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Micah Alpaugh
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4 Prairial laws, 177
14 Frimaire laws, 157
Abbaye prison, 57, 227
Alexandre, Charles-Alexis, 111
Ami du peuple, 132
antislavery movement, 8
Arab Spring, 2, 209
Arendt, Hannah, 204
armée révolutionnaire, 152, 153, 154, 160,
163, 245
army of France, 14, 72, 116, 164, 179,
190, 196, 200, 235, 252
Arnay-le-Duc, 85
Arsenal, 124, 243
Assembly of Electors (Paris), 57
assignats, 219, 222
controversy over issuing, 82
Association movement (Britain
1779–1784), 8
ateliers de charité, 227
August 10, 1792 insurrection, 13,
15
commemorations in aftermath, 234
demonstration to Tuileries, 125
escalation into violence, 126
memory of, 142
origins, 233
planning and mobilization, 125
reprisals in aftermath, 126
Austrian War, 102
declaration of (April 20, 1792), 107
effects on protester-national legislator
relationship, 107
reaction to early defeats, 110
Babeuf, Gracchus, 163
Bailly, Jean-Sylvain, 78, 79, 83, 86,
98
Bancal des Issarts, Jean-Henri, 109
banquets
anniversary of Tennis Court Oath (June
20, 1790), 220
as fundraising for “patriotic gifts”
(September 1789), 69
at Hôtel de Ville (September 30,
1793), 243
at Saint-Cloud (September 1793), 243
celebrating Bastille anniversary, 159
commemorating Louis XVI’s death
(1795), 192
English celebrating French military
victories (November 20, 1792), 237
Faubourg Saint-Antoine (June 18,
1792), 110
for arriving fédérés of Calvados, 120
for Gardes françaises in Palais Royal
(July 10, 1789), 59
for radical coalition-building
(March 1792), 104
for victory of Fleurus (Messidor
Year II), 159
honouring fédérés, 120
Savoyards, 236, 237
sections celebrating Robespierre’s
fall, 246
sections celebrating victory at
Fleurus, 245
ten for fédérés across capital (July 26,
1792), 121
Barnave, Antoine, 78, 221
Barras, Paul-François, 161, 201
barricades, 54
Réveillon Riots, 176
Barrière du Trône, 105
Basire, Claude, 145
Bastille, 62, 77, 91, 105
Bastille insurrection, 13, 49, 103, 216
execution of, 62
formation of, July 12–13, 62
282
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1787–1795
Micah Alpaugh
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immediate origins of, 59
initial demonstrations, 61
memory of, 142
retributive violence on July 14, 63
Bazoche, 39, 187
Beaubourg, 28, 245
Bellevue, 84, 224
Berthier de Sauvigny, Louis, 64, 216
Bicêtre prison, 219
Billaud-Varenne, Jacques, 160
Birotteau, Jean-Bonaventure, 146
Bois de Boulogne, 78, 226
Bois de Salory, 215
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 176, 202
Boulevard du Temple, 190, 243
Boulevard Italienne, 244
Boulevard Saint-Antoine, 106
Boulevard Salpetrière, 111
boulevards, 25, 48, 60, 80, 133, 152, 153,
192, 193, 219, 243, 244
Bouton, Cynthia, 70
Boyer-Fonfrède, Jean, 108
Brest, 117
Brienne, Loménie de, 40, 41, 43, 45, 46,
193, 212, 213
Brissot, Jacques-Pierre, 106
Brissotins, 139, 143
Britain, 135
Brival, Jacques, 147
Brunswick Manifesto, 122, 132
Burke, Edmund, 9
“Ça ira,” 79
Café de Chartres, 191
Café de Foy, 57, 68, 188, 214, 222
Calonne, Charles-Alexandre de, 41, 42
Cambon, Joseph, 121
Camp sous Paris, 236
Campan, Jeanne-Louise, 66
Capucines monastery, 219
Carmes prison, 132
carnival, 214
Castelanet, Boniface, 95
Cazales, Jacques-Antoine de, 227
Célestins prison, 234
Central Bureau of Correspondence
(Sections of Paris), 119
Chaillot, 24
Chalier, Marie-Joseph, 158
Châlons-sur-Marne, 199
Champ de Mars, 34, 75, 76, 79, 80, 89,
94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105,
106, 107, 111, 115, 118, 123, 137,
182, 205, 220, 221, 223, 228, 233
Champ de Mars Massacre, 75, 205
mobilization of protest, 98
283
outbreak of violence, 99
short-term origins of protest, 97
Champion, Jean-Baptiste, 120
Champs-Elysées, 59, 61, 93, 103, 104,
110, 122, 125, 167, 179, 189, 217,
218, 219, 227, 230, 233, 236,
237, 240
Charles IX, 217, 221
Charonne, 214
Charton (fabric manufacturer), 52
Chasseurs, 234
Châteauvieux, 83, 230, 231
Châteauvieux infantry-unit, 104
Châtelet, 211, 218, 220, 221
Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard, 92, 152,
160, 189
Chaumont de la Roche, Guy-Marie
Sallier, 40
Christmas
1792 protests against church
closures, 237
Chronique de Paris, 124
Civil Constitution of the Clergy, 181, 182
Clermont-Tonnerre, StanislasMarie, 224
Club des Capucines, 219
Club du Vert-bois, 166
Club monarchique, 218, 225
Cobb, Richard, 9, 19
Color Revolutions, 2
Colporteurs, 225
Comédie français, 217, 221, 247
Comité d’exécution ou
d’insurrection, 201
Commission of Twelve, 140, 145
Committee of General Security, 171
Committee of Public Safety, 158,
160, 201
Commune of Paris, 1, 20, 119, 128, 137,
138, 142, 143, 145, 146, 148, 149,
151, 152, 153, 160, 166, 183, 185,
189, 201, 236, 242, 244
comte de Provence, 224
Conciergerie, 236, 247
Condorcet, marquis de, 124, 125, 134
Conseil général de la Commune, 160
Constitution of 1791, 229
celebrations following completion, 103
Constitution of 1793, 149, 170, 174
provisions for encouraging peaceful
protests, 135
Constitution of 1795, 170, 196
nationwide referendum on, 197
Constitutional Oath of the Clergy, 82, 84
resistance to and ensuing
contestations, 183
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Index
Cordeliers Club, 84, 87, 90, 91, 92, 93,
95, 96, 99, 120, 136, 149, 150, 160,
237, 244
leadership after Varennes, 91
coup of 9 Thermidor Year II, 161
Courier républicain, 170
Courrier français, 152
Criminal Tribunal of Paris, 169
Curtius, Guillaume, 60
d’Alembert, Jean le Rond, 27
Dames de la Halle, 58, 65, 66, 69, 73, 84,
85, 151, 212, 218, 224, 242
Damiens, Robert-François, 31
Danton, Georges-Jacques, 78, 90, 136,
137, 227
dechristianization, 159, 163, 185, 186
declaration of Patrie en danger, 119, 123
Declaration of the Rights of Man and
Citizen
1789, 2, 11, 87, 105, 114, 183
1793, 154
1795, 197
Defermon, Jacques-Joseph, 144
demonstrations
1 Prairial Year III, 13
against Girondins (May 27,
1793), 141
against Jean-Baptiste Réveillon (April
27, 1789), 55
against John Law ministry (1720), 36
against play at Théâtre de l’Odéon
(January 12, 1793), 135
against Thermidorian price liberalization
(3 Germinal Year III), 165
Anglo-American influences upon, 42
calling for Lafayette’s return (April
1791), 88
connections to later movements, 210
Cordeliers’ march to National Assembly
(June 24, 1791), 93
Faubourg Saint-Antoine labor marches
(1785), 44
(1788), 44
Faubourg Saint-Antoine march on
Vincennes (February 28, 1791), 86
following Bastille’s fall (July 1789), 63
gagne-denier march to Versailles
(1786), 36
Hébertists to Jacobins (10 Ventôse Year
II), 160
journeymen carpenters (1786), 44
June 20, 1792 march against royal vetos,
116, 118
march towards Versailles (August 30,
1789), 67
May 31–June 2, 1793, 1
mobilization of, 17
Muscadin antiwar march (March 5,
1793), 189
Muscadin effigies of Marat, 193
Muscadin march to Faubourgs (1
Pluviôse Year III), 191
October Days, 73
of laid-off Charity Workshop artisans
(July 10, 1791), 94
of striking fortification builders (October
1792), 134
opposing voyage of King’s aunts to
Rome (February 1791), 87
pro-Parlementary marches of 1787, 43
rumored May 3, 1789 march on
Versailles, 55
seeking return of king’s aunts (February
1791), 86
solidarity march opening Bastille
insurrection (July 12, 1789), 61
solidarity marches before National
Convention (July 1793), 150
taking oaths of fidelity to constitution
(February 1790), 77
Third Estate solidarity marches (June
1789), 56
“Triumph of Marat” (April 24,
1793), 138
to National Convention (September 5,
1793), 154
to Paris Commune (September 4,
1793), 153
to Place de Grève for loyalty oaths
(January 1793), 135
Département de la Seine-et-Oise, 77
Département du Var, 131
Department of Paris, 87, 111, 119, 130,
142, 143, 174
Desbouillons (commander of Brest
fédérés), 125
Desilles, André, 224
Desmoulins, Camille, 160, 244
Diderot, Denis, 27
Directory, 196
District de Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, 77
District de Saint-Honoré, 68
District des Cordeliers, 69
districts of Paris, 69
in pre-October Days crisis, 70
push for the right to meet en
permanence, 83
don patriotique, 69, 107, 245
dragoons, 57
duc de Richelieu, funeral of, 30
duchesse de Polignac, 41
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Dulaure, Jacques-Antoine, 147, 166
Dumouriez, Charles, 136, 137, 139, 238
Duval, Georges, 191
Ecole de Mars, 245
Ecole militaire, 217
Edgeworth, Henry, 183
Edict of Toleration (1787), 30
effigies
of Jean-Baptiste Réveillon (April 27,
1789), 53
effigy burnings
archbishop of Paris (May 4, 1791), 183
Marat (multiple times, Year III), 193
Pope Pius VI (May 1, 1791), 182
Eglise des Théatins, 226, 227
Eglise Sainte-Geneviève, 65
Encyclopédie, 27
enragés, 150
Estates-General, 49
controversies surrounding, 50
dissent from those excluded from voting
(May 1789), 55
limited Parisian voting rights for, 49
Paris’ difficulty forming a delegation, 50
reactions to developments in Paris (June
1789), 56
executions
Louis XVI, 135
Robespierrists, 161
rituals of, 31
September Massacres (1792), 133
Faubourg du Temple, 165
Faubourg Montmartre, 107, 152, 226, 229
Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 24, 32, 44,
49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 71, 86, 87, 91,
102, 104, 107, 108, 110, 111, 112,
116, 118, 121, 122, 124, 137, 143,
145, 163, 166, 167, 172, 175, 176,
181, 188, 191, 192, 194, 195, 198,
201, 212, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221,
222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229, 230,
231, 232, 233, 237, 239, 244, 248,
249, 250
Faubourg Saint-Denis, 95, 236, 237
Faubourg Saint-Germain, 29, 30, 32, 43,
45, 57, 94, 120, 149, 213, 232
Faubourg Saint-Honoré, 225
Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 231
Faubourg Saint-Marcel, 24, 43, 51, 52, 91,
102, 108, 110, 111, 112, 120, 121,
172, 182, 185, 191, 214, 222, 229,
230, 232, 247
Faubourg Saint-Martin, 225
Favras, marquis de, 219
285
Federalist Revolts, 149
fédérés of Brest, 118, 120, 232
fédérés of Calvados, 120, 232
fédérés of Marseille, 122, 123, 126,
135, 233
march to Paris, 118
Féraud, Jean-Bertrand, 173, 175, 177
Festival of the Supreme Being, 159, 185
Fête de Châteauvieux, 105, 106
reactions, 105
Fête de la Fédération, 76, 78, 159,
232, 242
ceremony, 81
planning for, 79
satelite gatherings in provinces (July 14,
1790), 81
volunteer efforts for, 80
Fête de la loi, 105, 106, 231
Fête de Saint-Louis, 66
Fête Dieu, 91, 180, 181, 184, 241
Feuillants Club, 218, 229
Flanders Regiment, 69, 73
Flesselles, Jacques de, 63
flight to Varennes, 89, 103, 181, 205
Flour War (1775), 70
Forts de la Halle, 104, 225
Foulon, Joseph de, 64, 216
Franklin, Benjamin, 78
fraternity
Revolutionary conceptions of, 16
French Guards (Gardes françaises), 44,
50, 52, 56, 57, 62, 63, 67, 213,
215, 216
Fréron, Louis-Marie, 191
Fructidor Decrees, 196, 197
sectional resistance to, 198
funeral processions, 30
eighteenth-century practices, 30
for Jean-Paul Marat (July 16,
1793), 150
for maréchal de Biron, 30
for Vainqueur de la Bastille (June 12,
1790), 77
funeral
for those killed on August 10, 1792, 234
Furet, François, 8, 9
Gandhi, Mohandas, 209
Garde de Paris, see Paris Guard (Garde de
Paris)
Gardes des Sceaux, 212
Garde du corps, 36
Gardes du roi, 222
Gardes françaises, see French Guards
Garrioch, David, 34, 185
Gazette de France, 42
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Gazette de Leyde, 41, 42, 43
Gendarmerie, 116
gendarmes, 236
Gendron, François, 189
Germinal journées, 156
demonstration of 12 Germinal Year
III, 168
legislative reaction against 12 Germinal
demonstration, 169
mobilization, 166
violence on 13 Germinal Year III, 169
Girondins, 1, 15, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140,
141, 142, 144, 146, 147, 148, 149,
166, 169, 175, 241
explusion from Convention, 1
Godechot, Jacques, 61
Gouy d’Arcy, Louis-Marthe de, 226
Grenadiers, 226
Gueniffey, Patrice, 10
Guilds
destabilization during late Old Regime, 43
Hardy, Siméon-Prosper, 29, 34, 36, 45
Hassenfratz, Jean-Henri, 142
Hébert, Jacques, 139, 146, 160, 245
Hébertists, 160
Hobsbawm, Eric, 7
Hôtel de Ville, 31, 32, 33, 63, 65, 69, 70,
88, 90, 104, 119, 120, 122, 124, 125,
128, 138, 149, 151, 173, 174, 216,
217, 226, 227, 234, 239, 242, 243,
248, see also Maison Commune
Hunt, Lynn, 11
Ile de la Cité, 25, 29, 32, 39, 40, 43, 45,
51, 187, 212, 213, 214
Ile Saint-Louis, 112, 167, 238
illicit Marat processions
Marat cult, performed illicitly (Frimaire
Year II), 243
Irish Seminary, 182, 229
Jacobin Club, 84, 87, 92, 96, 102, 104,
120, 124, 136, 138, 141, 143, 147,
148, 149, 150, 153, 156, 157, 160,
161, 174, 179, 183, 185, 187, 189,
190, 191, 192, 193, 199, 200, 228,
230, 232, 233, 242, 244, 246, 247
collaboration with sans-culottes
(September 4–5, 1793, 128
network, 84
Jardin des Plantes, 51
Jardin du Roi, 51, 220
Jourdan, Annie, 154
Journal de la Montagne, 150
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 209
King’s Guards (Gardes du corps), 72, 73
Koblenz, 122
La Chapelle, 230
La Force prison, 98
Laclos, Choderlos de, 87
Lafayette, marquis de, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73,
79, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 94, 98, 103,
119, 225, 226, 227, 234
protests calling for his return (April
1791), 88
Lamballe, princesse de, 133, 235
Lambesc, Charles-Eugène de, 55
Lambesc’s Charge (July 12, 1789), 48,
55, 61
Lameth, Alexandre de, 78
Lameth, Charles de, 78, 83, 221
Lamoignon de Malesherbes, GuillaumeChrétien de, 43, 213
Lanthenas, François, 148
Laporte, François-Sébastien, 174
Laporte, Jacques-Léonard, 176
Latin Quarter, 29, 65, 182
Launay, marquis de, 62, 63, 216
Law, John, 35
law clerks of Palais de Justice
medieval origins as bazoche e, 39
rationales for protest, 39
Lazowski, Claude-François, 239
Le Chapellier law, 94
Le Pelletier, Louis-Michel de, 238
Lefebvre, Georges, 196
Legislative Assembly’s last month, 131
Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, Louis
Michel, 158
Les Halles, 104, 184, 229, 230, 244, 246
Levée en masse, 154, 187, 242
Louis XIV, king of France and Navarre,
funeral convoy, 30
Louis XV, king of France and Navarre,
funeral convoy, 30
Louis XVI, king of France and Navarre,
22, 32, 41, 64, 67, 74, 75, 80, 84, 85,
87, 89, 90, 93, 94, 95, 96, 102, 103,
108, 110, 112, 113, 115, 118, 119,
121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 135, 181,
192, 219, 222, 225, 227, 229, 233
growing distrust of (spring 1792), 110
July 11, 1789 petition to, 59
Louis, dauphin of France, 67, 86, 227
Louvre, 67, 212, 232
Loys, Jean-Baptiste, 126
Lucas, Colin, 9
Luxembourg Garden, 189, 217, 239
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Luxembourg Palace, 85, 224
Luxembourg prison, 198
Lycée des Arts, 244
lynchings
Faubourg Saint-Antoine (two in May
1790), 220
Jardin du Roi (May 25, 1790), 220
of Berthier and Foulon (July 1789), 65
of Champ de Mars suspected spies
(July 17, 1791), 98
of moneychangers (1791), 226
of Paris baker (October 22, 1789), 75
of thief in Faubourg Saint-Antoine
(January 2, 1793), 237
Maillard, Stanislas, 71
Maison Commune, 151, 152, 179,
189, 190, 194, 238, 241, 245, 250,
see also Hôtel de Ville
Maison de Castres, 222
Mandela, Nelson, 209
Manuel, Pierre, 118, 183
Marais, 172
Marat, Jean-Paul, 73, 90, 132, 137, 138,
150, 158, 159, 160, 179, 189, 190,
192, 193, 194, 195, 224, 227, 239,
240, 242, 243, 244, 247, 248
trial and acquittal of (April 1793), 137
Marché aux chevaux, 124
Marché Jean, 245
Marché Saint-Jacques, 245
Marché Saint-Martin, 229
Mardi Gras (1789), 49
Marie Antoinette, queen of France and
Navarre, 32, 41, 67, 72, 103, 133
Markoff, John, 10
Marly, 200, 251
Marseillaise, 149
Marseille, 117
Mathiez, Albert, 154
Maupeou Revolution, 39
resistance to, 39
maximum (on subsistence goods, 1793),
136, 190
enragé petition for (June 25,
1793), 150
suppression of, 162
May 31–June 2, 1793 insurrection
journée of June 2, 146
justifications afterwards, 148
May 31 demonstration, 145
mobilization of, 143
origins, 141
Mayer, Arno, 9
Mayerne, Pierre-François de, 107
287
McManners, John, 181
Mecca, 78
mentalités, 208
Mercier, Louis-Sébastien, 27, 37
Mesdames (aunts of Louis XVI), 84
Milice bourgeoise, 62, 216
military buildup around Paris, 58
military draft resistance, 189
military reviews
drill marching, 34
of American Revolutionary War
soldiers, 34
outside Parisian theatres, 34
Mirabeau, comte de, 225
Mont-de-Piété, 218
Montagne Sainte-Geneviève, 32, 221
Montesquieu, Baron de, 78
Montmartre, 28, 216
Montmorin, comte de, 133, 235
moral economy, 7
Municipal Revolution of Paris (1789),
64, 103
municipality of Paris, 68, 97, 100, 108,
111, 115, 119, 183, 187, 216
women’s deputation to (October 5,
1789), 71
Muscadins, 162, 170, 175, 180, 195,
216, 228, 239, 240, 247, 248, 249,
250, 251
development of identity, 189
links to Thermidorian politics, 191
propensity for violence, 195
Nancy, 104
Nantes, François de, 114
National Assembly, 100, 104, 173, 208,
227, 228
blocking of districts’ right to meet en
permanence (1790), 83
cessation of rules on popular entries
(1792), 105
collaboration in August 1792
insurrection, 124
Constituent Assembly (1789–1791), 55,
56, 59, 61, 66, 67, 68, 69, 75, 77, 78,
80, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 90, 91, 92, 94,
96, 97, 101, 103, 181, 184, 219, 222,
224, 225, 227, 228
development of collaborative
relationship with sections
(1792), 127
first interactions with Parisian
protesters, 58
inability to stem Parisian deputations,
August–September 1792, 131
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National Assembly (cont.)
interaction with popular protesters, 18
Legislative Assembly (1791–1792), 22,
104, 106, 107, 112, 113, 115, 116,
117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125,
126, 127, 130, 131, 133, 155, 229,
230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236
measures against club radicals
(1791), 102
Parisian push to enforce voting
mandates, 68
Parisian reactions against legislators
dueling, 82
protesters’ growing role before, 102
protesters’ October Days’ entry, 71
protesters’ relationship with, 15, 17
restrictions passed on Parisian
petitioning (May 1791), 96
National Convention, 1, 128, 130, 131,
133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139,
140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146,
147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154,
155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162,
163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169,
170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176,
178, 179, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193,
196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202,
204, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 248,
249, 250, 251, 252
circular against 12 Germinal
demonstration, 169
collaborative relationship with sansculottes, 129, 130
increasing acceptance of Parisian
presence (1792–3), 139
irreconcilability with popular
demands, 178
repression of sans-culottes
movement, 168
National Guard of Paris, 14, 49, 65, 70,
71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 80, 85, 86, 87,
88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 98, 100, 104,
106, 109, 111, 114, 116, 130, 133,
141, 144, 146, 161, 166, 167, 175,
176, 179, 180, 181, 183, 184, 187,
188, 189, 190, 201, 205, 217, 218,
220, 222, 223, 226, 227, 228, 230,
231, 244, 250
expansion during Varennes crisis (June
1791), 90
Necker, Jacques, 46, 48, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61,
63, 74, 213, 214, 220
Netherlands, 135
non-violence
definition, 12
French Revolutionary similarities with
later movements, 209
prevalence of, 208
Revolutionary perspectives and uses
of, 206
utilizing term for eighteenth-century
protest, 19
Notre-Dame Cathedral, 32, 34, 39, 51, 52,
77, 181, 220, 222, 223
October Days, 49, 218
early commemorations of, 73
gender connotations, 70
origins of, 70
violence during, 72
Orléans, Louis Philippe II, duc de, 56, 60,
223, 237
Orléans, Philippe II, duc de, 36
Ozouf, Mona, 81
Pache, Jean-Nicolas, 143, 145, 151,
153, 160
Paine, Thomas, 9
Palais Bourbon, 233
Palais de Justice, 25, 35, 38, 40, 41, 50,
187, 211, 212, 236
Palais de Justice law clerks
effigy burning of Calonne, 42
Palais-Egalité, see Palais-Royal
Palais-Royal, 25, 36, 48, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59,
60, 67, 68, 69, 84, 96, 121, 122, 144,
145, 166, 182, 183, 187, 188, 190,
191, 192, 193, 194, 199, 201, 212,
213, 214, 215, 217, 218, 219, 220,
221, 222, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231,
232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239,
246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252
brawl between patrons and soldiers (July
9, 1789), 58
mobilization of Bastille insurrection, 59
murder of spy in (July 8, 1789), 58
Police repression post-August 1789, 69
Panthéon, 94, 192, 193
Paris
Old Regime urban expansion, 25
Paris Guard (Garde de Paris), 60
Parlement of Paris, 34, 214
celebrations for 1787 recall, 41
condemnation of anti-Réveillon
rioters, 54
Parisian resistance to 1771–4
banishment, 35
reaction against Estates General voting
decree, 50
resistance to 1787 royal reforms, 40
Patriote français, 106
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Micah Alpaugh
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Peloux, Pierre, 93
Père Duchesne, Le 146
Pétion, Jerome, 104, 108, 111, 115, 116,
117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124,
130, 232
petitions
against reinstating Louis XVI (July 14,
1791), 95
campaign for Lafayette’s return (April
1791), 88
Champ de Mars signings (August 3–6
1792), 233
for Louis XVI’s removal (June 22,
1792), 118
for the sections to meet en
permanence, 118
opposing reinstatement of king (July 14,
1791), 95
plans for mass signing at Champ de
Mars (July 17, 1791), 97
Pius VI, pope, 182
Place Dauphine, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45,
187, 211, 212, 213, 214
Place de Grève, 31, 50, 51, 52, 62, 63, 64,
75, 128, 135, 152, 153, 161, 220, 224,
228, 238, 241
Place de l’Etoile, 179, 190
Place de la Bastille, 75, 97, 98, 105, 106,
112, 120, 123, 232
Place des Victoires, 32, 188
Place des Vosges, 33, 53
Place du Carrousel, 87, 101, 115, 125,
127, 192, 225, 234, 238
Place du Louvre, 234
Place du Théâtre français, 124
Place du Trône, 195
Place du vieux Louvre, 213
Place Louis XV, 33, 45, 48, 61, 64, 80,
115, 228, 232
Place Maubert, 33, 39, 45, 242, 245
Place Royale, 33, 53, 104, 230
Place Saint-Michel, 231
Place Vendôme, 32, 48, 55, 61, 92, 94,
112, 134, 197, 201, 227, 228, 236
Police of Paris, 34, 37
methodological limitations of police
archives, 20
Old Regime strategies against
protests, 38
patrols, 34
political demonstration
defining term, 3, 18
Pont Louis XVI, 189
Pont Marie, 112
Pont Neuf, 32, 64, 143, 150, 166,
213, 226
289
Pont Saint-Michel, 182, 213
Porte Saint-Bernard, 182
Porte Saint-Denis, 224, 249
Porte Saint-Marcel, 52
Porte Saint-Martin, 222, 243
Portugal, 135
Prairial Year III insurrection
1 Prairial demonstration, 173
origins, 171
suppression (2–4 Prairial Year III), 177
pre-Revolution
protesters’ use of violence during, 46
processions
Assumption, 40
celebration of king’s health (February
1790), 181
Corpus Christi, see Fête Dieu (Corpus
Christi)
Culte révolutionnaire, 158
declaring Patrie en danger (June 22,
1792), 119
eighteenth-century uses of, 26
end of American Revolutionary
War, 33
end of Seven Years War, 33
enlightened critiques of, 27
female Paris artists to National
Assembly, 69
Fête Dieu (Corpus Christi), 181,
185, 245
for blessing of National Guard flags
(1789), 181
for sailors ransomed from North
Africa, 33
governmental uses of, 35
Holy Sacrament processions, 28
illicit use after Thermidor, 186
king’s visit to Paris (July 17, 1789, 64
Man of the rue aux Ours, 184
miracles associated with, 29
municipal leaders’ march to Versailles
(July 20, 1789), 64
of National Assembly deputies to Paris
(July 15, 1789), 64
National Assembly Fête Dieu
celebration during Varennes crisis
(June 21, 1791), 27, 91
Old Regime policing of, 28
origins of Revolutionary protest, 26
Parisian resistance to reforms, 28
Parisian traditions of, 25
Petit Fête Dieu, 180
return of royals to Paris (October 6,
1789), 73
royal entry ceremonies, 32
Sainte-Geneviève, 27, 65, 66, 67, 217
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processions (cont.)
to open Protestant cemetery (1775), 30
Tennis Court Oath anniversary
(1790), 78
under Terror, 186
Proclamations of the Peace
Old Regime traditions, 33
protests
increasing legal toleration towards, 38
Provence, comte de, 85
Quai de la Ferraille, 223
Quai de la Messagerie, 220
Quai des Grands Augustins, 34
Quai des Orfèvres, 79
Quai des Théatins, 226
Representatives on Mission, 164
Réveil du peuple, 199, 249, 251
Réveillon Riots, 13, 48, 49, 181, 214
controversy preceding, 50
justifications, 55
peaceful protests preceding, 53
Réveillon, Jean-Baptiste, 50, 52, 53
Révolutions de Paris, 126
Robert, Vincent, 7, 19
Robespierre, Maximilien de, 78, 106, 141,
153, 161, 192, 246
Roche, Daniel, 15
Roland, Jean-Marie, 105, 131, 137
Rome, 84, 85
Rose, R.B., 19
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 17, 78, 193
Roux, Jacques, 150
Rudé, George, 6, 7, 9, 19, 43, 44, 52, 74,
76, 212
rue Calande, 193
rue Charenton, 237
rue Charonne, 44
rue de Bièvre, 239
rue de Grenelle, 45
rue de la Montagne
Sainte-Geneviève, 244
rue des Lombards, 193, 238
rue du Temple, 152
rue du Vert-bois, 165
rue Mazarine, 223
rue Montmartre, 193
rue Mouffetard, 51, 52
rue Quincampoix, 24, 28
rue Saint Honoré, 73
rue Saint-Antoine, 62, 225
rue Saint-Denis, 30, 141, 184, 224,
241, 243
rue Saint-Honoré, 49, 188, 201, 202,
212, 220
rue Saint-Jacques, 94
rue Saint-Martin, 45, 184
rue Saint-Nicaise, 213
rue Saint-Victor, 231
rue Ticquetonne, 225
rue Vivienne, 35, 221, 224, 225, 226
Sablons, 201
Saint-Antoine, abbey of, 32
Saint-Cloud, 87, 226
prevention of king’s departure (April 18,
1791), 87
Saint-Côme, 224
Saint-Cyr, 67
Saint-Denis basilica, 30
Saint-Domingue, 104
Saint-Etienne-du-Mont, 219
Saint-Eustache, 223
Saint-Germain l’Auxerrois, 91, 180, 184,
223, 225
Saint-Hippolyte, 223
Saint-Jacques de la Boucherie, 182, 217
Saint-Jean-en-Grève, 224
Saint-Lazare prison, 215
Saint-Leu, 28, 184, 185
Saint-Louis seminary, 32
Saint-Merri, 28
Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs, 185
Saint-Roch, 202, 224
Saint-Sulpice, 132, 183, 219, 223
Sainte-Geneviève, 32, 65, 181
Salpêtrière prison, 222
sans-culottes, 19, 22, 101, 112, 114, 117,
120, 128, 129, 130, 139, 141, 142,
144, 150, 152, 153, 155, 156, 157,
158, 159, 161, 164, 168, 171, 175,
176, 178, 179, 180, 187, 190, 191,
194, 195 248, 249, 251
Santerre, Antoine-Joseph, 52, 110, 112,
113, 114, 121, 154, 227, 232
Savoyards, 233
Schama, Simon, 9
Sections of Paris, 87, 88, 141, 150
Arsenal, 243, 246
Bon-Conseil, 137, 184, 239, 240
Bondy, 149
Bonnet Rouge, 161
Brutus, 197
Butte-des-Moulins, 171
Cité, 140, 167, 176, 242
Contrat social, 131, 239, 240
Croix-Rouge, 118
defying regulations to meet en
permanence during Varennes Crisis
(June 1791), 91
Droits-de-l’Homme, 240
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1787–1795
Micah Alpaugh
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Enfants-Trouvés, 110, 111
expanding roles in wartime, 103
Faubourg Montmartre, 140, 197,
238, 244
Fédérés, 241
Finistère, 240, 248
Fraternité, 167
Gardes-françaises, 171
Gobelins, 108, 110, 111, 117, 229
Gravilliers, 131, 136, 165, 176
Gros Caillou, 98
Halle aux Blés, 136, 198, 199
Halles, 236
Henri IV, 232
Homme-armé, 167
Invalides, 167, 243
Léonard Bourdon, 165
Lepelletier, 171, 174, 197, 198, 199,
200, 201
Lombards, 185, 235, 236, 239, 245
Louvre, 234, 236
Mail, 238, 240, 243
Marchés, 197, 241
Mauconseil, 107, 118
National Assembly crackdown against
radical leaders (September 1791), 103
Observatoire, 106, 107, 245, 248
Panthéon, 171, 176, 234
Patrie, 246
Piques, 171, 244
Place des Fédérés, 235
Place Vendôme, 197
Poissonnière, 136, 238, 242
Pont Neuf, 137
Popincourt, 110
Quatre-Nations, 234, 236
Quinze-Vingts, 110, 133, 166, 167,
232, 238
repression against, 158
Réunion, 235, 238, 240
roles in mobilizations of 1792, 127
Roule, 236, 238
Saint-Meri, 126
Théâtre-français, 92, 152, 198, 199,
200, 201, 234, 237
Sedan, 131
September Massacres (1792), 14, 15, 128,
129, 131, 133, 235
Sèvres, 67
Singer, Brian, 129
Slavin, Morris, 19
Soboul, Albert, 9, 19, 129, 157, 159, 160
Société des amis de la vérité, 96
Société des républicaines
révolutionnaires, 159
Société du Serment du jeu de paume, 77
291
Société patriotique, 223
Société populaire des Minimes, 182
sociétés populaires, 162
establishment of network in Paris
(1790), 84
Sons of Liberty movement, 8, 42
Sonthonax, Léger-Félicité, 78
Sorbonne, 29
Spain, 135
spies (police of Paris)
protester violence against, 45, 46
use under Old Regime, 37
Staël, Madame de, 60
strikes
bakers’ apprentices, 246
chapeliers, 228
Faubourg Saint-Antoine artisans, 44
hat makers’ apprentices, 89
Le Chappellier Laws, 1791 banning
of, 94
military fortification builders
(October 1792), 133
perruquiers, 217
tailors, 217
tailors’ apprentices, 216
subsistence disturbances, 162
across multiple neighborhoods
(April 15–18, 1793), 239
August–September 1793, 242
before bakeries (September 29,
1793), 243
Faubourg Saint-Antoine (October 19,
1789), 218
Les Halles (17 Nivôse Year II), 244
Marché Jean (26 Ventôse Year III), 245
October Days (October 5–6 1789),
70, 218
outside bakeries (February 23,
1793), 238
outside Maison Commune (February
24, 1793), 238
petition campaign to re-establish
Maximum (Ventôse-Germinal Year
III), 163
preceding Germinal journées (3–10
Germinal Year III), 249
rue de la Montagne Sainte-Geneviève
(1 Ventôse Year II), 244
Section de l’Observatoire (28 Ventôse
Year II), 245
sugar pillaging (February 25, 1793), 238
unrest during Estates-General (May 26,
1789), 214
Ventôse Year II, 160
Versailles–Paris women’s march (May 1,
1793), 239
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subsistence disturbances (cont.)
widespread rioting (January
20–February 8, 1793), 230
Sutherland, D. M. G., 9
Swedish Embassy, 30
Swiss Guards (Gardes suisses), 24, 29, 44,
50, 62, 79, 101, 123, 125, 126, 205,
212, 233
Talma, François-Joseph, 222, 249
Te Deum, 33, 76, 181, 219, 235
Temple prison, 133, 237
Tennis Court Oath, 56, 214
1792 anniversary, 113
Terrasse des Feuillants, 221, 227, 231
Terray, Abbé Joseph-Marie, 39
Théâtre de l’Odéon, 135, 238
Théâtre de la Favart, 247
Théâtre de la Feydeau, 251
Théâtre de la Nation, 193, 230, 242
Théâtre de la République, 247, 248, 249
Théâtre de la rue Feydeau, 247
Théâtre des Variétés, 247
Théâtre du Montansier, 247
Théâtre du Vaudeville, 193
Théâtre Feydeau, 230, 243
Théâtre italien, 230
Théâtre français, 199, 222
Thermidorian regime, 156, 157
Thermidorians, 161, 165
1 Germinal laws (limiting popular
protest), 164
2 Germinal Year III arrest of former
Montagnards, 164
unreceptiveness to Parisian popular
movements, 162
Third Estate, 49, 52, 55, 56
Thompson, E.P., 7
Tilly, Charles, 6, 19
Tonnesson, Kare, 19
Toulon, 243
Tuileries Garden, 32, 61, 80, 82, 85, 90,
96, 103, 112, 190, 194, 219, 220, 221,
222, 223, 227, 229, 231, 233, 234,
237, 239, 241, 244, 248
Tuileries Palace, 73, 80, 85, 86, 87, 93,
101, 115, 116, 121, 123, 124, 125,
126, 139, 153, 156, 175, 205, 218,
224, 225, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233,
234, 251
Vainqueurs de la Bastille, 77, 103, 216,
220, 224
Valmy, battle of, 130, 133
Varennes, flight to, 22, 75, 76
Velvet Revolutions, 2, 209
Vendée, 149, 154, 186, 240, 241, 243, 246
Vendémiaire journées
12 Vendémiaire demonstration, 200
planning, 199
repression of 13 Vendémiaire, 202
suspected links to royalism, 196
Verdun, 132
Verginaud, Pierre-Victurnien, 141
Vernier, Théodore, 175
Versailles, 32, 36, 41, 48, 49, 56, 57, 58,
61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 77,
85, 116, 138, 215, 216, 217, 218, 220,
232, 239
1786 gagne-denier march to, 36
attempted march on (August 30,
1789), 67
districts’ call to march on (September 1,
1789), 68
feared march on (July 6, 1789), 58
guilds’ procession to after birth of
Dauphin (1781), 66
rumored march on (August 25, 1789), 66
rumored march on (July 15, 1789), 64
rumored march on (May 3, 1789), 55
Vincennes, 86, 90, 100, 225
Vincennes, Bois de, 53
Vincennes, Château de, 86
violence
behavioral psychology of, 12
in broader Revolutionary context, 206
classifications, 12
lack of legitimacy, 15
limitations of, 204
prevalence of, 208
revolutionaries’ views of, 16
threats of, 14
uses of, 15
utilizations of, 14
Voltaire, 78
transfer of remains to Panthéon, 94
Vovelle, Michel, 9
Wahnich, Sophie, 154
War of the Austrian Succession
celebrations for end of, 33
weapons
National Assembly arms Paris populace
with pikes (August 1792), 122
protesters’ use of, 13, 14
White Terror, 191
Wilkes and Liberty movement, 7, 42
Wille, Johan-Georg, 49, 73, 79, 143,
149, 180
Yorktown
celebration for victory, 33
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