option vins et spiritueux

LÍNGUA INGLESA
LÍNGUA INGLESA
MODAL VERBS
Professora Leila Eto
Modal Verbs
Os modais não são verbos completos. São usados
com um verbo principal.
Modais mais comuns:
can, could, may, might, shall, should, ought to,
must, would, will
Sobre os modais:
1. Os modais aparecerão antes do verbo principal
(infinitivo) e são usados sem a partícula to (com
exceção de ought).
 Julianne could go with Jeff.
Julianne could to go with Jeff.
X
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2. Os modais não levam ‘s’ nas terceiras pessoas
do singular.
He must arrive early.
X He musts arrive early.
y
3. Os modais expressam habilidade, possibilidade,
necessidade ou outra condição.
Formação
Sujeito + modal + verbo principal
They can swim.
Robert should walk.
Frases interrogativas
Frases interrogativas
modal + sujeito + verbo principal
2) Para *wh- questions
wh- word + modal + sujeito + verbo principal
1) Para yes-no questions
modal + sujeito + verbo principal
When can she travel?
How could she know?
Can she drive?
*Who, What, Where, Why, Which, When ou How
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Can
1. Pode indicar possibilidade ou habilidade.
2. Em perguntas, o modal can pode ser usado
para pedir permissão para se fazer algo ou para
perguntar sobre possibilidades.
Wild animals can be dangerous.
Tina can speak five languages.
Can I help you?
Can Susan come over for lunch?
Who can answer the following question?
3. Can pode ser usado para oferecer-se para fazer
algo.
Could
II can pick you up at the airport if you
you’d
d like.
like
1. Pode indicar possibilidade ou habilidade no
passado.
 I could have visited that city.
 When I was young, I could swim very well.
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2. Could especula sobre possibilidades futuras.
It could rain tonight.
That could be dangerous.
3. Em perguntas tipo yes-no, could especula sobre
possibilidades atuais.
Could he be a suspect?
Could this be wrong?
5. Could pode indicar uma opção.
We could go to the theater.
I could become an engineer.
4. Pode ser usado para pedido (can-could
sinônimos). Could é mais polido.
Could / Can you open the door?
Could / Can you help me move this furniture?
6. O modal could também é usado para formar o
condicional.
Formação do condicional com o uso de could:
if clause , result clause
(could se localiza na result clause)
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Expressa
conditional)
situações
hipotéticas
(second
7. Could pode mencionar algo que não aconteceu
porque uma certa condição não foi alcançada.
If I had time, I could go skiing with you.
If it weren't raining, we could go to the park.
If we had left sooner, we could have taken the
bus.
I could have passed the exam * if I had studied
more.
May
2. May também é usado quando queremos fazer
uma sugestão educada.
1. Indica permissão e possibilidade
May I come in?
May
May I help you?
It may rain today.
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Might
May / can
1. Pode indicar possibilidade.
1. Dão instrução ou permissão.
 It might rain today.
You may / can now board at gate 5.
You may / can begin the exam in five minutes.
Must
2. Em perguntas tipos yes-no podemos usar may
ou can para se fazer pedido (may é mais polido).
May / Can I see your passport, please?
1. Indica uma obrigação.
You must read this book.
Lynn must see a doctor immediately.
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2. Pode indicar probabilidade.
Here’s Sophie’s umbrella so she must be here.
3. Em wh- questions, must é uma obrigação e
pode ser substituído pelo modal should (mais
comum).
When should / must we be there?
Who should / must I talk to?
Have To / Don't Have to / Mustn't
Exemplos
Have to
Usamos 'have to' no passado, presente ou futuro
para expressar responsabilidade ou necessidade.
É conjugado como um verbo regular e portanto
necessita de um verbo auxiliar em frases
interrogativas/ negativas.
We have to go to work early.
She had to work hard last month.
They will have to leave late.
Does she have to go?
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Don’t have to x mustn’t
Mustn’t
Don’t have to
A forma negativa
g
de have to expressa
p
algo
g q
que
não é exigido. Entretanto é possível se desejado.
A forma negativa de must expressa a idéia de que
algo é proibido (diferente de don’t have to).
You don't have to get up early.
They didn't have to work so hard.
Must / have to = passado
You mustn't work on dad’s computer.
You may not work on dad’s computer
Should e Ought (to)
São sinônimos.
Must não existe no passado. A forma no passado
para indicá-lo é had to (usado também como
passado de have to).
1. São usados p
para indicar obrigação.
g ç
You should send her a note.
Did he have to work overtime?
He had to leave early.
2. São usados para dar conselhos.
You should stop smoking.
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3. São usados para indicar probabilidade.
They should arrive at noon.
5. Ought to raramente é usado em perguntas e
frases negativas (usa-se should).
4. Em frases interrogativas, should pergunta se a
obrigação existe.
Should he call her?
Should we pay now?
When should he arrive?
What should I do?
Must x should / ought to
2. Must expressa certeza.
Should/ought to expressam probabilidade.
1. Must é mais forte que should e ought.
p smoking.
g ((um comando))
You must stop
He must be home now. (certeza)
He should be home now. (provável)
You should / ought to stop smoking. (um
conselho)
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Will
1. É usado quando decidimos fazer algo no
momento da fala.
2. É usado quando oferecemo-nos para fazer algo
That package looks heavy. I’ll help you with it.
3. Para pedir a alguém para fazer algo
Will you open the window, please?
What would you like to eat?
I’ll have a cheeseburger.
4. É usado quando fazemos uma previsão de
futuro
Do you think Paul will pass the midterm test?
Yes, he’ll pass easily.
will x shall
Will pode ser usado para todas as pessoas mas
shall geralmente ocorre com I e we. Will
geralmente é menos formal quando usado com I e
we.
Have a great trip.
I shall try.
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Would
1. Seguido de like demonstra uma maneira polida
de se expressar uma preferência.
I would like red wine with my steak.
We would like a non-smoking room.
3. Would explica uma ação como o resultado de
uma suposta condição ou condição real.
I would go with you if I didn't have to study.
If I had not had to work, I would have visited her.
Bill would drive, but he doesn't have a license.
2. Nas frases interrogativas, a formação would +
sujeito + like demonstra um pedido educado para
uma escolha a ser feita.
Would you like french fries or onion rings with
your meal?
Where would you like to go tonight?
4. Would indica ações habituais no passado.
When I was a child, I would go swimming every
y
day.
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EXERCÍCIOS DE FIXAÇÃO
2. I wish I ________ (could/would/can) buy a new
cell phone but I don't have enough money.
Preencha as lacunas com o modal adequado.
1. I have no time. I _______ (should/may/must)
leave now or I __________ (would/will/could) miss
the bus.
4. Judy is not at home. She
(might/shall/will) have gone to Paris.
________
5. Steven _________ ((can/could/must)) p
play
y
soccer very well. I usually play with him every
weekend.
3. She looks so tired;; she
_______
(shouldn’t/should/might) take some days off .
6. _______ (should/may/might) I go to the party,
please?
Yes, but you_______ (won’t/couldn’t/mustn’t) be
late.
7. I haven't decided yet where I ________
(will/won’t/would) spend my honeymoon. I think
I ______ (must/can/might) go to Venice.
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8. ______ (should/could/might) you take the dog
for a walk while I am away?
10. You __________ (should/can/will) clean your
house more often.
9. George ________(should/may/must) come to
our party, but we aren't sure.
11. Peter _______ ((can/may/could)
y
) not p
play
y the
piano when he was five, but now he ________
(can/may/could) play it very well .
12.Sorry, I _________ (can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t)
eat
that
vegetable.
I
don't
like
it.
15. Your child is too fat. He ________ (should /
could/ may) eat fewer sweets.
13. The doctor told me: You ___________ (can /
may / should) eat less sugar .
16. To be in good health,
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health you ___________ (can/
should/ must) walk at least half an hour.
14. If you continue eating so much fatty food, you
___________ (should/ may/ must) have
cardiovascular problems.
17. You ________ (must/ may / should) suffer from
heart diseases because you eat too much junk
food.
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18. 150kg!!! You ___________ (may / shouldn’t /
must) lose weight.
19. You _____________ ((can’t / mustn’t / could))
use less salt when you cook. It's bad for your
health.
20. You ___________ (must / should / can) eat
more fruit and vegetables to be in good health.
7. will/might
8. could
9. may
10.should
11.could/can
12.can’t
13.should
14.may
Gabarito
1. must/will
2. could
3. should
4. might
5. can
6. may/mustn’t
15. should
16. should
17. may
18 must
18.
19. could
20. should
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