Present Progressive

77
Present Progressive
Modes
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect
Progressive
Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
 Utilisation du present progressive
Le present progressive exprime:
a) Une action qui se fait au moment où l'on parle (en train de).
Ex: I'm teaching you.
She is cooking.
Je suis en train de t'enseigner.
Elle est en train de faire à manger.
b) Une action temporaire (ce qui n'est pas une habitude).
Ex: I'm working on a new book.
She's taking English classes.
c) Des arrangements futurs.
Ex: I'm working tomorrow.
They are meeting John at 7:00.
d) Des situations évolutives.
Ex: The price of bread is increasing.
It is getting colder outside.
N.B. Le present progressive se traduit en français, comme le simple present, par le
présent de l'indicatif.
78
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
swimming
in the pool.
Contraction
Affirmations
I'm
You're
He's
She's
It's
We're
You're
They're
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Subject
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Not
Verb + ing
Object
playing
computer.
Contraction
Negations
Yes/no
questions
Information
questions
I
You
He
They
am
are
is
are
aren't
isn't
aren't
not
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Am
Are
Is
Are
I
you
she
we
teaching
watching
eating
going
you?
television?
an apple?
to Montreal?
Question
word
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Why
is
she
studying
English?
 Mots clés: Now/right now/at this moment
79
A. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive using the subject in brackets.
1. To swim (she)
is swimming
2. To clean (you)
are cleaning
3. To study (I)
am studying
4. To create (we)
are creating
5. To think (she)
is thinking
6. To behave (we)
are behaving
7. To eat (it)
is eating
8. To watch (he)
is watching
9. To walk (I)
am walking
10. To act (he)
is acting
11. To use (we)
are using
12. To pray (you)
are praying
13. To cook (they)
are cooking
14. To talk (I)
am talking
15. To hope (they)
are hoping
16. To swim (it)
is swimming
17. To travel (you)
are travelling
18. To water (she)
is watering
19. To sleep (you)
are sleeping
20. To whistle (I)
am whistling
80
B. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive.
1. I (to see)
am seeing
2. The kids (to grow up)
3. When
are
Paul tomorrow.
are growing up
they (to play)
playing
4. Tony (to smoke, negation)
isn't smoking
5.
running
Is
Julia (to run)
6. The boys (to sleep)
soccer this week.?
. He has a bad cold.
after the dog?
are sleeping
right now.
7. Peter and Diane (to come, negation)
8. Jackie (to work, negation)
.
are not coming
isn't working
this week.
because she broke her leg
last week.
9.
Are
you (to go)
10. Jennifer (to get)
going
to cinema this evening?
is getting
11. Brian (to go, negation)
married in a week.
is not going
to school this week.
12. That kid (to be)
is being
13. We (to have)
are having
problems with our car.
14. It (to rain)
is raining
cats and dogs these days.
am watching
my favorite TV program. Stop calling me!
15. I (to watch)
16.
Are
you (to try)
a real monster!
trying
to study?
17. They (to travel)
are travelling
in Asia.
18. Brian (to write)
is writing
a letter to his girlfriend.
19. Where
is
he (to go)
20. I (to watch, negation)
going
am not watching
?
T.V. tonight.
81
C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the present
progressive.
1. Dort-elle?
Is she sleeping?
2. She is thinking.
Elle pense./Elle est en train de penser.
3. Nous écoutons.
We're listening.
4. You're cooking.
Tu es en train de faire à manger.
5. What are you watching?
Que regardes-tu?
6. Is he sleeping?
Dort-il?
7. Il mange (l'oiseau).
It is eating.
8. Est-ce qu'elles mangent?
9. I'm listening.
Are they eating.
J'écoute.
10. What are you thinking?
À quoi pense-tu?
11. Je ne dors pas. I'm not sleeping.
12. Écoutez-vous?
Are you listening?
13. Why is she studying?
Pourquoi est-elle en train d'étudier?
14. Est-ce que tu manges?
15. Il écoute.
Are you eating?
He is listening.
16. Where are you going?
Où vas-tu?
17. Regardez-vous la télévision?
18. I'm not sleeping.
19. Que lis-tu?
Are you watching television?
Je ne suis pas en train de dormir.
What are you reading?
20. Je termine mes exercices.
I'm finishing my exercises.
82
21. Dave ne joue pas au hockey.
Dave isn't playing hockey.
22. Je mange beaucoup cette semaine.
23. Is she studying?
I'm eating a lot this week.
Est-elle en train d'étudier?
24. Listen! The baby is crying.
Écoute! Le bébé pleur.
25. Est-ce que je parle trop fort?
Am I speaking too loud.
26. They' re not travelling this year.
Ils ne voyagent pas cette année.
27. Est-ce que Rick ne vient pas au party?
Isn't Rick coming to the party?
28. The Taylors are staying here.
Les Taylor restent ici.
29. I'm not eating dessert.
Je ne mange pas dessert.
30. Il pleut.
It is raining.
31. Il est en train de courir après son chien?
He is running after his dog.
32. Je suis en train de travailler à l'ordinateur.
I'm working on the computer.
33. Nathalie is reading a book..
Nathalie est en train de lire un livre.
34. Les chats dorment sur le lit.
The cats are sleeping on the bed.
35. Pourquoi ne mangent-il pas? Why isn't he eating?
36. I'm listening to the teacher.
J'écoute l'enseignant.
37. Elle est en train de se baigner.
38. Où va-t-elle?
39. The tree is falling.
He is swimming.
Where is she going?
L'arbre est en train de tomber.
40. We are having a lot of fun!
On a/nous avons beaucoup de plaisir!
83
Modals
 Un Modal est un auxiliaire qui change la signification et le temps du verbe qui le suit.
Traduction et temps
Utilisation
Exemples
Possibilité/abileté
Can
I can go to cinema tonight.
I can swim one kilometer.
Can I go to the party?
May I go home Mrs?
Pouvoir  Présent
Permission
Aussi may (+poli)
Could
Pouvoir  Passé
Possibilité/abileté
I could swim at 5 years old.
Pouvoir Conditionnel
Possibilité/abileté
Requête polie
I could swim if I wanted.
Could I go to the bathroom?
Conseil (advice)
Should
You should study more.
You should listen to me.
Devoir  Conditionnel
Attente (expectation) She should be here in 5 min.
Must
Obligation
Besoin personnel
Devoir  Présent
You must obey your parents.
I must see a doctor.
Subject
Modal
Verb (infinitive)
Object
They
can
could
should
must
run
play
study
finish
very fast.
outdoor last night.
if they want to succeed.
their homework.
Affirmations
Subject
Modal
Not
Verb
(infinitive)
Object
go
sleep
smoke
watch
outdoor today.
well last night.
in bed.
tv tonight.
Contraction
Negations
She
can
could
should
must
can't
couldn't
shouldn't
musn't
not
84
Modal
Can
Could
Should
Must
Yes/no
questions
Subject
Verb
(infinitive)
Object
he
watch
walk
stop
go
tv tonight?
when he was 1 year old?
smoking?
to bed before 8?
Question
word
Modal
Why
can
could
should
must
Information
questions
Subject
he
Verb
(infinitive)
watch
play
stop
go
Object
tv tonight?
tennis?
smoking?
to bed before 8?
A. Complete the sentences below with an appropriate modal.
1. You
2.
must
Could
finish this work tonight. (obligation)
you go to the movies last weekend? (possibility)
3. You
should
have your eyes checked. (advice)
4. They
can/could
ski forty kilometers in one day. (ability)
5. She
can't/couldn't
find her socks. (negative ability)
6. Brian
shouldn't
smoke in bed. (negative advice)
7.
Must
I go home? (obligation)
8.
Should
I go home? (advice)
9.
Can
I go home? (possibility)
10. You
must not
smoke in this building. (negative obligation)
11. I
can't/couldn't
go to your party tonight. (possibility)
12. They
can/could
run for two hours. (ability)
13. Tell Diana I
couldn't
14.
I stay or
Should
15. We
must
meet her because I was sick. (negative possibility)
should
I go. (expectation)
leave because we have a meeting at 3 o'clock. (obligation)
85
B. Translate these sentences into French or English.
1. I can run the marathon.
Je peux courir le marathon.
2. They couldn't play hockey last night.
Ils ne pouvaient pas/n'ont pas pu jouer au hockey hier soir.
3. Les élèves devraient étudier davantage pour avoir de meilleurs résultats.
Students should study more to have better marks.
4. Can I turn off the lights?
Est-ce que je peux fermer les lumières?
5. Je ne peux pas te parler parce que je dois travailler.
I can't talk to you because I must work.
6. Où dois-je aller?
Where must I go?
7. He can't go to Montreal today.
Il ne peut pas aller à Mantréal aujourd'hui.
8. Pourrais-tu me donner ton crayon?
Could you give me your pencil?
9. Tu ne devrais pas manger de chocolat.
You shouldn't eat chocolate.
10. We couldn't finish the work on time.
Nous n'avons pas pu finir le travail à temps.
11. L'autobus devrait être ici bientôt.
The bus should be here soon.
12. We should wait for it.
Nous devrions l'attendre.
13. I'm on a diet. I must not eat dessert.
Je suis au régime. Je ne dois pas manger de dessert.
14. Pourriez-vous me dire où sont les toilettes?
Could you tell me where the washrooms are?
15. Should I review my modals?
Devrais-je reviser mes modals.
86
Past Progressive
Modes
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect
Progressive
Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
 Utilisation du past progressive
Le past progressive exprime:
a) Une action en train de se dérouler dans le passé. Par contre, le début et la
fin de l'action ne sont pas clairement définies.
Ex: At 7 o'clock ,they were playing hockey.
At this time last year, I was travelling in western Canada.
b) Une action progressive dans le passé pendant laquelle survient une action
spontanée.
Ex: I was taking a bath when the phone rang.
They were sleeping when the car hit the house.
Remarquez que dans une telle situation, une partie de la phrase est
au passée et doit obligatoirement se traduire par le passé composé.
N.B. Le past progressive se traduit en français par l'imparfait de l'indicatif.
87
Affirmations
Subject
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
Subject
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Verb + ing
Object
sleeping
when the phone
rang.
Not
Verb + ing
Object
playing
computer when
you called.
Contraction
Negations
Yes/no
questions
Information
questions
I
You
He
They
was
were
was
were
wasn't
weren't
wasn't
weren't
not
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Was
Were
Was
Were
I
you
she
we
sleeping
watching
eating
going
when it rang?
television when I called?
when you left?
to Montreal?
Question
word
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Why
was
she
watching
television?
 Mots clés: When + past tense
88
A. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive using the subject in brackets.
1. To read (she)
was reading
2. To write (I)
was writing
3. To jump (it)
was jumping
4. To come (you)
were coming
5. To live (we)
were living
6. To dance (he)
was dancing
7. To try (they)
were trying
8. To swim (you)
were swimming
9. To do (I)
was doing
10. To clean (they) were cleaning
11. To study (you)
were studying
12. To shine (he)
was shining
13. To drive (we)
were driving
14. To draw (she)
was drawing
15. To think (you)
were thinking
16. To swim (it)
was swimming
17. To travel (you)
were travelling
18. To water (she)
was watering.
19. To care (you)
were caring
20. To whistle (I)
was whistling
89
B. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive.
1. In 1977, she (to live)
2. Why
was
was living
she (to try)
in Vancouver.
trying
3. Jim and Janet (to study, negation)
to escape?
weren't studying
together
yesterday
evening.
4. We (to eat)
were eating
5. The stars (to shine)
lunch when the earthquake began.
were shining
that night.
6. The car broke down while I (to go)
7.
Was
he (to wear)
wearing
8. At that time, I (to work)
9.
Were
was going
a black suit when he came in?
was working
they (to watch)
10. We (to play, negation)
to Montréal.
as a secretary.
watching
weren't playing
a movie yesterday afternoon?
with the children when you
called.
11. Sarah (to read)
was reading
when the thief came in.
12. We (to play, negation)
were not playing
13.
training
Was
he (to train)
14. At 6 o'clock last nignt, we (to prepare)
15. They (to sleep, negation)
golf when the rain started.
the team that year?
were preparing
weren't sleeping
diner.
when the phone rang.
90
C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the past progressive.
1. Parlait-elle?
Was she talking?
2. Il courait (le chat).
It was running
3. Est-ce qu'elles lisaient?
4. Were we playing?
Were they reading?
Est-ce que nous jouions .
5. I was sleeping.
Je dormais.
6. Nous écrivions.
We were writing.
7. Were you sleeping?
8. Dansiez-vous?
Dormais-tu?/Dormiez-vous?
Were you dancing?
9. Were you skiing?
Est-ce que vous faisiez du ski?
10. Est-ce que tu lisais?
Were you reading?
11. We were crying.
Nous pleurions.
12. Je ne dormais pas.
I wasn't sleeping.
13. Est-ce que vous chantiez?
14. Was I eating?
Est-ce que j'étais en train de manger?
15. You were drinking.
16. Je travaillais.
Were you singing?
Tu buvais./Vous buviez.
I was working.
17. Est-ce que vous dormiez à 21h?
18. He wasn't reading when she arrived.
19 Was he sleeping at 9 o'clock?
20. I wasn't playing computer.
Were you sleeping at 9 o'clock pm?
Il ne jouait pas quand elle est arrivée.
Dormait-il à 9 heures?
Je n'étais pas en train de jouer à l'ordinateur.
91
D. Supply the proper form - simple past or past progressive.
1. While I (to go)
was going
back home last night, I (to see) saw
an accident.
2. I (to read)
was reading
3. I (to wait)
was waiting
friend (to come)
4. When I (to meet)
the newspaper when you (to call)
called
.
for the bus when one of my very good
came
with his car.
met
Frank, he (to live)
was living
in Chicoutimi.
5. Kathy slipped and (to fall)
playing
6. John (to play)
fell
while she ( to play)
was
volleyball.
was playing
hockey when he (to have)
had
a heart attack.
7. At this time, last year, I (to live)
8. I (to paint)
was living
was painting
and (to knock)
9. She (to write)
outside when I (to fall)
knocked
was writing
left
was raining
knock)
was
fall)
15. He (to get)
in Europe.
home when I (to call)
helped
dinner, someone he knew (to
his mother, when his very good friend (to arrive)
soccer in the field near the park when John (to
.
got
.
.
were playing
fell
called
at the door.
arrived
14. They (to play)
.
home this morning, it (to
was eating
knocked
13. Simon (to help)
rang
a lot.
11. Kent (to be, negation)
12. While Brian (to eat)
fell
my head.
her exam when the bell (to ring)
10. When Jason (to leave)
rain)
in Vancouver.
sick while he (to travel)
was travelling
92
Demonstratives
Traduction
This
(singular)
Ce
Cette
Ceci
Cela
Utilisation
Près (physiquement)
Agréable (émotion)
Près (temps)
Exemples
This car is near us.
I like this thing.
This time of the year is great.
Celui-ci
Celui-là
Celle-ci
Celle-là
Éloigné (physiquement)
Désagréable (émotion)
Éloigné (temps)
That car is far.
I hate that bug.
At that time, I was...
(plural)
Ces
Ceux-ci
Ceux-là
Près (physiquement)
Agréable (émotion)
Près (temps)
These cars are near us.
These things I liked.
It's very hot these days.
Those
Celles-là
Celles-ci
Celles-là
Éloigné (physiquement)
Désagréable (émotion)
Éloigné (temps)
Those cars are far from us.
Those bugs are biting me.
In those years, there were no
computers.
That
(singular)
These
(plural)
A. Complete these sentences using this/that/these/those + these words:
Birds
house
plates
postcards
seat
shoes
93
B. Describe these objects using this/that/these/those + these adjectives:
94
Some and Any
 Some et Any se placent devant des choses qu'on ne peut pas compter et se
traduisent généralement par de, du, des ou d'.
Sens
Some
Utilisation
Quelque…
Someone/body
Something
Somewhere
N'importe…
Anyone/body
Anything
Anywhere
Any
Exemples
S'utilise principalement
dans des affirmations.
I think I have some milk.
S'utilise principalement
dans des négations et
dans des questions.
Sorry, I don't have any milk.
Would you like any water?
A. Complete the following sentences using some/any/someone/anyone/
somebody/anybody/something/anything/somewhere/anywhere
1. Does
anyone
2. Would you like
3. Do you live
mind if I smoke?
anything
anywhere
near Jim?
4. The prisoners refused to eat
5. There's
someone
to eat?
anything
at the door.
6. We slept in the park because we didn't have
7. Can I have
.
some
anywhere
milk in my coffee please?
8. Sue is very secretive. She never tells
anybody
anything
9. Why are you looking under your bed? Have you lost
10. You can cash these travellers checks at
11. I haven't read
any
13. Would you like
more coffee?
some
14. The film is really great. You can ask
anybody
to
anyone
.
?
bank.
of these books. But Tom has read
anything
fine.
anything
any
12. He left the house without saying
15. This is No Parking area.
to stay.
some
anybody
.
.
who has seen it.
who parks here will have to pay a