%* F6,(* =6'* 0,>9#%&* 96* (&.'
&6>%96#'#%""%*+#'(%*4%*230"0"*[%99%*F6#(*6,''#*=%"'%&*f*,"*=0.-%*4%'*D&#$::&/'(5+&)=&/*4%
‚#(3-6"*%(*6,g*j*2&6"'=6&%"('*k*4%*N%")*B36&Ê*0o*50&='*%(*')5&)(#0"'*'0"(*0-"#=&)'%"('*D
%"* %FF%(E* =%"46"(* ?,%* j* O,>905* >6F0,#99%* k* [=S* 1AL^* %(* ?,%* j* 96* B6&09#"%* 6,* :6&]/
F&)?,%"(%*k*[=S*1@QÊ*j*Z6"F0,)*I6F#*,&#"%*k*[=S*1ATÊ*j*<30"'%*4%'*Np=,'*=#''%*50"(&%
96*=69#''64%*k*[=S*1@QÊ*j*`#5(0&*6,*P%"46&-%*=.(%*k*[=S*1AVÊ*j*_%F*f*I#&090"*53#%*k*[=S
1@W^*%(*j*P6>/*B36,536&4%6,*'6(#'F6#(*,"*>%'0#"*k*[=S*1@T^*q*%(*6C0,(0"'*f*5%96*4%'*(%&-%'
@XT
* *B#(0"'*=6&(#%99%-%"(*9%*=6''6]%*%"*?,%'(#0"*D*j*2%(3/'*=0,&*;5)6"*\*%"F6"(6*9%'*F9%,$%'*6]#()'E*\*9%*M#9*%(*9d79=3)%E*\*%(
9dK&#46"*6,g*%6,g*=&0F0"4%'E*\*9%*8(&/-s"E*9%*I)6"4&%*\*%(*9dR'(%&*40"(*9%'*%6,g*'0"(*>%99%'E*\*9%*<36'%*%(*9%*N3)'0'E*\*9d7n3)9s{0'*0o
(0,&"0#%*9d6&]%"(E*\*9%*<36'%*%(*9%*N3)'0'E*\*9dJ69#6n-s"*%(*9dJ%=(6=0&0'E*\*9%*P&."#n0'*%(*9d7{'.=0'*\*%(*9%*8#-0{'*4#$#"E*\*9%*<)")%*%(
9dJ%&-0'*\*%(*9%*ˆ6{n0'*?,#*50,9%*>#%"*|t}*k*c*"0,'*"0,'*&)F)&0"'*#5#*f*9d)4#(#0"*4%*G%6"H+0,#'*:65n.'*[5FS*L+I9098$&E*Z09#0H596''#?,%E
86#"(*7-6"4E*1AATE*=S*XQ^S
157
&;+%''%&9*#'$%?&@&L.&/.:".-*::.$%&$%&E*A.'+:.&B?&P#'*/%?&*/F&<+"F?&/F&56F
1XV
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
50--%*j*:&%"965,'*k*[=S*1@AÊ*j*B,9'HN0,]%'*k\*k*B,9'H:96"5'*k*[==S*1@AH1@@Ê*j*+6*I%&4%
6,* O#6>9%* k* [=S* 1ALÊ* j* N6/-0"4* a,%,%H4%H>)(0"* k* [=S* 1@XÊ* j* N0"4%99%* k* [=S* 1@V^* 0,
j* <)(65,* k* [=S* 1@1Ê* 4%'* -0('* %(* %g=&%''#0"'* 6&]0(#?,%'* 50--%* j* =#509%* k* [=S* 11X^* 0,
j*|(6=%&}*9%*56&(0"*k*[=S*1@L^*%(*4%*-,9(#=9%'*699,'#0"'*f*96*"0,&&#(,&%*[=l9%H-l9%E*5#(0"'*j*=.'%
,"*C6->0"*kE*j*56''%"(*96*5&0z(%*kE*j*'%"(*96*F&#(,&%*kE*j*?,#((%*96*56"(#"%*kE*j*&)596-%*,"%
F0,&53%((%*kE*j*$%&'%*f*>0#&%*kE*j*3653%*4,*=%&'#9*kE*j*4)>#(%*4%*96*-0&(64%99%*kE*j*4)$0&%
,"* =0,9%(* kE* j* )(69%* (&0=* 4%* -0,(6&4%* kE* j* 9.53%* 96* 50"F#(,&%* kE* j* ]6'=#99%* 9%* >%,&&%* k* %(
j*4)46#]"%"(*96*536&5,(%&#%*#"4,'(&#%99%*k^S
B3%u*M0$6&#"6E*9%'*9#'(%'*50"5%&"%"(*40"5*9%'*65(#0"'*[%(*9%*',C%(H$%&>%H50-=9)-%"(Ê
9%'* "0-'* 4d0#'%6,gE* 9%'* "0(%'E* 9%'* 590~"'* '#6-0#'E* 9%'* C0,&'* 4%* 96* '%-6#"%E* 9%'* 53#FF&%'E
9%'*=&0$%&>%'E*9%'*=3&6'%'*#"50"]&,%'E*9%'*'90]6"'E*9%'*"0-'*4%*50,9%,&'E*-6#'*6,''#*9%'
69#-%"('E* 9%'* -)(#%&'E* %(5S* <6&F0#'E* 96* 9#'(%* "d%'(* =6'* 40"")%* %"* ,"%* F0#'* -6#'* 4#'(#99)%E
4#'(&#>,)%* (0,(* 6,* 90"]* 4d,"* 9#$&%E* =%&-%((6"(* 4%* 40""%&* f* 5%* 4%&"#%&* ,"%* '0&(%* 4d,"#()
(3)-6(#?,%E*4%*[&%^9#6"(S*B%((%*9#'(%*50"'(#(,%*%"*F6#(*,"*$)&#(6>9%*F#9*&0,]%*$0#&%*,"*F#9*4d7&#6"%
F0&(*,(#9%*6,*9%5(%,&H23)')%*[23)'6&4*h^*4)'#&%,g*4%*'%*&%=)&%&*f*9d#"()&#%,&*4,*'#*50-=9%g%
96>/&#"(3%*"0$6&#"#%"S
B%'*'0&(%'*4%*5&/=(0H9#'(%'*50"5%&"%"(*9%'*6&-%'*f*96*G6&&/*[&%5%"')%'*5#H6$6"(Ê*-6#'
6,''#*9%'*-)(#%&'E*9%'*]6u*%(*9%'*-6964#%'*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&B*9%'*F#],&%'*#-=0''#>9%'*4%
5#&?,%\46"'%\=6(#"6]%*6&(#'(#?,%*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&':5+9??&*%(*9%'*'=0&('*46"'*4&'@).?&
(&':.*;$&*q*?,0#?,%*4%*-6"#.&%*=9,'*5&/=()%*?,%*5%,g*[5FS*9%*=)"#'*4%*(6>9%E*9%*$099%/H$0,'
@XL
50,53%u*6$%5*-0#E*9%*=090*f*509*&0,9)E*%(5S^*#"$%"()'*=6&*`%&3%]]%" S*<6&F0#'*-l-%E*96
9#'(%*=0,&&6*'%*F6#&%*#"$%"(6#&%*f*96*<&)$%&(*c*-6#'*=&)5#'0"'*',&(0,(*?,%*96*9#'(%*"0$6&#"#%""%
"%*&%9.$%*=6'*(0,C0,&'*4%*96*")090]#%*%(*4%*9d0"0-6'(#?,%*D*46"'*4.'>+.$)'(&*:5+9??%*=6&
%g%-=9%E*5%&(6#"%'*9#'(%'*50"5%&"%"(*O#%,*%(*9%'*$%&>%'*4d65(#0"S
a,0#* ?,d#9* %"* '0#(E* "0,'* '0--%'* 40"5* >%9* %(* >#%"* %"* =&)'%"5%* 4d,"%* 9#(()&6(,&%
)",-)&6(#$%* q* <#%&&%* G0,&4%E* 46"'* '0"* 6&(#59%* =&)5)4%--%"(* 5#()E* $6* C,'?,df* 4#&%* ?,%
96* 9#(6"#%* (%"4* f* '%* ',>'(#(,%&* 6,* &)5#(* %(* ?,%E* $8' E$8&E* 5d%'(* 9%* -0,$%-%"(* ?,#* 50-=(%E
5%9,#* 4%* 5%((%* '=#&69%* 4%* =6&09%'* ?,#* '%* 4)=90#%* 4%$6"(* "0,'S* <6&* 5%'* )",-)&6(#0"'
=9,'* ?,%* (0&&%"(#%99%'E* M0$6&#"6* &%"0,%* [5FS* C%,g* 4#$%&'E* 4)-0"'(&6(#0"* 4%* 96"],%'* %(* 4%
C6&]0"'E*53p(#-%"('*(&.'*4)]&646"('*4d30--%'*(&.'H#99,'(&%'E*055,=6(#0"'*#"(%99%5(,%99%'*%(
=3/'#?,%*4%*96*C0,&")%E*-0/%"'*4%*'d%'',/%&*9%*4%&&#.&%E*65&0>6(#%'*4%*P/-"6'(%E*-%",'
F6"(6'(#?,%'* 40"(* ",9* "%* '6,&6#(* 3,-6#"%-%"(* $%"#&* f* >0,(E* %(5SE* %(5S^* 6$%5* ,"%* (&64#(#0"
&6>%96#'#%""%S
O%*-l-%*96*F6-%,'%*9#'(%*4,*50,#990"*F9)(&#*0,*=9,(s(*j*F96(&/*k*$0#&%*F96=#*[%(*?,%*9d0"
(&0,$%*46"'*9%*L$&)/':$;)&^*"0,'*=6&6w(*(&6"'=0')%*46"'*96*9#'(%*4)=&%''#$%*4#(%*=6&*+6,&%"5%
`#%99%* [69#6'* +6* 8#>/99%^* 46"'* 4.' K*G8&E* 6,g* =6]%'* WLHWV* D* j* K&%#"()%E* F6(#],)%E* n6=,((E
46"'* 9%'* 530,gE* &6'* 46"'* 9%'* 530'%'E* 9%''#$)%E* =9,'* >6'* ?,%* (%&&%E* 46"'* 9%'* 50&4%'E* ',&
9%'*&0(,9%'E*f*96*&6-6''%*|t}*kE*9d6,(%,&*6/6"(*=%,(Hl(&%*0,>9#)*4d#"()]&%&*f*'6*9#'(%*9%*-0(
j*56&>0*k*[5%*?,%*"0,'*"0,'*=%&-%((0"'*4%*9,#*'#]"69%&^S*7*96*F#"*4%*456*7&'$8*988#E*0"*6
,"%*4,56''#%""%*9#'(%*4d6"#-6,g*=%,*'/-=6(3#?,%'*.'%)$9)$*[=#%,$&%E*=0,9=%E*'696-6"4&%E
%(5SÊ*-#5&0'50=#?,%'*[5#&0"Ê*>6(&65#%"'*[&6#"%((%Ê*)$%"(,%99%-%"(*",#'#>9%'*[5&#?,%(^*$0#&%
'0,&"0#'E*4,=9#5%'*[=36'-%^*%(*?,#*'0"(*4%'(#")'*f*&%-=965%&*9d30--%*[?,6"4*j*96*5&)6(#0"
'%&6* &%F6#(%* 4%* 7* f* _* k^* %(* f* 96* =6]%* TQE* ,"%* 9#'(%* 4%* &%]&0,=%-%"('* f* 56&65(.&%* '05#69
$0#&%*-0"46#"*[50-#()E*59,>E*F0&,-E*C,&/E*699#6"5%E*6-#569%E*6''05#6(#0"^S*<6]%*WXE*5d%'(*,"%
9#'(%* %"* F0&-%* 4%* =)&%5?,#%""%* (%"(6(#$%* 4d)=,#'%-%"(* ?,%* 9d0"* =%,(* 9#&%E* -6#'* 6$%5* 4%'
=%&'0""6]%'* [j* 53#%"* =3/'#?,%* kE* j* 46-%* F)-#"#"%* k^* %(* 4%'* '#(,6(#0"'* ")0H'~#F(#%""%'
)$0?,6"(*,"*,"#$%&'*6>',&4%*%(*#"$%&')S
@XL
**G%6"H<#%&&%*`%&3%]]%"E*4&/'D9:$&/'<&:0G)&/E*<0#"('H8%,#9E*@VVAE*=S*@W@S
1TA
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
d%1Q275%&:*)(2%&+&D$%)(%&'*/-&$%-&b#/%-&'%&e)#"*&+&,%&"*)/*9*$&'%&$*&:*)#$%
UKRKRK&d#"(1--%-&%(&j#)B#//2"#$-&'*/-&$%&5M5%&:*/2%)
Bd%'(*%"*=&0=0'6"(*,"%*'0&(%*4d)",-)&6(#0"*%(*%"*(%"6"(*,"*=&0=0'*=0,$6"(*'d6==9#?,%&*f
N6>%96#'*?,%*9d6,(%,&*9,#H-l-%*"0,'*%g=9#?,%E*46"'*-&8(.87':.'?.7$G)&*[=S*T1Ê*?,d#9*%'(
j*#-=0''#>9%*4%*=%"'%&*%"*F&6"b6#'E*4d)5&#&%*%"*F&6"b6#'E*'#"0"*6=&.'*6$0#&*,"*=%,*4)(&,#(E
5&%,')E*6,'5,9()E*)50,()*4%''0,'E*&%(&0,$)*9%'*-0('*%"F0,#'E*(%"4,*9d0&%#99%*6,*90#"E*=9,'*>6'E
C,'?,d6,*&65#"%'E*53%&53)*'0,'*9%*F&6"b6#'*9d6,(&%*96"],%E*9%'*=6(0#'E*9%'*655%"('E*9%'*6&]0('E
9%'*6"5#%"'*96"]6]%'E*%(*4%''0,'E*(&.'*4%''0,'E*9%*$#%,g*96(#"*(0,C0,&'*$#$6"(*?,#*=0,''%
(0,C0,&'*kS
B%(* #"()&l(* =0,&* 9%'* 96"],%'* ?,#* 6>0,(#&%"(* 6,* F&6"b6#'* =6''%E* %"(&%* 6,(&%'E* =6&
9d)$056(#0"* 4,* F6-%,g* 59#$6]%* 96"]6]#%&* "0&4\',4* ?,%* 50"",(* 96* '%,9%* f* 5)4#99%* D* j* ;5* m
0#9* m* ;5* m* 05* m* k* [;SRSE* =S* WV^* c* 46"'* 96* B36"'0"* 7,(0-0>#9%* 4%*45J%I)&77&' $?.0$8.$)&* [=S
X@Ê* #9* %'(* -l-%* F6#(* ,"* '/-=6(3#?,%* 59#"* 4dr#9* %"* F0&-%* 4%* %)$;.7&' q9Z&* ])0]&6=3#?,%* D
j* K"* 4)$696"(* 96* &,%E* C%* -d4#'* ‚6,4&,%H%* \* 2d6'* 96* 96"],%* >#%"* =%"4,%H%* \* q* 8%,9'* -%
50-=&%"4&0"(* 9%'* 36>#(6"('* 4%* I0"'E* %"* J6#"6,(* m* kS* K'(H5%* ,"* 36'6&4* '#E* %"* 1AAQE* 90&'
4d,"%*)-#''#0"*&64#0=30"#?,%*[',&*Z&6"5%*B,9(,&%^*50"'65&)%*f*N6>%96#'E*9%*"0-*4%*<6(&#5n
B36-0#'%6,* [5FS* L&A.*9B' >+&?$8* (5I*9:&B' >+)98$"#&/' (&/' /&%7' ?$/G)&/^* F,(* )$0?,)* %(
M0$6&#"6*#"(%&$#%~)*h*B%&(6#"%-%"(*=6'*D*9%*=&0C%(*4%*5%'*?,6(&%*)5&#$6#"'*[6C0,(0"'*B)9#"%
%(*P,/0(6(^*50&&%'=0"4*>#%"*6,*(&6$6#9*4%*j*4%'(&,5(#0"*kE*j*5&%,'%-%"(*kE*j*6,'5,9(6(#0"*kE
j*)50,(%*k*%(*j*&%53%&53%*k*4)5&#(*5#H6$6"(*D*9%*F6#(*?,%*9%*F&6"b6#'*>0,]%*'%*$0#(*6,(6"(*53%u
N6>%96#'E*5%(*j*)5&#$6#"*5&)09%*k*[($A$7*P9#''6"(Ê*?,%*53%u*B)9#"%E*B36-0#'%6,*[%(*.'E9)7$9)$
53%u* Z&6"n)(#%""%^* 0,* M0$6&#"6* c* 9%'* 530'%'* $0"(* -l-%* '#* $#(%* ?,%* 5%* 4%&"#%&* %'(* 4)Cf
#99#'#>9%*[#99#'#>9%*4%*'0"*$#$6"(*D*?,%99%*50"')5&6(#0"*m^S
I6#'* ?,%* '6#(H0"* C,'(%* 4%* 96* &)5%=(#0"* 4%* N6>%96#'* h* O)Cf* f* 9d)=0?,%E* =%&'0""%
"%* 50-=&%"6#(* &#%"* D* 50--%"(* 6$0#&* 9d0,(&%5,#46"5%* 4d6FF#&-%&* ?,%* 5%5#* [(%9* -0(E* (%99%
=3&6'%E* (%9* (%g(%^* '#]"#F#%* 5%96* %(* ?,%* 5%96* $%,(* 4#&%* 6,(&%* 530'%* h* Od6,5,"'E* f* 9d#-6]%
4%'* j* 80&>0""#509'* k* -0?,)'* =6&* 5%(* 6"(#H5,#'(&%* 6>'09,* ?,d)(6#(* Z&6"b0#'* N6>%96#'E* 'd/
&#'?,%"(* 5%=%"46"(E* 40"(* 96* =&)(%"4,%* '5#%"5%* [?,#* "d%'(* %"* F6#(* ?,d,"* $%&"#'^* 50"'#'(%
%''%"(#%99%-%"(* 46"'* 4%'* -#"%'* 405(%'* %(* 4%'* ]&6"4'* 6#&'* ')&#%,gE* 5%((%* -6'56&64%
',FF#'6"(%* [%(* ?,%* B96,4%* :,53$694* ',(* -%((&%* %"* '5."%* 46"'* 9%* '=%5(659%* )$0?,)* 5#H
6$6"(^*$696"(*=0,&*5%&(6#"%'*6==&053%'*4%'*P&%5'E*4%'*+6(#"'E*4d6,(%,&'*4,*I0/%"*7]%E*4%
M0'(&646-,'E*4%*`#990"E*4%*N6>%96#'*q*%(*>#%"(s(E*"d%"*40,(0"'*=6'E*=0,&*5%99%*4%'*=#.5%'
4%*`69.&%*M0$6&#"6S
7FF#&-%&*?,0#*?,%*5%*'0#(*)?,#$6,(*f*%"*F6#(*,"%*#-=0'(,&%*#"(%99%5(,%99%*(0(69%*-6#'*0"
=%,(*(0,C0,&'*[5d%'(*-l-%*,"*=%,*9%*',C%(*4%*"0(&%*)(,4%^*(&6$6#99%&*f*=6&(#&*4d3/=0(3.'%'E
(&,FF%&*'%'*(3.'%'*4%*=%,(Hl(&%*%(*9%'*6''6#'0""%&*6$%5*4%'*'%->9%H(H#9*0,*>#%"*'d%FF0&5%&
4d6$6"5%&* 46"'* 9d)(,4%* 4%'* (%g(%'* 6$%5* ,"* '0,&#&%* 3,->9%E* %"* (p536"(* 4%* =&%"4&%* ,"
-6g#-,-*4%*&%5,9E*50"'5#%"(*4%*"0(&%*=%(#(%''%*4%$6"(*(0,(*5%*40"(*0"*"%*=%,(*=6'*4#&%*[%(
50-=&%"4&%E*4)5&/=(%&E*%(5S^S
2&.'* 90]#?,%-%"(* )(6"(* 40"")* 9%* F0"5(#0""%-%"(* ])")&69* 4%* 9d)5&#$6#"E* 9%'* 9#'(%'
"0$6&#"#%""%'* "d6,&0"(* 40"5* '(&#5(%-%"(* 6,5,"* '%"'* %(* =0,&(6"(E* 4%* F6b0"* =%,(Hl(&%
@XV
9)].&%-%"(*-#9#(6"(% qE*%99%'*'%*=&)'%"(%"(E*5%'*9#'(%'E*50--%*,"*&%F,'*4%*96*F6>9%*%(*4,
-%''6]%*%(*'0"(*40"5*,"*=#%4*4%*"%u*6,*j*O05(,''%*k*?,#*%''6#%&6#(*4%*9%'*6==&#$0#'%&E*4%
'%*9%'*6==&0=&#%&*>l(%-%"(*%(*4%*'d%"*'%&$#&*=0,&*F6#&%*9%*405(%E*=0"(#F#%&*%(*'%*F6#&%*-0,''%&*f
@XV
**+d6,(%,&*&%'=%5(%*-69]&)*(0,(*,"*5%&(6#"*(/=%*4%*]90'%*[9,#H-l-%*F0"5(#0""6"(*=6&F0#'*50--%*,"*50--%"(6(%,&E*5%5#*=0,&
=6&9%&*4%*=%#"(,&%E*4%*(3)090]#%*0,*4%'*6,(%,&'*?,d#9*6==&)5#%^*-6#'*C,'?,Yf*,"*5%&(6#"*=0#"(E*'6*=0'#(#0"*=0,$6"(*'6"'*40,(%*'%*&)',-%&
=6&*9%*=&0$%&>#69*e*<0#"(*(&0=*"d%"*F6,(eS
1T@
80,'*50"(&6(*B&%6(#$%*B0--0"'*D*<6(%&"#()H<6'*4Y!(#9#'6(#0"*B0--%&5#69%H
<6'*4%*I04#F#56(#0"*1SA*Z&6"5%*[3((=D\\5&%6(#$%50--0"'S0&]\
9#5%"'%'\>/H"5H"4\1SA\F&\^*H*2;!+_K*23#%&&/*H*!"#$%&'#()*+/0"*1*H*1A@A
,%&-*")242"%&"#5231%&'%&6*$7)%&8#9*)2/*
9d#-6]%*4,*(&6$6#9*4%*5%&(6#"'*-%((%,&'*%"*'5."%*F6#'6"(*=6&F0#'*[5%96*'d%'(*4)Cf*$,^*,"*=%,
"d#-=0&(%*?,0#*f*=6&(#&*4%*'0"*0%,$&%S
UKRKUK&,*&j2B=$$%&%(&$%-&%Q:%)(-&:-="<2*(7$6"(*4%*$0#&*456*7&'$8*988#E*"0,'*4)=90&#0"'*?,%*9d6,(%,&*)9,4p(*,"*=%,*96*?,%'(#0"*4%*96
='/536"69/'%*-l-%*'#*96*(%&-#"090]#%*F&%,4#%""%*'%->96#(*-0?,)%*46"'*j*7*>6'*9d%]0*m
`#$%*9%*b6*m*;,#*6,*',&b6*m*%(*$#$%"(*9%'*-0#*m*k*46"'*45J)$0$8&')9#0&*[=S*VQ^*$0#&%*j*7*-0#
9d-0#*k*[;SNSE*=S*LX^*%(*?,%*5%&(6#"%'*=6(3090]#%'*50"",%'*['#*9d0"*=%,(*4#&%^*)(6#%"(*=6&F0#'E
b6*%(*9fE*=&)'%"()%'*4%*F6b0"*5056''%*[=6&6"0{6E*$#09%"5%*#"50"(&s96>9%E*=%&(%*4%'*&%=.&%'
-0&6,gE*4)40,>9%-%"(*4%*96*=%&'0""69#()E*50-=0&(%-%"(*%g(&l-%'*%(\0,*4)$#6"('E*%(5S^*D*%'(
50-#?,%*=6&*%g%-=9%*96*F09#%*4%*9d30--%*?,#*=6&9%*f*'6*=96"53%*[7SRSE*=S*@TL^*0,*5%99%*4%*5%9,#
?,#*j*|(#&%}*',&*'6*5#]6&%((%*4%*-6"#.&%*='/53#6(&#?,%*k*[7SRSE*=S*WX^S*O6"'*9%'*?,%'

Le sacrifice comique de Valère Novarina

Transcription

Documents pareils

Preisliste gültig ab 01

La croissance normale - Agence Francaise de l`adoption